A biomass energy cogeneration and storage coupling system

Abstract

The present invention discloses a biomass energy cogeneration and storage coupling system, comprising a combustion furnace, a conversion device, a steam power generation component, and a heating device, wherein a combustion chamber is provided in the combustion furnace, the conversion device comprises a first heat exchange chamber and a second heat exchange chamber, the first heat exchange chamber is provided with a first heat exchange tube, the second heat exchange chamber is provided with a heat exchange plate, the heat exchange plate is provided with a cavity, and the cavity is connected to the first heat exchange tube; the steam power generation component comprises a coupled steam turbine and a generator for steam power generation, and the heating device is provided with a heating chamber, the heating chamber is provided with a heat storage medium, one end of the heating chamber is connected to the first heat exchange chamber, and the other end is connected to the air outlet. Thus, the present invention can couple multiple categories and sources of energy or heat sources, convert fluctuating green electricity or waste heat into thermal energy for storage, and then release the thermal energy stored in the thermal storage medium when energy is used to produce zero-carbon steam, thereby bridging the gap between intermittent energy and continuous demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biomass energy, and in particular to a biomass energy cogeneration and storage coupling system. Background Art

[0002] Biomass energy, as an important renewable energy source, is also internationally recognized as a zero-carbon renewable energy source, characterized by being green, low-carbon, and clean. Biomass resources come from a wide range of sources, including agricultural waste, wood and forest waste, municipal organic waste, algae biomass, and energy crops.

[0003] Biomass power generation technology is the second most important renewable energy power generation technology in the world after wind power generation. Moreover, my country's biomass resource production potential can reach 65 billion tons / year, equivalent to 3.3 billion tons of standard coal, which is more than three times the total annual fossil resource consumption. Therefore, using biomass power generation to replace coal can not only greatly alleviate the problem of energy shortage, but also significantly reduce carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide emissions, generating huge environmental benefits.

[0004] However, the widespread and relatively dispersed nature of biomass resources complicates their collection, transportation, and storage. Furthermore, compared to fossil fuels, biomass has a lower energy density per unit area, limiting the large-scale deployment of biomass power plants. Furthermore, the production of biomass feedstock is significantly affected by seasonality, leading to unstable energy supply. These factors significantly restrict the development of biomass power generation technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a biomass energy cogeneration and storage coupled system.

[0006] A biomass energy cogeneration and storage coupled system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

[0007] A combustion furnace, wherein a combustion chamber is provided in the combustion furnace, and an air outlet is provided on the side wall of the combustion chamber;

[0008] A conversion device, the conversion device comprising a first heat exchange chamber and a second heat exchange chamber, the first heat exchange chamber having a steam exhaust port at the top and communicating with the second heat exchange chamber at the bottom, a first heat exchange tube at the first heat exchange chamber, a plurality of first heat exchange tube arrays distributed within the first heat exchange chamber, the first heat exchange chamber communicating with the gas outlet, a liquid inlet at the side wall of the second heat exchange chamber, a heat exchange plate at the second heat exchange chamber, a cavity at one end of the cavity communicating with the liquid inlet and the other end communicating with the first heat exchange tube;

[0009] a steam power generation assembly, the steam power generation assembly comprising a steam turbine and a generator coupled together, the steam turbine being connected to the exhaust port so that steam drives the steam turbine to rotate and enables the generator to generate electricity; and

[0010] A heating device is provided with a heating chamber, a heat storage medium is provided in the heating chamber, one end of the heating chamber is connected to the first heat exchange chamber, and the other end is connected to the air outlet.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the heat exchange plate is spirally arranged in the second heat exchange chamber along the vertical direction, and the top of the heat exchange plate is close to the bottom of the first heat exchange chamber.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, at least one slideway is provided on the plate surface of the heat exchange plate, and the slideway is formed by the plate surface of the heat exchange plate being recessed into the cavity.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the method further comprises: a conveyor belt, wherein the conveyor belt is arranged below the second heat exchange chamber and is adjacent to the tail of the heat exchange plate.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a second heat exchange tube is further provided in the second heat exchange chamber, and the second heat exchange tube is spirally provided on the inner wall of the second heat exchange chamber.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the system further includes: an energy storage battery, the energy storage battery is electrically connected to the generator, the energy storage battery includes a shell, and the shell is connected to the second heat exchange tube.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the heat storage medium includes a shell and a phase changer, and the phase changer is disposed in the shell.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the system further comprises: a storage bin, one end of which is connected to the heating bin, and the other end of which is connected to the first heat exchange chamber.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the system further comprises a gasifier, wherein a pyrolysis gas outlet of the gasifier is in communication with the combustion chamber.

[0019] Beneficial effects:

[0020] The present invention can couple multiple types and sources of energy or heat, convert fluctuating green electricity or waste heat into thermal energy for storage, and then release the thermal energy stored in the heat storage medium when energy is needed to generate zero-carbon steam, thereby bridging the gap between intermittent energy and continuous demand.

[0021] Combining the biomass power plant system with heat storage and energy storage systems can realize the multifunctional comprehensive utilization of the biomass power plant, achieve the goals of peak and frequency regulation and stable power output, and is conducive to high-quality, sustainable and stable power generation of the biomass power plant.

[0022] The conversion device of this system can organically couple multiple systems, thereby fully converting and utilizing the heat in high-temperature flue gas and heat storage medium. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a biomass energy cogeneration and storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a conversion device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a heat exchange plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of a heat exchange plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Reference numerals:

[0029] 100. Biomass energy combined heat and power generation and storage coupling system;

[0030] 1. Combustion furnace; 11. Air outlet; 2. Conversion device; 21. First heat exchange chamber; 211. Steam exhaust port; 212. First heat exchange tube; 22. Second heat exchange chamber; 221. Liquid inlet; 222. Second heat exchange tube; 31. Steam turbine; 32. Generator; 4. Heat exchange plate; 41. Cavity; 42. Slide; 5. Heating device; 51. Heating chamber; 6. Conveyor belt; 7. Energy storage battery; 8. Storage chamber; 9. Gasification furnace. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments disclosed in this application. The description of the embodiments is actually only illustrative and exemplary and does not limit the present disclosure and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without carrying out creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure. In addition, the technologies, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant fields may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the specification.

[0032] Combine Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a biomass energy cogeneration and storage coupling system 100 of an embodiment of the present invention includes at least: a combustion furnace 1, a conversion device 2 and a steam power generation component, wherein a combustion chamber is provided in the combustion furnace 1, and an air outlet 11 is provided on the side wall of the combustion chamber, the conversion device 2 includes a first heat exchange chamber 21, and a steam exhaust port 211 is provided on the top of the first heat exchange chamber 21. A first heat exchange tube 212 is provided in the first heat exchange chamber 21, and a plurality of first heat exchange tubes 212 are distributed in an array in the first heat exchange chamber 21, which is conducive to increasing the heat exchange area between the hot air and the first heat exchange tube in a limited space to improve the heat exchange efficiency. The first heat exchange chamber 21 is connected to the air outlet 11, and the steam power generation component includes a coupled steam turbine 31 and a generator 32, and the steam turbine 31 is connected to the exhaust port 211 so that steam drives the steam turbine 31 to rotate and enables the generator 32 to generate electricity.

[0033] In addition, a heating bin 51 is provided in the heating device 5, and a heat storage medium is provided in the heating bin 51. One end of the heating bin 51 is connected to the first heat exchange chamber 21, and the other end is connected to the air outlet 11. At the same time, the conversion device 2 also includes a second heat exchange chamber 22, and the bottom of the first heat exchange chamber 21 is connected to the second heat exchange chamber 22. A liquid inlet 221 is provided on the side wall of the second heat exchange chamber 22. A heat exchange plate 4 is provided in the second heat exchange chamber 22, and a cavity 41 is provided in the heat exchange plate 4. One end of the cavity 41 is connected to the liquid inlet 221, and the other end is connected to the first heat exchange pipe 212.

[0034] Preferably, the system may further include a gasifier 9, wherein the pyrolysis gas outlet of the gasifier 9 is in communication with the combustion chamber.

[0035] During use, the biomass can be directly burned in the combustion furnace 1 to produce high-temperature gas, or the biomass can be gasified in the gasification furnace 9 to produce combustible gas, and then burned in the combustion furnace 1 to produce high-temperature gas, and then the high-temperature gas generated by the combustion furnace 1 is passed into the first heat exchange chamber 21. A large number of first heat exchange tubes 212 distributed in the first heat exchange chamber 21 can heat the water in the tube and eventually produce high-temperature steam. The high-temperature steam can drive the steam turbine 31 to work, thereby enabling the generator 32 to generate electricity.

[0036] Due to the seasonal and diurnal differences in the demand side of the power grid, there are large fluctuations in biomass power generation. In order to weaken this fluctuation, the system is also provided with an energy storage system, wherein the energy storage system includes an energy storage battery 7, which is electrically connected to the generator 32. When in use, the excess electric energy generated by the generator 32 can be stored in the energy storage battery 7, thereby achieving the goals of peak-shaving and frequency regulation and stable power output, which is conducive to high-quality, sustainable and stable power generation of the biomass power plant.

[0037] At the same time, the excess heat generated by the combustion furnace 1 can also be stored in the heat storage medium through the heating device 5, thereby achieving a heat storage effect. When needed, the heat storage medium enters and accumulates in the first heat exchange chamber 21. Then, the heat storage medium at the bottom gradually enters the second heat exchange chamber 22 and falls on the heat exchange plates 4. During this process, the water in the heat exchange plates 4 continuously exchanges heat with the heat storage medium. After the water in the heat exchange plates 4 heats up, it enters the first heat exchange tube 212 and continues to exchange heat with the heat storage medium and / or the high-temperature gas that has just entered the first heat exchange chamber 21, thereby converting the high-temperature water into water vapor.

[0038] It should be noted here that the heat of the heat storage medium in this system comes not only from the excess heat generated by the combustion furnace 1, but also from other energy sources, such as valley electricity heating, surplus electricity heating or fluctuating electricity heating, or heat recovered from waste heat.

[0039] Among them, when the heat comes from electric heating, the surplus electricity, valley electricity and fluctuating electricity can be converted into heat through electric heating, and then stored in a heat storage medium. Among them, fluctuating electricity includes at least solar photovoltaic, tidal power generation and wind power generation. These green electricity generated by new energy equipment are greatly affected by factors such as weather and seasons. After converting electrical energy into thermal energy, these unstable or intermittent energy sources can be stored by means of a heat storage medium, and energy conversion can be carried out when needed.

[0040] When the heat comes from waste heat recovery, the waste heat and waste heat generated in industrial production can be recovered, especially the high-grade waste heat and medium-grade waste heat, and the waste heat can be stored in a heat storage medium for energy conversion when needed.

[0041] Specifically, a sub-heating device 5 is constructed around the biomass power plant or at the biomass raw material production site, and then the excess electricity, excess heat or heat generated by biomass combustion is stored in a heat storage medium through the sub-heating device 5, and then the heat storage medium is transported to the coupling system for heat conversion. This not only avoids the thorny problems of biomass power plants such as insufficient storage space due to the dispersion of biomass resources, low energy density, and obvious seasonality, but also avoids the problem of competition for biomass raw material resources caused by the repeated construction of small and medium-sized biomass power plants in various places.

[0042] Therefore, the system of the present invention can couple multiple types and sources of energy or heat sources, convert fluctuating green electricity or waste heat into thermal energy for storage, and then release the thermal energy stored in the heat storage medium when energy is needed to generate zero-carbon steam, thereby bridging the gap between intermittent energy and continuous demand.

[0043] It should also be noted that the above-mentioned heat storage medium can adopt a core-shell heat storage capsule, which includes a shell and a phase changer. The phase changer is arranged in the shell, wherein the shell is preferably an alumina shell, which has high hardness and thermal conductivity, good stability, high temperature resistance, wear resistance and other characteristics; the phase changer is preferably an Al-Si phase changer, because the phase change temperature of Al-Si is 577°C, and Al-Si also has the characteristics of high thermal conductivity, low density and high heat storage density, which is conducive to absorbing medium and high quality heat.

[0044] In addition, as an alternative to the internal phase change material of the heat storage capsule, lithium nitrate can be used as the phase change material. The phase change temperature of lithium nitrate is 252°C. Lithium nitrate has a high phase change enthalpy value and can store a large amount of heat. Lithium nitrate also has good thermal stability and chemical stability. At the same time, stainless steel can be used as the shell material of the heat storage capsule. Stainless steel has good high-temperature strength, excellent corrosion resistance, good thermal conductivity and good processing performance, which is beneficial to improving the service life of the heat storage capsule, thereby facilitating the absorption of medium and low-grade heat.

[0045] Therefore, the design of the core-shell phase change heat storage capsule can not only store a larger calorific value, but also ensure the stability of the heat storage capsule, improve the hardness and wear resistance of the heat storage capsule, and thus help to increase the cycle service life.

[0046] Furthermore, based on the above embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the heat exchange plate 4 is spirally arranged in the second heat exchange chamber 22 along the vertical direction, and the top of the heat exchange plate 4 is close to the bottom of the first heat exchange chamber 21. When in use, the heat storage medium can spirally descend along the upper plate surface of the heat exchange plate 4 while also exchanging heat with the heat exchange plate 4, thereby increasing the temperature of the water in the heat exchange plate 4. Specifically, in the process of the heat storage medium sliding down along the heat exchange plate 4, the heat storage medium can not only produce a heat conduction effect with the plate surface in direct contact, but also produce a heat radiation effect on the plate surface above, which is equivalent to simultaneously exchanging heat between the upper and lower plate surfaces of the heat exchange plate 4, thereby fully improving the heat exchange efficiency between the heat storage medium and the heat exchange plate 4, and is more conducive to the rapid heating of cold water or room temperature water in the heat exchange plate 4 to high temperature water, or even water vapor.

[0047] Preferably, if Figure 4As shown, at least one slide 42 is provided on the plate surface of the heat exchange plate 4, and the slide 42 is formed by the plate surface of the heat exchange plate 4 being recessed into the cavity 41. The size of the slide 42 is similar to the size of the heat storage medium. In this way, when the heat storage medium slides down the slide 42, the design of the recessed structure can not only increase the contact area between the heat storage medium and the heat exchange plate 4 and improve the heat exchange efficiency, but also make part of the heat storage medium form a state of front-to-back arrangement, thereby slowing down the sliding speed of the heat storage medium, so as to improve the heat exchange adequacy between the heat storage medium and the heat exchange plate 4.

[0048] Furthermore, in some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the biomass energy cogeneration and storage coupling system also includes a conveyor belt 6, which is arranged below the second heat exchange chamber 22 and adjacent to the tail of the heat exchange plate 4. When in use, after the heat storage medium has fully exchanged heat with the heat exchange plate 4 in the second heat exchange chamber 22, it will fall and accumulate on the conveyor belt 6. When the conveyor belt 6 moves to one side, the conveyor belt 6 will drive the bottom several layers of heat storage medium to leave the second heat exchange chamber 22. In this way, the provision of the conveyor belt 6 can not only replace manual operation and improve work efficiency, but also control the discharge speed of the heat storage medium by controlling the rotation speed of the conveyor belt 6, thereby controlling the heat exchange time of the heat storage medium in the second heat exchange chamber 22, and also controlling the heat exchange time of the heat storage medium in the first heat exchange chamber 21. As a result, it is more conducive to improving the sufficiency of the heat storage medium during heat exchange.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, a second heat exchange tube 222 is further provided in the second heat exchange chamber 22. The second heat exchange tube 222 is spirally arranged on the inner wall of the second heat exchange chamber 22. Since the heat storage medium continuously exchanges heat with the heat exchange plate 4, part of the heat will be radiated into the entire second heat exchange chamber 22. Therefore, the second heat exchange tube 222 is arranged in the second heat exchange chamber 22 to recover the part of the radiated heat, thereby reducing the loss of the heat storage medium during heat exchange and fully improving the conversion rate of the conversion device 2.

[0050] Furthermore, the energy storage battery 7 includes a shell, which is connected to the second heat exchange tube 222, so that the heat recovered through the second heat exchange tube 222 can be used for heating and keeping the energy storage battery warm in winter. Specifically, in order to achieve the goals of peak-shaving and frequency regulation and stable power output, the biomass power plant will build a supporting lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage system. Moreover, the lithium iron phosphate battery has a high operating voltage, a long cycle life, and good safety performance. It has broad development prospects in the fields of new energy and energy storage. However, the performance of the lithium iron phosphate battery is poor in low temperature environments, especially the charging and discharging performance will be significantly affected by the low temperature environment. In the existing technology, the battery temperature is usually increased by PTC heating, but this method will increase the energy consumption and cost of the system.

[0051] Therefore, by recovering the waste heat at the conversion device 2 and using it in the energy storage battery, not only can the energy utilization efficiency be improved, but also the problem of poor charging and discharging performance of the lithium iron phosphate battery in a low temperature environment can be solved.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the biomass energy cogeneration and storage coupling system also includes a storage bin 8, wherein one end of the storage bin 8 is connected to the heating bin 51, and the other end is connected to the first heat exchange chamber 21. In this way, under normal circumstances, the heat storage medium can be temporarily stored in the storage bin, which is convenient for regulating the speed at which the heat storage medium enters the first heat exchange chamber 21; at the same time, when the heat of the combustion furnace 1 is too large, the heat storage medium can be stored in the storage bin 8 after being heated and stored in the heating bin 51, and the storage bin 8 and the heating device 5 can be easily disassembled, which is conducive to replacing different storage bins 8 for storage.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0054] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0055] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A biomass energy cogeneration and storage coupled system, characterized in that: include: A combustion furnace, wherein a combustion chamber is provided in the combustion furnace, and an air outlet is provided on the side wall of the combustion chamber; a conversion device, the conversion device comprising a first heat exchange chamber and a second heat exchange chamber, the first heat exchange chamber being provided with a steam exhaust port on the top and communicating with the second heat exchange chamber on the bottom, a first heat exchange tube being provided in the first heat exchange chamber, a plurality of first heat exchange tube arrays being distributed in the first heat exchange chamber, the first heat exchange chamber being communicated with the gas outlet; a liquid inlet being provided on the side wall of the second heat exchange chamber, a heat exchange plate being provided in the second heat exchange chamber, a cavity being provided in the heat exchange plate, one end of the cavity being communicated with the liquid inlet, and the other end being communicated with the first heat exchange tube; the heat exchange plate being spirally arranged in the second heat exchange chamber along the vertical direction, the top of the heat exchange plate being close to the bottom of the first heat exchange chamber, at least one slide being provided on the plate surface of the heat exchange plate, the slide being formed by the plate surface of the heat exchange plate being recessed into the cavity; a steam power generation assembly, the steam power generation assembly comprising a steam turbine and a generator coupled together, the steam turbine being connected to the exhaust port so that steam drives the steam turbine to rotate and enables the generator to generate electricity; and A heating device is provided with a heating chamber, a heat storage medium is provided in the heating chamber, one end of the heating chamber is connected to the first heat exchange chamber, and the other end is connected to the air outlet.

2. The biomass energy cogeneration and storage coupled system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A conveyor belt is provided below the second heat exchange chamber and is adjacent to the tail of the heat exchange plate.

3. The biomass energy cogeneration and storage coupled system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second heat exchange tube is further provided in the second heat exchange chamber. The second heat exchange tube is spirally provided on the inner wall of the second heat exchange chamber.

4. The biomass energy cogeneration and storage coupled system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: An energy storage battery is electrically connected to the generator, and the energy storage battery includes a shell, which is communicated with the second heat exchange tube.

5. The biomass energy combined heat and power generation and storage coupling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat storage medium includes a shell and a phase changer, and the phase changer is arranged in the shell.

6. The biomass energy combined heat and power generation and storage coupling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A storage bin, one end of which is connected to the heating bin, and the other end of which is connected to the first heat exchange chamber.

7. The biomass energy combined heat and power generation and storage coupling system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A gasifier, wherein the pyrolysis gas outlet of the gasifier is connected to the combustion chamber.

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