Double-wall steel cofferdam embedded in rock for deep-water bare rock drilling rectangular slot and its construction method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a deep-water bare rock punching and drilling rectangular groove rock-embedded double-walled steel cofferdam and a construction method, which uses a long-arm excavator to comprehensively and thoroughly excavate and clean the riverbed, especially the rectangular groove; controls the sinking and deviation correction of the double-walled steel cofferdam through compartment water injection and anchoring systems, symmetrically and evenly injects water into each compartment to allow the steel cofferdam blade to smoothly embed in the groove; finally, the foundation is cleared and the bottom is sealed with concrete. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: utilizing the operating advantages of the excavator, such as strong power, great force, fast speed, and high efficiency, not only achieves the purpose of cleaning riverbed garbage, but also reduces the steel cofferdam foundation clearing time and shortens the construction period; combined with an intelligent control system for construction control, improves the safety of construction personnel and construction efficiency, solves the problems of difficult and low efficiency construction of steel cofferdams in deep-water steep bare rock environments, and has significant economic, environmental and social benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of steel cofferdam construction, and in particular relates to a deep-water bare rock punching and drilling rectangular groove rock-embedded double-wall steel cofferdam and a construction method. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous expansion of global infrastructure construction, especially the emergence of cross-sea bridges and bridges across large rivers, deepwater foundation construction technology faces increasing challenges. Deepwater foundation projects are often located in locations with large water depths and complex geological conditions, such as bare rock riverbeds, strong wind and wave areas, and waters with special hydrological conditions. These environmental factors place extremely high demands on construction technology and equipment.

[0003] Traditional deepwater foundation construction technology has certain limitations in water level control, geological adaptability and construction efficiency. Especially when facing bare rock geological conditions, traditional cofferdam methods are often difficult to effectively fix and form a stable construction platform, which directly affects the subsequent bored pile construction and foundation construction. In recent years, double-walled steel cofferdam technology, as an innovative solution for deepwater foundation engineering, has gradually matured and been widely used. However, the existing double-walled steel cofferdam technology still has some key technical difficulties and challenges when dealing with deepwater bare rock geological conditions: the irregularity and hardness of bare rock geology put forward higher requirements on the rock embedding depth and blade foot design of the cofferdam, and more accurate calculation and design are required to ensure the stability and structural strength of the cofferdam; in deepwater environment, how to efficiently complete the sinking, rock embedding and closure of the cofferdam while controlling the construction cost is an urgent problem to be solved; in the process of deepwater construction, minimizing the impact on the water body and ecological environment and protecting the underwater biological habitat are also important aspects that must be considered in modern engineering; there are many risk factors faced by deepwater foundation construction, and ensuring the safety of construction workers is the top priority.

[0004] In view of the above problems, there is an urgent need for a new steel cofferdam technology that can effectively cope with deepwater bare rock location conditions to improve the efficiency, economy and safety of deepwater foundation construction while reducing the impact on the environment. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a deep-water bare rock drilling rectangular groove rock-embedded double-wall steel cofferdam and a construction method.

[0006] The construction method of the deep-water bare rock drilling rectangular slot rock-embedded double-wall steel cofferdam comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1, floating construction platform and lifting device;

[0008] S2, using a guide steel pipe to lower the steel casing from the construction platform, and using a lifting device to control the drilling rig to drill holes in the bare rock from the steel casing to obtain a rectangular embedding groove;

[0009] S3. Use the lifting device to lift the steel cofferdam in blocks, assemble the steel cofferdam layer by layer and then lower it;

[0010] S4. Use hand chain hoists to move the steel cofferdam horizontally, and use long-arm excavators to clean the rectangular grooves on the riverbed;

[0011] S5. The water injection and anchoring system of the steel cofferdam controls the sinking and deviation correction of the double-walled steel cofferdam, and then symmetrically and evenly injects water into each compartment to embed the blade foot of the steel cofferdam into the rectangular groove;

[0012] S6. Pour concrete in the compartment according to the strength, rigidity and anti-floating requirements of the steel cofferdam structure;

[0013] S7. Clean the sediment at the bottom of the riverbed, then use an air compressor and a sand pumping pipe to pump out sand piece by piece, and pour the bottom sealing concrete;

[0014] During the entire construction process, the intelligent control system adjusts and optimizes the construction progress through data monitoring and analysis.

[0015] Preferably, in step S2, digital imaging technology is used to conduct detailed detection and analysis of the rock surface, and drilling treatment and cofferdam rock embedding schemes are specified according to the rock surface characteristics of the bare rock. According to the rock surface analysis results, rectangular slot drilling is carried out.

[0016] Preferably, in step S2, the digital imaging technology is performed using underwater detection equipment, and the underwater detection equipment includes a multi-beam depth sounder or a side-scan sonar.

[0017] As a preferred method, the size, depth and specific specifications of the steel cofferdam of the drilled rectangular groove are designed in combination with the geological exploration data and rock surface analysis results, and the construction sequence and safety measures are planned; a drilling rig is used to drill a rectangular groove of a predetermined size on the rock surface of the riverbed.

[0018] Preferably, sensors are provided on both the inner and outer sides of the top of the steel cofferdam, and the sensors are connected to an intelligent control system; the intelligent control system monitors the surface state of the bare rock, the water pressure inside and outside the steel cofferdam, the deformation of the steel cofferdam, the displacement of the top of the steel cofferdam, the drilling depth and the status of the drilling rig.

[0019] Preferably, the intelligent control system adjusts and optimizes the construction process. When abnormal data is detected, the intelligent control system issues a reminder, adjusts the construction sequence or optimizes the construction steps to ensure personnel safety.

[0020] Preferably, the construction process described in step S2 and step S3 is specifically as follows: site survey and measurement, arrangement of a steel cofferdam assembly platform on a floating construction platform, punching and drilling of rectangular grooves, sinking of steel casing, positioning of the drilling rig, drilling of holes by the drilling rig, first hole cleaning and inspection, relocation of the drilling rig, lifting and lowering of the first section of the steel cofferdam, and inspection of the thickness of the sediment in the hole.

[0021] Preferably, the drilling rig described in S3 is hoisted by a crane to work, and the drilling rig includes a drill bit and a vibratory hammer. When the drilling rig is working, the drill bit is driven by the up and down reciprocating vibration of the upper vibratory hammer to excavate a rectangular groove.

[0022] A deep-water bare rock impact drilling rectangular slot rock-embedded double-wall steel cofferdam is obtained by any of the above methods.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] 1) The present invention adopts geological rock surface treatment technology for deep-water bare rock and inclined rock surface. Through precise rock surface treatment, unstable rock layers are reinforced, the risk of rock sliding is reduced, and construction safety is improved. Based on the characteristics of the rock surface, construction methods and materials are reasonably selected to reduce construction costs and improve engineering economy. The application of rock surface treatment technology can reduce construction delays caused by geological problems and accelerate project progress.

[0025] 2) The present invention uses deep-water bare rock digital imaging detection technology to obtain high-resolution rock layer images, helping engineers understand underground structures and improve design accuracy; identifying potential geological risks in advance, such as caves and faults, to avoid accidents during construction; digital information facilitates team collaboration and provides a scientific basis for construction decisions.

[0026] 3) The present invention adopts riverbed rectangular grooving technology. Through precise drilling, it ensures that the slot size meets the design requirements, improves the structural stability and bearing capacity; accurately controls the drilling range to reduce disturbance to the surrounding geological structure; and the efficient drilling technology shortens the construction period and speeds up the project progress.

[0027] 4) The present invention adopts compartment concrete pouring and surrounding sinking control technology. The uniform concrete pouring ensures the strength and sealing of the cofferdam structure. The intelligent system monitors the sensors inside and outside the top of the steel cofferdam to achieve smooth sinking of the cofferdam and reduce deviation.

[0028] 5) The present invention adopts the anchoring and removal technology of large boulders under deep water conditions to remove or fix large boulders and eliminate safety hazards during the construction process; the riverbed conditions after the boulders are treated are more conducive to construction, reducing the difficulty of construction; and avoiding construction stagnation caused by boulders. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is the construction flow chart of steel cofferdam of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the construction of the steel cofferdam of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the rectangular slot punching and drilling of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 This is a flow chart of the rectangular slot punching and drilling of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 It is a data detection and control schematic diagram of the intelligent control system of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of sensors of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the steel cofferdam of the present invention being inserted into a rectangular embedding groove and embedded in rock.

[0036] In the figure: 1. Floating construction platform; 2. Rectangular embedded groove; 3. Lifting device; 4. Steel cofferdam; 5. Bottom sealing concrete; 6. Blade foot filling; 7. Steel cofferdam compartment concrete; 8. Layered concrete pouring; 9. Water level line; 10. Bare rock; 11. Internal support; 12. Drill bit; 13. Steel casing; 14. Vibratory hammer; 15. Internal support rod; 16. Sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiments. The description of the following embodiments is only used to help understand the present invention. It should be noted that for ordinary persons in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can also be modified in some ways, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

[0038] Embodiment 1

[0039] As an example, Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment 1 proposes a construction method for a deep-water bare rock drilled rectangular groove rock-embedded double-wall steel cofferdam, which involves geological rock surface treatment technology for deep-water bare rock and inclined rock surface and deep-water bare rock digital imaging detection technology, riverbed drilled rectangular groove technology, anchoring and removal technology for large isolated rocks under deep water conditions, and compartment concrete pouring and surrounding sinking control technology.

[0040] The construction method of deep-water bare rock drilling rectangular groove rock-embedded double-wall steel cofferdam, in which an intelligent control system adjusts and optimizes the construction process through data monitoring and analysis during the entire construction process, specifically includes the following steps:

[0041] S1. Design and manufacture of double-wall steel cofferdam:

[0042] According to the construction plan of the cap, a double-wall design is carried out. Taking into account the positioning deviation of the steel cofferdam 4 during construction, the internal plane size of the steel cofferdam 4 is enlarged compared with the actual plane size of the cap. The steel cofferdam 4 is provided with multiple internal supports 11, and the uppermost internal support 11 is arranged above the cap elevation. Figure 2 shown.

[0043] S2. Assembly platform construction:

[0044] The floating construction platform 1 is set up. The floating construction platform 1 is the main body of the platform and is composed of a buoyancy box or a buoyancy barrel. The deck structure is located on the upper part of the floating structure. The platform is provided with a pillar and truss support system and a crane.

[0045] S3, rectangular slot punching and drilling:

[0046] Arrange the assembly platform as a construction platform, use the guide steel pipe to lower the steel casing 13 from the construction platform, and use the crane to use the professional underwater drilling rig to drill holes in the deep-water bare rock 10 from the steel casing 13; Figure 3 shown.

[0047] S4. Transportation by floating crane and transport vessel:

[0048] The 4 blocks of steel cofferdam that have passed the inspection are transported to the shore by truck, and the 4 blocks of steel cofferdam are hoisted onto the transport ship by the hoisting device 3. After arriving at the designated location, the 4 blocks of steel cofferdam are hoisted by the hoisting device 3 and positioned at the accurate construction location;

[0049] S5. Assemble and lower the steel cofferdam 4:

[0050] Before assembling and installing the steel cofferdam 4 in water, the three-layer cofferdam segments can be assembled into a whole in advance, and then transported to the underwater assembly platform in blocks. The relative angle position is used as the starting point for the installation of the cofferdam segments, and the segments are installed symmetrically in two directions simultaneously until the steel cofferdam 4 is completed. The first section of the steel cofferdam 4 is hoisted by the lifting device 3 and slowly placed on the assembly platform, and the spatial position and verticality of the steel cofferdam 4 are adjusted until they meet the design scheme, and then limited and locked.

[0051] After the first layer of steel cofferdam 4 is installed on the assembly platform, the first layer of steel cofferdam 4 is lowered by adopting the technical process of heavy-weight overall lifting and segmented self-floating installation of steel cofferdam 4. The templates of the next layer of steel cofferdam 4 are connected and lowered in sequence until the design and assembly of the entire steel cofferdam 4 are completed;

[0052] S6. Riverbed cleaning:

[0053] The platform and the four-corner hydraulic floating platform are set up to meet the needs of long-arm excavators for water operations. The hand chain hoist is used to translate the steel cofferdam 4, which is convenient for the long-arm excavator to thoroughly excavate and clean the riverbed, especially the rectangular embedded groove 2.

[0054] S7, steel cofferdam 4 sinking trough embedment:

[0055] The sinking and deviation correction of the double-walled steel cofferdam 4 is controlled by the compartment water injection and anchoring system to achieve the precise positioning of the double-walled steel cofferdam 4, and then water is symmetrically and evenly injected into each compartment to allow the blade foot of the steel cofferdam 4 to fit smoothly into the groove. During the sinking process of the double-walled steel cofferdam 4, a total station is used to monitor the deviation of the steel cofferdam 4 and correct the deviation in time to ensure that the steel cofferdam 4 always sinks at the designed position. When the blade foot approaches the bottom of the groove, an air compressor is used in conjunction with a sand extraction pipe to suck slag from the bottom of the blade foot, and then the final sinking is carried out to ensure that the blade foot is in close contact with the bedrock at the bottom of the rectangular groove 2;

[0056] S8. Pouring concrete for steel cofferdam compartment 7:

[0057] The steel cofferdam compartment concrete 7 is poured in the compartment of the double-walled steel cofferdam 4. The pouring process is based on the principle of symmetry and high consistency. The height of each steel cofferdam compartment concrete 7 should take into account the strength, rigidity and anti-floating requirements of the double-walled steel cofferdam 4 structure;

[0058] S9, Clearing the Base:

[0059] When clearing the foundation, the sediment at the bottom of the riverbed is first cleaned with a grab bucket, and then the air compressor is used with a sand pumping pipe to divide the grid area and pump sand piece by piece. After the foundation clearing operation is completed, the divers dive to the bottom of the riverbed to fully check the presence of sand and gravel on the bedrock surface, and use a measuring rope to fully measure the base elevation of the steel cofferdam 4 to ensure that the thickness of the bottom concrete 5 reaches the design value;

[0060] S10, concrete bottom seal:

[0061] The pouring process of the bottom seal concrete 5 must be carried out strictly in accordance with the underwater concrete construction process specifications. Before the first batch of bottom seal concrete 5 is poured, the volume of the first batch of concrete must be accurately calculated, a plan must be made, and a hopper and conduit with sufficient volume must be used to ensure that the conduit is buried in the concrete before pouring can continue.

[0062] Embodiment 2

[0063] As another embodiment, this embodiment 2 proposes, based on the embodiment 1, a more specific construction method of a deep-water bare rock punching rectangular groove rock-embedded double-wall steel cofferdam 4, such as Figure 5 As shown:

[0064] The geological rock surface treatment technology and deep-water bare rock digital imaging detection technology use digital imaging technology to conduct detailed detection and analysis of the rock surface, formulate rock surface treatment and cofferdam rock embedding plans, and carry out the next step of slot embedding and drilling work based on the rock surface analysis results;

[0065] Furthermore, the digital imaging technology may use underwater detection equipment such as multi-beam depth sounders and side-scan sonars;

[0066] The riverbed rectangular grooving technology combines geological exploration data and rock surface analysis results to design the size and depth of the rectangular groove 2 and the specific specifications of the cofferdam, and plans the construction sequence and safety measures. A special underwater drilling rig and other equipment are used to drill a rectangular groove of a predetermined size on the riverbed rock surface.

[0067] like Figure 6 As shown, sensors 16 are provided on the inner and outer sides of the top of the steel cofferdam 4, and the sensors 16 are connected to an intelligent control system; the data monitored by the intelligent control system include the surface state of the bare rock 10, the water pressure and deformation inside and outside the steel cofferdam 4, the displacement of the top of the steel cofferdam 4, the drilling depth and the drilling rig state.

[0068] The intelligent control system adjusts and optimizes the construction process. When abnormal data is detected, the intelligent control system will promptly remind, adjust the construction sequence or optimize the construction steps to ensure the safety of personnel.

[0069] The construction process of the rectangular slot punching and drilling described in S3 is: site survey and measurement → arrangement of the steel cofferdam 4 assembly platform for use and slot punching and drilling → steel casing 13 sinking → drilling rig in place → drilling rig drilling → first hole cleaning and inspection → drilling rig shifting → lifting the first section of steel cofferdam 4 and lowering it → inspecting the thickness of the sediment in the hole:

[0070] Furthermore, the professional underwater drilling rig described in S3 is hoisted by a crane to work. The drilling rig consists of a drill bit 12 and a vibrating hammer 14. When the drilling rig is working, the drill bit 12 is driven by the upper vibrating hammer 14 to vibrate up and down to perform groove excavation.

[0071] The underwater special drilling rig can start with a small-diameter pre-drilling to form a guide hole to provide guidance for subsequent large-diameter drilling. After that, the drill bit 12 suitable for the hardness of the rock formation is replaced and impact drilling begins. During the impact drilling process, the drill bit 12 repeatedly impacts the rock through gravity and mechanical force to break the rock formation. When the impact drilling reaches a predetermined depth, it may be necessary to use a reamer to expand the hole to ensure that the size of the slot meets the design requirements.

[0072] The positioning system is used to monitor the position and posture of the cofferdam in real time to ensure accurate positioning under complex hydrological conditions. The correction system automatically adjusts the posture of the cofferdam through hydraulic jacks and sensor networks to maintain its verticality and horizontal position and reduce deviations caused by water flow, wind and other factors.

[0073] The introduction of concrete pumping robots enables precise delivery and pouring of concrete through wireless remote control, reducing leakage and waste during concrete pouring. The automated system monitors the temperature, humidity and solidification state of concrete in real time to ensure the consistency of concrete quality and improve the durability and safety of the structure.

[0074] When the monitoring data of the intelligent control system exceeds the preset threshold, the early warning system is immediately activated, notifying the on-site management personnel through sound and light alarms and mobile communications, and taking prompt response measures to prevent accidents.

[0075] It should be noted that the parts in this embodiment that are the same or similar to those in the first embodiment can be referenced to each other and will not be described in detail in this application.

[0076] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

Claims

1. A construction method for deep-water bare rock drilling rectangular groove rock-embedded double-wall steel cofferdam, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, floating construction platform and lifting device; S2, using a guide steel pipe to lower the steel casing from the construction platform, and using a lifting device to control the drilling rig to drill holes in the bare rock from the steel casing to obtain a rectangular embedding groove; S3. Use the lifting device to lift the steel cofferdam in blocks, assemble the steel cofferdam layer by layer and then lower it; S4. Use hand chain hoists to move the steel cofferdam horizontally, and use long-arm excavators to clean the rectangular grooves on the riverbed; S5. The water injection and anchoring system of the steel cofferdam controls the sinking and deviation correction of the double-walled steel cofferdam, and then symmetrically and evenly injects water into each compartment to embed the blade foot of the steel cofferdam into the rectangular groove; S6. Pour concrete in the compartment according to the strength, rigidity and anti-floating requirements of the steel cofferdam structure; S7. Clean the sediment at the bottom of the riverbed, then use an air compressor and a sand pumping pipe to pump out sand piece by piece, and pour the bottom sealing concrete; During the entire construction process, the intelligent control system adjusts and optimizes the construction process through data monitoring and analysis; sensors are installed on the inside and outside of the top of the steel cofferdam, and the sensors are connected to the intelligent control system; the intelligent control system monitors the surface status of the bare rock, the water pressure inside and outside the steel cofferdam, the deformation of the steel cofferdam, the displacement of the top of the steel cofferdam, the drilling depth and the status of the drilling rig, and adjusts and optimizes the construction process. When the intelligent control system detects abnormal data, it will issue a reminder and adjust the construction sequence or optimize the construction steps to ensure the safety of personnel.

2. The construction method of deep-water bare rock drilling rectangular groove rock-embedded double-wall steel cofferdam according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S2, the rock surface is detected and analyzed in detail using digital imaging technology, and the drilling treatment and cofferdam rock embedding scheme are specified according to the rock surface characteristics of the bare rock. According to the rock surface analysis results, the rectangular groove drilling work is carried out.

3. The construction method of deep-water bare rock drilling rectangular groove rock-embedded double-wall steel cofferdam according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step S2, the digital imaging technology is performed using underwater detection equipment, which includes a multi-beam depth sounder or a side-scan sonar.

4. The construction method of deep-water bare rock drilling rectangular groove rock-embedded double-wall steel cofferdam according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Combined with geological exploration data and rock surface analysis results, the size, depth and specific specifications of the steel cofferdam are designed, and the construction sequence and safety measures are planned; a drilling rig is used to drill a rectangular slot of predetermined size on the rock surface of the riverbed.

5. The construction method of deep-water bare rock drilling rectangular groove rock-embedded double-wall steel cofferdam according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The construction process described in step S2 and step S3 is specifically as follows: site survey and measurement, arrangement of steel cofferdam assembly platform on floating construction platform, punching and drilling of rectangular groove, sinking of steel casing, positioning of drilling rig, drilling of hole by drilling rig, first hole cleaning and inspection, relocation of drilling rig, lifting and lowering of first section of steel cofferdam, and inspection of sediment thickness in the hole.

6. The construction method of deep-water bare rock drilling rectangular groove rock-embedded double-wall steel cofferdam according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drilling rig described in S3 is hoisted by a crane to work. The drilling rig includes a drill bit and a vibrating hammer. When the drilling rig is working, the drill bit is driven by the reciprocating vibration of the upper vibrating hammer to excavate a rectangular groove.

7. Deepwater bare rock drilling rectangular slot rock embedded double-wall steel cofferdam, characterized in that: Obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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