A forklift counterweight self-balancing device

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of forklift self-balancing, and specifically refers to a forklift counterweight self-balancing device, comprising a forklift body, an independent suspension assembly and a liquid self-balancing device, wherein the liquid self-balancing device comprises a hydraulic power unit, a front hydraulic cylinder, a front counterweight compartment, a rear hydraulic cylinder and a rear counterweight compartment. The center of gravity state of the forklift is judged by sensing the different extension and contraction amounts of the front and rear independent suspension assemblies of the forklift, and the extension and contraction of the front hydraulic cylinder and the rear hydraulic cylinder are opened and closed by the control of a control valve, so as to realize dynamic balance adjustment of the forklift when loading goods, and at the same time, the centering hydraulic cylinder pushes the splint to move inward to center the load, thereby reducing the probability of the forklift tipping over.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of forklift self-balancing, and in particular relates to a forklift counterweight self-balancing device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of modern logistics and warehousing, forklifts are a commonly used handling tool, and their working efficiency and safety are crucial to improving overall operating efficiency. However, traditional forklifts have the following problems when loading goods of different weights and shapes:

[0003] 1) Traditional forklifts usually use fixed counterweights to adjust the center of gravity, but mechanical wear will occur during the adjustment process, reducing the service life of the forklift;

[0004] 2) The center of gravity of traditional forklifts is adjusted by moving the counterweight block back and forth on the guide rail. The response speed is slow and it is difficult to meet the rapidly changing work requirements. In addition, the guide rail of the counterweight block is generally straight. When the forklift load is tilted, the forklift cannot adjust the load, and it is easy to roll over when the center of gravity is offset. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a forklift counterweight self-balancing device, which determines the center of gravity state of the forklift by sensing the different extension and contraction amounts of the front and rear independent suspension components of the forklift, and opens and closes the extension and contraction of the front hydraulic cylinder and the rear hydraulic cylinder through the control of the control valve, and can respond quickly to change the liquid in the front and rear counterweight chambers, thereby changing the center of gravity of the forklift, and realizing dynamic balance adjustment of the forklift when loading goods; a load centering component is also creatively provided, and when the forks at the front end of the forklift lift the goods, the centering hydraulic cylinder is started to push the splint to move inward, so that the load is centered, thereby reducing the probability of the forklift tipping over.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: This solution provides a forklift counterweight self-balancing device, including a forklift body, an independent suspension component and a liquid self-balancing device; the independent suspension component is provided with two and is respectively arranged at the bottom end of the base of the forklift body, and the liquid self-balancing device is arranged at the top end of the base of the forklift body;

[0007] The liquid self-balancing device includes a hydraulic power unit, a front hydraulic cylinder, a front counterweight cabin, a rear hydraulic cylinder and a rear counterweight cabin; the hydraulic power unit is arranged in the middle of the top of the forklift body, and the hydraulic power unit includes an electric motor arranged in the middle of the base of the forklift body, a hydraulic pump connected to the electric motor in a transmission manner, and an oil tank that provides oil for the hydraulic pump; the front counterweight cabin and the rear counterweight cabin are symmetrically fixedly arranged at the top of the base of the forklift body, and a liquid pipeline is arranged between the front counterweight cabin and the rear counterweight cabin, and the two ends of the liquid pipeline are respectively connected to the inner cavity of the front counterweight cabin and the rear counterweight cabin, and the front counterweight cabin and the rear counterweight cabin are connected to the inner cavity of the front counterweight cabin and the rear counterweight cabin. The inner wall of the cabin is slidably connected with a front-end liquid pressure plate and a rear-end liquid pressure plate, respectively. When applying pressure to the liquid, the front-end counterweight cabin and the rear-end counterweight cabin can be effectively sealed, so that the counterweight cabin cavity is always in a fully loaded state, and the liquid shaking is prevented from affecting the balance of the forklift. The front-end hydraulic cylinder and the rear-end hydraulic cylinder are symmetrically fixedly arranged on the top of the base of the forklift body. The front-end hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the opening side of the front-end counterweight cabin, and the piston rod end of the front-end hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the front-end liquid pressure plate. The rear-end hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the opening side of the rear-end counterweight cabin, and the piston rod end of the rear-end hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the rear-end liquid pressure plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the front-end hydraulic cylinder and the rear-end hydraulic cylinder connect the oil inlet with the oil delivery port of the hydraulic pump of the hydraulic power unit through the oil supply pipeline, and the oil return ports of the front-end hydraulic cylinder and the rear-end hydraulic cylinder are connected with the oil tank through the oil return pipeline. A control valve is provided on the independent suspension assembly, and the oil supply pipeline and the oil return pipeline are respectively connected to the control valve in a through-type manner, so as to control the opening and closing of the oil supply pipeline and the oil return pipeline of the front-end hydraulic cylinder and the rear-end hydraulic cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, the independent suspension assembly includes a telescopic rod, a telescopic sleeve, a spring, a suspension bracket and a wheel; the top end of the telescopic rod is hinged to the bottom end of the base of the forklift body, the telescopic sleeve is sleeved on the telescopic rod for sensing the weight of the cargo, the two ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected to the top end of the telescopic rod and the lower side wall of the telescopic sleeve, the suspension bracket is hinged to the bottom end of the telescopic sleeve, and the wheels are symmetrically rotatably connected to the two ends of the suspension bracket.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the control valve adopts an external control valve, which includes an adjusting base and an adjusting plate. The adjusting base is fixedly arranged at the top of the independent suspension component. The side wall of the adjusting base is horizontally penetrated by a first oil channel and a second oil channel from top to bottom. The two ends of the first oil channel are connected to the oil supply pipeline, and the two ends of the second oil channel are connected to the oil return pipeline. A slide groove is arranged in the middle of the top of the adjusting base. The top of the adjusting plate is connected to the base of the forklift body, and the bottom end extends into the slide groove. The adjusting plate is horizontally penetrated by a first through hole that cooperates with the first oil channel and the second oil channel.

[0011] In another preferred embodiment, the control valve adopts an internal control valve, which includes a third oil channel, a fourth oil channel and a second through hole. The third oil channel and the fourth oil channel are horizontally penetrated from top to bottom in the lower part of the telescopic sleeve, and both ends of the third oil channel are connected to the oil supply pipeline, and both ends of the fourth oil channel are connected to the oil return pipeline. The second through hole is horizontally penetrated in the lower part of the telescopic rod.

[0012] Furthermore, a load centering component is also provided on the forklift body, and the load centering component includes a support plate, a clamp and a centering hydraulic cylinder; the support plate is fixedly arranged on the top end of the fork of the forklift body, the top end of the support plate is rotatably connected to a transmission gear, the clamp is symmetrically slidably connected to the top end of the support plate, racks are fixedly provided on the side walls of the opposite surfaces of the two clamps, the two racks are staggered and meshing with the transmission gear, the centering hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on the top end of the support plate, and the piston rod end of the centering hydraulic cylinder is connected to any clamp.

[0013] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows:

[0014] (1) The combination of independent suspension components and liquid self-balancing devices realizes dynamic balance adjustment of the forklift when loading goods. When the fork at the front end of the forklift lifts the goods, the independent suspension component at the front end of the forklift is compressed downward, and the independent suspension component at the rear end is extended. The liquid self-balancing device can respond quickly through the control of the control valve, so that the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder pushes the liquid pressure plate in the counterweight compartment to move, transfer the counterweight liquid, and thus change the center of gravity of the forklift to achieve a balanced state. Through the flow of liquid and the movement of the hydraulic cylinder, the center of gravity position of the forklift is adjusted in real time to ensure the stability of the forklift under various working conditions and avoid the mechanical wear caused by traditional counterweight blocks.

[0015] (2) The adjustment base and the adjustment plate are directly connected to the forklift base and the hydraulic cylinder. When the fork at the front end of the forklift lifts the cargo, the adjustment plate can respond quickly and adjust the flow direction of the liquid to ensure the rapid adjustment of the forklift's center of gravity. The adjustment base and the adjustment plate can automatically adjust the flow direction of the liquid without manual intervention, which improves the convenience and efficiency of operation. The structure of the adjustment base and the adjustment plate is relatively simple and easy to manufacture and maintain.

[0016] (3) The telescopic components of the independent suspension components are drilled and modified to make them easier to adapt to different forklift models, thereby improving the versatility and adaptability of the forklift. The telescopic sleeve and telescopic rod are directly connected to the hydraulic system, reducing the intermediate links and making the hydraulic system respond more directly and quickly to load changes.

[0017] (4) Using the clamping plate and the centering hydraulic cylinder, when the fork at the front end of the forklift lifts the cargo, the centering hydraulic cylinder is activated to push the clamping plate inward to center the load, thereby reducing the probability of the forklift tipping over and improving the stability and safety of the forklift when loading cargo. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a forklift counterweight self-balancing device proposed by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the external control valve proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the internal control valve proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the independent suspension assembly proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 A partial structural schematic diagram of the liquid self-balancing device proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the use state of the liquid self-balancing device proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Fig. 9 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the structural schematic diagram proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the load centering assembly proposed in the present invention.

[0028] Among them, 1. Forklift body; 2. Independent suspension assembly; 201. Telescopic rod; 202. Telescopic sleeve; 203. Spring; 204. Suspension bracket; 205. Wheel; 3. Liquid self-balancing device; 301. Hydraulic power unit; 302. Front counterweight compartment; 3021. Front liquid pressure plate; 303. Rear counterweight compartment; 3031. Rear liquid pressure plate; 304. Front hydraulic cylinder; 305. Rear hydraulic cylinder; 306. Liquid pipeline; 307. Oil supply pipeline; 308, oil return pipeline; 4, control valve; 4001, adjustment base; 4002, adjustment plate; 4003, first oil channel; 4004, second oil channel; 4005, slide groove; 4006, first through hole; 4011, third oil channel; 4012, fourth oil channel; 4013, second through hole; 5, load centering assembly; 501, support plate; 502, clamping plate; 503, centering hydraulic cylinder; 504, rack; 505, transmission gear.

[0029] Figure 8In the figure, a is the state diagram of the center of gravity moving forward, and b is the state diagram of the center of gravity moving backward.

[0030] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5-Figure 8 , this embodiment provides a forklift counterweight self-balancing device, including a forklift body 1, an independent suspension assembly 2 and a liquid self-balancing device 3;

[0033] Two independent suspension components 2 are provided and symmetrically arranged at the bottom end of the base of the forklift body 1;

[0034] The liquid self-balancing device 3 includes a hydraulic power unit 301, a front counterweight compartment 302, a rear counterweight compartment 303, a front hydraulic cylinder 304 and a rear hydraulic cylinder 305; the hydraulic power unit 301 is fixedly arranged at the middle of the top of the forklift body 1, and the hydraulic power unit 301 includes an electric motor arranged at the middle of the base of the forklift body 1, a hydraulic pump connected to the electric motor, and an oil tank for providing oil to the hydraulic pump;

[0035] The front counterweight compartment 302 and the rear counterweight compartment 303 are symmetrically fixedly arranged at the top of the base of the forklift body 1, and a liquid pipeline 306 is arranged between the front counterweight compartment 302 and the rear counterweight compartment 303, and the two ends of the liquid pipeline 306 are respectively connected to the inner cavity of the front counterweight compartment 302 and the rear counterweight compartment 303, and the inner walls of the front counterweight compartment 302 and the rear counterweight compartment 303 are respectively slidably connected with a front liquid pressure plate 3021 and a rear liquid pressure plate 3031, which can effectively seal the front counterweight compartment 302 and the rear counterweight compartment 303 while applying pressure to the liquid, so that the counterweight compartment cavity is always in a fully loaded state, preventing the liquid shaking from affecting the balance of the forklift, and the front hydraulic cylinder 304 and the rear hydraulic cylinder 305 are symmetrically fixedly arranged at the top of the base of the forklift body 1. The front hydraulic cylinder 304 is arranged at the front counterweight compartment 3 02, the piston rod end of the front hydraulic cylinder 304 is fixedly connected to the front liquid pressure plate 3021, the rear hydraulic cylinder 305 is arranged on the opening side of the rear counterweight compartment 303, the piston rod end of the rear hydraulic cylinder 305 is fixedly connected to the rear liquid pressure plate 3031, the oil inlets of the front hydraulic cylinder 304 and the rear hydraulic cylinder 305 are connected with the oil delivery port of the hydraulic pump of the hydraulic power unit 301 through the Y-shaped oil supply pipeline 307, the oil return ports of the front hydraulic cylinder 304 and the rear hydraulic cylinder 305 are connected with the hydraulic power unit 301 through the oil return pipeline 308, and a control valve 4 is provided on the independent suspension component 2, the oil supply pipeline 307 and the oil return pipeline 308 are respectively connected with the control valve 4 in a through-type manner, which is used to control the opening and closing of the oil supply pipeline 307 and the oil return pipeline 308 of the front hydraulic cylinder 304 and the rear hydraulic cylinder 305.

[0036] The independent suspension assembly 2 includes a telescopic rod 201, a telescopic sleeve 202, a spring 203, a suspension bracket 204 and a wheel 205; the top of the telescopic rod 201 is hinged to the bottom of the base of the forklift body 1, the telescopic sleeve 202 is sleeved on the telescopic rod 201, the two ends of the spring 203 are respectively fixedly connected to the top of the telescopic rod 201 and the lower side wall of the telescopic sleeve 202, the suspension bracket 204 is hinged to the bottom of the telescopic sleeve 202, and the wheel 205 is symmetrically rotatably connected to the two ends of the suspension bracket 204;

[0037] In this embodiment, when the fork at the front end of the forklift lifts the goods, the weight of the front end of the forklift will increase and the center of gravity will move forward. At this time, the telescopic rod 201 of the independent suspension assembly 2 at the front end of the forklift is compressed downward, and the telescopic rod 201 of the independent suspension assembly 2 at the rear end is extended upward. The control valve 4 conducts the oil supply line 307 of the front hydraulic cylinder 304 and the oil return line 308 of the rear hydraulic cylinder 305. The piston rod of the front hydraulic cylinder 304 pushes the front liquid pressure plate 3021 in the front counterweight compartment 302 to move, compressing the liquid in the front counterweight compartment 302 to transfer to the rear counterweight compartment 303, so that the rear liquid pressure plate 3031 in the rear counterweight compartment 303 pushes the rear hydraulic cylinder 305 to retract, so that the center of gravity of the forklift moves backward to achieve a balanced state; the control valve 4 is reset, the oil supply line 307 of the front hydraulic cylinder 304 and the oil return line 308 of the rear hydraulic cylinder 305 are closed, and the balanced state of the forklift is maintained.

[0038] Example 2: This example is based on Example 1. Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the difference is that, in this embodiment, the control valve 4 adopts an external control valve, the control valve 4 includes an adjusting base 4001 and an adjusting plate 4002, the adjusting base 4001 is fixedly arranged on the independent suspension assembly 2, the side wall of the adjusting base 4001 is horizontally penetrated with a first oil passage 4003 and a second oil passage 4004 from top to bottom, the two ends of the first oil passage 4003 are connected with the oil supply pipeline 307, and the two ends of the second oil passage 4004 are connected with the oil return pipeline 308, a slide groove 4005 is arranged in the middle of the top of the adjusting base 4001, the top of the adjusting plate 4002 is connected with the base of the forklift body 1, and the bottom end extends into the slide groove 4005, and a first through hole 4006 cooperating with the first oil passage 4003 and the second oil passage 4004 is horizontally penetrated on the adjusting plate 4002;

[0039] When the forks at the front end of the forklift lift the goods, the weight of the front end of the forklift increases and the center of gravity moves forward. At this time, the telescopic rod 201 of the independent suspension assembly 2 at the front end of the forklift is compressed downward, the adjustment plate 4002 at the front end is driven downward, the first through hole 4006 is connected to the oil supply line 307 of the front hydraulic cylinder 304, the telescopic rod 201 of the independent suspension assembly 2 at the rear end extends upward, the adjustment plate 4002 at the rear end is driven upward, the first through hole 4006 is connected to the return oil line 308 of the rear hydraulic cylinder 305, and the front end The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 304 pushes the front liquid pressure plate 3021 in the front counterweight chamber 302 to move, compressing the liquid in the front counterweight chamber 302 to transfer to the rear counterweight chamber 303, so that the rear liquid pressure plate 3031 in the rear counterweight chamber 303 pushes the rear hydraulic cylinder 305 to retract, so that the center of gravity of the forklift moves backward to achieve a balanced state; when the forklift is balanced, the adjustment plate 4002 is reset, and the oil supply line 307 of the front hydraulic cylinder 304 and the oil return line 308 of the rear hydraulic cylinder 305 are closed.

[0040] Embodiment 3: This embodiment is based on embodiment 2, and the difference is that, in this embodiment, when the fork at the front end of the forklift unloads the goods, the weight of the front end of the forklift will be reduced, and the center of gravity will move backward. At this time, the telescopic rod 201 of the independent suspension assembly 2 at the rear end of the forklift is compressed downward, and the adjustment plate 4002 at the rear end is driven downward. The first through hole 4006 is connected to the oil supply line 307 of the rear end hydraulic cylinder 305, and the telescopic rod 201 of the independent suspension assembly 2 at the front end is extended upward, and the adjustment plate 4002 at the front end is driven upward. The first through hole 4006 is connected to the front end hydraulic The return oil pipeline 308 of the cylinder 304, the piston rod of the rear end hydraulic cylinder 305 pushes the rear end liquid pressure plate 3031 in the rear end counterweight chamber 303 to move, compressing the liquid in the rear end counterweight chamber 303 and transferring it to the front end counterweight chamber 302, so that the front end liquid pressure plate 3021 in the front end counterweight chamber 302 pushes the front end hydraulic cylinder 304 to retract, so that the center of gravity of the forklift moves forward to achieve a balanced state; when the forklift is balanced, the adjustment plate 4002 is reset, and the oil supply pipeline 307 of the rear end hydraulic cylinder 305 and the return oil pipeline 308 of the front end hydraulic cylinder 304 are closed.

[0041] Example 4: This example is based on Example 1. Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the difference is that, in this embodiment, the control valve 4 adopts an internal control valve, the control valve 4 includes a third oil passage 4011, a fourth oil passage 4012 and a second through hole 4013, the third oil passage 4011 and the fourth oil passage 4012 are transversely penetrated from top to bottom at the lower part of the telescopic sleeve 202, both ends of the third oil passage 4011 are connected to the oil supply pipeline 307, both ends of the fourth oil passage 4012 are connected to the oil return pipeline 308, and the second through hole 4013 is transversely penetrated at the lower part of the telescopic rod 201;

[0042] When the forks at the front end of the forklift lift the goods, the weight of the front end of the forklift increases and the center of gravity moves forward. At this time, the telescopic rod 201 of the independent suspension assembly 2 at the front end of the forklift is compressed downward, and the telescopic rod 201 of the independent suspension assembly 2 at the rear end extends upward. The telescopic rod 201 at the front end is driven downward, and the second through hole 4013 is connected to the oil supply line 307 of the front hydraulic cylinder 304. The telescopic rod 201 at the rear end is driven upward, and the second through hole 4013 is connected to the oil return line 308 of the rear end hydraulic cylinder 305. The piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 304 pushes the front liquid pressure plate 3021 in the front counterweight chamber 302 to move, compressing the liquid in the front counterweight chamber 302 to transfer to the rear counterweight chamber 303, so that the rear liquid pressure plate 3031 in the rear counterweight chamber 303 pushes the rear hydraulic cylinder 305 to retract, so that the center of gravity of the forklift moves backward to achieve a balanced state; when the forklift is balanced, the telescopic rod 201 is reset, and the oil supply pipeline 307 of the front hydraulic cylinder 304 and the oil return pipeline 308 of the rear hydraulic cylinder 305 are closed;

[0043] In this embodiment, only the telescopic assembly of the independent suspension assembly 2 is modified. There is no need to set the adjustment plate 4002 on the base of the forklift, so it can be more easily adapted to the existing forklift model, and the telescopic rod 201 is directly connected to the hydraulic system, so the response is more direct.

[0044] Embodiment 5: This embodiment is based on the above embodiment, please refer to Fig. 9 and Fig.10 In this embodiment, a load centering component 5 is also provided on the forklift body 1, and the load centering component 5 includes a support plate 501, a clamping plate 502 and a centering hydraulic cylinder 503;

[0045] The support plate 501 is fixedly arranged at the top of the fork of the forklift body 1, and the top of the support plate 501 is rotatably connected to the transmission gear 505, and the clamping plate 502 is symmetrically slidably connected to the top of the support plate 501. Racks 504 are fixedly arranged on the side walls of the opposite surfaces of the two clamping plates 502. The two racks 504 are staggered and mesh with the transmission gear 505. The centering hydraulic cylinder 503 is fixedly arranged at the top of the support plate 501, and the piston rod end of the centering hydraulic cylinder 503 is connected to the right clamping plate 502;

[0046] When the forks at the front end of the forklift lift the goods, the centering hydraulic cylinder 503 is activated to push the rack 504 to move inward. At the same time, the transmission gear 505 and the rack 504 mesh with each other, driving the other rack 504 to move inward, so that the two clamping plates 502 move inward at the same time, centering the load, preventing the center of gravity of the forklift from shifting to both sides, and reducing the probability of the forklift tipping over.

[0047] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, and such description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it, without departing from the purpose of the invention, they can design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity, which should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forklift counterweight self-balancing device, comprising a forklift body (1), an independent suspension assembly (2) and a liquid self-balancing device (3), wherein the independent suspension assembly (2) is provided with two and symmetrically arranged at the bottom end of the base of the forklift body (1), and the liquid self-balancing device (3) is arranged at the top end of the base of the forklift body (1), characterized in that: The liquid self-balancing device (3) comprises a hydraulic power unit (301), a front counterweight compartment (302), a rear counterweight compartment (303), a front hydraulic cylinder (304) and a rear hydraulic cylinder (305); the hydraulic power unit (301) is fixedly arranged at the middle of the top end of the forklift body (1); the front counterweight compartment (302) and the rear counterweight compartment (303) are symmetrically fixedly arranged at the top end of the base of the forklift body (1); a liquid pipeline (306) is arranged between the front counterweight compartment (302) and the rear counterweight compartment (303); two ends of the liquid pipeline (306) are respectively connected to the inner cavities of the front counterweight compartment (302) and the rear counterweight compartment (303); A front liquid pressure plate (3021) and a rear liquid pressure plate (3031) are slidably connected to the inner walls of the front counterweight compartment (302) and the rear counterweight compartment (303), respectively; the front hydraulic cylinder (304) and the rear hydraulic cylinder (305) are symmetrically fixedly arranged at the top of the base of the forklift body (1); the front hydraulic cylinder (304) is arranged at the opening side of the front counterweight compartment (302); the piston rod end of the front hydraulic cylinder (304) is fixedly connected to the front liquid pressure plate (3021); the rear hydraulic cylinder (305) is arranged at the opening side of the rear counterweight compartment (303); the piston rod end of the rear hydraulic cylinder (305) is fixedly connected to the rear liquid pressure plate (3031); The oil inlets of the front hydraulic cylinder (304) and the rear hydraulic cylinder (305) are both connected to the hydraulic power unit (301) via an oil supply pipeline (307); the oil return ports of the front hydraulic cylinder (304) and the rear hydraulic cylinder (305) are both connected to the hydraulic power unit (301) via an oil return pipeline (308); a control valve (4) is provided on the independent suspension component (2); and the oil supply pipeline (307) and the oil return pipeline (308) are respectively connected to the control valve (4) in a through-type manner; The independent suspension assembly (2) comprises a telescopic rod (201), a telescopic sleeve (202), a spring (203), a suspension bracket (204) and a wheel (205); the top end of the telescopic rod (201) is hinged to the bottom end of the base of the forklift body (1); the telescopic sleeve (202) is sleeved on the telescopic rod (201); the two ends of the spring (203) are respectively fixedly connected to the top end of the telescopic rod (201) and the lower side wall of the telescopic sleeve (202); the suspension bracket (204) is hinged to the bottom end of the telescopic sleeve (202); and the wheel (205) is symmetrically rotatably connected to the two ends of the suspension bracket (204); The control valve (4) adopts an external control valve, and the control valve (4) comprises an adjustment base (4001) and an adjustment plate (4002); the adjustment base (4001) is fixedly arranged at the top of the suspension bracket (204); a first oil passage (4003) and a second oil passage (4004) are horizontally penetrated from top to bottom on the side wall of the adjustment base (4001); both ends of the first oil passage (4003) are communicated with the oil supply pipeline (307); both ends of the second oil passage (4004) are communicated with the oil return pipeline (308); a slide groove (4005) is arranged in the middle of the top of the adjustment base (4001); the top of the adjustment plate (4002) is fixedly connected to the base of the forklift body (1); the bottom end extends into the slide groove (4005); and a first through hole (4006) is horizontally penetrated on the adjustment plate (4002) and is matched with the first oil passage (4003) and the second oil passage (4004).

2. A forklift counterweight self-balancing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forklift body (1) is also provided with a load centering component (5), the load centering component (5) comprising a support plate (501), a clamping plate (502) and a centering hydraulic cylinder (503); the support plate (501) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the fork of the forklift body (1), the top end of the support plate (501) is rotatably connected to a transmission gear (505), the clamping plates (502) are symmetrically slidably connected to the top end of the support plate (501), racks (504) are fixedly arranged on the side walls of the opposite surfaces of the two clamping plates (502), the two racks (504) are staggered and mesh with the transmission gear (505), the centering hydraulic cylinder (503) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the support plate (501), and the piston rod end of the centering hydraulic cylinder (503) is connected to any clamping plate (502).

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