A device and method for improving the quality of sandy ginger soil farmland by using straw

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of soil improvement, and discloses a device and method for improving the quality of sandy ginger black soil farmland by using straws, which comprises a device for improving the quality of sandy ginger black soil farmland by using straws, a vehicle frame, liquid storage tank one and liquid storage tank two arranged in sequence on the top of the vehicle frame, a distribution component arranged at the bottom of the vehicle frame, and a driving unit one fixedly connected to the vehicle frame at the top of the distribution component. The application improves the durability and efficiency of soil improvement, avoids the occurrence of seedling burning caused by rapid release of fertility, adjusts the filling depth of straws, is suitable for soil improvement operation of different types, improves the use range of soil improvement, separates and collects stone blocks in the soil, digs, separates, crushes and recycles the residues of planted crops, directly uses the residues as raw materials in the improvement process, facilitates the cleaning of the residues, and improves the quality of soil improvement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, and in particular to a device and method for improving the quality of sand ginger black soil farmland by utilizing straw. Background Art

[0002] Sandy black soil is a semi-hydromorphic soil formed under warm temperate semi-humid climate conditions, primarily influenced by local factors (topography, parent material, groundwater) and biological factors. Its profile consists of a black soil layer, a subsurface layer, and a sandy black soil layer. Within the 1.5-meter control interval, both the black soil layer and the sandy black soil layer must be present, and the thickness of recent light-colored sediments overlying the black soil layer must be less than 60 cm.

[0003] The sand ginger black soil has great production potential. First, the region has a flat terrain, deep soil, low sand ginger layer, large cultivated land area and concentrated distribution, which is conducive to the development of mechanized farming and has the scale advantage of comprehensive development and utilization; secondly, the heat conditions are good and the precipitation is relatively high, which is conducive to the development of two crops a year; the groundwater level is shallow, the water source is abundant, and the water quality is good, which needs further development and utilization; the area of ​​medium and low-yield soil is large (accounting for more than 80%), which is suitable for the development of a variety of food crops (wheat, corn, rice, soybeans, etc.) and economic crops (peanuts, garlic, sesame, cotton, etc.), and has great potential for increasing production; comprehensive management requires little investment, but the effect is fast and the economic benefits are high; transportation is relatively convenient and close to open cities. After development, a large amount of agricultural and sideline products are transported and sold locally; however, since the organic matter content of the sand ginger black soil is not high, it is not conducive to the growth of planted plants. Therefore, a device and method for improving the quality of sand ginger black soil arable land using straw are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problem that the organic matter content of sand ginger black soil is not high, which is not conducive to the growth of plantations, the present invention provides a device and method for improving the quality of sand ginger black soil arable land by using straw.

[0005] The present invention is implemented by the following technical solution: a device for improving the quality of sand ginger black soil arable land using straw, comprising a frame, the top of the frame being connected to a liquid storage tank 1, a liquid storage tank 2 and a distribution component which are arranged in sequence, a transfer distribution component being provided at the bottom of the frame, a drive unit 1 being fixedly connected to the top of the transfer distribution component, a soil breaking mechanism connected to the frame being installed at the front end of the transfer distribution component, a mixing mechanism 1 and a mixing mechanism 2 being connected to the distribution component, and the mixing mechanism 1 and the mixing mechanism 2 being distributed in a direction from the liquid storage tank 2 to the liquid storage tank 1;

[0006] The transfer and distribution component includes a horizontal plate fixedly connected to a bottom output end of the drive unit, and side plates are fixed on both sides of the bottom of the horizontal plate, and a horizontally arranged transverse tensioning plate is fixed between the two groups of side plates, and an inclined oblique tensioning plate is fixed to one end of the transverse tensioning plate close to the earth-breaking mechanism, and the oblique tensioning plate and the transverse tensioning plate are provided with an arc-shaped mounting groove at the end thereof away from each other, and a driving roller rotatably connected to the side plate is installed inside the mounting groove, and a conveyor belt with an annular structure is rotatably sleeved between the two groups of driving rollers, and the outer ring of the conveyor belt is fixed with a bulldozer plate arranged in sequence along its length direction, and a scraping and pressing mechanism rotatably connected to the side plate is installed at the bottom of the side where the oblique tensioning plate and the transverse tensioning plate are close to each other, and a soil amount adjustment mechanism fixed to the side plate is installed at the bottom of the side of the transverse tensioning plate away from the oblique tensioning plate, and a filtering return flow mechanism fixed to the side plate is installed at the top of the end of the oblique tensioning plate away from the transverse tensioning plate, and a shoveling mechanism connected to the side plate is installed on the side of the filtering return mechanism away from the oblique tensioning plate.

[0007] Through the above technical solution, the crushed straw for improvement and pre-treatment is put into the distribution component, and then the bacteria for straw fermentation and the inorganic solution for improving the soil are put into the liquid storage tank 1 and the liquid storage tank 2, and then the frame is connected to the traction locomotive, and then the sand ginger black soil improvement operation is started. The frame moves forward with the traction locomotive, and the soil breaking mechanism first breaks and loosens the soil from the front end, and then transfers the broken and loose soil upward through the transfer and distribution component. At the same time, the distribution component separates and transports the straw, and then performs a light separation operation on the straw. The light straw is transported along the mixing mechanism 1, and the heavier straw is transported along the mixing mechanism 2. At the same time, the soil transported from the transfer and distribution component is covered with soil twice through the soil amount regulating mechanism. The first covering covers the heavier straw transported by the mixing mechanism 2, and the second covering covers the light straw transported by the mixing mechanism 1 above the first covering layer, thereby realizing the light and heavy separation of straw and multi-layer landfill operation.

[0008] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the filtering reflux mechanism includes a filter plate 1 fixedly connected between the two groups of side plates and arranged obliquely, and the filter plate 1 is arranged obliquely downward in the direction from the oblique tensioning plate to the earth-breaking mechanism, the top of the filter plate 1 away from the earth-breaking mechanism is fixedly connected with an intercepting plate, the bottom of the end of the filter plate 1 close to the earth-breaking mechanism is fixedly connected with a guide plate 1 extending toward the oblique tensioning plate, the bottom of the end of the guide plate 1 away from the oblique tensioning plate is equipped with a material receiving trough with an opening on the top fixed to the side plate, the interior of the material receiving trough is fixedly connected with an obliquely arranged guide plate 2, one of the side plates is fixedly connected to a cover shell 1 on the side away from the material receiving trough, and the cover shell 1 is communicated with the interior of the material receiving trough, and the guide plate 2 is fixedly connected to the side of the side plate away from the material receiving trough. The receiving trough is tilted downward to the direction of the cover shell 1, and a pad is fixed to the inner wall of the cover shell 1 on the side away from the adjacent side plate, and the top of the pad is fixed with a lifting unit that is tilted and extends upward to the top of the cloth assembly, and the end of the pad close to the adjacent side plate is connected to the switching unit, and the bottom of the switching unit is equipped with a slag discharge trough fixed to the cover shell 1, and one side of the end of the lifting unit extending out of the cover shell 1 is fixed with a reinforcement plate fixed to the adjacent side plate, and a retaining sleeve that is slidably sleeved with the outer ring of the lifting unit is provided on the top of the reinforcement plate, and a U-shaped sliding frame that is slidably connected to the frame is fixed to the side of the retaining sleeve close to the adjacent side plate, and a discharge pipe 1 fixed to the lifting unit is provided on the top of the retaining sleeve.

[0009] Through the above technical solution, the stones and straw in the soil are filtered and transported.

[0010] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the shoveling mechanism includes a rotating rod arranged between two groups of side plates and rotatably connected to the side plates. The outer ring of the rotating rod is fixedly sleeved with a shoveling plate. Both sides of the shoveling plate are fixedly connected with protective plates that abut against adjacent side plates. A push-pull rod is fixed between the two groups of protective plates. The outer ring of the push-pull rod is rotatably connected to a drive unit 2 hinged to the bottom of the horizontal plate.

[0011] Through the above technical solution, the broken and loose soil is shoveled to determine the bottom straw landfill depth.

[0012] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the side of the bulldozer plate away from the conveyor belt is provided with inner grooves arranged in sequence along its length direction, the scraping and pressing mechanism includes a driven rod rotatably connected to the side plate, the outer ring of the driven rod is fixedly sleeved with a mounting roller, the outer ring of the mounting roller is fixedly sleeved with a combing and pressing disk distributed in sequence along its length direction, the end of the driven rod extending out of the side plate is installed with a motor seven, and the end of the driving roller extending out of the side plate is installed with a motor eight; when soil is being transported, the combing and pressing disk resists and restricts the conveyor belt from the top to ensure that the conveyor belt is in a tensioned state, and at the same time the combing and pressing disk passes through the inner groove of the bulldozer plate to comb the bulldozer plate and scrape off the soil adhered to the bulldozer plate to avoid the situation where the bulldozer plate adheres to the soil and causes difficulties in soil transportation.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above solution, the lifting unit includes a lifting cylinder fixedly sleeved with a cover shell, the bottom of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the pad, a feeding port is opened at the bottom of the lifting cylinder on the side close to the switching unit, a rotating shaft rotatably connected to the top of the lifting cylinder is provided inside the lifting cylinder, a motor is installed at one end of the rotating shaft extending from the top of the lifting cylinder, a lifting blade with a spiral structure is fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of the rotating shaft, and the end of the lifting cylinder extending from the top of the cover shell is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe;

[0014] The switching unit includes a rotating rod arranged at the end of the pad and rotatably connected to the cover shell. The outer ring of the rotating rod is fixedly sleeved with a flip plate. The side of the flip plate away from the pad is penetrated by a blanking channel arranged in sequence along its length direction. The end of the rotating rod extending out of the cover shell is installed with motor 2.

[0015] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the soil amount adjustment mechanism includes a cloth plate arranged below the end of the transverse tensioning plate away from the oblique tensioning plate, the cloth plate is fixedly connected to the side plate, and the cloth plate is arranged obliquely downward in the direction from the oblique tensioning plate to the transverse tensioning plate. The end of the cloth plate away from the transverse tensioning plate extends to the side of the mixing mechanism 1 away from the mixing mechanism 2, and the cloth plate passes through a cloth channel located between the mixing mechanism 1 and the mixing mechanism 2. An adjustment plate slidably connected to the cloth plate is installed at the bottom opening of the cloth channel, and a drive unit 3 fixed to the cloth plate is fixed to the side of the adjustment plate close to the oblique tensioning plate.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the landfill volume of the bottom and top layers of soil is adjusted.

[0017] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the cloth assembly includes a distribution box fixedly connected to the top of the frame, the bottom of the distribution box is fixedly connected to a base plate, the bottom of the base plate is provided with a material receiving trough 1 and a material receiving trough 2 distributed along the directions of liquid storage tank 1 and liquid storage tank 2, the mixing mechanism 1 is installed at the position of material receiving trough 2, the mixing mechanism 2 is installed at the position of material receiving trough 1, a triangular separation plate fixed to the top of the base plate is installed between the material receiving trough 1 and the material receiving trough 2, a baffle fixed to the base plate is installed on the top of the baffle, an air injection pipe fixed to the distribution box is installed, and a nozzle 1 is installed on the end of the air injection pipe extending into the distribution box, a hopper is fixed to the top of the distribution box, an isolation frame with a ring structure is fixed to the inside of one side of the hopper, two groups of parallel crushing rollers are rotatably connected to the inside of the isolation frame, a guide plate 3 fixed to the inner side wall of the isolation frame is installed on the top of the side where the two groups of crushing rollers are away from each other, and a motor 3 is installed on the end of the crushing roller extending out of the isolation frame.

[0018] Through the above technical solution, the crushed straw is subjected to a light separation operation.

[0019] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the mixing mechanism 1 includes a driving shaft 1 arranged inside the cloth distribution component, and both ends of the driving shaft 1 are rotatably connected to the end cover shells fixedly sleeved with the cloth distribution component, two groups of conveying blades 1 fixedly sleeved with the driving shaft 1 are installed between the two groups of end cover shells, and the two groups of conveying blades 1 are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the driving shaft 1, the structure of the mixing mechanism 1 is the same as that of the mixing mechanism 2, the end of the driving shaft 1 extending out of the end cover shell is installed with a motor 4, the bottom of the ends of the two groups of end cover shells extending out of the cloth distribution component are fixedly connected to a connecting pipe 1, a cylindrical material discharge box is fixedly connected between the bottoms of the two groups of connecting pipes 1, the interior of the discharge box is rotatably connected to the driving shaft 2, the outer ring of the driving shaft 2 is fixedly sleeved with conveying blades 2 symmetrically arranged along its axis, the bottom of the discharge box is penetrated by a discharge port, the top of the discharge box is fixedly connected to an infusion cover shell arranged along its length direction, the top of the discharge box is inlaid with a nozzle 2 connected to the infusion cover shell, the end of the driving shaft 2 extending out of the discharge box is installed with a motor 5, and the structure of the mixing mechanism 1 is the same as that of the mixing mechanism 2.

[0020] Through the above technical solution, the lightly separated straw is transported and delivered, and the bacterial liquid is sprayed when it is delivered.

[0021] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the earth-breaking mechanism includes a drive unit four fixedly connected to the vehicle frame, the bottom output end of the drive unit four is fixedly connected to a U-shaped support frame, the bottom opening of the support frame is rotatably connected to an active shaft three, the outer ring of the active shaft three is fixedly sleeved with a tool fixing roller, the outer ring of the tool fixing roller is fixedly connected to an array-distributed extension rod, the other end of the extension rod is fixedly connected to a earth-breaking knife, and the end of the active shaft three extending out of the support frame is equipped with a motor six.

[0022] A method for using a device for improving the quality of sand ginger black soil farmland using straw comprises the following steps:

[0023] S1. Collect the properties of the improved soil to determine the soil improvement plan, including the straw landfill depth and amount, the type and amount of bacteria, the composition and amount of the inorganic solution, and whether there is stubble in the improved soil;

[0024] S2 puts the improved straw, inoculum and inorganic solution into the device according to the soil improvement plan, adjusts the device state, puts the device on the land and connects it to the traction locomotive;

[0025] S3 uses equipment and traction locomotives to perform soil improvement operations.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The present invention adopts a light straw separation and transportation method to separate light straw from heavier straw, and improves the soil by burying heavier straw at the bottom and light straw on the top of the separated straw. The straw itself is fermented using its own properties, so that the improved straw can slowly and evenly release fertility, thereby improving the durability and efficiency of soil improvement and avoiding the occurrence of seedling burning caused by rapid release of fertility.

[0028] The present invention selects soil crushing and shoveling operations at different depths according to soil properties, adjusts the straw landfill depth, is suitable for different types of soil improvement operations, and improves the applicable scope of soil improvement.

[0029] During the improvement operation, the present invention can separate, collect and process stones in the soil according to the soil conditions, and can also dig, separate, crush and recycle the stubble of the planted crops, and use the remaining stubble directly as raw material in the improvement process, which is convenient for cleaning the stubble and improving the quality of soil improvement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a device for improving the quality of sand ginger black soil farmland using straw provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A side view of a device for improving the quality of sand ginger black soil farmland using straw provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the transfer distribution component provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 The present invention provides Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the

[0034] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of the bulldozer provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of the scraping and pressing mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of the cloth assembly provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of a mixing mechanism 1 provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 9 A schematic structural diagram of the filtering reflux mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0039] Figure 10 The present invention provides Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of the

[0040] Figure 11 This is a structural diagram of the switching unit provided by the present invention.

[0041] Description of main symbols:

[0042] 1. Frame; 2. Liquid storage tank 1; 3. Liquid storage tank 2; 4. Fabric assembly; 5. Soil breaking mechanism; 6. Mixing mechanism 1; 7. Mixing mechanism 2; 8. Transfer and distribution assembly; 11. Horizontal plate; 12. Side plate; 13. Horizontal tensioning plate; 14. Oblique tensioning plate; 15. Mounting groove; 16. Driving roller; 17. Conveyor belt; 18. Bulldozer; 181. Inner groove; 19. Scraping and pressing mechanism; 191. Follower rod; 192. Mounting roller; 193. Combing and pressing plate; 110. Soil quantity adjustment mechanism; 21. Filter plate 1; 22. Guide plate 1; 23. Material receiving trough; 24. Guide plate 2; 25. Cover shell 1; 26. Pad; 27. Lifting unit; 28. Reinforcement plate; 29. ​​Retaining sleeve; 210. Sliding rack; 211. Discharge Pipe one; 212, slag discharge chute; 213, switching unit; 2131, rotating rod; 2132, flip plate; 2133, material discharge channel; 31, rotating rod; 32, shovel plate; 33, protective plate; 34, push-pull rod; 35, drive unit two; 41, distribution box; 42, base plate; 43, material receiving chute one; 44, material receiving chute two; 45, separation plate; 46, baffle; 47, jet pipe; 48, nozzle one; 49, hopper; 410, isolation frame; 411, crushing roller; 412, guide plate three; 61, driving shaft one; 62, end cover; 63, conveying blade one; 64, connecting pipe one; 65, discharge box; 66, infusion cover; 67, nozzle two; 68, driving shaft two; 69, conveying blade two; 610, discharge port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments.

[0044] Example 1:

[0045] Please combine Figures 1-11 In this embodiment, a device for improving the quality of sand ginger black soil arable land using straw includes a frame 1, the top of the frame 1 is connected to a liquid storage tank 1 2, a liquid storage tank 2 3 and a distribution component 4 arranged in sequence, the bottom of the frame 1 is provided with a transfer distribution component 8, the top of the transfer distribution component 8 is fixedly connected to a drive unit 1 fixed to the frame 1, the front end of the transfer distribution component 8 is installed with a soil breaking mechanism 5 connected to the frame 1, the distribution component 4 is connected to a mixing mechanism 1 6 and a mixing mechanism 2 7, and the mixing mechanism 1 6 and the mixing mechanism 2 7 are distributed along the direction from the liquid storage tank 2 3 to the liquid storage tank 1 2;

[0046] The transfer distribution component 8 includes a transverse plate 11 fixed to a bottom output end of the drive unit, and side plates 12 are fixed to both sides of the bottom of the transverse plate 11. A horizontally arranged transverse tensioning plate 13 is fixed between the two sets of side plates 12. The end of the transverse tensioning plate 13 close to the earth-breaking mechanism 5 is fixed with an inclined oblique tensioning plate 14. The oblique tensioning plate 14 and the transverse tensioning plate 13 are both provided with an arc-shaped mounting groove 15 at the end away from each other. A driving roller 16 rotatably connected to the side plate 12 is installed inside the mounting groove 15. A conveyor belt 1 with an annular structure is rotatably sleeved between the two sets of driving rollers 16. 7. The outer ring of the conveyor belt 17 is fixed with a bulldozer plate 18 arranged in sequence along its length direction. A scraping and pressing mechanism 19 rotatably connected to the side plate 12 is installed at the bottom of the side where the oblique tensioning plate 14 and the transverse tensioning plate 13 are close to each other. A soil amount adjustment mechanism 110 fixed to the side plate 12 is installed at the bottom of the side of the transverse tensioning plate 13 away from the oblique tensioning plate 14. A filtering return flow mechanism fixed to the side plate 12 is installed at the top of one end of the oblique tensioning plate 14 away from the transverse tensioning plate 13. A shoveling mechanism connected to the side plate 12 is installed on the side of the filtering return flow mechanism away from the oblique tensioning plate 14.

[0047] The implementation principle of the device and method for improving the quality of sand ginger black soil arable land by using straw in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: the crushed straw for improvement and pre-treatment is put into the cloth component 4, and then the bacteria for straw fermentation and the inorganic solution for improving the soil are put into the liquid storage tank 1 2 and the liquid storage tank 2 3, and then the frame 1 is connected to the traction locomotive, and then the sand ginger black soil improvement operation is started, the frame 1 moves forward with the traction locomotive, the soil breaking mechanism 5 first breaks and loosens the soil from the front end, and then the broken and loosened soil is transported through the transfer distribution component 8. The soil is transported upward, and at the same time, the distribution component 4 separates and transports the straw. Thereafter, the straw is separated into light weight, and the light straw is transported along the mixing mechanism 1 6, and the heavier straw is transported along the mixing mechanism 2 7. At the same time, the soil transported from the transfer and distribution component 8 is covered twice through the soil amount regulating mechanism 110. The first covering is for covering the heavier straw transported by the mixing mechanism 2 7, and the second covering is for covering the light straw transported by the mixing mechanism 1 6 above the first covering layer, thereby realizing the light and heavy separation of straw and multi-layer landfill operation.

[0048] Example 2:

[0049] The present embodiment is further improved on the basis of the embodiment 1 in that: the filtering reflux mechanism includes a filter plate 21 fixedly connected between the two groups of side plates 12 and arranged obliquely, and the filter plate 21 is arranged obliquely downward along the direction from the oblique tensioning plate 14 to the earth-breaking mechanism 5, the top of the filter plate 21 away from the earth-breaking mechanism 5 is fixedly connected with an intercepting plate, the bottom of the end of the filter plate 21 close to the earth-breaking mechanism 5 is fixedly connected with a guide plate 22 extending toward the oblique tensioning plate 14, the bottom of the end of the guide plate 22 away from the oblique tensioning plate 14 is equipped with a receiving trough 23 with an opening on the top fixed to the side plate 12, the interior of the receiving trough 23 is fixedly connected with a guide plate 24 arranged obliquely, one side of the side plate 12 away from the receiving trough 23 is fixedly connected with a cover shell 25, and the cover shell 25 is communicated with the inside of the receiving trough 23, and the guide plate 24 is arranged along the receiving trough 2 3 is arranged downwardly in the direction of the cover shell 25, and a pad 26 is fixed to the inner side wall of the cover shell 25 away from the adjacent side plate 12, and a lifting unit 27 is fixed on the top of the pad 26, which is arranged obliquely and extends upward to the top of the cloth assembly 4, and the end of the pad 26 close to the adjacent side plate 12 is connected to the switching unit 213, and the bottom of the switching unit 213 is installed with a slag discharge chute 212 fixed to the cover shell 25, and the lifting unit 27 is fixed to a side of the end of the cover shell 25 that is fixed to the adjacent side plate 12, and a retaining sleeve 29 is provided on the top of the reinforcing plate 28, which is slidably sleeved with the outer ring of the lifting unit 27, and a U-shaped sliding frame 210 with a sliding connection to the frame 1 is fixed on the side of the retaining sleeve 29 close to the adjacent side plate 12, and a discharge pipe 211 fixed to the lifting unit 27 is provided on the top of the retaining sleeve 29.

[0050] The lifting unit 27 includes a lifting cylinder fixedly sleeved with the cover 25, the bottom of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to the pad 26, a feeding port 1 is opened at the bottom of the lifting cylinder near the switching unit 213, a rotating shaft 1 is provided inside the lifting cylinder, which is rotatably connected to the top of the lifting cylinder, and a motor is installed at the end of the rotating shaft 1 extending from the top of the lifting cylinder. A lifting blade with a spiral structure is fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of the rotating shaft 1, and the end of the lifting cylinder extending from the top of the cover 25 is fixedly connected to the discharge pipe 1 211, a retaining sleeve 29 is slidably sleeved with the lifting cylinder, and a reinforcing plate 28 is fixedly connected to the lifting cylinder;

[0051] The switching unit 213 includes a rotating rod 2131 arranged at the end of the pad 26 and rotatably connected to the cover 25. The outer ring of the rotating rod 2131 is fixedly sleeved with a flip plate 2132. The side of the flip plate 2132 away from the pad 26 is penetrated by a blanking channel 2133 arranged in sequence along its length direction. The end of the rotating rod 2131 extending out of the cover 25 is installed with motor 2.

[0052] Example 3:

[0053] Based on Example 1, this embodiment has further improvements in that: the shoveling mechanism includes a rotating rod 31 arranged between the two groups of side plates 12 and rotatably connected to the side plates 12, the outer ring of the rotating rod 31 is fixedly sleeved with a shoveling plate 32, and both sides of the shoveling plate 32 are fixedly connected with protective plates 33 that contact the adjacent side plates 12, a push-pull rod 34 is fixed between the two groups of protective plates 33, and the outer ring of the push-pull rod 34 is rotatably connected to a drive unit 2 35 hinged to the bottom of the horizontal plate 11.

[0054] The side of the bulldozer 18 away from the conveyor belt 17 is provided with an inner groove 181 arranged in sequence along its length direction. The scraping and pressing mechanism 19 includes a driven rod 191 rotatably connected to the side plate 12. The outer ring of the driven rod 191 is fixedly sleeved with a mounting roller 192. The outer ring of the mounting roller 192 is fixedly sleeved with a combing and pressing disk 193 distributed in sequence along its length direction. The end of the driven rod 191 extending out of the side plate 12 is installed with a motor 7, and the end of the driving roller 16 extending out of the side plate 12 is installed with a motor 8; when conveying soil, the combing and pressing disk 193 resists and restricts the conveyor belt 17 from the top to ensure that the conveyor belt 17 is in a tensioned state. At the same time, the combing and pressing disk 193 passes through the inner groove 181 of the bulldozer 18, combs the bulldozer 18, and scrapes off the soil adhering to the bulldozer 18 to avoid the bulldozer 18 adhering to the soil and causing difficulties in soil conveying.

[0055] A connecting pipe 64 communicating with the infusion cover 66 of the mixing mechanism 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid storage tank 2 3, and a connecting pipe 64 communicating with the infusion cover 66 of the mixing mechanism 2 7 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the liquid storage tank 2. An infusion pump and a solenoid valve are installed on the connecting pipe 64. Liquid storage tanks 2 3 and 2 are both equipped with liquid inlet delivery pipes on the top. A connecting seat connected to the traction locomotive is installed at the front end of the frame 1, and running frames are installed on both sides of the bottom of the frame 1, and running wheels are installed on the running frames.

[0056] Example 4:

[0057] The soil amount adjustment mechanism 110 includes a cloth plate arranged below the end of the transverse tensioning plate 13 away from the oblique tensioning plate 14, the cloth plate is fixedly connected to the side plate 12, and the cloth plate is arranged obliquely downward in the direction from the oblique tensioning plate 14 to the transverse tensioning plate 13. The end of the cloth plate away from the transverse tensioning plate 13 extends to the side of the mixing mechanism 1 6 away from the mixing mechanism 2 7. The cloth plate passes through a cloth channel located between the mixing mechanism 1 6 and the mixing mechanism 2 7. An adjustment plate slidably connected to the cloth plate is installed at the bottom opening of the cloth channel, and a drive unit 3 fixed to the cloth plate is fixed to the side of the adjustment plate close to the oblique tensioning plate 14.

[0058] The earth-breaking mechanism 5 includes a driving unit four fixedly connected to the frame 1. The bottom output end of the driving unit four is fixedly connected to a U-shaped support frame. The bottom opening of the support frame is rotatably connected to an active shaft three. The outer ring of the active shaft three is fixedly sleeved with a tool fixing roller. The outer ring of the tool fixing roller is fixedly connected to an array-distributed extension rod. The other end of the extension rod is fixedly connected to a earth-breaking knife. The end of the active shaft three extending out of the support frame is equipped with a motor six.

[0059] Example 5:

[0060] The cloth assembly 4 includes a distribution box 41 fixed to the top of the frame 1, a base plate 42 fixed to the bottom of the distribution box 41, a receiving trough 1 43 and a receiving trough 2 44 distributed along the direction of the liquid storage tank 1 2 and the liquid storage tank 2 3 at the bottom of the base plate 42, a mixing mechanism 1 6 is installed at the position of the receiving trough 2 44, a mixing mechanism 2 7 is installed at the position of the receiving trough 1 43, a separation plate 45 of a triangular structure fixed to the top of the base plate 42 is installed between the receiving trough 1 43 and the receiving trough 2 44, a baffle 46 fixed to the base plate 42 is installed on the side of the receiving trough 1 43 away from the receiving trough 2 44, and the baffle An air injection pipe 47 fixed to the distribution box 41 is installed on the top of 46, and a nozzle 48 is installed on the end of the air injection pipe 47 extending into the distribution box 41. A hopper 49 is fixed to the top of the distribution box 41, and an isolation frame 410 with a ring structure is fixed to the inside of one side of the hopper 49. Two groups of parallel crushing rollers 411 are rotatably connected to the inside of the isolation frame 410. A guide plate 3 412 fixed to the inner wall of the isolation frame 410 is installed on the top of the side where the two groups of crushing rollers 411 are away from each other. A motor 3 is installed on the end of the crushing roller 411 extending out of the isolation frame 410, and an exhaust hole is opened on the top of the distribution box 41.

[0061] Example 6:

[0062] The mixing mechanism 16 includes a driving shaft 161 arranged above the receiving trough 244 inside the distribution box 41 of the material distributing component 4, and the two ends of the driving shaft 161 are rotatably connected to the end cover 62 fixedly sleeved with the distribution box 41 of the material distributing component 4. Two groups of conveying blades 163 fixedly sleeved with the driving shaft 161 are installed between the two groups of end cover 62, and the two groups of conveying blades 163 are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the driving shaft 161. The structure of the mixing mechanism 16 is consistent with that of the mixing mechanism 27. The end of the driving shaft 161 extending out of the end cover 62 is installed with a motor 4, and the two groups of end cover 62 extend out of the distribution box 41 of the material distributing component 4. The bottom of each end is fixedly connected with a connecting pipe 64, and a cylindrical discharge box 65 is fixedly connected between the bottoms of the two groups of connecting pipes 64. The internal rotation of the discharge box 65 is connected to the driving shaft 2 68, and the outer ring of the driving shaft 2 68 is fixedly sleeved with a conveying blade 2 69 symmetrically arranged along its axis. A discharge port 610 is passed through the bottom of the discharge box 65, and an infusion cover shell 66 arranged along its length direction is fixedly connected to the top of the discharge box 65. A nozzle 2 67 connected to the infusion cover shell 66 is inlaid on the top of the discharge box 65. A motor 5 is installed at the end of the driving shaft 2 68 extending out of the discharge box 65. The structure of the mixing mechanism 1 6 is consistent with that of the mixing mechanism 2 7.

[0063] Example 7:

[0064] A control box is installed on the top of the frame 1, and a battery, an air pump and a controller are installed inside the control box. A display screen, a power interface, a data interface and a switch are installed on one side of the control box. Drive unit 1, drive unit 2 35, drive unit 3 and drive unit 4 all use push rod motors; the air pump is connected to the jet pipe 47 through an air pipe, and a solenoid valve is installed on the air pipe. The controller is connected to the push rod motor, air pump, infusion pump, solenoid valve, motor 1, motor 2, motor 3, motor 4, motor 5, motor 6, motor 7, motor 8, battery display screen, power interface, data interface and switch.

[0065] Example 8:

[0066] A method for using a device for improving the quality of sand ginger black soil farmland using straw comprises the following steps:

[0067] S1. Collect the properties of the improved soil to determine the soil improvement plan, including the straw landfill depth and amount, the type and amount of bacteria, the composition and amount of the inorganic solution, and whether there is stubble in the improved soil;

[0068] S2 puts the improved straw, inoculum and inorganic solution into the device according to the soil improvement plan, adjusts the device state, puts the device on the land and connects it to the traction locomotive;

[0069] S3 uses equipment and traction locomotives to perform soil improvement operations.

[0070] Working principle: When improving the sand ginger black soil, first put the crushed straw for improvement and pre-processing into the cloth component 4, then put the bacteria for straw fermentation and the inorganic solution for improving the soil into the liquid storage tank 1 2 and the liquid storage tank 2 3, then connect the frame 1 with the traction locomotive, and then start the improvement operation of the sand ginger black soil. The frame 1 moves forward with the traction locomotive, and the soil-breaking mechanism 5 first breaks and loosens the soil from the front end, and then transfers the broken and loose soil upward through the transfer distribution component 8. At the same time, the distribution component 4 separates and transports the straw, and then performs a light-weight separation operation on the straw. The light straw is transported along the mixing mechanism 1 6, and the heavier straw is transported along the mixing mechanism 2 7. At the same time, the soil transported from the transfer and distribution component 8 is covered twice by the soil amount adjustment mechanism 110. The first covering is to cover the heavier straw transported by the mixing mechanism 2 7, and the second covering is to cover the light straw transported by the mixing mechanism 1 6 on top of the first covering layer, thereby achieving light and heavy straw separation and multi-layer landfill operation;

[0071] When light straw separation is realized, the air pump is started, the air flow enters the air jet pipe 47, and then is ejected along the nozzle 1 48 to blow and separate the crushed straw discharged from the hopper 49. The light straw moves to the receiving trough 2 44 position of the mixing mechanism 1 6 under the action of the air flow, and the heavier straw goes down to the receiving trough 1 43 position, realizing the separation operation of light and heavy straw. Then, under the action of the motor 4, the conveying blade 1 63 on the driving shaft 1 61 conveys the straw to the inside of the end cover 62, and then conveys it to the discharge box 65 along the connecting pipe 1 64. Thereafter, under the action of the conveying blade 2 69, it is conveyed to the discharge port 610 position of the lower feed box 65. At the same time, the bacteria and the inorganic solution for improving the soil transported to the inside of the infusion cover 66 are sprayed onto the straw by the nozzle 2 67 to mix with the straw, and then conveyed to the ground along the discharge port 610 to wait for soil covering.

[0072] When loosening the soil, the motor 6 is started, the driving shaft 3 rotates, and the soil-breaking knife rotates to loosen the soil. Thereafter, as the vehicle frame 1 moves forward, the shovel plate 32 on the shovel mechanism shovels the broken and loosened soil, and then the soil falls along the upper end of the shovel plate 32 onto the filter plate 1 21. The filter plate 1 21 filters the soil, and the straw residues and large stones in the soil are filtered by the filter plate 1 21. The soil falls downward onto the guide plate 1 22 and then moves downward to the top of the conveyor belt 17. Then, the bulldozer 18 moves along the oblique tensioning plate 14 toward the transverse tensioning plate 13, and finally the soil falls onto the soil amount adjustment mechanism 110.

[0073] The filtered stones and straw residues fall downward onto the guide plate 24 at the top of the receiving trough 23, and then slide along the guide plate 24 to the inside of the cover 1 25. When improving wasteland, no crops are planted on the wasteland, and there is no need to clean the straw residues. At this time, the switching unit 213 is adjusted to a vertical state, and the flip plate 2132 on the switching unit 213 is in a vertical state to block the feed port 1 at the bottom of the lifting unit 27. The filtered stones fall from the front end of the flip plate 2132 to the slag discharge trough 212 and are discharged from the outside of the cover 1 25 to the top of the soil, making it convenient for farmers to collect the stones.

[0074] After the soil has been cultivated, it is only necessary to filter the remaining straw stubble in the soil. At this time, the state of the switching unit 213 is adjusted so that the flip plate 2132 is in a horizontal state. The filtered stubble enters the lifting unit 27 along the feed port 1 from the top of the flip plate 2132. At the same time, the flip plate 2132 can also filter the small stones mixed in the stubble. The straw stubble enters the lifting unit 27 and is transported by the lifting blades to the discharge pipe 1 211 and then falls into the isolation frame 410. The straw stubble is crushed by the crushing roller 411 and the separated straw stubble enters the distribution box 41 to be separated and used.

[0075] At the same time, when improving, the driving unit 4 on the soil-breaking mechanism 5 is used to adjust the depth of the soil-breaking layer, the driving unit 2 35 is used to adjust the downward deflection depth of the shovel plate 32, the amount of soil shoveled is adjusted, and the soil amount adjustment mechanism 110 is used to adjust the first and second covering amounts, so as to achieve straw covering and landfilling operations at different depths and different layers, which is suitable for soil improvement operations under different conditions;

[0076] The design first adopts a light straw separation and transportation method to separate light straw from heavier straw, and improves the soil by burying heavier straw at the bottom and light straw on the top of the separated straw. The straw itself is fermented and processed, so that the improved straw can slowly and evenly release fertility, improve the durability and efficiency of soil improvement, and avoid the burning of seedlings caused by rapid release of fertility. At the same time, according to the properties of the soil, different depths of soil crushing and shoveling operations are selected to adjust the straw landfill depth to suit different types of soil improvement operations and improve the scope of application of soil improvement. During the improvement operation, the stones in the soil can be separated and collected according to the soil conditions. At the same time, the crop residues can be dug, separated, crushed and recycled, and the residual residues can be directly used as raw materials in the improvement process, which is convenient for cleaning the residues and improving the quality of soil improvement.

[0077] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and replacements made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for improving the quality of arable land in sandy ginger black soil using straw, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vehicle frame, wherein a first liquid storage tank, a second liquid storage tank and a material distribution assembly are connected to the top of the vehicle frame in sequence, a transfer distribution assembly is provided at the bottom of the vehicle frame, a drive unit 1 fixed to the top of the transfer distribution assembly is fixed to the vehicle frame, a soil breaking mechanism connected to the vehicle frame is installed at the front end of the transfer distribution assembly, and a mixing mechanism 1 and a mixing mechanism 2 are connected to the material distribution assembly, and the mixing mechanism 1 and the mixing mechanism 2 are distributed along the direction from the second liquid storage tank to the first liquid storage tank; The transmission mechanism is that the cam is provided with an angular channel, and the cam is provided with a circle, and the cam is provided with a circle, and the cam is provided with a circle, and the cam is provided with a circle, and the cam is provided with a circle, and the cam is provided with a circle, and the cam is provided with a circle, and the cam is provided with a circle, and the cam is provided with a circle, and the cam is provided with a circle, and the cam is provided with a circle, and the cam is provided with The soil amount adjustment mechanism includes a distribution plate arranged below one end of the transverse tensioning plate away from the oblique tensioning plate, the distribution plate is fixedly connected to the side plate, and the distribution plate is arranged obliquely downward in the direction from the oblique tensioning plate to the transverse tensioning plate. The end of the distribution plate away from the transverse tensioning plate extends to a side of the mixing mechanism 1 away from the mixing mechanism 2. The distribution plate passes through a distribution channel located between the mixing mechanism 1 and the mixing mechanism 2. An adjustment plate slidably connected to the distribution plate is installed at the bottom opening of the distribution channel. A driving unit 3 fixed to the distribution plate is fixed to the side of the adjustment plate close to the oblique tensioning plate. The distributing assembly includes a distribution box fixedly connected to the top of the frame, a base plate fixedly connected to the bottom of the distribution box, a material receiving trough 1 and a material receiving trough 2 distributed in the directions of liquid storage tank 1 and liquid storage tank 2 are opened at the bottom of the base plate, a mixing mechanism 1 is installed at the position of material receiving trough 2, and the mixing mechanism 2 is installed at the position of material receiving trough 1, a separation plate with a triangular structure fixed to the top of the base plate is installed between material receiving trough 1 and material receiving trough 2, a baffle fixed to the base plate is installed on the top of the baffle, an air injection pipe fixed to the distribution box is installed, and a nozzle 1 is installed on the end of the air injection pipe extending into the distribution box, a hopper is fixed to the top of the distribution box, an isolation frame of an annular structure is fixed to the inside of one side of the hopper, two groups of parallel crushing rollers are rotatably connected to the inside of the isolation frame, a guide plate 3 fixed to the inner side wall of the isolation frame is installed on the top of the side where the two groups of crushing rollers are away from each other, and a motor 3 is installed on the end of the crushing roller extending out of the isolation frame; Light straw is transported along the first mixing mechanism, and heavier straw is transported along the second mixing mechanism. At the same time, the soil transported from the transfer and distribution component is covered twice through the soil quantity regulating mechanism. The first covering is for covering the heavier straw transported by the second mixing mechanism, and the second covering is for covering the light straw transported by the first mixing mechanism above the first covering layer.

2. The device for improving the quality of arable land using straw as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The filter reflux mechanism includes a filter plate 1 fixedly connected and obliquely arranged between the two groups of side plates, and the filter plate 1 is obliquely arranged downwardly along the direction from the oblique tensioning plate to the earth-breaking mechanism, an intercepting plate is fixedly connected to the top of one end of the filter plate away from the earth-breaking mechanism, and a guide plate 1 is fixedly connected to the bottom of one end of the filter plate close to the earth-breaking mechanism, and a material receiving trough with an opening on the top fixed to the side plate is installed at the bottom of the guide plate 1 at one end away from the oblique tensioning plate, and a guide plate 2 is fixedly connected to the inside of the material receiving trough, and a cover shell 1 is fixedly connected to the side of one of the side plates away from the material receiving trough, and the cover shell 1 is connected to the inside of the material receiving trough, and the guide plate 2 extends from the material receiving trough to the cover shell 1. The top of the retaining sleeve is provided with a discharge pipe 1 fixed to the lifting unit.

3. The device for improving the quality of arable land using straw as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The shoveling mechanism includes a rotating rod arranged between two groups of side plates and rotatably connected to the side plates. The outer ring of the rotating rod is fixedly sleeved with a shoveling plate. Both sides of the shoveling plate are fixedly connected with protective plates that abut against adjacent side plates. A push-pull rod is fixed between the two groups of protective plates. The outer ring of the push-pull rod is rotatably connected to a drive unit 2 hinged to the bottom of the horizontal plate.

4. The device for improving the quality of arable land using straw as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The bulldozer blade is provided with inner grooves arranged in sequence along its length direction on the side away from the conveyor belt. The scraping and pressing mechanism includes a driven rod rotatably connected to the side plate. The outer ring of the driven rod is fixedly sleeved with a mounting roller. The outer ring of the mounting roller is fixedly sleeved with a combing and pressing disk distributed in sequence along its length direction. The end of the driven rod extending out of the side plate is installed with a motor seven, and the end of the driving roller extending out of the side plate is installed with a motor eight.

5. The device for improving the quality of arable land using straw as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting unit includes a lifting cylinder fixedly sleeved with a cover shell, the bottom of the lifting cylinder is fixedly connected to a pad, a feeding port is opened at the bottom of the lifting cylinder on the side close to the switching unit, a rotating shaft is provided inside the lifting cylinder and is rotatably connected to the top of the lifting cylinder, a motor is installed at one end of the rotating shaft extending from the top of the lifting cylinder, a lifting blade with a spiral structure is fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of the rotating shaft, and the end of the lifting cylinder extending from the top of the cover shell is fixedly connected to a discharge pipe; The switching unit includes a rotating rod arranged at the end of the pad and rotatably connected to the cover shell. The outer ring of the rotating rod is fixedly sleeved with a flip plate. The side of the flip plate away from the pad is penetrated by a blanking channel arranged in sequence along its length direction. The end of the rotating rod extending out of the cover shell is installed with motor 2.

6. The device for improving the quality of arable land in sandy ginger black soil using straw as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing mechanism includes a driving shaft 1 arranged inside the cloth distribution component, and both ends of the driving shaft are rotatably connected to the end cover shells fixedly sleeved with the cloth distribution component, and two conveying blades 1 fixedly sleeved with the driving shaft 1 are installed between the two end cover shells, and the two conveying blades 1 are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the driving shaft 1, and the end of the driving shaft 1 extending out of the end cover shell is installed with a motor 4, and the bottoms of the ends of the two end cover shells extending out of the cloth distribution component are fixedly connected to a connecting pipe 1, and a cylindrical material discharge box is fixedly connected between the bottoms of the two connecting pipes 1, and the interior of the discharge box is rotatably connected to the driving shaft 2, and the outer ring of the driving shaft 2 is fixedly sleeved with conveying blades 2 symmetrically arranged along its axis, the bottom of the discharge box is penetrated by a discharge port, and the top of the discharge box is fixedly connected to an infusion cover shell arranged along its length direction, and the top of the discharge box is inlaid with a nozzle 2 connected to the infusion cover shell, and the end of the driving shaft 2 extending out of the discharge box is installed with a motor 5. The structure of the mixing mechanism 1 is consistent with that of the mixing mechanism 2.

7. The device for improving the quality of arable land using straw as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The earth-breaking mechanism includes a drive unit four fixedly connected to the frame, the bottom output end of the drive unit four is fixedly connected to a U-shaped support frame, the bottom opening of the support frame is rotatably connected to an active shaft three, the outer ring of the active shaft three is fixedly sleeved with a tool fixing roller, the outer ring of the tool fixing roller is fixedly connected to an array-distributed extension rod, the other end of the extension rod is fixedly connected to a earth-breaking knife, and the end of the active shaft three extending out of the support frame is equipped with a motor six.

8. A method for using a device for improving the quality of arable land in sandy ginger black soil using straw according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Collect the properties of the improved soil to determine the soil improvement plan, including the straw landfill depth and amount, the type and amount of bacteria, the composition and amount of the inorganic solution, and whether there is stubble in the improved soil; S2 puts the improved straw, inoculum and inorganic solution into the device according to the soil improvement plan, adjusts the device state, puts the device on the land and connects it to the traction locomotive; S3 uses equipment and traction locomotives to perform soil improvement operations.

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