Mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device and use method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of mine surface monitoring technology, and mainly discloses a mine surface subsidence rock movement observation device and a method of using the device, including an outer casing, a handle fixedly installed at the top end of the outer casing, a motor sleeve fixedly installed at the top center of the outer casing, a sealing door installed at the bottom opening of the outer casing, a telescopic mechanism installed inside the outer casing, an observation assembly fixedly installed at the bottom end of the telescopic mechanism, and a positioning mechanism installed at one end of the inner part of the outer casing close to the motor sleeve. The present invention can directly insert the outer casing into a surface gap or a pre-prepared hole, and the positioning mechanism can be used to ensure the stability of the outer casing. At this time, the telescopic mechanism can be used to pop out the observation instrument from the inside of the outer casing to achieve observation, and the fan-shaped plate can be used synchronously with the anti-collision rod and the telescopic mechanism, and can be automatically opened when the observation instrument pops out of the outer casing, and automatically closed when the observation instrument is reset.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mine surface monitoring, and in particular to a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] A mine refers to an independent production and operation unit that mines ores with a certain mining area. A mine mainly includes one or more mining workshops (also called pits, mines, open pits, etc.) and some auxiliary workshops. Most mines also include ore dressing plants.

[0003] When mining, the terrain will be destroyed, both on the surface and underground. Therefore, mining is generally not allowed in places where humans live. During the mining process, changes in the terrain may cause surface subsidence. Underground mining may also cause rock movement and other phenomena. These phenomena will have an impact on the surrounding areas of the mining area. Therefore, observations are needed to ensure that possible environmental problems are observed and predicted.

[0004] Existing observation devices generally use probe-like devices to insert into the ground. Therefore, some holes are usually dug on the surface to facilitate the insertion of the observation device. Sometimes, the observation device is placed in existing surface cracks so that subsequent changes in the cracks or holes can be recorded. In order to ensure the stability between the observation device and the hole or crack, a device that can penetrate the inner wall of the crack is used to locate the observation device, or a structure that can stably position the observation device is installed on the surface. The latter observation device will be restricted in depth by the stabilizing mechanism on the surface, so the observation data takes priority. After the former observation device goes deep into the ground, a separate control device is required to control the positioning.

[0005] Currently, no effective solution has been proposed for the problems in the related technologies. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device and a method of using the same to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device comprises an outer casing, the top end of the outer casing is closed, a handle is fixedly installed on the top end of the outer casing, a motor sleeve is fixedly installed on the top center of the outer casing, a sealing door is installed at the bottom opening of the outer casing, a telescopic mechanism is installed inside the outer casing, an observation component is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the telescopic mechanism, a positioning mechanism is also installed at one end of the inner part of the outer casing close to the motor sleeve, an adjusting motor is provided inside the motor sleeve, an assembly sleeve is fixedly installed on the outside of the adjusting motor, the assembly sleeve passes through the top end of the outer casing, an adjusting shaft is fixedly installed on the end of the output shaft of the adjusting motor, and the end of the adjusting shaft away from the adjusting motor is fixedly connected by a coupling. The fixing mechanism comprises a fixing plate, the fixing plate being fixedly mounted inside the outer casing, an adjusting disk being arranged at the bottom of the fixing plate, the adjusting disk being mounted outside the adjusting shaft, a sliding groove being provided at an end surface of the fixing plate facing the adjusting disk, a sliding rod being inserted in the sliding groove, a guide column being rotatably mounted at the bottom of one end of the sliding rod facing the center of the adjusting disk, an arc plate being integrally provided at one end of the sliding rod away from the guide column, a support plate being fixedly mounted on a side of the arc plate away from the guide column, a mounting sleeve being provided at the center of the adjusting disk, the mounting sleeve being fixedly mounted on the adjusting shaft, the adjusting disk being provided with an arc hole, the arc hole being arranged on the adjusting disk in a scattered manner, and the guide column being slidably arranged in the arc hole, The telescopic mechanism includes a first sleeve, a second sleeve is coaxially arranged inside the first sleeve, a third sleeve is coaxially arranged inside the second sleeve, a cross plate is arranged at one end of the first sleeve close to the adjusting disk, the outer wall of the cross plate is connected to the top of the first sleeve through a fixing frame, a screw sleeve is fixedly installed through the center of the cross plate, and the screw sleeve is installed on the outside of the screw rod, a first sliding strip arranged along its length direction is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first sleeve, a first sliding rail is also fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outer casing, the first sliding rail is arranged along the length direction of the outer casing, the first sliding strip is slidably connected to the first sliding rail, and first notch grooves are also opened on the side walls at both ends of the first sleeve, and a first notch groove is rotatably installed in the first notch groove A pulley, two first pulleys colinearly arranged along the length direction of the first sleeve are connected through a first belt transmission, a first connecting block is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the outer casing, the first connecting block is arranged close to the sealing door, and the end of the first connecting block away from the inner side wall of the outer casing is fixedly connected to the first belt, a second slide rail arranged along its length direction is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the first sleeve, a second slide bar arranged along its length direction is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the second sleeve, the second slide bar is slidably connected to the second slide rail, a second connecting block is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the second sleeve, the second connecting block is arranged close to the cross plate, and the end of the second connecting block away from the outer side wall of the second sleeve is fixedly connected to the first belt.

[0009] Furthermore, a strip hole is opened on the outer wall of the outer casing, and the strip hole is arranged coplanar with the support plate. An air hole is also opened on the outer wall of the outer casing, and the air hole is arranged between the strip hole and the top end of the outer casing, and the air hole is arranged obliquely.

[0010] Furthermore, the sealing door includes a plurality of fan-shaped plates, on the outer side walls of the fan-shaped plates are fixedly mounted hinge ears, on the outer bottom of the outer casing are fixedly mounted hinge seats whose number is equal to and corresponds to the fan-shaped plates, on the hinge seats are fixedly mounted hinge shafts, one end of the hinge shaft away from the hinge seat is rotatably mounted on the hinge ear, and a torsion spring is also sleeved on the hinge shaft, one end of the torsion spring is fixedly mounted on the hinge seat, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly mounted on the hinge ear.

[0011] Furthermore, the observation assembly includes a mounting seat, which is fixedly mounted on the bottom end portion of the third sleeve, and a mounting plate is fixedly mounted on one end portion of the mounting seat away from the third sleeve, and an observation instrument is fixedly mounted on one end surface of the mounting plate away from the mounting seat, and an anti-collision rod is fixedly mounted on the outer side of one end surface of the mounting plate away from the mounting seat, and the number of the anti-collision rods is equal to the number of fan-shaped plates and corresponds one to one, and an extension slide rail is fixedly mounted on one end surface of the fan-shaped plate facing the inside of the outer casing, and when the fan-shaped plate is fully opened, the extension slide rail is colinearly arranged with the first slide rail, and a guide strip plate is also provided on one end of the extension slide rail away from the hinged ear, and the end of the guide strip plate away from the extension slide rail is fixedly mounted on the fan-shaped plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a through hole is opened in the center of the fixing plate, the adjusting shaft is set through the through hole, and the adjusting shaft is also rotatably installed in the through hole through a connecting bearing, a plug rod is fixedly inserted on the outer wall of the fixing plate, and the end of the plug rod away from the fixing plate passes through the side wall of the outer casing, and a positioning piece is also passed through the end of the plug rod passing through the inner part of the outer casing, and the positioning piece is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the outer casing, and a stop block is fixedly installed on the end of the guide column away from the sliding rod, and the two end ends of the support plate arranged along its length direction are hinged with extension plates, and a fixing block is fixedly installed on the side of the arc plate close to the sliding rod, and a tension spring is installed between the fixing block and the adjacent extension plate.

[0013] Furthermore, a top groove is provided on the inner side wall of the adjusting disk, and two adjacent top grooves are connected by a connecting groove. A blind hole is provided on the outer side wall of the mounting sleeve, and a top plate is provided in the blind hole. A top ball is fixedly installed on an end surface of the top plate facing the inner side wall of the adjusting disk, and the side of the top ball away from the top plate is tightly pressed against the top groove. A tightening spring is also provided in the blind hole, and the tightening spring is arranged between the top plate and the bottom wall of the blind hole.

[0014] Furthermore, a guide block is integrally provided on the outer side wall of the top plate, a guide groove is provided on the inner side wall of the blind hole along the length direction thereof, and the guide block is slidably arranged in the guide groove.

[0015] Furthermore, second notched grooves are provided on the side walls at both ends of the second sleeve, and second pulleys are rotatably installed in the second notched grooves. Two second pulleys colinearly arranged along the length direction of the second sleeve are connected through a second belt transmission. The second belt is located inside the second sleeve and a third connecting block is fixedly installed on it. An end of the third connecting block away from the second belt is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the first sleeve, and the third connecting block is arranged away from the cross plate. A fourth connecting block is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the third sleeve, and the fourth connecting block is arranged away from the mounting seat, and an end of the fourth connecting block arranged away from the outer wall of the third sleeve is fixedly connected to the second belt.

[0016] Furthermore, a third slide rail is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the second sleeve along its length direction, and a third slide bar is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the third sleeve along its length direction, and the third slide bar is slidably connected to the third slide rail.

[0017] A method for using the above-mentioned mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device is characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1. Use the lifting equipment to lift the outer casing through the handle and insert it into the surface gap that needs to be observed:

[0019] S2. Start the adjustment motor until the observation instrument is completely extended out of the outer casing and the support plate is tightly against the inner wall of the surface gap, and the lifting equipment is removed at the same time;

[0020] S3, start the observation instrument to observe the rock movement in the gap;

[0021] S4. After the observation is completed, connect the lifting device to the handle again and start the adjustment motor again until the observation instrument and the support plate are retracted into the outer casing;

[0022] S5. Use lifting equipment to recover the outer casing.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] The outer casing provided in the present invention can protect the observation instrument and prevent the observation instrument from being exposed when not in operation. When it is necessary to observe surface subsidence and rock movement, the outer casing can be directly inserted into a surface gap or a pre-prepared hole. The stability of the outer casing can be ensured by using a positioning mechanism. At this time, the observation instrument can be popped out of the outer casing by using a telescopic mechanism to achieve observation. The fan-shaped plate provided can be used synchronously with the anti-collision rod and the telescopic mechanism, and can be automatically opened when the observation instrument is popped out of the outer casing, and automatically closed when the observation instrument is reset.

[0025] The sliding rod provided in the present invention can drive the support plate to pass through the strip hole opened on the side wall of the outer casing, and then can contact with the inner wall of the surface gap or the hole excavated in advance, so as to locate the position of the outer casing, and the two ends of the support plate are also hingedly installed with extension plates, and the extension plates can perform a certain adaptive angle adjustment when the inner wall of the gap is irregular, thereby increasing the contact area of ​​the support plate and the extension plate with the side wall of the gap, and improving the stability of the outer casing. At the same time, the adjustment disk for adjusting the extension and retraction of the support plate is installed on the adjustment shaft through an assembly set, and the assembly set and the adjustment disk are connected by a tightening spring and a top ball. Such a structural design enables the telescopic mechanism to continue to extend and adjust when the support plate contacts the inner wall of the gap and the observation instrument has not reached the deepest point, thereby improving the observation effect.

[0026] The present invention arranges a first sleeve, a second sleeve and a third sleeve which can be synchronously extended and retracted according to the rotation adjustment of the screw rod, and an observation instrument installed at the end of the third sleeve can probe into the interior of the outer casing to observe the inside of the hole or the surface gap, and the extension and retraction of the three sleeves are synchronously driven by an adjustment motor for adjusting the support plate. Therefore, in actual use, it is only necessary to start the adjustment motor to realize automatic positioning of the outer casing and adjustment of the extension of the observation instrument. It is intelligent and simple, and the recovery process only requires reverse operation, which saves the time of adjustment and installation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 2 is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device in use according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of an outer casing in a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an outer casing in a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sealing door in a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fan-shaped plate in a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of an observation device in a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 It is an assembly diagram of a positioning mechanism and a telescopic mechanism in a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.11 It is a structural schematic diagram of a positioning mechanism in a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.12 It is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed plate in a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sliding rod in a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the structure of an adjustment plate in a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention

[0042] Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an adjustment disk in a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.16It is a structural schematic diagram of an installation sleeve in a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the outer wall mechanism of the mounting sleeve in a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.18 It is a schematic structural diagram of a top plate in a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.19 It is a structural schematic diagram of a telescopic mechanism in a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Fig. 20 It is a schematic structural diagram of a telescopic mechanism in a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device in an extended state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.21 It is a structural schematic diagram of a first sleeve in a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Fig. 22 It is a schematic structural diagram of a second sleeve in a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.23 It is a schematic structural diagram of a third sleeve in a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Reference numerals:

[0052] 1. Outer casing; 2. Handle; 3. Motor sleeve; 4. Sealing door; 5. Telescopic mechanism; 6. Positioning mechanism; 7. Observation assembly; 8. Articulated seat; 9. Strip hole; 10. Air vent; 11. Articulated shaft; 12. Torsion spring; 13. First slide rail; 14. Fan plate; 15. Articulated ear; 16. Extended slide rail; 17. Guide strip plate; 18. Mounting seat; 19. Mounting plate; 20. Observation instrument; 21. Anti-collision bar; 22. Adjustment motor; 23. Assembly set; 24. Adjustment shaft; 25. Fixed plate; 251. Slide groove; 252. Through hole; 26. Adjustment disk; 27. Coupling; 28. Screw rod; 29. ​​Insert rod; 30. Positioning piece; 31. Slide rod; 32. Guide column; 33. Stopper; 34. Arc plate; 35. Support plate; 36. Extension plate; 37, fixed block; 38, tension spring; 39, mounting sleeve; 40, arc hole; 41, top groove; 42, connecting groove; 43, blind hole; 44, top plate; 45, top ball; 46, tightening spring; 47, guide block; 48, guide groove; 49, first sleeve; 50, second sleeve; 51, third sleeve; 52, cross plate; 53, fixing frame; 54, screw sleeve; 55, first slide bar; 56, first notch groove; 57, first pulley; 58, first belt; 59, first connecting block; 60, second slide rail; 61, second slide bar; 62, second connecting block; 63, second notch groove; 64, second pulley; 65, second belt; 66, third connecting block; 67, third slide rail; 68, third slide bar; 69, fourth connecting block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] Below, the invention is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0054] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-9 , a mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises an outer casing 1, the top end of the outer casing 1 is closed, and a handle 2 is fixedly installed on the top end of the outer casing 1, a motor sleeve 3 is fixedly installed on the top center of the outer casing 1, a sealing door 4 is installed at the bottom opening of the outer casing 1, a telescopic mechanism 5 is installed inside the outer casing 1, and an observation component 7 is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the telescopic mechanism 5. The telescopic mechanism 5 can drive the observation component 7 to extend out of the outer casing 1 and then pass through the opened sealing door 4 to realize the observation of the inside of the surface gap. In order to further ensure the stability of the outer casing 1 in the surface gap, a positioning mechanism 6 is also installed at one end of the inner part of the outer casing 1 close to the motor sleeve 3, and the outer side of the positioning mechanism 6 can pass through the side wall of the outer casing 1 and then contact the rock wall inside the surface gap, thereby realizing the stable positioning of the outer casing 1.

[0055] In order to enable the sealing door 4 to be automatically opened according to the extension of the observation component 7, and automatically closed when the observation component 7 returns to the outer casing 1, in this embodiment, the sealing door 4 includes a plurality of fan-shaped plates 14, and a hinge ear 15 is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the fan-shaped plate 14. The outer bottom of the outer casing 1 is fixedly installed with hinge seats 8 that are equal to and one-to-one with the fan-shaped plates 14. A hinge shaft 11 is fixedly installed on the hinge seat 8. The end of the hinge shaft 11 away from the hinge seat 8 is rotatably installed on the hinge ear 15, and a torsion spring 12 is also sleeved on the hinge shaft 11. One end of the torsion spring 12 is fixedly installed on the hinge seat 8, and the other end of the torsion spring 12 is fixedly installed on the hinge ear 15. When the observation component 7 is extended, the end of the observation component 7 can push the fan-shaped plate 14. At this time, the fan plate 14 can be flipped around the hinge seat 8 through the hinge ear 15, thereby opening the bottom of the outer casing 1, so that the telescopic mechanism 5 can drive the observation component 7 to extend out of the outer casing 1 for observation.

[0056] In order to enable the positioning mechanism 6 to pass through the interior of the outer casing 1, in this embodiment, a strip hole 9 is opened on the outer wall of the outer casing 1, and the strip hole 9 is arranged coplanar with the positioning mechanism 6, and an air hole 10 is also opened on the outer wall of the outer casing 1, and the air hole 10 is arranged between the strip hole 9 and the top end of the outer casing 1, and the air hole 10 is arranged obliquely. In order to ensure that the telescopic mechanism 5 can stably telescope inside the outer casing 1, a first slide rail 13 is also fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outer casing 1, and the first slide rail 13 is arranged along the length direction of the outer casing 1. The observation component 7 includes a mounting seat 18, one end of the mounting seat 18 is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the telescopic mechanism 5, and an end of the mounting seat 18 away from the telescopic mechanism 5 is fixedly installed with a mounting plate 19, and the mounting plate 19 is far away An observation instrument 20 is fixedly installed on one end surface away from the mounting seat 18. In order to prevent the observation instrument 20 from colliding with the fan-shaped plate 14 when extended, an anti-collision rod 21 is fixedly installed on the outer side of one end surface of the mounting plate 19 away from the mounting seat 18. The number of anti-collision rods 21 is equal to the number of fan-shaped plates 14 and corresponds one to one. At the same time, in order to enable the fan-shaped plates 14 to be stably pushed open by the anti-collision rods 21 when opening, in this embodiment, an extension slide rail 16 is fixedly installed on one end surface of the fan-shaped plate 14 facing the inside of the outer casing 1, and when the fan-shaped plate 14 is fully opened, the extension slide rail 16 is arranged in the same line with the first slide rail 13, and a guide strip plate 17 is further provided on the end of the extension slide rail 16 away from the hinged ear 15, and the end of the guide strip plate 17 away from the extension slide rail 16 is fixedly installed on the fan-shaped plate 14. When the observation instrument 20 is driven by the telescopic mechanism 5 to extend out of the outer casing 1, the anti-collision rod 21 will first contact the extension slide rail 16, and then the anti-collision rod 21 will push the fan-shaped plate 14 to flip around the hinge seat 8. When the anti-collision rod 21 slides along the extension slide rail 16 and slides onto the guide plate 17, the fan-shaped plate 14 is almost fully opened, and the part where the telescopic mechanism 5 is slidably connected to the first slide rail 13 will contact the extension slide rail 16, thereby preventing the fan-shaped plate 14 from automatically closing when the observation instrument 20 is working, affecting the subsequent resetting of the observation instrument 20.

[0057] Through the above-mentioned scheme of the present invention, the outer casing 1 provided in the present invention can protect the observation instrument 20, and can prevent the observation instrument 20 from being in a naked state when not working. When it is necessary to observe the surface subsidence and rock movement, the outer casing 1 can be directly inserted into the surface gap or the pre-prepared hole, and the positioning mechanism 6 can be used to ensure the stability of the outer casing 1. At this time, the telescopic mechanism 5 can be used to pop the observation instrument 20 out of the outer casing 1 to achieve observation, and the fan-shaped plate 14 provided can be used synchronously with the anti-collision rod 21 and the telescopic mechanism 5, and can be automatically opened when the observation instrument 20 pops out of the outer casing 1, and automatically closed when the observation instrument 20 is reset.

[0058] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 1-18For the first embodiment, in order to enable the telescopic mechanism 5 and the positioning mechanism 6 to achieve automatic adjustment, in this embodiment, an adjusting motor 22 is provided inside the motor sleeve 3, and an assembly sleeve 23 is fixedly installed outside the adjusting motor 22, and the assembly sleeve 23 is arranged through the top of the outer casing 1, and an adjusting shaft 24 is fixedly installed at the end of the output shaft of the adjusting motor 22, and an end of the adjusting shaft 24 away from the adjusting motor 22 is fixedly connected with a screw rod 28 through a coupling 27, and the screw rod 28 is connected to the telescopic mechanism 5, and the positioning mechanism 6 includes a fixing plate 25, and the fixing plate 25 is fixedly installed inside the outer casing 1, and an adjusting disk 26 is provided at the bottom of the fixing plate 25, and the adjusting disk 26 is installed outside the adjusting shaft 24, and an end surface of the fixing plate 25 facing the adjusting disk 26 is provided. The guide post 32 is slidably mounted on the adjusting plate 26, and an arc-shaped hole 40 is formed on the adjusting plate 26 so as to prevent the guide post 32 from sliding out of the adjusting plate 26. The adjusting shaft 24 drives the adjusting disk 26 to rotate, and the adjusting disk 26 can drive the guide column 32 to move through the arc hole 40. The movement of the guide column 32 can drive the slide bar 31 to slide in the slide groove 251, and finally realize the position adjustment of the support plate 35.

[0059] In order to enable the fixing plate 25 to be stably installed inside the outer casing 1, in this embodiment, a through hole 252 is opened in the center of the fixing plate 25, and the adjusting shaft 24 is arranged to pass through the through hole 252, and the adjusting shaft 24 is also rotatably installed in the through hole 252 through a connecting bearing (not shown in the figure), and a plug rod 29 is fixedly inserted on the outer wall of the fixing plate 25, and the end of the plug rod 29 away from the fixing plate 25 passes through the side wall of the outer casing 1, and the end of the plug rod 29 passing through the inner part of the outer casing 1 is also penetrated by a positioning member 30, and the positioning member 30 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the outer casing 1, and a stopper 33 is fixedly installed on the end of the guide column 32 away from the sliding rod 31, and the two end ends of the support plate 35 arranged along the length direction thereof are hingedly connected with an extension plate 36, and a fixing block 37 is fixedly installed on the side of the arc plate 34 close to the sliding rod 31, and a tension spring 38 is installed between the fixing block 37 and the adjacent extension plate 36. When the outer casing 1 is inserted into the surface gap, the inner wall of the gap is an irregular shape, and the set extension plate 36 can be adaptively adjusted to a certain extent according to the shape of the inner wall of the gap through the tension spring 38, which can increase the overall fitting area between the support plate 35 and the extension plate 36 and the inner wall of the gap, thereby increasing the stability of the outer casing 1.

[0060] When the adjusting motor 22 drives the adjusting shaft 24 to rotate, the adjusting shaft 24 will synchronously drive the screw rod 28 to rotate, and the adjusting shaft 24 will adjust the sliding rod 31 through the adjusting disk 26 until the support plate 35 contacts the inner wall of the gap. In order to ensure that the telescopic mechanism 5 can continue to telescopically adjust when the support plate 35 contacts the inner wall of the gap, in this embodiment, a top groove 41 is provided on the inner side wall of the adjusting disk 26, and two adjacent top grooves 41 are connected by a connecting groove 42. A blind hole 43 is provided on the outer side wall of the mounting sleeve 39, and a top plate 44 is provided in the blind hole 43. A top ball 45 is fixedly installed on one end surface of the top plate 44 facing the inner wall of the adjusting disk 26, and the side of the top ball 45 away from the top plate 44 is tightly pressed against the top groove 41. A tightening spring 46 is also provided in the blind hole 43, and the tightening spring 46 is arranged between the top plate 44 and the bottom wall of the blind hole 43. When the support plate 35 is not in contact with the side wall of the gap, the rotation of the adjusting shaft 24 will drive the assembly sleeve 23 to rotate synchronously. The support plate 35 is not in contact with the side wall of the gap. The tightening spring 46 can tighten the top plate 44 through the bottom wall of the blind hole 43, and then make the top ball 45 at the end of the top plate 44 tightly against the top groove 41. At this time, the assembly sleeve 23 can use the interaction between the top ball 45 and the top groove 41 to drive the adjusting disk 26 to rotate synchronously, and the adjusting disk 26 can adjust the position of the slide rod 31 through the arc hole 40. When the side walls of the gap are in contact, the support plate 35 can be pressed against the side walls of the gap until the support plate 35 can no longer go deeper into the side walls of the gap, and the adjustment disk 26 can no longer be rotated and adjusted. If the telescopic mechanism 5 has not yet fully extended out of the outer casing 1, and the adjustment shaft 24 continues to rotate, the top groove 41 on the inner wall of the adjustment disk 26 will begin to exert a reverse force on the top ball 45 and squeeze the top spring 46 until the top ball 45 slides into the connecting groove 42. Therefore, the assembly sleeve 23 does not affect the continued telescopic movement of the telescopic mechanism 5. In order to enable the top ball 45 to be stably moved and adjusted along the length direction of the blind hole 43, a guide block 47 is integrally provided on the outer wall of the top plate 44, and a guide groove 48 is provided along the length direction of the blind hole 43 on the inner wall.

[0061] Through the above scheme of the present invention, the sliding rod 31 provided in the present invention can drive the support plate 35 to pass through the strip hole 9 opened on the side wall of the outer casing 1, and then can contact the inner wall of the surface gap or the pre-dug hole, so as to locate the position of the outer casing 1, and the two ends of the support plate 35 are also hingedly installed with extension plates 36, and the extension plates 36 can perform a certain adaptive angle adjustment when the inner wall of the gap is irregular, thereby increasing the contact area of ​​the support plate 35 and the extension plate 36 with the side wall of the gap, and improving the stability of the outer casing 1. At the same time, the adjustment disk 26 used to adjust the extension and retraction of the support plate 35 is installed on the adjustment shaft 24 through the assembly sleeve 23, and the assembly sleeve 23 and the adjustment disk 26 are connected by the tightening spring 46 and the top ball 45. Such a structural design can enable the telescopic mechanism 5 to continue to extend and adjust when the support plate 35 contacts the inner wall of the gap and the observation instrument 20 has not reached the deepest point, thereby improving the observation effect.

[0062] Example 3: Please refer to Figure 1-23 , for the first and second embodiments, in order to enable the adjusting motor 22 to adjust the telescopic state of the telescopic mechanism 5 while driving the adjusting disk 26 to rotate, in this embodiment, the telescopic mechanism 5 includes a first sleeve 49, a second sleeve 50 is coaxially arranged inside the first sleeve 49, a third sleeve 51 is coaxially arranged inside the second sleeve 50, and the mounting seat 18 is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the third sleeve 51, and a cross plate 52 is arranged at one end of the first sleeve 49 close to the adjusting disk 26, and the outer wall of the cross plate 52 is connected to the top of the first sleeve 49 through a fixing frame 53, and a screw sleeve 54 is fixedly installed through the center of the cross plate 52, and the screw sleeve 54 is installed on the outside of the screw rod 28. When the adjusting shaft 24 drives the screw rod 28 to rotate through the coupling 27, the screw rod 28 can drive the cross plate 52 to move inside the outer casing 1 through the screw sleeve 54, and a first slide bar 55 arranged along its length direction is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first sleeve 49. The first sleeve 49 is slidably connected to the first slide rail 13. First notch grooves 56 are also provided on the side walls at both ends of the first sleeve 49. A first pulley 57 is rotatably installed in the first notch grooves 56. The two first pulleys 57 arranged in a line along the length direction of the first sleeve 49 are connected by a first belt 58. A first connecting block 59 is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the outer casing 1. The first connecting block 59 is arranged close to the sealing door 4, and the end of the first connecting block 59 away from the outer casing 1 is fixedly connected to the first belt 58. A second slide rail 60 arranged along its length direction is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the first sleeve 49. A second slide bar 61 arranged along its length direction is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the second sleeve 50. The second slide bar 61 is slidably connected to the second slide rail 60. A second connecting block 62 is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the second sleeve 50. The second connecting block 62 is arranged close to the cross plate 52, and the end of the second connecting block 62 away from the second sleeve 50 is fixedly connected to the first belt 58.

[0063] When the first sleeve 49 is driven to move by the cross plate 52, the first sleeve 49 will drive the first belt 58 to move synchronously through the first pulley 57, and the first belt 58 is connected to the inner wall of the outer casing 1 through the first connecting block 59. Therefore, the movement of the first sleeve 49 will cause the first belt 58 to drive the first pulley 57 to rotate, and the first belt 58 is located inside the first sleeve 49 and is also connected to the outer wall of the second sleeve 50 through the second connecting block 62. Therefore, when the first belt 58 moves outside the first pulley 57, it will drive the second sleeve 50 to extend out of the first sleeve 49 through the second connecting block 62.

[0064] In order to enable the third sleeve 51 to extend out of the second sleeve 50, in the present embodiment, second notched grooves 63 are provided on the side walls at both ends of the second sleeve 50, and second pulleys 64 are rotatably installed in the second notched grooves 63. The two second pulleys 64 colinearly arranged along the length direction of the second sleeve 50 are connected through a second belt 65 for transmission. The second belt 65 is located inside the second sleeve 50 and a third connecting block 66 is fixedly installed thereon. The end of the third connecting block 66 away from the second belt 65 is fixedly installed on the inner side wall of the first sleeve 49, and the third connecting block 66 is arranged away from the cross plate 52. A fourth connecting block 69 is fixedly installed on the outer side wall of the third sleeve 51. The fourth connecting block 69 is arranged away from the mounting seat 18, and an end of the fourth connecting block 69 away from the third sleeve 51 is fixedly connected to the second belt 65. Following the same principle, when the second sleeve 50 is extended and retracted in the first sleeve 49, the second sleeve 50 will drive the second belt 65 to move through the second pulley 64 and the third connecting block 66. The second belt 65 will then drive the third sleeve 51 inside the second sleeve 50 to extend out of the second sleeve 50 through the fourth connecting block 69, so that the observer 20 at the end of the third sleeve 51 can be processed deep inside the gap.

[0065] In order to ensure that the third sleeve 51 can stably extend and retract inside the second sleeve 50, in this embodiment, a third slide rail 67 arranged along its length direction is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the second sleeve 50, and a third slide bar 68 arranged along its length direction is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the third sleeve 51, and the third slide bar 68 is slidably connected to the third slide rail 67.

[0066] Through the above-mentioned scheme of the present invention, the first sleeve 49, the second sleeve 50 and the third sleeve 51 are arranged in the present invention so as to realize synchronous extension and retraction according to the rotation adjustment of the screw rod 28, and the observation instrument 20 installed at the end of the third sleeve 51 can probe into the interior of the outer casing 1 to observe the inside of the hole or the surface gap, and the extension and retraction of the three sleeves are synchronously driven by the adjustment motor 22 for adjusting the support plate 35. Therefore, in actual use, it is only necessary to start the adjustment motor 22 to realize automatic positioning of the outer casing 1 and adjustment of the extension of the observation instrument 20. It is intelligent and simple, and the recovery process only needs to be reversed, which saves the time of adjustment and installation.

[0067] Embodiment 4: In order to reflect the actual use effect of the above-mentioned mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device, this embodiment also discloses a method for using the above-mentioned mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device, including the following steps:

[0068] S1. Use a lifting device to lift the outer casing 1 through the handle 2 and insert it into the surface gap to be observed:

[0069] S2, start the adjustment motor 22 until the observation instrument 20 is completely extended out of the outer casing 1, and the support plate 35 is tightly against the inner wall of the surface gap, and at the same time, remove the lifting equipment;

[0070] S3, start the observation instrument 20 to observe the rock movement in the gap;

[0071] S4, after the observation is completed, the lifting device is connected to the handle 2 again, and the adjustment motor 22 is started again, until the observation instrument 20 and the support plate 35 are retracted into the outer casing 1;

[0072] S5. Recover the outer casing 1 using a lifting device.

[0073] In order to facilitate understanding of the above technical solutions of the present invention, the working principle or operation mode of the present invention in the actual process is described in detail below.

[0074] The outer casing 1 provided in the present invention can protect the observation instrument 20 and prevent the observation instrument 20 from being exposed when not in operation. When it is necessary to observe surface subsidence and rock movement, the outer casing 1 can be directly inserted into a surface gap or a pre-prepared hole. The positioning mechanism 6 can ensure the stability of the outer casing 1. At this time, the telescopic mechanism 5 can be used to pop the observation instrument 20 out of the outer casing 1 to achieve observation. The fan-shaped plate 14 provided can be used synchronously with the anti-collision rod 21 and the telescopic mechanism 5, and can be automatically opened when the observation instrument 20 pops out of the outer casing 1, and automatically closed when the observation instrument 20 is reset.

[0075] The slide bar 31 provided in the present invention can drive the support plate 35 to pass through the strip hole 9 opened on the side wall of the outer casing 1, and then can contact the inner wall of the surface gap or the pre-dug hole, so as to locate the position of the outer casing 1, and the two ends of the support plate 35 are also hingedly installed with extension plates 36, and the extension plates 36 can perform a certain adaptive angle adjustment when the inner wall of the gap is irregular, thereby increasing the contact area of ​​the support plate 35 and the extension plate 36 with the side wall of the gap, and improving the stability of the outer casing 1. At the same time, the adjustment disk 26 used to adjust the extension and retraction of the support plate 35 is installed on the adjustment shaft 24 through the assembly sleeve 23, and the assembly sleeve 23 and the adjustment disk 26 are connected by the tightening spring 46 and the top ball 45. Such a structural design can enable the telescopic mechanism 5 to continue to extend and adjust when the support plate 35 contacts the inner wall of the gap and the observation instrument 20 has not reached the deepest point, thereby improving the observation effect.

[0076] The present invention arranges a first sleeve 49, a second sleeve 50 and a third sleeve 51 which can be synchronously extended and retracted according to the rotation adjustment of the screw rod 28, and the observation instrument 20 installed at the end of the third sleeve 51 can probe into the interior of the outer casing 1 to observe the inside of the hole or the surface gap, and the extension and retraction of the three sleeves are synchronously driven by the adjustment motor 22 for adjusting the support plate 35. Therefore, in actual use, it is only necessary to start the adjustment motor 22 to realize automatic positioning of the outer casing 1 and adjustment of the extension of the observation instrument 20. It is intelligent and simple, and the recovery process only needs to be reversed, which saves the time of adjustment and installation.

[0077] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms such as "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixation" and "screw-on" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise clearly defined, ordinary technicians in this field can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0078] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0079] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0080] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device, comprising an outer casing (1), a handle (2) and a motor sleeve (3) being mounted on the top of the outer casing (1), characterized in that: The outer casing (1) has an opening at the bottom and is provided with a sealing door (4). A telescopic mechanism (5) and a positioning mechanism (6) are provided inside the outer casing (1). An observation component (7) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the telescopic mechanism (5). When the telescopic mechanism (5) drives the observation component (7) to extend out of the outer casing (1) and pass through the opened sealing door (4), the observation component (7) can observe the inside of the surface gap. An adjusting motor (22) is installed inside the motor sleeve (3), and an assembly sleeve (23) is installed outside the adjusting motor (22) and is arranged to penetrate the top end of the outer casing (1). An adjusting shaft (24) is installed at the end of the output shaft of the adjusting motor (22), and a screw rod (28) is connected to the end of the adjusting shaft (24) via a coupling (27). The screw rod (28) is connected to the telescopic mechanism (5). The positioning mechanism (6) comprises a fixing plate (25) fixedly installed inside the outer casing (1), and an adjusting disk (26) installed outside the adjusting shaft (24) is provided at the bottom of the fixing plate (25). One end surface of the fixing plate (25) facing the adjusting disk (26) is opened. A slide groove (251) is provided, a slide rod (31) is inserted in the slide groove (251), a guide column (32) is rotatably installed at the bottom of one end of the slide rod (31) facing the center of the adjustment disk (26), an arc plate (34) is provided at one end of the slide rod (31) away from the guide column (32), a support plate (35) is fixedly installed on the side of the arc plate (34) away from the guide column (32), a mounting sleeve (39) fixedly installed on the adjustment shaft (24) is provided at the center of the adjustment disk (26), an arc hole (40) is opened on the adjustment disk (26), the arc hole (40) is scattered on the adjustment disk (26), and the guide column (32) is slidably arranged in the arc hole (40).

2. A mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the outer casing (1) is provided with a strip hole (9), the strip hole (9) being arranged coplanarly with the support plate (35), and the outer wall of the outer casing (1) is further provided with an air vent (10), the air vent (10) being arranged between the strip hole (9) and the top end of the outer casing (1), and the air vent (10) being arranged obliquely.

3. A mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing door (4) comprises a plurality of sector plates (14), and hinge ears (15) are fixedly mounted on the outer side walls of the sector plates (14). The outer bottom of the outer casing (1) is fixedly mounted with hinge seats (8) of the same number and one-to-one correspondence as the sector plates (14). A hinge shaft (11) is fixedly mounted on the hinge seat (8), and one end of the hinge shaft (11) away from the hinge seat (8) is rotatably mounted on the hinge ear (15). A torsion spring (12) is also sleeved on the hinge shaft (11), and one end of the torsion spring (12) is fixedly mounted on the hinge seat (8), and the other end of the torsion spring (12) is fixedly mounted on the hinge ear (15).

4. A mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The observation assembly (7) comprises a mounting seat (18) mounted at the bottom of the telescopic mechanism (5), a mounting plate (19) being fixedly mounted on one end of the mounting seat (18), an observation instrument (20) being fixedly mounted on one end surface of the mounting plate (19), an anti-collision rod (21) being fixedly mounted on the outer side of one end surface of the mounting plate (19) away from the mounting seat (18), the number of the anti-collision rods (21) being equal to the number of the fan-shaped plates (14) and corresponding one to one, an extension rail (16) being fixedly mounted on one end surface of the fan-shaped plate (14) facing the inside of the outer casing (1), and when the fan-shaped plate (14) is fully opened, the extension rail (16) is arranged in line with the first rail (13), and a guide plate (17) is further provided at one end of the extension rail (16) away from the hinged ear (15), and the guide plate (17) is fixedly mounted on the fan-shaped plate (14) at one end away from the extension rail (16).

5. The mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A through hole (252) for the adjustment shaft (24) to pass through is formed at the center of the fixing plate (25); an insertion rod (29) is fixedly inserted on the outer wall of the fixing plate (25); a positioning member (30) is passed through the end of the insertion rod (29) that passes through the interior of the outer casing (1); the positioning member (30) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the outer casing (1); a stopper (33) is fixedly mounted on the end of the guide column (32) away from the slide rod (31); both ends of the support plate (35) arranged along the length direction thereof are hingedly connected with extension plates (36); a fixing block (37) is fixedly mounted on a side of the arc plate (34) close to the slide rod (31); a tension spring (38) is installed between the fixing block (37) and the adjacent extension plate (36).

6. The mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A top groove (41) is formed on the inner side wall of the adjusting disk (26), and two adjacent top grooves (41) are connected via a connecting groove (42). A blind hole (43) is formed on the outer side wall of the mounting sleeve (39), and a top plate (44) and a tension spring (46) are provided in the blind hole (43). A top ball (45) is fixedly mounted on an end surface of the top plate (44) facing the inner side wall of the adjusting disk (26), and a side of the top ball (45) away from the top plate (44) is tightly pressed against the top groove (41), and the tension spring (46) is provided between the top plate (44) and the bottom wall of the blind hole (43).

7. The mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism (5) comprises a first sleeve (49), a second sleeve (50) is coaxially arranged inside the first sleeve (49), a third sleeve (51) is coaxially arranged inside the second sleeve (50), a transverse plate (52) is arranged at one end of the first sleeve (49) close to the adjustment disk (26), an outer side wall of the transverse plate (52) is connected to the top of the first sleeve (49) via a fixing frame (53), a screw sleeve (54) is fixedly installed through the center of the transverse plate (52), and the screw sleeve (54) is fixedly installed 54) is installed outside the screw rod (28), a first slide bar (55) arranged along the length direction of the first sleeve (49) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the first sleeve (49), a first slide rail (13) is also fixedly installed on the inner wall of the outer sleeve (1), the first slide rail (13) is arranged along the length direction of the outer sleeve (1), the first slide bar (55) is slidably connected to the first slide rail (13), and first notch grooves (56) are also opened on the side walls at both ends of the first sleeve (49), and the first notch grooves (56) are A first pulley (57) is rotatably mounted, and two first pulleys (57) arranged in a colinear manner along the length direction of the first sleeve (49) are connected to each other through a first belt (58). A first connecting block (59) is fixedly mounted on the inner side wall of the outer sleeve (1), and the first connecting block (59) is arranged close to the sealing door (4). One end of the first connecting block (59) away from the inner side wall of the outer sleeve (1) is fixedly connected to the first belt (58). A second slide rail (60) is arranged in the length direction, a second slide bar (61) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second sleeve (50) and arranged along the length direction thereof, the second slide bar (61) is slidably connected to the second slide rail (60), a second connecting block (62) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the second sleeve (50), the second connecting block (62) is arranged close to the transverse plate (52), and an end of the second connecting block (62) away from the outer wall of the second sleeve (50) is fixedly connected to the first belt (58).

8. The mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Second notched grooves (63) are provided on the side walls at both ends of the second sleeve (50), and second pulleys (64) are rotatably mounted in the second notched grooves (63). The two second pulleys (64) arranged in a colinear manner along the length direction of the second sleeve (50) are connected through a second belt (65). The second belt (65) is located inside the second sleeve (50) and a third connecting block (66) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the first sleeve (49), and the third connecting block (66) is arranged away from the cross plate (52). A fourth connecting block (69) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the third sleeve (51), and the fourth connecting block (69) is arranged away from the mounting seat (18). One end of the fourth connecting block (69) arranged away from the outer wall of the third sleeve (51) is fixedly connected to the second belt (65).

9. The mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A third slide rail (67) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the second sleeve (50) and is arranged along its length direction. A third slide bar (68) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the third sleeve (51) and is arranged along its length direction. The third slide bar (68) is slidably connected to the third slide rail (67).

10. A method for using the mine surface subsidence and rock movement observation device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Use a lifting device to lift the outer casing (1) through the handle (2) and insert it into the surface gap to be observed: S2, start the regulating motor (22) until the observation instrument (20) is completely protruded from the outer casing (1) and the support plate (35) is tightly against the inner wall of the gap on the ground surface, and at the same time, remove the lifting equipment; S3, starting the observation instrument (20) to observe the rock movement in the crack; S4, after the observation is completed, the lifting device is connected to the handle (2) again, and the adjustment motor (22) is started again, until the observation instrument (20) and the support plate (35) are retracted into the outer casing (1); S5. Recover the outer casing (1) using a lifting device.

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