A method and device for detecting carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil

Abstract

The present invention discloses a determination method and device for detecting the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil, and relates to the field of soil detection technology. It comprises a box body, a crushing and screening component is installed inside the box body, a processing component for processing soil samples is installed on the top of the box body, and a calculation module for calculating the carbon-nitrogen ratio is installed inside the box body. The present invention sets the processing component and the determination method, based on the fact that the total carbon-nitrogen content of the soil is equal to the sum of the carbon-nitrogen content of the soil and the carbon-nitrogen content of the microorganisms, the processing component can realize the processing of the soil and the separation of the soil and the extract, and then obtain the difference of the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the two extracts, combine the carbon-nitrogen algorithm to obtain the microbial carbon-nitrogen ratio, and convert the microbial carbon-nitrogen ratio into the microbial carbon-nitrogen ratio, and then obtain the total soil carbon-nitrogen ratio, the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio and the microbial carbon-nitrogen ratio, so as to ensure the accuracy of the carbon-nitrogen ratio detection in the soil, and provide a favorable reference for the subsequent measurement of the soil condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil detection, and in particular to a method and a device for detecting the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil. Background Art

[0002] The carbon-nitrogen ratio is the ratio of carbon content to nitrogen content. It is one of the key indicators for measuring soil fertility and nutritional status. By understanding the content and ratio of carbon and nitrogen in the soil, it provides a scientific basis for optimizing soil management, increasing crop yields, protecting the environment and responding to climate change.

[0003] When testing the carbon-nitrogen ratio of soil, there are microorganisms in the soil. Since they contain carbon and nitrogen in their bodies, the carbon and nitrogen elements contained in these microorganisms will inevitably be detected during the testing process, which will in turn affect the accuracy of the determination of the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the soil and the carbon-nitrogen status of the soil, and provide an unfavorable reference for subsequent measurement of the soil condition. For this reason, a method and device for detecting the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil are invented. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for detecting the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a measuring device for detecting the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil, comprising a box body, a crushing and screening component is installed inside the box body, a processing component for processing a soil sample is installed on the top of the box body, a calculation module for calculating the carbon-nitrogen ratio is installed inside the box body, a weighing platform for detecting the weight of a soil sample is installed on the box body, a detection device for detecting the carbon-nitrogen content of a soil sample is installed on the box body, and the processing component includes a first processing device for removing microorganisms in the soil;

[0006] The first treatment device comprises a frame, the frame is mounted on the box body, a sealed tank is mounted on the frame, a stirring device for stirring soil fine powder is mounted inside the sealed tank, a vacuum pump for controlling the inside of the sealed tank to be in a vacuum state is mounted on the sealed tank, a first feeding device for introducing an extract into the inside is mounted on the sealed tank, a second feeding device for introducing chloroform into the inside is mounted on the sealed tank, a separation device for achieving phase separation of the extract and the soil fine powder is mounted on the discharge end of the sealed tank, and a second treatment device for detecting the carbon and nitrogen content of microorganisms in the extract is mounted on the discharge end of the separation device;

[0007] The separation device comprises a separation tank, which is fixedly mounted on the frame, and a separation assembly for realizing solid-liquid separation is installed inside the separation tank; a power device for controlling the transmission path is installed on the frame, and the power device comprises a No. 1 motor, which is fixedly mounted on the frame, and a No. 1 transmission assembly for controlling power transmission is installed on the frame, and the No. 1 transmission assembly comprises a No. 1 shaft and a No. 2 shaft, the No. 1 shaft is the power end of the stirring device, and the No. 2 shaft is the power end of the separation assembly, and slave transmission gears are respectively installed on the No. 1 shaft and the No. 2 shaft;

[0008] The output end of the No. 1 motor is fixedly connected to a driving gear, the inner wall of the frame is rotatably connected to a rotating cylinder, the inner wall of the rotating cylinder is slidably connected to a No. 1 moving frame, the No. 1 moving frame is fixedly connected to a No. 2 transmission gear, a moving component for controlling the movement of the No. 1 moving frame is installed on the frame, the outer wall of the rotating cylinder is fixedly connected to a driven gear, and the outer wall of the driven gear is meshed with the outer wall of the driving gear.

[0009] Furthermore, the crushing and screening assembly includes a tank body, which is mounted on a box body, a drying device is installed inside the tank body, a telescopic part No. 1 is fixedly connected to the top of the inside of the tank body, a micro-vibration assembly is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic part No. 1, a crushing assembly is installed on the telescopic end of the micro-vibration assembly, a No. 2 motor is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the tank body, a transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the output end of the No. 2 motor, a turntable and an eccentric wheel are respectively fixedly connected to the outer walls of the transmission shaft, the outer wall of the eccentric wheel is rotatably connected to a vibrating screen, a discharging part is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the vibrating screen, and a feeding assembly for feeding materials to the turntable is installed on the tank body.

[0010] Furthermore, the crushing assembly includes a transmission assembly, which is installed on the telescopic end of the micro-vibration assembly, and the output end of the transmission assembly is fixedly connected with a soft abrasive part, and a shock-absorbing pad is installed between the vibrating screen and the tank body; the transmission assembly includes a No. 2 mobile frame, which is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the micro-vibration assembly, and the top of the soft abrasive part is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the No. 2 mobile frame, and the outer wall at the top of the transmission shaft is slidably connected with a No. 1 gear, and the top of the No. 1 gear is slidably connected to the No. 2 mobile frame, and a No. 2 gear for meshing with the No. 1 gear is rotatably connected to the No. 2 mobile frame, and a No. 3 gear for meshing with the No. 2 gear is fixedly connected to the top of the soft abrasive part.

[0011] Furthermore, the separation component includes a rotating tank, which is fixedly mounted on the second shaft, the top of the rotating tank is rotatably connected to the top of the inside of the sealing tank, the inner wall of the rotating tank is installed with a filter membrane component, the bottom end of the filter membrane component is fixedly connected with a threaded cover, and the outer wall of the threaded cover is threadedly connected to the bottom of the rotating tank.

[0012] Furthermore, the moving component includes a No. 3 motor, which is fixedly mounted on the frame, and an output end of the No. 3 motor is fixedly connected to a threaded rod, an outer wall of the threaded rod is threadedly connected to a threaded part, an outer wall of the threaded part is rotatably connected to a limiting frame, an inner wall at one end of the limiting frame is rotatably connected to an outer wall of the No. 1 moving frame, a limiting component for limiting the rotation of the threaded part is installed on the limiting frame, and the outer wall of the limiting frame is slidably connected to the frame.

[0013] Furthermore, the limiting assembly includes a fixing frame, which is fixedly mounted on the limiting frame, to which a second telescopic member is fixedly connected, and a friction wheel for contacting the threaded member is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second telescopic member.

[0014] Furthermore, the micro-vibration assembly includes a moving plate, the moving plate is fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the first telescopic member, and a telescopic cylinder is installed between the moving plate and the second moving frame;

[0015] One end of the No. 2 gear is fixedly connected to a cylinder, the outer wall of the cylinder is rotatably connected to a connecting rod, the bottom end of the movable plate is rotatably connected to a crank, the outer wall of one end of the crank is rotatably connected to the top of the connecting rod, the top of the No. 2 movable frame is fixedly connected to a placement frame, and the inner wall of the placement frame is movably connected to the outer wall of the crank;

[0016] The feeding assembly includes a movable outer tube, which is fixedly mounted on a movable plate, a sealing top cover is fixedly connected to the interior of the movable outer tube, a conveying pipe is fixedly connected to the second movable frame, and the outer wall of the conveying pipe is slidably connected to the inner wall of the movable outer tube.

[0017] A method for detecting the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil, using the above-mentioned device for detecting the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil, the method comprising:

[0018] Sampling: Obtain a gross soil sample from the target area;

[0019] Soil treatment: the soil is moved to the crushing and screening assembly, which dries and crushes the soil, removes impurities from the soil, and obtains fine soil powder;

[0020] Division: Divide the soil fine powder into several soil samples, weigh each soil sample, obtain the sample weight and the corresponding relationship between the soil samples, and divide the several soil samples into experimental groups and control groups. The experimental groups include experimental group No. 1 and experimental group No. 2;

[0021] Original determination: soil samples from the control group were moved to the detection device to obtain the total carbon and nitrogen content of the soil, and combined with the weight of the soil samples, the total carbon-nitrogen ratio of the soil and the total carbon-nitrogen ratio of the soil were obtained;

[0022] Determination No. 1: The No. 1 experimental group is moved to the No. 1 processing device. The soil samples of the No. 1 experimental group are subjected to chloroform fumigation, leaching and separation to obtain No. 1 solid and No. 1 extract. The No. 1 extract is moved to the No. 2 processing device. The No. 1 carbon and nitrogen content is obtained by the No. 2 processing device. After the No. 1 solid is dried and crushed, the No. 1 solid is weighed and moved to the detection device to obtain the carbon and nitrogen content of the No. 1 solid;

[0023] Determination No. 2: The soil samples of the No. 2 experimental group are moved into a sealed tank, and after extraction and separation, No. 2 solid and No. 2 extract are obtained. The No. 2 extract is moved to the No. 2 processing device, and the No. 2 carbon and nitrogen content is obtained after the No. 2 processing device is measured. After the No. 2 solid is dried and crushed, the No. 2 solid is weighed and moved to the detection device to obtain the No. 2 solid carbon and nitrogen content;

[0024] Combined processing: The carbon and nitrogen content of solid No. 1, the carbon and nitrogen content of solid No. 2, the carbon and nitrogen content of No. 1, the carbon and nitrogen content of No. 2 and the sample weight of the corresponding soil are combined with the carbon and nitrogen algorithm to obtain the microbial carbon and nitrogen content;

[0025] Data summary and analysis: The carbon and nitrogen content of solid No. 1, the carbon and nitrogen content of solid No. 2, the microbial carbon and nitrogen content, the total carbon and nitrogen content of soil and the sample weight were combined to obtain the microbial carbon and nitrogen ratio, the total soil carbon and nitrogen ratio, the microbial carbon and nitrogen ratio and the total soil carbon and nitrogen ratio. The total soil carbon and nitrogen ratio is the ratio of the total soil carbon and nitrogen content to the corresponding soil sample weight.

[0026] Furthermore, the total soil carbon-nitrogen ratio is the ratio of the total soil carbon-nitrogen content to the corresponding sample weight, the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio is the ratio of the soil carbon-nitrogen content to the corresponding sample weight, and the microbial carbon-nitrogen ratio is the ratio of the microbial carbon-nitrogen content to the corresponding sample weight.

[0027] Furthermore, the carbon-nitrogen algorithm includes: obtaining a No. 1 carbon-nitrogen ratio based on the No. 1 carbon-nitrogen content and the sample weight of the corresponding soil, obtaining a No. 2 carbon-nitrogen ratio based on the No. 2 carbon-nitrogen content and the sample weight of the corresponding soil, obtaining the difference between the No. 1 carbon-nitrogen ratio and the No. 2 carbon-nitrogen ratio, and dividing the difference by a No. 1 conversion coefficient to obtain a microbial carbon-nitrogen content ratio, wherein the No. 1 conversion coefficient includes a microbial biomass carbon content conversion coefficient and a microbial biomass nitrogen content conversion coefficient.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] The determination method and device for detecting the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil, through the setting of the processing component and the determination method, based on the fact that the total carbon-nitrogen content of the soil is equal to the sum of the carbon-nitrogen content of the soil and the carbon-nitrogen content of the microorganism, the processing component can realize the processing of the soil and the separation of the soil and the extract, so as to facilitate the subsequent detection of the carbon-nitrogen content in the extract, the processing component can realize the separate processing of the No. 1 experimental group and the No. 2 experimental group, and then obtain the difference of the carbon-nitrogen ratios in the two extracts, combine the carbon-nitrogen algorithm to obtain the microbial carbon-nitrogen ratio, convert the microbial carbon-nitrogen ratio into the microbial carbon-nitrogen ratio, and simultaneously obtain the carbon-nitrogen content of the No. 1 solid and the No. 2 solid, and then obtain the total soil carbon-nitrogen ratio, the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio and the microbial carbon-nitrogen ratio, so as to ensure the accuracy of the detection of the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the soil, and provide a favorable reference for the subsequent measurement of the soil condition, the processing component can realize the separate processing of the No. 1 experimental group and the No. 2 experimental group, and can realize the processing and separation of the soil samples, so as to ensure the practicality of the processing component.

[0030] At the same time, through the setting of the measurement method, the total soil carbon-nitrogen ratio, soil carbon-nitrogen ratio and microbial carbon-nitrogen ratio were obtained, and the total soil carbon-nitrogen ratio was directly obtained. Experimental group No. 1 and experimental group No. 2 were processed to obtain the solid carbon-nitrogen content of No. 1, the solid carbon-nitrogen content of No. 2, the carbon-nitrogen content of No. 1 and the carbon-nitrogen content of No. 2. The solid carbon-nitrogen content of No. 1 was combined with the carbon-nitrogen content of No. 1 to obtain the total soil carbon-nitrogen content of experimental group No. 1, and the solid carbon-nitrogen content of No. 2 was combined with the carbon-nitrogen content of No. 2 to obtain the total soil carbon-nitrogen content of experimental group No. 2. Then the difference between the carbon-nitrogen ratio of No. 1 and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of No. 2 was obtained, so as to calculate the microbial content ratio later, which provides convenience for the detection of the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the soil. By comprehensively understanding the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the soil, it provides help for subsequent research on soil conditions.

[0031] Through the setting of the power device, when measuring the carbon and nitrogen content of microorganisms and the carbon and nitrogen content of soil, it is necessary to measure multiple soil samples. The No. 1 processing device can realize the processing of soil samples. Due to the existence of multiple measurements, in order to shorten the measurement time, the separation device and the stirring device can be operated simultaneously or separately. The power device provides power for the separation device and the stirring device. The moving device controls the transmission path of the power device. The moving component and the limiting component control the movement of the limiting frame, thereby controlling the change in the distance between the slave transmission gear and the No. 2 transmission gear to achieve contact and separation. Power can be transmitted when in contact. When separated, the rotation of the No. 2 transmission gear will not affect the slave transmission gear, thereby ensuring the practicality of the power device.

[0032] By setting up the crushing and screening component and the transmission component, the soft abrasive part and the turntable rotate in opposite directions, so that the soil can be crushed. At the same time, the use of the micro-vibration component changes the distance between the soft abrasive part and the turntable during the rotation of the soft abrasive part, thereby improving the crushing effect of the crushing and screening component on the soil. The vibrating screen screens the crushed soil to obtain soil fine powder, ensure the particle fineness of the soil fine powder, and facilitate the subsequent processing of the soil fine powder. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is an isometric view of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is an isometric view of the crushing and screening assembly of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the crushing and screening assembly of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 An internal diagram of the crushing and screening assembly of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 It is an isometric view of the processing device No. 1 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the power device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the separation device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 is an isometric view of the power plant of the present invention;

[0041] Fig. 9 is an isometric view of the power plant and the restriction assembly of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.10 is an isometric view of the mobile assembly of the present invention;

[0043] Fig.11 is an isometric view of the micro-vibration assembly of the present invention;

[0044] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the assay method of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.13 The present invention is a flow chart for detecting carbon and nitrogen content.

[0046] In the figure: 1. Box body; 2. Crushing and screening assembly; 201. Tank body; 202. Telescopic part No. 1; 203. Mobile frame No. 2; 204. Soft grinding part; 205. Motor No. 2; 206. Turntable; 207. Eccentric wheel; 208. Vibrating screen; 209. Discharging part; 210. Transmission shaft; 211. Gear No. 1; 212. Gear No. 2; 213. Gear No. 3; 3. Processing assembly; 301. Frame; 302. Sealed tank; 4. Computing module; 5. Detection device; 6. Limiting assembly; 601. Fixed frame; 602. Telescopic part No. 2; 603. Friction wheel; 7. Power device; 701. Motor No. 1; 702. Driving gear ;703, rotating cylinder;704, No. 1 moving frame;705, driven gear;706, No. 2 driving gear;707, No. 3 motor;708, threaded rod;709, threaded part;710, limiting frame;711, driven gear;8, separation device;801, separation tank;802, rotating tank;803, filter membrane part;804, threaded cover;9, micro-vibration component;901, moving plate;902, cylinder;903, telescopic cylinder;904, crank;905, connecting rod;906, placement rack;10, feeding component;1001, moving outer tube;1002, sealing top cover;1003, conveying pipe;11, No. 2 processing device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] like Figure 1 - Fig.13 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a measuring device for detecting the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil, comprising a box body 1, a crushing and screening component 2 is installed inside the box body 1, a processing component 3 for processing a soil sample is installed on the top of the box body 1, a calculation module 4 for calculating the carbon-nitrogen ratio is installed inside the box body 1, a weighing platform for detecting the weight of a soil sample is installed on the box body 1, a detection device 5 for detecting the carbon-nitrogen content of a soil sample is installed on the box body 1, and the processing component 3 includes a processing device No. 1 for removing microorganisms in the soil;

[0049] The first processing device includes a frame 301, the frame 301 is mounted on the box body 1, a sealed tank 302 is mounted on the frame 301, a stirring device for stirring soil fine powder is mounted inside the sealed tank 302, a vacuum pump for controlling the inside of the sealed tank 302 to be in a vacuum state is mounted on the sealed tank 302, a first feeding device for introducing an extract into the inside is mounted on the sealed tank 302, a second feeding device for introducing chloroform into the inside is mounted on the sealed tank 302, a separation device 8 for separating the extract from the soil fine powder is mounted at the discharge end of the sealed tank 302, and a second processing device 11 for detecting the carbon and nitrogen content of microorganisms in the extract is mounted at the discharge end of the separation device 8;

[0050] The separation device 8 includes a separation tank 801, which is fixedly mounted on the frame 301, and a separation component for realizing solid-liquid separation is installed inside the separation tank 801; a power device 7 for controlling the transmission path is installed on the frame 301, and the power device 7 includes a No. 1 motor 701, which is fixedly mounted on the frame 301, and a No. 1 transmission component for controlling power transmission is installed on the frame 301, and the No. 1 transmission component includes a No. 1 shaft and a No. 2 shaft, the No. 1 shaft is the power end of the stirring device, and the No. 2 shaft is the power end of the separation component, and the No. 1 shaft and the No. 2 shaft are respectively installed with slave transmission gears 705;

[0051] The output end of motor No. 1 701 is fixedly connected to a driving gear 702, the inner wall of the frame 301 is rotatably connected to a rotating cylinder 703, the inner wall of the rotating cylinder 703 is slidably connected to a moving frame No. 1 704, the moving frame No. 1 704 is fixedly connected to a transmission gear No. 2 706, a moving assembly for controlling the movement of the moving frame No. 1 704 is installed on the frame 301, the outer wall of the rotating cylinder 703 is fixedly connected to a driven gear 711, and the outer wall of the driven gear 711 is meshed with the outer wall of the driving gear 702.

[0052] Furthermore, the crushing and screening component 2 includes a tank body 201, which is installed on the box body 1, and a drying device is installed inside the tank body 201. The top of the tank body 201 is fixedly connected to a telescopic member No. 1 202, and the telescopic end of the telescopic member No. 1 202 is fixedly connected to a micro-vibration component 9, and the telescopic end of the micro-vibration component 9 is installed with a crushing component. The bottom end of the tank body 201 is fixedly connected to a No. 2 motor 205, and the output end of the No. 2 motor 205 is fixedly connected to a transmission shaft 210. The outer walls of the transmission shaft 210 are respectively fixedly connected to a turntable 206 and an eccentric wheel 207, and the outer wall of the eccentric wheel 207 is rotatably connected to a vibrating screen 208. The bottom end of the vibrating screen 208 is fixedly connected to a discharge member 209, and a feeding component 10 for feeding materials to the turntable 206 is installed on the tank body 201.

[0053] Furthermore, the crushing assembly includes a transmission assembly, which is installed on the telescopic end of the micro-vibration assembly 9, and the output end of the transmission assembly is fixedly connected with a soft abrasive part 204, and a shock-absorbing pad is installed between the vibrating screen 208 and the tank body 201; the transmission assembly includes a No. 2 mobile frame 203, which is fixedly installed on the telescopic end of the micro-vibration assembly 9, the top of the soft abrasive part 204 and the bottom of the No. 2 mobile frame 203 are rotatably connected, the outer wall of the top of the transmission shaft 210 is slidably connected with a No. 1 gear 211, the top of the No. 1 gear 211 is slidably connected with the No. 2 mobile frame 203, and a No. 2 gear 212 for meshing with the No. 1 gear 211 is rotatably connected to the No. 2 mobile frame 203, and a No. 3 gear 213 for meshing with the No. 2 gear 212 is fixedly connected to the top of the soft abrasive part 204.

[0054] Furthermore, the separation component includes a rotating tank 802, which is fixedly mounted on the second axis. The top of the rotating tank 802 is rotatably connected to the top of the inside of the sealing tank 302. A filter membrane member 803 is installed on the inner wall of the rotating tank 802. The bottom end of the filter membrane member 803 is fixedly connected to a threaded cover 804. The outer wall of the threaded cover 804 is threadedly connected to the bottom of the rotating tank 802.

[0055] Furthermore, the moving component includes a No. 3 motor 707, which is fixedly mounted on the frame 301, and the output end of the No. 3 motor 707 is fixedly connected to a threaded rod 708, and the outer wall of the threaded rod 708 is threadedly connected to a threaded member 709, and the outer wall of the threaded member 709 is rotatably connected to a limiting frame 710, and the inner wall of one end of the limiting frame 710 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the No. 1 moving frame 704, and a limiting component 6 for limiting the rotation of the threaded member 709 is installed on the limiting frame 710, and the outer wall of the limiting frame 710 is slidably connected to the frame 301.

[0056] Furthermore, the limiting assembly 6 includes a fixing frame 601, which is fixedly mounted on the limiting frame 710, to which a second telescopic member 602 is fixedly connected, and a friction wheel 603 for contacting the threaded member 709 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second telescopic member 602.

[0057] Furthermore, the micro-vibration assembly 9 includes a moving plate 901, which is fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the first telescopic member 202, and a telescopic cylinder 903 is installed between the moving plate 901 and the second moving frame 203;

[0058] One end of the second gear 212 is fixedly connected to a cylinder 902, the outer wall of the cylinder 902 is rotatably connected to a connecting rod 905, the bottom end of the movable plate 901 is rotatably connected to a crank 904, the outer wall of one end of the crank 904 is rotatably connected to the top of the connecting rod 905, the top of the second movable frame 203 is fixedly connected to a placement frame 906, and the inner wall of the placement frame 906 is movably connected to the outer wall of the crank 904;

[0059] The feeding assembly 10 includes a movable outer tube 1001, which is fixedly mounted on the movable plate 901. A sealing top cover 1002 is fixedly connected to the interior of the movable outer tube 1001. A conveying pipe 1003 is fixedly connected to the No. 2 movable frame 203. The outer wall of the conveying pipe 1003 and the inner wall of the movable outer tube 1001 are slidably connected.

[0060] A method for detecting the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil, using the above-mentioned device for detecting the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil, the method comprising:

[0061] Sampling: Obtain a gross soil sample from the target area;

[0062] Soil treatment: the soil is moved to the crushing and screening component 2, the crushing and screening component 2 dries and crushes the soil, removes impurities in the soil, and obtains fine soil powder;

[0063] Division: Divide the soil fine powder into several soil samples, weigh each soil sample, obtain the sample weight and the corresponding relationship between the soil samples, and divide the several soil samples into experimental groups and control groups. The experimental groups include experimental group No. 1 and experimental group No. 2;

[0064] Original determination: the soil samples in the control group are moved to the detection device 5 to obtain the total carbon and nitrogen content of the soil, and the total carbon and nitrogen ratio of the soil and the total carbon and nitrogen ratio of the soil are obtained by combining the weight of the soil samples;

[0065] Determination No. 1: The No. 1 experimental group is moved to the No. 1 processing device. The soil sample of the No. 1 experimental group is subjected to chloroform fumigation, leaching and separation to obtain No. 1 solid and No. 1 extract. The No. 1 extract is moved to the No. 2 processing device 11. The No. 1 carbon and nitrogen content is obtained by the measurement of the No. 2 processing device 11. After the No. 1 solid is dried and crushed, the No. 1 solid is weighed and moved to the detection device 5 to obtain the carbon and nitrogen content of the No. 1 solid;

[0066] Determination No. 2: The soil sample of the No. 2 experimental group is moved into the sealed tank 302, and after leaching and separation, a No. 2 solid and a No. 2 extract are obtained. The No. 2 extract is moved to the No. 2 processing device 11, and the No. 2 carbon and nitrogen content is obtained after the No. 2 processing device 11 is measured. After the No. 2 solid is dried and crushed, the No. 2 solid is weighed and moved to the detection device 5 to obtain the No. 2 solid carbon and nitrogen content;

[0067] Combined processing: The carbon and nitrogen content of solid No. 1, the carbon and nitrogen content of solid No. 2, the carbon and nitrogen content of No. 1, the carbon and nitrogen content of No. 2 and the sample weight of the corresponding soil are combined with the carbon and nitrogen algorithm to obtain the microbial carbon and nitrogen content;

[0068] Data summary and analysis: The carbon and nitrogen content of solid No. 1, the carbon and nitrogen content of solid No. 2, the microbial carbon and nitrogen content, the total carbon and nitrogen content of soil and the sample weight were combined to obtain the microbial carbon and nitrogen ratio, the total soil carbon and nitrogen ratio, the microbial carbon and nitrogen ratio and the total soil carbon and nitrogen ratio. The total soil carbon and nitrogen ratio is the ratio of the total soil carbon and nitrogen content to the corresponding soil sample weight.

[0069] Furthermore, the total soil carbon-nitrogen ratio is the ratio of the total soil carbon-nitrogen content to the corresponding sample weight, the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio is the ratio of the soil carbon-nitrogen content to the corresponding sample weight, and the microbial carbon-nitrogen ratio is the ratio of the microbial carbon-nitrogen content to the corresponding sample weight.

[0070] Furthermore, the carbon-nitrogen algorithm includes: obtaining a No. 1 carbon-nitrogen ratio based on the No. 1 carbon-nitrogen content and the sample weight of the corresponding soil, obtaining a No. 2 carbon-nitrogen ratio based on the No. 2 carbon-nitrogen content and the sample weight of the corresponding soil, obtaining the difference between the No. 1 carbon-nitrogen ratio and the No. 2 carbon-nitrogen ratio, and dividing the difference by a No. 1 conversion coefficient to obtain a microbial carbon-nitrogen content ratio, wherein the No. 1 conversion coefficient includes a microbial biomass carbon content conversion coefficient and a microbial biomass nitrogen content conversion coefficient.

[0071] The carbon-nitrogen ratio is the ratio of the carbon and nitrogen content to the weight of the soil sample, and the carbon-nitrogen ratio is the ratio of the carbon-nitrogen content to the nitrogen content. The total carbon-nitrogen content of the soil is equal to the sum of the carbon-nitrogen content of the soil and the microbial carbon-nitrogen content. In order to obtain the carbon-nitrogen content of the soil, there are two methods. One is to obtain the total carbon-nitrogen content of the soil and the microbial carbon-nitrogen content, subtract the two, obtain the soil carbon-nitrogen content, and then obtain the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio. The other is to remove the microorganisms in the soil, detect the carbon-nitrogen content of the soil after removing the microorganisms, and obtain the soil carbon-nitrogen content. By detecting the carbon-nitrogen content of solid No. 1 and the carbon-nitrogen content of solid No. 2, combined with the carbon-nitrogen content of No. 1 and the carbon-nitrogen content of No. 2, the total weight of soil carbon and nitrogen of the soil samples in the experimental group can be obtained, which is convenient for providing a reference for the microbial carbon-nitrogen ratio in the soil. The microbial carbon-nitrogen ratio in the soil can also be a reference data for soil fertility and nutritional status. Since the weight of each sample will be inconsistent, each sample needs to be weighed and labeled for subsequent distinction. The sample weight can be used as a basic reference for the subsequent carbon-nitrogen content.

[0072] Chloroform fumigation refers to a method for determining soil microbial biomass. The principle and steps of fumigation are as follows: soil samples and chloroform are placed in a dryer, gaseous chloroform is diffused in the soil pores by vacuum extraction, and the chloroform is cultured under dark conditions to allow sufficient contact between the chloroform and the soil, thereby destroying the cell membrane structure of soil microorganisms and promoting the release of active components of microbial cells. After fumigation, the chloroform is taken out and the residual chloroform in the soil is removed by repeated vacuum extraction. The inside of the sealed tank 302 is circulated and vacuumed by a vacuum pump to remove the residual chloroform in the soil. After that, the extract is introduced into the sealed tank 302 through the No. 2 feeding device, and the extract and the soil are stirred by the stirring device. After the stirring and mixing is completed, the mixed solution inside the sealed tank 302 is moved to the separation device 8. When the sealed tank 302 separates the mixed solution, the sealed tank 302 can continue to treat the subsequent soil with chloroform, so that the No. 1 treatment device can perform treatment at the same time.

[0073] By comparing the difference in carbon and nitrogen content between fumigated and unfumigated soils and using a specific conversion coefficient, there is an existing technology for obtaining the No. 1 conversion coefficient, and the soil microbial biomass carbon and microbial biomass nitrogen can be calculated. These indicators are important parameters for evaluating soil fertility and microbial activity. The No. 1 conversion coefficient includes the microbial biomass carbon content conversion coefficient and the microbial biomass nitrogen content conversion coefficient. There are existing technologies and solutions for obtaining the carbon content conversion coefficient and the nitrogen content conversion coefficient. The carbon content conversion coefficient and the nitrogen content conversion coefficient of the target area are obtained by the existing method, so as to subsequently calculate the microbial carbon and nitrogen content ratio. The extract includes but is not limited to potassium sulfate solution, and 0.5 mol / L is added Potassium sulfate solution, through the existence of the stirring device, allows chloroform to fully contact with the soil, and at the same time, during the extraction, the soil and the extract can also be fully contacted. After that, the soil and the extract are moved into the separation tank 801 of the separation device 8, and the transmission gear 705 and the second shaft are rotated. At this time, the threaded cover 804 and the rotating tank 802 are threadedly connected, and then the filter membrane 803 is installed on the inner wall of the rotating tank 802. The second shaft causes the rotating tank 802 to rotate, and then the threaded cover 804 and the filter membrane 803 rotate, so that the soil and the extract perform centrifugal motion, so that the soil and the extract are The leaching solution can be moved to the second treatment device 11, and the second treatment device 11 detects the carbon and nitrogen content in the leaching solution. There is a prior art for the second treatment device 11. The second treatment device 11 includes but is not limited to Shimadzu TOC instrument. Advanced instruments such as Shimadzu TOC instrument measure the carbon and nitrogen content in the leaching solution. These instruments can provide high-precision measurement results to obtain the carbon and nitrogen content in the leaching solution. The separated soil is then dried and crushed, and then the soil is moved to the detection device 5 to detect the carbon and nitrogen content of the soil, combined with the carbon and nitrogen content in the leaching solution. , and then the total carbon and nitrogen content of the entire soil sample is obtained. The experimental groups in the soil sample are divided into experimental group No. 1 and experimental group No. 2. The soil samples of experimental group No. 1 are subjected to chloroform fumigation, leaching and separation, and the soil samples of experimental group No. 2 are subjected to leaching and separation to obtain the corresponding carbon-nitrogen ratio, as well as the difference between the carbon-nitrogen ratio of experimental group No. 1 and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of experimental group No. 2. Through the setting of processing component 3, based on the fact that the total carbon and nitrogen content of the soil is equal to the sum of the carbon and nitrogen content of the soil and the carbon and nitrogen content of the microorganisms, processing component 3 can realize the treatment of the soil, and subsequently realize the treatment of the soil and the leaching The separation of the liquid is convenient for the subsequent detection of the carbon and nitrogen content in the extract. The processing component 3 can realize the processing of the No. 1 experimental group and the No. 2 experimental group, and then obtain the difference in the carbon-nitrogen ratios in the extracts of the two, and combine the carbon-nitrogen algorithm to obtain the microbial carbon-nitrogen ratio, and the microbial carbon-nitrogen ratio is converted into the microbial carbon-nitrogen ratio. At the same time, the carbon and nitrogen content of the No. 1 solid and the No. 2 solid is obtained, and then the total soil carbon-nitrogen ratio, the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio and the microbial carbon-nitrogen ratio are obtained, which ensures the accuracy of the carbon-nitrogen ratio detection in the soil and provides a favorable reference for the subsequent measurement of the soil conditions. Through the setting of the power device 7,When measuring the carbon and nitrogen content of microorganisms and soil, multiple soil samples need to be measured. The No. 1 processing device can process the soil samples. Due to multiple measurements, in order to shorten the measurement time, the separation device 8 and the stirring device can be operated simultaneously or separately. The power device 7 provides power for the separation device 8 and the stirring device. The moving device controls the transmission path of the power device 7. The moving component and the limiting component 6 control the movement of the limiting frame 710 to control the change of the spacing between the slave transmission gear 705 and the No. 2 transmission gear 706 to achieve contact and separation. When in contact, power can be transmitted. When separated, the rotation of the No. 2 transmission gear 706 will not affect the slave transmission gear 705, thereby ensuring the practicality of the power device 7.

[0074] Impurities in the soil include stones. Although the crushing and screening components cannot completely crush all the soil into fine powder, the drying device can dry the soil inside the tank 201. The soil is easily crushed into fine powder under dry conditions. The soft abrasive part 204 is made of wear-resistant material and has elasticity. The output end of the No. 2 motor 205 and the transmission shaft 210 rotate, the telescopic end of the No. 1 telescopic part 202 moves, the micro-vibration component 9 and the crushing component move synchronously, the eccentric wheel 207 rotates, and the vibrating screen 208 is affected by the rotation of the eccentric wheel 207, so that the eccentric wheel 207 and the discharge part 209 vibrate. After the transmission of the transmission component, the No. 1 gear 211, the No. 2 gear 212 and the No. 3 gear 213 continuously transmit The first gear 211 slides on the transmission shaft 210 so that the second mobile frame 203 can also transmit during the movement. Due to the existence of the transmission component, the soft abrasive 204 and the turntable 206 rotate in opposite directions. The soil on the turntable 206 moves to the outside of the turntable 206 due to the rotation of the turntable 206, and the soil can be crushed through the gap between the soft abrasive 204 and the turntable 206. The gap between the soft abrasive 204 and the turntable 206 allows some small stones and soil to pass through the gap and fall onto the vibrating screen 208. Due to the rotation of the eccentric wheel 207, the vibrating screen 20 8 generates rotation, soil passes through the sieve holes on the vibrating screen 208 to obtain soil fine powder, small stones move due to the vibration of the vibrating screen 208 and move out from the discharge port of the vibrating screen 208, and fine powder moves out from the discharge piece 209, and the second gear 212 makes the cylinder 902 rotate, and the crank 904 rotates through the transmission of the connecting rod 905, and the mobile plate 901 and the second mobile frame 203 are installed with a telescopic cylinder 903, and the telescopic cylinder 903 can realize the movement between the mobile plate 901 and the second mobile frame 203, and the rotation of the crank 904 applies a force to the second mobile frame 203 through the placement frame 906, so that the second mobile frame 203 moves, and due to the cyclic rotation of the crank 904, the second mobile frame 203 is moved. The parts inside the second mobile frame 203 move synchronously to control the distance between the soft abrasive part 204 and the turntable 206 so that some large particles that are difficult to crush can pass through. By setting the crushing and screening component 2 and the transmission component, the soft abrasive part 204 and the turntable 206 can rotate in opposite directions to achieve soil crushing. At the same time, the use of the micro-vibration component 9 changes the distance between the soft abrasive part 204 and the turntable 206 during the rotation of the soft abrasive part 204, thereby improving the crushing effect of the crushing and screening component 2 on the soil, and the vibrating screen 208 screens the crushed soil to obtain soil fine powder, ensure the particle fineness of the soil fine powder, and facilitate the subsequent processing of the soil fine powder.

[0075] The movable outer tube 1001 is fixed to the movable plate 901, and the conveying tube 1003 is fixed to the No. 2 movable frame 203, so that when feeding, the conveying tube 1003 will move back and forth relative to the movable outer tube 1001, and the distance between the sealing top and the conveying tube 1003 will change. The bottom of the sealing top cover 1002 can clear the feeding port of the conveying tube 1003. This design can reduce the blockage of the soil in the conveying tube 1003.

[0076] The soil sample is contained in a sample bottle. In addition, a weighing platform is installed on the box body 1 to detect the weight of the soil sample. The box body 1 is equipped with a sample bottle for placing the soil sample and a placement rack 906 for placing the sample bottle. When each soil sample is weighed, the sample bottle and the soil sample are weighed at the same time. After the sample bottle moves the soil sample to the processing component 3 or the detection device 5, the sample bottle is weighed again, thereby preventing the residual soil sample in the sample bottle from affecting the weight data of the soil sample.

[0077] The output end of the No. 1 motor 701 rotates, and the driving gear 702 and the driven gear 711 drive the rotating cylinder 703 to rotate. The No. 1 moving frame 704 is controlled to move through the moving assembly, and then the distance between the No. 2 transmission gear 706 and the slave transmission gear 705 is controlled, so that the No. 2 transmission gear 706 and the slave transmission gear 705 can switch between the two states of separation and contact. When the No. 2 transmission gear 706 and the slave transmission gear 705 are in contact, the rotation of the transmission cylinder causes the No. 1 moving frame 704, the No. 2 transmission gear 706 and the slave transmission gear 705 to rotate, and then the stirring device is started to stir the internal components of the sealed tank 302. The output end of the No. 3 motor 707 and the threaded rod 708 rotate, and the threaded member 709 is screwed. The threaded rod 708 rotates, and the threaded member 709 and the limiting frame 710 are rotationally connected. The rotation relationship between the threaded member 709 and the limiting frame 710 is controlled by the limiting component 6. The telescopic end of the second telescopic member 602 moves to control the movement of the friction wheel 603, so that the friction wheel 603 and the threaded member 709 are in contact with each other, so that the position between the threaded member 709 and the limiting frame 710 is fixed. In this way, when the threaded rod 708 rotates, the threaded member 709 and the limiting frame 710 are regarded as a whole, so that the limiting frame 710, the No. 1 moving frame 704 and the No. 2 transmission gear 706 move, and the distance between the No. 2 transmission gear 706 and the slave transmission gear 705 is controlled to achieve transmission or disconnection.

[0078] like Fig.10As shown, the outer wall of the No. 1 movable frame 704 and the inner wall of the limiting frame 710 are rotatably connected, and the No. 1 movable frame 704 moves with the movement of the limiting frame 710. At the same time, the rotating cylinder 703 and the No. 1 movable frame 704 are slidably connected, and the rotation of the rotating cylinder 703 will cause the No. 1 movable frame 704 to rotate, thereby realizing that the No. 1 movable frame 704 can be rotated simultaneously during the movement process.

[0079] The detection device 5 includes but is not limited to a CHN analyzer, which can determine the carbon and nitrogen content by burning the sample and measuring the amount of carbon dioxide and nitrogen generated. The detection method of the detection device 5 includes: the soil sample enters the combustion furnace, and after rapid and complete combustion in the oxygen flow, the combustion product passes through the secondary furnace and is further oxidized, and then the gas is filtered and passes through a thermoelectric condensation device to remove moisture, and then enters the miscible cylinder, oxygen enters the miscible cylinder and mixes with the combustion gas in the miscible cylinder, and then the mixed gas enters the CO2 infrared detector and the sampling tube, when the gas reaches equilibrium, the carbon is detected by the infrared detector in the form of CO2, the gas in the sampling tube passes through a hot copper tube and a catalyst under the condition of helium as a carrier gas to remove oxygen and convert NOx into N2, and then passes through alkali asbestos and magnesium perchlorate to remove CO2 and water, and finally the gas enters a thermal conductivity cell detector to determine the nitrogen content. The detection device 5 has existing devices and schemes to realize the detection of carbon and nitrogen content in the soil, and the calculation module 4 can automatically calculate according to the input data, and the calculation program is set according to the determination method.

[0080] In the actual detection process, multiple measurements are required to obtain more comprehensive soil data, so the measuring device needs to be operated and processed multiple times; the soil fine powder used to measure the total soil carbon-nitrogen ratio and the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio are different. By measuring the total soil carbon-nitrogen ratio, the total soil carbon-nitrogen content per unit mass can be obtained, and the unit mass is grams or milligrams, which can provide a research standard for the soil carbon-nitrogen content and the microbial carbon-nitrogen content. Combined with the fact that the total soil carbon-nitrogen content is equal to the sum of the soil carbon-nitrogen content and the microbial carbon-nitrogen content per unit mass, it can provide a reference for the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio and the microbial carbon-nitrogen ratio. By setting the measurement method, the total soil carbon-nitrogen ratio, the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio and the microbial carbon-nitrogen ratio are obtained, and the total soil carbon-nitrogen ratio is directly obtained. The No. 1 experimental group and the No. 2 experimental group are processed to obtain The solid carbon-nitrogen content of No. 1, the solid carbon-nitrogen content of No. 2, the carbon-nitrogen content of No. 1 and the carbon-nitrogen content of No. 2, the solid carbon-nitrogen content of No. 1 and the carbon-nitrogen content of No. 1 are combined to obtain the total soil carbon-nitrogen content of the No. 1 experimental group, the solid carbon-nitrogen content of No. 2 and the carbon-nitrogen content of No. 2 are combined to obtain the total soil carbon-nitrogen content of the No. 2 experimental group, and then the difference between the carbon-nitrogen ratio of No. 1 and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of No. 2 is obtained, so as to calculate the microbial content ratio later, which provides convenience for the detection of the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the soil, thereby providing help for subsequent research on soil conditions by comprehensively understanding the carbon-nitrogen ratio in the soil.

[0081] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is limited by the attached embodiments and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A measuring device for detecting the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil, comprising a box body (1), characterized in that: A crushing and screening component (2) is installed inside the box body (1), a processing component (3) for processing a soil sample is installed on the top of the box body (1), a calculation module (4) for calculating a carbon-nitrogen ratio is installed inside the box body (1), a weighing table for detecting the weight of a soil sample is installed on the box body (1), a detection device (5) for detecting the carbon and nitrogen content of a soil sample is installed on the box body (1), and the processing component (3) includes a first processing device for removing microorganisms in the soil; The first treatment device comprises a frame (301), the frame (301) being mounted on the box body (1), a sealed tank (302) being mounted on the frame (301), a stirring device for stirring soil fine powder being mounted inside the sealed tank (302), a vacuum pump for controlling the sealed tank (302) to be in a vacuum state being mounted on the sealed tank (302), a first feeding device for introducing an extract into the interior being mounted on the sealed tank (302), a second feeding device for introducing chloroform into the interior being mounted on the sealed tank (302), a separation device (8) for achieving phase separation of the extract and the soil fine powder being mounted at the discharge end of the sealed tank (302), and a second treatment device (11) for detecting the carbon and nitrogen content of microorganisms in the extract being mounted at the discharge end of the separation device (8); The separation device (8) comprises a separation tank (801), the separation tank (801) is fixedly mounted on the frame (301), and a separation component for achieving solid-liquid separation is installed inside the separation tank (801); a power device (7) for controlling a transmission path is installed on the frame (301), the power device (7) comprises a No. 1 motor (701), the No. 1 motor (701) is fixedly mounted on the frame (301), and a No. 1 transmission component for controlling power transmission is installed on the frame (301), the No. 1 transmission component comprises a No. 1 shaft and a No. 2 shaft, the No. 1 shaft is the power end of the stirring device, and the No. 2 shaft is the power end of the separation component, and slave transmission gears (705) are respectively installed on the No. 1 shaft and the No. 2 shaft; The output end of the No. 1 motor (701) is fixedly connected to a driving gear (702); the inner wall of the frame (301) is rotatably connected to a rotating cylinder (703); the inner wall of the rotating cylinder (703) is slidably connected to a No. 1 moving frame (704); the No. 1 moving frame (704) is fixedly connected to a No. 2 transmission gear (706); a moving assembly for controlling the movement of the No. 1 moving frame (704) is installed on the frame (301); the outer wall of the rotating cylinder (703) is fixedly connected to a driven gear (711); the outer wall of the driven gear (711) is meshed with the outer wall of the driving gear (702); The crushing and screening assembly (2) comprises a tank body (201), the tank body (201) being mounted on the box body (1), a drying device being mounted inside the tank body (201), a first telescopic member (202) being fixedly connected to the top of the tank body (201), a micro-vibration assembly (9) being fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the first telescopic member (202), a crushing assembly being mounted on the telescopic end of the micro-vibration assembly (9), and a second motor (202) being fixedly connected to the bottom of the tank body (201). 205), the output end of the second motor (205) is fixedly connected to a transmission shaft (210), the outer wall of the transmission shaft (210) is respectively fixedly connected to a turntable (206) and an eccentric wheel (207), the outer wall of the eccentric wheel (207) is rotatably connected to a vibrating screen (208), the bottom end of the vibrating screen (208) is fixedly connected to a discharge piece (209), and a feeding assembly (10) for feeding materials onto the turntable (206) is installed on the tank body (201); The pulverizing assembly comprises a transmission assembly, which is mounted on the telescopic end of the micro-vibration assembly (9), the output end of the transmission assembly is fixedly connected to a soft abrasive component (204), and a shock-absorbing pad is installed between the vibrating screen (208) and the tank body (201); the transmission assembly comprises a second moving frame (203), which is fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the micro-vibration assembly (9), the top end of the soft abrasive component (204) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the second moving frame (203), the outer wall at the top of the transmission shaft (210) is slidably connected to a first gear (211), the top end of the first gear (211) is slidably connected to the second moving frame (203), a second gear (212) for meshing with the first gear (211) is rotatably connected to the second moving frame (203), and a third gear (213) for meshing with the second gear (212) is fixedly connected to the top end of the soft abrasive component (204); The moving assembly comprises a No. 3 motor (707), the No. 3 motor (707) is fixedly mounted on the frame (301), an output end of the No. 3 motor (707) is fixedly connected to a threaded rod (708), an outer wall of the threaded rod (708) is threadedly connected to a threaded member (709), an outer wall of the threaded member (709) is rotatably connected to a limiting frame (710), an inner wall at one end of the limiting frame (710) is rotatably connected to an outer wall of the No. 1 moving frame (704), a limiting assembly (6) for limiting the rotation of the threaded member (709) is mounted on the limiting frame (710), and an outer wall of the limiting frame (710) is slidably connected to the frame (301).

2. A measuring device for detecting the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation component comprises a rotating tank (802), the rotating tank (802) is fixedly mounted on the second shaft, the top of the rotating tank (802) is rotatably connected to the top of the inside of the sealing tank (302), a filter membrane (803) is mounted on the inner wall of the rotating tank (802), a threaded cover (804) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the filter membrane (803), and the outer wall of the threaded cover (804) is threadedly connected to the bottom of the rotating tank (802).

3. A measuring device for detecting the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting assembly (6) comprises a fixing frame (601), the fixing frame (601) being fixedly mounted on a limiting frame (710), a second telescopic member (602) being fixedly connected to the limiting frame (710), and a friction wheel (603) for contacting a threaded member (709) being fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the second telescopic member (602).

4. A measuring device for detecting the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micro-vibration assembly (9) comprises a moving plate (901), the moving plate (901) being fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the first telescopic member (202), and a telescopic cylinder (903) being mounted between the moving plate (901) and the second moving frame (203); One end of the second gear (212) is fixedly connected to a cylinder (902), the outer wall of the cylinder (902) is rotatably connected to a connecting rod (905), the bottom end of the movable plate (901) is rotatably connected to a crank (904), the outer wall of one end of the crank (904) is rotatably connected to the top of the connecting rod (905), the top of the second movable frame (203) is fixedly connected to a placement frame (906), and the inner wall of the placement frame (906) is movably connected to the outer wall of the crank (904); The feed assembly (10) comprises a movable outer tube (1001), the movable outer tube (1001) being fixedly mounted on a movable plate (901), the interior of the movable outer tube (1001) being fixedly connected to a sealing top cover (1002), the second movable frame (203) being fixedly connected to a conveying tube (1003), and the outer wall of the conveying tube (1003) and the inner wall of the movable outer tube (1001) being slidably connected.

5. A method for detecting the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil, using a device for detecting the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The determination method comprises: Sampling: Obtain a gross soil sample from the target area; Soil processing: the soil is moved to the crushing and screening component (2), the crushing and screening component (2) dries and crushes the soil, removes impurities in the soil, and obtains fine soil powder; Division: Divide the soil fine powder into several soil samples, weigh each soil sample, obtain the sample weight and the corresponding relationship between the soil samples, and divide the several soil samples into experimental groups and control groups. The experimental groups include experimental group No. 1 and experimental group No. 2; Original measurement: the soil sample in the control group is moved to the detection device (5) to obtain the total carbon and nitrogen content of the soil, and the total carbon and nitrogen ratio of the soil and the total carbon and nitrogen ratio of the soil are obtained by combining the weight of the soil sample; Determination No. 1: The No. 1 experimental group is moved to the No. 1 processing device. The soil sample of the No. 1 experimental group is subjected to chloroform fumigation, extraction and separation to obtain No. 1 solid and No. 1 extract. The No. 1 extract is moved to the No. 2 processing device (11). The No. 1 carbon and nitrogen content is obtained after being measured by the No. 2 processing device (11). After the No. 1 solid is dried and crushed, the No. 1 solid is weighed and moved to the detection device (5) to obtain the carbon and nitrogen content of the No. 1 solid; Determination No. 2: The soil sample of the No. 2 experimental group is moved into a sealed tank (302), and after extraction and separation, a No. 2 solid and a No. 2 extract are obtained. The No. 2 extract is moved to a No. 2 processing device (11), and the No. 2 carbon and nitrogen content is obtained after being measured by the No. 2 processing device (11). After the No. 2 solid is dried and crushed, the No. 2 solid is weighed and moved to the detection device (5) to obtain the carbon and nitrogen content of the No. 2 solid; Combined processing: The carbon and nitrogen content of solid No. 1, the carbon and nitrogen content of solid No. 2, the carbon and nitrogen content of No. 1, the carbon and nitrogen content of No. 2 and the sample weight of the corresponding soil are combined with the carbon and nitrogen algorithm to obtain the microbial carbon and nitrogen content; Data summary and analysis: The carbon and nitrogen content of solid No. 1, the carbon and nitrogen content of solid No. 2, the microbial carbon and nitrogen content, the total carbon and nitrogen content of soil and the sample weight were combined to obtain the microbial carbon and nitrogen ratio, the total soil carbon and nitrogen ratio, the microbial carbon and nitrogen ratio and the total soil carbon and nitrogen ratio. The total soil carbon and nitrogen ratio is the ratio of the total soil carbon and nitrogen content to the corresponding soil sample weight.

6. A method for detecting the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: The total soil carbon-nitrogen ratio is the ratio of the total soil carbon and nitrogen content to the corresponding sample weight, the soil carbon-nitrogen ratio is the ratio of the soil carbon and nitrogen content to the corresponding sample weight, and the microbial carbon-nitrogen ratio is the ratio of the microbial carbon and nitrogen content to the corresponding sample weight.

7. A method for detecting the carbon-nitrogen ratio in soil according to claim 5, characterized in that: The carbon-nitrogen algorithm includes: obtaining the No. 1 carbon-nitrogen ratio based on the No. 1 carbon-nitrogen content and the sample weight of the corresponding soil, obtaining the No. 2 carbon-nitrogen ratio based on the No. 2 carbon-nitrogen content and the sample weight of the corresponding soil, obtaining the difference between the No. 1 carbon-nitrogen ratio and the No. 2 carbon-nitrogen ratio, dividing the difference by the No. 1 conversion coefficient to obtain the microbial carbon-nitrogen content ratio, and the No. 1 conversion coefficient includes the microbial biomass carbon content conversion coefficient and the microbial biomass nitrogen content conversion coefficient.

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