A positioning and machining device for truck rear axle reducers

Abstract

The application discloses a truck rear axle speed reducer positioning machining device and relates to the technical field of truck technology, aiming to solve the technical problem that, during current speed reducer assembly, if a mold and parts are not on the same axis, the upper and lower parts cannot be smoothly installed, and even after excessive pressure, the parts are damaged, which affects the subsequent working effect, and comprises a hydraulic machine body, a base is arranged at the bottom of the hydraulic machine body, a three-jaw clamp for centering and positioning the speed reducer parts is arranged at the top center of the base, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged at the top of the hydraulic machine body, and a coaxial positioning mechanism is detachably arranged at the bottom of the outer edge surface of the hydraulic cylinder. The mold and the hydraulic cylinder are on the same central axis through the coaxial locking mechanism, so that the problem that the upper and lower parts cannot be smoothly installed due to deviation, and even after excessive pressure, the parts are damaged, is avoided, and the assembly effect is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of truck technology, and more specifically, to a positioning and processing device for a truck rear axle reducer. Background Technology

[0002] The rear axle refers to the rear drive shaft component that transmits power to a vehicle. It consists of two half-axles, allowing for differential movement between them. It also supports the wheels and connects them to the rear wheels. In front-wheel-drive vehicles, the rear axle is simply a follow-up axle, serving only a load-bearing function. If the front axle is not a drive axle, then the rear axle is the drive axle, in which case it provides load-bearing, driving, deceleration, and differential functions. In four-wheel-drive vehicles, a transfer case is usually located in front of the rear axle. Rear axles are divided into solid axles and half-axles.

[0003] Currently, most trucks are equipped with a reducer on the rear axle and connected to the differential. During the manufacturing process, the reducer needs to be vertically pressed using a hydraulic press and molds to ensure that the parts are installed with an interference fit.

[0004] In existing technologies, when hydraulic presses are used in conjunction with molds to apply vertical pressure, it is often necessary to manually place the parts and molds and align them with the hydraulic cylinders. When pressure is applied to the parts through the molds, if the molds and parts are not on the same axis, the vertical pressure generated by the hydraulic cylinders will deviate from the molds and parts, causing the upper and lower parts to be unable to be installed smoothly, or even causing scratch damage to the parts after excessive pressure, affecting their performance in subsequent work. In view of this, we propose a positioning and processing device for truck rear axle reducers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a positioning and processing device for truck rear axle reducers, in order to solve the technical problem that if the mold and the parts are not on the same axis during the current assembly of the reducer, the upper and lower parts cannot be installed smoothly, or even the parts are scratched and damaged after excessive pressure, which affects the subsequent working effect.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a positioning and processing device for a truck rear axle reducer, comprising a hydraulic press body;

[0007] The hydraulic press body has a base at the bottom, and a three-jaw clamp for centering and positioning the reducer parts is provided at the top center of the base. A hydraulic cylinder is fixedly provided at the top of the hydraulic press body, and a coaxial positioning mechanism is detachably provided at the bottom of the outer edge of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0008] The coaxial positioning mechanism includes a coaxial locking mechanism and several mold supply mechanisms for assembling different mold bodies. The coaxial locking mechanism has a folded state and an unfolded state, and is detachably installed on the bottom of the outer edge of the hydraulic cylinder. Several mold supply mechanisms are arranged in a circular array on the outer edge of the coaxial locking mechanism. Each mold supply mechanism has an extended state for pushing out the mold body and a retracted state for pulling back the mold body. The mold supply mechanism in the extended state realizes the coaxial movement of the mold body and the hydraulic cylinder.

[0009] This invention uses a coaxial locking mechanism to set several mold supply mechanisms on a hydraulic cylinder. By pulling, the mold supply mechanism is switched from a retracted state to an extended state, and the mold body located at one end of the mold supply mechanism is aligned with the hydraulic cylinder on the same central axis. A three-jaw clamp is used to fix and center the reducer parts. Then, by applying pressure from the hydraulic cylinder, the mold body pushes two reducer parts to complete the assembly. This avoids the problem of the upper and lower parts not being able to be installed smoothly due to misalignment, or even scratching damage to the parts after excessive pressure, thus ensuring the assembly effect.

[0010] Preferably, the coaxial locking mechanism includes a guide mechanism, a bearing A, several bearings B, several bearings C, two half-seats, several shafts, and an arc-shaped plate;

[0011] The guide mechanism is detachably mounted on the bottom of the outer edge of the hydraulic cylinder;

[0012] The bearing A, several bearings B, several bearings C, and two half-seats are all fixedly mounted on the top of the guide mechanism. Two circular holes A are symmetrically opened on one side of each of the bearings A, B, and C, and a circular hole B is centrally opened on one side of each of the two half-seats.

[0013] Several shafts are respectively rotatably installed in several circular holes A and two circular holes B;

[0014] Both ends of the arc-shaped plate are equipped with bevel gears, which are fixedly mounted on the corresponding shafts. Adjacent bevel gears mesh with each other, and a protective plate is centrally located on the inner side of the arc-shaped plate.

[0015] Preferably, the guiding mechanism includes a semicircular seat A, a semicircular seat B, a fixed arm, several movable arms, two half arms, and two ear plates;

[0016] Both sides of the semicircular seat A and the semicircular seat B are provided with fixing plates, and fastening bolts are provided in the two adjacent fixing plates. T-shaped guide grooves are provided at the bottom of the semicircular seat A and the two T-shaped guide grooves form a ring track.

[0017] The fixed arm is centrally located on one side of the semicircular seat B, and the other end of the fixed arm is fixedly connected to the bearing seat A.

[0018] Each of the movable arms and the two half arms has a T-shaped guide key at one end, and the T-shaped guide key is slidably disposed in the annular track. The other end of the movable arm is fixedly connected to the bearing C, and the other end of the half arm is fixedly connected to the half bearing.

[0019] The two ear plates are respectively constructed on one side of the two half arms, and a locking bolt is provided in both ear plates.

[0020] Preferably, the mold supply mechanism includes a support mechanism and a centering mechanism, the centering mechanism is fixedly disposed at the bottom end of the support mechanism, and the mold body is detachably installed at the bottom end of the centering mechanism;

[0021] The centering mechanism includes a support ring, a floating seat is slidably disposed inside the support ring, and a groove is provided at the center of the top of the floating seat. An infrared receiver is fixedly disposed at the center of the groove, and the mold body is detachably installed at the bottom of the floating seat.

[0022] The top of the support ring has several guide holes arranged in a ring array, and a guide rod is slidably disposed in each of the guide holes. The top of the guide rod is fixedly connected to the floating seat, and a spring is sleeved on the guide rod to abut against the floating seat and the support ring.

[0023] Preferably, the support mechanism includes a hinge seat, a damping shaft is provided between the two sides of the hinge seat, and a support arm A is fixedly provided on one side of the damping shaft, while a support plate is rotatably provided on the other side of the damping shaft.

[0024] Preferably, a rotating shaft is fixedly installed at the end of the support arm A away from the hinge seat, and a support arm B is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft. An extension plate is constructed at the end of the support arm B facing the support arm A, and a connecting rod A is hinged between the extension plate and the support plate.

[0025] Preferably, a triangular seat is rotatably provided at one end of the rotating shaft extending from the support arm A, and a connecting rod B is hingedly installed between one end of the triangular seat and the hinge seat.

[0026] Preferably, a mounting base is hinged to one end of the support arm B away from the support arm A, and a connecting rod C is hinged between the mounting base and the other end of the triangular seat, and the mounting base is fixedly connected to the support ring.

[0027] Preferably, a mounting groove is provided at the center of the bottom end of the hydraulic cylinder, and an infrared transmitter that performs coaxial detection with the infrared receiver is fixedly installed in the mounting groove.

[0028] Preferably, a method for positioning and machining a speed reducer includes the following steps:

[0029] S1. Equipment installation work;

[0030] By abutting the semicircular seat B against the bottom of the outer edge of the hydraulic cylinder, and fixing the semicircular seat A and the semicircular seat B to the hydraulic cylinder with fastening bolts, after the fixing is completed, several guard plates can be pushed to unfold.

[0031] The mechanism rotates around the shafts corresponding to several arc-shaped plates each equipped with two bevel gears, driving several movable arms and two half-arms to move in a circle. Then, it slides in the T-shaped guide groove through the T-shaped guide key to guide the movable arms and two half-arms, thereby completing the unfolding of the coaxial locking mechanism. After unfolding, the two half-arms equipped with ear plates are fixedly connected by locking bolts, so that several mold supply mechanisms with different mold bodies are distributed around the hydraulic cylinder for standby.

[0032] S2. Preparation work;

[0033] Place the reducer parts into the three-jaw chuck and lock them in place. Then place another reducer part on top of the reducer parts to complete the assembly preparation.

[0034] S3. Mold selection process;

[0035] According to the installation requirements of the reducer parts, pull the designated mold supply mechanism to switch it from the retracted state to the extended state, move the centering mechanism to the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder, so that the mold body located below the hydraulic cylinder moves to the top of the reducer parts, and completes the rotation of the mold body.

[0036] S4, Coaxial operation;

[0037] When the support mechanism is pulled into the extended state, the support arm A rotates around the damping shaft, and the support arm B with the extension plate is pulled around the pivot shaft by the connecting rod A connected to the support plate, so that the centering mechanism extends downward to the hydraulic cylinder. The connecting rod B pulls the triangular seat to rotate around the pivot shaft, so that the mounting seat is pulled to swing by the connecting rod C, so that the centering mechanism on the mounting seat and the hydraulic cylinder are in the same axis, thus completing the coaxial positioning of the mold body, the hydraulic cylinder and the reducer parts.

[0038] S5. Coaxial inspection operation;

[0039] After the mold body is coaxially positioned with the hydraulic cylinder and reducer parts, the coaxial status of the mold body is detected by an infrared transmitter on the hydraulic cylinder and an infrared receiver in the floating seat. If it is coaxial, the next operation process is started. Otherwise, the support mechanism needs to be finely adjusted to ensure that the mold body and the hydraulic cylinder and reducer parts are coaxial.

[0040] S6. Assembly operation;

[0041] After verifying that the mold body, hydraulic cylinder, and reducer parts are coaxial, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder moves downward, pushing the support ring with the mold body downward and compressing several springs on the guide rods. This allows the mold body to complete the compression assembly of the two reducer parts. After assembly, the springs push the support ring upward along several guide rods, completing the separation of the mold. After assembling the specified reducer parts, the remaining parts can be assembled again using S, S, S, S, S.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0043] 1. This invention uses a coaxial locking mechanism to set several mold supply mechanisms on a hydraulic cylinder. By pulling, the mold supply mechanism is switched from a retracted state to an extended state, and the mold body located at one end of the mold supply mechanism is aligned with the hydraulic cylinder on the same central axis. A three-jaw clamp is used to fix and center the reducer parts. Then, by applying pressure from the hydraulic cylinder, the mold body pushes two reducer parts to complete the assembly, thus avoiding the problem of the upper and lower parts not being able to be installed smoothly due to misalignment, or even scratching damage to the parts after excessive pressure, ensuring the assembly effect.

[0044] 2. This invention also provides several mold supply mechanisms on the coaxial locking mechanism to prepare several mold bodies. When a specific mold body needs to be selected, the support arm A can be pulled to rotate around the damping shaft, and the support arm B with the extension plate can be pulled to rotate around the pivot shaft via the connecting rod A connected to the support plate. This allows the centering mechanism to extend downwards from the hydraulic cylinder. The connecting rod B can then pull the triangular seat to rotate around the pivot shaft, thereby causing the mounting seat to swing via the connecting rod C. This makes the centering mechanism on the mounting seat and the hydraulic cylinder coaxial, moving the mold body below the hydraulic cylinder and above the reducer parts. This facilitates the selection of a specific mold by the operator and enables rapid coaxial positioning of the mold body with the hydraulic cylinder and reducer parts.

[0045] 3. The present invention also facilitates replacement by setting a coaxial locking mechanism. By abutting the bottom of the outer edge of the hydraulic cylinder with semicircular seat B, and fixing semicircular seat A and semicircular seat B to the hydraulic cylinder with fastening bolts, several guard plates can be pushed to unfold. Several arc plates with two bevel gears are rotated around the shafts, driving several movable arms and two half arms to move in a circle. Then, the movable arms and two half arms are guided by sliding in the T-shaped guide groove through the T-shaped guide key, thereby completing the unfolding of the coaxial locking mechanism. After unfolding, the two half arms with ear plates are fixedly connected by locking bolts, so that several mold supply mechanisms with different mold bodies are distributed around the hydraulic cylinder. Installation can be carried out without disassembling the hydraulic cylinder, which is convenient for disassembly.

[0046] 4. The present invention also uses an infrared transmitter mounted on the hydraulic cylinder and an infrared receiver mounted on the floating seat to perform coaxial detection. After the mold body, hydraulic cylinder and reducer parts are quickly coaxially positioned by pulling the support mechanism, the infrared receiver receives the infrared rays emitted by the infrared transmitter to detect the coaxial status of the mold body. This enables the re-inspection of the coaxial status of the mold body, hydraulic cylinder and reducer parts, and ensures the processing effect of the reducer. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the coaxial positioning mechanism in the mold standby state in this invention;

[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the coaxial positioning mechanism in the mold supply state in this invention;

[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the coaxial positioning mechanism in the folded state in this invention;

[0051] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the coaxial locking mechanism in this invention;

[0052] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the coaxial locking mechanism in this invention from a bottom view.

[0053] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the coaxial locking mechanism in the folded state in this invention;

[0054] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the mold supply mechanism in the retracted state in this invention;

[0055] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the mold supply mechanism in the extended state in this invention;

[0056] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the support mechanism in this invention;

[0057] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the centering mechanism and the mold body in the disassembled state in this invention;

[0058] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the usage state of the present invention when applying pressure to coaxially position two reducer parts;

[0059] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the coaxial detection of the infrared receiver and infrared transmitter in this invention.

[0060] Figure 14 For the present invention Figure 13 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0061] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0062] 1. Hydraulic press body; 2. Base; 3. Three-jaw clamp; 4. Reducer parts; 5. Hydraulic cylinder; 6. Coaxial positioning mechanism; 7. Infrared transmitter;

[0063] 8. Coaxial locking mechanism; 801. Shaft seat A; 802. Shaft seat B; 803. Shaft seat C; 804. Half seat; 805. Shaft rod; 806. Arc plate; 807. Bevel gear; 808. Guard plate;

[0064] 9. Mold supply mechanism; 901. Support ring; 902. Floating seat; 903. Infrared receiver; 904. Guide rod; 905. Spring;

[0065] 10. Guiding mechanism; 1001. Semicircular seat A; 1002. Semicircular seat B; 1003. T-shaped guide groove; 1004. Fixed arm; 1005. Movable arm; 1006. Half arm; 1007. T-shaped guide key; 1008. Ear plate; 1009. Fixed plate;

[0066] 11. Support mechanism; 1101. Hinge seat; 1102. Damping shaft; 1103. Support arm A; 1104. Support plate; 1105. Support arm B; 1106. Extension plate; 1107. Link A; 1108. Triangular seat; 1109. Link B; 1110. Mounting seat; 1111. Link C; 12. Mold body. Detailed Implementation

[0067] Example

[0068] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention relates to a positioning and processing device for a truck rear axle reducer, comprising a hydraulic press body 1;

[0069] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 12 As shown, in the embodiments of the present invention, to avoid the problem of the upper and lower parts not being able to be installed smoothly due to misalignment, or even causing scratch damage to the parts after excessive pressure, a base 2 is provided at the bottom of the hydraulic press body 1, and a three-jaw clamp 3 for centering and positioning the reducer part 4 is provided at the top center of the base 2. A hydraulic cylinder 5 is fixedly provided at the top of the hydraulic press body 1, and a coaxial positioning mechanism 6 is detachably provided at the bottom of the outer edge surface of the hydraulic cylinder 5. The coaxial positioning mechanism 6 includes a coaxial locking mechanism 8 and a plurality of mold supply mechanisms 9 for assembling different mold bodies 12. The coaxial locking mechanism 8 has a folded state and an unfolded state, and the coaxial locking mechanism 8 is detachably installed at the bottom of the outer edge surface of the hydraulic cylinder 5. The plurality of mold supply mechanisms 9 are arranged in a circular array on the outer edge surface of the coaxial locking mechanism 8. Each of the supply mechanisms 9 has an extended state for pushing out the mold body 12 and a retracted state for pulling back the mold body 12. The mold supply mechanism 9 in the extended state realizes the coaxial movement of the mold body 12 and the hydraulic cylinder 5. The coaxial locking mechanism 8 completes the setting of several mold supply mechanisms 9 on the hydraulic cylinder 5. By pulling, the mold supply mechanism 9 is switched from the retracted state to the extended state, and the mold body 12 at one end of the mold supply mechanism 9 and the hydraulic cylinder 5 are on the same central axis. The three-jaw clamp 3 completes the fixing and centering of the reducer parts 4. Thus, by applying pressure from the hydraulic cylinder 5, the mold body 12 pushes the two reducer parts 4 to complete the assembly, so as to avoid the problem that the upper and lower parts cannot be installed smoothly due to misalignment, or even cause scratch damage to the parts after excessive pressure, thus ensuring the assembly effect.

[0070] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, to facilitate the installation of the coaxial positioning mechanism 6, the coaxial locking mechanism 8 includes a guide mechanism 10, a shaft seat A801, several shaft seats B802, several shaft seats C803, two half seats 804, several shafts 805, and an arc plate 806. The guide mechanism 10 is detachably installed on the bottom of the outer edge of the hydraulic cylinder 5. The shaft seat A801, several shaft seats B802, several shaft seats C803, and two half seats 804 are all fixedly installed on the top of the guide mechanism 10. Two circular holes A are symmetrically opened on one side of each shaft seat A801, shaft seat B802, and shaft seat C803, and a circular hole B is centrally opened on one side of each of the two half seats 804. Several shafts 805 are rotatably installed in several circular holes. Inside holes A and B, bevel gears 807 are constructed at both ends of the arc-shaped plate 806, and the bevel gears 807 are fixedly installed on the corresponding shafts 805. Adjacent bevel gears 807 mesh with each other. A guard plate 808 is centrally located on the inner side of the arc-shaped plate 806. The guide mechanism 10 includes a semi-circular seat A1001, a semi-circular seat B1002, a fixed arm 1004, several movable arms 1005, two half-arms 1006, and two ear plates 1008. Fixed plates 1009 are constructed on both sides of the semi-circular seats A1001 and B1002, and fastening bolts are commonly provided in adjacent fixed plates 1009. T-shaped guide grooves 1003 are provided at the bottom ends of both the semi-circular seats A1001 and B1002. A T-shaped guide groove 1003 forms a circular track. A fixed arm 1004 is centrally located on one side of the semicircular seat B1002, and the other end of the fixed arm 1004 is fixedly connected to the shaft seat A801. Several movable arms 1005 and two half-arms 1006 each have a T-shaped guide key 1007 at one end, and the T-shaped guide key 1007 is slidably disposed within the circular track. The other end of the movable arm 1005 is fixedly connected to the shaft seat C803, and the other end of the half-arm 1006 is fixedly connected to the half-seat 804. Two ear plates 1008 are respectively located on one side of the two half-arms 1006, and both ear plates 1008 are provided with a locking bolt. The coaxial locking mechanism 8 facilitates replacement by the operator. 1002 abuts against the bottom of the outer edge of the hydraulic cylinder 5, and the semicircular seats A1001 and B1002 are fixed to the hydraulic cylinder 5 by fastening bolts. After fixing, several guard plates 808 can be pushed to unfold. Several arc plates 806 with two bevel gears 807 rotate around the shafts 805, which drive several movable arms 1005 and two half arms 1006 to move in a circle. Then, the movable arms 1005 and two half arms 1006 are guided by the T-shaped guide key 1007 sliding in the T-shaped guide groove 1003, thereby completing the unfolding of the coaxial locking mechanism 8. After unfolding, the two half arms 1006 with ear plates 1008 are fixedly connected by locking bolts.This arrangement allows several mold supply mechanisms 9, each equipped with a different mold body 12, to be distributed around the hydraulic cylinder 5. Installation can be performed without disassembling the hydraulic cylinder 5, making disassembly more convenient.

[0071] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, to facilitate reassembly, the mold supply mechanism 9 includes a support mechanism 11 and a centering mechanism. The centering mechanism is fixedly disposed at the bottom end of the support mechanism 11, and the mold body 12 is detachably mounted on the bottom end of the centering mechanism. The centering mechanism includes a support ring 901, a floating seat 902 is slidably disposed within the support ring 901, and the mold body 12 is detachably mounted on the bottom end of the floating seat 902. The top end of the support ring 901 has a plurality of guide holes arranged in a circular array, and guide rods 904 are slidably disposed within each of the guide holes. The top of 04 is fixedly connected to the floating seat 902, and a spring 905 is sleeved on the guide rod 904, which abuts against the floating seat 902 and the support ring 901. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5 moves down, pushing the support ring 901 with the mold body 12 to move down, and squeezing several springs 905 on the guide rod 904 to contract. Thus, the two reducer parts 4 are squeezed and assembled through the mold body 12. After the assembly is completed, several springs 905 push the support ring 901 to move up along several guide rods 904, completing the separation of the mold and facilitating the reassembly operation.

[0072] like Figure 1 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, to facilitate rapid coaxial positioning of the mold body 12 with the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the reducer component 4, the support mechanism 11 includes a hinge seat 1101. A damping shaft 1102 is provided between the two sides of the hinge seat 1101. A support arm A1103 is fixedly provided on one side of the damping shaft 1102, and a support plate 1104 is rotatably provided on the other side of the damping shaft 1102. A rotating shaft is fixedly installed at the end of the support arm A1103 away from the hinge seat 1101, and a support arm B1105 is rotatably provided on the rotating shaft. The support arm B1105 has an extension plate 1106 at one end facing the support arm A1103. A connecting rod A1107 is hinged between the extension plate 1106 and the support plate 1104. A triangular seat 1108 is rotatably provided at one end of the pivot extending from the support arm A1103. A connecting rod B1109 is hinged between one end of the triangular seat 1108 and the hinge seat 1101. A mounting seat 1110 is hinged at the end of the support arm B1105 away from the support arm A1103. The mounting seat 1110 and the triangular seat 1107 are connected to each other. A connecting rod C1111 is hinged to the other end of 108. The mounting base 1110 is fixedly connected to the support ring 901. Several mold supply mechanisms 9 on the coaxial locking mechanism 8 are used to prepare several mold bodies 12. When a specific mold body 12 needs to be selected, the support arm A1103 can be pulled to rotate around the damping shaft 1102, and the support arm B1105 with the extension plate 1106 can be pulled to rotate around the pivot by the connecting rod A1107 connected to the support plate 1104. The centering mechanism extends downwards from the hydraulic cylinder 5 and pulls the triangular seat 1108 around the pivot axis via the connecting rod B1109. This, in turn, pulls the mounting base 1110 to swing via the connecting rod C1111, thus aligning the centering mechanism on the mounting base 1110 with the hydraulic cylinder 5 in the same axis. This moves the mold body 12 below the hydraulic cylinder 5 and above the reducer part 4, making it easier for operators to select the specified mold and facilitating rapid coaxial positioning of the mold body 12 with the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the reducer part 4.

[0073] like Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 14As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, in order to re-inspect the coaxial state of the mold body 12, the hydraulic cylinder 5, and the reducer part 4 to ensure the processing effect of the reducer, a groove is provided at the center of the top of the floating seat 902, and an infrared receiver 903 is fixedly installed at the center of the groove. An installation groove is provided at the center of the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 5, and an infrared transmitter 7 is fixedly installed in the installation groove to perform coaxial detection with the infrared receiver 903. The infrared transmitter 7 on the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the infrared receiver 903 on the floating seat 902 perform coaxial detection. After the mold body 12, the hydraulic cylinder 5, and the reducer part 4 are quickly coaxially positioned by pulling the support mechanism 11, the infrared receiver 903 receives the infrared rays emitted by the infrared transmitter 7 to detect the coaxial state of the mold body 12, thereby realizing the re-inspection of the coaxial state of the mold body 12, the hydraulic cylinder 5, and the reducer part 4, and ensuring the processing effect of the reducer. Example

[0074] like Figures 1 to 14 As shown, as another embodiment of the present invention, a method for positioning and machining a speed reducer includes the following steps:

[0075] S1. Equipment installation work;

[0076] By abutting the semicircular seat B1002 against the bottom of the outer edge of the hydraulic cylinder 5, and fixing the semicircular seat A1001 and the semicircular seat B1002 to the hydraulic cylinder 5 with fastening bolts, after the fixing is completed, several guard plates 808 can be pushed to unfold.

[0077] The coaxial locking mechanism 8 is deployed by rotating the shafts 805 corresponding to the arc plates 806, each equipped with two bevel gears 807, around the axis. This rotation drives the movable arms 1005 and the two half-arms 1006 to move in a ring. The movable arms 1005 and the two half-arms 1006 are guided by sliding the T-shaped guide key 1007 in the T-shaped guide groove 1003. This completes the deployment of the coaxial locking mechanism 8. After deployment, the two half-arms 1006 equipped with ear plates 1008 are fixedly connected by locking bolts. This allows the mold supply mechanisms 9, each equipped with a different mold body 12, to be distributed around the hydraulic cylinder 5 for later use.

[0078] S2. Preparation work;

[0079] Place the reducer part 4 into the three-jaw clamp 3 and lock it in place. Then place another reducer part 4 on top of the reducer part 4 to complete the assembly preparation.

[0080] S3. Mold selection process;

[0081] According to the installation requirements of reducer part 4, pull the designated mold supply mechanism 9 to switch it from the retracted state to the extended state, move the centering mechanism to the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 5, so that the mold body 12 located below the hydraulic cylinder 5 moves to the top of the reducer part 4, and complete the rotation of the mold body 12.

[0082] S4, Coaxial operation;

[0083] When the support mechanism 11 is pulled into the extended state, the support arm A1103 rotates around the damping shaft 1102, and the support arm B1105 with the extension plate 1106 is pulled around the pivot axis by the connecting rod A1107 connected to the support plate 1104, so that the centering mechanism extends downward to the hydraulic cylinder 5. The connecting rod B1109 pulls the triangular seat 1108 to rotate around the pivot axis, so that the mounting seat 1110 is pulled to swing by the connecting rod C1111, so that the centering mechanism on the mounting seat 1110 and the hydraulic cylinder 5 are in the same axis, and the mold body 12, the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the reducer part 4 are coaxially positioned.

[0084] S5. Coaxial inspection operation;

[0085] After the mold body 12 is coaxially positioned with the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the reducer part 4, the coaxial status of the mold body 12 is detected by the infrared transmitter 7 on the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the infrared receiver 903 in the floating seat 902. If it is coaxial, the next operation process is started. Otherwise, the support mechanism 11 needs to be finely adjusted to ensure that the mold body 12 is coaxial with the hydraulic cylinder 5 and the reducer part 4.

[0086] S6. Assembly operation;

[0087] After verifying that the mold body 12, hydraulic cylinder 5, and reducer parts 4 are coaxial, the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder 5 moves downward, pushing the support ring 901 with mold body 12 downward and compressing several springs 905 on guide rods 904 to contract. Thus, the mold body 12 completes the compression assembly of the two reducer parts 4. After the assembly is completed, several springs 905 push the support ring 901 upward along several guide rods 904 to complete the separation of the mold. After the assembly of the specified reducer parts 4 is completed, the remaining parts can be assembled again through steps S2, S3, S4, S5, and S6.

[0088] The embodiments disclosed in this invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of this invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations, but as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this invention, they are all within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A truck rear axle reducer positioning and machining device, characterized in that, Including hydraulic machine main body (1); The bottom of the hydraulic machine main body (1) is provided with a base (2), and the top center of the base (2) is provided with a three-jaw clamp (3) for centering and positioning the reducer parts (4), the top of the hydraulic machine main body (1) is fixedly provided with a hydraulic cylinder (5), and the outer edge surface bottom of the hydraulic cylinder (5) is detachably provided with a coaxial positioning mechanism (6); The coaxial positioning mechanism (6) includes a coaxial locking mechanism (8) and a plurality of mold supply mechanisms (9) for assembling different mold bodies (12), the coaxial locking mechanism (8) has a folded state and an unfolded state, and the coaxial locking mechanism (8) is detachably installed on the outer edge surface bottom of the hydraulic cylinder (5), a plurality of the mold supply mechanisms (9) are arranged in an annular array on the outer edge surface of the coaxial locking mechanism (8), a plurality of the mold supply mechanisms (9) are provided with an extended state for pushing out the mold body (12) and a retracted state for pulling back the mold body (12), and the mold supply mechanism (9) in the extended state realizes the coaxial action of the mold body (12) and the hydraulic cylinder (5); The coaxial locking mechanism (8) comprises: A guide mechanism (10) is detachably installed on the outer edge surface bottom of the hydraulic cylinder (5); An axle seat A (801), a plurality of axle seats B (802), a plurality of axle seats C (803), and two half seats (804) are all fixedly arranged on the top of the guide mechanism (10), one side of the axle seat A (801), the axle seat B (802), and the axle seat C (803) is symmetrically provided with two round holes A, and one side of the two half seats (804) is centrally provided with a round hole B; A plurality of shaft rods (805) are respectively rotatably installed in a plurality of the round holes A and two round holes B; An arc plate (806) is provided with a bevel gear (807) at both ends, and the bevel gear (807) is fixedly installed on the corresponding shaft rod (805), and the two adjacent bevel gears (807) are meshed and matched, and a guard plate (808) is centrally arranged on the inner side of the arc plate (806).

2. A truck rear axle reducer positioning and machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide mechanism (10) comprises: A half circle seat A (1001) and a half circle seat B (1002) are both provided with a fixed plate (1009) on both sides, and a fastening bolt is arranged in the two adjacent fixed plates (1009), and the bottom end of the half circle seat A (1001) and the half circle seat B (1002) is provided with a T-shaped guide groove (1003), and the two T-shaped guide grooves (1003) form an annular track. A fixed arm (1004) is centrally arranged on one side of the semicircular seat B (1002), and the other end of the fixed arm (1004) is fixedly connected with the shaft seat A (801); A plurality of movable arms (1005) and two half arms (1006) are provided, one end of each of the movable arms (1005) and the half arms (1006) is provided with a T-shaped guide key (1007), the T-shaped guide key (1007) is slidably arranged in the annular track, the other end of the movable arm (1005) is fixedly connected with the shaft seat C (803), and the other end of the half arm (1006) is fixedly connected with the half seat (804); Two ear plates (1008) are arranged on one side of each of the two half arms (1006), and a locking bolt is arranged in the two ear plates (1008).

3. A truck rear axle reducer positioning and machining device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mold feeding mechanism (9) comprises a supporting mechanism (11) and a centering mechanism, the centering mechanism is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the supporting mechanism (11), and the mold body (12) is detachably mounted at the bottom end of the centering mechanism; The centering mechanism comprises a supporting ring (901), a floating seat (902) is slidably arranged in the supporting ring (901), a groove is formed in the center of the top end of the floating seat (902), an infrared receiver (903) is fixedly arranged in the center of the groove, and the mold body (12) is detachably mounted at the bottom end of the floating seat (902); A plurality of guide holes are annularly arranged at the top end of the supporting ring (901), a guide rod (904) is slidably arranged in each of the guide holes, the top end of the guide rod (904) is fixedly connected with the floating seat (902), and a spring (905) is sleeved on the guide rod (904) and abuts against the floating seat (902) and the supporting ring (901).

4. A truck rear axle reducer positioning and machining device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The supporting mechanism (11) comprises a hinged seat (1101), a damping shaft (1102) is arranged between the two sides of the hinged seat (1101), a support arm A (1103) is fixedly arranged on one side of the damping shaft (1102), and a support plate (1104) is rotatably arranged on the other side of the damping shaft (1102).

5. A truck rear axle reducer positioning and machining device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A rotating shaft is fixedly mounted at the end of the support arm A (1103) away from the hinged seat (1101), a support arm B (1105) is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft, an extension plate (1106) is arranged at the end of the support arm B (1105) facing the support arm A (1103), and a connecting rod A (1107) is hingedly mounted between the extension plate (1106) and the support plate (1104).

6. A truck rear axle reducer positioning and machining device according to claim 5, characterized in that, A triangular seat (1108) is rotatably arranged at the end of the rotating shaft extending out of the support arm A (1103), and a connecting rod B (1109) is hingedly mounted between one end of the triangular seat (1108) and the hinged seat (1101).

7. A truck rear axle reducer positioning and machining device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The mounting seat (1110) is hingedly connected between the mounting seat (1110) and the other end of the triangular seat (1108), and the mounting seat (1110) is fixedly connected with the supporting ring (901).

8. A truck rear axle reducer positioning and machining device according to claim 7, characterized in that, An installation groove is formed at the center of the bottom end of the hydraulic cylinder (5), and an infrared emitter (7) coaxially detecting with the infrared receiver (903) is fixedly arranged in the installation groove.

9. A method of positioning and machining a reducer according to the positioning and machining device for a reducer of a rear axle of a truck according to claim 8, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: S1, equipment installation operation; By abutting the semicircle seat B (1002) against the outer edge surface bottom of the hydraulic cylinder (5), and fixing the semicircle seat A (1001) and the semicircle seat B (1002) on the hydraulic cylinder (5) through the fastening bolt, after fixing, the several guard plates (808) can be pushed to expand; The several arc-shaped plates (806) provided with two bevel gears (807) rotate around the shaft as the shaft (805) and drive the several movable arms (1005) and the two half arms (1006) to move in a ring shape, and then the T-shaped guide key (1007) slides in the T-shaped guide slot (1003) to guide the several movable arms (1005) and the two half arms (1006), thereby completing the expansion of the coaxial locking mechanism (8), and after expansion, the fixing connection of the two half arms (1006) provided with the ear plates (1008) is completed through the locking bolt, so that the several mold feeding mechanisms (9) provided with different mold bodies (12) are distributed around the hydraulic cylinder (5) for standby use; S2, preparation operation; Place the reducer part (4) in the three-jaw chuck (3) and lock it, and then place another reducer part (4) above the reducer part (4), thereby completing the preparation operation of assembly; S3, mold selection operation; According to the installation requirements of the reducer part (4), pull the specified mold feeding mechanism (9) to switch it from the retracted state to the extended state, move the centering mechanism to the lower side of the hydraulic cylinder (5), so that the mold body (12) arranged below the hydraulic cylinder (5) moves to the upper side of the reducer part (4), and the rotation of the mold body (12) is completed. S4, coaxial operation; When the supporting mechanism (11) is pulled into the extended state, the supporting arm A (1103) rotates around the damping shaft (1102) as the axis, and the supporting arm B (1105) provided with the extension plate (1106) rotates around the rotating shaft as the axis through the connecting rod A (1107) connected to the supporting plate (1104), realizing the extension of the centering mechanism to the lower side of the hydraulic cylinder (5), and the triangular seat (1108) rotates around the rotating shaft as the axis through the connecting rod B (1109), thereby pulling the mounting seat (1110) to swing through the connecting rod C (1111), so that the centering mechanism arranged on the mounting seat (1110) is in the same axial direction as the hydraulic cylinder (5), and the coaxial positioning of the mold body (12), the hydraulic cylinder (5) and the reducer part (4) is completed. S5, coaxial detection operation; When the coaxial positioning of the mold body (12), the hydraulic cylinder (5) and the reducer parts (4) is completed, the coaxial state of the mold body (12) is detected by the infrared emitter (7) arranged on the hydraulic cylinder (5) cooperating with the infrared receiver (903) arranged in the floating seat (902), if it is in the coaxial state, then enter the next operation process, otherwise, the supporting mechanism (11) needs to be fine-tuned to ensure that the mold body (12), the hydraulic cylinder (5) and the reducer parts (4) are in the coaxial state; S6, assembly operation; After verifying that the mold body (12), the hydraulic cylinder (5) and the reducer parts (4) are in the coaxial state, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (5) is lowered to push the supporting ring (901) provided with the mold body (12) to move downward and squeeze a plurality of springs (905) arranged on the guide rod (904) to shrink, thereby completing the extrusion assembly of the two reducer parts (4) through the mold body (12), after the assembly is completed, a plurality of springs (905) push the supporting ring (901) to move upward along a plurality of guide rods (904) to complete the disengagement of the mold, after the assembly of the specified reducer parts (4) is completed, the assembly of the remaining parts can be performed again through S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6.

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