A bevel gear adjusting pad selection method and application
By using tooling to adjust washers and employing precise adjustment methods, the problems of disassembling and assembling the active bevel gear adjusting shims were solved, achieving efficient and precise bevel gear meshing and improving the efficiency and quality of the transmission system.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- AECC AVIATION POWER CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-09
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, the disassembly and assembly of the active bevel gear adjusting pad leads to bearing wear, affects product quality and work efficiency, and has a long assembly cycle, which seriously affects the production schedule.
Tooling adjustment washers are used instead of driving bevel gear adjustment washers. By producing tooling adjustment washers in coarse and fine adjustment groups, precise adjustment can be achieved, avoiding bearing disassembly and assembly, and ensuring that the meshing clearance and color inspection are qualified.
It improves assembly efficiency, reduces the risk of parts damage, enhances product quality and work efficiency, simplifies operation procedures, and is suitable for various transmission systems.
Smart Images
Figure CN118926869B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of testing and installation of bevel gear assemblies, specifically to a method and application for selecting and matching an active bevel gear adjusting shim. Background Technology
[0002] A certain type of aero-engine uses an adjusting shim for the driving bevel gear to adjust the axial dimensions of the driving bevel gear, ensuring the meshing clearance and meshing area of the driving and driven bevel gears. The meshing clearance can be measured using a special tool. The correct meshing area of the bevel gear is determined by coloring the tooth surface normal. When the adjusting shim is thickened, the gears move closer together, and the meshing clearance decreases; when the adjusting shim is thinned, the gears move further apart, and the meshing clearance increases (e.g., ...). Figure 1 (As shown), if the gear clearance or coloring is not up to standard, the adjusting shims of the main and driven bevel gears need to be replaced to change the axial dimensions.
[0003] The driven gear adjusting shim is easy to disassemble and replace directly, while the driving bevel gear adjusting shim uses a bearing press-fitted onto the driving bevel gear. Replacing the adjusting shim requires removing the bearing, and after replacing the adjusting shim, the bearing needs to be heated, reassembled, and allowed to cool to room temperature. This presents the following problems: ① The bearing and the driving bevel gear are interference fit, and repeated disassembly and reassembly may lead to wear of the parts and a reduction in the interference fit, failing to meet design requirements; ② Disassembly, heating, reassembly, and cooling take a long time, wasting assembly time; ③ Since the adjusting shim group is not unlimited, if the requirements are not met, the existing adjusting shims need to be repaired and polished, which seriously affects product quality, work efficiency, and production progress. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To address the problem in existing technologies where the selection of active bevel gear adjusting pads is affected by the disassembly and assembly of bearings, thus impacting product quality and work efficiency, this invention provides a method and application for selecting and matching active bevel gear adjusting pads. By using custom-made tooling instead of the active bevel gear adjusting pad assembly, the disassembly and assembly of bearings can be avoided, thereby improving work efficiency and ensuring product quality.
[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:
[0006] A method for selecting and matching an active bevel gear adjusting shim includes the following steps:
[0007] Step 1: Obtain the adjustable range of the tooling adjustment shim thickness based on the range of the bevel gear adjustment shim;
[0008] Step 2: Distribute the required group of tooling adjustment washers according to the adjustable range of the tooling adjustment washers' thickness.
[0009] Step 3: Assemble and measure the gear meshing clearance, and color-check the meshing parts;
[0010] Step 4: Replace the appropriate tooling adjustment shims based on the measurement and colorimetric inspection results;
[0011] Step 5: Based on the thickness of the adjusting washer used in the tooling, obtain the final required bevel gear adjustment thickness;
[0012] Step 6: Grind the final required bevel gear adjustment shim according to the final required bevel gear thickness obtained in Step 5 to obtain a usable adjustment shim.
[0013] Preferably, in step 1, the adjustable range of the tooling adjustment washer thickness is equivalent to the adjustable range of the bevel gear adjustment shim.
[0014] Preferably, in step 1, the thickness of the tooling adjustment washer meets the adjustment range of the thickness of the active bevel gear adjustment shim.
[0015] Preferably, in step 1, the thickness of the tooling adjustment washer is adjustable between 0 and ΔH, where ΔH is the difference between the maximum and minimum thickness of the active bevel gear adjustment washer, i.e., ΔH = Hmax - Hmin.
[0016] Preferably, in step 2, the tooling adjustment washers are grouped into coarse adjustment and fine adjustment groups. In the coarse adjustment group, the thicknesses of the tooling adjustment washers are 0.1mm, 0.2mm, and 0.5mm, accurate to 0.1mm; in the fine adjustment group, the thicknesses of the tooling adjustment washers are 0.01mm, 0.02mm, and 0.05mm, accurate to 0.01mm. The number of tooling adjustment washers in each group is sufficient to satisfy the maximum thickness H of the driving bevel gear adjustment pad. max With minimum thickness H min Choose the minimum quantity given the difference ΔH.
[0017] Preferably, in step 2, the thickness of the tooling adjustment washer is accurate to 0.01 mm.
[0018] Preferably, in step 3, different groups of tooling adjusting washers are combined with the driving bevel gear according to the principle of equivalence for assembly. During assembly, the drive bevel gear is first installed with the maximum thickness H. max The active bevel gear adjusting shim is then assembled, followed by a tooling adjusting washer with a total thickness of H1.
[0019] Preferably, in step 4, the tooling adjustment shims are increased or decreased according to the inspection results until the meshing clearance and coloring inspection are qualified.
[0020] Preferably, the final required bevel gear adjustment thickness H is obtained as follows: Assuming the thickness of the tooling washer is H1, then H = H max -H1.
[0021] The application of the aforementioned active bevel gear adjusting pad selection method in the field of bevel gear assembly testing and installation.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0023] This invention discloses a method for selecting and matching active bevel gear adjusting shims. Utilizing the principle of equivalence, it changes the traditional method of replacing adjusting shims by disassembling the bearing in the central transmission assembly of a certain type of engine. By fabricating and assembling tooling for the adjusting shims, it avoids the risk of damage to parts caused by repeated bearing disassembly and assembly, and eliminates the need for repeated grinding of the adjusting shims during the adjustment process. This significantly improves assembly efficiency, enhances assembly quality, and reduces labor burden. This method is simple to operate, has low tooling costs, and is highly applicable. It can be extended to the selection and matching of bevel gear adjusting shims in the central transmission assembly of various engines with similar structures, significantly improving work efficiency.
[0024] Furthermore, the adjustable range of the tooling adjustment shim thickness is directly equivalent to the adjustable range of the bevel gear adjustment shim, and meets the specific thickness requirements of the active bevel gear adjustment shim (such as 1.8 to 3.3 mm), while supporting fine adjustment between 0 and 1.5 mm. Through precise mechanical adjustment and assembly processes, the correct meshing and efficient operation of the bevel gear system are ensured.
[0025] Furthermore, by using subdivided groups (such as coarse adjustments of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5 mm and fine adjustments of 0.01 and 0.02 mm) and replacing washers of different thicknesses, coarse and fine adjustments can be achieved, resulting in more precise thickness adjustments. In other words, coarse adjustment groups (such as 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, and 0.5 mm) are used for quick adjustments to the approximate target thickness range. These larger adjustment steps can rapidly narrow the gap with the target thickness, improving adjustment efficiency. Fine adjustment groups (such as 0.01 mm and 0.02 mm) are used for fine adjustments based on the coarse adjustments to achieve higher precision requirements, ensuring the bevel gear system reaches optimal meshing and reducing vibration, noise, and wear caused by thickness errors. Attached Figure Description
[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for selecting and matching an active bevel gear adjusting pad according to the present invention;
[0027] Figure 2 This invention relates to a method for selecting and matching an active bevel gear adjusting shim. Detailed Implementation
[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are for explanation purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
[0029] This invention discloses a method for selecting and matching an active bevel gear adjusting shim, referring to... Figure 1 This includes the following steps:
[0030] Step 1: Obtain the adjustable thickness range of the tooling adjusting shim based on the bevel gear adjusting shim range. The adjustable thickness range of the tooling adjusting shim is equivalent to the adjustable range of the bevel gear adjusting shim. The thickness of the tooling adjusting shim meets the adjustment range of the active bevel gear adjusting shim, and the thickness of the tooling adjusting shim can be adjusted between 0 and ΔH, where ΔH is the maximum thickness H of the active bevel gear adjusting shim. max With minimum thickness H min The difference is ΔH = Hmax - Hmin. For example, the thickness of the driving bevel gear adjusting shim is 1.8 to 3.3 mm, and the thickness of the tooling adjusting shim can be adjusted between 0 and 1.5 mm.
[0031] Step 2: Distribute the required groups of tooling adjustment washers according to the adjustable range of their thickness. The tooling adjustment washer groups are as follows: There are coarse adjustment groups and fine adjustment groups. In the coarse adjustment group, the thicknesses of the tooling adjustment washers are 0.1mm, 0.2mm, and 0.5mm, accurate to 0.1mm. In the fine adjustment group, the thicknesses of the tooling adjustment washers are 0.01mm, 0.02mm, and 0.05mm, accurate to 0.01mm. The number of tooling adjustment washers in each group should be minimized while still satisfying the difference ΔH between the maximum and minimum thickness of the driving bevel gear adjustment shim.
[0032] Step 3: Assemble and measure the gear meshing clearance, and color-check the meshing parts; assemble the tooling adjusting shims of different groups with the driving bevel gear according to the equivalence principle. Group the tooling adjusting shims according to their thickness, typically including coarse adjustment groups (e.g., 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.5mm, etc.) and fine adjustment groups (e.g., 0.01mm, 0.02mm, etc.). Assembly includes coarse adjustment and fine adjustment stages. In the coarse adjustment stage, select the coarse adjustment shim closest to, but not exceeding, the target thickness range for assembly. In the fine adjustment stage, gradually add or replace fine adjustment shims to approach the target thickness. That is, first install the shim with the maximum thickness H on the driving bevel gear. max First, install the driving bevel gear adjusting shim, and then assemble the tooling adjusting shim with a total thickness of H1. For example, assuming the empirical value of the driving bevel gear adjusting shim thickness is 2.5mm, first install a 3.3mm driving bevel gear adjusting shim on the driving bevel gear, and then install a 0.8mm tooling adjusting shim according to the equivalence principle.
[0033] Step 4: Replace the appropriate tooling adjustment shims based on the measurement and colorimetric inspection results. That is, increase or decrease the tooling adjustment shims according to the inspection results until the meshing clearance and colorimetric inspection results are met, thus visually evaluating the effect of the current adjustment. Adjust the thickness of the tooling adjustment shims as needed based on the inspection results until the ideal meshing clearance and colorimetric inspection results are achieved.
[0034] During measurement, measuring tools (such as dial indicators or micrometers) are used to accurately measure the meshing clearance of the bevel gears. The coloring inspection typically involves applying a thin layer of colorant (such as red lead powder or Prussian blue) to the tooth surface of either the driving or driven bevel gear. The gear is then rotated several times under a light load. The transfer of the colorant on the tooth surface is then observed to assess the distribution, uniformity, and size of the contact spots in the meshing contact area.
[0035] Based on the colorimetric inspection results, determine whether to increase or decrease the thickness of the tooling adjustment shims. While ensuring the coloring effect, it is also necessary to ensure that the dimensional meshing clearance meets the design requirements. If the meshing clearance is too large, a thicker shim should be selected for replacement; if the clearance is too small, a thinner shim should be selected or some shims should be removed. During the adjustment process, it should be carried out gradually, replacing only a small number of shims each time, and re-measuring and coloring the shims to evaluate the adjustment effect.
[0036] Step 5: Based on the thickness of the tooling shim used, obtain the final required bevel gear adjustment thickness; assuming the thickness of the tooling shim used is H1, and the final required bevel gear adjustment thickness is H, then H = H max -H1.
[0037] Step 6: Based on the final required bevel gear adjustment thickness obtained in Step 5, the formal adjustment shim is re-ground to obtain a usable adjustment shim, further ensuring a smooth transition from temporary adjustment to formal application.
[0038] This invention relates to a method for selecting and fitting an active bevel gear adjusting shim, which has broad application prospects in the testing and installation of bevel gear assemblies. Especially in transmission systems requiring high precision and reliability, such as bevel gear transmission devices in the automotive, construction machinery, and aerospace industries, this method can significantly improve transmission efficiency, reduce noise and vibration, and extend equipment lifespan.
[0039] The following describes the usage of tooling adjustment shims for adjusting the axial dimension of the drive bevel gear of a certain type of engine: ① The tooling adjustment shims meet the adjustment range of 1.8 to 3.3 mm for the drive bevel gear adjustment shims, and the thickness of the tooling adjustment shims can be calculated to meet the adjustment range of 0 to 1.5 mm; ② The tooling adjustment shims are classified into coarse adjustment group and fine adjustment group. The thicknesses of the tooling adjustment shims in the coarse adjustment group are 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, and 0.5 mm, respectively, with a thickness accuracy to 0.1 mm; the thicknesses of the tooling adjustment shims in the fine adjustment group are 0.01 mm, 0.02 mm, and 0.05 mm, respectively, with a thickness accuracy to 0.01 mm. In this embodiment, the tooling adjustment washers are configured with five washers in the coarse adjustment group, with thicknesses of 0.1mm, 0.2mm, 0.2mm, 0.5mm, and 0.5mm respectively, and four washers in the fine adjustment group, with thicknesses of 0.01mm, 0.02mm, 0.02mm, and 0.05mm respectively. By combining the two groups, all thickness adjustments accurate to 0.01mm between 0 and 1.5mm can be achieved; ③ As Figure 2 As shown, the empirical value for the thickness of the driving bevel gear adjusting shim is 2.5mm. First, install a 3.3mm group driving bevel gear adjusting shim on the driving bevel gear, and then install a 0.8mm tooling adjusting shim according to the equivalence principle; ④ Assemble and measure the gear meshing clearance, and color-check the meshing parts; ⑤ According to the inspection results, add or remove tooling adjusting shims until the meshing clearance and color-check are qualified; ⑥ Calculate the final required bevel gear adjusting thickness as H; ⑦ Grind the final adjusting shim according to the calculated adjusting shim thickness.
[0040] To adjust the axial dimension of the driving bevel gear, multiple sets of tooling adjustment washers are added to replace the driving gear adjustment shims (the installation locations are as follows). Figure 2 As shown, the added tooling adjustment shims are equivalent to thinning the driving bevel gear adjustment shim. Since the thickness range of the driving bevel gear adjustment shim is 1.8–3.3 mm, and it is divided into 16 groups based on a thickness difference of 0.1 mm, the designed tooling adjustment shims must be able to accommodate adjustments within the 1.8–3.3 mm thickness range of the driving bevel gear adjustment shims. Furthermore, to avoid regrinding during the tooling adjustment shim selection process, the shim thickness generally needs to be accurate to 0.01 mm. Therefore, additional tooling adjustment shim groups are required to meet the adjustment requirements.
[0041] This invention provides a method for selecting and matching active bevel gear adjusting shims. It employs the principle of equivalence, using a custom-made tooling fixture to replace the active bevel gear adjusting shim, thus completing the selection and matching process and improving product quality and work efficiency. This invention aims to improve efficiency and quality, and is designed with a simple structure and ease of implementation in mind: ① To improve efficiency, the adjustment method should avoid disassembling the bearing. An equivalent principle is used to add adjusting shims without disassembling the bearing (the tooling is installed at the following positions: ...). Figure 1 (as shown); ② To improve quality, the adjustment method should be able to achieve accurate measurement and ensure the accuracy of the adjusting shim. At the same time, repeated grinding of the adjusting shim during the adjustment process should be avoided (grinding cannot be avoided even after the final size of the adjusting shim is determined); ③ For the sake of simple structure and ease of promotion, the tooling is designed as a simple and versatile multi-group adjusting shim. Through precise measurement, calculation and grinding steps, the meshing clearance and meshing parts of the gears can be ensured to reach the optimal state, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of gear transmission. At the same time, it is easy to promote the adjustment method to other models with similar structures.
[0042] This invention also discloses the application of an active bevel gear adjusting pad selection method in the testing and installation of bevel gear assemblies. It is applicable to the research and development, testing and production stages of bevel gear assemblies. Through fine adjustment and optimization, it ensures that the product performance meets the design requirements and improves product quality and market competitiveness.
[0043] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the technical solution of the present invention in any way. Those skilled in the art should understand that, without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention, the technical solution can be modified and replaced in several simple ways, and these modifications and replacements are all within the scope of protection covered by the claims.
Claims
1. A method for selecting and matching an adjustment shim for an active bevel gear, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the adjustable range of the tooling adjustment shim thickness based on the range of the bevel gear adjustment shim; Among them, the adjustable range of the tooling adjustment washer thickness is equivalent to the adjustable range of the bevel gear adjustment shim; The thickness of the tooling adjustment washer meets the adjustment range of the thickness of the active bevel gear adjustment shim; The thickness of the tooling adjusting shim can be adjusted between 0 and ΔH, where ΔH is the maximum thickness H of the driving bevel gear adjusting shim. max With minimum thickness H min The difference, i.e., ΔH = Hmax - Hmin; Step 2: Distribute the required group of tooling adjustment washers according to the adjustable range of the tooling adjustment washers' thickness. The tooling adjustment washers are divided into coarse adjustment and fine adjustment groups. The thicknesses of the tooling adjustment washers in the coarse adjustment group are 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, and 0.5 mm, respectively, with a thickness accuracy to 0.1 mm. The thicknesses of the tooling adjustment washers in the fine adjustment group are 0.01 mm, 0.02 mm, and 0.05 mm, respectively, with a thickness accuracy to 0.01 mm. The number of tooling adjustment washers in each group is selected to be the minimum while satisfying the difference ΔH between the maximum and minimum thickness of the driving bevel gear adjustment pad. Step 3: Assemble and measure the gear meshing clearance, and color-check the meshing parts; Step 4: Replace the appropriate tooling adjustment shims based on the measurement and colorimetric inspection results; Step 5: Based on the thickness of the adjusting washer used in the tooling, obtain the final required bevel gear adjustment thickness; Step 6: Grind the final required bevel gear adjustment shim according to the final required bevel gear thickness obtained in Step 5 to obtain a usable adjustment shim.
2. The method for selecting and matching the active bevel gear adjusting shim according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the thickness of the tooling adjustment washer is accurate to 0.01mm.
3. The method for selecting and matching the active bevel gear adjusting shim according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step 3, different groups of tooling adjusting washers are combined with the driving bevel gear adjusting shim according to the equivalence principle for assembly. During assembly, the maximum thickness H is first installed on the driving bevel gear. max The active bevel gear adjusting shim is then assembled, followed by a tooling adjusting washer with a total thickness of H1.
4. The method for selecting and matching the active bevel gear adjusting shim according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step 4, based on the inspection results, add or remove tooling adjustment shims H1 until the meshing clearance and coloring inspection are qualified.
5. The method for selecting and matching the active bevel gear adjusting shim according to claim 4, characterized in that, The final required bevel gear adjustment thickness H is obtained as follows: Assuming the thickness of the tooling washer is H1, then H = H max -H1.
6. The application of the active bevel gear adjusting shim selection method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 in the field of bevel gear assembly testing and installation.