A risk assessment method for hydraulic erosion of black soil based on daily precipitation

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of black soil hydraulic erosion risk assessment, and relates to a black soil hydraulic erosion risk assessment method based on daily precipitation. The present invention realizes accurate assessment of hydraulic erosion conditions of each sub-region of the target black soil by analyzing hydraulic erosion feedback indicators of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, which helps to give early warning to high-risk areas, give priority to their governance, reduce the occurrence of erosion disasters, improve governance efficiency and effect, ensure food security, maintain ecological balance, and promote ecological security. By analyzing the hydraulic erosion risk indicators of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, it helps to scientifically plan land use and agricultural production activities, effectively protect the ecological environment of black soil, maintain biodiversity, and facilitate early discovery of potential hydraulic erosion risks and taking preventive measures to reduce economic losses caused by soil erosion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of black soil hydraulic erosion risk assessment, and relates to a black soil hydraulic erosion risk assessment method based on daily precipitation. Background Art

[0002] Black soil is known as "one ounce of soil and two ounces of oil" and is one of the most fertile soils in the world. Its deep humus layer and fertile soil texture provide rich nutrients for the growth of crops, making black soil a high-quality farmland with high and stable yields. Black soil is not only a high-quality planting base for a variety of crops, but also a habitat for a variety of biological species. They regulate the climate and environment by storing carbon and retaining water, and play an important role in maintaining biodiversity. As a natural ecosystem with rich biodiversity and unique ecological functions, black soil plays an irreplaceable role in maintaining regional climate stability, hydrological cycle and other natural processes. Therefore, the hydraulic erosion risk analysis and assessment system for black soil plays a very important role.

[0003] In the prior art, there are also some solutions related to hydraulic erosion of black soil. For example, the invention patent application of a soil and water conservation erosion calculation system with the Chinese patent application publication number CN112328948A includes: a hydraulic erosion module, which calculates the hydraulic erosion modulus according to the rainfall erosivity factor, soil erodibility factor, slope length factor, slope factor, vegetation coverage and biological measures factor, engineering measures factor and tillage measures factor; a wind erosion module, which calculates the wind erosion modulus according to the wind factor, topsoil moisture factor, vegetation coverage and roughness factor; an erosion intensity module, which calculates the hydraulic soil erosion intensity of each grid in the remote sensing image of the area to be evaluated according to the hydraulic erosion modulus and the hydraulic erosion correction coefficient; and also calculates the wind soil erosion intensity of each grid in the remote sensing image of the area to be evaluated according to the wind erosion module. Therefore, not only can the hydraulic erosion modulus, wind erosion modulus, hydraulic soil erosion intensity and wind soil erosion intensity be calculated quickly and accurately, the operation is simple and fast, and the results are presented more intuitively.

[0004] Although the above scheme proposes some solutions to the hydraulic erosion of black soil, it still has certain limitations: on the one hand, the existing scheme analyzes the erosion intensity of wind on soil, but the existing scheme lacks accurate assessment of the risk status of hydraulic erosion of black soil, so it is impossible to give early warning to high-risk areas and give priority to their treatment, which is not conducive to reducing the occurrence of erosion disasters and improving the efficiency and effectiveness of treatment.

[0005] On the other hand, the existing plan ignores the detection and analysis of the hydraulic erosion risk of black soil, making it impossible to obtain its hydraulic erosion warning level, which is not conducive to the scientific planning of land use and agricultural production activities, and cannot reduce the damage to black soil caused by human factors. As a result, it is impossible to detect potential hydraulic erosion risks in advance and take preventive measures, and it is impossible to protect the ecological environment of black soil and maintain biodiversity. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, in order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, a black soil hydraulic erosion risk assessment method based on daily precipitation is proposed.

[0007] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a black soil hydraulic erosion risk assessment method based on daily precipitation, including: S1, black soil hydraulic erosion detection: used to record the detected black soil area as the target black soil, further divide it into sub-areas belonging to the target black soil, and then detect it to obtain the hydraulic erosion data of each sub-area belonging to the target black soil.

[0008] S2. Analysis of hydraulic erosion of black soil: Analyze the hydraulic erosion feedback indicators of each sub-region of the target black soil, and obtain the hydraulic erosion risk area level of each sub-region of the target black soil, where the hydraulic erosion risk area level includes high risk, medium risk and low risk.

[0009] S3. Black soil basic data detection: used to obtain the basic data of each sub-area of ​​the target black soil, including basic precipitation data, basic terrain data, basic soil data and basic vegetation data.

[0010] S4. Analysis of basic data of black soil: Analyze the precipitation risk index, terrain risk index, soil risk index and vegetation risk index of each sub-region of the target black soil, and then obtain the hydraulic erosion risk index of each sub-region of the target black soil, and obtain the hydraulic erosion warning level of each sub-region of the target black soil, among which the hydraulic erosion warning levels include Level I, Level II, Level III and Level IV.

[0011] S5. Hydraulic erosion management: Based on the hydraulic erosion risk area level and hydraulic erosion warning level of each sub-region of the target black soil, each sub-region of the target black soil is managed.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention obtains the hydraulic erosion data of each sub-area to which the target black soil belongs and the basic data of each sub-area to which the target black soil belongs, thereby providing solid data support for subsequent erosion mechanism analysis, risk assessment and formulation of control measures.

[0013] 2. The present invention analyzes the hydraulic erosion feedback indicators of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, and obtains the hydraulic erosion risk area level of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, thereby realizing an accurate assessment of the hydraulic erosion conditions of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, which helps to provide early warning for high-risk areas and give priority to their management, thereby reducing the occurrence of erosion disasters, improving management efficiency and effectiveness, ensuring food security, maintaining ecological balance, and promoting ecological security.

[0014] 3. The present invention analyzes the hydraulic erosion risk indicators of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, and obtains the hydraulic erosion warning level of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, which helps to scientifically plan land use and agricultural production activities, reduce the damage to black soil caused by human factors, effectively protect the ecological environment of black soil, maintain biodiversity, and facilitate early detection of potential hydraulic erosion risks and taking preventive measures, thereby reducing economic losses caused by soil erosion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram for implementing the method steps of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of black soil hydraulic erosion according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] See also Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a black soil hydraulic erosion risk assessment method based on daily precipitation, and the specific steps are as follows: S1, black soil hydraulic erosion detection: used to record the detected black soil area as target black soil, further divide it into sub-areas belonging to the target black soil, and then detect it to obtain hydraulic erosion data of each sub-area belonging to the target black soil.

[0020] It is necessary to further explain that the schematic diagram of hydraulic erosion of the target black soil is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0021] It needs to be further explained that the specific method of dividing the target black soil into the sub-regions to which the target black soil belongs is: dividing the target black soil into the target black soil according to the rural areas in the towns where the target black soil is located, and further dividing the target black soil into the sub-regions to which the target black soil belongs.

[0022] In a specific example, the target black soil includes town Three rural areas and town The target black soil is divided into four rural areas: and Sub-regions are collectively referred to as the sub-regions to which the target black soil belongs.

[0023] As a preferred feasible embodiment, the hydraulic erosion data of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs includes the number of surface erosion regions and the area of ​​each surface erosion region, as well as the number of gully erosions and the size information of each gully erosion.

[0024] It should be further explained that the reason why the number of surface erosion areas and the area of ​​each surface erosion area, as well as the number of gully erosion and the size of each gully erosion area are used as the hydraulic erosion data of each sub-region of the target black soil is: (1) Surface erosion is an important form of soil erosion, which is manifested as uniform or relatively uniform erosion of the soil surface under the action of rainfall, runoff, etc. By counting the number and area of ​​surface erosion areas, the scope and severity of hydraulic erosion in each sub-region of the target black soil can be intuitively reflected.

[0025] (2) Gully erosion is another important form of soil erosion, which is manifested as gullies formed by rainfall, runoff, etc. Gully erosion not only increases the rate of soil erosion, but may also lead to the loss of soil nutrients and a decrease in land productivity. By counting the number of gullies and measuring the size of each gully, we can gain a deeper understanding of the distribution and erosion intensity of gully erosion in each sub-region of the target black soil.

[0026] It needs to be further explained that the specific method of obtaining the number of surface erosion areas and the area of ​​each surface erosion area as well as the number of gully erosions and the size of each gully erosion in each sub-area belonging to the target black soil is: using the deployed drones to obtain the remote sensing images of each sub-area belonging to the target black soil, and further directly extracting the number of surface erosion areas and the area of ​​each surface erosion area as well as the number of gully erosions and the size of each gully erosion in each sub-area belonging to the target black soil.

[0027] The groove erosion dimension information includes but is not limited to groove erosion length, groove erosion width and groove erosion depth.

[0028] S2. Analysis of hydraulic erosion of black soil: Analyze the hydraulic erosion feedback indicators of each sub-region of the target black soil, and obtain the hydraulic erosion risk area level of each sub-region of the target black soil, where the hydraulic erosion risk area level includes high risk, medium risk and low risk.

[0029] As a preferred feasible embodiment, the hydraulic erosion feedback index of each sub-region of the target black soil includes: extracting the gully erosion size information of each sub-region of the target black soil, and comparing it with the preset permissible gully erosion size information under the condition that does not affect the use of the black soil, so as to obtain the gully erosion size contrast of each sub-region of the target black soil. ,in , is the number of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, is the number of sub-regions to which the target black soil belongs, , is the number of each groove erosion, is the amount of groove erosion.

[0030] It should be further explained that the specific method for obtaining the gully erosion size contrast of each sub-region of the target black soil is as follows: extract the gully erosion length, gully erosion width and gully erosion depth of each sub-region of the target black soil, and record them as , analyze the contrast of gully erosion size in each sub-area of ​​the target black soil ,in They are respectively the allowable gully erosion length, allowable gully erosion width and allowable gully erosion depth under the conditions that do not affect the use of black soil.

[0031] The number of surface erosion areas, the area of ​​each surface erosion area, and the number of gully erosion in each sub-region of the target black soil are extracted and recorded as ,in , is the number of each erosion area.

[0032] Analyze the hydraulic erosion feedback indicators of each sub-region of the target black soil ,in They are respectively the preset allowable surface erosion area and allowable gully erosion size contrast under the conditions that do not affect the use of black soil.

[0033] As a preferred feasible embodiment, the hydraulic erosion risk area level of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs is specifically obtained in the following manner: extracting the hydraulic erosion feedback index of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, and matching it with the hydraulic erosion feedback index range corresponding to each hydraulic erosion risk area level stored in the database, so as to obtain the hydraulic erosion risk area level of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs.

[0034] The present invention analyzes the hydraulic erosion feedback indicators of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, and obtains the hydraulic erosion risk area level of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, thereby realizing an accurate assessment of the hydraulic erosion conditions of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, which helps to provide early warning for high-risk areas and give priority to their management, thereby reducing the occurrence of erosion disasters, improving management efficiency and effectiveness, ensuring food security, maintaining ecological balance, and promoting ecological security.

[0035] S3. Black soil basic data detection: used to obtain the basic data of each sub-area of ​​the target black soil, including basic precipitation data, basic terrain data, basic soil data and basic vegetation data.

[0036] As a preferred feasible embodiment, the basic precipitation data of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs includes daily precipitation and daily precipitation intensity.

[0037] It is necessary to further explain that the reason why daily precipitation and daily precipitation intensity are used as the basic precipitation data for each sub-region of the target black soil is as follows: (1) Daily precipitation refers to the depth of liquid and solid precipitation that falls from the sky to the ground on a certain day and accumulates on the horizontal surface without evaporation, infiltration, or loss. This data directly reflects the total amount of precipitation in each sub-region of the target black soil in a specific period of time and is a basic indicator for evaluating precipitation conditions.

[0038] (2) Daily precipitation intensity further measures the concentration and intensity of precipitation, that is, the amount of precipitation per unit time. This data helps to understand the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of precipitation, as well as the impact of precipitation on soil erosion, crop growth, etc.

[0039] It needs to be further explained that the specific method of obtaining the daily precipitation and daily precipitation intensity of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs is: directly extracting the daily precipitation of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs from the meteorological center.

[0040] The frequency of each daily precipitation interval of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs is directly extracted from the meteorological center, and the daily precipitation interval of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs with the largest frequency is screened out. It is recorded as the intensity daily precipitation interval of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, and it is matched with the intensity daily precipitation interval corresponding to the daily precipitation intensities stored in the database to obtain the daily precipitation intensity of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs.

[0041] The basic terrain data of each sub-area to which the target black soil belongs include slope, slope length and slope aspect angle.

[0042] It should be further explained that the reasons for using slope, slope length and slope angle as the basic terrain data of each sub-region of the target black soil are: (1) Slope refers to the ratio of the vertical height of the slope to the horizontal distance. Slope is one of the important factors affecting soil erosion. The greater the slope, the faster the water flow, and the easier it is for soil particles to be washed away, resulting in increased soil and water loss. In the protection of black soil, understanding the slope distribution helps to identify areas prone to erosion and take corresponding soil and water conservation measures.

[0043] (2) Slope length refers to the distance that water flows along the slope. A longer slope length means that the water flow has greater potential energy and is more likely to form runoff and erode the soil. In black soil protection, understanding slope length helps to assess the potential impact of runoff on soil erosion.

[0044] (3) Slope angle refers to the angle corresponding to the direction of the terrain slope, usually expressed as azimuth, that is, the angle difference between the slope direction rotating in the clockwise direction and the north direction. The slope angle affects the reception of solar radiation and the temperature distribution on the surface. The sunny slope receives more solar radiation and the surface temperature is higher. The opposite is true for the shady slope. This will affect soil water evaporation, vegetation growth and soil microbial activity.

[0045] It needs to be further explained that the specific method of obtaining the slope, slope length and slope aspect angle of each sub-area belonging to the target black soil is: using the deployed drones to detect each sub-area belonging to the target black soil, obtaining the digital elevation model of each sub-area belonging to the target black soil, and further directly extracting the slope, slope length and slope aspect angle of each sub-area belonging to the target black soil.

[0046] The basic soil data of each sub-region of the target black soil include soil texture influence index, soil porosity and soil permeability coefficient.

[0047] It is necessary to further explain that the reasons for using soil texture, soil porosity and soil permeability as the basic soil data for each sub-region of the target black soil are as follows: (1) Soil texture refers to the relative proportion of particles of different sizes in the soil, such as sand, silt and clay. It directly affects the soil's water retention capacity, aeration, fertility and stability of soil structure.

[0048] (2) Soil porosity is an important indicator that describes the proportion of pore volume in the soil to the total volume. It directly affects the soil's air permeability, water permeability, and water and fertilizer retention capacity. The soil porosity of black soil is moderate, which not only ensures good air permeability but also avoids excessive water loss.

[0049] (3) Soil permeability coefficient is an important indicator to describe soil water permeability. It indicates the amount of water that passes through a unit area of ​​soil per unit time under a unit hydraulic gradient. The size of the soil permeability coefficient mainly depends on factors such as soil texture, soil structure and soil water content. Due to its deep humus layer and high organic matter content, black soil has formed a good aggregate structure between soil particles, which is conducive to water penetration and retention.

[0050] It needs to be further explained that the specific method of obtaining the soil texture influence index of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs is: randomly sampling soil in each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, and obtaining soil samples of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs.

[0051] A certain weight of soil samples from each sub-region of the target black soil is taken as soil texture measurement samples for each sub-region of the target black soil, and the samples are sieved to remove coarse particles. The soil texture measurement samples for each sub-region of the target black soil with large particles removed are further dissolved in a solution with a density greater than water to obtain a soil texture measurement suspension for each sub-region of the target black soil. The suspension is centrifuged to obtain a stratified soil texture measurement suspension for each sub-region of the target black soil, and the suspension is matched with the stratified soil texture measurement suspensions corresponding to each soil texture influence index stored in the database to obtain the soil texture influence index for each sub-region of the target black soil.

[0052] It needs to be explained that the greater the proportion of clay particles and the smaller the proportion of sand particles in the soil texture measurement samples of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, the greater the soil texture influence index of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs.

[0053] The specific method for obtaining the soil porosity of each sub-region of the target black soil is as follows: a certain weight is taken from the soil samples of each sub-region of the target black soil as the soil porosity measurement samples of each sub-region of the target black soil, and the soil porosity measurement samples of each sub-region of the target black soil are sieved to remove coarse particles, and the soil porosity measurement samples of each sub-region of the target black soil with large particles removed are further compacted in a container of known volume, and dried and weighed to obtain the total mass of the soil porosity measurement samples of each sub-region of the target black soil with large particles removed and the container of known volume. ,in , is the number of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, is the number of sub-regions to which the target black soil belongs, according to the analytical formula Get the soil porosity of each sub-area of ​​the target black soil ,in is the mass of a container of known volume, is the volume of a container of known volume, is the set particle density.

[0054] It should be explained that the set particle density is usually taken as 2.65g / cm³ as a reference value.

[0055] The specific method for obtaining the soil permeability coefficient of each sub-region of the target black soil is as follows: a certain weight is taken from the soil samples of each sub-region of the target black soil as the soil permeability coefficient measurement samples of each sub-region of the target black soil, and the samples are sieved to remove coarse particles, and the soil permeability coefficient measurement samples of each sub-region of the target black soil with large particles removed are further placed in a drop weight permeameter for measurement, and the water flow rate of the soil permeability measurement samples of each sub-region of the target black soil with large particles removed during the measurement process, the length of the soil sample, the cross-sectional area of ​​the soil sample, the water head difference and the time required for water to flow out are recorded, respectively, as .

[0056] According to the analytical formula Get the soil permeability coefficient of each sub-area of ​​the target black soil .

[0057] The basic vegetation data of each sub-region of the target black soil includes the vegetation type impact index and vegetation coverage.

[0058] It should be further explained that the reason why the vegetation type impact index and vegetation coverage are used as the basic vegetation data of each sub-region of the target black soil is: (1) Different vegetation types have different protective effects on the soil. For example, forest vegetation, due to its dense root system and lush branches and leaves, can effectively fix the soil and reduce the erosion of the soil by water flow. Although grassland vegetation has a weaker protective effect, it can also slow down the speed of water flow and reduce the degree of erosion to a certain extent. Therefore, understanding the vegetation type impact index of each sub-region is helpful to evaluate the soil and water conservation capacity and potential soil erosion risk of the region.

[0059] (2) Vegetation coverage is an important indicator for measuring the status of surface vegetation, which directly reflects the quality of the ecological environment. Vegetation coverage is closely related to soil erosion risk. Generally speaking, the higher the vegetation coverage, the lower the soil erosion risk. Conversely, the lower the vegetation coverage, the higher the soil erosion risk. Therefore, by measuring the vegetation coverage of each sub-area, the soil erosion risk of the area can be assessed, providing a basis for formulating prevention and control measures.

[0060] It needs to be further explained that the specific method of obtaining the vegetation type impact index and vegetation coverage of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs is: use the deployed drones to detect each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, obtain the remote sensing images of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, and further directly obtain the vegetation type and vegetation coverage area of ​​each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs.

[0061] The vegetation types of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs are matched with the vegetation type impact index corresponding to each vegetation type stored in the database to obtain the vegetation type impact index of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs.

[0062] The vegetation coverage area of ​​each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs is divided by the total area, and the quotient is recorded as the vegetation coverage of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs.

[0063] The present invention provides solid data support for subsequent erosion mechanism analysis, risk assessment and formulation of control measures by obtaining hydraulic erosion data of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs and basic data of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs.

[0064] S4. Analysis of basic data of black soil: Analyze the precipitation risk index, terrain risk index, soil risk index and vegetation risk index of each sub-region of the target black soil, and then obtain the hydraulic erosion risk index of each sub-region of the target black soil, and obtain the hydraulic erosion warning level of each sub-region of the target black soil, among which the hydraulic erosion warning levels include Level I, Level II, Level III and Level IV.

[0065] As a preferred feasible embodiment, the precipitation risk index of each sub-region of the target black soil is specifically analyzed by extracting the daily precipitation and daily precipitation intensity of each sub-region of the target black soil, respectively recorded as ,in , is the number of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, is the number of sub-regions to which the target black soil belongs, and the precipitation risk index of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs is analyzed ,in are the maximum daily precipitation and maximum daily precipitation intensity extracted from the database without hydraulic erosion, is a natural constant.

[0066] As a preferred feasible embodiment, the terrain risk index of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs is specifically analyzed in the following manner: extracting the slope, slope length and slope angle of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, and recording them as , analyze the terrain risk indicators of each sub-region of the target black soil ,in are the maximum slope and maximum slope length extracted from the database without hydraulic erosion. The target black soil extracted from the database belongs to The reference slope angle of each sub-area is is the allowable difference between the set slope angle and the reference slope angle, are the weight coefficients of the terrain risk index corresponding to the set slope, slope length and slope aspect angle, and .

[0067] A specific example, .

[0068] The slope is a direct reflection of the steepness of the surface unit. The greater the slope, the worse the stability of the surface, and the more likely it is to have geological disasters such as landslides and collapses. The slope contributes more to the terrain risk. Therefore, the weight coefficient of the terrain risk index corresponding to the slope is assigned to 0.45.

[0069] The longer the slope, the larger its catchment area is. This means that under natural conditions such as rainfall, the speed and amount of water flow will increase, so that longer slopes are more susceptible to water erosion, leading to soil loss and changes in surface morphology, which in turn affects the stability of the terrain and the ecological environment. Therefore, the weight coefficient of the terrain risk index corresponding to the slope length is assigned to 0.35.

[0070] The aspect angle directly affects the light conditions on the surface, which in turn affects the vegetation growth and vegetation type of black soil. However, it is not the main factor for terrain risk. Therefore, the weight coefficient of the terrain risk index corresponding to the aspect angle is assigned to 0.2.

[0071] As a preferred feasible embodiment, the soil risk index of each sub-region of the target black soil is specifically analyzed by extracting the soil texture influence index, soil porosity and soil permeability coefficient of each sub-region of the target black soil, which are respectively recorded as , analyze the soil risk indicators of each sub-region of the target black soil ,in are the minimum soil texture impact index and minimum soil permeability coefficient extracted from the database under the condition of no hydraulic erosion, The target black soil extracted from the database belongs to The reference soil porosity of each sub-area, It is the allowable difference between the set soil porosity and the reference soil porosity.

[0072] As a preferred feasible embodiment, the vegetation risk index of each sub-region of the target black soil is specifically analyzed by extracting the vegetation type impact index and vegetation coverage of each sub-region of the target black soil, which are recorded as , analyze the vegetation risk indicators of each sub-region of the target black soil ,in The minimum vegetation type impact index and minimum vegetation cover under conditions where no hydraulic erosion occurs were extracted from the database respectively.

[0073] As a preferred feasible embodiment, the specific analysis method of the hydraulic erosion risk index of each sub-region of the target black soil includes: extracting the terrain risk index, soil risk index and vegetation risk index of each sub-region of the target black soil, and analyzing the hydraulic erosion risk index according to the analysis formula Obtain the hydraulic erosion risk influencing factors of each sub-region of the target black soil ,in They are the weight factors of the hydraulic erosion risk influencing factors corresponding to the set terrain risk index, soil risk index and vegetation risk index respectively.

[0074] It needs further explanation that .

[0075] Topography is a key factor in determining the direction and speed of water flow. Steep slopes accelerate water flow and increase the scouring force of water on the soil, thereby exacerbating hydraulic erosion. Topography plays a vital role in the process of hydraulic erosion. Therefore, the weight factor of the hydraulic erosion risk influencing factor corresponding to the terrain risk index is assigned a value of 0.5.

[0076] The physical properties of soil directly affect its ability to resist erosion. For example, loose and easily dispersed soil is more susceptible to hydraulic erosion. Therefore, the weight factor of the hydraulic erosion risk impact factor corresponding to the soil risk index is assigned a value of 0.3.

[0077] Vegetation can slow down the speed of water flow and increase the roughness of the surface, thereby reducing the scouring force of water flow on the soil. The root system of vegetation can also fix the soil and improve the soil's ability to resist erosion. The degree of vegetation coverage directly affects the intensity of soil erosion. Vegetation with high coverage can more effectively protect the soil from the influence of hydraulic erosion. Therefore, the weight factor of the hydraulic erosion risk influencing factor corresponding to the vegetation risk index is assigned a value of 0.2.

[0078] Extract precipitation risk indicators for each sub-region of the target black soil.

[0079] Analyze the hydraulic erosion risk indicators of each sub-region of the target black soil .

[0080] As a preferred feasible embodiment, the hydraulic erosion warning level of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs is specifically obtained in the following manner: extracting the hydraulic erosion risk index of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, matching it with the hydraulic erosion risk index range corresponding to each hydraulic erosion warning level stored in the database, and obtaining the hydraulic erosion warning level of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs.

[0081] S5. Hydraulic erosion management: Based on the hydraulic erosion risk area level and hydraulic erosion warning level of each sub-region of the target black soil, each sub-region of the target black soil is managed.

[0082] As a preferred feasible embodiment, the specific operation of managing each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs based on the hydraulic erosion risk area level and hydraulic erosion warning level of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs includes: respectively extracting the hydraulic erosion risk area level and hydraulic erosion warning level of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, and carrying out corresponding management and warning for each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs according to predefined principles.

[0083] It needs to be further explained that the specific contents of the predefined principles in the corresponding management and early warning of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs include: extracting the hydraulic erosion risk area level of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs. If the hydraulic erosion risk area level of a sub-region to which the target black soil belongs is high risk, then the management of the sub-region to which the target black soil belongs will be strengthened, strict land use control will be implemented, activities that may aggravate erosion will be prohibited or restricted, and a combination of engineering measures and biological measures will be adopted to comprehensively manage hydraulic erosion.

[0084] If the hydraulic erosion risk area level of a sub-region to which the target black soil belongs is medium risk, then for the sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, on the basis of protecting the existing vegetation, we will strengthen monitoring and early warning, and encourage the adoption of agricultural measures such as conservation tillage, crop rotation and fallow to reduce soil disturbance.

[0085] If the hydraulic erosion risk area level of a sub-region to which the target black soil belongs is low risk, prevention will be the main approach for the sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, and soil and water conservation publicity and education will be strengthened.

[0086] Extract the hydraulic erosion warning level of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs. If the hydraulic erosion warning level of a sub-region to which the target black soil belongs is Level I, engineering and biological measures will be immediately taken for emergency management of the sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, and organize the evacuation of residents in the threatened area.

[0087] If the hydraulic erosion warning level of a sub-region to which the target black soil belongs is Level II, the monitoring frequency of the sub-region to which the target black soil belongs will be increased, and preventive engineering measures and biological measures will be taken.

[0088] If the hydraulic erosion warning level of a sub-area to which the target black soil belongs is Level III, daily inspections and maintenance of the sub-area to which the target black soil belongs will be strengthened.

[0089] If the hydraulic erosion warning level of a sub-region to which the target black soil belongs is Level IV, the regular monitoring frequency of the sub-region to which the target black soil belongs should be maintained, and the existing soil and water conservation measures should continue to be implemented.

[0090] The present invention analyzes the hydraulic erosion risk indicators of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, and obtains the hydraulic erosion warning level of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, which helps to scientifically plan land use and agricultural production activities, reduce the damage to black soil caused by human factors, effectively protect the ecological environment of black soil, maintain biodiversity, and facilitate the early detection of potential hydraulic erosion risks and the adoption of preventive measures, thereby reducing economic losses caused by soil erosion.

[0091] The above contents are merely examples and explanations of the concept of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described or replace them in a similar manner. As long as they do not deviate from the concept of the invention or exceed the scope defined by the present invention, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for assessing the risk of hydraulic erosion of black soil based on daily precipitation, characterized in that: include: S1. Black soil hydraulic erosion detection: used to record the detected black soil area as the target black soil, further divide it into sub-areas belonging to the target black soil, and then detect it to obtain hydraulic erosion data of each sub-area belonging to the target black soil; S2. Analysis of hydraulic erosion of black soil: Analyze the hydraulic erosion feedback indicators of each sub-region of the target black soil, and obtain the hydraulic erosion risk area level of each sub-region of the target black soil, where the hydraulic erosion risk area level includes high risk, medium risk and low risk; S3. Black soil basic data detection: used to obtain basic data of each sub-region of the target black soil, where the basic data includes basic precipitation data, basic terrain data, basic soil data and basic vegetation data; S4. Analysis of basic data of black soil: Analyze the precipitation risk index, terrain risk index, soil risk index and vegetation risk index of each sub-region of the target black soil, and then obtain the hydraulic erosion risk index of each sub-region of the target black soil, and obtain the hydraulic erosion warning level of each sub-region of the target black soil, where the hydraulic erosion warning level includes level I, level II, level III and level IV; S5. Hydraulic erosion management: manage each sub-region of the target black soil based on the hydraulic erosion risk area level and hydraulic erosion warning level of each sub-region; The hydraulic erosion data of each sub-region of the target black soil includes the number of surface erosion regions and the area of ​​each surface erosion region, as well as the number of gully erosions and the size of each gully erosion; The specific analysis method of the hydraulic erosion feedback index of each sub-region of the target black soil includes: Extract the gully erosion size information of each sub-area of ​​the target black soil, and compare it with the preset permissible gully erosion size information under the condition that does not affect the use of black soil, and obtain the gully erosion size contrast of each sub-area of ​​the target black soil. ,in , is the number of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, is the number of sub-regions to which the target black soil belongs, , is the number of each groove erosion, is the amount of gully erosion; The number of surface erosion areas, the area of ​​each surface erosion area, and the number of gully erosion in each sub-region of the target black soil are extracted and recorded as ,in , is the number of each erosion area; Analyze the hydraulic erosion feedback indicators of each sub-region of the target black soil ,in They are respectively the preset allowable surface erosion area and allowable gully erosion size contrast under the conditions that do not affect the use of black soil.

2. The method for assessing the risk of hydraulic erosion of black soil based on daily precipitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic precipitation data of each sub-region of the target black soil includes daily precipitation and daily precipitation intensity; The basic terrain data of each sub-region of the target black soil includes slope, slope length and slope angle; The basic soil data of each sub-region of the target black soil include soil texture impact index, soil porosity and soil permeability coefficient; The basic vegetation data of each sub-region of the target black soil includes the vegetation type impact index and vegetation coverage.

3. The method for assessing the risk of hydraulic erosion of black soil based on daily precipitation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The specific analysis methods of the precipitation risk indicators of each sub-region of the target black soil include: The daily precipitation and daily precipitation intensity of each sub-region of the target black soil are extracted and recorded as ,in , is the number of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, is the number of sub-regions to which the target black soil belongs, and the precipitation risk index of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs is analyzed ,in are the maximum daily precipitation and maximum daily precipitation intensity extracted from the database without hydraulic erosion, is a natural constant.

4. The method for assessing the risk of hydraulic erosion of black soil based on daily precipitation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The specific analysis methods of the terrain risk indicators of each sub-region of the target black soil include: The slope, slope length and slope angle of each sub-area of ​​the target black soil are extracted and recorded as , analyze the terrain risk indicators of each sub-region of the target black soil ,in are the maximum slope and maximum slope length extracted from the database without hydraulic erosion. The target black soil extracted from the database belongs to The reference slope angle of each sub-area is is the allowable difference between the set slope angle and the reference slope angle, are the weight coefficients of the terrain risk index corresponding to the set slope, slope length and slope aspect angle, and .

5. The method for assessing the risk of hydraulic erosion of black soil based on daily precipitation according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The specific analysis methods of soil risk indicators of each sub-region of the target black soil include: The soil texture influence index, soil porosity and soil permeability coefficient of each sub-region of the target black soil are extracted and recorded as , analyze the soil risk indicators of each sub-region of the target black soil ,in are the minimum soil texture impact index and minimum soil permeability coefficient extracted from the database under the condition of no hydraulic erosion, The target black soil extracted from the database belongs to The reference soil porosity of each sub-area, It is the allowable difference between the set soil porosity and the reference soil porosity.

6. The method for assessing the risk of hydraulic erosion of black soil based on daily precipitation according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The specific analysis methods of vegetation risk indicators of each sub-region of the target black soil include: Extract the vegetation type impact index and vegetation coverage of each sub-region of the target black soil, which are recorded as , analyze the vegetation risk indicators of each sub-region of the target black soil ,in The minimum vegetation type impact index and minimum vegetation cover under conditions where no hydraulic erosion occurs were extracted from the database respectively.

7. The method for assessing the risk of hydraulic erosion of black soil based on daily precipitation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific analysis methods of the hydraulic erosion risk indicators of each sub-region of the target black soil include: Extract the terrain risk index, soil risk index and vegetation risk index of each sub-region of the target black soil, and use the analysis formula Obtain the hydraulic erosion risk influencing factors of each sub-region of the target black soil ,in They are the weight factors of the hydraulic erosion risk influencing factors corresponding to the set terrain risk index, soil risk index and vegetation risk index respectively; Extract precipitation risk indicators for each sub-region of the target black soil; Analyze the hydraulic erosion risk indicators of each sub-region of the target black soil .

8. The method for assessing the risk of hydraulic erosion of black soil based on daily precipitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method of obtaining the hydraulic erosion risk area level and hydraulic erosion warning level of each sub-region of the target black soil includes: Extract the hydraulic erosion feedback index of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, and match it with the hydraulic erosion feedback index range corresponding to each hydraulic erosion risk area level stored in the database to obtain the hydraulic erosion risk area level of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs; The hydraulic erosion risk index of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs is extracted, and it is matched with the hydraulic erosion risk index range corresponding to each hydraulic erosion warning level stored in the database to obtain the hydraulic erosion warning level of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs.

9. The method for assessing the risk of hydraulic erosion of black soil based on daily precipitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific operations for managing each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs based on the hydraulic erosion risk area level and hydraulic erosion warning level of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs include: respectively extracting the hydraulic erosion risk area level and hydraulic erosion warning level of each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs, and carrying out corresponding management and warning for each sub-region to which the target black soil belongs according to predefined principles.

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