A PON gateway fault self-detection method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a PON gateway fault self-checking method and system, the method comprising the following steps: realizing detection of the PON gateway; establishing a statistical line graph of data information; comparing a distance difference with a packet loss threshold; predicting subsequent use failures of the gateway; and alarming of PON gateway failures; the system comprises a monitoring module, a self-checking module, a data processing module, a diagnosis module, an alarm module and a report generating module; the invention facilitates improving the fault detection accuracy of the gateway by performing multiple tests on the PON gateway, detects the loss of data transmission, can automatically start a self-checking program in the event of data loss, completes the detection of the PON gateway, facilitates understanding of the fault through visual data display, can predict based on data loss, improves the use performance of the PON gateway, reduces maintenance costs and technical requirements, and reduces operating costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of network management security detection, and in particular to a PON gateway fault self-detection method and system. Background Art

[0002] Passive optical network (PON) is a fiber access technology that transmits fiber signals from the service provider's central equipment to the user terminal through a passive optical distribution network. Its basic architecture includes an optical line terminal (OLT), an optical distribution network (ODN) and multiple optical network units (ONU). The advantage of PON is that it does not require power equipment, reduces maintenance costs, and can support multiple users to share bandwidth, achieving efficient broadband access. It is widely used in residential and enterprise networks.

[0003] PON is a single-fiber bidirectional optical access network with a point-to-multipoint (P2MP) structure. The PON system consists of an optical line terminal (OLT) at the central office, an optical distribution network (ODN) and an optical network unit (ONU) at the user side. It is a single-fiber bidirectional system. In the downstream direction (OLT to ONU), the signal sent by the OLT reaches each ONU through the ODN. In the upstream direction (ONU to OLT), the signal sent by the ONU will only reach the OLT and not other ONUs. In order to avoid data conflicts and improve network efficiency, the upstream direction adopts TDMA multiple access and manages the data transmission of each ONU. ODN provides an optical channel between the OLT and the ONU.

[0004] PON gateway failure usually refers to the failure of the gateway device to work properly in the passive optical network, which may cause service interruption. Common failures include: optical signal loss: fiber connection problem or equipment failure; equipment overheating: cooling system failure or excessive ambient temperature; power failure: power outage or instability; configuration error: improper network parameter settings.

[0005] The impact of PON gateway failure on data transmission is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0006] Data loss: Failures may cause data packets to fail to reach user terminals, resulting in information loss;

[0007] Connectivity disruptions: Users may experience network disconnections, impacting online activities and service availability;

[0008] Degraded service quality: Even if some data can be transmitted, delays and packet loss will lead to a degraded user experience and affect application performance;

[0009] Increased maintenance costs: Frequent failures require more maintenance and technical support, increasing operating costs.

[0010] When analyzing and calculating data loss, many monitoring technologies are unable to detect faults immediately, resulting in prolonged data loss. Most technologies focus on post-failure processing and lack effective prevention mechanisms. In addition, large amounts of transmitted data are inefficient when being analyzed and calculated, making it impossible to achieve rapid analysis and processing, and unable to predict faults.

[0011] Currently, no effective solution has been proposed for the problems in the related technologies. Summary of the invention

[0012] In view of the problems in the related art, the present invention proposes a PON gateway fault self-detection method and system to overcome the above technical problems existing in the existing related art.

[0013] To this end, the specific technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0014] A PON gateway fault self-detection method comprises the following steps:

[0015] When the device is started, it can monitor the connection status, detect data transmission errors and perform hardware self-test on the PON gateway. It can also compare the thresholds of the connection status monitoring and hardware self-test results, and calculate and analyze the data information of data transmission error detection.

[0016] The data information of data transmission error detection is counted by using a statistical algorithm, and a statistical line graph of the data information is established based on the statistical results;

[0017] According to the generation of the statistical line graph, the outliers in the collected data information are calculated, and the distance difference between the outliers and the mean in the data information is calculated, and the distance difference is compared with the packet loss threshold;

[0018] By comparing the distance difference with the packet loss threshold, the subsequent use failure prediction of the PON gateway is carried out, showing the trend of data information of data transmission error detection over time, helping to identify the increase or decrease of the probability of PON gateway failure;

[0019] PON gateway fault alarm: after the PON gateway fault self-check, the collected data information, the comparison results after analysis and processing, and the PON gateway fault probability are printed into a report and uploaded through the communication module;

[0020] The steps of calculating and analyzing the data information of the data transmission error detection are as follows:

[0021] Clean and organize data information to remove duplicate and erroneous values;

[0022] Use descriptive statistics to summarize data characteristics, including mean, median, and variance;

[0023] Inferential statistics, analyzing data information using hypothesis testing and confidence intervals;

[0024] Use charts to display analysis results and help understand data information, including bar charts, pie charts, and line charts;

[0025] The mean is calculated as follows:

[0026]

[0027] Among them, y p is the calculated mean value of data information, w i is the weight of each data information, the latest data has a greater weight, x i is the data information in the time series, ε is the noise error, θ is the moving average coefficient of the weight, α is the smoothing factor, and 0<α<1; n is the total number of data information;

[0028] The formula for calculating variance is as follows:

[0029] The variance calculation is performed on the updated data information, and the total number is N=n+1;

[0030] The mean is Among them, y' p is the mean after updating the data information, y p is the mean of the existing data information, S'=S+(x-ε-y p )(x-ε-y' p ), where S' is the variance after updating the data information, and S is the variance of the existing data information;

[0031] The final variance calculation formula is as follows:

[0032]

[0033] The calculation formula of the outlier value is as follows:

[0034] According to the mean y p and standard deviation σ determine the threshold of outliers,

[0035] And the standard deviation σ is calculated as follows:

[0036] The specific calculation formula is as follows: x'≤y p -3σ,x'≥y p +3σ, and x' is the determined outlier after comparison;

[0037] The calculation formula for the distance difference between the outlier and the mean is as follows:

[0038] d=w i |x'-y p |,

[0039] Where d is the calculated distance difference between the outlier and the mean;

[0040] The packet loss threshold is set to 3, and d≤3 indicates that the data information loss is within the error range. If d>3, it indicates that the data information loss is large and there is a PON gateway failure.

[0041] Failure prediction of the PON gateway:

[0042]

[0043] in, is the predicted value at the current moment, which is calculated based on the historical distance difference and the corresponding weight, m ​​is the total number of historical distance differences, d t The actual distance difference at the current moment is the most recently collected distance difference, d t-j The distance difference from the jth history at the current time t, w j The weight of the j-th historical distance difference. As time goes by, the weight of the earlier distance difference gradually decreases;

[0044] Adaptively update weights;

[0045]

[0046] Among them, the β attenuation factor controls the degree of influence of historical data on the current prediction. The value is between 0 and 1. A larger β makes the most recent data points more weighted;

[0047] By predicting the distance difference d of subsequent data, the use failure of the PON gateway is predicted.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment, the connection status monitoring, data transmission error detection and hardware self-checking of the PON gateway include:

[0049] The connection status monitoring is used to check the connection between the PON gateway and the OLT;

[0050] The data transmission error detection is performed by monitoring the loss rate and error rate of data packets collected by the PON gateway;

[0051] The hardware self-check is used to check the CPU, memory and storage, and detect the temperature, voltage and current of the hardware device through sensors.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment, the connection status monitoring also includes monitoring the optical signal strength, specifically:

[0053] Obtain link status information through SNMP, find OIDs related to link status, use SNMP tools in the command line to obtain information, check the returned results, and understand the current status of the link;

[0054] Monitor the intensity of the optical signal and set the threshold value of the intensity of the optical signal respectively;

[0055] By comparing with the set threshold, when it exceeds the threshold, a fault alarm is triggered and the link quality is judged;

[0056] The threshold of the optical signal strength setting is between -20dBm and -28dBm. If the optical signal strength is lower than -30dB, it means the signal is too weak.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment, the connection status monitoring also includes delay monitoring, specifically:

[0058] Obtain link status information through SNMP, find OIDs related to link status, use SNMP tools in the command line to obtain information, check the returned results, and understand the current status of the link;

[0059] Monitor delays and set delay thresholds respectively;

[0060] By comparing with the set threshold, when it exceeds the threshold, a fault alarm is triggered and the link quality is judged;

[0061] The threshold for delay setting is within 10 milliseconds, and a delay exceeding 20 milliseconds is considered high.

[0062] As a preferred embodiment, the steps of data transmission error detection are as follows:

[0063] Encode the transmitted data packets using error detection codes;

[0064] The encoded data packet is sent to the receiving end through the network; the receiving end obtains the transmitted data and saves it as a receiving buffer;

[0065] The receiving end performs corresponding error detection calculations on the received data packets;

[0066] The calculated result is compared with the received error detection code to determine whether an error has occurred.

[0067] As a preferred embodiment, the steps of the hardware self-check are as follows:

[0068] When the device is turned on, the system will automatically run the self-test program;

[0069] The self-test program is used to check whether the CPU is working properly and test the read and write capabilities and capacity of the memory;

[0070] Check storage devices to verify the connection status and health of hard drives or SSDs;

[0071] And the equipment is tested at intervals through temperature sensors, voltage collection circuits and current collection circuits, and the time for the interval test is 3 hours;

[0072] And the temperature threshold is set from 0℃ to 80℃;

[0073] The voltage threshold is set within ±13% of the rated voltage of the equipment;

[0074] The current threshold is set to 110%-150% of the rated value as the overload protection point.

[0075] A PON gateway fault self-checking system includes a monitoring module, a self-checking module, a data processing module, a diagnosis module, an alarm module and a report generating module;

[0076] The monitoring module includes connection status monitoring, data transmission error detection and hardware self-test, which respectively realize the connection status of OLT, data packet loss rate and error rate, temperature, voltage and current of CPU, memory, storage and hardware equipment, and the temperature, voltage and current are detected by sensors, including temperature sensors, voltage acquisition circuits and current acquisition circuits, and the monitoring of CPU, memory and storage is detected by self-test programs, and self-test is performed when the equipment is started;

[0077] The self-check module is used to start the monitoring module to detect the device when there is a loss rate and error rate in data transmission during the operation of the device;

[0078] The data processing module is used to store and analyze the data information, including cleaning, converting, filtering and gaining the data information;

[0079] The diagnostic module is used to compare the data information according to the set thresholds after the data processing module processes the data information, and determine whether there is a PON gateway fault; and perform in-depth analysis and processing on the data information, establish a line graph through a statistical algorithm, obtain the abnormal value of the data information through the line graph, calculate the distance difference between the abnormal value and the mean, and compare the distance difference with the packet loss threshold to determine whether there is a data transmission loss fault, and finally predict the subsequent use fault of the PON gateway through the calculation result between the distance difference and the threshold, so as to facilitate the prediction of whether the PON gateway will fail in the subsequent use;

[0080] The alarm module is used to notify the administrator via SMS, email or network when a fault is detected;

[0081] The report generation module generates a report based on the collected data information and the results of the calculation processing, displays the data through charts and graphs, and supports exporting the report to PDF and Excel formats.

[0082] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0083] 1. The present invention performs connection status monitoring, data transmission error detection and hardware self-check on the PON gateway, and sets a threshold value. After the detection result is processed, if the threshold value is exceeded, it is determined that the PON gateway has a fault, and an alarm is issued, which is convenient for repairing the PON gateway. A report has been generated and stored, which is convenient for understanding the fault of the PON gateway, and for subsequent review and comparative analysis;

[0084] 2. When the present invention is used, the data information of the data transmission error detection of the data packet transmitted by the PON gateway is calculated and analyzed. In order to improve the visualization of the data, a statistical line graph is established for the data information of the data transmission error detection. By generating the statistical line graph, it is easy to understand the data information of the data transmission error detection, and the trend of the data information of the data transmission error detection can be clearly seen, which is convenient for predicting the PON gateway failure;

[0085] 3. When the present invention is used, the abnormal data is detected according to the statistical line graph, the abnormal value in the data information of the data transmission error detection obtained by the existing collection is obtained, and the abnormal value in the data information of the data transmission error detection is calculated, and the distance difference between the abnormal value and the mean of the data information of the data transmission error detection is measured, and the distance difference is compared with the packet loss threshold. It is determined whether the calculated distance data exceeds the packet loss threshold, and the packet loss threshold is set to 3, and d≤3 indicates that the loss of data information is within the error range. If d>3, it indicates that the loss of data information is large, and there is a PON gateway failure;

[0086] 4. When the present invention is used, the calculation result between the distance difference and the threshold is used to predict the subsequent use failure of the PON gateway, which can clearly display the trend of data information of data transmission error detection over time, help identify the increase or decrease of the probability of PON gateway failure, and predict the distance difference d of subsequent data by introducing the distance difference d between the abnormal value and the mean, so as to predict the use failure of the PON gateway;

[0087] 5. When the present invention is used, in order to reduce errors, a noise error factor is introduced in the calculation to eliminate the influence of noise and improve the accuracy of data. The fault is predicted in time through historical data, and adaptive update of weights is introduced to control the influence of historical data on the current prediction. The influence of possible errors on the weights is eliminated through noise errors, the accuracy of weight calculation is improved, the reliability of prediction results is maintained, and the PON gateway is repaired in advance;

[0088] The present invention performs multiple tests on the PON gateway, thereby facilitating the improvement of the fault detection accuracy of the PON gateway, especially the detection of data transmission loss. In the event of data loss, the present invention can automatically start a self-test program to complete the detection of the PON gateway, thereby achieving early maintenance and reducing economic losses. In addition, for data loss, visual data display is used to facilitate the understanding of the fault, and based on the calculation of abnormal values ​​and average values, it can be determined whether the data loss is caused by the fault, thereby eliminating errors. In addition, the present invention can make predictions based on the data of data loss, thereby performing early maintenance on the fault of the PON gateway, improving the use performance of the PON gateway, reducing maintenance costs and technical requirements, and reducing operating costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0089] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0090] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of the steps of a PON gateway fault self-detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0091] Figure 2 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a PON gateway fault self-checking system according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0092] To further illustrate each embodiment, the present invention provides drawings, which are part of the disclosure of the present invention and are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments and can be used in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principles of the embodiments. With reference to these contents, ordinary technicians in the field should be able to understand other possible implementations and advantages of the present invention. The components in the figures are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are generally used to represent similar components.

[0093] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a PON gateway fault self-detection method and system are provided.

[0094] The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Figure 1 As shown, a PON gateway fault self-detection method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0095] Step 1: When the equipment is started, the connection status monitoring, data transmission error detection and hardware self-test of the PON gateway are realized, and the threshold comparison is performed on the results of the connection status monitoring and hardware self-test, and the data information of the data transmission error detection is calculated and analyzed;

[0096] It should be noted that for the detection of the PON gateway, multiple detections are implemented to accurately determine the fault problem, and the data information of the data transmission error detection is fully calculated and processed. When in use, multiple detections are started according to the results of the calculation of the data information of the data transmission error detection, and then the PON gateway is detected and processed;

[0097] The connection status monitoring, data transmission error detection and hardware self-checking of the PON gateway include:

[0098] The connection status monitoring is used to check the connection between the PON gateway and the OLT;

[0099] The data transmission error detection is performed by monitoring the loss rate and error rate of data packets collected by the PON gateway;

[0100] The hardware self-check is used to check the CPU, memory and storage, and detect the temperature, voltage and current of the hardware device through sensors;

[0101] It should be noted that the connection status detection of the PON gateway can maintain the stability of the network, the optical power level detection can maintain the stability of network data transmission, and the data transmission error detection can improve the accuracy of data transmission and prevent data loss. The hardware detection can prevent the failure of the PON gateway due to the stability of the equipment.

[0102] Specifically, the connection status monitoring also includes monitoring the optical signal strength, specifically:

[0103] Obtain link status information through SNMP, find OIDs related to link status, use SNMP tools in the command line to obtain information, check the returned results, and understand the current status of the link;

[0104] Monitor the intensity of the optical signal and set the threshold value of the intensity of the optical signal respectively;

[0105] By comparing with the set threshold, when it exceeds the threshold, a fault alarm is triggered and the link quality is judged;

[0106] The threshold of the optical signal strength setting is between -20dBm and -28dBm. If the optical signal strength is lower than -30dB, it means the signal is too weak.

[0107] Specifically, the connection status monitoring also includes delay monitoring, specifically:

[0108] Obtain link status information through SNMP, find OIDs related to link status, use SNMP tools in the command line to obtain information, check the returned results, and understand the current status of the link;

[0109] Monitor delays and set delay thresholds respectively;

[0110] By comparing with the set threshold, when it exceeds the threshold, a fault alarm is triggered and the link quality is judged;

[0111] The threshold for delay setting is within 10 milliseconds, and a delay exceeding 20 milliseconds is considered high delay;

[0112] It should be noted that by monitoring the connection status to ensure network connectivity, and determining the fault of the PON gateway based on the optical signal strength and delay, a stable connection can be achieved;

[0113] The steps of data transmission error detection are as follows:

[0114] Encode the transmitted data packets using error detection codes such as parity check, CRC and hash;

[0115] The encoded data packet is sent to the receiving end through the network; the receiving end obtains the transmitted data and saves it as a receiving buffer;

[0116] The receiving end performs corresponding error detection calculations on the received data packets, such as recalculating CRC or checking;

[0117] Compare the calculated result with the received error detection code to determine whether an error has occurred;

[0118] It should be noted that data packets are detected to prevent loss or error during transmission, thereby improving the accuracy of data transmission.

[0119] The steps of the hardware self-test are as follows:

[0120] When the device is turned on, the system will automatically run the self-test program;

[0121] The self-test program is used to check whether the CPU is working properly and test the read and write capabilities and capacity of the memory;

[0122] Check storage devices to verify the connection status and health of hard drives or SSDs;

[0123] And the equipment is tested at intervals through temperature sensors, voltage collection circuits and current collection circuits, and the time for the interval test is 3 hours;

[0124] And the temperature threshold is set from 0℃ to 80℃;

[0125] The voltage threshold is set within ±13% of the rated voltage of the equipment;

[0126] The current threshold is set to 110%-150% of the rated value as the overload protection point;

[0127] It should be noted that the hardware of the device is tested to prevent the device from being damaged due to excessive temperature, high voltage or high current, and the CPU and hard disk or SSD are tested to maintain the normal operation of the device and the normality of storage and reading.

[0128] Step 2: Statistic the data information of data transmission error detection through a statistical algorithm, and establish a statistical line graph of the data information according to the statistical results;

[0129] The steps of calculating and analyzing the data transmission error detection are as follows:

[0130] Clean and organize data information to remove duplicate and erroneous values;

[0131] Use descriptive statistics to summarize data characteristics, including mean, median, and variance;

[0132] Inferential statistics, analyzing data information using hypothesis testing and confidence intervals;

[0133] Use charts to display analysis results and help understand data information, including bar charts, pie charts, and line charts;

[0134] The mean is calculated as follows:

[0135]

[0136] Among them, y p is the calculated mean value of data information, w i is the weight of each data information, the latest data has a greater weight, x i is the data information in the time series, ε is the noise error, θ is the moving average coefficient of the weight, α is the smoothing factor, and 0<α<1; n is the total number of data information;

[0137] The formula for calculating variance is as follows:

[0138] The variance calculation is performed on the updated data information, and the total number is N=n+1;

[0139] The mean is Among them, y' p is the mean after updating the data information, y p is the mean of the existing data information, S'=S+(x-ε-y p )(x-ε-y' p ), where S' is the variance after updating the data information, and S is the variance of the existing data information;

[0140] The final variance calculation formula is as follows:

[0141]

[0142] It should be noted that the data information of data transmission error detection is processed and analyzed, and a statistical line graph is established for the data information of data transmission error detection. Through the generation of the statistical line graph, it is convenient to understand the data information of data transmission error detection, and the trend of the data information of data transmission error detection can be clearly seen, which is convenient for predicting PON gateway failures.

[0143] Step 3: According to the generation of the statistical line graph, calculate the outliers in the collected data information, calculate the distance difference between the outliers and the mean in the data information, and compare the distance difference with the packet loss threshold;

[0144] The calculation formula of the outlier value is as follows:

[0145] According to the mean y p and standard deviation σ determine the threshold of outliers,

[0146] And the standard deviation σ is calculated as follows:

[0147] The specific calculation formula is as follows: x'≤y p -3σ,x'≥y p +3σ, and x' is the determined outlier after comparison;

[0148] The calculation formula for the distance difference between the outlier and the mean is as follows:

[0149] d=w i |x'-y p |,

[0150] Where d is the calculated distance difference between the outlier and the mean;

[0151] The packet loss threshold is set to 3, and d≤3 indicates that the data information loss is within the error range. If d>3, it indicates that the data information loss is large and there is a PON gateway failure.

[0152] It should be noted that the subsequent use failure of the PON gateway can be predicted through the calculation result between the distance difference and the threshold, which can clearly show the trend of the data information of data transmission error detection over time and help identify the increase or decrease of the probability of PON gateway failure;

[0153] Step 4: By comparing the distance difference with the packet loss threshold, the subsequent use failure of the PON gateway is predicted, and the trend of the data information of data transmission error detection over time is displayed to help identify the increase or decrease of the probability of PON gateway failure;

[0154] Failure prediction of the PON gateway:

[0155]

[0156] in, is the predicted value at the current moment, which is calculated based on the historical distance difference and the corresponding weight, m ​​is the total number of historical distance differences, d t The actual distance difference at the current moment is the most recently collected distance difference, d t-j The distance difference from the jth history at the current time t, w j The weight of the j-th historical distance difference. As time goes by, the weight of the earlier distance difference gradually decreases;

[0157] Adaptively update weights;

[0158]

[0159] Among them, the β attenuation factor controls the degree of influence of historical data on the current prediction. The value is between 0 and 1. A larger β makes the most recent data points more weighted;

[0160] By predicting the distance difference d of subsequent data, the use failure of the PON gateway is predicted;

[0161] It should be noted that the processed data facilitates the prediction of PON gateway failures, and by introducing the distance difference d between the abnormal value and the mean value, the distance difference d of subsequent data is predicted to predict the use failure of the PON gateway.

[0162] Step 5: PON gateway fault alarm. After the PON gateway fault self-check, the collected data information, the comparison results after analysis and processing, and the PON gateway fault probability are printed into a report and uploaded through the communication module;

[0163] It should be noted that when a fault is detected, the administrator will be notified via SMS, email or the Internet; the collected data information and the results of the calculation processing will be used to generate a report, and the data will be displayed through charts and graphs to make the report easier to understand. The report can be exported to PDF and Excel formats for easy archiving and sharing, and the generated report can be saved for subsequent review and comparative analysis.

[0164] A PON gateway fault self-checking system includes a monitoring module, a self-checking module, a data processing module, a diagnosis module, an alarm module and a report generating module;

[0165] The monitoring module includes connection status monitoring, data transmission error detection and hardware self-test, which respectively realize the connection status of OLT, data packet loss rate and error rate, temperature, voltage and current of CPU, memory, storage and hardware equipment, and the temperature, voltage and current are detected by sensors, including temperature sensors, voltage acquisition circuits and current acquisition circuits, and the monitoring of CPU, memory and storage is detected by self-test programs, and self-test is performed when the equipment is started;

[0166] The self-check module is used to start the monitoring module to detect the device when there is a loss rate and error rate in data transmission during the operation of the device;

[0167] The data processing module is used to store and analyze the data information, including cleaning, converting, filtering and gaining the data information;

[0168] The diagnostic module is used to compare the data information according to the set thresholds after the data processing module processes the data information, and determine whether there is a PON gateway fault; and perform in-depth analysis and processing on the data information, establish a line graph through a statistical algorithm, obtain the abnormal value of the data information through the line graph, calculate the distance difference between the abnormal value and the mean, and compare the distance difference with the packet loss threshold to determine whether there is a data transmission loss fault, and finally predict the subsequent use fault of the PON gateway through the calculation result between the distance difference and the threshold, so as to facilitate the prediction of whether the PON gateway will fail in the subsequent use;

[0169] The alarm module is used to notify the administrator via SMS, email or network when a fault is detected;

[0170] The report generation module generates a report based on the collected data information and the results of the calculation processing, and displays the data through charts and graphs to make the report easier to understand. It supports exporting the report to PDF and Excel formats for easy archiving and sharing, and saves the generated report for subsequent reference and comparative analysis.

[0171] In summary, the present invention facilitates improving the fault detection accuracy of the PON gateway by performing multiple tests on the PON gateway, especially detecting the loss of data transmission. In the event of data loss, the self-test program can be automatically started to complete the detection of the PON gateway, thereby achieving early maintenance and reducing economic losses. In addition, for data loss, visual data display is used to facilitate understanding of the fault, and based on the calculation of abnormal values ​​and means, it can be determined whether the data loss is caused by the fault and eliminate errors. In addition, predictions can be made based on the data of data loss to repair the fault of the PON gateway in advance, thereby improving the performance of the PON gateway, reducing maintenance costs and technical requirements, and reducing operating costs.

[0172] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A PON gateway fault self-detection method, characterized in that: The following steps are included: When the device is started, it can monitor the connection status, detect data transmission errors and perform hardware self-test on the PON gateway. It can also compare the thresholds of the connection status monitoring and hardware self-test results, and calculate and analyze the data information of data transmission error detection. The data information of data transmission error detection is counted by using a statistical algorithm, and a statistical line graph of the data information is established based on the statistical results; According to the generation of the statistical line graph, the outliers in the collected data information are calculated, and the distance difference between the outliers and the mean in the data information is calculated, and the distance difference is compared with the packet loss threshold; By comparing the distance difference with the packet loss threshold, the subsequent use failure prediction of the PON gateway is carried out, showing the trend of data information of data transmission error detection over time, helping to identify the increase or decrease of the probability of PON gateway failure; PON gateway fault alarm: after the PON gateway fault self-check, the collected data information, the comparison results after analysis and processing, and the PON gateway fault probability are printed into a report and uploaded through the communication module; The steps of calculating and analyzing the data information of the data transmission error detection are as follows: Clean and organize data information to remove duplicate and erroneous values; Use descriptive statistics to summarize data characteristics, including mean, median, and variance; Inferential statistics, analyzing data information using hypothesis testing and confidence intervals; Use charts to display analysis results and help understand data information, including bar charts, pie charts, and line charts; The mean is calculated as follows: Among them, y p is the calculated mean value of data information, w i is the weight of each data information, the latest data has a greater weight, x i is the data information in the time series, ε is the noise error, θ is the moving average coefficient of the weight, α is the smoothing factor, and 0<α<1; n is the total number of data information; The formula for calculating variance is as follows: The variance calculation is performed on the updated data information, and the total number is N=n+1; The mean is Among them, y' p is the mean after updating the data information, y p is the mean of the existing data information, S'=S+(x-ε-y p )(x-ε-y' p ), where S' is the variance after updating the data information, and S is the variance of the existing data information; The final variance calculation formula is as follows: The calculation formula of the outlier value is as follows: According to the mean y p and standard deviation σ determine the threshold of outliers, And the standard deviation σ is calculated as follows: The specific calculation formula is as follows: x'≤y p -3σ,x'≥y p +3σ, and x' is the determined outlier after comparison; The calculation formula for the distance difference between the outlier and the mean is as follows: d=w i |x'-y p |, Where d is the calculated distance difference between the outlier and the mean; The packet loss threshold is set to 3, and d≤3 indicates that the data information loss is within the error range. If d>3, it indicates that the data information loss is large and there is a PON gateway failure. Failure prediction of the PON gateway: in, is the predicted value at the current moment, which is calculated based on the historical distance difference and the corresponding weight, m ​​is the total number of historical distance differences, d t The actual distance difference at the current moment is the most recently collected distance difference, d t-j The distance difference from the jth history at the current time t, w j The weight of the j-th historical distance difference. As time goes by, the weight of the earlier distance difference gradually decreases; Adaptively update weights; Among them, the β attenuation factor controls the degree of influence of historical data on the current prediction. The value is between 0 and 1. A larger β makes the most recent data points more weighted; By predicting the distance difference d of subsequent data, the use failure of the PON gateway is predicted.

2. A PON gateway fault self-detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection status monitoring, data transmission error detection and hardware self-checking of the PON gateway include: The connection status monitoring is used to check the connection between the PON gateway and the OLT; The data transmission error detection is performed by monitoring the loss rate and error rate of data packets collected by the PON gateway; The hardware self-check is used to check the CPU, memory and storage, and detect the temperature, voltage and current of the hardware device through sensors.

3. A PON gateway fault self-detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connection status monitoring also includes monitoring the optical signal strength, specifically: Obtain link status information through SNMP, find OIDs related to link status, use SNMP tools in the command line to obtain information, check the returned results, and understand the current status of the link; Monitor the intensity of the optical signal and set the threshold value of the intensity of the optical signal respectively; By comparing with the set threshold, when it exceeds the threshold, a fault alarm is triggered and the link quality is judged; The threshold of the optical signal strength setting is between -20dBm and -28dBm. If the optical signal strength is lower than -30dB, it means the signal is too weak.

4. A PON gateway fault self-detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connection status monitoring also includes delay monitoring, specifically: Obtain link status information through SNMP, find OIDs related to link status, use SNMP tools in the command line to obtain information, check the returned results, and understand the current status of the link; Monitor delays and set delay thresholds respectively; By comparing with the set threshold, when it exceeds the threshold, a fault alarm is triggered and the link quality is judged; The threshold for delay setting is within 10 milliseconds, and a delay exceeding 20 milliseconds is considered high.

5. A PON gateway fault self-detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steps of data transmission error detection are as follows: Encoding data packets using error detection codes; The encoded data packet is sent to the receiving end through the network; the receiving end obtains the transmitted data packet and saves it as a receiving buffer; The receiving end performs corresponding error detection calculations on the received data packets; The calculated result is compared with the received error detection code to determine whether an error has occurred.

6. A PON gateway fault self-detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The steps of the hardware self-test are as follows: When the device is turned on, the system will automatically run the self-test program; The self-test program is used to check whether the CPU is working properly and test the read and write capabilities and capacity of the memory; Check storage devices to verify the connection status and health of hard drives or SSDs; And the equipment is tested at intervals through temperature sensors, voltage collection circuits and current collection circuits, and the interval testing time is 3 hours; And the temperature threshold is set from 0℃ to 80℃; The voltage threshold is set within ±13% of the rated voltage of the equipment; The current threshold is set to 110%-150% of the rated value as the overload protection point.

7. A PON gateway fault self-checking system, used to implement a PON gateway fault self-checking method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It includes monitoring module, self-checking module, data processing module, diagnosis module, alarm module and report generation module; The monitoring module includes connection status monitoring, data transmission error detection and hardware self-test, which respectively realize the connection status of OLT, data packet loss rate and error rate, temperature, voltage and current of CPU, memory, storage and hardware equipment, and the temperature, voltage and current are detected by sensors, including temperature sensors, voltage acquisition circuits and current acquisition circuits, and the monitoring of CPU, memory and storage is detected by self-test programs, and self-test is performed when the equipment is started; The self-check module is used to start the monitoring module to detect the device when there is a loss rate and error rate in data transmission during the operation of the device; The data processing module is used to store and analyze the data information, including cleaning, converting, filtering and gaining the data information; The diagnostic module is used to compare the data information according to the set thresholds after the data processing module processes the data information, and determine whether there is a PON gateway fault; and perform in-depth analysis and processing on the data information, establish a line graph through a statistical algorithm, obtain the abnormal value of the data information through the line graph, calculate the distance difference between the abnormal value and the mean, and compare the distance difference with the packet loss threshold to determine whether there is a data transmission loss fault, and finally predict the subsequent use fault of the PON gateway through the calculation result between the distance difference and the threshold, so as to facilitate the prediction of whether the PON gateway will fail in the subsequent use; The alarm module is used to notify the administrator via SMS, email or network when a fault is detected; The report generation module generates a report based on the collected data information and the results of the calculation processing, displays the data through charts and graphs, and supports exporting the report to PDF and Excel formats.

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