An air pressure sink tank float box adjusting device and method adaptive to water depth

Abstract

The application provides an adaptive water depth air pressure sinking tank floating box adjusting device and method, which comprises a channel for connecting a shield head and a shield bottom, the outside of the channel is provided with a floating box capable of lifting, a rack is arranged on the outer wall of the channel, and a gear mechanism for cooperating with the rack is arranged on the floating box; the gear mechanism comprises a gear, the gear is engaged with the rack, a turbine is coaxially arranged on the wheel shaft of the gear, the turbine and a worm constitute a turbine worm drive, the worm is connected with a power device for providing rotating power, and the turbine worm drive synchronously drives the gear and the rack to drive the channel to freely float up and down along the floating box; the inside of the floating box is provided with a water discharge system, and the water discharge system is used for adjusting the floating force of the floating box by discharging water or taking in water. The rigid connection structure is arranged for the connection between the floating box and the channel, the floating box and the channel can move up and down through the connection structure, and the connection structure has the functions of locking and floating force detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pneumatic caisson installation technology, specifically to a pneumatic caisson float adjustment device and method that adapts to water depth. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, pneumatic caissons have the following characteristics: there is no rigid connection between the buoy and the channel. However, the caisson needs to be moved by adjusting the buoy. Therefore, a rigid connection between the buoy and the channel can be designed to assist in the movement and adjustment of the caisson. Similarly, when the pneumatic caisson is in use, if there is a sudden and excessive rise in water level, the buoy may collide with the shield.

[0003] Channel: 0.9m in diameter, 8 sections in total. Used to connect the shield head and shield base, it features a dual-channel design; the length combination should be selected according to the requirements of different water depths. Floating Box: External dimensions: 9m × 7m × 2.9m (length × width × height), weight 24.5t. It has a saddle-shaped exterior and is equipped with a displacement device, serving as the main component providing buoyancy for the caisson. Currently, the caisson displacement control system is not perfect and needs to be redesigned to control the movement of the caisson.

[0004] In summary, the existing channel structure is not rigidly connected to the pontoon. When the pontoon needs to provide lift to the pneumatic caisson, it can only be anchored to each other by steel wire ropes or cables, which is relatively outdated and lacks adjustment capability. During the use of the pneumatic caisson, if there is a sudden and excessive rise in water level, the pontoon is prone to colliding with the shield head. Furthermore, when the pneumatic caisson is moved, adjusting the vertical position of the pontoon is cumbersome and the process is relatively awkward, making it unsuitable for sudden situations. Therefore, a relevant device is designed to solve the above problems.

[0005] Furthermore, when the caisson is moved on a slope, efficient horizontal movement and lifting are often carried out simultaneously. However, there is no good control system to prevent the shield bottom from dragging on the ground during rapid horizontal movement, especially when there is a height difference at the bottom of the dam. During the bottom-sitting operation, a sudden and excessive rise in water level increases buoyancy, which may cause the entire structure to lift, endangering the safety of personnel inside the shield. Therefore, designing relevant control methods is crucial. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the existing technical problems, the main objective of this invention is to provide an adaptive water depth pneumatic caisson float adjustment method. This method involves setting up a connecting structure for a rigid connection between the float and the channel, allowing the float and channel to move vertically. The method also includes locking and buoyancy detection functions. Furthermore, by setting up a float level and buoyancy sensor and a shield bottom distance sensor, combined with horizontal movement speed, float lifting speed, and water supply / drainage flow rate within the float, the method achieves overall intelligent control. This prevents the pneumatic caisson from dragging on the bottom during horizontal movement or from suddenly rising water levels during maintenance work at the bottom, which could cause the entire pneumatic caisson to rise.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned technical features, the purpose of this invention is as follows: an adaptive water depth pneumatic sump pontoon adjustment device, comprising: a channel for connecting the shield head and the shield bottom, a pontoon that can be raised and lowered is provided outside the channel, a rack is provided on the outer wall of the channel, and a gear mechanism for cooperating with the rack is provided on the pontoon.

[0008] The gear mechanism includes a gear that meshes with a rack. A worm gear is coaxially mounted on the gear shaft. The worm gear and the worm constitute a worm gear drive and utilize the characteristics of the worm gear for self-locking. The worm is connected to a power device that provides rotational power and synchronously drives the gear and rack drive through the worm gear drive to drive the channel to float freely up and down along the float.

[0009] The pontoon is equipped with a drainage system, and its buoyancy can be adjusted by draining or filling water.

[0010] A clutch is provided between the turbine and the worm gear to control their engagement or disengagement.

[0011] The bottom of the pontoon is equipped with a pressure sensor for detecting the buoyancy of the water.

[0012] The bottom of the shield is equipped with a distance sensor for monitoring the distance between the shield bottom and the ground.

[0013] A method for adjusting the floating tank of a pneumatic sump tank that adapts to water depth, the method being implemented using the aforementioned adjusting device, includes the following steps:

[0014] First, the up-and-down movement of the pontoon affects the overall volume of the pneumatic submersible below the water surface, thus affecting the buoyancy of the pneumatic submersible. The formula is as follows:

[0015] ;

[0016] In the formula, The volume difference caused by the movement of the pontoon; This represents the speed at which the pontoon moves up and down, with downward movement being positive. The area of ​​the bottom surface of the pontoon; The area of ​​the bottom of the channel; This is the difference between the lower surface area of ​​the pontoon and the bottom area of ​​the channel; The time it takes for the pontoon to move; The density of water; It is the acceleration due to gravity;

[0017] Secondly, the pontoon can be drained through the drainage system, which affects the overall weight of the pneumatic caisson, as shown in the formula:

[0018] ;

[0019] In the formula: This represents the weight difference before and after the pneumatic sump. This represents the weight difference of the water inside the float before and after the water level changes. The pumping speed of the pontoon is taken as the positive value for drainage. This refers to the time for pumping out water;

[0020] The change in the state of the pneumatic caisson during ascent and descent depends on the difference between buoyancy and its own weight. Let this difference be G, then the formula is as follows:

[0021] ;

[0022] Since the forces are balanced in the suspended state, we get:

[0023] ;

[0024] but:

[0025] ;

[0026] Both sides of the formula are applied simultaneously t Taking the derivative, we get:

[0027] ;

[0028] In the formula: This represents the rate of change of the difference between the buoyancy and gravity received by the pontoon, which affects the rate of change of the rising or falling speed of the pneumatic caisson, and manifests as the smoothness of the pontoon's ascent or descent process. All are constants, therefore able to pass , The size is controlled.

[0029] A method for adjusting the float of a pneumatic submersible tank that adapts to water depth, including the specific control method:

[0030] Feedback data from the pressure sensor F ,but:

[0031] ;

[0032] ;

[0033] ;

[0034] in:

[0035] ;

[0036] Based on this, Subtracting from the time interval yields In turn, feedback data The control system passes through Status Adjustment Size, guarantee The value changes smoothly, and then control is applied. The size ensures the smooth raising and lowering of the pneumatic caisson;

[0037] The distance sensor feedback data is denoted as Before the pneumatic sump is moved, its range is set, that is, it is ordered to... ,when The value is close to the lower limit. B At that time, the control system controls , Let it be positive. A positive value indicates that the pneumatic sump rises as a whole; when The value is close to the upper limit. A At that time, the control system controls , If the value is negative, let A negative value indicates that the pneumatic sump tank is descending as a whole, and this is adjusted through the control system. Y The value is controlled within the median of the set range.

[0038] When necessary, according to F If the calculated ΔF / Δt shows a sudden drop or rise, synchronize with... v 3. Adjustments were made, including v 3 represents the movement speed of the pneumatic sump.

[0039] A method for adjusting the float of a pneumatic sump tank that adapts to water depth:

[0040] 1. The pneumatic caisson is moved from the shallow water area to the deep water area:

[0041] Step 1: Drain the floating box to lift the entire pneumatic submersible off the ground;

[0042] Step two: The drive unit provides power to start the pneumatic caisson moving horizontally. At the same time, the shield head receives data transmitted from the pressure sensor and distance sensor, and prepares the distance sensor data in advance.Y Set a range;

[0043] Step 3:

[0044] Scenario 1: When Y When the value approaches the lower limit of the interval, the worm gear drive synchronously drives the rack and pinion drive to move the channel upward. At the same time, the float box performs a drainage operation, thereby controlling the entire pneumatic tank to move upward and away from the ground. Y The value increased;

[0045] Scenario 2: Y As the value approaches the upper limit of the interval, the worm gear drive synchronously drives the rack and pinion drive to move the channel downwards. Simultaneously, the float box initiates water intake, thereby controlling the entire pneumatic submersible to move downwards, closer to the ground. Y The value decreased;

[0046] Through the above controls, Y The value is controlled within the set range;

[0047] Step four: The pneumatic sump reaches the final position and is deactivated. Y With the value range limited, the worm gear drive synchronously drives the gear rack drive to move the channel downward, while the float box performs water intake operation, and the pneumatic sump slowly falls and lands on the ground;

[0048] Step 5: In all steps 1 through 4 above, receive and monitor the data transmitted back from the pressure sensor. F ;

[0049] Scenario 1: Data F The rapid ascent slows down the upward movement of the channel driven by the rack and pinion transmission, and at the same time, the operation of the float box to drain water is slowed down.

[0050] Scenario 2: Data F The rapid descent slows down the downward movement of the channel driven by the rack and pinion transmission, and at the same time, the water intake operation of the float box is slowed down.

[0051] II. The pneumatic submersible is moved from the deep water zone to the shallow water zone:

[0052] When the pneumatic caisson is moved from the deep water area to the shallow water area, the specific operation mode is the same as when the pneumatic caisson is moved from the shallow water area to the deep water area.

[0053] III. Pneumatic Container Lowering Operation:

[0054] When the pneumatic caisson is lowered to the bottom, a sudden rise in the water level is considered a data point. F The value rose sharply. Y With the value remaining unchanged, the control gear and rack transmission moves the channel downwards, while the float box performs a drainage operation to maintain [the desired level]. FThe value remains unchanged. When the pontoon rises to the upper limit, the worm gear drive will automatically lock to prevent it from colliding with the shield head.

[0055] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0056] 1. This invention uses a rigid connection between the pontoon and the channel that is adjustable in height and can be self-locking, making the equipment more compact after installation and avoiding mutual collision between the pontoon and the channel.

[0057] 2. The connection structure provided by this invention can be equipped with an intelligent control system, which allows personnel to operate inside the shield head to control the floating box up and down, thereby improving the automation level of the equipment.

[0058] 3. By using the device of the present invention, the pontoon can be locked to the channel, and the pontoon can also float freely up and down along the channel. This avoids the possibility of the pontoon hitting the shield head under certain circumstances, and also avoids the dangerous situation where the water level rises suddenly and the pontoon does not react in time and carries the pneumatic caisson away from the base.

[0059] 4. By setting up buoyancy sensors for the pontoon water level and shield bottom distance sensors, combined with the horizontal movement speed, pontoon lifting speed and water supply and drainage flow rate inside the pontoon, overall intelligent control is carried out to prevent the pneumatic caisson from dragging the bottom when moving horizontally, or from the pneumatic caisson from rising as a whole due to a sudden rise in water level during maintenance work.

[0060] 5. Lifting and lowering control can be achieved by using gear and rack meshing. At the same time, the internal worm gear is the driving component and the turbine is the driven component. The turbine and gear are arranged coaxially. This allows for self-locking by utilizing the characteristics of the worm gear. The vertical position can be moved by the gear and rack. At the same time, a clutch is set between the worm gear and the worm to disengage the self-locking control, and the float will float freely up and down along the channel. Attached Figure Description

[0061] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0062] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the control device structure of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the movement process of the pneumatic sump tank of the present invention.

[0064] In the diagram: 1. Channel; 2. Rack; 3. Gear mechanism; 4. Float box; 5. Pressure sensor; 6. Distance sensor; 7. Shield bottom; 8. Shield head. Detailed Implementation

[0065] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0066] Example 1:

[0067] like Figure 1 As shown, an adaptive water depth pneumatic sump adjustment device includes: a channel 1 for connecting the shield head 8 and the shield bottom 7; a pontoon 4 capable of being raised and lowered is provided outside the channel 1; a rack 2 is provided on the outer wall of the channel 1; and a gear mechanism 3 for cooperating with the rack 2 is provided on the pontoon 4; the gear mechanism 3 includes a gear that meshes with the rack 2; a worm gear is coaxially mounted on the axle of the gear; the worm gear and the worm constitute a worm gear transmission, and the worm gear characteristics are used for self-locking; the worm is connected to a power device for providing rotational power, and synchronously drives the rack and gear transmission through the worm gear transmission to drive the channel 1 to float freely up and down along the pontoon 4; the pontoon 4 is provided with a drainage system, and the buoyancy of the pontoon 4 is adjusted by draining or filling water. This invention employs the aforementioned adjustment device, which uses a gear and rack transmission mechanism between the pontoon 4 and the channel 1, and a worm gear transmission mechanism as the power source, ensuring a rigid connection between the pontoon and the channel. This results in a more compact installation and prevents collisions between the pontoon and the channel. The connection structure allows for the installation of an automatic control system, enabling personnel to operate the pontoon from inside the shield head, thus enhancing the automation level of the equipment. Using this device, the pontoon can be locked to the channel, or allowed to float freely up and down along the channel. This prevents the pontoon from colliding with the shield head under certain circumstances and avoids the dangerous situation where a sudden rise in water level causes the pontoon to fail to react in time and pull the pneumatic caisson away from the base.

[0068] Furthermore, a clutch is provided between the turbine and the worm gear to control their engagement or disengagement. This clutch facilitates power output control, thereby driving the rack and pinion transmission mechanism and ultimately achieving lifting control.

[0069] Furthermore, a pressure sensor 5 is installed at the bottom of the pontoon 4 to detect the buoyancy of the water acting on the pontoon 4. Furthermore, a distance sensor 6 is installed at the bottom of the shield bottom 7 to monitor the distance between the shield bottom 7 and the ground. By setting the pontoon water level pressure sensor 5 and the shield bottom distance sensor, combined with the horizontal movement speed, pontoon lifting speed, and water supply and drainage flow rate within the pontoon, overall intelligent control is achieved to prevent the pneumatic caisson from dragging during horizontal movement or from suddenly rising water levels during maintenance work at the bottom, causing the entire pneumatic caisson to rise.

[0070] Example 2:

[0071] A method for adjusting the floating tank of a pneumatic sump tank that adapts to water depth, the method being implemented using the aforementioned adjusting device, includes the following steps:

[0072] First, the up-and-down movement of pontoon 4 affects the overall volume of the pneumatic submersible below the water surface, thus affecting the buoyancy of the pneumatic submersible. The formula is as follows:

[0073] ;

[0074] In the formula, The volume difference caused by the movement of the pontoon; This represents the speed at which the pontoon moves up and down, with downward movement being positive. The area of ​​the bottom surface of the pontoon; The area of ​​the bottom of the channel; This is the difference between the lower surface area of ​​the pontoon and the bottom area of ​​the channel; The time it takes for the pontoon to move; The density of water; It is the acceleration due to gravity;

[0075] Secondly, the pontoon can be drained through the drainage system, which affects the overall weight of the pneumatic caisson, as shown in the formula:

[0076] ;

[0077] In the formula: This represents the weight difference before and after the pneumatic sump. This represents the weight difference of the water inside the float before and after the water level changes. The pumping speed of the pontoon is taken as the positive value for drainage. This refers to the time for pumping out water;

[0078] The change in the state of the pneumatic caisson during ascent and descent depends on the difference between buoyancy and its own weight. Let this difference be G, then the formula is as follows:

[0079] ;

[0080] Since the forces are balanced in the suspended state, we get:

[0081] ;

[0082] but:

[0083] ;

[0084] Both sides of the formula are applied simultaneously t Taking the derivative, we get:

[0085] ;

[0086] In the formula: This represents the rate of change of the difference between the buoyancy and gravity received by the pontoon, which affects the rate of change of the rising or falling speed of the pneumatic caisson, and manifests as the smoothness of the pontoon's ascent or descent process. All are constants, therefore able to pass , The size is controlled.

[0087] A method for adjusting the float of a pneumatic submersible tank that adapts to water depth, including the specific control method:

[0088] Feedback data from pressure sensor 5 F ,but:

[0089] ;

[0090] ;

[0091] ;

[0092] in:

[0093] ;

[0094] Based on this, Subtracting from the time interval yields In turn, feedback data The control system passes through Status Adjustment Size, guarantee The value changes smoothly, and then control is applied. The size ensures the smooth raising and lowering of the pneumatic caisson;

[0095] The feedback data from distance sensor 6 is recorded as Before the pneumatic sump is moved, its range is set, that is, it is ordered to... ,when The value is close to the lower limit. B At that time, the control system controls , Let it be positive. A positive value indicates that the pneumatic sump rises as a whole; when The value is close to the upper limit. A At that time, the control system controls , If it is a negative value, let A negative value indicates that the pneumatic sump tank is descending as a whole, and this is adjusted through the control system. Y The value is controlled within the median of the set range.

[0096] When necessary, according to F If the calculated ΔF / Δt shows a sudden drop or rise, synchronize with... v 3. Adjustments were made, including v 3 represents the movement speed of the pneumatic sump.

[0097] Example 3:

[0098] A method for adjusting the float of a pneumatic sump tank that adapts to water depth:

[0099] 1. The pneumatic caisson is moved from the shallow water area to the deep water area:

[0100] Step 1: Floating box 4 drains water, lifting the entire pneumatic submersible off the ground;

[0101] Step two: The drive unit provides power to start the pneumatic caisson moving horizontally. At the same time, the shield head receives data transmitted from pressure sensor 5 and distance sensor 6, and prepares the data from distance sensor 6 in advance. Y Set a range;

[0102] Step 3:

[0103] Scenario 1: When Y When the value approaches the lower limit of the interval, the worm gear drive synchronously drives the rack and pinion drive to move channel 1 upward. At the same time, the float box 4 performs a drainage operation, thereby controlling the entire pneumatic sump to move upward and away from the ground. Y The value increased;

[0104] Scenario 2: Y As the value approaches the upper limit of the interval, the worm gear drive synchronously drives the rack and pinion drive to move channel 1 downwards. Simultaneously, the float box 4 initiates water intake, thereby controlling the entire pneumatic submersible to move downwards, closer to the ground. Y The value decreased;

[0105] Through the above controls, Y The value is controlled within the set range;

[0106] Step four: The pneumatic sump reaches the final position and is deactivated. Y With the value range limited, the worm gear transmission synchronously drives the rack and pinion transmission to move the channel 1 downward, while the float box 4 performs water intake operation, and the pneumatic sink tank slowly falls and lands on the ground;

[0107] Step 5: In all steps 1 through 4 above, receive and monitor the data transmitted back from pressure sensor 5. F ;

[0108] Scenario 1: Data F The rapid ascent slows down the upward movement of channel 1 driven by the rack and pinion transmission, and at the same time, the drainage operation of float box 4 is slowed down.

[0109] Scenario 2: Data F The rapid descent slows down the downward movement of channel 1 caused by the control gear and rack transmission, and at the same time, the water intake operation of float box 4 is slowed down.

[0110] II. The pneumatic submersible is moved from the deep water zone to the shallow water zone:

[0111] When the pneumatic caisson is moved from the deep water area to the shallow water area, the specific operation mode is the same as when the pneumatic caisson is moved from the shallow water area to the deep water area.

[0112] III. Pneumatic Container Lowering Operation:

[0113] When the pneumatic caisson is lowered to the bottom, a sudden rise in the water level is considered a data point. F The value rose sharply. Y With the value unchanged, the control gear and rack transmission drives channel 1 to move downwards, while the float box 4 performs a drainage operation to maintain [the desired level]. F The value remains unchanged. When the pontoon rises to the upper limit, the worm gear drive will automatically lock to prevent it from colliding with the shield head.

[0114] Example 4:

[0115] The core control mechanism of this invention:

[0116] 1. Based on the above settings Y value range F The value allows for intelligent and coordinated control of the vertical movement speed of the pontoon and the water supply and drainage flow rate within the pontoon, based on the working status of the pneumatic condensate tank. When necessary, the overall horizontal movement speed can be controlled simultaneously.

[0117] 2 for Y The value range is set to be open or closed according to the working status. For example, the value range is closed when the pneumatic sump is lowering to the bottom or before it enters the lowering process after it has reached its position. Y Value setting. Enabled during horizontal or vertical movement.

[0118] 3. When the water level rises rapidly, in order to prevent the pontoon from colliding with the shield head, the intelligent pontoon locking function automatically identifies and activates the locking function based on the upper limit position of the pontoon's rise, so as to stop it from rising.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting the floating box of a pneumatic caisson that adapts to water depth, comprising: A channel (1) is used to connect the shield head (8) and the shield bottom (7). A floating box (4) capable of being raised and lowered is provided outside the channel (1). A rack (2) is provided on the outer wall of the channel (1). A gear mechanism (3) for cooperating with the rack (2) is provided on the floating box (4). The gear mechanism (3) includes a gear that meshes with the rack (2). A worm gear is coaxially mounted on the axle of the gear. The worm gear and the worm constitute a worm gear drive and are self-locked by utilizing the characteristics of the worm gear. The worm is connected to a power device for providing rotational power and drives the rack and gear drive synchronously through the worm gear drive to drive the channel (1) to float freely up and down along the floating box (4). A water discharge system is provided inside the floating box (4) and the buoyancy of the floating box (4) is adjusted by draining or filling water. The method is characterized by comprising:

1. The pneumatic caisson is moved from the shallow water area to the deep water area: Step 1: Drain the water from the floating box (4) to lift the entire pneumatic submersible off the ground; Step two: The drive unit provides power to make the pneumatic sink begin to move horizontally. At the same time, the shield head receives data transmitted from the pressure sensor (5) and the distance sensor (6), and prepares the data of the distance sensor (6) in advance. Y Set a range; Step 3: Scenario 1: When Y As the value approaches the lower limit of the interval, the worm gear drive synchronously drives the rack and pinion drive to move the channel (1) upward, while the float box (4) performs a drainage operation, thereby controlling the entire pneumatic sink to move upward and away from the ground. Y The value increased; Scenario 2: Y As the value approaches the upper limit of the interval, the worm gear drive synchronously drives the rack and pinion drive to move the channel (1) downward, while the float (4) performs water intake operation, thereby controlling the entire pneumatic submersible to move downward and closer to the ground. Y The value decreased; Through the above controls, Y The value is controlled within the set range; Step four: The pneumatic sump reaches the final position and is deactivated. Y With the value range limited, the worm gear drive synchronously drives the gear rack drive to move the channel (1) downward, while the float box (4) performs water intake operation, the air pressure sink slowly falls and lands on the ground; Step 5: In all the steps from Step 1 to Step 4 above, receive and monitor the data transmitted back by the pressure sensor (5). F ; Scenario 1: Data F The rapid ascent slows down the upward movement of the channel (1) driven by the rack and pinion transmission, and at the same time, the operation of the floating box (4) to drain water is slowed down. Scenario 2: Data F The rapid descent slows down the downward movement of the channel (1) driven by the rack and pinion transmission, and at the same time slows down the water intake operation of the float (4); II. The pneumatic submersible is moved from the deep water zone to the shallow water zone: When the pneumatic caisson is moved from the deep water area to the shallow water area, the specific operation mode is the same as when the pneumatic caisson is moved from the shallow water area to the deep water area. III. Pneumatic Container Lowering Operation: When the pneumatic caisson is lowered to the bottom, a sudden rise in the water level is considered a data point. F The value rose sharply. Y The value remains unchanged, and the control gear rack drive drives the channel (1) to move downward, while the float (4) performs a drainage operation to maintain the position. F The value remains unchanged. When the pontoon rises to the upper limit, the worm gear drive will automatically lock to prevent it from colliding with the shield head.

2. The method for adjusting the floating tank of an adaptive water depth pneumatic caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that, A clutch is provided between the turbine and the worm gear to control their engagement or disengagement.

3. The method for adjusting the floating box of a pneumatic submersible tank that adapts to water depth according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the float (4) is provided with a pressure sensor (5) for detecting the magnitude of the buoyancy force of the water on the float (4).

4. The method for adjusting the floating tank of an adaptive water depth pneumatic caisson according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the shield (7) is equipped with a distance sensor (6) for monitoring the distance between the shield (7) and the ground.

5. The method for adjusting the floating tank of an adaptive water depth pneumatic caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: First, the up-and-down movement of the pontoon (4) affects the overall volume of the pneumatic submersible below the water surface, thus affecting the buoyancy of the pneumatic submersible, as denoted by the formula: ； In the formula, The volume difference caused by the movement of the pontoon; This represents the speed at which the pontoon moves up and down, with downward movement being positive. The area of ​​the bottom surface of the pontoon; The area of ​​the bottom of the channel; This is the difference between the lower surface area of ​​the pontoon and the bottom area of ​​the channel; The time it takes for the pontoon to move; The density of water; It is the acceleration due to gravity; Secondly, the pontoon can be drained through the drainage system, which affects the overall weight of the pneumatic caisson, as shown in the formula: ； In the formula: This represents the weight difference before and after the pneumatic sump. This represents the weight difference of the water inside the float before and after the water level changes. The pumping speed of the pontoon is taken as the positive value for drainage. This refers to the time for pumping out water. The change in the state of the pneumatic caisson during ascent and descent depends on the difference between buoyancy and its own weight. Let this difference be G, then the formula is as follows: ； Since the forces are balanced in the suspended state, we get: ； but: ； Both sides of the formula are applied simultaneously t Taking the derivative, we get: ； In the formula: This represents the rate of change of the difference between the buoyancy and gravity received by the pontoon, which affects the rate of change of the rising or falling speed of the pneumatic caisson, and manifests as the smoothness of the pontoon's ascent or descent process. All are constants, therefore able to pass , The size is controlled.

6. The method for adjusting the floating tank of an adaptive water depth pneumatic caisson according to claim 5, characterized in that, Specific control methods: Feedback data from the pressure sensor (5) F ,but: ； ； ； in: ； Based on this, Subtracting from the time interval yields In turn, feedback data The control system passes through Status Adjustment Size, guarantee The value changes smoothly, and then control is applied. The size ensures the smooth raising and lowering of the pneumatic caisson; The distance sensor (6) feedback data is recorded as follows: Before the pneumatic sump is moved, its range is set, that is, it is ordered to... ,when The value is close to the lower limit. B At that time, the control system controls , Let it be positive. A positive value indicates that the pneumatic sump rises as a whole; when The value is close to the upper limit. A At that time, the control system controls , If the value is negative, let A negative value indicates that the pneumatic sump tank is descending as a whole, and this is adjusted through the control system. Y The value is controlled within the median of the set range.

7. The method for adjusting the floating tank of an adaptive water depth pneumatic caisson according to claim 6, characterized in that, according to F If the calculated ΔF / Δt shows a sudden drop or rise, synchronize with... v 3. Adjustments were made, including v 3 represents the movement speed of the pneumatic sump.

Images