Photovoltaic module back sheet peeling device and method

Abstract

The present application provides a photovoltaic module backplane stripping device and method, wherein the photovoltaic module includes a stacked battery layer and a backplane wrapped with EVA glue, and the device includes a first device for scraping off the battery layer on the surface of the backplane, and a second device for removing the EVA glue on the surface of the backplane. The battery layer of the photovoltaic module is physically scraped off by the first device to obtain a first component; then the first component is placed in a glue removal solution to remove the EVA glue remaining on the surface of the first component, so as to obtain the backplane; the glue removal solution is a mixed solution of sodium bicarbonate solution and ethanol. This backplane stripping device and method does not produce harmful gases or waste liquids, can strip off a complete fluorine-containing backplane without affecting the subsequent battery cell recycling, and can produce more economic benefits while being green, energy-saving and environmentally friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solar cell recycling and processing, and in particular to a photovoltaic module back panel peeling device and method. Background Art

[0002] With the widespread application of solar cells, recycling new energy materials and green reuse have become urgent problems that need to be solved. In the prior art, the processing method and process for scrapped single-glass photovoltaic modules is to use a physical frame removal machine to remove the photovoltaic panel frame, remove the junction box manually, and then use a physical de-glassing machine to physically peel off the photovoltaic glass, and then use the pyrolysis method to remove the EVA glue and the fluorine-containing backboard, and recycle the silver-containing silicon wafers and solder strips. In the method of using pyrolysis to recycle silver-containing silicon wafers and solder strips, the temperature will exceed 600 degrees during the pyrolysis process, and the fluorine-containing backboard will release a large amount of harmful gases. Not only is the environmental pressure huge, but also the economic benefits are greatly reduced due to the pyrolysis loss of the fluorine-containing backboard. Summary of the invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: The present application provides a photovoltaic module backplane stripping device and method, which can completely strip the fluorine-containing backplane from the photovoltaic module. The stripping process is free of waste liquid and waste gas pollution and is green and environmentally friendly.

[0004] Technical solution: The present application discloses a photovoltaic module back sheet peeling device, the photovoltaic module comprises a stacked battery sheet layer wrapped with EVA glue and a back sheet, the back sheet peeling device comprises a first device for scraping off the battery sheet layer on the back sheet surface, the specific structure of the first device comprises a fixed power wheel group and an elastic pressure wheel group, the fixed power wheel group and the elastic pressure wheel group are arranged opposite to each other to press the photovoltaic module and drive the photovoltaic module to move;

[0005] It also includes a first scraper module and a second scraper module for scraping the battery sheet layer, wherein the scraping directions of the first scraper module and the second scraper module are opposite;

[0006] It also includes a first infrared sensor and a second infrared sensor for collecting position information of photovoltaic components. The first infrared sensor and the second infrared sensor are arranged at intervals and are both located between the first scraper module and the second scraper module.

[0007] Furthermore, the first scraper module includes a first top pressure wheel and a first scraper that are relatively arranged and can be lifted and lowered, and the second scraper module includes a second top pressure wheel and a second scraper that are relatively arranged and can be lifted and lowered, and the first top pressure wheel and the second top pressure wheel are both arranged in the elastic pressure wheel group, and the first scraper and the second scraper are both arranged in the fixed power wheel group.

[0008] Furthermore, the fixed power wheel set includes a plurality of fixed power wheels, which are grouped into a first power wheel set, a second power wheel set and a third power wheel set, and adjacent fixed power wheels are transmission-connected to each other. The fixed power wheel set also includes a power wheel drive motor, and the power wheel drive motor is transmission-connected to the fixed power wheel.

[0009] The first scraper is arranged at the gap between the first power wheel set and the second power wheel set, and the second scraper is arranged at the gap between the second power wheel set and the third power wheel set.

[0010] Furthermore, the elastic pressure wheel group includes a plurality of elastic pressure wheels, which are grouped into a first pressure wheel group, a second pressure wheel group, and a third pressure wheel group, and adjacent elastic pressure wheels are transmission-connected to each other. The elastic pressure wheel group also includes an elastic pressure wheel drive motor, and the elastic pressure wheel drive motor is transmission-connected to the elastic pressure wheel through a coupling.

[0011] The first pressing wheel is arranged at the gap between the first pressing wheel group and the second pressing wheel group, and the second pressing wheel is arranged at the gap between the second pressing wheel group and the third pressing wheel group.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a second device for removing EVA glue from the back panel surface, the second device includes a reaction tank, the reaction tank includes a temperature control device, the reaction tank contains a degumming solution for soaking the back panel after the battery layer is scraped off by the first device, and the degumming solution is a mixed solution of sodium bicarbonate solution and ethanol.

[0013] The present application also discloses a photovoltaic module back sheet peeling method, which is applied to the photovoltaic module back sheet peeling device. The specific method includes:

[0014] Physically scraping off the cell layer of the photovoltaic module to obtain a first module;

[0015] Placing the first component in a degumming solution to remove the EVA glue remaining on the surface of the first component to obtain a backplane;

[0016] The degumming solution is a mixed solution of sodium bicarbonate solution and ethanol.

[0017] Furthermore, the specific steps of physically scraping off the cell layer of the photovoltaic module to obtain the first module are as follows:

[0018] Step S1, sending the cell layer of the photovoltaic module toward one side of the fixed power wheel group into between the fixed power wheel group and the elastic pressure wheel group, and the photovoltaic module moves along the first direction between the fixed power wheel group and the elastic pressure wheel group;

[0019] Step S2, the photovoltaic assembly moves along the first direction to sequentially block the first infrared sensor and the second infrared sensor. When both the first infrared sensor and the second infrared sensor are blocked, the first pressing wheel pushes out and squeezes the photovoltaic assembly to bend toward the first scraper. As the photovoltaic assembly moves, the first scraper scrapes off part of the cell layer.

[0020] Step S3, as the photovoltaic assembly moves along the first direction, when the first infrared sensor resumes normal docking, the first pressing wheel is retracted to the starting position, the photovoltaic assembly moves along the second direction between the fixed power wheel group and the elastic pressing wheel group, the second pressing wheel pushes out and squeezes the photovoltaic assembly to bend toward the second scraper, and the second scraper scrapes the remaining battery sheet layer, and the second direction is opposite to the first direction;

[0021] Step S4, as the photovoltaic assembly moves along the second direction, the second infrared sensor and the first infrared sensor resume normal docking in sequence, and when the second infrared sensor resumes normal docking, the second pressing wheel retracts to the starting position;

[0022] Step S5, the photovoltaic assembly completes the scraping of the cell layer, and the obtained first assembly moves along the second direction until it is discharged.

[0023] Furthermore, in the step of soaking the first component in a degumming solution, the soaking time of the first component in the degumming solution is not less than 100 minutes, and the temperature of the degumming solution is maintained at 60° C. to 75° C. during the soaking process.

[0024] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the sodium bicarbonate solution to the ethanol in the degumming solution is 1:3 to 1:9.

[0025] Furthermore, the pH value of the degumming solution is 8.0-8.3.

[0026] Furthermore, during the soaking of the first component in the degumming solution, the degumming solution is subjected to ultrasonic treatment, and the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 30-100 MHz.

[0027] Beneficial effects: The present application provides a photovoltaic module backplane stripping device. The first device can automatically achieve the physical scraping of the battery layer on the surface of the photovoltaic module backplane, and the second device can use a mixed solution of sodium bicarbonate solution and ethanol to remove the EVA glue remaining on the backplane surface. The backplane stripping device can obtain a complete backplane structure and thus generate more economic benefits without affecting the subsequent purification and recovery of the battery cells. At the same time, the mixed solution used in the process does not contain strong acids or strong alkalis, and does not generate waste gas or wastewater. The recycling process is green and environmentally friendly. The present application also provides a photovoltaic module backplane stripping method. In a heated environment, the alkaline properties of the sodium bicarbonate solution are combined with ethanol to denature and fall off the EVA glue remaining on the backplane. The materials used in the process are cheap and environmentally friendly, and the energy consumption used to maintain the required temperature is much lower than that required for traditional pyrolysis. It has no reaction with the battery cells and backplane materials, which greatly increases the value of the recycled materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the implementation methods will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some implementation methods of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first device in the photovoltaic module back sheet peeling device of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the photovoltaic module when feeding into the photovoltaic module back sheet stripping device of this application;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the photovoltaic module when the first partial scraping is started in the photovoltaic module back sheet stripping device of this application;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the photovoltaic module during the first partial scraping in the photovoltaic module back sheet stripping device of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the photovoltaic module at the end of the first partial scraping in the photovoltaic module back sheet stripping device of the present application;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the position of the photovoltaic module when the second residual scraping is started in the photovoltaic module back sheet stripping device of this application;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a position distribution diagram of the first power wheel group, the second power wheel group, and the third power wheel group of the first device in the photovoltaic module backsheet peeling device of the present application;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed power wheel and the elastic pressure wheel of the first device in the photovoltaic module back sheet peeling device of the present application;

[0037] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first scraper module of the first device in the photovoltaic module back sheet peeling device of the present application;

[0038] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second device in the photovoltaic module back sheet peeling device of the present application;

[0039] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the process of the photovoltaic module back panel peeling method of this application.

[0040] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1. first top pressure wheel; 2. battery cell layer; 3. back plate; 4. second top pressure wheel; 5. first infrared sensor; 6. second infrared sensor; 7. first scraper; 8. second scraper; 9. elastic pressure wheel group; 10. fixed power wheel group; 11. protective layer; 12. thermal insulation layer; 13. heating device; 14. degumming solution; 15. feeding port; 16. detection module; 17. upper computer; 18. first power wheel group; 19. second power wheel group; 20. third power wheel group; 21. transmission belt; 22. hanging basket; 23. first driving shaft; 24. power wheel driving motor; 25. power wheel bracket; 26. power wheel; 27. substrate; 28. spring; 29. ​​pressure wheel; 30. second driving shaft; 31. coupling; 32. elastic pressure wheel driving motor; 33. top pressure cylinder; 34. roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0042] It should be noted that the serial terms such as [first], [second], [third], [fourth], etc. mentioned in this application do not represent any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different parts. The directional terms such as [upper], [lower], [left], [right], etc. mentioned in this application are only for reference to the directions of the attached drawings. Therefore, the serial terms, directional terms and positional relationship terms used are used to illustrate and understand this application, rather than to limit this application. In the drawings, units with similar structures are represented by the same reference numerals.

[0043] With the widespread application of solar cells, recycling new energy materials and green reuse have become urgent problems to be solved. In the prior art, after removing the frame and photovoltaic glass, the photovoltaic module includes a cell layer 2 and a back sheet 3 wrapped with EVA glue. During the pyrolysis process of the existing pyrolysis method, the temperature will exceed 600 degrees, and the fluorine-containing back sheet will release a large amount of harmful gases, which not only puts huge pressure on the environment, but also greatly reduces the economic benefits due to the pyrolysis loss of the fluorine-containing back sheet. Therefore, how to efficiently and greenly separate the cell layer 2 and the complete back sheet 3 is a problem that needs to be solved.

[0044] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a photovoltaic module backsheet peeling device and method to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0045] This embodiment provides a photovoltaic module backplane peeling device, including a first device for scraping off the solar cell layer 2 on the surface of the backplane 3 and a second device for removing the EVA glue on the surface of the backplane.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the specific structure of the first device includes a fixed power wheel group 10 and an elastic pressure wheel group 9, the fixed power wheel group 10 and the elastic pressure wheel group 9 are arranged opposite to each other for pressing the photovoltaic module, the fixed power wheel group 10 includes a plurality of fixed power wheels located in the same plane, and the elastic pressure wheel group 9 includes a plurality of elastic pressure wheels; the first device also includes a first scraper module and a second scraper module for scraping off the battery layer 2, the first scraper module includes a first top pressure wheel 1 and a first scraper 7 that are relatively arranged and can be lifted, the second scraper module includes a second top pressure wheel 4 and a second scraper 8 that are relatively arranged and can be lifted, the first top pressure wheel 1 and the second top pressure wheel 4 are both arranged in the elastic pressure wheel group 9, and the first scraper 7 and the second scraper 8 are both arranged in the fixed power wheel group 10. Taking advantage of the soft and deformable characteristics of the backplane itself, when the photovoltaic module is located between the top pressure wheel and the scraper, the top pressure wheel pushes out and squeezes the backplane to cause deformation, so that the photovoltaic module fits the scraper. At this time, when the fixed power wheel group 10 pushes the photovoltaic module to move, it is beneficial to scrape off the battery layer 2 on the backplane 3 more thoroughly.

[0047] In this embodiment, the fixed power wheel group 10 includes a plurality of fixed power wheels grouped to form a first power wheel group 18, a second power wheel group 19 and a third power wheel group 20, and each power wheel group has at least two fixed power wheels. Figure 7 As shown, the first scraper 7 is arranged at the gap between the first power wheel group 18 and the second power wheel group 19, and the second scraper 8 is arranged at the gap between the second power wheel group 19 and the third power wheel group 20. Each fixed power wheel includes a power wheel bracket 25, on which a rotatable power wheel 26 is mounted, and adjacent power wheels 26 are connected by a transmission belt 21, as shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown, the transmission belt can drive the adjacent power wheels 26 to rotate in the same direction and speed, such as Figure 7 As shown, a power wheel 26 is provided in each power wheel group and is transmission-connected to the power wheel drive motor 24, and the first drive shaft 23 of the power wheel 26 is transmission-connected to the power output shaft of the power wheel drive motor 24;

[0048] In this embodiment, the elastic pressure wheel group 9 includes a plurality of elastic pressure wheels grouped into a first pressure wheel group, a second pressure wheel group, and a third pressure wheel group, and each pressure wheel group is not less than 2 groups of elastic pressure wheels, each elastic pressure wheel is arranged corresponding to a fixed power wheel, the first top pressure wheel 1 is arranged at the gap between the first pressure wheel group and the second pressure wheel group, and the second top pressure wheel 4 is arranged at the gap between the second pressure wheel group and the third pressure wheel group. Each elastic pressure wheel includes a base plate 27, a spring 28 is arranged on the upper side of the base plate 27, and a rotatable pressure wheel 29 is arranged on the lower side of the base plate 27, and the pressure wheel 29 is connected to the base plate 27 through a bracket, such as Figure 8 As shown, when the spring 28 of the elastic pressure wheel is in a normal non-compressed state, the gap between the pressure wheel 29 and the power wheel 26 is smaller than the thickness of the back plate 3. When the photovoltaic module is located between the pressure wheel 29 and the power wheel 26, the spring 28 is in a compressed state, which is used to apply pressure to the photovoltaic module and compact it. Adjacent pressure wheels 29 are also connected by a transmission belt, which can drive adjacent pressure wheels 29 to rotate in the same direction and speed. At the same time, the transmission belt itself is elastic and can adapt to the change in the distance between the central axes when the adjacent pressure wheels 29 are displaced, and still transmit stably. A pressure wheel 29 is provided in each pressure wheel group and is connected to the elastic pressure wheel driving motor. The second driving shaft 30 of the pressure wheel 29 is connected to the power output shaft of the elastic pressure wheel driving motor 32 through a coupling 31. Since the position of the elastic pressure wheel driving motor 32 is fixed, and the position of the pressure wheel 29 will change in the vertical direction with the movement of the photovoltaic module, the coupling 31 uses a flexible coupling such as a flexible tire coupling to adapt to the displacement between the output shaft end of the elastic pressure wheel driving motor 32 and the end of the second driving shaft 30.

[0049] In this embodiment, the power wheel drive motor 24 and the elastic pressure wheel drive motor 32 are connected to the host computer 17 via a data line. The rotation speed and rotation direction of the power wheel drive motor 24 and the elastic pressure wheel drive motor 32 are synchronously controlled by the signal sent by the host computer 17, thereby controlling the moving direction and moving speed of the photovoltaic component.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first pressing wheel 1 in the first scraper module includes a freely rotatable roller 34, and both ends of the rotating shaft of the roller 34 are respectively connected to the piston ends of the pressing cylinder 33. Fig. 9As shown, the first scraper 7 is arranged below the roller 34, the top pressure cylinder 33 can adopt a pneumatic cylinder or an oil cylinder with a stroke greater than 5 cm, and the second scraper module has the same structure as the first scraper module, the only difference is that the blade directions of the first scraper 7 and the second scraper 8 are opposite, and it is used to scrape the battery layer 2 when the photovoltaic module moves in different directions.

[0051] In this embodiment, a first infrared sensor 5 and a second infrared sensor 6 for collecting the position information of the photovoltaic module are also included. The first infrared sensor 5 and the second infrared sensor 6 are arranged at intervals and are both located between the first scraper module and the second scraper module. The first infrared sensor 5 and the second infrared sensor 6 are both located between the first scraper module and the second scraper module, providing a hardware basis for the first device to automatically scrape the cell layer 2 on the back plate 3.

[0052] It ensures that during the working process, when the first infrared sensor 5 and the second infrared sensor 6 are both blocked, when the first top pressure wheel 1 squeezes the photovoltaic component for the first partial scraping, due to the gap between the first infrared sensor 5 and the second infrared sensor 6, when cutting occurs, part of the photovoltaic component must be in a compressed state, so that the photovoltaic component can move stably during the cutting process to complete the first partial scraping; similarly, when the photovoltaic component is sent back for the second remaining scraping, there is a gap between the first infrared sensor 5 and the second infrared sensor 6, which can also compress the part of the photovoltaic component that has been scraped.

[0053] The first infrared sensor 5 and the second infrared sensor 6 are located between the first scraper module and the second scraper module, which ensures that when the photovoltaic component is separated from the first infrared sensor 5 and the first partial scraping is completed, the photovoltaic component has been separated from the first scraper module; or when the photovoltaic component is separated from the second infrared sensor 6 and the second remaining scraping is completed, the photovoltaic component has been separated from the second scraper module.

[0054] Furthermore, the first infrared sensor 5 and the second infrared sensor 6 are both connected to the host computer 17 via a data line, and the controller of the first pressing wheel 1 and the controller of the second pressing wheel 4 are both connected to the host computer 17 via a data line. The host computer 17 is used to receive the data signal collected by the first infrared sensor 5 and the second infrared sensor 6, and the host computer 17 can also send control signals to the controller of the first pressing wheel 1, the controller of the second pressing wheel 4, the power wheel drive motor 24, and the elastic pressing wheel drive motor 32, respectively, to control their working states.

[0055] Since the photovoltaic module may be uneven or damaged, the first device cannot completely and accurately scrape off all the battery cell layers 2. Therefore, it is necessary to process the back plate 3 after scraping off the battery cell layers 2 to remove the excess EVA glue on its surface and even the adhered battery cells. Fig.10As shown, the specific structure of the second device includes a reaction tank, which includes an outermost insulation layer 12 and an innermost protective layer 11. A heating device 13 for heating the degumming solution 14 in the protective layer 11 is arranged between the insulation layer 12 and the protective layer 11. In this embodiment, the insulation layer 12 is made of a foam material with heat resistance and heat insulation characteristics such as polyurethane, the heating device 13 is a heating device such as a heating resistor, and the protective layer 11 is made of corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel.

[0056] In this embodiment, the second device also includes a feed port 15 for adding sodium bicarbonate or ethanol to the reaction tank, and also includes a detection module 16 for collecting the temperature and pH value of the degumming solution 14 in the reaction tank. The element used to collect the temperature data of the degumming solution 14 in the detection module 16 is a Pt100 thermal resistor temperature sensor, and the device used to collect the pH value data of the degumming solution 14 in the detection module 16 is a pH acidity tester. The instruments included in the detection module 16 are all connected to the host computer 17 through a data line, and are used to feed back the collected data to the host computer 17.

[0057] In this embodiment, the second device further includes a hanging basket 22, which is made of stainless steel and has hollow side walls. The hanging basket 22 is used to hold the back plate 3 after the battery sheet layer 2 is scraped off. The hanging basket 22 is connected to the lifting device, and driven by the lifting device, it can be completely immersed in the degumming solution 14, or completely removed from the degumming solution 14. The hanging basket 22 can achieve vertical oscillation driven by the lowering device, which is conducive to the removal of residual EVA glue on the back plate surface.

[0058] In this embodiment, the second device also includes an air collecting hood provided above the reaction tank and powered by a fan, the air outlet of the air collecting hood is connected to the feed port of the condenser, the discharge port of the condenser is connected to the feed port of the ethanol distiller, the discharge port of the ethanol distiller is connected to one end of the reflux pipe, and the other end of the reflux pipe is connected to the feed port of the reaction tank. Due to the continuous heating in the reaction tank, the ethanol and water in the reaction tank evaporate at a faster rate. Therefore, the negative pressure recovery of the air collecting hood is used to obtain a low-concentration ethanol solution after condensation by the condenser, and the high-concentration ethanol solution is obtained after further distillation by the ethanol distiller and flows out from the discharge port of the ethanol distiller, and is added to the degumming solution 14 through the feed port 15, which ensures the safety of the surrounding environment and reduces the consumption of ethanol.

[0059] In this embodiment, the second device also includes an ultrasonic oscillation device. When the back panel 3 after scraping off the battery cell layer 2 is immersed in the degumming solution 14, the degumming solution 14 is subjected to a 30-100 MHz oscillation treatment through the ultrasonic oscillation device, which can accelerate the infiltration speed of ethanol into the gap between the EVA glue and the back panel, and accelerate the EVA glue to detach from the back panel.

[0060] In this embodiment, the ultrasonic oscillator is connected to the host computer 17, and the host computer 17 is used to send a control signal to the ultrasonic oscillator to control the switch state of the controller.

[0061] The host computer 17 can perform data comparison, receive collected data and issue control instructions, and can adopt PLC modules, microcomputers and other devices with data processing capabilities.

[0062] This embodiment also provides a method for peeling off a photovoltaic module back sheet. Fig.11 As shown, the specific process is as follows:

[0063] Step 1, physically scraping off the cell layer 2 of the photovoltaic module to obtain a first module;

[0064] Step 2: placing the first component into a degumming solution 14 to remove the EVA glue remaining on the surface of the first component; the degumming solution 14 is a mixed solution of sodium bicarbonate solution and ethanol.

[0065] Step 3, cleaning the solution on the surface of the back plate 3.

[0066] In this embodiment, the specific steps of physically scraping off the cell layer 2 of the photovoltaic module in step 1 to obtain the first module are as follows:

[0067] Step S1, the cell layer 2 of the photovoltaic module is fed toward the fixed power wheel group 10 and into between the fixed power wheel group 10 and the elastic pressure wheel group 9, such as Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic assembly moves along a first direction between the fixed power wheel group 10 and the elastic pressure wheel group 9;

[0068] Step S2, the photovoltaic module moves along a first direction, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first infrared sensor 5 and the second infrared sensor 6 are blocked in sequence. When both the first infrared sensor 5 and the second infrared sensor 6 are blocked, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the first pressing wheel 1 pushes out and squeezes the photovoltaic module to bend toward the first scraper 7. As the photovoltaic module moves, the first scraper 7 scrapes off part of the cell layer 2. Figure 4 As shown;

[0069] Step S3, as the photovoltaic assembly moves along the first direction, when the first infrared sensor 5 resumes normal docking, Figure 5 As shown, the first pressing wheel 1 is retracted to the starting position, the photovoltaic assembly moves along the second direction between the fixed power wheel group 10 and the elastic pressing wheel group 9, and the second pressing wheel 4 pushes out and squeezes the photovoltaic assembly to bend toward the second scraper 8, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, the second scraper 8 scrapes off the remaining battery sheet layer 2, and the second direction is opposite to the first direction;

[0070] Step S4, as the photovoltaic assembly moves along the second direction, the second infrared sensor 6 and the first infrared sensor 5 resume normal docking in sequence, and when the second infrared sensor 6 resumes normal docking, the second pressing wheel 4 is recovered to the starting position;

[0071] Step S5, the photovoltaic assembly completes scraping of the cell layer 2, and the obtained first assembly moves along the second direction until it is discharged.

[0072] In this embodiment, in step 2, the first component is placed in the adhesive removal solution 14 to remove the EVA adhesive remaining on the surface of the first component. The specific steps are as follows:

[0073] Step Q1, preparing a degumming solution 14; first preparing a saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate, and then mixing the saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate with anhydrous ethanol at a mass ratio of 1:3 to 1:9 to obtain a degumming solution 14, wherein the mass ratio of the saturated aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate to the anhydrous ethanol can be any one of 1:3, 1:4.5, 1:7.5, and 1:9;

[0074] Step Q2, pouring the degumming solution 14 prepared in step Q1 into the reaction tank and heating it;

[0075] Step Q3, immersing the first component obtained in step 1 in a degumming solution 14 for not less than 100 minutes. During the immersion process, the temperature in the degumming solution 14 is maintained at 60°C~75°C, the pH value is 8.0~8.3, and the mass ratio of the sodium bicarbonate solution to ethanol is 1:3~1:9; under the above conditions, ethanol can better play an infiltration role, helping sodium bicarbonate to infiltrate into the gap between the EVA glue and the backboard, thereby increasing the reaction speed, while sodium bicarbonate can react with the EVA glue on the surface of the backboard, causing it to denature and swell and then detach from the backboard surface.

[0076] In this embodiment, the method for maintaining the temperature in the degumming solution 14 at 60°C~75°C is as follows: the temperature parameters of the degumming solution 14 are detected in real time by a temperature sensor, and the data is sent to the host computer, the host computer compares the temperature with the set temperature range, when the detected temperature received is lower than 60°C, the host computer sends a control instruction to control the heating device 13 to turn on and heat the degumming solution 14, when the detected temperature received by the host computer is higher than 70°C, the host computer sends a control instruction to control the heating device 13 to turn off. Through the above closed-loop control, the temperature in the degumming solution 14 can be maintained between 60°C~75°C, which can accelerate the reaction of sodium bicarbonate with the EVA glue on the surface of the backplane, and avoid the rapid evaporation of water and ethanol in the degumming solution 14. If the temperature in the degumming solution 14 exceeds 75°C, the host computer sends a control instruction to control the heating device 13 to turn off, and at the same time, a low-temperature ethanol solution with a concentration of 80% is added to the degumming solution 14 through the feed port 15 until the temperature of the degumming solution 14 is lower than 75°C.

[0077] In this embodiment, the method for maintaining the pH value of the degumming solution 14 at 8.0-8.3 is as follows: since the pH value of the saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution is 8.3, the pH value of the degumming solution 14 will not exceed 8.3. When preparing the degumming solution 14, an excess of sodium bicarbonate powder is added to the degumming solution 14 so that the pH value of the degumming solution 14 can be continuously maintained at 8.3 during the immersion degumming process. When the pH value of the degumming solution 14 collected by the pH tester is lower than 8, a warning is issued, and sodium bicarbonate powder with a purity greater than 99.5% is added to the degumming solution 14 through the feeding port 15 by manual or automatic adding equipment until part of the sodium bicarbonate powder in the degumming solution 14 cannot be dissolved.

[0078] In this embodiment, the method for maintaining the mass ratio of sodium bicarbonate solution to ethanol in the degumming solution 14 at 1:3 to 1:9 is as follows: the ethanol content in the degumming solution 14 is tested regularly at 30-minute intervals by an alcohol meter, a methanol-ethanol detector, a gas chromatography method, etc. When the mass ratio of sodium bicarbonate solution to ethanol is less than 1:9, a saturated sodium bicarbonate solution at 60°C is added to the degumming solution 14, or a saturated sodium bicarbonate solution at room temperature is added in small amounts and multiple times, and the temperature of the degumming solution 14 is observed to be not lower than 60°C. When the mass ratio of sodium bicarbonate solution to ethanol is greater than 1:3, anhydrous ethanol at room temperature is added in small amounts and multiple times, and the temperature of the degumming solution 14 is observed to be not lower than 60°C.

[0079] In this embodiment, the first component immersed in the degumming solution 14 is subjected to displacement oscillation during the immersion process, which can accelerate the shedding of the denatured EVA glue on the surface on the one hand, and on the other hand, can cause the degumming solution 14 to oscillate, making the solution at different positions in the water body more uniform and the temperature more similar.

[0080] In this embodiment, in order to speed up the reaction speed, during the immersion of the first component, the mixed solution is heated and ultrasonically treated at the same time, the time of ultrasonic treatment is 30~70 min, and the power of ultrasonic treatment is 30~100 MHz; the time of ultrasonic treatment is any one of 30min, 45min, 60min, 70min or a range between any two values; the power of ultrasonic treatment is any one of 30 MHz, 40 MHz, 50 MHz, 60 MHz, 70 MHz, 80 MHz, 90 MHz, 100 MHz or a range between any two values.

[0081] To sum up, although the embodiments of the present application are described in detail above, the above embodiments are not intended to limit the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module back sheet peeling device, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module comprises a stacked battery sheet layer (2) wrapped with EVA glue and a back sheet (3); the back sheet peeling device comprises a first device for scraping off the battery sheet layer on the surface of the back sheet; the first device specifically comprises a fixed power wheel group (10) and an elastic pressure wheel group (9); the fixed power wheel group (10) and the elastic pressure wheel group (9) are arranged opposite to each other and are used to press the photovoltaic module and drive the photovoltaic module to move; It also comprises a first scraper module and a second scraper module for scraping the battery sheet layer (2), wherein the scraping directions of the first scraper module and the second scraper module are opposite; It also includes a first infrared sensor (5) and a second infrared sensor (6) for collecting photovoltaic module position information, wherein the first infrared sensor (5) and the second infrared sensor (6) are arranged at intervals and are both located between the first scraper module and the second scraper module; The first scraper module comprises a first top pressure wheel (1) and a first scraper (7) which are arranged relatively to be liftable, and the second scraper module comprises a second top pressure wheel (4) and a second scraper (8) which are arranged relatively to be liftable. The first top pressure wheel (1) and the second top pressure wheel (4) are both arranged in an elastic pressure wheel group (9), and the first scraper (7) and the second scraper (8) are both arranged in a fixed power wheel group (10).

2. A photovoltaic module back sheet peeling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed power wheel set (10) comprises a plurality of fixed power wheels, the plurality of fixed power wheels are grouped to form a first power wheel set (18), a second power wheel set (19) and a third power wheel set (20), adjacent fixed power wheels are transmission-connected to each other, the fixed power wheel set (10) further comprises a power wheel drive motor (24), the power wheel drive motor (24) is transmission-connected to the fixed power wheels; The first scraper (7) is arranged at the gap between the first power wheel set (18) and the second power wheel set (19), and the second scraper (8) is arranged at the gap between the second power wheel set (19) and the third power wheel set (20).

3. A photovoltaic module back sheet peeling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic pressure wheel group (9) comprises a plurality of elastic pressure wheels, the plurality of elastic pressure wheels are grouped to form a first pressure wheel group, a second pressure wheel group, and a third pressure wheel group, and adjacent elastic pressure wheels are transmission-connected to each other. The elastic pressure wheel group (9) further comprises an elastic pressure wheel drive motor (32), and the elastic pressure wheel drive motor (32) is transmission-connected to the elastic pressure wheel via a coupling (31); The first pressing wheel (1) is arranged at the gap between the first pressing wheel group and the second pressing wheel group, and the second pressing wheel (4) is arranged at the gap between the second pressing wheel group and the third pressing wheel group.

4. A photovoltaic module back sheet peeling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a second device for removing the EVA glue on the surface of the back panel, the second device comprising a reaction tank, the reaction tank comprising a temperature control device, the reaction tank containing a glue removal solution (14) for soaking the back panel (3) after the battery layer (2) is scraped off by the first device, and the glue removal solution (14) is a mixed solution of sodium bicarbonate solution and ethanol.

5. A photovoltaic module back sheet peeling method, applied to the photovoltaic module back sheet peeling device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The photovoltaic module comprises a stacked battery sheet layer (2) wrapped with EVA glue and a back sheet (3), and the method comprises: Physically scraping off the cell layer (2) of the photovoltaic module to obtain a first module; Placing the first component in a degumming solution (14) to remove the EVA glue remaining on the surface of the first component, thereby obtaining a backplane (3); The degumming solution (14) is a mixed solution of sodium bicarbonate solution and ethanol.

6. A photovoltaic module back sheet peeling method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific steps of physically scraping off the cell layer (2) of the photovoltaic module to obtain the first module are as follows: Step S1, sending the cell layer (2) of the photovoltaic module toward one side of the fixed power wheel group (10) into between the fixed power wheel group (10) and the elastic pressure wheel group (9), and the photovoltaic module moves along a first direction between the fixed power wheel group (10) and the elastic pressure wheel group (9); Step S2, the photovoltaic assembly moves along a first direction to sequentially block the first infrared sensor (5) and the second infrared sensor (6); when both the first infrared sensor (5) and the second infrared sensor (6) are blocked, the first pressing wheel (1) pushes out and squeezes the photovoltaic assembly to bend toward the first scraper (7); as the photovoltaic assembly moves, the first scraper (7) scrapes off part of the cell layer (2); Step S3, as the photovoltaic assembly moves along the first direction, when the first infrared sensor (5) resumes normal docking, the first pressing wheel (1) is retracted to the starting position, the photovoltaic assembly moves along the second direction between the fixed power wheel group (10) and the elastic pressing wheel group (9), the second pressing wheel (4) pushes out and squeezes the photovoltaic assembly to bend toward the second scraper (8), and the second scraper (8) scrapes off the remaining battery cell layer (2), and the second direction is opposite to the first direction; Step S4, as the photovoltaic assembly moves along the second direction, the second infrared sensor (6) and the first infrared sensor (5) resume normal docking in sequence, and when the second infrared sensor (6) resumes normal docking, the second pressing wheel (4) is retracted to the starting position; Step S5, the photovoltaic module completes the scraping of the cell layer (2), and the obtained first module moves along the second direction until it is discharged.

7. A photovoltaic module back sheet peeling method according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the step of placing the first component into a degumming solution (14) for soaking, the soaking time of the first component in the degumming solution (14) is not less than 100 minutes, and the temperature of the degumming solution (14) is maintained at 60°C to 75°C during the soaking process.

8. A photovoltaic module back sheet peeling method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the sodium bicarbonate solution to ethanol in the degumming solution (14) is 1:3 to 1:9; and the pH value of the degumming solution (14) is 8.0 to 8.

3.

9. A photovoltaic module back sheet peeling method according to claim 6, characterized in that: During the soaking of the first component in the degumming solution (14), the degumming solution (14) is subjected to ultrasonic treatment, wherein the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 30-100 MHz.

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