A rape straw vertical stubble and root crushing rotary tillage machine and its use method

Abstract

The application discloses rape straw vertical stubble and root crushing rotary tillage and field returning machine and a use method thereof, which comprises a machine frame connected with a tractor through a three-point suspension device, wherein a vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing device, a rotary tillage device and a leveling device are sequentially arranged on the lower part of the machine frame from the front end to the rear end; the vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing device comprises a plurality of parallelly arranged crushing cutter shafts, a transmission straight gear, an upper bevel gear, a middle bevel gear, a lower bevel gear, an upper stubble crushing cutter disc, a lower stubble crushing cutter disc and a vertical root crushing device which are sequentially arranged on the crushing cutter shafts from top to bottom; the rotary tillage device comprises rotary tillage knives and a rotary tillage knife shaft; and the leveling device comprises a soil pressing plate and a flat ground dragging plate which are arranged on a cross beam of the machine frame through a suspension support rod, a support rod rotor and a lifting lug. The vertical crushing-rotary tillage-leveling composite process is adopted, so that the better stubble crushing and rotary tillage leveling effects are achieved, and the construction of the rape straw crushing and field returning and the construction of the high-quality rice seeding bed are realized.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a rape straw vertical stubble and root crushing rotary tillage and field returning machine and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rice seeding bed requires a tillage layer to be "fine and not muddy, rotten on the top and solid on the bottom, and no residue", so as to achieve the effect of muddy and rotten soil and land leveling. In the rice-oil rotation area, the previous crop of rape has the characteristics of large amount of straw residue, high grass-to-grain ratio, thick stalk diameter, and many, long and large roots, which leads to unsatisfactory effect of stubble crushing and field returning, and affects the subsequent construction of high-quality rice seeding bed.

[0003] In view of the above problems, several solutions are proposed in the currently disclosed patents. In the patents "Straw stubble crushing and burying machine for field returning" (Publication No. CN108575276A) and "Straw crushing and rotary tillage mixing and burying integrated machine" (Publication No. CN115280921A), a vertical stubble crushing-horizontal root crushing-burying process is adopted to achieve a more precise stubble crushing length by improving the stubble crushing degree. In the patent "Straw crushing and rotary tillage burying machine for field returning" (Publication No. CN116615989A), the machine adopts a horizontal stubble crushing-rotary tillage-burying process to achieve stubble crushing by rotary tillage process, and improves the uniformity of straw burying and promotes the rate of straw decomposition by designing an opposed double-spiral burying mechanism.

[0004] However, the above technical solutions still have some parts to be optimized in the practical process, such as separately optimizing the design of the stubble crushing device or further optimizing the stubble crushing and root crushing two-stage process to achieve synchronous stubble crushing and root crushing. Therefore, it is necessary to innovatively design the stubble crushing device to further improve the stubble crushing degree and add a leveling device after the vertical crushing-rotary tillage (burying) composite process to further meet the requirements of subsequent construction of high-quality rice seeding bed. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the defects of the above existing technologies, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a rape straw vertical stubble and root crushing rotary tillage and field returning machine and a use method thereof, which adopts a vertical crushing-rotary tillage-leveling composite process to achieve better stubble crushing and rotary tillage leveling effect, and realizes the stubble crushing and field returning of rape straw and the construction of high-quality rice seeding bed.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following technical measures:

[0007] The rape straw vertical stubble and root crushing rotary tillage and returning machine of the application comprises a machine frame connected with a tractor through a three-point suspension device, wherein a vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing device, a rotary tillage device and a leveling device are sequentially installed on the lower part of the machine frame from the front end to the rear end; the vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing device comprises a plurality of parallelly arranged crushing knife shafts, a transmission straight gear, an upper bevel gear, an intermediate bevel gear, a lower bevel gear, an upper stubble crushing cutter, a lower stubble crushing cutter and a vertical root crushing device sequentially installed on the crushing knife shafts from top to bottom; the adjacent crushing knife shafts are oppositely rotated through the transmission straight gear, and the upper stubble crushing cutter and the lower stubble crushing cutter are oppositely rotated through the cooperation of the upper bevel gear, the intermediate bevel gear and the lower bevel gear; the rotary tillage device comprises rotary tillage knives and a rotary tillage knife shaft, wherein the rotary tillage knives are divided into left and right curved knives and arranged on the rotary tillage knife shaft in a double-head helical symmetrical arrangement manner; the leveling device comprises a soil pressing plate and a flat ground dragging plate installed on a cross beam of the machine frame through a suspension support rod, a support rod rotor and a lug, and the soil pressing plate and the flat ground dragging plate are hingedly connected through connecting flat plates on both sides; the flat ground dragging plate, the connecting flat plate, the soil pressing plate, the cross beam, the lug, the support rod rotor and the suspension support rod form a parallel four-bar mechanism; a transmission system is arranged on the machine frame, which comprises an intermediate gearbox located on the upper part of the machine frame, a side transmission box located on one side of the machine frame, and a universal transmission device located between the intermediate gearbox and the side transmission box; the intermediate gearbox transmits power of the tractor to the vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing device on one hand, and transmits power to the side transmission box through the universal transmission device on the other hand; the side transmission box drives the rotary tillage knife shaft to work through a gear set.

[0008] Preferably, the crushing knife shaft is composed of a vertical hollow shaft and a vertical solid shaft, the transmission straight gear, the upper bevel gear, the lower stubble crushing cutter and the vertical stubble crushing device are sequentially installed on the vertical solid shaft from top to bottom, and the lower bevel gear and the upper stubble crushing cutter are sequentially installed on the vertical hollow shaft from top to bottom.

[0009] Further, the vertical root crushing device comprises a vertical root crushing knife seat, a root crushing knife mounting plate and vertical root crushing knives, wherein the vertical root crushing knives are fixedly installed on the root crushing knife mounting plate through bolts, the root crushing knife mounting plate is fixedly installed on the vertical root crushing knife seat through bolts, each group of root crushing knife mounting plates is provided with five root crushing knives, and the root crushing knives are arranged on the root crushing knife mounting plate in an inner contraction conical helical arrangement manner.

[0010] Further, the suspension support rods include a rear suspension support rod and a front suspension support rod, the bottom of the rear suspension support rod and the front suspension support rod is hinged to the inner wall surface of the bottom of the soil compacting plate and the land leveling plate through a pin shaft and a fixing block; two support rod rotors are hinged in a lug, the upper parts of the rear suspension support rod and the front suspension support rod pass through the through holes of the two support rod rotors respectively, the upper parts of the rear suspension support rod and the front suspension support rod are provided with a plurality of positioning holes which are uniformly distributed along the axial direction and radially penetrate the rear suspension support rod and the front suspension support rod, and the spring pins of the upper parts are installed in the positioning holes to limit the support rod rotors.

[0011] Preferably, springs are sleeved on the rear suspension support rod and the front suspension support rod, one end of the spring abuts against the spring pin of the lower part, and the other end of the spring abuts against the lower part of the support rod rotor, and the spring pin of the lower part is fixed to the middle lower part of the rear suspension support rod and the front suspension support rod; the spring is used for providing a downward pre-tightening force for the soil compacting plate and the land leveling plate.

[0012] Preferably, the left side and the right side of the cross beam are respectively fixed with a left side plate in a stepped shape and a right side plate in a stepped shape, the gear set cover and the left side plate and the right side plate form a sealed space, a pair of angular contact bearing seats are arranged in series at the top and the bottom of the sealed space to fix the axial direction of the crushing knife shaft, an angular contact bearing seat is arranged at the rear of the sealed space to fix the intermediate bevel gear, and the radial direction of the crushing knife shaft is ensured to be fixed, and the angular contact bearing seat at the bottom is installed on the vertical hollow shaft.

[0013] Further, the bottom plate of the land leveling plate is provided with a certain inclination angle with the horizontal plane of the ground surface, and the water-facing surface is provided as a coupling plate type, so as to reduce the water flow gathering and the mud accumulation and reduce the resistance of the machine frame when the machine frame works.

[0014] Preferably, the rear part of the land leveling plate adopts a comb tooth structure.

[0015] Correspondingly, the use method of the oilseed rape straw vertical stubble and root crushing rotary tillage and field returning machine includes the following steps.

[0016] Step 1: the machine frame is hung with a tractor through a three-point suspension device, power is transmitted from a PTO output shaft to an intermediate gearbox, on one hand, the power of the tractor is transmitted to the vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing device through seven parallel transmission straight gears, and the oilseed rape straw and part of the stubble are crushed into small pieces under the action of the vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing device.

[0017] Step 2: on the other hand, the power is transmitted to the side edge transmission box fixed on the left side plate through the universal transmission device, and then the rotary tillage knife shaft is driven to work, the straw-stubble and the soil are crushed again by the rotary tillage knife shaft, and the rotary tillage operation is performed, so that the straw-stubble and the soil are uniformly mixed and buried, the uniform distribution of the straw in the soil is realized, and the rotting rate of the oilseed rape stubble is improved.

[0018] Step 3: Finally, the water field leveling operation is carried out by the flat board, and after the operation of the field returning machine, high-quality seedbed conditions can be provided for rice seeding.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the rape straw vertical stubble and root crushing rotary tillage and field returning machine and the use method thereof have at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The vertical crushing-rotary tillage-leveling composite process is adopted in the application, the rape straw and root system are treated at the same time in the crushing operation, the vertical crushing includes two processes of stubble crushing and root crushing, the vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting crushing process is adopted for stubble crushing, the vertical crushing operation cooperates with the subsequent rotary tillage operation, the secondary soil-stubble-root crushing operation is realized, the stubble-root-soil mixing effect is ensured, the uniform distribution of crushed straw in the soil is realized, the decomposition rate of the crushed rape straw is improved, and finally, after the operation of the leveling device, the full crushing and field returning of the rape straw and the construction of high-quality rice seeding seedbed are realized.

[0021] 2. The vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting crushing device is constructed by seven groups of stubble and root crushing devices. In a single group of stubble and root crushing device, the rotation directions of the upper and lower two cutter heads on the cutter shaft are opposite, that is, coaxial reverse is realized. At the same time, since gear meshing transmission is adopted, the rotation directions of adjacent gears are opposite, the adjacent two cutter shafts cooperate with each other during work, and there are four groups of stubble crushing knives from different cutter shafts on the same longitudinal vertical plane in the cooperation area, wherein the adjacent two cutter heads rotate in opposite directions, realizing double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting crushing. The design can improve the crushing effect of the rape straw, and make the stress of each part of the crushing device more uniform.

[0022] 3. In the vertical spiral root crushing device, the inner shrinkage cone spiral arrangement with a certain angle is arranged on the root crushing knife mounting plate, which promotes the longitudinal flow of the bottom soil and the rape root system to the soil surface during the root crushing operation, realizes the crushing of the rape root system and the loosening of the soil, provides good conditions for the subsequent rotary tillage operation, reduces the rotary tillage power consumption and improves the stress uniformity, and finally achieves the purpose of constructing high-quality rice seeding seedbed.

[0023] 4. The gear transmission adopted in the application transmits power to the intermediate gearbox through the power output shaft. On the one hand, the power drives the seven groups of stubble and root crushing devices to rotate through the conversion direction of the intermediate transmission box, and the stubble crushing knives and the vertical root crushing device also rotate to complete the stubble and root crushing operation. On the other hand, the power is transmitted to the side gearbox fixed on the side plate through the universal transmission shaft, and the rotary tillage knife shaft rotates through gear driving.

[0024] 5、The oilseed rape straw and part of root stubble are crushed into small pieces under the action of the vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing device, and then the straw-root stubble and soil are crushed again by the rotary tiller shaft, and the rotary tillage operation is carried out at the same time, so that the straw-root stubble and soil are uniformly mixed and buried, the uniform distribution of the straw in the soil is realized, and the rotting rate of the oilseed rape crushed straw is improved; finally, the paddy field leveling operation is carried out by the flat drag plate. After the operation of the straw returning machine, high-quality seedbed conditions can be provided for rice seeding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the oilseed rape straw vertical stubble and root crushing rotary tillage straw returning machine of the present application.

[0027] Figure 2 It is another angle structural schematic diagram of the oilseed rape straw vertical stubble and root crushing rotary tillage straw returning machine of the present application.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing device of the present application.

[0029] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the side transmission box and rotary tillage device of the present application.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the leveling device of the present application.

[0031] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the transmission system of the present application.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a working process schematic diagram of the oilseed rape straw vertical stubble and root crushing rotary tillage straw returning machine of the present application.

[0033] 1-side transmission box, 2-left side plate, 3-universal transmission device, 4-three-point suspension device, 5-intermediate transmission box, 6-soil retaining cover, 7-right side plate, 8-vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing device, 9-rotary tillage device, 10-leveling device, 11-pressing plate, 12-rotary tillage knife, 13-cross beam, 14-vertical root crushing device, 15-lower stubble crushing cutter disc, 16-upper stubble crushing cutter disc, 17-intermediate bevel gear, 18-transmission straight gear, 19-gear set cover, 20-lifting lug, 21-supporting rod rotor, 22-suspension supporting rod, 23-upper bevel gear, 24-lower bevel gear, 25-vertical hollow shaft, 26-vertical solid shaft, 27-rotary tillage knife shaft, 28-comb tooth, 29-lower spring pin, 30-spring, 31-connecting flat plate, 32-rear suspension supporting rod, 33-front suspension supporting rod, 34-land leveling drag plate, 35-PTO output shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0035] As shown in Figures 1 to 7 The rape straw vertical stubble and root crushing rotary tillage and field returning machine of the present application comprises a frame, and the lower part of the frame is sequentially provided from the front end to the rear end with the vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing device 8, the rotary tillage device 9 and the leveling device 10. The frame comprises the cross beam 13, the soil retaining cover 6, the left side plate 2 fixed to the left side of the cross beam 13 and in a ladder shape, and the right side plate 7 fixed to the right side of the cross beam 13 and in a ladder shape. The rape straw vertical stubble and root crushing rotary tillage and field returning machine of the present application further comprises the three-point suspension device 4 fixed to the cross beam 13 and connected with the tractor.

[0036] As shown in Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing device 8 includes seven transmission spur gears 18, upper bevel gears 23, intermediate bevel gears 17, lower bevel gears 24, vertical solid shafts 26, vertical hollow shafts 25, upper stubble crushing cutterheads 16, lower stubble crushing cutterheads 15, and vertical root crushing devices 14 arranged side by side. The crushing cutter shafts are composed of vertical hollow shafts 25 and vertical solid shafts 26. The transmission spur gears 18, upper bevel gears 23, lower stubble crushing cutterheads 15, and vertical stubble crushing devices 14 are sequentially installed on the vertical solid shafts 26 from top to bottom, and the lower bevel gears 24 and upper stubble crushing cutterheads 16 are sequentially installed on the vertical hollow shafts 25 from top to bottom. The transmission spur gears 18, upper bevel gears 23, intermediate bevel gears 17, and lower bevel gears 24 form seven gear sets, which are located in the middle and lower parts of the frame and in the lower part of the front soil baffle.

[0037] The vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing device 8 has a closed space above it, which is composed of the gear set cover 19, the left side plate 2, and the right side plate 7. A pair of angular contact bearing seats are arranged in series at the top and bottom of the sealed space to fix the axial direction of the crushing cutter shafts. An angular contact bearing seat is arranged at the rear of the sealed space to fix the intermediate bevel gear 17, while ensuring the radial fixation of the crushing cutter shafts. The crushing cutter shafts are fixed at both ends, which is beneficial to ensure the perpendicularity of the crushing cutter shafts during rotation and to prevent the crushing cutter shafts from deviating after long-term operation. The angular contact bearing seat at the bottom is installed on the vertical hollow shaft 25. The transmission spur gears 18, upper bevel gears 23, and lower bevel gears 24 are fixedly connected to the crushing cutter shafts through synchronous cone sleeves, while ensuring the axial and radial fixation of each gear. Two sets of crushing cutterheads and vertical root crushing devices 14 are fixedly connected to the crushing cutter shafts from top to bottom. The crushing cutterheads and vertical root crushing devices 14 are fixedly connected to the crushing cutter shafts through bolts. The crushing cutterheads are divided into upper stubble crushing cutterheads 16 and lower stubble crushing cutterheads 15. The stubble crushing knives are installed on the crushing cutterheads. The crushing cutterheads on adjacent crushing cutter shafts are staggered. Each set of crushing cutterheads is equipped with three stubble crushing knives through bolts, and the included angle of adjacent stubble crushing knives in the same set is equal.

[0038] As shown in FIG. 1, the vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing device 8 is arranged in the front part of the machine frame 1. The transmission spur gears 18 are arranged in the middle and lower parts of the machine frame 1, and the upper bevel gears 23 are arranged in the lower part of the front soil baffle. The intermediate bevel gears 17 are arranged in the rear part of the machine frame 1, and the lower bevel gears 24 are arranged in the lower part of the rear soil baffle. The upper stubble crushing cutterheads 16 are arranged in the upper part of the machine frame 1, and the lower stubble crushing cutterheads 15 are arranged in the lower part of the machine frame 1. The vertical root crushing devices 14 are arranged in the lower part of the machine frame 1. Figure 3As shown, in the vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing device 8, the adjacent crushing knife shafts are turned in opposite directions through the transmission spur gear 18, and the upper and lower stubble crushing knife discs are matched with the upper and lower bevel gear sets to achieve the effect of turning in opposite directions, and cooperate with another set of upper and lower stubble crushing knives between the adjacent crushing knife shafts. There are four sets of stubble crushing knives from different crushing knife shafts on the same vertical plane in the matching area, and two of them rotate in opposite directions, so that the force on the knife shaft is more uniform, realizing double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing, and improving the crushing effect of rapeseed straw.

[0039] The vertical root shredder device 14 of the present invention comprises a vertical root shredder base, a root shredder mounting plate, and vertical root shredders. The vertical root shredders are bolted to the root shredder mounting plate, which is also bolted to the vertical root shredder base. Each set of root shredder mounting plates is equipped with five root shredders, which are arranged on the root shredder mounting plate in an inward-contracting conical spiral arrangement. While shredding the roots, this device promotes the longitudinal flow of the underlying soil and rapeseed roots toward the soil surface, pulverizing the rapeseed roots and loosening the soil. This provides favorable conditions for subsequent rotary tillage operations, reduces rotary tillage power consumption, and improves force uniformity, ultimately achieving the goal of creating a high-quality rice seedbed.

[0040] like Figure 4 As shown, the rotary tilling device 9 includes a rotary blade 12 and a rotary blade shaft 27. The rotary blade 12 can be further divided into a left-hand curved blade and a right-hand curved blade, which are arranged on the rotary blade shaft 27 in a double-ended spiral symmetrical arrangement. The rotary tilling device 9 adopts a side transmission method. The power is transmitted to the side transmission box 1 fixed to the left side plate 2 through the universal transmission device 3 of the transmission system, thereby driving the rotary blade shaft 27 to work.

[0041] like Figure 5 As shown, the leveling device is located at the rear of the frame. The leveling device 10 includes a pressure plate 11 and a leveling plate 34, which are mounted on a crossbeam 13 via suspension struts 22, strut rotors 21, and lifting lugs 20. The pressure plate 11 and leveling plate 34 are hingedly connected by connecting plates 31 on either side, and the pressure plate 11 is mounted and fixed to the side plates. The leveling plate 34, connecting plates 31, pressure plate 11, crossbeam 13, lifting lugs 20, strut rotors 21, and suspension struts 22 form a parallelogram mechanism.

[0042] The main structure of the leveling device 10 is the land leveling plate 34, which is connected with the front structure of the soil pressing plate 11 and the cross beam 13 through the connecting flat plate 31, the support rod rotor 21, the hanger 20, the front suspension support rod 33, the rear suspension support rod 32, and the spring 30 to form a parallel four-bar mechanism connection, wherein the rear suspension support rod 32 and the front suspension support rod 33 constitute the suspension support rod 22. The bottom of the rear suspension support rod 32 and the bottom of the front suspension support rod 33 are hinged to the inner wall surface of the soil pressing plate 11 and the bottom of the land leveling plate 34 through a pin shaft and a fixed block.

[0043] The support rod rotor 21 is provided with two in one hanger 20, which hingedly connects the rear suspension support rod 32 and the front suspension support rod 33 through the rear suspension support rod 32 and the front suspension support rod 33. The two support rod rotors 21 are hinged in one hanger 20, the upper parts of the rear suspension support rod 32 and the front suspension support rod 33 pass through the through holes of the two support rod rotors 21, and the upper parts of the rear suspension support rod 32 and the front suspension support rod 33 are provided with a plurality of positioning holes uniformly distributed in the axial direction, and the positioning holes pass through the rear suspension support rod 32 and the front suspension support rod 33 in the radial direction. The upper spring pin is installed in the positioning hole to limit the support rod rotor 21. The spring 30 is sleeved on the rear suspension support rod 32 and the front suspension support rod 33, one end of the spring 30 abuts against the lower spring pin 29, and the other end abuts against the lower part of the support rod rotor 21. The spring 30 is used to provide a downward pre-tightening force for the soil pressing plate 11 and the land leveling plate 34. The lower spring pin 29 is fixed to the middle and lower parts of the rear suspension support rod 32 and the front suspension support rod 33, and the lower spring pin 29 is used to limit the spring 30, and the upper spring pin is used to limit the support rod rotor 21. The front suspension support rod 33 adjusts the relative position of the land leveling plate 34, and the rear suspension support rod 32 adjusts the relative position of the soil pressing plate 11. Two suspension support rods are arranged, which can be independently adjusted when the soil pressing plate 11 and the land leveling plate 34 are adjusted, and are suitable for complex terrains.

[0044] In the present application, the rear part of the land leveling plate 34 adopts the structure of the comb tooth 28, and the bottom plate of the land leveling plate 34 and the ground surface are provided with a certain inclination, and the water surface is provided as a coupling plate type, which can reduce the accumulation of water flow and mud during the operation of the rack, and reduce the forward resistance of the rack.

[0045] In addition, the transmission system of the present invention is arranged on the frame. The transmission system mainly consists of an intermediate gearbox 5 located on the upper part of the frame, a side transmission box 1 located on the left stepped side plate 2, and a universal transmission device 3 located between the intermediate gearbox 5 and the side transmission box 1. The side transmission box 1 is mounted on the left side plate 2 by bolts. The transmission system transmits power to various parts of the vertical rape straw stubble and root shredder and rotary tillage machine. The specific working process is as follows: the frame (machine) is connected to the tractor through a three-point suspension device 4, and power is transmitted from the PTO output shaft 35 to the intermediate gearbox 5. The intermediate gearbox 5 transmits the tractor's power to the vertical dual-axis staggered bidirectional cutting and shredding device 8 through seven side-by-side transmission spur gears 18. On the other hand, the intermediate gearbox 5 transmits power to the side transmission box 1 fixed to the left side plate 2 through the universal transmission device 3, and then drives the rotary tiller shaft 27 to work through the gear set.

[0046] Below, refer to Figures 1 to 7 Combined with the description of the above structural features, the transmission principle and working process of the vertical rape straw root shredder and stubble shredder rotary tillage and field return machine of the present invention are explained. That is, the method of using the vertical rape straw root shredder and stubble shredder rotary tillage and field return machine of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0047] The frame is connected to the tractor via a three-point hitch 4. Power is transmitted from the PTO output shaft 35 to the intermediate gearbox 5. Seven parallel spur gears 18 transmit the tractor's power to the vertical, dual-shaft, staggered, bidirectional cutting and pulverizing device 8, which crushes the rapeseed straw and some stubble into small segments. Furthermore, the universal joint 3 transmits power to the side transmission box 1 fixed to the left side plate 2, which in turn drives the rotary tiller shaft 27. This secondary crushes the straw, stubble, and soil, while simultaneously performing rotary tillage operations to evenly bury the straw, stubble, and soil, achieving a uniform distribution of the straw in the soil and increasing the decomposition rate of the rapeseed straw. Finally, the leveling drag plate 34 levels the paddy field. After the field return machine operation, it provides high-quality seedbed conditions for rice sowing.

[0048] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be understood by anyone familiar with the technology within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical rape straw stubble and root shredder, comprising a frame connected to a tractor via a three-point suspension device (4), characterized in that: The lower part of the frame is provided with a vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing device (8), a rotary tillage device (9), and a leveling device (10) in sequence from the front end to the rear end; The vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing device (8) comprises a plurality of crushing blade shafts arranged side by side, and a transmission spur gear (18), an upper bevel gear (23), an intermediate bevel gear (17), a lower bevel gear (24), an upper stubble crushing blade disc (16), a lower stubble crushing blade disc (15), and a vertical root crushing device (14) sequentially mounted on the crushing blade shafts from top to bottom; the adjacent crushing blade shafts rotate in opposite directions via the transmission spur gear (18), and the upper stubble crushing blade disc (16) and the lower stubble crushing blade disc (15) rotate in opposite directions via the cooperation of the upper bevel gear (23), the intermediate bevel gear (17), and the lower bevel gear (24); The rotary tillage device (9) comprises a rotary tillage blade (12) and a rotary tillage blade shaft (27); the rotary tillage blade (12) is divided into a left-hand curved blade and a right-hand curved blade, and is arranged on the rotary tillage blade shaft (27) in a double-headed spiral symmetrical arrangement; The leveling device (10) comprises a soil pressing plate (11) and a leveling plate (34) mounted on a crossbeam (13) of a frame via a suspension strut (22), a strut rotor (21) and a lifting lug (20); the soil pressing plate (11) and the leveling plate (34) are hingedly connected via connecting flat plates (31) on both sides; the leveling plate (34), the connecting flat plates (31), the soil pressing plate (11), the crossbeam (13), the lifting lug (20), the strut rotor (21) and the suspension strut (22) form a parallel four-bar mechanism; A transmission system is arranged on the frame, and the transmission system includes an intermediate gearbox (5) located on the upper part of the frame, a side transmission box (1) located on one side of the frame, and a universal transmission device (3) located between the intermediate gearbox (5) and the side transmission box (1). On the one hand, the intermediate gearbox (5) transmits the power of the tractor to the vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing device (8), and on the other hand, transmits the power to the side transmission box (1) through the universal transmission device (3). The side transmission box (1) drives the rotary tiller shaft (27) to work through a gear set. The pulverizing blade shaft is composed of a vertical hollow shaft (25) and a vertical solid shaft (26) nested together; the transmission spur gear (18), the upper bevel gear (23), the lower stubble pulverizing blade disc (15) and the vertical stubble pulverizing device (14) are sequentially mounted on the vertical solid shaft (26) from top to bottom; and the lower bevel gear (24) and the upper stubble pulverizing blade disc (16) are sequentially mounted on the vertical hollow shaft (25) from top to bottom; The vertical root shredder device (14) comprises a vertical root shredder seat, a root shredder mounting plate and a vertical root shredder, wherein the vertical root shredder is fixedly mounted on the root shredder mounting plate by bolts, and the root shredder mounting plate is fixedly mounted on the vertical root shredder seat by bolts, and each group of root shredder mounting plates is provided with five root shredders, which are arranged on the root shredder mounting plate in an inward-contracting conical spiral arrangement.

2. The vertical rape straw stubble and root shredder and rotary tillage machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The suspension strut (22) comprises a rear suspension strut (32) and a front suspension strut (33), and the bottoms of the rear suspension strut (32) and the front suspension strut (33) are hinged to the inner wall surfaces of the bottoms of the soil pressing plate (11) and the leveling plate (34) via pins and fixing blocks; Two strut rotors (21) are hinged in a lifting ear (20), and the upper parts of the rear suspension strut (32) and the front suspension strut (33) respectively pass through the through holes of the two strut rotors (21). The upper parts of the rear suspension strut (32) and the front suspension strut (33) are provided with a plurality of positioning holes evenly spaced along the axial direction, and the positioning holes radially penetrate the rear suspension strut (32) and the front suspension strut (33). The upper spring pins are installed in the positioning holes to limit the strut rotor (21).

3. The vertical rape straw stubble and root shredder and rotary tillage machine according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A spring (30) is sleeved on the rear suspension strut (32) and the front suspension strut (33), one end of the spring (30) abuts against a lower spring pin (29), and the other end abuts against the bottom of the strut rotor (21), and the lower spring pin (29) is fixed to the middle and lower parts of the rear suspension strut (32) and the front suspension strut (33); the spring (30) is used to provide a downward preload force for the soil pressing plate (11) and the leveling plate (34).

4. The vertical rape straw stubble and root shredder and rotary tillage machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A stepped left plate (2) and a stepped right plate (7) are fixed to the left and right sides of the crossbeam (13), respectively. The gear set cover (19) and the left and right plates (2) and (7) form a sealed space. A pair of angular contact bearing seats are arranged in series at the top and bottom of the sealed space to fix the pulverizing cutter shaft in the axial direction. An angular contact bearing seat is provided at the rear of the sealed space to fix the intermediate bevel gear (17) and ensure the radial fixation of the pulverizing cutter shaft. The angular contact bearing seat at the bottom is mounted on the vertical hollow shaft (25).

5. The vertical rape straw stubble and root shredder and rotary tillage machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom plate of the flat ground drag plate (34) is provided with a certain inclination angle to the horizontal plane of the ground surface, and the water-facing surface thereof is provided in a hoe plate type, so as to slow down the gathering of water flow and the accumulation of mud when the frame is working, thereby reducing the forward resistance of the frame.

6. The vertical rape straw stubble and root shredder and rotary tillage machine according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rear portion of the flat ground drag plate (34) adopts a comb tooth (28) structure.

7. A method for using the vertical rape straw stubble and root shredder and rotary tillage machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: The frame is connected to the tractor through a three-point suspension device (4), and power is transmitted from the PTO output shaft (35) to the intermediate gearbox (5). On the one hand, the power of the tractor is transmitted to the vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing device (8) through seven parallel transmission spur gears (18). Under the action of the vertical double-shaft staggered bidirectional cutting and crushing device (8), the rape straw and part of the root stubble are crushed into small pieces; Step 2: On the other hand, the power is transmitted to the side transmission box (1) fixed on the left side plate (2) through the universal transmission device (3), thereby driving the rotary tillage blade shaft (27) to work, and the rotary tillage blade shaft (27) performs secondary crushing on the straw-stubble and the soil, and simultaneously performs rotary tillage operation, uniformly burying the straw-stubble and the soil, achieving uniform distribution of the straw in the soil, and improving the decomposition rate of the rapeseed straw; Step 3: Finally, the paddy field is leveled by the leveling plate (34), and after the operation of the field return machine, high-quality seed bed conditions can be provided for rice sowing.

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