A device for detecting root depth during sorghum growth period

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of detection devices, and discloses a device for detecting the root depth of sorghum during the growth period, which includes a base. One side of the top of the base is fixedly installed with a side plate, and a lifting platform in a U-shaped structure is slidably installed on one side of the side plate. Two equipment brackets are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the top of the base, and a root depth detector is fixedly installed on the top of each equipment bracket. Two soil shovels are symmetrically and slidably installed on the top of the base. By setting a blocking block and soil shovels, when the lifting platform descends, it can drive the two soil shovels to obliquely insert into the soil from both sides of the sorghum to assist in pulling out the sorghum roots. At the same time, the blocking block slides downward, so that the water in the cleaning box is drained into the drainage groove and then flows to the vicinity of the sorghum roots, softening the soil near the sorghum roots, making it easier to be pulled out and preventing root breakage. At the same time, the water in the cleaning box can be fully utilized to avoid wasting water resources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of detection devices, and particularly relates to a device for detecting the root depth of sorghum during its growth period. Background Art

[0002] Sorghum is an important food crop belonging to the Gramineae family and is commonly used for feed, food, and brewing. Detecting the root depth of sorghum during its growth period refers to evaluating the growth depth and distribution of its roots through specific methods during the growth process of sorghum. This detection can reveal the growth state of the roots in the soil, help understand the sorghum's ability to absorb water and nutrients during growth, and thus guide reasonable irrigation and fertilization strategies, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of water and nutrients.

[0003] In actual detection, it is necessary to pull out the experimental sorghum from the soil in the field before detecting the root depth. Affected by the dryness and wetness of the soil, the roots of the pulled-out sorghum are sometimes easily broken, and there will be some soil blocks adhering to the roots, making it difficult to directly measure. Although the existing device for detecting the root depth of sorghum during its growth period (publication number: CN211234249U) washes away the soil on the sorghum roots by adding cleaning water into the second placement groove and then detects, the sewage in this device is directly discharged and cannot be effectively utilized, which is somewhat wasteful. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the drawbacks existing in the prior art, and a device for detecting the root depth of sorghum during its growth period is proposed.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for detecting the root depth of sorghum during its growth period includes a base. One side of the top of the base is fixedly installed with a side plate. A lifting platform in a U-shaped structure is slidably installed on one side of the side plate. Two equipment brackets are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the top of the base. A root depth detector is fixedly installed on the top of each equipment bracket. Two soil shovels are symmetrically and slidably installed on the top of the base. The two soil shovels are inclined. The tops of the two soil shovels are slidably installed with the bottom of the lifting platform. A cleaning box is fixedly installed in the middle of the top of the base. The top of the cleaning box is an open structure. A square hole for draining water is opened at the bottom near the soil shovel on one side in the cleaning box. A plug is slidably installed in the square hole. A drainage groove is opened at the top of the plug. A drain port is opened on the top of the base, which penetrates its surface and is adapted to the plug. A drainage trough is provided below the drain port. The drainage trough is fixedly installed with the bottom of the base. Two material taking mechanisms for pulling out sorghum are symmetrically arranged in the lifting platform.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, a screw rod is rotatably installed on the top of the base, the top end of the screw rod passes through the outer surface of the lifting platform and is threadedly connected thereto, and two slide cavities are symmetrically provided on the surface of the lifting platform, and the adjacent sides of the two slide cavities are open structures, and each slide cavity is provided with a waist groove hole passing through the top of the lifting platform on the top, and two linear motor assemblies are symmetrically fixedly installed on the top of the lifting platform, and the moving ends of the two linear motor assemblies respectively pass through the two waist groove holes and are fixedly installed on the tops of the two sliders.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, a slider is slidably installed in each slide cavity, a rack is fixedly installed at the bottom of each slide cavity, each material-taking mechanism includes an electric telescopic rod and a clamping block, a groove matching the electric telescopic rod is provided on the top of each slider, each electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed in the corresponding groove, a clamping groove for clamping sorghum stalks is provided on one side of each clamping block, and the other side of each clamping block is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the corresponding electric telescopic rod.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, a notch for avoiding the rack is opened on one side of the bottom of each slider, a spur gear meshing with the rack is rotatably installed on the side of each slider away from the clamping block, and a rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the side of each clamping block close to the slider, one end of each rotating shaft passes through the corresponding slider and is fixedly installed on the rotation center of the spur gear, and a knocking mechanism is provided at the bottom of each clamping block.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, the knocking mechanism includes a cam, a second return spring rod, a top block, a protrusion, a sliding shaft, a push spring and a knocking block, the cam is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the rotating shaft, the top block is slidably installed on the side of the clamping block away from the clamping groove, the surface of the top block is provided with an inclined surface, the second return spring rod is fixedly installed on the surface of the clamping block, the telescopic end of the second return spring rod is fixedly installed on the top side of the top block, the protrusion is fixedly installed on the bottom of the clamping block, the surface of the protrusion is provided with a limiting hole, the surface of the sliding shaft is provided with a plurality of limiting grooves adapted to the limiting hole, the sliding shaft is slidably installed in the limiting hole, the knocking block is fixedly installed on one end of the sliding shaft close to the clamping groove, the push spring is sleeved on the surface of the sliding shaft, the push spring is in a compressed state and its two ends are respectively against the adjacent sides of the knocking block and the protrusion.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, a screw rod is fixedly installed at one end of the sliding shaft away from the knocking block. An adjusting nut is threadedly sleeved on the surface of the screw rod. An adjusting rod is slidably installed in the limiting groove. One end of the adjusting rod is rotatably connected to the adjusting nut and the other end abuts against the surface of the convex block. A pushing groove adapted to the top block is formed on the surface of the sliding shaft. A connecting bracket is fixedly installed on one side of each clamping block close to the cam. Each connecting bracket has a U-shaped structure with an open bottom. An avoidance groove is formed on the surface of one end of each connecting bracket.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, a filter plate is slidably installed in the cleaning box. The thickness of the filter plate is adapted to the groove width of the avoidance groove. The surface of the filter plate is slidably embedded in the avoidance grooves formed in the two connecting brackets. First return spring rods and waterproof covers for protecting the first return spring rods are fixedly installed at two corners of the cleaning box close to the blocking block. The telescopic ends of the two first return spring rods pass through the bottom of the waterproof cover and are fixedly installed with the top of the blocking block.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, a servo motor is fixedly installed at the top of the side plate. The output end of the servo motor is rotationally connected to the rotation center of the top end of the lead screw through a coupling. A plurality of self-locking universal wheels are installed around the bottom of the base. A handle is fixedly installed on one side of the side plate. A plurality of hooks for hanging tools are fixedly installed in each equipment bracket.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] By setting the blocking block and the soil-shoveling pieces, when the lifting platform descends, it can drive the two soil-shoveling pieces to obliquely insert into the soil from both sides of the sorghum. The connecting brackets simultaneously push the blocking block to slide downward. The water in the cleaning box can be drained to the drainage groove through the drainage grooves on the surface of the blocking block, and then flow to the vicinity of the sorghum roots, softening the soil near the sorghum roots, making it easier to pull out without breaking the roots, improving the accuracy of the equipment for detecting sorghum roots, and at the same time making full use of the water in the cleaning box to avoid wasting water resources;

[0016] By setting the knocking mechanism, when the lifting platform rises, the material taking mechanism pulls out the sorghum from the soil completely, and then transports the sorghum towards the cleaning box. During the transportation process, the spur gear in the slideway cavity meshes with the rack and rotates. The spur gear drives the rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft drives the cam to rotate. The cam intermittently pushes the top block to slide through the pushing groove formed in the sliding shaft and pushes the sliding shaft to slide away from the clamping block. When the top block leaves the pushing groove, the sliding shaft drives the knocking block to impact the sorghum stalk under the reset force of the pushing spring, causing the sorghum to vibrate during operation and shake off some soil. At the same time, the material taking mechanism drives the sorghum roots to move back and forth in the cleaning box, driving the water flow movement and enabling the knocking mechanism to continue to intermittently knock the sorghum stalk, improving the cleaning efficiency and thoroughness of the equipment for cleaning sorghum roots;

[0017] By setting an adjusting rod and an adjusting nut, rotating the adjusting nut can drive the adjusting rod to slide along the limit groove on the surface of the sliding shaft, thereby adjusting the limit of the distance that the movable shaft is pulled by the push spring in the direction of the clamping block, thereby achieving fine-tuning of the knocking force of the knocking block, and thus better meeting the needs of knocking on the surfaces of sorghum stalks with different hardness in different growth periods, avoiding damage to the sorghum stalks due to excessive knocking force, or too small knocking force, resulting in insufficient vibration amplitude to shake off the soil, thereby improving the scope of application of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for detecting the root depth during the growth period of sorghum proposed by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of a device for detecting the root depth during the growth period of sorghum proposed by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a cleaning box of a root depth detection device during sorghum growth period proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the base and cleaning box of a root depth detection device for sorghum growth period proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A;

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting bracket structure of a root depth detection device during sorghum growth period proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a knocking mechanism of a root depth detection device during sorghum growth period proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a sliding shaft and an adjusting rod of a root depth detection device during sorghum growth period proposed by the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. base; 101. drain outlet; 2. side panel; 3. self-locking universal wheel; 4. screw rod; 5. servo motor; 6. cleaning box; 7. equipment bracket; 8. hook; 9. linear motor assembly; 10. lifting platform; 1001. slideway cavity; 1002. waist groove hole; 11. filter plate; 12. connecting bracket; 1201. avoidance groove; 13. electric telescopic rod; 14. slider; 15. rack; 16. clamp block; 17. shovel piece; 18. rotating shaft ; 19. Cam; 20. Spur gear; 21. Block; 2101. Drainage groove; 22. First return spring rod; 23. Waterproof cover; 24. Drainage groove; 25. Second return spring rod; 26. Push block; 27. Bump; 2701. Limit hole; 28. Sliding shaft; 2801. Limit groove; 2802. Push groove; 29. ​​Push spring; 30. Knocking block; 31. Adjusting rod; 32. Adjusting nut; 33. Screw; 34. Root depth detector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] Reference Figure 1-Figure 8, a device for detecting the root depth of sorghum during the growth period, comprising a base 1. On one side of the top of the base 1, a side plate 2 is fixedly installed. On one side of the side plate 2, a lifting platform 10 with a U-shaped structure is slidably installed. On the top of the base 1, two equipment brackets 7 are symmetrically and fixedly installed. On the top of each equipment bracket 7, a root depth detector 34 is fixedly installed. On the top of the base 1, two earth shovels 17 are symmetrically and slidably installed. The two earth shovels 17 are inclined. The tops of the two earth shovels 17 are slidably installed with the bottom of the lifting platform 10. In the middle of the top of the base 1, a cleaning box 6 is fixedly installed. The top of the cleaning box 6 is of an open structure. A square hole for draining water is opened at the bottom near the earth shovel 17 in the cleaning box 6. A plug 21 is slidably installed in the square hole. A drainage groove 2101 is opened at the top of the plug 21. A drainage port 101 penetrating its surface and adapted to the plug 21 is opened on the top of the base 1. A drainage trough 24 is provided below the drainage port 101. The drainage trough 24 is fixedly installed with the bottom of the base 1. In the lifting platform 10, two material taking mechanisms for pulling out sorghum are symmetrically provided.

[0031] During use, the root depth detector 34 is composed of a high-resolution camera and an image processing system. The root depth of sorghum is detected by analyzing the root images. By setting the plug 21 and the earth shovels 17, when the lifting platform 10 descends, it can drive the two earth shovels 17 to obliquely insert into the soil from both sides of the sorghum. The distance between the bottoms of the two earth shovels 17 after inserting into the soil is greater than the range that the sorghum roots can extend in each period, avoiding cutting off the sorghum roots during shoveling. By the connecting bracket 12, the plug 21 is simultaneously pushed downward. The water in the cleaning box 6 can be drained into the drainage trough 24 through the drainage groove 2101 on the surface of the plug 21, and then flow to the vicinity of the sorghum roots, softening the soil near the sorghum roots, making it easier to be pulled out and not breaking the roots. At the same time, the water in the cleaning box 6 can be fully utilized, avoiding waste of water resources.

[0032] In this embodiment, a screw rod 4 is rotatably installed on the top of the base 1, and the top of the screw rod 4 passes through the outer surface of the lifting platform 10 and is threadedly connected thereto. Two slide cavities 1001 are symmetrically provided on the surface of the lifting platform 10, and the adjacent sides of the two slide cavities 1001 are open structures. A waist groove hole 1002 that runs through the top of the lifting platform 10 is provided on the top of each slide cavity 1001. Two linear motor assemblies 9 are symmetrically fixedly installed on the top of the lifting platform 10. The moving ends of the two linear motor assemblies 9 pass through the two waist groove holes 1002 and are fixedly installed on the tops of the two sliders 14 respectively. A slider 14 is slidably installed in each slide cavity 1001, and a rack 15 is fixedly installed at the bottom of each slide cavity 1001. Each material-retrieving mechanism includes an electric telescopic Rod 13 and clamping block 16, each slider 14 is provided with a groove matched with the electric telescopic rod 13 on the top, each electric telescopic rod 13 is fixedly installed in the corresponding groove, each clamping block 16 is provided with a clamping groove for clamping sorghum stalks on one side, each clamping block 16 is fixedly installed with the telescopic end of the corresponding electric telescopic rod 13 on the other side, each slider 14 is provided with a notch for avoiding the rack 15 on one side of the bottom, each slider 14 is rotatably installed with a spur gear 20 meshing with the rack 15 on the side away from the clamping block 16, each clamping block 16 is rotatably installed with a rotating shaft 18 on the side close to the slider 14, one end of each rotating shaft 18 passes through the corresponding slider 14 and is fixedly installed with the rotation center of the spur gear 20, and each clamping block 16 is provided with a knocking mechanism at the bottom.

[0033] When in use, the height of the lifting platform 10 can be adjusted by driving the screw rod 4 to rotate, which makes it easier to drive the shovel blade 17 to dig the sorghum roots, and then start the electric telescopic rod 13 to drive the clamping block 16 to clamp the sorghum stalks. When the soil near the sorghum roots is softened, the sorghum can be pulled out of the soil with its roots by raising the lifting platform 10, and the shovel blade 17 can slide upward from the bottom of the base 1 to scrape off the soil on its surface to avoid affecting the digging of the next sorghum. In the process of carrying the sorghum roots to the cleaning box 6, the linear motor assembly 9 drives the slider 14 to slide horizontally, and then drives the feeding mechanism for transportation. By cooperating with the lifting platform 10, the sorghum roots can be driven to enter the cleaning box 6 for cleaning, and the sorghum roots can also be driven to move back and forth in the cleaning box 6, thereby accelerating the cleaning efficiency of the root system.

[0034] In this embodiment, the knocking mechanism includes a cam 19, a second reset spring rod 25, a top block 26, a convex block 27, a sliding shaft 28, a pushing spring 29, and a knocking block 30. The cam 19 is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the rotating shaft 18. The top block 26 is slidably installed on the side of the clamping block 16 away from the clamping groove. An inclined surface is provided on the surface of the top block 26. The second reset spring rod 25 is fixedly installed on the surface of the clamping block 16. The telescopic end of the second reset spring rod 25 is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the top block 26. The convex block 27 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the clamping block 16. A limiting hole 2701 is provided on the surface of the convex block 27. A plurality of limiting grooves 2801 adapted to the limiting hole 2701 are provided on the surface of the sliding shaft 28. The sliding shaft 28 is slidably installed in the limiting hole 2701. The knocking block 30 is fixedly installed at one end of the sliding shaft 28 close to the clamping groove. The pushing spring 29 is sleeved on the surface of the sliding shaft 28. The pushing spring 29 is in a compressed state and its two ends are respectively abutted against the adjacent sides of the knocking block 30 and the convex block 27. A screw 33 is fixedly installed at one end of the sliding shaft 28 away from the knocking block 30. An adjusting nut 32 is threadedly sleeved on the surface of the screw 33. An adjusting rod 31 is slidably installed in the limiting groove 2801. One end of the adjusting rod 31 is rotatably connected to the adjusting nut 32 and the other end abuts against the surface of the convex block 27. A pushing groove 2802 adapted to the top block 26 is provided on the surface of the sliding shaft 28. A connecting bracket 12 is fixedly installed on one side of each clamping block 16 close to the cam 19. Each connecting bracket 12 has a U-shaped structure with an opening facing downwards. An avoidance groove 1201 is provided on the surface of one end of each connecting bracket 12.

[0035] During use, by setting the knocking mechanism, when the lifting platform 10 rises, the material taking mechanism completely pulls out the sorghum from the soil, and then transports the sorghum towards the cleaning tank 6. During the transportation process, the spur gear 20 in the slideway cavity 1001 meshes with the rack 15 and rotates. The spur gear 20 drives the rotating shaft 18 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 18 drives the cam 19 to rotate. The cam 19 intermittently pushes the top block 26 to slide through the pushing groove 2802 provided on the sliding shaft 28 and pushes the sliding shaft 28 to slide away from the clamping block 16. When the top block 26 leaves the pushing groove 2802, the sliding shaft 28 drives the knocking block 30 to impact the sorghum stalk under the reset force of the pushing spring 29, causing the sorghum to vibrate during operation and shake off some of the soil. At the same time, the material taking mechanism drives the sorghum roots to reciprocate in the cleaning tank 6, driving the water flow movement and enabling the knocking mechanism to continue to intermittently knock the sorghum stalk, improving the cleaning efficiency and thoroughness of the equipment for cleaning sorghum roots.

[0036] The knocking block 30 is made of rubber material with moderate hardness. The push spring 29 is always in a compressed state. By rotating the adjusting nut 32, the adjusting rod 31 is driven to slide along the limiting groove 2801 on the surface of the sliding shaft 28. By changing the position of the adjusting rod 31 on the surface of the sliding shaft 28, the distance at which the reset force of the push spring 29 is reset in the direction of the clamping block 16 can be changed, thereby changing the knocking force on the sorghum stalk to meet the needs of sorghum in different growth periods, thereby improving the applicability of the equipment.

[0037] In this embodiment, a filter plate 11 is slidably installed in the cleaning box 6, and the thickness of the filter plate 11 is adapted to the width of the avoidance groove 1201. The surface of the filter plate 11 is slidably embedded in the avoidance groove 1201 opened by the two connecting brackets 12. A first return spring rod 22 and a waterproof cover 23 for protecting the first return spring rod 22 are fixedly installed at two corners on one side of the cleaning box 6 close to the block 21. The telescopic ends of the two first return spring rods 22 pass through the bottom of the waterproof cover 23 and are fixedly installed on the top of the block 21. A servo motor 5 is fixedly installed on the top of the side panel 2, and the output end of the servo motor 5 is connected to the rotation center of the top of the screw rod 4 through a coupling. A plurality of self-locking universal wheels 3 are installed around the bottom of the base 1, and a handle is fixedly installed on one side of the side panel 2. A plurality of hooks 8 for hanging tools are fixedly installed in each equipment bracket 7.

[0038] During use, by setting the filter plate 11, the connecting bracket 12 is slidably nested in the surface of the filter plate 11 through the avoidance groove 1201. When the feeding mechanism carries the sorghum roots into the cleaning box 6, the cleaned soil and other impurities all stay between the filter plate 11 and the blocking block 21. When the detected high material is taken out, the linear motor assembly 9 drives the feeding mechanism to move away from the cleaning box 6, thereby driving the filter plate 11 to slide in the direction of the blocking block 21, and the impurities in the cleaning box 6 are concentrated. When the position of the next sorghum to be detected is reached, the servo motor 5 drives the screw rod 4 to rotate, thereby lowering the height of the lifting platform 10, driving the two shovel pieces 17 to be inserted into the soil to assist in pulling out the sorghum. At the same time, one end of the lowered connecting bracket 12 pushes the blocking block 21 to slide downward, thereby discharging the sewage in the cleaning box 6 to soften the soil near the sorghum roots to be detected, thereby improving the utilization rate of water resources and avoiding damage to the sorghum roots during the pulling process.

[0039] From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention achieves the following technical effects: when in use, first pump an appropriate amount of cleaning water into the cleaning box 6, then push the equipment to the vicinity of the sorghum to be tested so that it is between the two clamping blocks 16, then start the servo motor 5 to drive the screw rod 4 to rotate, and then drive the lifting platform 10 to descend, the lifting platform 10 drives the two shovel pieces 17 to be obliquely inserted into the soil near the sorghum roots to assist the material taking mechanism in extracting the sorghum roots, and at the same time, as the lifting platform 10 is lowered to the lowest position, the blocking block 21 is pushed down by one end of the connecting bracket 12, so that the water in the cleaning box 6 flows into the drainage trough 24 and then flows to the vicinity of the sorghum roots to soften the soil, and the lifting platform 10 is started. The two electric telescopic rods 13 are moved to drive the two clamping blocks 16 to clamp and fix the sorghum stalks, and the sorghum is pulled up by the roots by driving the lifting platform 10 to rise, and the bottom end of the sorghum is higher than the cleaning box 6, and then the slider 14 is driven by the linear motor assembly 9 to slide toward the cleaning box 6 until the sorghum roots reach above the cleaning box 6, and then the lifting platform 10 is lowered to an appropriate height to make the sorghum roots completely immersed in water, and then the sorghum roots are driven to move back and forth in the cleaning box 6, and the knocking mechanism is cooperated to speed up the cleaning efficiency of the sorghum roots. The cleaned sorghum roots are lifted to between the two root depth detectors 34 with the cooperation of the lifting platform 10 and the feeding mechanism for relevant detection, thereby improving the detection efficiency of the equipment.

[0040] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the root depth of sorghum during its growth period, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: On one side of the top of the base (1), a side plate (2) is fixedly installed. On one side of the side plate (2), a lifting platform (10) with a U-shaped structure is slidably installed. On the top of the base (1), two equipment brackets (7) are symmetrically and fixedly installed. On the top of each equipment bracket (7), a root depth detector (34) is fixedly installed. On the top of the base (1), two earth shovels (17) are symmetrically and slidably installed. The two earth shovels (17) are inclined. The tops of the two earth shovels (17) are slidably installed with the bottom of the lifting platform (10). In the middle of the top of the base (1), a cleaning box (6) is fixedly installed. The top of the cleaning box (6) is of an open structure. A square hole for draining water is opened at the bottom near the earth shovel (17) in the cleaning box (6). A plug (21) is slidably installed in the square hole. A drainage groove (2101) is opened at the top of the plug (21). A drainage port (101) is opened on the top of the base (1) and penetrates its surface and is adapted to the plug (21). A drainage trough (24) is arranged below the drainage port (101). The drainage trough (24) is fixedly installed with the bottom of the base (1). In the lifting platform (10), two material taking mechanisms for pulling out sorghum are symmetrically arranged.

2. The root depth detection device for sorghum growth period according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lead screw (4) is rotatably installed on the top of the base (1). The top end of the lead screw (4) passes through the outer surface of the lifting platform (10) and is threadedly connected thereto. Two slideway cavities (1001) are symmetrically opened on the surface of the lifting platform (10). One side adjacent to the two slideway cavities (1001) is of an open structure. A waist slot hole (1002) penetrating the top of the lifting platform (10) is opened at the top of each slideway cavity (1001). Two linear motor assemblies (9) are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the top of the lifting platform (10). The moving ends of the two linear motor assemblies (9) respectively pass through the two waist slot holes (1002) and are fixedly installed with the tops of two sliders (14).

3. The root depth detection device for sorghum growth period according to claim 2, characterized in that: A slider (14) is slidably installed in each slideway cavity (1001). A rack (15) is fixedly installed at the bottom of each slideway cavity (1001). Each material taking mechanism includes an electric telescopic rod (13) and a clamping block (16). A groove adapted to the electric telescopic rod (13) is opened at the top of each slider (14). Each electric telescopic rod (13) is fixedly installed in the corresponding groove. A clamping groove for clamping sorghum stalks is opened on one side of each clamping block (16). The other side of each clamping block (16) is fixedly installed with the telescopic end of the corresponding electric telescopic rod (13).

4. The device for detecting root depth during sorghum growth period according to claim 3, characterized in that: On one side of the bottom of each of the sliders (14), a notch for avoiding the rack (15) is formed. On one side of each of the sliders (14) away from the clamping block (16), a spur gear (20) meshing with the rack (15) is rotatably installed. On one side of each of the clamping blocks (16) close to the slider (14), a rotating shaft (18) is rotatably installed. One end of each of the rotating shafts (18) passes through the corresponding slider (14) and is fixedly installed at the rotation center of the spur gear (20). At the bottom of each of the clamping blocks (16), a knocking mechanism is provided.

5. The root depth detection device for sorghum growth period according to claim 4, characterized in that: The knocking mechanism includes a cam (19), a second return spring rod (25), a top block (26), a convex block (27), a sliding shaft (28), a pushing spring (29) and a knocking block (30). The cam (19) is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the rotating shaft (18). The top block (26) is slidably installed on one side of the clamping block (16) away from the clamping groove. An inclined surface is formed on the surface of the top block (26). The second return spring rod (25) is fixedly installed on the surface of the clamping block (16). The telescopic end of the second return spring rod (25) is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the top block (26). The convex block (27) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the clamping block (16). A limiting hole (2701) is formed on the surface of the convex block (27). A plurality of limiting grooves (2801) adapted to the limiting hole (2701) are formed on the surface of the sliding shaft (28). The sliding shaft (28) is slidably installed in the limiting hole (2701). The knocking block (30) is fixedly installed at one end of the sliding shaft (28) close to the clamping groove. The pushing spring (29) is sleeved on the surface of the sliding shaft (28). The pushing spring (29) is in a compressed state and its two ends respectively abut against the adjacent sides of the knocking block (30) and the convex block (27).

6. The device for detecting root depth during sorghum growth period according to claim 5, characterized in that: A screw (33) is fixedly installed at one end of the sliding shaft (28) away from the knocking block (30). An adjusting nut (32) is threadedly sleeved on the surface of the screw (33). An adjusting rod (31) is slidably installed in the limiting groove (2801). One end of the adjusting rod (31) is rotatably connected to the adjusting nut (32) and the other end abuts against the surface of the convex block (27). A pushing groove (2802) adapted to the top block (26) is formed on the surface of the sliding shaft (28). On one side of each of the clamping blocks (16) close to the cam (19), a connecting bracket (12) is fixedly installed. Each of the connecting brackets (12) has a U-shaped structure with an opening facing downwards. An avoiding groove (1201) is formed on the surface of one end of each of the connecting brackets (12).

7. The device for detecting root depth during sorghum growth period according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter plate (11) is slidably mounted in the cleaning box (6); the thickness of the filter plate (11) is matched to the width of the avoidance groove (1201); the surface of the filter plate (11) is slidably embedded in the avoidance groove (1201) formed by the two connecting brackets (12); a first return spring rod (22) and a waterproof cover (23) for protecting the first return spring rod (22) are fixedly mounted at two corners on one side of the cleaning box (6) close to the block (21); the telescopic ends of the two first return spring rods (22) pass through the bottom of the waterproof cover (23) and are fixedly mounted on the top of the block (21).

8. The device for detecting root depth during sorghum growth period according to claim 1, characterized in that: A servo motor (5) is fixedly mounted on the top of the side panel (2); the output end of the servo motor (5) is connected to the rotation center of the top end of the screw rod (4) via a coupling; a plurality of self-locking universal wheels (3) are mounted around the bottom of the base (1); a handle is fixedly mounted on one side of the side panel (2); and a plurality of hooks (8) for hanging tools are fixedly mounted in each of the equipment brackets (7).

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