A chemical sterilization composition for Solidago canadensis, and its preparation method and application

Abstract

The present invention relates to a chemical sterilization composition or preparation for Solidago canadensis, and its preparation method and application. The chemical sterilization composition comprises bensulfuron-methyl, amiloride, and laundry detergent; the concentration of bensulfuron-methyl is 50-150 mg / L; the concentration of amiloride is 360-600 mg / L; and the concentration of laundry detergent is 1-10 g / L. The application comprises spraying the composition on the top of the Solidago canadensis plant during its budding stage, causing the seeds of the Solidago canadensis to be sterilized, effectively blocking the spread of its seeds. The method is suitable for mechanized operation, has high efficiency, and low cost, and has a good effect of cutting off the reproduction and spread of Solidago canadensis seeds, making it easy to promote and apply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of alien invasive plant control, and particularly relates to a composition or preparation for preventing and controlling Canada goldenrod through chemical sterilization, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Solidago canadensis L. is an herbaceous plant of the genus Solidago in the Asteraceae family, with annual aerial stems and perennial underground rhizomes. Native to North America, it was introduced to Shanghai as an ornamental plant in 1935 and later escaped into the wild. After the 1980s, Solidago canadensis was widely distributed in East my country, and showed a trend of spreading to surrounding areas. At present, Solidago canadensis is distributed in many provinces in East my country, South China, Central China, and Southwest China. Solidago canadensis has extremely strong environmental adaptability and competitiveness, can quickly form dominant populations, and seriously damage the vegetation and ecosystems in the invaded areas. In addition, Solidago canadensis is very easy to invade poorly managed cultivated land, gardens and other areas, competing with crops for resources, and posing a great threat to agricultural production.

[0003] The rapid spread of Canada goldenrod is closely related to its advanced reproductive system. In addition to its underground rhizomes for vegetative reproduction, Canada goldenrod also possesses a unique inflorescence structure and a prolific seed production. Each individual inflorescence is a heteromorphic head, with ligulate flowers (pistils but no stamens) on the periphery and tubular flowers (pistils and stamens) in the center. The pistils maintain their vitality longer than the stamens, and its sexual reproduction is absolutely self-incompatible. Through insect pollination, a single Canada goldenrod plant can produce over 20,000 achenes, each weighing only 0.045-0.050g per 1,000 seeds. Under natural conditions, the germination rate is approximately 30%. The achenes are small and light, and feature pappus (hairs) derived from the calyx. These achenes easily adhere to objects or are carried by the wind, enabling long-distance dispersal. This plays a key role in the long-distance spread and initial population establishment of Canada goldenrod. According to the characteristics of sexual reproduction of Canada goldenrod, applying pesticides with abortive effects during the flowering period can reduce the damage caused by seed production and spread.

[0004] Currently, physical and chemical control are common methods for managing Canada goldenrod. Physical control typically involves manually plucking or mechanically uprooting the entire plant during the flowering phase. Chemical control primarily involves spraying chemical herbicides such as glyphosate and glufosinate during the vegetative phase to kill Canada goldenrod. Conventional control methods have the following drawbacks: 1) incomplete control, resulting in a high risk of regeneration; 2) late removal in autumn, resulting in improper handling of inflorescences and an inability to effectively prevent seed maturation and dispersal.

[0005] Chemical sterilization involves spraying specific chemicals onto plants before or during the development of their male organs. This inhibits normal pollen development, causing physiological sterility and ultimately achieving sterility. Chemical sterilization is simple to use and has significant sterilization effects, making it widely used in hybrid vigor breeding for plants such as rapeseed, corn, wheat, vegetables, and flowers. However, to date, there have been no reports of using chemical sterilization for weed control, and even fewer reports on its use in Canadawort.

[0006] In view of the unique growth characteristics and harm of Canada goldenrod, it is an urgent problem to be solved in this field to study and explore a chemical sterilant that is efficient, low-toxic, low-priced and easy to use for Canada goldenrod. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Purpose of the Invention: Addressing the sexual reproduction characteristics of Solidago canadensis and the inability of existing control methods to effectively prevent seed dispersal, the present invention provides a composition or formulation for chemically sterilizing Solidago canadensis, as well as its preparation method and application. The active ingredients of the present composition are bensulfuron-methyl, amiloride, and laundry detergent. This composition is effective in completely sterilizing Solidago canadensis from the budding to full-blooming stage, effectively blocking seed dispersal and reducing the number of Solidago canadensis seed banks, thus contributing to the sustainable management of Solidago canadensis.

[0008] Technical solution: To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A composition for chemical sterilization of Canada goldenrod, wherein the active ingredients of the composition are composed of bensulfuron-methyl, amiloride and washing powder. The molecular formula of the bensulfuron-methyl is C 15 H 17 N5O6S, the molecular formula of amiloride is C6H3Cl3N2O2, and the washing powder is the common washing powder in life, and its main component is sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (molecular formula is C 18 H 29 NaO3S), and its content ≥13%.

[0010] Preferably, the concentration of bensulfuron-methyl in the composition is 50-150 mg / L; the concentration of amiloride is 360-600 mg / L; and the concentration of laundry detergent is 1-10 g / L.

[0011] The preparation method of a composition preparation for chemical sterilization of Solidago canadensis comprises the following steps:

[0012] 1. Prepare bensulfuron-methyl solution:

[0013] Weigh 500-1500 mg of 10% bensulfuron-methyl, dissolve in water, and dilute to 250 mL;

[0014] 2. Prepare amiloride solution:

[0015] Measure 1500-2500 μL of 24% amiloride, dissolve in water, and dilute to 250 mL.

[0016] 3. Prepare laundry detergent solution:

[0017] Weigh 1-10g of laundry detergent, dissolve in water, and dilute to 500mL;

[0018] 4. Evenly mix the above-prepared bensulfuron-methyl solution, amiloride solution, and laundry detergent solution, and dilute to 1 L to obtain a composition preparation for chemical sterilization of Solidago canadensis.

[0019] The preparation method provided by the present invention is simple and convenient, and ensures that all components are fully mixed together to form a medicament with uniform content.

[0020] In order to ensure that all components in the chemical maleicide are fully mixed and uniform, and to avoid stratification which would lead to uneven efficacy, preferably, in step 4, the solutions after volume adjustment are stirred while being mixed.

[0021] Application of a composition or preparation for chemical sterilization of Canada goldenrod: During the budding period of Canada goldenrod, choose sunny and windless weather and evenly spray the inflorescence of Canada goldenrod with a manual sprayer, electric sprayer, plant protection drone, etc., with a spraying rate of 10-20L / 667m 2 .

[0022] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. It has a thorough effect on the sterility of Canada goldenrod. Only one application of the pesticide is needed to effectively and thoroughly prevent Canada goldenrod, which makes up for the defect that traditional prevention and control methods cannot effectively prevent seed spread. It can effectively block the seed spread of Canada goldenrod, reduce the number of Canada goldenrod seed banks, and is conducive to the sustainable management of Canada goldenrod.

[0024] 2. Environmentally friendly and highly safe. Compared with traditional chemical pest control agents such as glyphosate or glufosinate, the active ingredient used in the present invention is highly safe for crops, has a small usage amount, low toxicity, is easily degraded in the soil, and has high ecological and environmental safety.

[0025] 3. The composition preparation method is simple, the operation is convenient, and it is suitable for mechanized operation and easy to promote and apply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments or the prior art.

[0027] Figure 1 This is the panicle of the control plant 10 days after spraying the chemical sterilization composition.

[0028] Figure 2 The panicles of the plants were treated 10 days after spraying the chemical sterilization composition.

[0029] Figure 3 The figure shows the morphology of ligulate flowers and tubular flowers in a single inflorescence of the control plant 10 days after spraying the chemical sterilization composition.

[0030] Figure 4 The morphology of ligulate flowers and tubular flowers in a single inflorescence of the treated plants was evaluated 10 days after spraying the chemical sterilization composition.

[0031] Figure 5 Pollen grains of the control plants were observed using a transmission electron microscope 10 days after spraying the chemical sterilization composition.

[0032] Figure 6 Ten days after the chemical sterilization composition was sprayed, no pollen grains of the treated plants were observed using a transmission electron microscope.

[0033] Figure 7 The inflorescence branches and mature achenes of the control plants were observed 40 days after the chemical sterilization composition was sprayed (seed maturity stage).

[0034] Figure 8 40 days after spraying the chemical sterilization composition (seed maturity stage), the inflorescence branches and residual achenes of the plants were treated. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the examples, those without specifying specific conditions are carried out according to normal conditions or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Reagents used or instruments without specifying manufacturers are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0036] Example 1 Screening of the Optimal Effective Concentrations of Bensulfuron-methyl, Amiloride and Washing Powder

[0037] By detecting the germination rate of residual achenes (seeds), the optimal effective concentrations of bensulfuron-methyl, amiloride and laundry detergent were explored.

[0038] Test location: Located in a plot of about 300m next to X301, Xiacai Village, Zhixi Town, Jintan District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province 2 The abandoned land (119.542843E, 31.852331N) is covered with Canada goldenrod, and there are also small amounts of mugwort and small tumbleweed around the ridges.

[0039] Test method: On October 13, 2022, at the budding stage of Canada goldenrod, a chemical sterilization composition was prepared according to the active ingredient content shown in Table 1, and the liquid was evenly sprayed on the inflorescence of Canada goldenrod using a manual sprayer. Each treatment was 2m 2 At the end of November, when the seeds of Canada thistle were mature, the inflorescence parts of each treatment were collected, dried and stored in a seed cabinet. In late March of the following year, the remaining achenes of the same mass (0.0220 g) were weighed, of which 80 achenes were used as the control, and sown evenly in plastic pots. The plastic pots were placed in an incubator with a temperature of 25°C, a humidity of 70%, and a light intensity of 16 h. The number of Canada thistle seeds that germinated was observed and recorded, and the relative germination rate of the remaining achenes of Canada thistle in each treatment was calculated. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0040] Relative germination rate = number of treated seeds germinated / number of control seeds germinated × 100%

[0041] Test results: Spraying bensulfuron-methyl or amiloride alone can achieve a partial abortion effect, but the effect is poor and cannot achieve complete control. Using a combination of bensulfuron-methyl and amiloride significantly enhances the abortion effect, far exceeding the additive effect of the individual agents, which is unexpected by those skilled in the art. Adding laundry detergent can enhance the abortion effect by increasing the adhesion of the agents. Even more unexpected is that when the concentration of bensulfuron-methyl is 50-150 mg / L, the concentration of amiloride is 360-600 mg / L, and the concentration of laundry detergent is 2 g / L, the relative germination rate of the remaining achenes of Canada thistle is 0, demonstrating a control effect that is not only superior to the individual agents but also superior to compositions with other formulations. This experiment demonstrates that the composition or preparation of the present invention has a thorough abortion effect on Canada thistle and can effectively block the spread of its seeds.

[0042] Table 1 Effects of different spraying concentrations on the germination rate of Solidago canadensis seeds

[0043]

[0044]

[0045] Example 2 Field efficacy test

[0046] The test site is a 2.6-mu abandoned land in Jiangning District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province. The wasteland is covered with Canada goldenrod, and there are also a small amount of mugwort, white grass, etc. around the ridges.

[0047] Preparation of chemical sterilization composition:

[0048] 1. Prepare bensulfuron-methyl solution: weigh 26 g of 10% bensulfuron-methyl wettable powder and dissolve it in 5000 mL of water;

[0049] 2. Prepare amiloride solution: Dissolve 39 mL of 24% amiloride solution in 5000 mL of water.

[0050] 3. Prepare laundry detergent solution: weigh 52g of laundry detergent and dissolve it in 5000mL of water;

[0051] 4. Mix the above-prepared bensulfuron-methyl solution, amiloride solution, and laundry detergent solution, add 11 L of water and stir evenly to obtain 26 L of Canadawort chemical sterilization composition.

[0052] Chemical treatment: On October 13, 2023, when Canada goldenrod is in bud, choose a sunny and windless day, and use a plant protection drone to evenly spray 26L of liquid on 2.6 acres of Canada goldenrod inflorescences at one time.

[0053] Effects of the agent on plant morphology and floral organs: 10 days after application of the agent, there was no significant change in the stem and leaves below the inflorescence of the plant, the color of the inflorescence changed from bright yellow to dark yellow, the number of ligulate flowers and tubular flowers did not change, the morphology changed from stretched to curled, and the pollen grains could not develop normally; during the seed maturity period, there were almost no white pappus on the inflorescence, the number of mature achenes decreased significantly, and the length of the achenes became significantly shorter.

[0054] Effect of the agents on seed germination: When the concentration of bensulfuron-methyl is 100 mg / L, the concentration of amiloride is 360 mg / L, and the concentration of laundry detergent is 2 g / L, the relative germination rate of the residual achenes of Canada thistle is 0, indicating that it has a thorough effect on the sterility of Canada thistle and can effectively block the seed spread of Canada thistle.

Claims

1. A composition for chemical sterilization of Solidago canadensis, characterized in that: The active ingredients of the composition consist of bensulfuron-methyl, amiloride and laundry detergent, wherein the concentration of bensulfuron-methyl is 50-150 mg / L, the concentration of amiloride is 360-600 mg / L, and the concentration of the laundry detergent is 1-10 g / L. The composition is sprayed from the budding stage to the full flowering stage of Canada goldenrod, the spraying site is the inflorescence, and the spraying frequency is once.

2. A composition preparation for chemical sterilization of Solidago canadensis, characterized in that: The preparation method of the preparation comprises the following steps: 1) Prepare bensulfuron-methyl solution: Weigh 500-1500 mg of 10% bensulfuron-methyl wettable powder, dissolve in water, and dilute to 250 mL. 2) Prepare amiloride solution: Dissolve 1500–2500 μL of 24% amiloride solution in water and dilute to 250 mL. 3) Prepare the detergent solution: weigh 1-10g of detergent, dissolve in water, and dilute to 500mL; 4) mixing the fixed solutions to obtain a composition preparation; The spraying period of the preparation is from the budding stage to the full flowering stage of Canada solidago, the spraying site is the inflorescence, and the spraying frequency is once.

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