A magnetic coupling type pulse generator for oil drilling

Abstract

The present invention discloses a magnetic coupling type pulse generator for oil drilling, which relates to the field of oil drilling communication technology, and comprises an upper shell, a middle shell and a lower shell fixed in sequence; a controller and a liquid inlet pipe are fixed in the upper shell, a liquid outlet pipe is fixed in the lower shell, an upper magnetic coupling structure, an upper adjustment plate and a lower adjustment plate are respectively arranged in the liquid inlet pipe, an upper through hole is arranged on the upper adjustment plate, a lower through hole is arranged on the lower adjustment plate, a lower magnetic coupling structure is arranged on the upper part of the liquid outlet pipe, the upper magnetic coupling structure and the lower magnetic coupling structure are respectively used to control the rotation of the upper adjustment plate and the lower adjustment plate, and the upper magnetic coupling structure cooperates with the lower magnetic coupling structure to adjust the overlap area between the upper through hole and the lower through hole. The present invention can control the flow rate and flow velocity of drilling fluid in a more flexible and accurate manner through the magnetic coupling mechanism and the electromagnetic induction principle, thereby achieving the purpose of effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of signal transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling communication, and in particular to a magnetic coupling type pulse generator for oil drilling. Background Art

[0002] Effective signal transmission is crucial in the oil drilling process. In the existing technology, the flow rate and flow velocity regulation of the drilling fluid are usually not flexible enough, resulting in low signal transmission efficiency. Therefore, a technology is needed that can accurately control the drilling fluid pulse in a complex downhole environment.

[0003] The Chinese invention patent publication number CN104334831A discloses a rotary pulse generator for transmitting information from downhole in a well to the surface by generating a pressure pulse encoded to contain information, the rotary pulse generator includes a rotor with blades, depending on the circumferential orientation of the rotor, the blades can impart variable obstruction to the flow of drilling fluid through the stator channel, so that the rotation of the rotor generated by the motor generates an encoded pressure pulse, the spring biases the rotor toward the stator to reduce the axial gap between the rotor and the stator, when the pressure drop across the rotor becomes excessive, for example, when the drilling fluid flow rate is increased or switched from a high data rate to a low data rate transmission mode, the spring bias is overcome to increase the axial gap and reduce the pressure drop across the rotor, thereby automatically reducing the thrust load on the bearing. When the rotary pulse generator is actually used, the encoded pressure pulse is generated by the rotation of the rotor for signal transmission, but the technology still has the following technical problems in actual application:

[0004] 1. Insufficient flexibility and accuracy of flow control

[0005] The rotary pulse generator relies on the rotation of the rotor to regulate the flow of drilling fluid and generates coded pressure pulses by changing the circumferential orientation of the rotor. However, this regulation method based on mechanical rotation has certain limitations in accurately controlling the flow rate. The specific reasons are:

[0006] (1) Mechanical inertia: The rotation of the rotor and the blocking of the blades are mechanical actions. Due to mechanical inertia, the response speed is slow, which makes it impossible to accurately control the instantaneous flow rate.

[0007] (2) Limitation of spring bias: The rotary pulse generator relies on a spring to control the gap between the rotor and the stator. However, there is a lag effect in the adjustment of the spring bias, which results in the inability to adjust in time under rapidly changing working conditions, thus reducing the accuracy of flow control.

[0008] (3) Limited by fixed channel design: The flow of drilling fluid only passes through the stator channel, and the shape and size of the channel are fixed and cannot be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs, resulting in inaccurate flow control.

[0009] 2. Performance limitations when switching between high data rate and low data rate transmission modes

[0010] When the rotary pulse generator switches between high data rate and low data rate transmission modes, the performance of the rotary pulse generator is easily affected and stable signal transmission cannot be guaranteed. The specific reasons are:

[0011] (1) The rotor has a limited adjustment range: The rotor’s rotation speed and blades have a limited adjustment range. When switching from a high data rate to a low data rate, the system needs to quickly change the frequency or intensity of the pulse signal. However, the rotor’s inertia makes this switching process not smooth enough, and signal fluctuations or interruptions are prone to occur.

[0012] (2) Axial clearance adjustment hysteresis: In high data rate mode, the increase in flow will cause the pressure drop across the rotor to increase. After the spring bias is overcome, the axial clearance increases. However, this adjustment process is relatively slow, resulting in the axial clearance adjustment not keeping up with the demand when switching to low data rate mode, affecting the stability of the signal.

[0013] (3) Impact of mechanical wear: Frequent speed switching will aggravate the friction and wear between the rotor and the stator, especially under high pressure or high flow rate conditions, further reducing the response speed and adjustment accuracy of the equipment, thereby affecting the reliability of signal transmission.

[0014] 3. Limited application scenarios

[0015] (1) Complex downhole environment: In complex downhole environments, such as changing geological conditions and unstable drilling fluid flow rates, mechanically adjusted rotary pulse generators are difficult to quickly adapt to these changes, resulting in limited flexibility and accuracy in the signal transmission process.

[0016] (2) High-pressure operation: In high-pressure drilling operations, the drilling fluid flow rate is high and changes frequently. The mechanical components of the rotary pulse generator are easily damaged and it is difficult to maintain a stable signal output, especially when a high-frequency pulse signal is required.

[0017] In summary, the above-mentioned existing rotary pulse generator has obvious performance limitations in terms of flexibility and accuracy of flow control, as well as responsiveness when switching between high and low data rate transmission modes. This is mainly due to the inherent limitations and hysteresis effects of its mechanical adjustment method. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new technology to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0018] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and to provide a magnetically coupled pulse generator for oil drilling. The present invention uses a magnetic coupling mechanism combined with the principle of electromagnetic induction to control the flow rate and velocity of the drilling fluid in a more flexible and precise manner, thereby achieving the purpose of effectively improving the efficiency and accuracy of signal transmission.

[0019] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0020] A magnetic coupling type pulse generator for oil drilling, comprising an upper shell, a middle shell and a lower shell which are threadedly fixed in sequence from top to bottom; wherein,

[0021] A liquid outlet pipe is fixed in the lower shell, a lower bracket is fixed on the upper part of the inner wall of the liquid outlet pipe, and a lower coil assembly is fixed above the lower bracket;

[0022] A controller and a liquid inlet pipe are fixed in the upper shell, an upper bracket is fixed in the liquid inlet pipe, an upper coil group is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper bracket, the upper coil group and the lower coil group are both electrically connected to the controller, a movable upper adjustment plate is provided below the upper coil group, a plurality of upper through holes are provided on the upper adjustment plate, and the plurality of upper through holes are evenly distributed around the axis of the upper adjustment plate; an upper adjustment shaft is fixed in the middle of the upper adjustment plate, the upper adjustment shaft moves upward along the axis direction of the upper adjustment plate, penetrates the upper coil group and the upper bracket, and then extends to the top of the upper bracket; a lower adjustment plate is provided below the upper adjustment plate, a plurality of lower through holes corresponding to the upper through holes are provided on the lower adjustment plate, and the middle of the lower adjustment plate is fixed A lower adjusting shaft is provided which moves downward and passes through the lower coil group and the lower bracket; a reset spring is provided between the lower adjusting plate and the lower coil group, and the reset spring is sleeved on the lower adjusting shaft, and the lower adjusting plate abuts against the upper adjusting plate under the action of the reset spring; a plurality of second magnets are fixed on both the upper adjusting shaft and the lower adjusting shaft, and the upper coil group cooperates with the second magnet on the upper adjusting shaft to form an upper magnetic coupling structure for controlling the rotation of the upper adjusting plate, and the lower coil group cooperates with the second magnet on the lower adjusting shaft to form a lower magnetic coupling structure for controlling the rotation of the lower adjusting plate, and the upper magnetic coupling structure cooperates with the lower magnetic coupling structure to adjust the overlapping area between the upper through hole and the lower through hole.

[0023] A symmetrical slide groove and a plurality of slip rings are separately arranged on the inner wall of the liquid inlet pipe at the lower end of the upper bracket. The slide groove penetrates the liquid inlet pipe downward along the axial direction of the liquid inlet pipe. The plurality of slip rings are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the liquid inlet pipe, and the slip rings intersect the slide groove vertically. Blocks corresponding to the slide groove are symmetrically fixed on the circumferential side surface of the upper adjustment plate, and the blocks are slidably connected to the slide groove and the slip ring respectively.

[0024] The upper coil group and the lower coil group both include a stator and a coil, and the coil includes an inner coil fixed on the inner side of the stator and an outer coil fixed on the outer side of the stator respectively. The stator of the upper coil group is fixed on the upper bracket, and the upper adjustment shaft passes through the stator of the upper coil group. The upper coil group cooperates with the second magnet on the upper adjustment shaft through the stator and the coil to form an upper magnetic coupling structure; the stator of the lower coil group is fixed on the lower bracket, and the lower adjustment shaft passes through the stator of the lower coil group. The lower coil group cooperates with the second magnet on the lower adjustment shaft through the stator and the coil to form a lower magnetic coupling structure.

[0025] The upper impeller is rotatably connected to the stator of the upper coil group, and the lower impeller is rotatably connected to the stator of the lower coil group. Multiple first magnets are fixed on the upper impeller and the lower impeller. The first magnets on the upper impeller cooperate with the coils on the upper coil group to form a first electromagnetic power generation structure, and the first magnets on the lower impeller cooperate with the coils on the lower coil group to form a second electromagnetic power generation structure.

[0026] The upper impeller and the lower impeller both have a through hole, an inner ring surface and an outer ring surface. The upper impeller is rotatably sleeved on the upper coil group through the through hole, and the lower impeller is rotatably sleeved on the lower coil group through the through hole. The first magnet on the upper impeller is evenly fixed on the inner ring surface and the outer ring surface, respectively, and the first magnet on the lower impeller is evenly fixed on the inner ring surface and the outer ring surface, respectively.

[0027] A lower induction coil electrically connected to the controller is fixed between the lower shell and the liquid outlet pipe. The lower induction coil is located around the lower impeller, and the lower induction coil cooperates with the first magnet on the lower impeller to form a third electromagnetic power generation structure.

[0028] An upper clamping ring and a lower clamping ring are respectively fixed to the opposite ends of the lower adjustment plate and the lower coil group, and a rotatable flexible protective sleeve is connected between the upper clamping ring and the lower clamping ring.

[0029] The upper and lower ends of the middle shell are respectively fixed in the upper shell and the lower shell by inclined threads, and the inner diameter of the liquid inlet pipe is the same as that of the liquid outlet pipe, and the inner diameter of the middle shell is larger than that of the liquid inlet pipe.

[0030] An upper induction coil is fixed between the upper shell and the liquid inlet pipe, and the upper induction coil is electrically connected to the controller; a plurality of third magnets are fixedly connected to the circumferential side surface of the lower adjustment plate, and the plurality of third magnets are evenly distributed around the axis of the lower adjustment plate; when the lower adjustment plate rotates, the third magnets cooperate with the upper induction coil to form an electromagnetic induction structure.

[0031] The upper end of the upper induction coil is located on the upper side of the upper bracket, and the lower end of the upper induction coil is located on the lower side of the liquid inlet pipe.

[0032] The advantages of adopting the present invention are:

[0033] 1. Precise drilling fluid flow management and pulse signal generation; the drilling fluid flows in through the inlet pipe, and the relative position of the upper and lower through holes is changed to precisely control the drilling fluid flow, thereby achieving on-demand adjustment of the flow rate. This adjustment capability is not limited to continuous flow control, but also includes intermittent on-off control, thereby generating pulse signals of different intensities and modes to meet the needs of various underground operation scenarios. When the pulse signal strength needs to be enhanced, the lower coil group is driven by the controller command, and the lower adjustment shaft and the lower adjustment plate are driven to rotate through the lower magnetic coupling structure to change the overlapping area of ​​the upper and lower through holes, thereby increasing or decreasing the instantaneous flow of the drilling fluid and achieving precise pulse signal output intensity regulation.

[0034] 2. High flexibility and adaptability; the position adjustment of the upper and lower adjustment plates adopts a locking and sliding mechanism design. The upper coil group drives the card block to switch between the slide groove and the slip ring to achieve locking and unlocking of the upper adjustment plate, ensuring rapid response and precise adjustment under various working conditions. The equipment is also equipped with a reset spring, which can ensure automatic reset of the upper and lower adjustment plates even when the drilling fluid circulation state needs to be greatly changed under extreme working conditions, maintaining the normal working order of the equipment and enhancing the robustness and adaptability of the system.

[0035] 3. Energy recovery and self-sufficient system; through the energy recovery mechanism, when the drilling fluid flows through the middle shell and the lower shell, its kinetic energy is captured by the upper impeller and the lower impeller. The first magnet fixed on the two impellers rotates and generates an alternating magnetic field, forming electromagnetic induction between the inner coil and the outer coil on the stator, thereby converting mechanical energy into electrical energy to power the controller, achieving the purpose of energy saving and self-power supply.

[0036] 4. The dual signal transmission mechanism ensures reliable information transmission; when conventional drilling fluid pulse signals are not sufficient to cope with complex working conditions, the additional design of the present invention introduces an electromagnetic induction structure formed by the cooperation of a third magnet and an upper induction coil. The multiple third magnets on the lower adjustment plate rotate under the drive of the lower coil group, and can use the electromagnetic induction principle to directly transmit electromagnetic signals to the outside world, thereby ensuring that information can be efficiently and accurately transmitted to the ground control system under any circumstances.

[0037] 5. Integrated and modular design: The split shell structure makes the equipment easier to disassemble, install and maintain, and the overall structure is compact, which is suitable for installation and operation in the narrow space underground. For example, the larger inner diameter design of the middle shell is not only conducive to the smooth flow of drilling fluid, but also provides sufficient space for the internal components.

[0038] 6. Intelligent control and automatic operation; the whole system is tightly electrically connected to the controller to realize drilling fluid flow and pulse signal.

[0039] 7. The present invention uses a magnetic coupling mechanism combined with the principle of electromagnetic induction to achieve precise control of drilling fluid pulses and directly transmit signals through electromagnetic induction when necessary, overcoming the limitations of flow control in the prior art and improving the flexibility and accuracy of signal transmission. It is particularly suitable for complex downhole working environments. The application of the present invention will help the drilling of deep and ultra-deep wells, and will help greatly improve the ability of measurement while drilling systems to transmit data using mud, and will have significant economic and social benefits in the next 3-5 years. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is the overall cross-sectional view of the present invention (I);

[0041] Figure 2 It is the overall cross-sectional view of the present invention (II);

[0042] Figure 3 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 It is the AA cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 It is the BB cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 It is a CC cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 It is the DD cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 It is the EE cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0048] Fig. 9 It is the FF cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.10 It is an enlarged view of G of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.11 It is an enlarged view of the H portion of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.12 It is an enlarged view of J of the present invention;

[0052] Fig.13 It is an enlarged view of K of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.14 It is a partial stereogram (I) of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.15 It is a partial stereogram (II) of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.16It is a partial exploded view (I) of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.17 It is a partial exploded view (II) of the present invention;

[0057] Fig.18 It is a partial exploded view (III) of the present invention.

[0058] Markings in the figure are: 1. upper shell; 2. middle shell; 3. lower shell; 4. liquid inlet pipe; 5. upper bracket; 6. upper coil group; 7. upper adjustment plate; 8. upper adjustment shaft; 9. lower adjustment plate; 10. lower adjustment shaft; 11. lower coil group; 12. lower bracket; 13. liquid outlet pipe; 14. upper through hole; 15. lower through hole; 16. upper induction coil; 17. slide groove; 18. slip ring; 19. block; 20. upper impeller; 21. lower impeller; 22. upper retaining ring; 23. lower retaining ring; 24. protective cover; 25. lower induction coil; 26. inner coil; 27. outer coil; 28. first magnet; 29. ​​reset spring; 30. second magnet; 31. third magnet. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0059] Example 1

[0060] like Figure 1-18 As shown, this embodiment provides a magnetic coupling type oil drilling pulse generator, including an upper shell 1, a middle shell 2 and a lower shell 3, wherein the upper shell 1, the middle shell 2 and the lower shell 3 are screwed in sequence from top to bottom, and the upper end of the middle shell 2 is screwed in the upper shell 1 through an inclined thread, and the lower end of the middle shell 2 is screwed in the lower shell 3 through an inclined thread.

[0061] A liquid outlet pipe 13 is fixed in the lower shell 3 , a lower bracket 12 is fixed to the upper portion of the inner wall of the liquid outlet pipe 13 , and a lower coil assembly 11 is fixed above the lower bracket 12 .

[0062] A liquid inlet pipe 4 is fixed in the upper shell 1, an upper bracket 5 is fixed in the middle of the liquid inlet pipe 4, an upper coil group 6 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper bracket 5, a movable upper adjustment plate 7 is provided below the upper coil group 6, a plurality of upper through holes 14 are provided on the upper adjustment plate 7, the number of the upper through holes 14 can be 4, 6, etc., and the plurality of upper through holes 14 are evenly distributed around the axis of the upper adjustment plate 7. An upper adjustment shaft 8 is fixed in the middle of the upper adjustment plate 7, the upper adjustment shaft 8 moves upward along the axis direction of the upper adjustment plate 7 to penetrate the upper coil group 6 and the upper bracket 5 and then extends to the top of the upper bracket 5. A lower adjustment plate 9 is provided below the upper adjustment plate 7, a plurality of lower through holes 15 corresponding to the upper through holes 14 are provided on the lower adjustment plate 9, a lower adjustment shaft 10 is fixed in the middle of the lower adjustment plate 9 to move downward to penetrate the lower coil group 11 and the lower bracket 12, the upper adjustment shaft 8 and the lower adjustment shaft 10 are of the same size, and the axis center lines of the upper adjustment shaft 8 and the lower adjustment shaft 10 coincide. A return spring 29 is provided between the lower adjustment plate 9 and the lower coil assembly 11 . The return spring 29 is sleeved on the lower adjustment shaft 10 . The lower adjustment plate 9 abuts against the upper adjustment plate 7 under the action of the return spring 29 .

[0063] Furthermore, multiple second magnets 30 are fixed on the upper adjusting shaft 8 and the lower adjusting shaft 10, and the second magnets 30 on the upper adjusting shaft 8 and the second magnets 30 on the lower adjusting shaft 10 are evenly arranged in a circular array. The upper coil group 6 cooperates with the second magnets 30 on the upper adjusting shaft 8 to form an upper magnetic coupling structure for controlling the rotation of the upper adjusting plate 7, and the lower coil group 11 cooperates with the second magnets 30 on the lower adjusting shaft 10 to form a lower magnetic coupling structure for controlling the rotation of the lower adjusting plate 9. The upper magnetic coupling structure and the lower magnetic coupling structure cooperate to adjust the overlapping area between the upper through hole 14 and the lower through hole 15.

[0064] Specifically, when the upper magnetic coupling structure is started, the upper adjustment shaft 8 can be controlled to rotate, and then the upper adjustment plate 7 can be controlled to rotate. When the lower magnetic coupling structure is started, the lower adjustment shaft 10 can be controlled to rotate, and then the lower adjustment plate 9 can be controlled to rotate. The upper magnetic coupling structure cooperates with the lower magnetic coupling structure to adjust the overlap area between the upper through hole 14 and the lower through hole 15, and then the flow rate, flow rate and on-off control of the drilling fluid between the liquid inlet pipe 4 and the liquid outlet pipe 13 can be achieved. In addition, in actual applications, when the upper through hole 14 and the lower through hole 15 are not connected, the drilling fluid will not be able to flow downward. When the pressure of the drilling fluid on the upper adjustment plate 7 is greater than the elastic force of the reset spring 29, the reset spring 29 will be compressed, and the upper adjustment plate 7, the upper adjustment shaft 8, the lower adjustment plate 9 and the lower adjustment shaft 10 will all move downward. It should be noted that the maximum stroke of the upper adjustment plate 7 can move downward to the inside of the middle shell 2.

[0065] In addition, a controller (not shown) is fixed in the upper shell 1, and the upper coil group 6 and the lower coil group 11 are electrically connected to the controller, and the controller can control the upper coil group 6 and the lower coil group 11 to generate a magnetic field.

[0066] According to a preferred implementation of this embodiment, Figure 1-5 As shown in 11-12, the upper coil group 6 and the lower coil group 11 both include a stator and a coil, the stator has an inner side and an outer side, the coil includes an inner coil 26 and an outer coil 27, and the inner coil 26 and the outer coil 27 are fixed to the inner side and the outer side of the stator respectively. The stator of the upper coil group 6 is fixed to the upper bracket 5, the upper adjustment shaft 8 passes through the stator of the upper coil group 6, and the upper coil group 6 cooperates with the second magnet 30 on the upper adjustment shaft 8 through the stator and the coil to form an upper magnetic coupling structure. The stator of the lower coil group 11 is fixed to the lower bracket 12, the lower adjustment shaft 10 passes through the stator of the lower coil group 11, and the lower coil group 11 cooperates with the second magnet 30 on the lower adjustment shaft 10 through the stator and the coil to form a lower magnetic coupling structure.

[0067] According to another preferred implementation of this embodiment, the inner diameter of the liquid inlet pipe 4 is the same as the inner diameter of the liquid outlet pipe 13, and the inner diameter of the middle shell 2 is larger than the inner diameter of the liquid inlet pipe 4. Such a design is conducive to the flow of drilling fluid, especially when the upper adjustment plate 7 moves downward into the middle shell 2, a flow channel will appear between the upper adjustment plate 7 and the inner wall of the middle shell 2, and the drilling fluid can be temporarily released through the flow channel, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the relative position between the upper and lower through holes 15.

[0068] According to another preferred implementation of this embodiment, Figure 1-4 As shown in Figures 10-11 and 15-16, an upper snap ring 22 and a lower snap ring 23 are fixed to the opposite ends of the lower adjustment plate 9 and the lower coil assembly 11, respectively, that is, the upper snap ring 22 is fixed to the lower end of the lower adjustment plate 9, and the lower snap ring 23 is fixed to the upper end of the lower coil assembly 11. In addition, a rotatable flexible protective sleeve 24 is connected between the upper snap ring 22 and the lower snap ring 23. The flexible protective sleeve 24 is made of flexible material and is in the shape of a corrugated tube. It has a retractable characteristic, which is conducive to ensuring good rotational contact between components and plays a certain protective and shock-absorbing role to prevent severe vibration from affecting equipment performance.

[0069] It should be noted that the pulse generator involves coils and magnet structures. To ensure the effective implementation of the present technology, the upper shell 1, the middle shell 2, the lower shell 3, the liquid inlet pipe 4, the liquid outlet pipe 13 and other related structural parts are preferably made of non-magnetic materials that meet the working conditions. For example, they can be made of stainless steel.

[0070] The implementation principle of this embodiment is:

[0071] When in use, the pulse generator is placed underground, and the drilling fluid enters from the inlet pipe 4, then passes through the middle shell 2, and finally flows out from the outlet pipe 13. During the flow, the drilling fluid flows from the upper through hole 14 and the lower through hole 15 into the middle shell 2.

[0072] When it is necessary to adjust the drilling fluid to generate a pulse, the controller controls the lower coil group 11 to generate a magnetic field. The lower coil group 11 forms a lower magnetic coupling structure through the multiple second magnets 30 on the lower adjusting shaft 10. The lower adjusting shaft 10 is driven to rotate by the lower magnetic coupling structure, and the lower adjusting shaft 10 then drives the lower adjusting plate 9 to rotate. When the lower adjusting plate 9 rotates, the relative positions of the upper through hole 14 and the lower through hole 15 change, resulting in a change in the overlapping area of ​​the upper through hole 14 and the lower through hole 15, thereby changing the drilling fluid flow area, thereby controlling the flow rate and on-off of the drilling fluid, and generating the required pulse.

[0073] When the pulse intensity generated by adjusting the overlapping area of ​​the upper through hole 14 and the lower through hole 15 is not enough to transmit the information to the ground, the lower magnetic coupling structure is used to control the rotation of the lower adjustment plate 9 so that the upper through hole 14 and the lower through hole 15 are not connected. At this time, the drilling fluid cannot pass between the upper through hole 14 and the lower through hole 15. Then, under the pressure of the drilling fluid, the upper adjustment plate 7 and the lower adjustment plate 9 will move along the axis of the liquid inlet pipe 4 toward the direction close to the lower coil group 11. At this time, the reset spring 29 is compressed until the upper adjustment plate 7 leaves the liquid inlet pipe 4 and enters the middle shell 2. Since there is a flow channel between the upper adjustment plate 7 and the middle shell 2, the drilling fluid can flow to the liquid outlet pipe 13 through the flow channel and the middle shell 2. Afterwards, the lower adjusting shaft 10 and the lower adjusting plate 9 are controlled to rotate by the lower coil group 11, so that the upper through hole 14 and the lower through hole 15 are completely overlapped, so that the opening between the upper through hole 14 and the lower through hole 15 reaches the maximum, and under the elastic force of the reset spring 29, the upper adjusting plate 7 and the lower adjusting plate 9 will move upward into the liquid inlet pipe 4 until they return to the initial position, and then the lower adjusting plate 9 is controlled to rotate by the lower coil group 11, so that the drilling fluid cannot pass between the upper through hole 14 and the lower through hole 15, and this is repeated continuously to achieve the goal of generating a larger pulse of the drilling fluid.

[0074] In summary, the drilling fluid first flows in from the liquid inlet pipe 4, and the flow rate can be controlled by changing the relative positions of the upper through hole 14 and the lower through hole 15, thereby adjusting the flow rate and on-off of the drilling fluid and generating pulse signals of different intensities.

[0075] When the pulse intensity needs to be adjusted, the controller controls the lower coil group 11 to generate a magnetic field, and drives the lower adjustment shaft 10 and the lower adjustment plate 9 to rotate through the lower magnetic coupling structure, thereby changing the overlapping area of ​​the upper through hole 14 and the lower through hole 15, thereby increasing or decreasing the drilling fluid flow.

[0076] When the pulse intensity generated by the conventional method is insufficient, the controller will first close the connection between the upper through hole 14 and the lower through hole 15, and then use the pressure of the drilling fluid to move the upper adjustment plate 7 downward, temporarily release the drilling fluid, and then restore the overlap of the upper and lower through holes 15, and use the elastic force of the return spring 29 to return the upper adjustment plate 7 to its original position, and open and close the through holes again to achieve a stronger pulse effect.

[0077] In addition, through the cooperation of the upper coil group 6 and the lower coil group 11, the angle of the upper adjustment plate 7 and the lower adjustment plate 9 and the relative position therebetween can be accurately controlled, thereby finely adjusting the overlapping area of ​​the upper through hole 14 and the lower through hole 15 to achieve continuous and intermittent control of the drilling fluid flow rate and meet the pulse requirements of different intensities and frequencies.

[0078] The structure of this pulse generator is compact and highly adaptable. It adopts a split shell structure, which is easy to disassemble and maintain. It can complete complex functional operations in the limited space underground, adapt to the deep well operation environment, and has an adaptive compensation function. The design equipped with a reset spring 29 allows the upper adjustment plate 7 and the lower adjustment plate 9 to automatically reset under extreme conditions, such as when the drilling fluid circulation state needs to be greatly changed, to maintain the normal operation of the equipment. It has a high degree of intelligence. The entire system is electrically connected to the controller to achieve automatic control, reduce the difficulty and error of manual operation, help improve work efficiency and reduce failure rate, can adapt to complex underground working conditions, and effectively solve the problem of underground signal transmission difficulties during oil drilling. It is conducive to real-time monitoring and control of underground conditions, and ensures the safety and efficiency of drilling operations.

[0079] Example 2

[0080] This embodiment further optimizes the structure of the pulse generator based on the embodiment 1.

[0081] like Figure 1-4 As shown in FIGS. 6-7 and 16-17, a symmetrical slide groove 17 and a plurality of slip rings 18 are separately arranged on the inner wall of the liquid inlet pipe 4 at the lower end of the upper bracket 5. The symmetrical slide groove 17 penetrates the liquid inlet pipe 4 downward along the axis direction of the liquid inlet pipe 4. The plurality of slip rings 18 are evenly distributed along the axis direction of the liquid inlet pipe 4. The slip rings 18 intersect the slide groove 17 vertically, and the diameter of the slip rings 18 is the same as the spacing between the slide grooves 17. Blocks 19 corresponding to the slide grooves 17 are symmetrically fixed on the circumferential side surface of the upper adjustment plate 7. The block 19 is slidably connected with the slide groove 17 and the slip ring 18, that is, when the block 19 is in the slide groove 17, the block 19 can slide up and down in the slide groove 17; when the block 19 is in the slip ring 18, the block 19 can rotate in the slip ring 18.

[0082] It should be noted that the number of the slide grooves 17 can be 2, and the number of the slip rings 18 can be 2, 4, 6, 9, etc., which can be set accordingly according to actual control requirements.

[0083] The upper adjustment plate 7 cooperates with the chute 17 and the slip ring 18 respectively through the clamping block 19, and can constitute a sliding mechanism and a locking mechanism. Specifically, when it is necessary to lock the upper adjustment plate 7 and prevent it from sliding along the axis of the liquid inlet pipe 4, the upper coil assembly 6 can drive the clamping block 19 to rotate through the upper adjustment shaft 8 and the upper adjustment plate 7, and the clamping block 19 will be embedded from the chute 17 into the slip ring 18 to achieve the locking of the upper adjustment plate 7. Conversely, if the upper adjustment plate 7 is to slide freely along the axis of the liquid inlet pipe 4, the upper coil assembly 6 can drive the clamping block 19 to rotate in the opposite direction through the upper adjustment shaft 8 and the upper adjustment plate 7, and the clamping block 19 will enter the chute 17 from the slip ring 18 to release the locking of the upper adjustment plate 7.

[0084] In this embodiment, the sliding mechanism and the locking mechanism formed by the block 19 respectively cooperating with the slide groove 17 and the slip ring 18 are conducive to further improving the accuracy, stability and reliability of the drilling fluid pulse control.

[0085] Example 3

[0086] This embodiment further optimizes the structures of the upper coil assembly 6 and the lower coil assembly 11 based on the embodiment 1 or the embodiment 2.

[0087] like Figure 1-5 As shown in , 11-12, and 15-18, an upper impeller 20 is rotatably connected to the stator of the upper coil group 6, and a lower impeller 21 is rotatably connected to the stator of the lower coil group 11. The upper impeller 20 and the lower impeller 21 can be respectively installed on the stator through bearings. A plurality of first magnets 28 are fixed on the upper impeller 20 and the lower impeller 21. The first magnets 28 on the upper impeller 20 are evenly distributed around the axis of the upper impeller 20, and the first magnets 28 on the lower impeller 21 are evenly distributed around the axis of the lower impeller 21. The first magnets 28 on the upper impeller 20 cooperate with the coils on the upper coil group 6 to form a first electromagnetic power generation structure, and the first magnets 28 on the lower impeller 21 cooperate with the coils on the lower coil group 11 to form a second electromagnetic power generation structure. Both the first electromagnetic power generation structure and the second electromagnetic power generation structure are used to power the controller to ensure that the signal can be transmitted stably and reliably.

[0088] Specifically, the upper impeller 20 and the lower impeller 21 both have a through hole, an inner annular surface and an outer annular surface. The upper impeller 20 is rotatably mounted on the upper coil group 6 through the through hole, and the lower impeller 21 is rotatably mounted on the lower coil group 11 through the through hole. The first magnets 28 on the upper impeller 20 are evenly fixed on the inner annular surface and the outer annular surface, respectively, and the first magnets 28 on the lower impeller 21 are evenly fixed on the inner annular surface and the outer annular surface, respectively.

[0089] When the drilling fluid flows downward through the liquid inlet pipe 4, the drilling fluid will push the upper impeller 20 and the lower impeller 21 to rotate. When the upper impeller 20 and the lower impeller 21 rotate, the first magnet 28 connected thereto will be driven to rotate. The magnetic field generated by the rotation of the first magnet 28 will generate electromagnetic induction with the inner coil 26 and the outer coil 27 on the stator, thereby generating electrical energy to power the controller.

[0090] It should be noted that when the drilling fluid flows downward, it will impact the upper impeller 20 and the lower impeller 21 and make them rotate, and then the first magnet 28 and the coil on the stator can cooperate to generate electrical energy. This embodiment uses the power of the fluid flow to convert into electrical energy to power the controller, which is conducive to saving energy consumption.

[0091] According to a preferred implementation of this embodiment, Figure 1-4 As shown, a lower induction coil 25 electrically connected to the controller is fixed between the lower housing 3 and the liquid outlet pipe 13. The lower induction coil 25 is located around the lower impeller 21, and the lower induction coil 25 cooperates with the first magnet 28 on the lower impeller 21 to form a third electromagnetic power generation structure. The third electromagnetic power generation structure is also used to power the controller, and its power generation principle is the same as that of the first and second electromagnetic power generation structures, which will not be described in detail.

[0092] This embodiment, through the cooperation of the first electromagnetic power generation structure, the second electromagnetic power generation structure and the third electromagnetic power generation structure, can not only ensure the adequacy of the power supply to the controller, but also achieve the purpose of energy saving and self-power supply.

[0093] Example 4

[0094] This embodiment further optimizes the signal transmission method of the pulse generator based on any one of Embodiments 1-3.

[0095] like Figure 1-4 As shown in 14-15, an upper induction coil 16 is fixed between the upper shell 1 and the liquid inlet pipe 4, and the upper induction coil 16 is electrically connected to the controller, and the upper end of the upper induction coil 16 is located on the upper side of the upper bracket 5, and the lower end of the upper induction coil 16 is located on the lower side of the liquid inlet pipe 4; a plurality of third magnets 31 are fixedly connected to the circumferential side of the lower adjustment plate 9, and the plurality of third magnets 31 are evenly distributed around the axis of the lower adjustment plate 9. When the lower adjustment plate 9 rotates, the third magnets 31 can cooperate with the upper induction coil 16 to form an electromagnetic induction structure.

[0096] When it is necessary to transmit a signal through the electromagnetic induction junction, when the lower adjustment plate 9 drives the third magnet 31 to rotate, the magnetic field on the third magnet 31 will generate electromagnetic induction with the upper induction coil 16, and then transmit the signal to the upper shell 1 and the drill pipe through electromagnetic induction, and then transmit the signal to the ground receiving equipment through the drill pipe, thereby realizing communication between the underground and the ground.

[0097] In actual applications, information is usually transmitted by adjusting the drilling fluid flow to generate pulses. However, when the drilling fluid pulses are not sufficient to transmit signals, the electromagnetic induction structure of this embodiment can be used to directly send electromagnetic signals to the outside, which not only improves the effectiveness and reliability of information transmission, but also can flexibly and accurately adjust the drilling fluid flow and generate pulse signals of different intensities and modes, ensuring that information can be effectively transmitted to the ground control system under various working conditions.

[0098] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention. Any feature disclosed in this specification, unless otherwise stated, can be replaced by other alternative features that are equivalent or have similar purposes; all the disclosed features, or all the steps in the methods or processes, except for mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any way.

Claims

1. A magnetic coupling type oil drilling pulse generator, characterized in that: It comprises an upper shell (1), a middle shell (2) and a lower shell (3) which are threadedly fixed in sequence from top to bottom; wherein: A liquid outlet pipe (13) is fixed inside the lower housing (3), a lower bracket (12) is fixed to the upper portion of the inner wall of the liquid outlet pipe (13), and a lower coil assembly (11) is fixed above the lower bracket (12); A controller and a liquid inlet pipe (4) are fixed in the upper shell (1), an upper bracket (5) is fixed in the liquid inlet pipe (4), an upper coil group (6) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the upper bracket (5), the upper coil group (6) and the lower coil group (11) are both electrically connected to the controller, a movable upper adjustment plate (7) is provided below the upper coil group (6), a plurality of upper through holes (14) are provided on the upper adjustment plate (7), and the plurality of upper through holes (14) are evenly distributed around the axis of the upper adjustment plate (7); an upper adjustment shaft (8) is fixed in the middle of the upper adjustment plate (7), the upper adjustment shaft (8) moves upward along the axis of the upper adjustment plate (7) to penetrate the upper coil group (6) and the upper bracket (5), and then extends to the top of the upper bracket (5); a lower adjustment plate (9) is provided below the upper adjustment plate (7), a plurality of lower through holes (15) corresponding to the upper through holes (14) are provided on the lower adjustment plate (9), and the middle of the lower adjustment plate (9) is fixed A lower adjustment shaft (10) is provided which moves downward and passes through the lower coil group (11) and the lower bracket (12); a return spring (29) is provided between the lower adjustment plate (9) and the lower coil group (11); the return spring (29) is sleeved on the lower adjustment shaft (10); the lower adjustment plate (9) abuts against the upper adjustment plate (7) under the action of the return spring (29); a plurality of second magnets (30) are fixed on both the upper adjustment shaft (8) and the lower adjustment shaft (10); the upper coil group (6) cooperates with the second magnets (30) on the upper adjustment shaft (8) to form an upper magnetic coupling structure for controlling the rotation of the upper adjustment plate (7); the lower coil group (11) cooperates with the second magnets (30) on the lower adjustment shaft (10) to form a lower magnetic coupling structure for controlling the rotation of the lower adjustment plate (9); the upper magnetic coupling structure cooperates with the lower magnetic coupling structure to adjust the overlap area between the upper through hole (14) and the lower through hole (15).

2. A magnetic coupling type oil drilling pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: A symmetrical slide groove (17) and a plurality of slip rings (18) are separately provided on the inner wall of the liquid inlet pipe (4) at the lower end of the upper bracket (5); the slide groove (17) penetrates the liquid inlet pipe (4) downward along the axial direction of the liquid inlet pipe (4); the plurality of slip rings (18) are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the liquid inlet pipe (4), and the slip rings (18) intersect the slide groove (17) vertically; and a clamping block (19) corresponding to the slide groove (17) is symmetrically fixed on the circumferential side surface of the upper adjustment plate (7); the clamping block (19) is slidably connected to the slide groove (17) and the slip ring (18) respectively.

3. A magnetic coupling type oil drilling pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper coil group (6) and the lower coil group (11) both comprise a stator and a coil, the coil comprising an inner coil (26) fixed to the inner side of the stator and an outer coil (27) fixed to the outer side of the stator, the stator of the upper coil group (6) being fixed to the upper bracket (5), the upper adjustment shaft (8) penetrating the stator of the upper coil group (6), the upper coil group (6) cooperating with the second magnet (30) on the upper adjustment shaft (8) to form an upper magnetic coupling structure through the stator and the coil; the stator of the lower coil group (11) being fixed to the lower bracket (12), the lower adjustment shaft (10) penetrating the stator of the lower coil group (11), the lower coil group (11) cooperating with the second magnet (30) on the lower adjustment shaft (10) to form an upper magnetic coupling structure through the stator and the coil.

4. A magnetic coupling type oil drilling pulse generator according to claim 3, characterized in that: An upper impeller (20) is rotatably connected to the stator of the upper coil group (6), and a lower impeller (21) is rotatably connected to the stator of the lower coil group (11). A plurality of first magnets (28) are fixed to both the upper impeller (20) and the lower impeller (21); the first magnets (28) on the upper impeller (20) cooperate with the coils on the upper coil group (6) to form a first electromagnetic power generation structure, and the first magnets (28) on the lower impeller (21) cooperate with the coils on the lower coil group (11) to form a second electromagnetic power generation structure.

5. A magnetic coupling type oil drilling pulse generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper impeller (20) and the lower impeller (21) both have a through hole, an inner annular surface and an outer annular surface; the upper impeller (20) is rotatably sleeved on the upper coil assembly (6) through the through hole; the lower impeller (21) is rotatably sleeved on the lower coil assembly (11) through the through hole; the first magnets (28) on the upper impeller (20) are respectively evenly fixed on the inner annular surface and the outer annular surface; and the first magnets (28) on the lower impeller (21) are respectively evenly fixed on the inner annular surface and the outer annular surface.

6. A magnetic coupling type oil drilling pulse generator according to claim 4, characterized in that: A lower induction coil (25) electrically connected to the controller is fixed between the lower housing (3) and the liquid outlet pipe (13); the lower induction coil (25) is located around the lower impeller (21); and the lower induction coil (25) cooperates with the first magnet (28) on the lower impeller (21) to form a third electromagnetic power generation structure.

7. A magnetic coupling type oil drilling pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper clamping ring (22) and a lower clamping ring (23) are respectively fixed to the opposite ends of the lower adjustment plate (9) and the lower coil assembly (11), and a rotatable flexible protective sleeve (24) is connected between the upper clamping ring (22) and the lower clamping ring (23).

8. The magnetic coupling type oil drilling pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower ends of the middle shell (2) are respectively fixed in the upper shell (1) and the lower shell (3) by means of inclined threads, and the inner diameter of the liquid inlet pipe (4) is the same as the inner diameter of the liquid outlet pipe (13), and the inner diameter of the middle shell (2) is larger than the inner diameter of the liquid inlet pipe (4).

9. A magnetic coupling type oil drilling pulse generator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: An upper induction coil (16) is fixed between the upper shell (1) and the liquid inlet pipe (4), and the upper induction coil (16) is electrically connected to the controller; a plurality of third magnets (31) are fixedly connected to the circumferential side surface of the lower adjustment plate (9), and the plurality of third magnets (31) are evenly distributed around the axis of the lower adjustment plate (9); when the lower adjustment plate (9) rotates, the third magnets (31) cooperate with the upper induction coil (16) to form an electromagnetic induction structure.

10. A magnetic coupling type oil drilling pulse generator according to claim 9, characterized in that: The upper end of the upper induction coil (16) is located on the upper side of the upper bracket (5), and the lower end of the upper induction coil (16) is located on the lower side of the liquid inlet pipe (4).

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