Crankshaft main journal and counterweight end face processing equipment

Abstract

The application discloses a crankshaft main connecting shaft neck and balance block end face processing equipment and relates to the technical field of main connecting shaft neck and balance block processing. The crankshaft main connecting shaft neck and balance block end face processing equipment comprises a processing table, a support is arranged on the processing table, the crankshaft comprises a main shaft neck, a connecting rod shaft neck, a balance block, a piston and a rear end flange, one end of the crankshaft is provided with a main connecting shaft neck processing module which is used for processing the main shaft neck and the connecting rod shaft neck and is installed on the processing table, and the other end of the crankshaft is provided with a balance block processing module which is used for processing the end face of the balance block. The end face fitting die is magnetized by a guide rod in the balance block processing module, the end face fitting die can attract and hold the balance block and is closely attached to the end face, the polishing effect is enhanced, the end face fitting film is annealed through a special treatment, the magnetic domain direction of the end face fitting film is opposite to the torque force, and the polishing processing effect under the condition of the torque force is further enlarged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of crankshaft main journal and balance weight machining technology, specifically to a crankshaft main journal and balance weight end face machining equipment. Background Technology

[0002] The crankshaft is the most important component in an engine. It bears the force transmitted from the connecting rod and converts it into torque, which is then output through the crankshaft to drive other accessories on the engine. The crankshaft is subjected to the combined effects of centrifugal force from the rotating mass, periodically changing gas inertial force, and reciprocating inertial force, resulting in bending and torsional loads. Therefore, the crankshaft is required to have sufficient strength and rigidity, and the journal surfaces must be wear-resistant, operate evenly, and have good balance.

[0003] The main journal of the crankshaft is the part of the crankshaft supported in the main bearing housing of the engine block. It is the rotation center of the crankshaft, located at the geometric center of the crankcase. It is mounted on the engine block and can rotate freely. When the connecting rod is mounted on the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft, the center of the connecting rod journal and the main journal are a certain distance apart. Because the two journals are not concentric, when the crankshaft rotates, the inertial mass of the piston and connecting rod causes the crankshaft to lose balance, generating a large centrifugal force. This centrifugal force acts on the main journal, increasing the load. To eliminate this centrifugal force, a balance weight needs to be installed on the crankshaft.

[0004] Therefore, during the machining of the crankshaft main connecting journal and the end face of the balance weight, the main connecting journal and the balance weight are often connected to other crankshaft components such as connecting rods, crank arms, and front shafts. This can lead to interference between the grinding of the balance weight and the machining paths of the components on both sides, resulting in machining failure. Furthermore, when machining the main connecting journal on a conventional lathe, it is often difficult to position it correctly, so the entire crankshaft needs to be disassembled for regional machining of individual parts, which reduces efficiency. In terms of model, the different models of crankshafts result in significant differences in the overall parts, making it difficult for conventional lathes to achieve the necessary machining compatibility. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a machining equipment for the crankshaft main connecting journal and balance block end face, solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a crankshaft main connecting journal and balance block end face machining equipment, comprising a machining table, on which supports for placing an integral crankshaft are symmetrically arranged, wherein the crankshaft is composed of a front end shaft, a main journal, a connecting rod journal, a balance block, a piston, and a rear end flange in a horizontal direction, wherein a main connecting journal machining module for machining the main journal and connecting rod journal and mounted on the machining table is provided at one end of the crankshaft, and a balance block machining module for machining the balance block end face is provided at the other end of the crankshaft;

[0007] The main connecting journal machining module includes two sets of guide seats located at one end of the crankshaft and vertically fixed on the machining table. The top of the two sets of guide seats is fixedly provided with a slide seat with an internal sliding groove. Machining bases that slide in their internal sliding grooves are arranged in an array inside the slide seat. Each machining base has a push groove for the sliding of the push block thereon. Each push block is threadedly connected to the corresponding push screw in the corresponding push groove through an internal thread.

[0008] The slide block in the guide seat controls the horizontal movement of the main connecting journal, and the push block in the push groove inside the machining base controls the parallel position of the machining part from the main connecting journal. Therefore, when machining the main connecting journal of the crankshaft, the appropriate position is selected according to the crankshaft model to achieve the specific machining point.

[0009] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: a mounting plate is welded to the top of each of the propulsion blocks, and hydraulic rods for lifting and lowering are provided on the four sides of the top of each mounting plate. The other end of each hydraulic rod is limited to the corresponding support block. The support block is closely attached to the bottom of the milling cutter mounting assembly with an adjusting shaft passing through the middle. The bottom of the adjusting shaft is rotatably mounted on the top of the corresponding mounting plate through a bearing. The hydraulic rods control the lifting and lowering of the support block, and because the support block is closely attached to the lower plate of the bottom of the milling cutter mounting assembly, the lower plate and the upper plate as a whole undergo height adjustment, thereby controlling the height of the machining arm without affecting the overall horizontal position offset.

[0010] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the milling cutter mounting assembly consists of an upper plate, a lower plate, a positioning rod, and a machining arm. There is an installation area between the upper plate and the lower plate. The positioning rod passes through the upper plate and the lower plate and is installed on the upper plate and the lower plate by fasteners. The machining arm is installed in the installation area between the upper plate and the lower plate by a universal ball structure. As described above, the upper plate and the lower plate are directly controlled by hydraulic rods to adjust the machining height. Due to the arc-shaped surface of the crankshaft's main journal, there is a requirement for the machining angle during the machining process. The universal ball structure can effectively adjust the angle of the machining arm facing the main journal.

[0011] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that, in order to flexibly change the overall angle according to the machining position of the main connecting journal, so as to facilitate machining and operator observation, the upper plate and the lower plate are connected to the adjusting shaft that passes through the middle through a connecting key, and the top of the adjusting shaft is provided with a handle wheel for adjusting rotation; therefore, the adjusting shaft is connected to the upper plate and the lower plate through a connecting piece, and the adjusting shaft drives the upper plate and the lower plate to rotate during the rotation process, without causing the upper plate and the lower plate to interfere with the movement of the adjusting shaft under the push of the hydraulic rod.

[0012] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the balance block processing module includes a transverse partition seat located on the side of the support away from the guide seat and welded to the support. A number of limiting blocks matching the balance block are arranged in a sliding array in the transverse partition groove of the transverse partition seat. Each limiting block has an arc-shaped block welded to the side of the balance block close to the balance block. The arc-shaped block is provided with a bonding component for grinding the end face of the balance block. The balance block and the end face bonding component are in contact to achieve the grinding of the balance block. It should be noted that the balance block has a large mass, and the friction generated often causes the bonding effect of the end face bonding mold to decrease during long-term end face grinding. Once a gap appears between the two end faces, it will lead to grinding failure.

[0013] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In view of the above situation, the bonding assembly comprises a damping shaft, a connecting rod, an end-face bonding mold, a guide rod, and a magnetizing device. The damping shaft is hinged to the arc-shaped block, the connecting rod is sleeved on the damping shaft, the other end of the connecting rod is welded to the end-face bonding mold, the end-face bonding mold is tightly attached to the balance block, the guide rod is connected to the end-face bonding mold, and the magnetizing device is electromagnetically connected to the guide rod. Preferably, the magnetizing device magnetizes the end-face bonding mold through the guide rod, resulting in the end-face bonding mold being able to pull and attract the balance block and tightly attach to the end face. When the balance block rotates, the reverse torque generated by its magnetic attraction increases the friction, thus enhancing the polishing effect.

[0014] A further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention is that: the end face bonding mold is subjected to a specific annealing treatment, and a stress layer is set on the end face bonding mold in close contact with the edge layer of the balance block; the magnetization device consists of an excitation power supply and a magnetization coil; and a threaded rod driven by a servo motor is connected to the transverse partition seat through an internal thread.

[0015] Beneficial effects

[0016] This invention provides a machining equipment for the crankshaft main connecting journal and balance weight end face. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. The crankshaft main connecting journal and balance block end face machining equipment completes the magnetization of the end face bonding mold through the guide rod in the balance block machining module. This causes the end face bonding mold to be able to pull and hold the balance block tightly against the end face. The magnetic attraction force generates a torque in the opposite direction, which increases the friction. Therefore, the grinding effect is enhanced. At the same time, the specific annealing treatment of the end face bonding film further ensures that, under the external magnetic field of the magnetization device and the addition of an extra stress layer, the magnetic domain direction of the end face bonding film is opposite to the torque force, further expanding the grinding effect under a certain torque force.

[0018] 2. The crankshaft main journal and balance block end face machining equipment controls the horizontal movement of the main journal machining part through the slide block in the guide seat of the main journal machining module guide seat, and the push block at the push groove inside the machining base controls the parallel position of the machining part from the main journal. Therefore, when machining the crankshaft main journal, the appropriate position can be selected according to the different crankshaft models to achieve the required machining effect. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a left view of the entire invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main connecting journal machining module of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main connecting journal machining module of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the balance block processing module of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is an enlarged structural schematic diagram of the limiting block of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Machining table; 2. Support;

[0026] 301a, front end shaft; 301b, main journal; 301c, connecting rod journal; 301d, counterweight; 301e, piston; 301f, rear end flange;

[0027] 401a, slide block; 401b, slide groove; 401c, machining base; 401d, feed block; 401e, feed screw; 401f, guide seat;

[0028] 402a, Mounting plate; 402b, Hydraulic rod; 402c, Support block; 402d, Adjusting shaft; 402e, Handwheel;

[0029] 403a, Upper plate; 403b, Lower plate; 403c, Positioning rod; 403d, Processing arm; 403e, Universal ball mechanism; 403f, Connecting key;

[0030] 501a, transverse spacer; 501b, limiting block; 501c, arc-shaped block; 501d, threaded rod;

[0031] 502a, Damping shaft; 502b, Connecting rod; 502c, End face bonding mold; 502d, Guide rod; 502e, Magnetizing device;

[0032] 601a, drive motor; 601b, stopping component; 601c, cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Reference Figures 1-6 This invention provides four technical solutions:

[0035] Example 1:

[0036] A crankshaft main connecting journal and balance block end face machining equipment includes a machining table 1, on which supports 2 for placing the integral crankshaft are symmetrically arranged. The crankshaft is composed of a front end shaft 301a, a main journal 301b, a connecting rod journal 301c, a balance block 301d, a piston 301e, and a rear end flange 301f in the horizontal direction. A main connecting journal machining module for machining the main journal 301b and the connecting rod journal 301c and mounted on the machining table 1 is provided at one end of the crankshaft, and a balance block machining module for machining the balance block end face is provided at the other end of the crankshaft.

[0037] The main journal machining module includes two sets of guide seats 401f located at one end of the crankshaft and vertically fixed on the machining table 1. The top of the two sets of guide seats 401f is fixedly provided with a slide seat 401a with an internal slide groove 401b. Machining bases 401c that slide at their internal slide grooves 401b are arranged in an array inside the slide seat 401a. Each machining base 401c has a push groove for the push block 401d to slide on it. Each push block 401d is threadedly connected to the corresponding push screw 401e in the corresponding push groove through an internal thread.

[0038] In this embodiment, it should be noted that the slide 401a of the inner slide groove 401b of the guide seat 401f controls the horizontal movement of the main connecting journal workpiece, and the push block 410d at the push groove inside the machining base 401c controls the parallel position of the workpiece from the main connecting journal. Therefore, when machining the main connecting journal of the crankshaft, the appropriate position can be selected according to the different crankshaft models to achieve a specific machining point.

[0039] Specifically, the slide block 401a is driven electrically or manually, and the position of the push block 410d is changed by rotating the push screw 401e.

[0040] Example 2:

[0041] Based on Embodiment 1: Each push block 401d has a corresponding mounting plate 402a welded to its top. Each mounting plate 402a has four hydraulic rods 402b for lifting on its top four sides. The other end of each hydraulic rod 402b is limited to the corresponding support block 402c. The support block 402c is in close contact with the bottom of the milling cutter mounting assembly with the adjusting shaft 402d passing through the middle. The bottom of the adjusting shaft 402d is rotatably mounted on the top of the corresponding mounting plate 402a through a bearing.

[0042] In this embodiment, the hydraulic rod 402b controls the lifting and lowering of the support block 402c. Because the support block 402c is in close contact with the lower plate 403b at the bottom of the milling cutter mounting assembly, the lower plate 403b and the upper plate 403a move up and down as a whole, controlling the height of the machining arm 403d without affecting the overall horizontal position offset.

[0043] The milling cutter mounting assembly consists of an upper plate 403a, a lower plate 403b, a positioning rod 403c, and a machining arm 403d. There is an installation area between the upper plate 403a and the lower plate 403b. The positioning rod 403c passes through the upper plate 403a and the lower plate 403b and is installed on the upper plate 403a and the lower plate 403b by fasteners. The machining arm 403d is installed in the installation area between the upper plate 403a and the lower plate 403b by a universal ball structure 403e.

[0044] As described above, the upper plate 403a and the lower plate 403b are directly controlled by the hydraulic rod 402b to adjust the machining height. Due to the arc-shaped surface of the main journal of the crankshaft, there is a requirement for the machining angle during the machining process. The universal ball structure 403e can effectively adjust the angle of the machining arm 403d facing the main journal.

[0045] The upper plate 403a and the lower plate 403b are connected to the adjusting shaft 402d that passes through the middle via a connecting key 403f. The top of the adjusting shaft 402d is provided with a handle wheel 402e for adjusting the rotation.

[0046] In this embodiment, in order to flexibly change the overall angle according to the machining position of the main journal, so as to facilitate machining and operator observation, the adjusting shaft 402d is connected to the upper plate 403a and the lower plate 403b through the connector 403f. During the rotation of the adjusting shaft 402d, the upper plate 403a and the lower plate 403b are driven to rotate, without causing the upper plate 403a and the lower plate 403b to interfere with the movement of the adjusting shaft 402d under the push of the hydraulic rod 402b.

[0047] Example 3:

[0048] Based on Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2: The balance block processing module includes a transverse partition 501a located on the side of the support 2 away from the guide seat 401f and welded to the support 2. A number of limiting blocks 501b matching the balance block 201d are arranged in a sliding array in the transverse partition groove of the transverse partition 501a. An arc-shaped block 501c is welded to the side of each limiting block 501b close to the balance block 201d. A fitting component for grinding the end face of the balance block 201d is provided on the arc-shaped block 501c.

[0049] This embodiment provides a processing method for grinding the end face of the balance block 201d. Specifically, during the rotation of the balance block 201, the balance block 201d comes into contact with the end face bonding component, thereby achieving the grinding of the balance block 201d. It should be noted that the balance block 201d has a large mass, and the friction generated during long-term end face grinding often causes a decrease in the bonding effect of the end face bonding mold 502c. Once a gap appears between the two end faces, the grinding will fail.

[0050] To address the above situation, the bonding assembly consists of a damping shaft 502a, a connecting rod 502b, an end-face bonding mold 502c, a guide rod 502d, and a magnetizing device 502e. The damping shaft 502a is hinged to the arc-shaped block 501c, the connecting rod 502b is sleeved on the damping shaft 502a, and the other end of the connecting rod 502b is welded to the end-face bonding mold 502c. The end-face bonding mold 502c is tightly attached to the balance block 201d, the guide rod 502d is connected to the end-face bonding mold 502c, and the magnetizing device 502e is electromagnetically connected to the guide rod 502d.

[0051] Preferably, the magnetizing device 502e magnetizes the end face bonding mold 502c through the guide rod 502d, causing the end face bonding mold 502c to be able to pull and hold the balance block 201d and be in close contact with the end face. When the balance block 201d rotates, the reverse torque generated by its magnetic attraction increases the friction, thus enhancing the polishing effect.

[0052] The end face bonding mold 502c is subjected to a specific annealing treatment, and a stress layer is set on the edge layer of the end face bonding mold 502c closely attached to the balance block 201d. The magnetization device 502e consists of an excitation power supply and a magnetization coil. The transverse spacer 501a is connected by an internal thread to a threaded rod 501d driven by the servo motor 501e.

[0053] Regarding the aforementioned issue of how to ensure that the traction and driving torque of the end-face bonding mold 502c and the balance block 201d are opposite, this embodiment provides a specific solution. Specifically, a stress layer is set on the edge layer of the end-face bonding mold 502c to control the magnetic domain direction of the end-face bonding film 502c to be opposite to the torque force direction. Furthermore, through the specific annealing treatment of the end-face bonding film 502c, it is further ensured that under the external magnetic field of the magnetization device 502e and the addition of an extra stress layer, the magnetic domain direction of the end-face bonding film 502c is opposite to the torque force, further enhancing the grinding effect under a certain torque force.

[0054] Example 4:

[0055] Based on Example 1:

[0056] Two supports 2 rotatably hold the crankshaft through bearing seats. The front end shaft 301a of one end of the crankshaft is connected to the drive motor 601a through a coupling, and the rear end flange 301f of the other end of the crankshaft is located in the stop member 601b. The left and right ends of the stop member 601b are symmetrically limited and installed with cylinders 601c. The cylinders 601c are installed on the horizontal plate welded to the support 2.

[0057] Furthermore, all content not described in detail in this specification is existing technology known to those skilled in the art, and the model parameters of each electrical appliance are not specifically limited; conventional equipment can be used.

[0058] In use, the slide block 401a is pushed electrically or manually, thereby controlling the horizontal movement of the workpiece in the guide groove 401b of the guide seat 401f. The position of the push block 410d is changed by rotating the push screw 401e, thereby controlling the parallel position of the workpiece from the main shaft journal by the push block 410d in the push groove inside the machining base 401c. After reaching a specific machining point, the hydraulic rod 402b controls the lifting and lowering of the support block 402c. Because the support block 402c is in close contact with the milling machine... The lower plate 403b at the bottom of the knife mounting assembly allows for overall height adjustment of the lower plate 403b and the upper plate 403a. Furthermore, when the overall orientation needs to be adjusted, the rotating shaft 402d is adjusted by rotating the handwheel 402e. During the processing of the end face of the balance block, the magnetizing device 502e magnetizes the end face bonding mold 502c through the guide rod 502d. The end face bonding mold 502c can pull and hold the balance block 201d and make it tightly attached to the end face. At this time, the drive motor 601a is started to process the balance block.

[0059] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0060] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A machining equipment for the end faces of crankshaft main connecting journals and balance weights, comprising a machining table (1), characterized in that: The machining table (1) is symmetrically provided with supports (2) for placing the integral crankshaft. The crankshaft is composed of a front end shaft (301a), a main journal (301b), a connecting rod journal (301c), a balance block (301d), a piston (301e), and a rear end flange (301f) in the horizontal direction. One end of the crankshaft is provided with a main connecting rod journal machining module for machining the main journal (301b) and the connecting rod journal (301c) and is mounted on the machining table (1). The other end of the crankshaft is provided with a balance block machining module for machining the end face of the balance block. The main connecting journal machining module includes two sets of guide seats (401f) located at one end of the crankshaft and vertically fixed on the machining table (1). The top of the two sets of guide seats (401f) is fixedly provided with a slide seat (401a) having a sliding groove (401b) inside. The slide seat (401a) has a machining base (401c) arranged in an array that slides at its built-in sliding groove (401b). Each machining base (401c) has a push groove for sliding of the push block (401d) on it. Each push block (401d) is threadedly connected to the corresponding push screw (401e) in the corresponding push groove through an internal thread. Each of the aforementioned propulsion blocks (401d) has a corresponding mounting plate (402a) welded to its top. Each mounting plate (402a) has four hydraulic rods (402b) on its top sides for lifting. The other end of each hydraulic rod (402b) is positioned on a corresponding support block (402c). The support block (402c) is tightly attached to the bottom of a milling cutter mounting assembly with an adjusting shaft (402d) inserted into its center. The bottom of the adjusting shaft (402d) is rotatably mounted on the top of the corresponding mounting plate (402a) via a bearing. The milling cutter mounting assembly... It consists of an upper plate (403a), a lower plate (403b), a positioning rod (403c), and a processing arm (403d). There is an installation area between the upper plate (403a) and the lower plate (403b). The positioning rod (403c) passes through the upper plate (403a) and the lower plate (403b) and is installed on the upper plate (403a) and the lower plate (403b) by fasteners. The processing arm (403d) is installed in the installation area between the upper plate (403a) and the lower plate (403b) by a ball joint structure (403e). The balance block processing module includes a transverse partition (501a) located on the side of the support (2) away from the guide seat (401f) and welded to the support (2). A sliding array of limiting blocks (501b) matching the number of balance blocks (301d) is arranged in the transverse groove of the transverse partition (501a). Each limiting block (501b) has a corresponding arc-shaped block (501c) welded to the side of the balance block (301d). The arc-shaped block (501c) is provided with a bonding component for grinding the end face of the balance block (301d). The bonding component consists of a damping rotating shaft (502a). The device comprises a connecting rod (502b), an end-face bonding mold (502c), a guide rod (502d), and a magnetizing device (502e). The damping shaft (502a) is hinged to the arc block (501c). The connecting rod (502b) is sleeved on the damping shaft (502a). The other end of the connecting rod (502b) is welded to the end-face bonding mold (502c). The end-face bonding mold (502c) is in close contact with the balance block (301d). The guide rod (502d) is connected to the end-face bonding mold (502c). The magnetizing device (502e) is electromagnetically connected to the guide rod (502d).

2. The crankshaft main connecting journal and balance weight end face machining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper plate (403a) and lower plate (403b) are connected to the adjusting shaft (402d) that passes through the middle via a connecting key (403f). The top of the adjusting shaft (402d) is provided with a handle wheel (402e) for adjusting rotation.

3. The crankshaft main connecting journal and balance weight end face machining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end face bonding mold (502c) is annealed, and the end face bonding mold (502c) is provided with a stress layer in close contact with the edge layer of the balance block (301d). The magnetization device (502e) consists of an excitation power supply and a magnetization coil. The transverse spacer (501a) is connected by an internal thread to a threaded rod (501d) driven by a servo motor (501e).

4. The crankshaft main connecting journal and balance block end face machining equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two supports (2) rotatably place the crankshaft through the bearing housing, wherein the front end shaft (301a) of one end of the crankshaft is connected to the drive motor (601a) through the coupling and the rear end flange (301f) of the other end of the crankshaft is located in the stop member (601b). The stop member (601b) is symmetrically positioned at both ends to limit the installation of cylinders (601c). The cylinders (601c) are installed at the horizontal plate welded on the support (2).

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