Intelligent irrigation agricultural system and method

Abstract

A new type of intelligent irrigation agricultural system and method, including control host and unmanned aerial vehicle, light radiation sensor, water gate and fertilizer applicator connected with the control host, and including the following steps: image acquisition; the image is divided into plant area and soil area; the image is processed by gray scale; it is judged whether the plant needs to be fertilized; it is judged whether the soil needs to be irrigated; irrigation and fertilization control are carried out according to various parameters of the above steps. Different from the existing mode, the soil humidity can be judged by comparing the information stored in the database through visual recognition, and the irrigation amount is controlled, and at the same time, the plant growth can be judged by visual recognition, and the fertilizer is controlled, the effect is good, and it is not limited by the terrain, and the overall situation can be controlled.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of Internet of Things smart irrigation, in particular to a smart irrigation agricultural system and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the existing intelligent farmland, soil humidity monitors and light radiation sensors are usually set at multiple positions to monitor various parameters, and then the irrigation amount is controlled based on the above parameters. However, in actual use, the number of the above monitors cannot be set too much due to cost constraints. Moreover, due to the difference in terrain, the humidity value at the soil humidity monitor of part of the farmland cannot represent the humidity information of the entire farmland, and the humidity parameter cannot be used to determine whether fertilization is needed for the plants, which has great limitations. SUMMARY

[0003] To solve the problem that the existing irrigation control method relies on soil humidity monitors and has great limitations and cannot control the overall situation, the present application provides a smart irrigation agricultural system and method.

[0004] The technical scheme of the present application is as follows:

[0005] A smart irrigation agricultural system, comprising a control host and an unmanned aerial vehicle, a light radiation sensor, a water gate and a fertilizer applicator in communication connection with the control host.

[0006] The control host is integrated with an image processing module and a database module.

[0007] The image processing module can perform gray scale processing on the image and calculate the gray scale value of the image after gray scale processing, and the database module can store information.

[0008] The unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with a camera unit.

[0009] The unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with a camera unit.

[0010] A smart irrigation agricultural method, applicable to the above-mentioned smart irrigation agricultural system, and comprising the following steps:

[0011] S1, image acquisition, at noon, the farmland image is captured by the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the captured image is transmitted to the control host;

[0012] S2, the image is divided into plant area and soil area;

[0013] S3, the image is subjected to gray scale processing;

[0014] S4, calculate the average gray value of the plant area, determine whether the plant needs to be fertilized according to the light radiation value of the image shooting time and the growth period of the plant;

[0015] S5, calculate the average gray value of the soil area, determine whether the soil needs to be irrigated according to the light radiation value of the image shooting time and the soil level;

[0016] S6, if the plant needs to be fertilized and the soil needs to be irrigated, control the fertilizer device to add corresponding fertilizer, and open the water gate for water and fertilizer irrigation;

[0017] If the plant needs to be fertilized and the soil does not need to be irrigated, control the fertilizer device to add corresponding fertilizer, and open the water gate for water and fertilizer irrigation with the minimum irrigation amount;

[0018] If the plant does not need to be fertilized and the soil needs to be irrigated, control the water gate to open and irrigate.

[0019] The soil moisture is determined by comparing the information stored in the database through visual recognition, and the irrigation amount is controlled. At the same time, the plant growth is determined by visual recognition, and the fertilization is controlled. The effect is good, and it is not limited by the terrain. It can control the overall situation.

[0020] The way to compare the fertilization parameters is that in step S4, based on historical data, the corresponding relationship among the light radiation value, the growth period of the plant, and the plant standard gray value interval is established in the database module. Based on the corresponding relationship, it is determined whether the plant area image average gray value falls into the plant standard gray value interval, and whether the plant needs to be fertilized is judged.

[0021] The way to compare the irrigation parameters is that in step S5, based on historical data, the corresponding relationship among the light radiation value, the soil level, and the soil standard gray value interval is established in the database module. Based on the corresponding relationship, it is determined whether the soil area image average gray value falls into the soil standard gray value interval, and whether the soil needs to be irrigated is judged.

[0022] As a preferred scheme, whether the plant needs to be fertilized is realized by the following operation:

[0023] Determine whether the plant area image average gray value falls into the plant standard gray value interval. If it falls into the plant standard gray value interval, no fertilization is needed. If it does not fall into the plant standard gray value interval and is greater than the upper limit gray value of the plant standard gray value interval, fertilization is needed.

[0024] As a preferred scheme, whether the plant needs to be irrigated is realized by the following operation:

[0025] Judge whether the average gray value of the soil region image falls into the soil standard gray value interval, if falls into the soil standard gray value interval, irrigation is not needed, if does not fall into the soil standard gray value interval and is greater than the upper limit gray value of the soil standard gray value interval, irrigation is needed.

[0026] In order to be suitable for application in different regions, the soil level specifically includes black soil, loess, green soil and red soil.

[0027] In order to facilitate the control of irrigation and fertilization according to weather requirements, the control host is further communicatively connected with a rainfall sensor, the takeoff interval time of the unmanned aerial vehicle is a fixed value, and if the total rainfall of the rainfall sensor within the interval time exceeds a preset value, the takeoff interval time is postponed.

[0028] The establishment mode of the database for judging whether to fertilize is that, according to a historical light radiation value range, the light radiation value is divided into a plurality of light radiation intervals; according to plant growth characteristics, the plant life cycle is divided into a plurality of plant growth intervals, under a certain fixed light radiation value condition, the plant color in each plant growth interval is processed into gray scale, and then the plant color is divided into a plurality of plant standard gray value intervals corresponding to the plant growth intervals, and according to historical data, the corresponding relationship between each light radiation interval and each plant growth interval and the plant standard gray value interval is formed.

[0029] The establishment mode of the database for judging whether to irrigate is that, according to a historical light radiation value range, the light radiation value is divided into a plurality of light radiation intervals; according to soil levels, the soil levels are divided into a plurality of soil level intervals, under a certain fixed light radiation value condition, the soil color in each soil level interval is processed into gray scale, and then the soil color is divided into a plurality of soil standard gray value intervals corresponding to the soil level intervals, and according to historical data, the corresponding relationship between each light radiation interval and each soil level interval and the soil standard gray value interval is formed.

[0030] The application has the advantages that: the application is a smart irrigation agricultural system and method, which is different from the existing methods, and innovatively proposes a method for judging plant growth and soil humidity through visual recognition, which can control the overall situation of farmland and control irrigation and fertilization, has good effect, and the database establishment mode can adapt to different situations, has better irrigation and fertilization control effect, and through the comparison method of changing parameters, the corresponding adjustment can be made according to the soil and light of different regions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] The schemes and advantages of the present application will become clear to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not considered as limiting the application.

[0032] In the drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 The present application is an unmanned shooting picture area division schematic diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present application is an unmanned shooting picture area division schematic diagram.

[0035] The control host is integrated with an image processing module and a database module; the image processing module can perform gray scale processing on images and calculate the gray scale values of the images after gray scale processing, and the database module can store information and perform data comparison to ensure that the control host can control the execution member to act.

[0036] It should be noted that in the above structure, the unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with a camera unit, and every other preset time, the unmanned aerial vehicle can be controlled to fly above the farmland and take pictures, while the light radiation sensor can be arranged in the farmland to measure the light radiation value, and the water gate and the fertilizer applicator will not be described again, one is used to control the water flow for irrigation, and the other is used to apply water and fertilizer.

[0037] Specific use mode is, control host through unmanned aerial vehicle shooting image and after control host processing judgment, control irrigation and fertilization, effect is good cut not to be limited to the influence of topography, and can control overall information, specific mode is, every other preset time, unmanned aerial vehicle flies and takes pictures and transmits to control host simultaneously, control host carries out gray scale processing to image information, and takes the light radiation value of light radiation sensor as reference condition, compares the information in the database module, and then controls the execution member to irrigate or fertilize by whether it falls into the interval.

[0038] And the specific mode is a kind of intelligent irrigation agricultural method, applicable to the above-mentioned one kind of intelligent irrigation agricultural system, and comprising the following steps:

[0039] S1, image acquisition, at noon, the farmland image is shot by the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the shot image is transmitted to the control host, the sun irradiation plant will produce shadow, and the image shot at noon can effectively avoid the interference of the above-mentioned shadow;

[0040] S2, the image is divided into plant area and soil area, and the fertilization is controlled according to the information of plant area, and the irrigation is controlled according to the information of soil area;

[0041] S3, the image is processed by gray scale;

[0042] S4, calculate the average gray value of the plant area, judge whether the plant needs to be fertilized according to the light radiation value of the image shooting time and the growth period of the plant; it should be noted that under different light radiation values, for the same plant and in the same growth period, the gray value shown on the image is also different, for example, on cloudy days and sunny days, the pictures taken by the unmanned aerial vehicle will be obviously different, and the gray processing will also be different accordingly, therefore, after obtaining the average gray value, the influence of the light radiation value needs to be considered, and the same applies to the growth period of the plant, under the same light radiation value, plants in different growth periods will show different colors, including light green or dark green, or even mature yellow, considering these influencing factors, correct comparison can be made.

[0043] Therefore, the way to realize the comparison of fertilization parameters is that, in step S4, based on historical data, the corresponding relationship among the light radiation value, the growth period of the plant and the plant standard gray value interval is established in the database module, based on the corresponding relationship, it is determined whether the average gray value of the plant area image falls into the plant standard gray value interval, and it is judged whether the plant needs to be fertilized.

[0044] In the above steps, the establishment of the database for judging whether to fertilize is that, according to the historical light radiation value range, the light radiation value is divided into several light radiation intervals; according to the growth characteristics of the plant, the plant life cycle is divided into several plant growth intervals, under a certain fixed light radiation value condition, the color of the plant in each plant growth interval is processed into gray, and then the plant color is divided into several plant standard gray value intervals corresponding to the plant growth interval, according to the historical data, the corresponding relationship among each light radiation interval, each plant growth interval and the plant standard gray value interval is formed, and the above-mentioned preset plant standard gray value interval is obtained by statistical historical data, therefore, when comparing after storing it in the database module, the light radiation interval used for comparison can be determined according to the shooting time value of the light radiation sensor, then in this light radiation interval, the growth period of the plant can be determined according to the planting time of the plant, and then the plant growth interval value can be determined in the light radiation interval, at this time, the preset plant standard gray value interval value can be obtained, only the average gray value of the plant area of the image and the two limit values of the interval value need to be compared, whether it is in a normal state or not can be judged, if it is in a normal state, fertilization is not needed, and if it is in an abnormal state, fertilization is needed.

[0045] It can be seen that whether the plant needs to be fertilized is realized by the following operations:

[0046] Whether the average gray value of the plant region image falls into the plant standard gray value interval can determine whether the plant is withered due to lack of fertilizer, and then determine whether to fertilize. After the plant is withered due to lack of fertilizer, the average gray value of the plant region image will be different from the normal gray value interval, so the difference can be used to control fertilization.

[0047] S5, calculate the average gray value of the soil region, determine whether the soil needs to be irrigated according to the light radiation value of the image shooting time and the soil level; the same as step S4, it needs to be explained that under different light radiation values, the gray value of the soil with the same humidity on the image is also different, for example, on cloudy days and sunny days, the pictures taken by the unmanned aerial vehicle will be obviously different, and the corresponding gray value after processing will also be different. Therefore, after obtaining the average gray value of the soil region, the influence of the light radiation value needs to be considered, and the soil level is the same. In order to be applicable to different regions, the system needs to cover a variety of soil information, and the soil level specifically includes black soil, loess, green soil and red soil. Therefore, the soil level needs to be determined first, and then the application can be carried out. In the case of the same light radiation value, different soil levels will present different colors, including the above-mentioned various colors. Considering these influencing factors, correct comparison can be carried out.

[0048] The way to realize the comparison of irrigation parameters is that in step S5, based on historical data, the corresponding relationship among light radiation value, soil level and soil standard gray value interval is established in the database module. Based on the corresponding relationship, it is determined whether the average gray value of the soil region image falls into the soil standard gray value interval, and whether the soil needs to be irrigated.

[0049] And in the above process, the establishment method of the database for determining whether to irrigate is that, according to the historical light radiation value range, the light radiation value is divided into several light radiation intervals; according to the soil level, the soil level is divided into several soil level intervals, the soil color in each soil level interval is processed into a gray scale under the condition of a fixed light radiation value, and then the soil color is divided into several soil standard gray value intervals corresponding to the soil level interval, and the corresponding relationship between each light radiation interval, each soil level interval and the soil standard gray value interval is formed according to the historical data. And the above-mentioned preset soil standard gray value interval is obtained by statistical historical data, so, the same as step S4, when comparing after storing in the database module, the light radiation sensor shooting time value can be used to determine which light radiation interval is selected for comparison, then the corresponding soil level interval is selected in the light radiation interval, and the soil level interval value in the light radiation interval can be determined, at this time, the preset soil standard gray value interval value can be obtained, only the image soil region average gray value and the two limit values of the interval value need to be compared, whether it is in a normal state or not can be determined, if it is in a normal state, irrigation is not needed, and if it is in an abnormal state, irrigation is needed.

[0050] It can also be seen that whether the plant needs to be irrigated is realized by the following operations:

[0051] Whether the soil region image average gray value falls into the soil standard gray value interval can determine whether the soil humidity is caused by lack of water to cause ash and white, and then determine whether to irrigate. If the soil humidity is not enough, it will cause ash and white, which will show different gray values, so irrigation can be determined.

[0052] S6, if the plant needs to be fertilized and the soil needs to be irrigated, the fertilizer is added to the fertilizer device, and the water gate is opened to irrigate the water and fertilizer;

[0053] If the plant needs to be fertilized and the soil does not need to be irrigated, the fertilizer is added to the fertilizer device, and the water gate is opened to irrigate the water and fertilizer with the minimum irrigation amount. Because the fertilizer cannot be applied without being dissolved by water flow, even if irrigation is not needed, the fertilizer needs to be added with water flow as a medium.

[0054] If the plant does not need to be fertilized and the soil needs to be irrigated, the water gate is controlled to be opened and irrigated.

[0055] As can be seen from the above method, the soil humidity is determined by comparing the information stored in the database through visual recognition, and the irrigation amount is controlled, and at the same time, the plant growth is determined through visual recognition, and the fertilization is controlled, which has good effect and is not limited by the terrain, and the overall situation can be controlled.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment, in order to facilitate the control of irrigation and fertilization according to the weather demand, the control host is further communicatively connected with a rainfall sensor, the take-off interval time of the unmanned aerial vehicle is a fixed value, and if the total rainfall of the rainfall sensor within the interval time exceeds a preset value, the take-off interval time is postponed.

Claims

1. An irrigation method of a smart irrigation agricultural system, characterized by, The intelligent irrigation agricultural system comprises a control host, a unmanned aerial vehicle, a light radiation sensor, a water gate and a fertilizer applicator which are in communication connection with the control host; The control host is integrated with an image processing module and a database module; The image processing module can perform gray processing on images and calculate the gray values of the images after the gray processing, and the database module can store information; The unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with a camera unit; And comprises the following steps: S1, image acquisition, at noon, the unmanned aerial vehicle shoots the image of the farmland, and transmits the shot image to the control host; S2, the image is divided into plant area and soil area; S3, the image is subjected to gray processing; S4, the average gray value of the plant area is calculated, the corresponding relationship among the light radiation value, the growth period of the plant and the plant standard gray value interval is established in the database module based on the historical data according to the light radiation value at the image shooting time and the growth period of the plant, and whether the plant area image average gray value falls into the plant standard gray value interval is determined based on the corresponding relationship, whether the plant needs to be fertilized is judged, and whether the plant needs to be irrigated is judged by the following operation: if the plant area image average gray value falls into the plant standard gray value interval, no fertilization is needed; if the plant area image average gray value does not fall into the plant standard gray value interval and is greater than the upper limit gray value of the plant standard gray value interval, fertilization is needed; S5, the average gray value of the soil area is calculated, the corresponding relationship among the light radiation value, the soil level and the soil standard gray value interval is established in the database module based on the historical data according to the light radiation value at the image shooting time and the soil level, and whether the soil area image average gray value falls into the soil standard gray value interval is determined based on the corresponding relationship, whether the soil needs to be irrigated is judged, and whether the plant needs to be irrigated is judged by the following operation: if the soil area image average gray value falls into the soil standard gray value interval, no irrigation is needed; if the soil area image average gray value does not fall into the soil standard gray value interval and is greater than the upper limit gray value of the soil standard gray value interval, irrigation is needed, and the soil level specifically comprises black soil, loess, green soil and red soil; S6, if the plant needs to be fertilized and the soil needs to be irrigated, the corresponding fertilizer is added to the fertilizer applicator, and the water gate is opened to irrigate the water and fertilizer; If the plant needs to be fertilized and the soil does not need to be irrigated, the corresponding fertilizer is added to the fertilizer applicator, and the water gate is opened to irrigate the water and fertilizer with the minimum irrigation amount; If the plant does not need to be fertilized and the soil needs to be irrigated, the water gate is opened to irrigate.

2. The irrigation method of the smart irrigation agricultural system according to claim 1, wherein, The control host is also in communication connection with a rain sensor, and the takeoff interval time of the unmanned aerial vehicle is a fixed value, if the total rainfall of the rain sensor within the interval time exceeds a preset value, the takeoff interval time is postponed.

3. The irrigation method of the smart irrigation agricultural system according to claim 1, wherein, According to the historical light radiation value range, the light radiation value is divided into several light radiation intervals; according to the plant growth characteristics, the plant life cycle is divided into several plant growth intervals, under the condition of a fixed light radiation value, the plant color in each plant growth interval is processed into gray scale, and the plant color is divided into several plant standard gray value intervals corresponding to the plant growth interval, and the corresponding relationship between each light radiation interval and each plant growth interval and the plant standard gray value interval is formed according to the historical data.

4. The irrigation method of the smart irrigation agricultural system according to claim 1, wherein, According to the historical light radiation value range, the light radiation value is divided into several light radiation intervals; according to the soil level, the soil level is divided into several soil level intervals, under the condition of a fixed light radiation value, the soil color in each soil level interval is processed into gray scale, and the soil color is divided into several soil standard gray value intervals corresponding to the soil level interval, and the corresponding relationship between each light radiation interval and each soil level interval and the soil standard gray value interval is formed according to the historical data.

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