A light gas container system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of gas containers and discloses a light gas container system, which includes a container body that can be filled with and retain light gas, the outer wall of the container body is composed of at least two wall structures, and the container body can retain the light gas with the help of an inner wall portion, a buffer chamber can be formed between the inner wall portion and the outer wall portion sleeved thereon, and the buffer chamber can be filled with a first gas different from the light gas to reduce the diffusion rate of the light gas by forming at least two pressure gradients between the container body and the outside atmosphere; wherein, under the same gas pressure, the liquefaction temperature of the first gas filled in the buffer chamber is higher than the liquefaction temperature of the light gas. The buffer chamber is also connected to a separation unit, which is configured to separate the light gas from the first gas in the buffer chamber and the leaked light gas mixture, and return the separated light gas to the container body to achieve recovery and recycling of the light gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas containers, and in particular to a lightweight gas container system. Background Art

[0002] In the field of modern hydrogen-powered vehicles, hydrogen storage tanks are key components, and their safety and reliability are crucial to the stable operation of the entire system. As a lightweight, high-energy-density energy carrier, hydrogen has broad application prospects in hydrogen-powered vehicles, but it also brings a series of challenges, especially the problem of hydrogen leakage. Hydrogen leakage not only leads to energy waste, but is more likely to cause fires or even explosions, posing a serious threat to passenger safety and public safety.

[0003] The design and manufacture of hydrogen storage tanks in hydrogen energy vehicles need to comprehensively consider the selection of materials, structural stability, sealing performance, and adaptability to environmental changes. The causes of hydrogen leakage may include material fatigue, seal aging, external shock, or drastic fluctuations in temperature and pressure. Solving these problems, improving the safety of hydrogen storage tanks, and reducing hydrogen leakage are urgent tasks in the current development of hydrogen energy vehicles.

[0004] The industry has taken some measures to improve the safety of hydrogen storage tanks and reduce the risk of leakage, such as using high-quality sealing materials, implementing regular inspection and maintenance procedures, and applying advanced leak detection technology. However, due to the lightweight nature of hydrogen, simply increasing the wall thickness or improving the material performance cannot effectively reduce the leakage rate, and the cost is extremely high.

[0005] Due to its small molecular weight and fast diffusion rate, hydrogen will diffuse and mix much faster than other gases once it leaks, which brings greater challenges to leakage control and safety management. In addition, the storage density of hydrogen is relatively low, requiring a larger container volume or higher pressure to store the same mass of hydrogen, which undoubtedly increases the risk of leakage.

[0006] Therefore, designing a new type of lightweight gas (especially hydrogen) container for hydrogen energy vehicle applications can not only improve the safety of hydrogen storage, but also effectively reduce the risk of leakage, which is of great significance for promoting the commercialization and popularization of hydrogen energy vehicles.

[0007] CN110159911A discloses a gas storage tank, which includes n pressure tanks sequentially mounted from the inside to the outside, where n≥2; the n pressure tanks divide the interior of the gas storage tank into n layers of space, and each pressure tank is provided with an inlet and outlet pipe with a valve, so that gas can enter or flow out of the space of the corresponding layer through the inlet and outlet pipe. Although this patent involves a multi-layer structure, its core lies in increasing the gas storage capacity by equipping each layer with a specific volume and pressure, but such a structure does not play a positive role in preventing gas leakage.

[0008] CN110726067A relates to a system for compressed air energy storage using double-layer gas tanks, in which the inner tank body of the double-layer gas tank is used to store high-pressure air, and the interlayer space between the inner tank body and the outer tank body is used to store medium-pressure air, the pressure of the medium-pressure air is one pressure level lower than that of the inner high-pressure air, and multiple double-layer gas tanks are connected by pipelines, and the main pipeline of the inner tank body and the main pipeline of the interlayer storage space are connected to the compressor unit and the expansion unit, and the compression and expansion process are controlled by the regulating valve. The inner tank body is placed on the support rail, which is convenient for installation, and enables the tank body to adapt to the deformation and displacement caused by repeated pressure and temperature changes during operation. Although this patent involves two different pressure levels, it only focuses on the relationship between the wall thickness of the inner tank body and the cost, and simply designs a reduced-wall inner tank body "only for bearing the pressure difference between high-pressure air and medium-pressure air" from the perspective of reducing the pressure level of the inner tank body. The core advantage is only cost saving, and the leakage rate problem is not considered.

[0009] In addition, on the one hand, there are differences in understanding among those skilled in the art; on the other hand, the applicant studied a large number of documents and patents when making the present invention, but due to space limitations, not all details and contents are listed in detail. However, this does not mean that the present invention does not have the characteristics of these prior arts. On the contrary, the present invention already has all the characteristics of the prior art, and the applicant reserves the right to add relevant prior art to the background technology. Summary of the invention

[0010] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a light gas container system. The light gas container system according to the present invention effectively reduces the diffusion rate of the light gas by forming at least two pressure gradients between the container body and the external atmosphere, and realizes efficient recovery of the light gas and recycling of resources by filling the first gas with a liquefaction temperature higher than the light gas.

[0011] According to the light gas container system of the present invention, it includes a container body that can be filled with and retain light gas, the outer wall of the container body is composed of at least two wall structures, and the container body can retain the light gas with the help of the inner wall part, and at least one buffer chamber can be formed between the inner wall part and the outer wall part sleeved thereon, and the buffer chamber can be filled with a first gas different from the light gas to reduce the diffusion rate of the light gas by forming at least two pressure gradients between the container body and the external atmosphere, when the light gas accumulates to a concentration threshold in the buffer chamber, a mixed gas containing the light gas and the first gas can be extracted, and after separation and purification, the first gas can be re-injected into the buffer chamber to maintain the pressure gradient through this periodic cycle; under the condition of ensuring that the liquefaction temperature of the first gas filled in the buffer chamber is higher than the liquefaction temperature of the light gas at the same gas pressure, the type of the first gas can be determined based on the evaluation results of the container body capacity and the required working pressure of the light gas.

[0012] Different from the prior art, the present invention adopts a double-wall structure design, which effectively reduces the diffusion rate of light gas by forming at least two pressure gradients between the container body and the external atmosphere, and realizes efficient recovery of light gas and recycling of resources by filling with a first gas with a liquefaction temperature higher than that of the light gas.

[0013] Based on the above-mentioned distinguishing technical features, the problems to be solved by the present invention may include: how to improve the light gas retention efficiency and reduce the leakage risk while ensuring the safety of the light gas container, and improve the collection and recycling rate of the leaked light gas.

[0014] Specifically, on the one hand, the present invention effectively avoids direct contact between the container body storing high-pressure or ultra-high-pressure light gas and the low-pressure atmospheric environment by providing a buffer chamber, thereby reducing the pressure difference on both sides of the container body and preventing the container body from being in an environment where gas diffusion is easy.

[0015] On the other hand, the buffer chamber of the present invention also serves as a collection space for light gas diffusion. Even if the light gas inside the container body diffuses through its side wall, it will not directly enter the atmosphere and cause leakage loss. At the same time, since the gas pressure in the buffer chamber is relatively low, the light gas collected in the buffer chamber is less likely to diffuse from the inside to the external environment, further ensuring the collection efficiency of the light gas and preventing unnecessary loss of the gas.

[0016] The light gas container system of the present invention adopts a double-wall structure design, which has multiple advantages. First, the double-wall structure provides an additional layer of protection for the container body, effectively preventing damage to the container caused by external impacts or environmental factors, thereby significantly enhancing the safety and durability of the container. Secondly, the buffer chamber formed between the inner wall portion and the outer wall portion forms at least two pressure gradients between the container body and the outside atmosphere by filling a first gas different from the light gas. This pressure gradient design effectively slows down the diffusion rate of the light gas from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area, significantly reducing the risk of gas leakage. In addition, the liquefaction temperature of the first gas filled in the buffer chamber at the same gas pressure is higher than the liquefaction temperature of the light gas.

[0017] By utilizing this feature, even if the light gas leaks and mixes with the first gas, it can be re-separated through subsequent gas-liquid separation technology to ensure the effective recovery of the light gas. This design realizes the recycling of resources. Through periodic cycle processing, the solution can maintain a relatively stable first gas environment in the buffer chamber, effectively slowing down the leakage of light gas, improving the storage efficiency of light gas, reducing resource waste, and facilitating the long-term storage of light gas. It is especially suitable for hydrogen energy vehicles, which require strict control of hydrogen leakage.

[0018] According to a preferred embodiment, a plurality of independent gas storage chambers are arranged inside the inner wall of the container body, and the container body can form a plurality of capacity levels by adjusting the number and / or size of the gas storage chambers, and the first gas can determine the type of gas filled into the buffer chamber according to the correspondence between its physicochemical properties and different capacity levels. Different from the prior art, the present invention stores light gas in a dispersed manner through independent gas storage chambers. Based on the above-mentioned distinguishing technical features, the problems to be solved by the present invention may include: how to achieve high-density storage of light gas in a limited space and maintain the lightweight and high-efficiency storage efficiency of the container. Through such a setting, the system is allowed to disperse and store light gas in multiple areas, thereby improving the storage efficiency and capacity of the container. The selection of the first gas is based on its physicochemical properties, such as liquefaction temperature, chemical stability and condensation heat, etc. These properties correspond to the different capacity levels of the container body, ensuring the stability of the storage environment and the safety of the light gas. According to the specific capacity level of the container body, the first gas with appropriate physicochemical properties is selected, which can optimize the storage conditions of the light gas and reduce the risk and efficiency loss caused by the mismatch of physicochemical properties. By precisely matching the physical and chemical properties of the first gas and the capacity of the container body, the operating efficiency of the storage system can be improved, energy consumption can be reduced, and leakage and volatilization of light gases can be reduced.

[0019] According to a preferred embodiment, a fixing portion for fixing the gas storage chamber in a suspended manner in the container body is arranged between the inner wall portion and the outer wall portion, and a detection unit for obtaining the mixed gas information in the buffer chamber is installed on the fixing portion. Different from the prior art, the present invention realizes the suspended fixation of the gas storage chamber and the real-time monitoring of the mixed gas information by installing the detection unit on the fixing portion between the inner wall portion and the outer wall portion. Based on the above-mentioned distinguishing technical features, the problems to be solved by the present invention may include: how to realize the real-time monitoring and control of the state of the light gas while ensuring the stability of the gas storage chamber. The fixing portion between the inner wall portion and the outer wall portion fixes the gas storage chamber in a suspended manner inside the container body. This design not only effectively avoids the gas storage chamber from being damaged by the stress or thermal expansion of the container body structure, thereby improving the stability of the gas storage chamber, but also ensures that the buffer chamber can completely surround the gas storage chamber, thereby ensuring that the light gas diffused from the gas storage chamber can enter the buffer chamber instead of directly diffusing into the outside atmosphere, so as to facilitate subsequent separation processing. In addition, the detection unit installed on the fixed part can obtain information about the mixed gas in the buffer chamber in real time or periodically, including gas concentration, pressure and temperature, etc., which helps to detect gas leakage or other abnormal conditions at an early stage and improve the response speed of the system.

[0020] According to a preferred embodiment, the light gas in the gas storage chamber and the first gas in the buffer chamber are charged at different times and / or locations, and the light gas in the gas storage chamber and the first gas in the buffer chamber are charged using different gas filling equipment and / or pressure regulating equipment. Different from the prior art, the present invention adopts a step-by-step and zoned filling strategy, which achieves precise control of different gases and avoids cross contamination by filling the light gas in the gas storage chamber and the first gas in the buffer chamber at different times and / or locations. Based on the above-mentioned distinguishing technical features, the problems to be solved by the present invention may include: how to achieve effective separation and independent filling of different gases while ensuring gas purity and safety. Separate filling of different gases can avoid cross contamination between the light gas and the first gas during the filling process, and ensure the purity and quality of the gas. Independent filling reduces the safety risks caused by mixing or improper operation of equipment during operation, such as leakage or explosion caused by excessive pressure.

[0021] According to a preferred embodiment, the light gas container system includes a separation unit configured outside the container body and capable of being connected to the gas storage chamber and the buffer chamber pipeline respectively. The separation unit can be connected to the detection unit data, so as to respond to the data signal sent by the detection unit that the leakage concentration of the light gas reaches the concentration threshold, and use the boiling point difference, adsorption selectivity or diffusion rate difference between the light gas and the first gas to separate the light gas, and selectively circulate the separated light gas back to the inside of the gas storage chamber or store it in a dedicated light gas recovery tank. Different from the prior art, the present invention realizes real-time monitoring and timely response to the light gas leakage concentration through the data connection between the separation unit and the detection unit. Based on the above-mentioned distinguishing technical features, the problems to be solved by the present invention may include: how to quickly and effectively handle when a light gas leak is detected to improve the safety of the system and the recycling rate of resources. In the light gas container system of the present invention, the detection unit has a high-precision gas concentration monitoring capability and can perform continuous or periodic concentration analysis on the mixed gas in the buffer chamber. When the volume concentration of a light gas, such as hydrogen, in the mixed gas is detected to rise to a preset safety concentration threshold, such as 1%, the detection unit will automatically activate the separation unit. Specifically, when the monitored value of the hydrogen concentration rises from a baseline level of 0.5% to a preset concentration threshold of 1%, the detection unit will output an alarm signal, which serves as a trigger mechanism to instruct the separation unit to immediately execute its separation procedure. The separation unit is then started, and its internal integrated heat exchanger, refrigerator, gas-liquid separator and other components work together to perform precise separation operations based on the differences in the physicochemical properties of hydrogen and the first gas, such as boiling point, adsorption affinity and diffusion coefficient.

[0022] By utilizing the difference in boiling point, adsorption selectivity or diffusion rate between the light gas and the first gas, the separation unit can effectively separate the light gas from the mixed gas, thereby improving the separation efficiency. The separated light gas can be circulated back into the gas storage chamber or stored in a dedicated light gas recovery tank, thus realizing the recycling of resources and reducing resource waste.

[0023] According to a preferred embodiment, a first connecting channel and a second connecting channel with controllable opening and closing are provided on the outer wall of the container body, and both connecting channels can be connected to the separation unit, wherein the first connecting channel is used to suck out the untreated mixed gas from the buffer chamber; and the second connecting channel is used to refill the separated first gas into the buffer chamber. Different from the prior art, the present invention can achieve effective extraction of the mixed gas and accurate refilling of the first gas by adopting the controllable opening and closing of the first connecting channel and the second connecting channel, thereby improving the flexibility of gas processing and the operating efficiency of the system. Based on the above-mentioned distinguishing technical features, the problems to be solved by the present invention may include: how to improve the automation level of gas processing and the accuracy of operation while ensuring the safety of the system. The controllable opening and closing design of the first connecting channel and the second connecting channel allows the system to accurately control the gas flow, ensuring that the extraction of the mixed gas and the refilling of the first gas are carried out in an orderly manner. The controllable opening and closing connecting channel can cut off the gas flow when necessary, prevent gas leakage or accidental release of the mixed gas, and enhance the safety of the system.

[0024] According to a preferred embodiment, the container body is provided with a recovery channel, and the recovery channel connects the gas storage chamber with the separation unit in a manner of penetrating the inner wall and the outer wall, so as to recover the light gas separated from the mixed gas by the separation unit. Different from the prior art, the present invention realizes an effective connection between the gas storage chamber and the separation unit by configuring a recovery channel penetrating the inner and outer walls, thereby improving the recovery efficiency of the light gas. Based on the above-mentioned distinguishing technical features, the problems to be solved by the present invention may include: how to improve the recycling rate of light gas while maintaining the safety of the system. By configuring the recovery channel, a closed-loop system is formed between the gas storage chamber and the separation unit, and the system can effectively recover the light gas from the separation unit, reducing the loss of light gas and improving the recovery rate of the gas. In addition, the design of the recovery channel penetrating the inner and outer walls provides a safe return path for the light gas, avoiding the risk of light gas leakage outside the system.

[0025] According to a preferred embodiment, valves controlled by a separation unit are provided on the first connecting channel, the second connecting channel and the recovery channel, so that the three channels can be controllably opened and closed by the separation unit at different operation stages. Different from the prior art, the present invention realizes precise control and management of gas flow by providing controllable valves on the first connecting channel, the second connecting channel and the recovery channel. Based on the above-mentioned distinguishing technical features, the problems to be solved by the present invention may include: how to achieve flexible control of gas flow at different operation stages to optimize the gas treatment process. The controllable opening and closing of the valve provides the system with a high degree of flexibility, allowing the gas flow path to be adjusted at different operation stages to adapt to different processing requirements. The setting of the valve allows the system to perform precise gas management at different processing stages, such as achieving optimal operation during the extraction, separation and recharging of the mixed gas.

[0026] According to a preferred embodiment, the gas storage chamber and the buffer chamber can select different working pressure intervals for the light gas and the first gas according to the differences in operating conditions and application requirements, wherein, under the premise of ensuring that the liquefaction characteristics are met, the buffer chamber can set the working pressure for the first gas in a manner that reduces the pressure difference between the first gas and the light gas. By selecting differentiated working pressure intervals, the system can optimize the liquefaction characteristics of different gases to achieve more efficient and targeted gas storage and management. Under the premise of ensuring that the first gas remains in a gaseous state and meets its liquefaction characteristics, the pressure difference between the first gas and the light gas can be effectively reduced by adjusting the working pressure of the first gas in the buffer chamber. A smaller pressure difference helps to slow down the diffusion rate of the light gas from the high-pressure gas storage chamber to the low-pressure buffer chamber, thereby reducing the risk of leakage and improving storage efficiency. In addition, this design also allows the system to flexibly adjust the pressure of the gas according to different application scenarios and operating conditions to adapt to different industrial, medical or scientific research needs, while ensuring the safety and economy of the system.

[0027] According to a preferred embodiment, the first gas filled into the buffer chamber is one or more of ammonia, ethane, isobutane, chlorine, nitrous oxide, sulfur dioxide or tetrafluoroethane. The system can select the most suitable gas according to the needs of different application scenarios to improve the adaptability and flexibility of the system. Different first gases have different physical and chemical properties, so that the system can adapt to different operating conditions such as temperature and pressure, expanding the scope of application of the system. Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be partially given in the description below, and part will become apparent from the description below, or will be understood through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0029] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a container body of a light gas container system of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 is an internal cutaway view of a container body of a light gas container system of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 is an internal cross-sectional view of a container body of a light gas container system according to another embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a separation technology flow chart of the separation unit of the present invention.

[0033] Reference numerals:

[0034] 100, container body; 110, gas storage chamber; 120, inner wall; 121, recovery channel; 130, outer wall;

[0035] 130a, first outer wall portion; 130b, second outer wall portion; 131, first connecting channel; 132, second connecting channel;

[0036] 140, buffer chamber; 140a, first buffer chamber; 140b: second buffer chamber; 150, fixing portion;

[0037] 200, separation unit; 210, refrigerator; 220, gas-liquid separator; 230, heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0039] The prior art has disclosed a technical solution for slowing down gas leakage by setting a multi-layer tank wall structure. For example, the patent document with the announcement number CN202371441U discloses a new type of leak-proof and explosion-proof gas storage tank, which is composed of a multi-layer tank wall, an air inlet, an air outlet and a one-way valve. The multi-layer tank wall is set from the inside to the outside to form a multi-layer gas storage tank. Each layer of the gas storage tank is connected by a one-way valve. The gas can only be injected from the outer layer to the inner layer. The air inlet is set at the outermost gas storage tank of the multi-layer tank wall, and the air outlet is set at the innermost gas storage tank of the multi-layer tank wall. This technical solution has the function of preventing or slowing down gas leakage and suppressing gas explosion, thereby ensuring the safety of the storage and transportation of combustible gas. However, in this technical solution, the gas of different tank layers is filled through the same gas injection pipeline, which limits each layer of the tank to only be filled with the same type of gas. This method is significantly different from the method of using different filling pipelines to fill different gases in relatively independent tank layers inside and outside of the present invention. Based on this, this technical solution cannot reduce the leakage rate of gas from the high-pressure layer to the low-pressure layer by constructing a buffer chamber with multiple pressure gradients. In addition, this technical solution also lacks the ability to collect the leaked gas in the inner layer through the buffer chamber for recycling and treatment. The design limitations of this technical solution mean that it is impossible to effectively utilize multiple pressure gradients to slow down gas leakage, thereby failing to maximize the safety and efficiency of the gas storage tank. In contrast, the present invention can more flexibly adjust the pressure gradient by independently controlling the gas filling of the inner and outer tank layers. By constructing an effective buffer chamber, it not only slows down gas leakage, but also can collect and recycle the leaked gas. This feature is particularly in line with the high safety and environmental protection requirements of hydrogen storage tanks in the field of hydrogen energy vehicles, and provides a more reliable solution for the safe storage and utilization of hydrogen energy.

[0040] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a light gas container system, in particular, a container system for efficiently storing, separating and recovering light gases, so as to solve at least part of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0041] Reference below Figure 1-Figure 4 A light gas container system according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the design includes a container body 100 with at least two wall structures shaped like a can, which is specially used to fill and keep light gas, such as hydrogen, for a long time. The container body 100 maintains the stability of the light gas through a plurality of independent gas storage chambers 110 arranged in its inner wall portion 120.

[0044] Preferably, if Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, in addition to the inner wall portion 120, an outer wall portion 130 is also provided, and a buffer chamber 140 is formed between the two. Preferably, by providing a plurality of outer wall portions 130, the number of buffer chambers 140 can be increased. The buffer chamber 140 can be filled with a first gas different from the light gas, which can be ethane, propane, isobutane, ammonia, chlorine, nitrous oxide and sulfur dioxide. The first gas has a higher liquefaction temperature than hydrogen under the same gas pressure environment. More preferably, the liquefaction temperature of the first gas is much higher than that of the light gas, so as to ensure that the buffer chamber 140 has better performance and stability in specific application occasions. The light gas container system of the present invention effectively prevents the direct contact between the container body 100 storing high-pressure or ultra-high-pressure light gas and the low-pressure atmospheric environment by designing the buffer chamber 140. This design significantly reduces the pressure difference on both sides of the container body 100, thereby reducing the natural diffusion of the gas from the high-pressure side to the low-pressure side, and improving the stability of the storage environment. In addition, the system utilizes the difference in liquefaction temperature between the light gas and the first gas filled into the buffer chamber 140. Even if leakage occurs, the light gas can be separated and recovered from the mixed gas through gas-liquid separation technology, ensuring the effective utilization and circulation of resources. Through this periodic circulation process, the system can maintain the stable state of the first gas in the buffer chamber 140, which not only slows down the leakage of the light gas, but also improves the storage efficiency and reduces the waste of resources.

[0045] Preferably, the light gas container system further comprises a separation unit 200 disposed outside the container body 100, which can be connected to the container body 100 and the buffer chamber 140, and regularly processes the mixed gas of the light gas and the first gas in the buffer chamber 140. The separation unit 200 adopts a separation technology based on physical and chemical properties, such as condensation, adsorption, absorption, reduced pressure flash evaporation or membrane separation, and utilizes the difference in boiling point, adsorption selectivity or diffusion rate between the light gas and the first gas to effectively separate the light gas. The separated light gas can be selectively circulated back to the inside of the container body 100 or stored in a dedicated light gas recovery tank.

[0046] Preferably, if Figure 1As shown, the gas storage chamber 110 is usually made of polymer materials or composite materials, which have low hydrogen permeability and can effectively prevent hydrogen leakage. In addition, in order to improve the hydrogen storage efficiency, metal hydrides or nanomaterials can be used as adsorbents inside the gas storage chamber 110 to increase the storage density of hydrogen. Metal hydrides refer to compounds formed by certain metals and hydrogen, which have the characteristics of being able to reversibly absorb and release hydrogen under specific conditions. Nanomaterials have excellent physical and chemical properties due to their unique nanostructures. In terms of hydrogen storage, nanomaterials can provide more adsorption sites, thereby increasing the amount of hydrogen adsorbed. The adsorbent can be configured at multiple points such as the inner bottom, inner top and side wall of the gas storage chamber 110 to improve the ability of the gas storage chamber 110 to store light gases. Through such a setting, the system can disperse and store light gases in multiple areas, thereby improving the storage efficiency and capacity of the container body 100.

[0047] The light gas container system of the present invention effectively slows down the diffusion rate of light gas by setting a buffer chamber 140. Although the diffusion of light gas is inevitable, the presence of the buffer chamber 140 prevents the light gas from directly diffusing into the outside atmosphere. On the contrary, the light gas first enters the buffer chamber 140 filled with the first gas, and mixes with the first gas to form a mixed gas, thereby avoiding the irreversible loss of light gas. In order to further improve the storage efficiency of light gas, the light gas container system of the present invention integrates a dedicated separation unit 200 to achieve the purpose of efficiently separating hydrogen from the mixed gas. The system adopts a variety of separation technologies based on physical and chemical properties, such as boiling point differences, adsorption selectivity and diffusion rate differences, to effectively separate light gas from the mixed gas. In addition, the system is designed with a flexible light gas recovery path, which can either circulate the separated light gas back into the container body 100 or store it in a dedicated recovery tank, ensuring the efficient recovery of light gas and the rational treatment of other components in the mixed gas. This design not only improves the overall safety and economy of the system, but also enhances the flexibility of light gas storage and use, providing a more reliable and efficient solution for the storage and application of light gas.

[0048] Preferably, the purpose of filling the buffer chamber 140 with the first gas is to reduce the leakage rate of the light gas in the container body 100. The leakage rate Q can be calculated by the following formula in a simplified case: ;

[0049] Where Q is the leak rate (unit: gas volume / time), D is the gas diffusion coefficient, A is the container surface area, ΔP is the pressure difference, and L is the material thickness.

[0050] The gas diffusion coefficient D is the diffusion coefficient of gas in the material. It is an important parameter to measure the rate at which gas molecules pass through the material. It is related to the size and speed of the gas molecules and the microstructure of the material. The diffusion coefficient can be measured experimentally or estimated using theoretical models (such as Fick's law); the material thickness L will directly affect the path length of the gas molecules. Generally, the thicker the material, the lower the gas leakage rate; the pressure difference ΔP is the main driving force for gas leakage. The greater the pressure difference, the higher the leakage rate; the container surface area A will affect the potential path of gas leakage. Generally, the larger the container surface area, the more potential paths for gas leakage and the higher the leakage rate.

[0051] It can be seen that in order to increase the storage capacity of the container body 100, its volume will also increase, which will cause the surface area A of the container body 100 to increase, and then the leakage rate Q will also increase. In order to reduce the leakage rate Q, increasing the container wall thickness L is a feasible solution, but this also greatly increases the cost and is not the best solution. In addition, a coating of a material with better performance can be selected to reduce the gas diffusion coefficient D, but for light gases such as hydrogen, the coating or layer system has little effect on the gas diffusion coefficient D and cannot significantly increase the container body 100's ability to store light gases for a long time. Therefore, designing a container system that can reduce the pressure difference ΔP between the light gas in the container and the atmosphere outside the container is an effective solution to reduce the leakage rate of light gases.

[0052] In view of this, the buffer chamber 140 equipped with the container system of the present invention can be selectively filled with a first gas, the purpose of which is to form at least two pressure gradients between the container body 100 and the outside atmosphere to reduce the diffusion rate of the light gas toward the outside atmosphere. Exemplarily, the pressure of the buffer chamber 140 is, for example, 1 MPa (about 10 atm), and the working pressure within the inner wall portion 120 of the container body 100 that directly or indirectly holds the light gas is 20 to 30 MPa. The first gas can be, for example, ammonia, because the boiling point of ammonia is about -33.34°C at standard atmospheric pressure (1 atm). In situations where light gases need to be stored at high density or in special applications, such as in high-performance hydrogen fuel cell scenarios, since the affinity of ammonia water to hydrogen is relatively weak, methods such as reduced pressure flash evaporation or membrane separation can be used to more easily separate the hydrogen dissolved in ammonia water.

[0053]

[0054] Preferably, if Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, the separation unit 200 is fixedly arranged at other parts near the container body 100. When processing a mixed gas composed of ammonia as the first gas and a light gas (such as hydrogen), the separation unit 200 uses the low temperature boiling point characteristics of ammonia for separation. The mixed gas is cooled to a temperature close to or lower than the boiling point of ammonia by the cooling equipment of the separation unit 200, and the ammonia will first be liquefied, thereby achieving separation from the light gas. The liquefied ammonia can be collected and stored, or redirected back to the buffer chamber 140 by the separation unit 200. The light gas can be sent back to the inner wall portion 120 of the container body 100. This separation method is easy to operate under standard atmospheric pressure, has low energy consumption, and is suitable for the recovery and reuse of light gases in ground hydrogen fuel cell systems. Similarly, gases with similar physical properties can be used, as shown in the table above.

[0055] In general, gases such as propane, isobutane, and sulfur dioxide can be liquefied at lower pressures, which makes their engineering difficulty and cost in the light gas separation process relatively low. However, when these gases are used as the first gas, it is difficult for them to form a small pressure difference with the light gas, so the effect of reducing the leakage rate of the light gas is not very significant. In contrast, ethane, ammonia, chlorine, nitrous oxide, and tetrafluoroethane gases need to be liquefied at higher pressures or lower temperatures, which increases the engineering difficulty and cost of light gas separation. However, when these gases are used as the first gas, they are more likely to form a smaller pressure difference with the light gas, so the effect of reducing the leakage rate is more obvious. This system can flexibly select the most matching gas according to the needs of various application scenarios, thereby optimizing system performance. In view of the unique physical and chemical properties exhibited by different first gases, the system can flexibly cope with various complex operating conditions such as temperature and pressure, greatly broadening its application range and scenario compatibility.

[0056] Preferably, the type of the first gas can be determined based on the evaluation results of the capacity of the container body 100 and the required working pressure of the light gas, while ensuring that the liquefaction temperature of the first gas filled in the buffer chamber 140 at the same gas pressure is higher than the liquefaction temperature of the light gas.

[0057] Preferably, the hydrogen in the container body 100 of the present invention and the first gas in the buffer chamber 140 are filled at different times and / or locations, wherein preferably, the hydrogen in the container body 100 and the first gas in the buffer chamber 140 are filled using different gas filling equipment and / or pressure regulating equipment. When the container body 100 stores hydrogen, the first gas in the buffer chamber 140 is filled at a preset pressure with the help of special equipment under pressure control. This process is usually completed on the ground or in a factory setting of a gas storage and transmission system, ensuring the accuracy and safety of gas filling. Using an independent filling method to handle different gases separately can effectively prevent cross-contamination between light gas and the first gas in the filling process, thereby ensuring that the purity and quality of each gas meet the standards. In addition, the independent filling strategy also significantly reduces the safety risks caused by equipment mixing or operating errors, such as leakage accidents or even explosions that may be caused by abnormal pressure increases, further improving the safety and reliability of the operation process.

[0058] Preferably, the selection of light gas will be restricted by different scenarios. For example, in industrial applications, the selected first gas needs to withstand the high pressure and high temperature environment in the industrial process; in a high-performance fuel cell system, a first gas that does not affect the performance of the fuel cell is selected; in medical equipment, the first gas should not affect the accuracy and safety of the equipment; under extreme or changing environmental conditions, the first gas should be able to maintain performance. Preferably, the type of light gas will also affect the selection of the first gas. For example, when the light gas is hydrogen, the first gas can be selected from gases such as ammonia, tetrafluoroethane, etc. that have a weaker affinity with hydrogen to facilitate subsequent separation.

[0059] Preferably, based on different storage requirements of light gases, the buffer chamber 140 and the gas storage chamber 110 are each preset with at least three working pressure intervals to meet specific operating conditions and application requirements.

[0060] The pressure range of the buffer chamber 140 may include:

[0061] Low pressure range (0.5 MPa to 1.0 MPa): This range is suitable for gases or equipment that are sensitive to pressure changes, and for situations where lower operating pressure is required to ensure safety and stability. For example, in some precision instruments or medical equipment, a low pressure environment helps maintain the accuracy of the equipment.

[0062] Medium pressure range (1.0 MPa to 1.5 MPa): This is the most commonly used pressure range and is suitable for most conventional gas buffering and storage needs. Within this range, gas containers can effectively manage gas while maintaining operational stability and economy.

[0063] High pressure range (1.5 MPa to 2.0 MPa): This range is suitable for situations where higher pressure is required to improve gas storage efficiency. For example, in some industrial processes, high pressure can increase the density of the first gas, thereby reducing the leakage rate of light gases and facilitating the long-term storage of light gases.

[0064] The pressure range of the gas storage chamber 110 may include:

[0065] Low pressure area (10 MPa to 15 MPa): This range is suitable for applications with lower requirements on container materials and structures. For example, in some laboratories or small industrial applications, the low pressure environment can reduce the requirements on container materials and manufacturing processes and reduce costs.

[0066] Medium Pressure Region (15 MPa to 25 MPa): This is the pressure range that applies to most general light gas storage needs. Within this range, vessels can safely and efficiently store and transfer gases while meeting most industrial standards and safety regulations.

[0067] High-pressure region (25 MPa to 35 MPa): This range is suitable for applications that require high-density storage or special applications, such as high-performance fuel cell systems. In these applications, high pressure can significantly increase the storage density of the gas, thereby improving the overall performance and efficiency of the system.

[0068] By presetting differentiated working pressure ranges, the system can achieve more efficient and customized gas storage and management based on the unique liquefaction characteristics of various gases. On the basis of ensuring that the first gas maintains its gaseous form and meets its liquefaction characteristics, the system effectively reduces the pressure gradient between the first gas and the light gas by regulating the working pressure of the first gas in the buffer chamber 140. This reduction in pressure difference directly slows down the natural diffusion rate of the light gas from the high-pressure gas storage chamber 110 to the low-pressure buffer chamber 140, which not only reduces the potential risk of leakage, but also significantly improves the overall storage efficiency and safety.

[0069] Preferably, the preset pressures of different types of first gases need to be determined by comprehensively considering multiple factors. In industry, when the volume of the container body 100 is fixed, the capacity of the light gas is increased by increasing the working pressure, which makes the working pressure of the light gas in the container body 100 usually higher than the working pressure of the first gas. In order to improve the long-term sealed storage effect of the light gas, the buffer chamber 140 can increase the working pressure of the first gas as much as possible within the allowable range to reduce the pressure difference between the first gas and the light gas, thereby reducing the leakage rate of the light gas. Based on this, the determination of the preset pressure of the first gas should consider the following factors:

[0070] 1. Gas liquefaction characteristics: Different gases require different pressures for liquefaction. For example, propane, isobutane, and sulfur dioxide can be liquefied at relatively low pressures, while ethane, ammonia, chlorine, and nitrous oxide require higher pressures or lower temperatures. The preset pressure should ensure that the first gas is in a gaseous state to avoid partial liquefaction of the first gas due to unreasonable pressure settings, which would affect its function of reducing leakage rates.

[0071] 2. Pressure difference: The preset pressure should take into account the pressure difference between the first gas and the light gas. A smaller pressure difference helps to reduce the leakage rate. Therefore, the preset pressure should be as close to but not higher than the liquefaction pressure of the first gas as possible to ensure a smaller pressure difference with the light gas.

[0072] Preferably, the volume of the first gas required is determined by the capacity of the container body 100. For example, a small-capacity container body 100 may only require a small amount of ammonia or tetrafluoroethane, while a large-capacity container body 100 may require more of these gases or select other gases with a higher liquefaction temperature.

[0073] The first gas having a liquefaction temperature higher than the liquefaction temperature of the light gas under the pressure is selected according to the working pressure range of the container body 100. For example, in the low pressure range of 0.5 MPa to 1.0 MPa, a gas having a liquefaction temperature much higher than the ambient temperature is selected, such as tetrafluoroethane; in the high pressure range of 1.5 MPa to 2.0 MPa, a gas having a higher liquefaction temperature may need to be selected, such as a specific synthetic gas.

[0074] The physicochemical properties of the first gas, including chemical stability and heat of condensation, are key considerations when selecting. Chemical stability ensures that the first gas does not react with light gases during storage and use, while heat of condensation affects the phase change efficiency of the gas and the temperature control of the storage system. For example, for light gases that need to be stored in the medium pressure area of ​​15 MPa to 25 MPa, gases with moderate chemical stability and heat of condensation, such as propane or butane, should be selected.

[0075] A corresponding relationship of the first gas type is established according to the capacity and working pressure of the container body 100. For example, for a system with a small capacity and working in a low pressure area, tetrafluoroethane may be selected; for a system with a large capacity and working in a high pressure area, a gas with a higher liquefaction temperature may need to be selected, such as a specially designed synthetic gas.

[0076] For a small container body 100 with a smaller capacity and operating in a low pressure region of 10 MPa to 15 MPa, the first gas may be tetrafluoroethane because of its moderate liquefaction temperature and good chemical stability.

[0077] For medium capacity of the medium container body 100, operating in the medium pressure region of 15 MPa to 25 MPa, the first gas may be propane, which gases remain in a gaseous state at the required pressure while providing the required chemical stability and condensation heat characteristics.

[0078] For large container bodies 100 having a larger capacity and operating in a high pressure region of 25 MPa to 35 MPa, it may be necessary to select a gas such as isobutane, which has a high liquefaction temperature and physical and chemical properties suitable for high pressure operation.

[0079] By establishing the above principles and corresponding relationships, technicians can select a suitable first gas type according to the specific capacity and working pressure of the container body 100 to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the light gas container system.

[0080] By comprehensively considering the above factors and referring to the physical properties of various gases, different first gases can be selected in different application scenarios, and the preset pressure can be determined in a targeted manner, so that it can not only meet the requirements of liquefaction characteristics, but also effectively reduce the pressure difference with the light gas, thereby improving the sealed storage effect of the light gas. In addition, according to the exact capacity specifications of the container body 100, selecting a first gas with suitable physical and chemical properties is an important means to optimize the storage environment of light gases. This is intended to avoid potential risks and efficiency losses caused by the mismatch between the gas and the container characteristics. By accurately selecting a first gas whose physical and chemical properties match the capacity design of the container body, the operating efficiency of the storage system can be significantly improved, energy consumption can be effectively reduced, and the leakage and meaningless volatilization of light gases can be reduced simultaneously, thereby comprehensively improving the overall efficiency and safety of the storage process. Preferably, the buffer chamber 140 is equipped with a detection unit, whose main function is to monitor and collect detailed information of the mixed gas in the buffer chamber 140 in real time or according to a certain period. The detection unit has data transmission capabilities, and can obtain information about the mixed gas in the buffer chamber 140 in real time or periodically through wired or wireless communication, including gas concentration, pressure and temperature, and send the collected data to the separation unit 200 immediately. These transmitted data not only provide the separation unit 200 with the basis for starting the operation, but are also essential for the precise control of the separation process. Specifically, the separation unit 200 will analyze the received data, especially the concentration of light gas in the mixed gas and possible leakage. Once the leakage concentration of the light gas is detected to reach a preset concentration threshold, the separation unit 200 will automatically trigger the startup procedure. The setting of the detection unit helps to detect gas leaks or other abnormal conditions early and improve the response speed of the system.

[0081] Preferably, the detection unit may include a two-component gas analyzer so that the information collected includes the concentration ratio of the first gas and the light gas in the mixed gas. When the concentration ratio of the light gas in the mixed gas reaches a specific concentration threshold, it indicates that the leakage of the gas storage chamber 110 has reached a certain level, and it is necessary to timely and effectively separate the first gas and the light gas from the mixed gas to prevent the light gas diffused into the buffer chamber 140 from continuing to diffuse into the atmosphere outside the container body 100, thereby causing irreversible losses. At this time, the separation unit 200 will be activated to perform the gas-liquid separation task. Through this real-time monitoring and data analysis, the gas container system of the present invention can respond to and handle potential leakage problems in a timely manner, ensure the safety and efficiency of gas storage, and reduce possible environmental impacts and economic losses. The alarm signal issued by the detection unit serves as a trigger mechanism, which immediately instructs the separation unit 200 to immediately start and execute its preset separation program. The light gas system of the present invention realizes continuous monitoring and immediate feedback mechanism of light gas leakage concentration by configuring the detection unit and the separation unit 200 and ensuring data connectivity between the two, ensuring efficient and timely response measures.

[0082] Preferably, if Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the separation unit 200 realizes the function of effectively separating the light gas and the first gas in the mixed gas by integrating components such as the heat exchanger 230, the refrigerator 210 and the gas-liquid separator 220. The outer wall portion 130 of the container body 100 is provided with a first connecting channel 131 and a second connecting channel 132 that can be opened and closed, and these channels are used to connect the buffer chamber 140 and the separation unit 200. The mixed gas can be extracted from the buffer chamber 140 through the first connecting channel 131, and the first gas after separation can be refilled into the buffer chamber 140 through the second connecting channel 132. In addition, the container body 100 is also provided with a recovery channel 121, which can penetrate the inner wall portion 120 and the outer wall portion 130 to establish a connection between the gas storage chamber 110 and the separation unit 200. This design allows the light gas separated from the mixed gas and the light gas from other gas storage equipment to be replenished into the gas storage chamber 110 through the recovery channel 121. In order to accurately control the opening and closing of these channels, valves controlled by the separation unit 200 are provided on the first connecting channel 131, the second connecting channel 132 and the recovery channel 121. These valves ensure that the channels can be accurately controlled and safely managed in different operation stages, such as extracting the mixed gas, refilling the first gas and replenishing the light gas. The first connecting channel 131 and the second connecting channel 132 both adopt a controllable opening and closing design. This feature enables the system to achieve accurate regulation of gas flow, thereby ensuring the effective extraction of the mixed gas and the orderly refilling of the first gas. When necessary, these controllable opening and closing connecting channels can quickly cut off the gas flow path, effectively prevent gas leakage or unexpected release of the mixed gas, and significantly enhance the safety and reliability of the entire system. In addition, the light gas container of the present invention forms a closed-loop system between the gas storage chamber 110 and the separation unit 200 by configuring the recovery channel 121, and the system can effectively recover the light gas from the separation unit 200, reducing the loss of light gas and improving the recovery rate of the gas. In addition, the design of the recovery channel 121 penetrating the inner and outer walls provides a safe return path for the light gas, thereby avoiding the risk of light gas leakage outside the system.

[0083] Preferably, the lightweight gas container of the present invention can be used in hydrogen energy vehicles to solve the problem of hydrogen leakage. In order to better meet the application requirements of hydrogen energy vehicles, the separation unit 200 of the present invention can be adjusted and optimized in a series of ways. First, considering the space limitations of hydrogen energy vehicles, the components of the separation unit 200, including the refrigerator 210, the gas-liquid separator 220 and the heat exchanger 230, will adopt a highly integrated design scheme to reduce the overall volume while maintaining high-efficiency operation. The integrated design will optimize the heat dissipation efficiency, and through the compact radiator design and effective heat conduction materials, ensure that the system can maintain a suitable operating temperature in a compact space. At the same time, in order to solve the problem of temporary storage of separated hydrogen in the vehicle, the separation unit 200 will be equipped with a temporary storage container, which can safely store the separated hydrogen until the appropriate time (such as when the vehicle stops or runs at a low speed, the pressure of the storage container reaches a preset upper limit, the vehicle is refueled with hydrogen, etc.) to recover or safely discharge it. In addition, the temporary storage container will be equipped with necessary safety devices, such as a pressure relief valve, to ensure that the safety pressure limit will not be exceeded under any circumstances. Taking into account the vibration and impact during the driving process of the vehicle, all components and connections of the separation unit 200 will adopt a shockproof design to ensure the stability and reliability of the system during driving. In addition, the separation unit 200 will be equipped with an advanced automatic control system that can monitor and adjust key parameters such as gas concentration, pressure and temperature in real time to ensure the accuracy and safety of the separation process. In order to adapt to the dynamic environment of the vehicle, the design of the separation unit 200 will also take into account temperature changes, humidity and other environmental factors, and adopt highly adaptable materials and sealing technology to ensure that the system can work normally under various environmental conditions. Through these adjustments and optimizations to the separation unit 200, the lightweight gas container system of the present invention will be able to be more efficiently and safely applied to hydrogen energy vehicles, effectively solve the problem of hydrogen leakage, and improve the safety and reliability of hydrogen energy vehicles.

[0084] Preferably, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the gas storage chamber 110 inside the container body 100 can be configured as multiple, so that the inside of the container body 100 is divided into multiple independent gas storage areas. The number of recovery channels 121 can match the number of gas storage chambers 110, ensuring that the gas storage capacity of each gas storage chamber 110 can be accurately controlled by controlling the amount of light gas entering through the recovery channel 121. This design not only improves the flexibility and efficiency of the system, but also enhances the safety and reliability of the gas storage process.

[0085] The following is an optimized description of the processing flow of the separation unit 200, taking hydrogen (H2) as the light gas and tetrafluoroethane (C2H2F4) as the first gas as an example:

[0086] Combination Figure 4 When the detection unit in the buffer chamber 140 detects that the concentration of the light gas in the mixed gas reaches a concentration threshold, which can be preset to 1%, that is, the mixed gas contains 99% C2H2F4 and 1% H2, the detection unit will send a start signal to the separation unit 200. In response to this signal, the separation unit 200 will open the valve on the first connecting channel 131, thereby extracting the mixed gas from the buffer chamber 140.

[0087] To ensure the stability and repeatability of the subsequent processing steps, the separation unit 200 is equipped with a pressure reducing valve and a flow controller (MFC) connected to the first connecting channel 131. Under the regulation of the two, the pressure and flow of the mixed gas are accurately controlled to appropriate values ​​(1Mpa, 2L / min), and supplied to the heat exchanger 230 at room temperature (25°C).

[0088] The heat exchanger 230 reduces the temperature of the mixed gas by exchanging heat with a cooling medium (such as cold water or refrigerant), which helps reduce the load of subsequent refrigeration equipment and improves condensation efficiency. The mixed gas pre-cooled by the heat exchanger 230 is then sent to the refrigerator 210. The refrigerator 210 uses multi-stage refrigeration technology to further reduce the temperature of the mixed gas to -40°C. At this low temperature, C2H2F4 is condensed into a liquid state, while H2 remains in a gaseous state due to its extremely low boiling point (-252.87°C).

[0089] The condensed liquid C2H2F4 and the remaining gaseous H2 enter the gas-liquid separator 220. Here, due to the density difference, the liquid C2H2F4 settles to the bottom of the gas-liquid separator 220, while the gaseous H2 remains at the top of the gas-liquid separator 220, thereby achieving the preliminary separation of C2H2F4 and H2.

[0090] The separated C2H2F4 and H2 enter the heat exchanger 230 through different pipelines, and the heat exchanger 230 restores the two to room temperature. Among them, the liquid C2H2F4 treated by the heat exchanger 230 is converted back into gaseous state, and is refilled into the buffer chamber 140 through the second connecting channel 132 under the guidance of the pipeline of the separation unit 200. There is still a small amount of C2H2F4 in the H2 after preliminary separation, so the separation unit 200 is also equipped with an adsorption column to further separate C2H2F4. The adsorption column is filled with adsorbents, such as activated carbon or molecular sieves, which have strong adsorption capacity for C2H2F4, but weak adsorption capacity for H2. In this way, H2 can penetrate the adsorption column, and C2H2F4 is captured by the adsorbent. The adsorption column can also be equipped with desiccants such as silica gel or molecular sieves to remove moisture from the airflow.

[0091] After further separation, the H2 is finally detected by a two-component gas analyzer such as model BGA244HP to determine that pure H2 has been obtained. Then, the pure H2 can be selectively refilled into the gas storage chamber 110 through the recovery channel 121 under the guidance of the pipeline of the separation unit 200, or filled into other light gas recovery tanks for storage.

[0092] During the whole process, multiple temperature sensors and pressure transmitters (such as Figure 4 PT1~PT9 shown in the figure) are used to monitor and adjust the temperature and pressure in real time to ensure the accuracy and safety of the separation operation conditions. In addition, the separation unit 200 is also equipped with a control element that automatically controls the entire process, which is used to connect the data of the detection unit in the buffer chamber 140 and is responsible for automatically adjusting the flow controller, starting and stopping the refrigerator 210, monitoring and recording data, etc.

[0093] Preferably, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a fixing portion 150 is further provided inside the container body 100, and the fixing portion 150 is located between the inner wall portion 120 and the outer wall portion 130 of the container body 100, and is used to fix the gas storage chamber 110 at a specific position inside the container body 100. This design enables the gas storage chamber 110 to be kept inside the container body 100 in a suspended manner, ensuring that the buffer chamber 140 can exist in a manner of surrounding the gas storage chamber 110, thereby ensuring that the light gas diffused therefrom can enter the buffer chamber 140 for subsequent recycling and treatment. Preferably, the fixing portion 150 can also be used for the configuration of the aforementioned detection unit, that is, the fixing portion 150 can provide a placement basis for the configuration of the detection unit. Such a design not only enhances the stability of the gas storage chamber 110, but also facilitates the installation of the detection unit, ensuring the functionality and efficiency of the entire system. Through this structural design, the component layout inside the container body 100 is more reasonable, and the operation is safer and more reliable.

[0094] Example 2

[0095] This embodiment is a further improvement on Embodiment 1, and the repeated contents will not be repeated here.

[0096] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the container body 100 is designed to have a three-layer wall structure, namely an inner wall portion 120, a first outer wall portion 130a and a second outer wall portion 130b. This structure forms an air storage chamber 110 and two buffer chambers, namely a first buffer chamber 140a and a second buffer chamber 140b.

[0097] The inner gas storage chamber 110 is a part that directly contacts the light gas and holds the required light gas, such as hydrogen. The first buffer chamber 140a is located between the inner wall portion 120 and the first outer wall portion 130a, and the second buffer chamber 140b is located between the first outer wall portion 130a and the second outer wall portion 130b. Both buffer chambers can be filled with a first gas whose liquefaction temperature is higher than that of the light gas at the same gas pressure.

[0098] The gas storage chamber 110 is the part that is in direct contact with the light gas and maintains the required light gas, such as hydrogen. The inner wall portion 120 and the first outer wall portion 130a are connected by the fixing portion 150, thereby ensuring that the gas storage chamber 110 can be fixed in the container body 100 in a suspended manner. The fixing portion 150 can be a support frame arranged around the inner wall portion 120. Such a design allows the buffer chamber 140 to completely surround the gas storage chamber 110, ensuring that the light gas diffused therefrom can enter the buffer chamber 140 instead of directly diffusing into the outside atmosphere.

[0099] The first buffer chamber 140a is located between the inner wall portion 120 and the first outer wall portion 130a, and the second buffer chamber 140b is located between the first outer wall portion 130a and the second outer wall portion 130b. The first outer wall portion 130a and the second outer wall portion 130b are also connected by the fixing portion 150, so as to ensure that the first buffer chamber 140a can also be fixed in the container body 100 in a suspended manner. Both buffer chambers 140 can be filled with a first gas, the liquefaction temperature of which is higher than the liquefaction temperature of the light gas at the same gas pressure. In addition, detection units are respectively installed on the fixing portions 150 of the first buffer chamber 140a and the second buffer chamber 140b, which can monitor the gas pressure, temperature and composition in each buffer chamber 140 in real time, so as to use these data to evaluate the storage state of the light gas to ensure that it meets the safety standards, and trigger an alarm or automatically start the separation unit 200 to separate and recover the gas when a potential leak or other abnormal situation is detected.

[0100] In this embodiment, the gas storage chamber 110, the first buffer chamber 140a and the second buffer chamber 140b are respectively filled with gases of different pressures, so that three pressure gradients are formed between the container body 100 and the outside atmosphere, wherein: the first pressure gradient exists between the gas storage chamber 110 and the first buffer chamber 140a; the second pressure gradient exists between the first buffer chamber 140a and the second buffer chamber 140b; and the third pressure gradient exists between the second buffer chamber 140b and the outside atmosphere.

[0101] This three-pressure gradient design further reduces the diffusion rate of light gas from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area, because the light gas must pass through three pressure gradients in sequence to reach the external environment. Each pressure gradient helps to capture and temporarily store light gas that may leak from the gas storage chamber 110, thereby increasing the opportunity for recovery and recycling, and improving the efficiency and safety of light gas retention.

[0102] Preferably, detection units are installed on the fixed parts 150 of the first buffer chamber 140a and the second buffer chamber 140b, respectively. These detection units can monitor the gas pressure, temperature and composition in the respective buffer chambers 140 in real time, so as to use these data to evaluate the storage status of the light gas to ensure that it meets safety standards, and trigger an alarm or automatically start the separation unit 200 for gas separation and recovery when potential leakage or other abnormal conditions are detected.

[0103] Preferably, in the light gas container system, the first buffer chamber 140a is adjacent to the inner gas storage chamber 110, and therefore may be exposed to a higher concentration of light gas, which requires its detection unit to be more sensitive to the detection of light gas and set a lower leakage threshold to detect potential leaks as early as possible. At the same time, the second buffer chamber 140b is farther away from the inner gas storage chamber and may contain more diluted light gas, so its detection unit needs to be adjusted to adapt to the lower gas concentration, and a higher leakage threshold can be set, because it mainly serves as an additional safety buffer and the possibility of leakage is relatively low. Such a differentiated setting allows the detection units of the two buffer chambers 140 to be optimized according to their respective characteristics and needs, ensuring that the monitoring of the entire system is both accurate and efficient.

[0104] It should be noted that the above-mentioned specific embodiments are exemplary, and those skilled in the art can come up with various solutions inspired by the disclosure of the present invention, and these solutions also belong to the disclosure scope of the present invention and fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention specification and its drawings are illustrative and do not constitute a limitation of the claims. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents. The present invention specification contains multiple inventive concepts, such as "preferably" or "according to a preferred embodiment", which means that the corresponding paragraph discloses an independent concept, and the applicant reserves the right to file a divisional application based on each inventive concept. Throughout the text, the features guided by "preferably" are only an optional method and should not be understood as a must-have setting. Therefore, the applicant reserves the right to abandon or delete the relevant preferred features at any time.

[0105] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0106] In the description of the present invention, "first feature" or "second feature" may include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more.

[0107] In the description of the present invention, a first feature being “on” or “under” a second feature may include that the first and second features are directly in contact with each other, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact with each other but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween.

[0108] In the description of the present invention, “on”, “over” and “above” a first feature from a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is horizontally higher than the second feature.

[0109] In the description of this specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention.

[0110] In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0111] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A light gas container system, comprising a container body (100) capable of being filled with and retaining a light gas, characterized in that: The container body (100) has at least two layers of wall structure, and the container body (100) can retain light gas by means of an inner wall portion (120); at least one buffer chamber (140) can be formed between the inner wall portion (120) and an outer wall portion (130) sleeved thereon; the buffer chamber (140) can be filled with a first gas different from the light gas, so as to reduce the diffusion rate of the light gas by forming at least two pressure gradients between the container body (100) and the outside atmosphere; when the light gas accumulates in the buffer chamber (140) to a concentration threshold, a mixed gas containing the light gas and the first gas can be extracted; after separation and purification, the first gas can be re-injected into the buffer chamber (140), so as to maintain the pressure gradient through this periodic cycle; A plurality of mutually independent gas storage chambers (110) are arranged inside the inner wall portion (120) of the container body (100); under the condition that the liquefaction temperature of the first gas filled into the buffer chamber (140) is higher than the liquefaction temperature of the light gas at the same gas pressure, the type of the first gas can be determined based on the evaluation result of the capacity of the container body (100) and the required working pressure of the light gas; the container body (100) can form a plurality of capacity levels by adjusting the number and / or size of the gas storage chambers (110); the type of the first gas filled into the buffer chamber (140) can be determined according to the correspondence between the first gas's physical and chemical properties and the different capacity levels; The light gas container system comprises a separation unit (200) which is arranged outside the container body (100) and can be respectively connected to the gas storage chamber (110) and the buffer chamber (140) through pipelines. The light gas container system further comprises a detection unit for acquiring information of the mixed gas in the buffer chamber (140); the separation unit (200) can be data-connected to the detection unit, so as to respond to a data signal emitted by the detection unit indicating that the leakage concentration of the light gas has reached a concentration threshold, separate the light gas by utilizing the difference in boiling point, adsorption selectivity or diffusion rate between the light gas and the first gas, and selectively circulate the separated light gas back into the gas storage chamber (110) or store it in a dedicated light gas recovery tank.

2. The light gas container system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixing portion (150) for fixing the gas storage chamber (110) in a suspended manner within the container body (100) is arranged between the inner wall portion (120) and the outer wall portion (130), and the detection unit for obtaining mixed gas information within the buffer chamber (140) is mounted on the fixing portion (150).

3. The light gas container system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light gas in the gas storage chamber (110) and the first gas in the buffer chamber (140) are filled at different times and / or locations, and the light gas in the gas storage chamber (110) and the first gas in the buffer chamber (140) are filled using different gas filling devices and / or pressure regulating devices.

4. The light gas container system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall portion (130) of the container body (100) is provided with a first connecting channel (131) and a second connecting channel (132) that can be controlled to open and close, and both connecting channels can be connected to the separation unit (200), wherein: The first connecting channel (131) is used to suck out the untreated mixed gas from the buffer chamber (140); The second connecting channel (132) is used to refill the separated first gas into the buffer chamber (140).

5. The light gas container system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The container body (100) is provided with a recovery channel (121), and the recovery channel (121) connects the gas storage chamber (110) with the separation unit (200) in a manner of penetrating the inner wall portion (120) and the outer wall portion (130), so as to recover the light gas separated from the mixed gas by the separation unit (200).

6. The light gas container system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first connecting channel (131), the second connecting channel (132) and the recovery channel (121) are all provided with valves controlled by the separation unit (200), so that the three channels can be controllably opened and closed by the separation unit (200) at different operation stages.

7. The light gas container system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas storage chamber (110) and the buffer chamber (140) can select different working pressure ranges for the light gas and the first gas according to differences in operating conditions and application requirements, wherein, under the premise of ensuring that the liquefaction characteristic requirements are met, the buffer chamber (140) can set the working pressure for the first gas in a manner that reduces the pressure difference between the first gas and the light gas.

8. The light gas container system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The first gas filled into the buffer chamber (140) is one or more of ammonia, ethane, isobutane, chlorine, nitrous oxide, sulfur dioxide or tetrafluoroethane.

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