Self-unloading material transport device and unloading method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and more particularly to a self-unloading material transport device and a method for unloading material, the material transport device comprising: a transport box, a discharge door provided at the bottom of the transport box, the discharge door being rotatably connected to a side panel of the transport box, a buckle pin provided at the end of the discharge door, a self-locking mechanism provided on the side of the transport box, the self-locking mechanism comprising a self-locking fastener and an elastic member, the middle portion of the self-locking fastener being rotatably connected to the transport box, the lower portion of the self-locking fastener being provided with a slot for being locked with the buckle pin; a discharge box, a release buckle being rotatably connected to the top of the side panel of the discharge box, a door blocking rod being provided inside the discharge box, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge box being larger than that of the transport box; and a lifting mechanism connected to the top of the discharge box. The present invention solves the technical problem of the difficulty in unloading powder material discharge boxes in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to a self-unloading material transporting device and a material unloading method. Background Art

[0002] When transporting powder materials in a tunnel, a powder material discharge box is required to load and unload the materials. The existing discharge box uses an inclined discharge box to discharge the materials through the upper material box opening of the discharge box. This method mainly has the following problems: First, a large power system is required to flip the entire material box, which is difficult to operate, has high energy consumption, and requires a large space for operation. Second, the structure is complex and it is not easy to achieve automated operation. Therefore, some solutions have been improved (such as CN218288956U, a heavy-duty discharge box), in which the materials are discharged from the bottom and unloaded by manually pulling the discharge rod. This unloading method is difficult to unload. When the material is heavy, the self-locking mechanism is relatively tight, and manually pulling the rod requires a lot of effort, which is difficult to operate and time-consuming and labor-intensive.

[0003] In summary, there is an urgent need for a device that is convenient for transporting and unloading materials to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to provide a self-unloading material transport device and a method for unloading material to solve the technical problem of the difficulty in unloading material from a powder material unloading box in the prior art. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0005] The present invention provides a self-unloading material transporting device, comprising:

[0006] The material transport box has a discharge door at the bottom thereof, which can be rotatably connected to the side panel of the material transport box. A buckle pin is provided at the end of the discharge door. A self-locking mechanism is provided on the side of the material transport box. The self-locking mechanism includes a self-locking fastener and an elastic member. The middle part of the self-locking fastener is rotatably connected to the material transport box. The lower part of the self-locking fastener is provided with a slot for being clamped on the buckle pin. The first end of the elastic member is fixed to the material transport box, and the second end of the elastic member is fixed to the top end of the self-locking fastener. When the slot is locked in the buckle pin, the elastic part is in an extended state, and a protruding section is provided on the self-locking fastener at a position between the slot and the middle part of the self-locking fastener; a discharge box, the top of the side panel of the discharge box is rotated upward and connected with an unlocking buckle, and when the discharge door is opened, the unlocking buckle contacts the protruding section, and the slot is disengaged from the buckle pin. A door closing bar is provided inside the discharge box, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge box is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the material transport box; a lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is connected to the top of the discharge box.

[0007] A further improvement of the self-unloading unloading and transporting device of the present invention is that the unloading door is two, the number of the buckle pins is two, and they are correspondingly arranged at the ends of the two unloading doors, the number of the self-locking mechanisms is two, the two self-locking mechanisms are arranged opposite to each other, and are corresponding to the buckle pins. When the slot is locked in the buckle, the protruding sections of the two self-locking fasteners contact each other, and when the unloading door is opened, the unlocking buckle passes between the protruding sections of the two self-locking fasteners.

[0008] A further improvement of the self-unloading unloading and transporting device of the present invention is that the lifting mechanism includes a lifting plate, a first driving member and a plurality of lifting guide rods, the lifting guide rods are connected between the lifting plate and the first driving member, the driving member is located above the lifting plate and connected to the lifting plate, and the bottom of the lifting plate is connected to the transport box.

[0009] A further improvement of the self-unloading material transport device of the present invention is that a support base for connecting the lifting guide rod is fixed to the side of the material transport box.

[0010] A further improvement of the self-unloading unloading and transporting device of the present invention is that it also includes a moving mechanism, which includes a track, a moving wheel adapted to the track, and a second driving member. The moving wheel and the second driving member are installed at the bottom of the first driving member. The second driving member drives the moving wheel to move on the track, and the track is located between the first driving member and the lifting plate.

[0011] A further improvement of the self-unloading material transporting device of the present invention is that a discharge port is provided on the side of the discharge box.

[0012] A further improvement of the self-unloading material transporting device of the present invention is that a connecting pipe for connecting to an external negative pressure dust collector is provided on the side of the unloading box.

[0013] A further improvement of the self-unloading material transport device of the present invention is that a loading port is provided on the top surface of the material transport box, and a material box cover for covering the loading port is connected to the top surface of the material transport box.

[0014] A further improvement of the self-unloading material transporting device of the present invention is that a pressure wheel that cooperates with the door closing stop rod is installed at the bottom of the unloading door.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for unloading materials using the self-unloading material transport device as described above, comprising the following steps: connecting a transport box containing materials to a lifting mechanism; the lifting mechanism drives the transport box to move above the unloading box, and aligning the self-locking fastener with the unlocking fastener;

[0016] The material transport box is lowered by the lifting mechanism. During the lowering process, the unlocking buckle presses against the protruding section in the self-locking fastener, so that the card slot is disengaged from the buckle pin, thereby opening the discharge door and starting to discharge the material until the discharge is completed;

[0017] The material transport box is continuously lowered by the lifting mechanism, and the opened discharge door is blocked by the door closing stop bar, and the discharge door is gradually closed until it is fully closed and the latch pin is locked in the latch slot;

[0018] The material transport box is lifted by a lifting mechanism and transported to a loading location.

[0019] The application of the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] The self-unloading material transporting device of the present invention controls the material transport box to enter the discharge box through the lifting mechanism, and in this process, releases the restriction of the self-locking fastener groove on the buckle pin through the blocking of the unlocking buckle, thereby opening the discharge door for unloading, and controlling the material transport box to continue to descend through the lifting mechanism, and the discharge door is re-closed by the blocking of the door closing stop rod, and the groove of the self-locking fastener is re-fastened to the buckle pin by the cooperation of the elastic member, and the material transport box is moved back to the loading position through the lifting mechanism, realizing automatic unloading of the whole process, without other flipping or other door opening driving structures, and without manual operation of personnel, simple structure and high reliability, and solves the technical problem of the difficulty of unloading operation of the powder discharge box in the prior art; the self-locking mechanism has a simple structure and flexible movement, and there is no jamming phenomenon or the phenomenon of being unable to open the door; unloading from the bottom is more thorough and leaves no residue; it is connected to the negative pressure dust removal, so that the dust pollution is small, the construction environment is optimized, and a large amount of dust is avoided, which endangers the health of surrounding operators.

[0021] In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are intended to explain the present invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the self-unloading material transporting device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the material transport box structure of the self-unloading material transport device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is an enlarged view of the position of the self-locking mechanism of the self-unloading material transport device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 2. It is a schematic diagram showing the closing of the self-locking mechanism of the self-unloading material transporting device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5Schematic diagram of the self-locking mechanism of the self-unloading material transport device of the present invention being opened;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the unloading door of the material transport box of the self-unloading material transport device of the present invention being opened;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the state in which the self-locking mechanism of the material transport box of the self-unloading material transport device of the present invention is located below the unlocking buckle after unloading;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a state in which the self-locking mechanism contacts the unlocking buckle when the material transport box of the self-unloading material transport device rises after unloading, driving the unlocking buckle to rotate;

[0031] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the state in which the self-locking mechanism of the material transport box of the self-unloading material transport device of the present invention is located above the unlocking buckle after unloading.

[0032] Among them, 1. Material transport box; 11. Support seat; 12. Lifting port; 13. Loading port; 131. Material box cover; 14. Self-locking mechanism; 141. Self-locking fastener; 142. Elastic member; 15. Unloading door; 151. Buckle pin; 152. Pressure wheel; 2. Lifting mechanism; 21. Lifting plate; 22. First driving member; 23. Track, 24. Lifting guide rod; 3. Unloading box; 31. Adjustment mechanism; 32. Unlocking buckle; 33. Door closing lever; 34. Discharge port; 35. Connecting pipe; 36. Block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] See also Figures 1 to 6 As shown, a self-unloading material transporting device includes:

[0035] The material transport box 1 is provided with a discharge door 15 at the bottom of the material transport box 1, and the discharge door 15 can be rotatably connected to the side panel of the material transport box 1. A buckle pin 151 is provided at the end of the discharge door 15. A self-locking mechanism 14 is provided on the side of the material transport box 1. The self-locking mechanism 14 includes a self-locking fastener 141 and an elastic member 142. The middle part of the self-locking fastener 141 is rotatably connected to the material transport box 1. The lower part of the self-locking fastener 141 is provided with a slot for being clamped on the buckle pin 151. The first end of the elastic member 142 is fixed to the material transport box 1, and the second end of the elastic member 142 is fixed to the self-locking fastener 1 41, when the slot is locked in the buckle pin 151, the elastic member 142 is in an extended state, and a protruding section is provided on the self-locking fastener 141 between the slot and the middle of the self-locking fastener 141; the unloading box 3, the top of the side panel of the unloading box 3 is rotated upward and connected with an unlocking buckle 32, when the unloading door 15 is opened, the unlocking buckle 32 contacts the protruding section, and the slot is disengaged from the buckle pin 151, and a door blocking rod 33 is provided inside the unloading box 3, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the unloading box 3 is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the material transport box 1; the lifting mechanism 2, the lifting mechanism 2 is connected to the top of the unloading box 3.

[0036] Furthermore, if Figures 7 to 9 As shown, the unlocking buckle 32 adopts an axial rotation connection structure to achieve connection with the top of the side panel of the discharge box 3. A block 36 is also provided on the inner side of the side panel of the discharge box 3. The block 36 can limit the unlocking buckle 32 from rotating downward, thereby ensuring that when the protruding section of the self-locking fastener 141 is contacted, the groove and the snap pin 151 can be smoothly unlocked. When the material transport box 1 completes unloading and rises, the self-locking fastener 141 contacts the bottom of the unlocking buckle 32 and drives the unlocking buckle 32 to rotate, thereby avoiding unlocking the self-locking fastener 141 again.

[0037] Specifically, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the distance from the slot to the rotation point of the self-locking fastener 141 is equal to the distance from the rotation point of the self-locking fastener 141 to the connection point of the elastic member 142, that is, L1=L2. An opening is provided at the rotation point of the self-locking fastener 141, and the material transport box 1 is provided with a rotating shaft. The self-locking fastener 141 is passed through the opening on the rotating shaft, so that it can be rotatably connected to the material transport box 1. A limit plate is provided at the end of the rotating shaft away from the material transport box 1 to prevent the self-locking fastener 141 from falling. A limit block is provided at a position between the self-locking fastener 141 and the elastic member 142 on the material transport box 1 to prevent the self-locking fastener from excessive rotation. A lifting port 12 is also provided on the material transport box 1 to facilitate lifting the material transport box 1. In this embodiment, the elastic member 142 is a spring.

[0038] Preferably, Figure 6As shown, the discharge door 15 is comprised of two leaves, and the number of the latch pins 151 is two, which are correspondingly disposed at the ends of the two discharge doors 15. The number of the self-locking mechanisms 14 is two, and the two self-locking mechanisms 14 are disposed opposite each other and corresponding to the latch pins 151. When the latch slot is engaged with the latch, the protruding sections of the two self-locking fasteners 141 come into contact. When the discharge door 15 is opened, the unlocking buckle 32 passes between the protruding sections of the two self-locking fasteners 141. Specifically, the self-locking mechanisms 14 are comprised of two groups, with one group of self-locking mechanisms 14 disposed on opposite sides of the material transport box 1, and each group includes two self-locking mechanisms 14. The opposite outer sides of the two discharge doors 15 are hinged to the side of the material transport box 1, so that the two discharge doors 15 can be opened simultaneously from the middle, and the material is discharged from the middle of the material transport box 1.

[0039] Preferably, Figure 1 As shown, the lifting mechanism 2 includes a lifting plate 21, a first drive member 22, and a plurality of lifting guide rods 24. The lifting guide rods 24 are connected between the lifting plate 21 and the first drive member 22. The drive member is located above and connected to the lifting plate 21. The bottom of the lifting plate 21 is connected to the material transport box 1. Specifically, a mounting plate is provided at the bottom of the first drive member 22. The piston of the first drive member 22 passes through the mounting plate and connects to the material transport box 1. The lifting and lowering of the material transport box 1 is achieved by the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the first drive member 22. The bottom ends of the lifting guide rods 24 are connected to the top of the material transport box 1. The upper portions of the lifting guide rods 24 pass through the mounting plate. There are at least three lifting guide rods 24, and in this embodiment, there are four lifting guide rods 24. The four lifting guide rods 24 are located at the four corners of the material transport box 1 to ensure that the material transport box 1 is level and stable during lifting. The first drive member 22 can be a hydraulic or electric telescopic rod.

[0040] Preferably, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, support bases 11 are fixed to the sides of the material transport box 1 for connection to the lifting guide rods 24. These support bases 11 cooperate with the lifting mechanism 2 to move the discharge box 3, facilitating its transport. In this embodiment, the material transport box is rectangular, and four support bases 11 are provided, two on each opposing side. Fixing plates are provided on the sides of the material transport box 1 to secure the support bases 11, ensuring strength and stability.

[0041] Preferably, Figure 1As shown, the device also includes a moving mechanism, which includes a track 23, a moving wheel adapted to the track 23, and a second driving member. The moving wheel and the second driving member are installed at the bottom of the first driving member 22, and the second driving member drives the moving wheel to move on the track 23. The track 23 is located between the first driving member 22 and the lifting plate 21. Specifically, the moving wheel and the second driving member are installed at the bottom of the mounting plate. The second driving member drives the moving wheel to move on the track 23, thereby realizing the movement of the material transport box 1 and realizing the function of automatic material transport. In this embodiment, the number of the track 23 is two, and the number of the moving wheel and the second driving member are both two groups, and they are one-to-one matched with each track 23. The second driving member can be a motor.

[0042] Preferably, Figure 1 As shown, the side of the discharge box 3 is provided with a discharge port 34. An automatic spiral feeding rod can be provided in the discharge box 3, or the bottom surface of the discharge box 3 can be set to an inclined surface, so that the material in the discharge box 3 is discharged from the discharge port 34.

[0043] Preferably, a connecting pipe 35 for connecting to an external negative pressure dust collector is provided on the side of the discharge box 3, which can reduce dust pollution and optimize the construction environment.

[0044] Preferably, the top surface of the material transport box 1 is provided with a loading port 13, and a material box cover 131 is connected to the top surface of the material transport box 1 to cover the loading port 13. In this embodiment, there are two loading ports 13 and two material box covers 131, and the material box covers 131 are provided in a one-to-one correspondence with the loading ports 13. The material box covers 131 are connected to the top surface of the material transport box 1 via hinges. The loading port 13 facilitates the addition of materials into the material transport box 1, and the material box cover 131 can close the loading port 13, preventing dust from escaping and optimizing the on-site working environment.

[0045] Preferably, a pressure wheel 152 is mounted at the bottom of the discharge door 15 to cooperate with the closing stop rod 33. The pressure wheel 152 can roll along the closing stop rod 33, thereby reducing the friction between the discharge door 15 and the closing stop rod 33, making it easier to close the discharge door 15. The number of closing stop rods 33 and pressure wheels 152 corresponds, and the pressure wheels 152 are correspondingly arranged with the closing stop rod 33, both in the middle position.

[0046] Preferably, an adjustment mechanism 31 is provided on the side of the discharge box 3. The adjustment mechanism 31 can drive the door closing stopper 33 to move up and down, thereby automatically adjusting the opening of the discharge door 15. This facilitates adjusting the discharge speed for different materials and also reduces the occurrence of material sticking to the discharge door 15. The adjustment mechanism 31 can be an electric telescopic rod, one end of which is fixed to the discharge box 3 and the other end is fixed to the door closing stopper 33. The door closing stopper 33 is raised and lowered by extending and retracting the telescopic rod.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention also provides a unloading method using the self-unloading unloading and transporting device as described above, comprising the following steps: connecting the transport box 1 loaded with materials to the lifting mechanism 2; the lifting mechanism 2 drives the transport box 1 to move above the unloading box 3, and aligns the self-locking fastener 141 with the unlocking buckle 32; the transport box 1 is lowered by the lifting mechanism 2, and during the lowering process, the unlocking buckle 32 presses against the protruding section in the self-locking fastener 141, so that the slot is disengaged from the buckle pin 151, thereby opening the unloading door 15 to start unloading until unloading is completed; the transport box 1 is continued to be lowered by the lifting mechanism 2, and the door closing bar 33 is used to block the opened unloading door 15, and the unloading door 15 is gradually closed until it is closed in place, and the slot is stuck with the buckle pin 151; the transport box 1 is lifted by the lifting mechanism 2 and transported to the loading area.

[0048] Specifically, when transporting materials, the first driving member 22 raises the lifting plate 21, thereby driving the transport box 1 to rise, and moves along the track 23 to the top of the discharge box 3 and then stops moving. When unloading, the lifting plate 21 slowly lowers the transport box 1 vertically through the first driving member 22, and the transport box 1 will be slowly placed into the discharge box 3. When the self-locking mechanism 14 on the transport box 1 reaches the unlocking buckle 32 in the discharge box 3, the two sets of self-locking buckles 141 will rotate in opposite directions, thereby opening the double-open discharge door 15 and starting unloading. At this time, the lifting plate 21 will continue to drive the transport box 1 to descend. When the opened double-open discharge door 15 reaches the closing stop bar 33 in the discharge box 3, as it continues to descend, the double-open discharge door 15 will be gradually closed under the action of the closing stop bar 33. Finally, when the transport box 1 reaches the lowest position, the discharge door 15 is also closed synchronously. The lifting plate 21 drives the transport box 1 to rise, and after reaching the predetermined position, it is transported horizontally. Repeat the above steps again after reloading.

[0049] The self-unloading unloading and transporting device of the present invention automatically unloads the material throughout the whole process, without any other flipping or other door opening driving structure, and does not require manual operation by personnel. It has a simple structure and high reliability, and solves the technical problem of the difficulty of unloading the powder unloading box 3 in the prior art; the self-locking mechanism 14 has a simple structure and flexible movement, without any jamming or inability to open the door; it unloads from the bottom, and the unloading is more thorough and without residue; it is connected to a negative pressure dust collector, and the dust pollution is small, which optimizes the construction environment and avoids the generation of a large amount of dust, which is harmful to the health of surrounding operators.

[0050] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-unloading material transport device, characterized in that: include: A material transport box (1) is provided with a discharge door (15) at the bottom of the material transport box (1), the discharge door (15) is connected to the side plate of the material transport box (1) in a downwardly rotatable manner, the end of the discharge door (15) is provided with a buckle pin (151), and a self-locking mechanism (14) is provided on the side of the material transport box (1), the self-locking mechanism (14) includes a self-locking fastener (141) and an elastic member (142), the middle part of the self-locking fastener is rotatably connected to the material transport box ( 1), a slot for being clamped on the clamping pin (151) is provided at the lower part of the self-locking fastener, a first end of the elastic member (142) is fixed on the material transport box (1), and a second end of the elastic member (142) is fixed on the top end of the self-locking fastener, when the slot is clamped on the clamping pin (151), the elastic member (142) is in an extended state, and a protruding section is provided on the self-locking fastener at a position between the slot and the middle part of the self-locking fastener; A discharge box (3), wherein the top of the side plate of the discharge box (3) is rotated upward and connected to an unlocking buckle (32); when the discharge door (15) is opened, the unlocking buckle (32) contacts the protruding section, and the card slot is disengaged from the card buckle pin (151); a door blocking rod (33) is provided inside the discharge box (3); and the cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge box (3) is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the transport box (1); A lifting mechanism (2), the lifting mechanism (2) being connected to the top of the discharge box (3); The unlocking buckle (32) is connected to the top of the side plate of the discharge box (3) by adopting an axial rotation connection structure. A stopper (36) is also provided on the inner side of the side plate of the discharge box (3). The stopper (36) can limit the unlocking buckle (32) from rotating downward, thereby ensuring that when the protruding section of the self-locking fastener (141) is contacted, the groove and the buckle pin (151) can be smoothly unlocked. When the transport box (1) is lifted after unloading, the self-locking fastener (141) contacts the bottom of the unlocking buckle (32) and drives the unlocking buckle (32) to rotate, thereby avoiding unlocking the self-locking fastener (141) again.

2. The self-unloading material transporting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge door (15) is divided into two parts, the number of the buckle pins (151) is two and they are correspondingly arranged at the ends of the two discharge doors (15), the number of the self-locking mechanisms (14) is two, the two self-locking mechanisms (14) are arranged opposite to each other and are corresponding to the buckle pins (151), when the slot is locked in the buckle, the protruding sections of the two self-locking fasteners are in contact, and when the discharge door (15) is opened, the unlocking buckle (32) passes between the protruding sections of the two self-locking fasteners.

3. The self-unloading material transporting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (2) comprises a lifting plate (21), a first driving member (22) and a plurality of lifting guide rods (24), wherein the lifting guide rods (24) are connected between the lifting plate (21) and the first driving member (22), the first driving member is located above the lifting plate (21) and connected to the lifting plate (21), and the bottom of the lifting plate (21) is connected to the material transport box (1).

4. The self-unloading material transporting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A support seat (11) for connecting the lifting guide rod (24) is fixed on the side of the material transport box (1).

5. The self-unloading material transporting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The invention also includes a moving mechanism, which includes a track (23), a moving wheel adapted to the track (23), and a second driving member, wherein the moving wheel and the second driving member are installed at the bottom of the first driving member (22), and the second driving member drives the moving wheel to move on the track (23), and the track (23) is located between the first driving member (22) and the lifting plate (21).

6. The self-unloading material transporting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A discharge port (34) is provided on the side of the discharge box (3).

7. The self-unloading material transporting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting pipe (35) for connecting to an external negative pressure dust collector is provided on the side of the discharge box (3).

8. The self-unloading material transporting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the material transport box (1) is provided with a loading port (13), and the top surface of the material transport box (1) is connected to a material box cover (131) for covering the loading port (13).

9. The self-unloading material transporting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure wheel (152) is installed at the bottom of the discharge door (15) and is matched with the door closing stop rod (33).

10. A method for unloading materials using the self-unloading material transporting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: The material transport box (1) carrying the material is connected to the lifting mechanism (2); the lifting mechanism (2) drives the material transport box (1) to move above the discharge box (3), and aligns the self-locking fastener (141) with the unlocking fastener (32); The material transport box (1) is lowered by the lifting mechanism (2). During the lowering process, the unlocking buckle (32) presses against the protruding section of the self-locking buckle (141), so that the locking slot is disengaged from the buckle pin (151), thereby opening the discharge door (15) and starting to discharge the materials until the discharge is completed; The material transport box (1) is continuously lowered by the lifting mechanism (2), and the opened discharge door (15) is blocked by the door closing stop rod (33), and the discharge door (15) is gradually closed until it is fully closed and the latch pin (151) is locked by the latch slot; The material transport box (1) is lifted by a lifting mechanism (2) and transported to a loading location.

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