A high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve for a vehicle-mounted hydrogen supply system

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen pressure reducing valves, and specifically to a high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve for a vehicle-mounted hydrogen supply system. The present invention fills high-pressure hydrogen into the axial valve cavity from the air inlet, and the high-pressure hydrogen enters the pressure reducing cavity after passing through the flow channel, and then enters the axial hole through the guide hole. Afterwards, a portion of the high-pressure hydrogen is discharged from the bottom of the axial hole, and the other portion of the high-pressure hydrogen enters the balance cavity from the top of the axial hole. The hydrogen filled in the balance cavity expands, pushing the valve core in the reverse direction, reducing the opening of the flow channel, and thus reducing the outlet pressure. At this time, the axial moving elastic force and the pressure of the balance cavity expansion counteract each other, so that the opening of the flow channel is in an elastically changing state. When the axial moving elastic force and the pressure of the balance cavity expansion reach a balanced state, the opening of the flow channel no longer changes, and the outlet pressure is in a stable state. The axial moving elastic force can be changed by adjusting the support plate, and the axial moving elastic force can be balanced with the pressure of the balance cavity expansion, so that the outlet pressure can be adjusted to the set value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen pressure reducing valves, in particular to a high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve for a vehicle-mounted hydrogen supply system. Background Art

[0002] Pressure reducing valves are widely used in various gas supply lines. They generally regulate gas flow by controlling the opening of the opening and closing parts within the valve body, thereby adjusting the higher inlet pressure to a lower outlet pressure, and keeping the outlet pressure stable within a certain range. Currently, in hydrogen fuel cells, the pressure within the hydrogen storage tank is as high as 35MPa or above, and can reach up to 70MPa. However, the normal operating pressure of the hydrogen required by the proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell is between 0.1MPa and 0.2MPa. Therefore, a pressure reducing valve is required to reduce the pressure.

[0003] Patent application CN113883312A discloses a pressure reducing valve, which, through the cooperation of the valve body, valve core and spring, can avoid excessive air pressure acting on components such as the valve core, spring and sealing ring in the initial stage of operation, thereby extending the service life of the pressure reducing valve. Although the above-mentioned pressure reducing valve can achieve the pressure reducing function while extending the service life, it is found during use that the pressure at the outlet of the pressure reducing valve is determined by the pressure at the inlet, that is, the outlet pressure changes with the change of the inlet pressure; resulting in the inability to adjust the outlet pressure to the same stable value when facing different inlet pressures; and without changing the inlet pressure, the outlet pressure cannot be actively adjusted to the set value. It can be seen that the function of the current pressure reducing valve is relatively single and needs to be further improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to avoid and overcome the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve for a vehicle-mounted hydrogen supply system, which can relatively accurately adjust the outlet pressure to a set value.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve for an on-vehicle hydrogen supply system includes a valve body with an axial valve cavity, an air inlet and an air outlet formed therein; one end of the axial valve cavity is a sealed end and the other end is an open end; a valve core is axially slidably arranged in the axial valve cavity, a piston head connected to the top end of the valve core forms a balance cavity with a variable volume with the inner cavity of the valve cover; the bottom end of the valve core and the open end of the axial valve cavity form a coaxial sliding seal; the valve core sealing ring surface includes a sealing ring coaxially installed in its sealing groove, and a stop step is installed in the axial valve cavity to form a stop with the valve core sealing ring surface to separate the axial valve cavity ; A spring adjustment member in contact with the lower end of the piston is arranged on the valve core to provide axial movement elastic force for the valve core; the valve core sealing ring surface and the stop step separated from each other cooperate to form a flow channel for gas flow; an air inlet hole is provided on the axial valve cavity, and a decompression chamber is formed between the stop step and the open end of the axial valve cavity, and the gas filled in by the air inlet flows into the decompression chamber through the flow channel; an axial hole is coaxially provided on the valve core, and the balancing chamber is connected to the open end of the axial valve cavity through the axial hole, and a guide hole for connecting the axial hole and the decompression chamber is provided on the valve core located in the decompression chamber.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: the valve body includes a valve seat and a valve cover sealingly installed on the valve seat, the valve seat is coaxially provided with a three-section stepped through hole with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion, and the lower end surface of the valve cover is concavely provided with a cylindrical countersunk hole, the countersunk hole and the three-section stepped through hole cooperate to form an axial valve cavity; a guide hole is coaxially provided at the center of the support plate, and the valve core is coaxially inserted into the guide hole; a piston head is coaxially sleeved on the outer circular surface of the top of the valve core, and a sealing groove is provided on the outer circle of the piston head, a dynamic sealing ring is installed, and a piston that forms a sliding seal with the countersunk hole is cooperated, and the piston head and the bottom of the countersunk hole cooperate to form the said balance cavity.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: the adjusting member includes a support plate installed in the axial valve cavity, and the support plate can move axially along the axial valve cavity; an elastic member is connected between the support plate and the top end of the valve core, and the support plate can transmit axial force to the spring adjusting member so that the magnitude of the axial force of the adjusting member is in an adjustable state.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: an elastic member connects the piston head and the support plate, the elastic member is a reset spring, and the reset spring is coaxially sleeved on the valve core; two or more positioning holes are provided on the valve cover, and the axial direction of the positioning holes is parallel to the axial direction of the valve core; a screw is coaxially installed in the positioning hole; a threaded hole is provided on the support plate, the bottom end of the screw is coaxially threadedly connected to the threaded hole, and the top end of the screw extends out of the positioning hole and constitutes a screwing end for twisting the screw.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: each positioning hole is axially symmetrically arranged on the outside of the countersunk hole with the axis of the countersunk hole as the symmetry axis; and each screwing end is coaxially fixed with a driven gear, and the top end and the rotary installation of the valve cover are simultaneously engaged with each driven gear for transmission, and the driving gear is coaxially arranged with the countersunk hole; and a rotating handle is also coaxially fixed to the driving gear.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: an external thread is provided on the outer edge surface of the bottom end of the valve cover, an internal thread is provided on the upper hole section of the three-section stepped through hole, and the valve cover is fixed to the valve seat through a threaded sealing connection between the external thread and the internal thread.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: a shaft sleeve is coaxially sealed and installed at the orifice of the lower hole section of the three-section stepped through hole, the valve core is coaxially inserted into the shaft sleeve, a sealing ring groove is provided on the valve core and a dynamic sealing ring is installed, and the valve core and the shaft sleeve form a sliding seal.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: a valve core sealing ring surface is provided in the middle and lower part of the valve core, including a sealing ring coaxially installed in the sealing groove of the valve core sealing ring surface. When the intake pressure is too large, the valve core moves axially, and the valve core sealing ring surface contacts the branch port step inside the throttling sleeve to form a sealing surface.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: a throttling sleeve is coaxially sealed and installed below the shaft sleeve in the lower hole section of the three-section stepped through hole, the branch port step is installed inside the throttling sleeve, and the opening at the bottom of the throttling sleeve constitutes the opening end of the axial valve cavity; the sleeve cavity of the throttling sleeve constitutes the decompression cavity, and the valve core and the sleeve cavity of the throttling sleeve form a multi-stage labyrinth seal; the position where the valve core and the convex tooth cooperate is provided with a decompression groove that connects the grooves on both sides of the convex tooth during the axial movement of the valve core.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention, a drainage hole is formed on the throttle sleeve, and the drainage hole is connected to the air inlet hole when the throttle sleeve is installed in the valve seat. When the valve core moves axially, the matching position of the protruding tooth and the pressure reducing groove can be changed to adjust the flow area.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. When the present invention is in use, high-pressure hydrogen first enters the axial valve cavity from the air inlet, passes through the flow channel, enters the pressure reducing cavity, and then enters the axial hole through the guide hole. Part of the hydrogen that enters the axial hole is discharged from the bottom of the axial hole, and the other part enters the balance cavity from the top of the axial hole. The balance cavity is filled with hydrogen and expands, pushing the valve core in the opposite direction, reducing the opening of the flow channel and thereby reducing the outlet pressure. At this time, the axial elastic force and the pressure of the balance cavity expansion counteract each other, causing the opening of the flow channel to change elastically. When the axial elastic force and the pressure of the balance cavity expansion reach a state of equilibrium, the opening of the flow channel stabilizes, and the outlet pressure is now stable. When the outlet pressure needs to be adjusted, the axial elastic force of the elastic member is changed by the regulating member, causing the valve core to undergo axial movement due to the change in force, thereby changing the opening of the flow channel. When the axial elastic force and the pressure of the balance cavity expansion reach equilibrium again, the outlet pressure is stable, and the outlet pressure adjustment is now complete.

[0018] 2. The present invention drives the synchronous rotation of each driven gear through the rotation of the driving gear, thereby causing each screw to rotate in the corresponding positioning hole, thereby driving the support plate to move up and down through the threaded transmission, thereby changing the elongation length of the return spring between the support plate and the piston head, thereby providing an axial movement elastic force for the valve core. When the support plate moves up, the return spring is compressed, the axial force increases, and the valve core is lifted. At this time, the opening of the flow channel increases; conversely, when the support plate moves down, the opening of the flow channel decreases. The design of the external control regulating part makes the outlet pressure of the present invention adjustable and facilitates accurate pressure adjustment.

[0019] 3. The present invention adopts a multi-stage labyrinth seal in the throttling sleeve to cooperate with the valve core to achieve pressure reduction. The pressure reducing grooves and the corresponding convex teeth are evenly arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the valve core to achieve step-by-step pressure reduction; and the adjacent pressure reducing grooves are staggered 90° along the axial direction of the valve core, thereby forming a twisted flow in the pressure reducing chamber, further enhancing the effect of throttling and pressure reduction.

[0020] 4. Dynamic sealing is adopted at multiple locations in the present invention to improve the sealing performance of the entire pressure reducing valve.

[0021] 5. The entire valve of the present invention has a compact structure and a small size, and is convenient for use in a vehicle-mounted hydrogen supply system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the valve cover structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the valve seat in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the support plate in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the throttling sleeve in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the valve core in the present invention.

[0028] In the picture:

[0029] 1. Valve body; 11. Axial valve chamber; 12. Valve cover; 121. Countersunk hole; 1211. Balancing chamber; 122. External thread; 123. Adjusting member; 1231. Positioning hole; 1232. Screw; 12321. Driven gear; 1233. Driving gear; 12331. Rotating handle; 1234. Support plate; 12341. Guide hole; 12342. Threaded hole; 1235. Elastic member; 13. Valve seat; 131. Air inlet; 132. Three-section stepped through hole; 1321. Upper hole section; 13211. Internal thread; 1322. Middle hole section; 1323. Lower hole section; 2. Valve core; 21. Axial hole; 22. Guide hole; 23. Piston head; 24. Valve core sealing ring surface; 25. Pressure reducing groove; 3. Bushing; 4. Throttle sleeve; 41. Guide hole; 42. Protruding teeth; 43. Stop step; 5. Flow passage; 6. Pressure reducing chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] See also Figures 1 to 6 In an embodiment of the present invention, a high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve for an on-vehicle hydrogen supply system includes a valve body 1 consisting of a valve seat 13 and a valve cover 12. An axial valve cavity 11 is formed inside the valve body 1. The valve seat 13 is a cylindrical structure as a whole, and a three-stage stepped through hole 132 with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion is coaxially formed on the upper end surface of the valve seat 13. The valve cover 12 is also a cylindrical structure as a whole, and a cylindrical countersunk hole 121 is formed inwardly on the lower end surface of the valve cover 12. The countersunk hole 121 and the three-stage stepped through hole 132 cooperate to form the axial valve cavity 11.

[0032] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, the upper section 1321 of the three-stage stepped through hole 132 on the valve seat 13 is provided with an internal thread 13211. A shaft sleeve 3 is coaxially and sealedly mounted at the opening of the lower section 1323 of the three-stage stepped through hole 132. A throttle sleeve 4 is also coaxially and sealedly mounted below the shaft sleeve 3 in the lower section 1323 of the three-stage stepped through hole 132. A trumpet hole with a smaller top and larger bottom is coaxially connected to the bottom outlet of the three-stage stepped through hole 132. An air inlet 131 is provided on the sidewall of the valve seat 13. When the throttle sleeve 4 is installed in the valve seat 13, a guide hole 41 provided on the throttle sleeve 4 communicates with the air inlet 131, thereby facilitating the charging of high-pressure hydrogen into the throttle sleeve 4.

[0033] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the branch port step is coaxially mounted inside the throttle sleeve 4, and the opening at the bottom of the throttle sleeve 4 forms the open end of the axial valve cavity 11. The sleeve cavity of the throttle sleeve 4 forms a decompression cavity 6, and the valve core 2 and the sleeve cavity of the throttle sleeve 4 form a labyrinth seal. The position where the valve core 2 and the protruding tooth 42 cooperate is provided with an annular decompression groove 25 that connects the grooves on both sides of the protruding tooth 42 during the axial movement of the valve core 2. Figure 6 As shown, a labyrinth seal is employed within the throttling sleeve 4 to cooperate with the valve core 2 for pressure reduction. Pressure-reducing grooves 25 and corresponding protruding teeth 42 are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the valve core 2 to achieve step-by-step, uniform pressure reduction. Adjacent pressure-reducing grooves 25 are staggered 90° along the axial direction of the valve core 2, thereby creating a twisted flow within the pressure-reducing chamber 6 and further enhancing the throttling and pressure-reducing effect. The number of protruding teeth 42 and the number of pressure-reducing grooves within the pressure-reducing chamber 6 can be increased or decreased based on pressure reduction requirements. The pressure-reducing grooves can be shaped like an arrow, an ellipse, or other shapes, and can be staggered at other appropriate angles along the axial direction of the valve core 2.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an external thread 122 is provided on the outer edge surface of the bottom end of the valve cover 12, and the valve cover 12 is fixed to the valve seat 13 through a threaded sealing connection between the external thread 122 and the internal thread 13211. A sealing ring is installed at the threaded connection.

[0035] like Figure 2As shown, the valve cover 12 is provided with positioning holes 1231. The axial directions of the positioning holes 1231 are parallel to the axial direction of the valve core 2, and the positioning holes 1231 are arranged symmetrically on the outside of the counterbore 121 with the axis of the counterbore 121 as the axis of symmetry. A screw 1232 is coaxially mounted in the positioning hole 1231, and a rotating seal is formed between the screw 1232 and the positioning hole 1231. A threaded hole 12342 is provided in the support plate 1234. The bottom end of the screw 1232 is coaxially threadedly connected to the threaded hole 12342, and the top end of the screw 1232 extends out of the positioning hole 1231, forming a screw end for turning the screw 1232. Each screwing end is coaxially fixed with a driven gear 12321. A driving gear 1233 is mounted on the top and rotatably mounted on the valve cover 12, meshing with each driven gear 12321. The driving gear 1233 is coaxially arranged with the counterbore 121. A guide hole 12341 is coaxially defined at the center of the support plate 1234, and the valve core 2 is coaxially and sealably inserted into the guide hole 12341. The support plate 1234 is located within the center section 1322 of the three-stage stepped through-hole 132. Under the action of an external force, the main gear 1233 and each driven gear 12321 rotate, thereby driving the fixed screw 1232. This, through threaded transmission, drives the support plate 1234 up and down, thereby changing the extension of the return spring between the support plate and the piston head, thereby varying the axial elastic force acting on the valve core. Externally controlled adjustment elements can also utilize transmission methods such as worm gears, and the external adjustment handwheel can be located on the side of the valve body, for example.

[0036] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a piston head 23 is fixedly attached to the outer circumferential surface of the top of the valve core 2. The piston head 23 and the counterbore 121 form a piston-like sliding seal. The piston head 23 and the bottom of the counterbore 121 cooperate to form the balance chamber 1211. The piston head 23 and the counterbore 121 are sealed with a dynamic sealing ring, and grease can be used to assist piston movement. The seal between the piston head 23 and the valve core 2 uses a conventional sealing ring. The return spring, serving as an elastic member 1235, is connected between the piston head 23 and the support plate 1234 and is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the valve core 2.

[0037] The rotation of driving gear 1233 drives the synchronous rotation of each driven gear 12321, which in turn causes each screw 1232 to rotate in its corresponding positioning hole 1231. This, through the threaded transmission, drives the support plate 1234 to move up and down, thereby changing the extension of the return spring between the support plate 1234 and the piston head 23, thereby providing an axial elastic force for the valve core 2. When the support plate 1234 moves upward, the return spring is compressed, and the valve core 2 is lifted, thereby increasing the opening of the flow channel 5. Conversely, when the support plate 1234 moves downward, the opening of the flow channel 5 decreases.

[0038] When the present invention is used, Figure 1 As shown, hydrogen moves in the direction of the black arrow. High-pressure hydrogen at a pressure of P1 enters the throttle sleeve 4 through the inlet hole 131, passes through the flow passage 5, and enters the pressure-reducing chamber 6. The hydrogen then enters the axial bore 21 through the guide hole 22. A portion of the hydrogen entering the axial bore 21 is discharged from the bottom of the axial bore 21, at which point the outlet pressure is P2. The remaining portion enters the balancing chamber 1211 from the top of the axial bore 21. The balancing chamber 1211 is filled with hydrogen and expands, generating an expansion pressure of P2'. This expansion pressure pushes the valve core 2 in the opposite direction, reducing the opening of the flow passage 5 and, in turn, lowering the outlet pressure. At this point, the axial elastic force and the pressure of the balancing chamber 1211 counteract each other, causing the opening of the flow passage 5 to change elastically. When the axial elastic force and the pressure of the balancing chamber 1211 reach equilibrium, the opening of the flow passage 5 stabilizes, and the outlet pressure remains stable. Based on the principle of pressure equilibrium, the pressure equilibrium point P2 = P2' is eventually reached.

[0039] When the downstream flow rate at the outlet decreases or the task is interrupted, P2 increases and P2' becomes P2". At this time, P2 ≥ P2", the valve core 2 moves axially downward, the opening of the flow channel 5 becomes smaller, and the valve core sealing ring surface 24 abuts against the stop step 43 to form a seal, cutting off the air intake. After the outlet hydrogen output resumes normal, P2 and P2" decrease synchronously, the return spring gradually extends to push the valve core 2 axially upward, the valve core sealing ring surface 24 and the stop step 43 separate from each other, the flow channel 5 is opened, and hydrogen enters the decompression chamber 6. Then, based on the pressure balance principle, the pressure balance point is finally reached again.

[0040] When the outlet pressure needs to be adjusted, the axial elastic force acting on the valve core 2 is changed through the adjusting member 123 to change the opening of the flow channel 5. Specifically, the driving gear 1233 is first rotated by rotating the handle 12331, which then drives the driven gears 12321 to rotate synchronously. The driven gears 12321 then drive the corresponding screws 1232 to rotate in their corresponding positioning holes 1231. This, through the threaded transmission, drives the support plate 1234 to move axially up and down, thereby changing the extension length of the return spring between the support plate 1234 and the piston head 23, and further changing the axial elastic force acting on the valve core 2. The valve core 2 moves axially up and down to change the initial opening of the flow channel 5. When the axial elastic force and the expanded pressure in the balancing chamber 1211 reach equilibrium again, the outlet pressure is stable, and the outlet pressure adjustment is now complete.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve for a vehicle-mounted hydrogen supply system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a valve body (1) with an axial valve cavity (11), an air inlet hole (131) and an air outlet formed therein, wherein the valve body (1) comprises a valve seat (13) and a valve cover (12) sealingly mounted on the valve seat (13), and one end of the axial valve cavity (11) is a sealing end and the other end is an open end; a valve core (2) is axially slidably arranged in the axial valve cavity (11), the top end of the valve core (2) is connected to a piston head (23), and the piston head (23) and the inner cavity of the valve cover (12) form a balance cavity (1211) with a variable volume; an adjusting member (123) in contact with the lower end of the piston head (23) is arranged on the valve core (2), and the adjusting member (123) can provide an axial movement elastic force for the valve core (2); the bottom end of the valve core (2) and the open end of the axial valve cavity (11) are connected to each other. A coaxial sliding seal is formed; a valve core sealing ring surface (24) is coaxially mounted on the valve core (2); a stop step (43) is mounted in the axial valve cavity (11) and can form a stop with the valve core sealing ring surface (24) to separate the axial valve cavity (11); the valve core sealing ring surface (24) and the stop step (43) separated from each other cooperate to form a flow channel (5) for gas flow; the valve core sealing ring surface (24) and the stop step (43) in contact with each other will prevent gas from entering the valve body (1); an air inlet hole (131) is opened on the axial valve cavity (11); a decompression chamber (6) is formed between the stop step (43) and the open end of the axial valve cavity (11); the gas filled from the air inlet hole (131) flows through the flow channel (5) into the decompression chamber ( 6); an axial hole (21) is coaxially provided on the valve core (2); the balancing chamber (1211) is communicated with the open end of the axial valve chamber (11) through the axial hole (21); and a guide hole (22) for communicating the axial hole (21) and the decompression chamber (6) is provided on the valve core (2) located in the decompression chamber (6); the regulating member (123) includes a support plate (1234) installed in the axial valve chamber (11), and the support plate (1234) can move axially along the axial valve chamber (11); an elastic member (1235) is connected between the support plate (1234) and the top end of the valve core (2), and the support plate (1234) can change the size of the initial elastic force of the elastic member (1235) to provide the valve core (2) with an axial movement elastic force, so that The magnitude of the axial force of the regulating member (123) is in an adjustable state; a guide hole (12341) is coaxially provided at the center of the circle of the support plate (1234), and the valve core (2) is coaxially penetrated in the guide hole (12341); two or more centrally symmetrical positioning holes (1231) are provided on the valve cover (12), and the axial direction of the positioning holes (1231) is parallel to the axial direction of the valve core (2); a screw rod (1232) is coaxially rotatably installed in the positioning hole (1231), a threaded hole (12342) is provided on the support plate (1234), the bottom end of the screw rod (1232) is coaxially threadedly connected to the threaded hole (12342), and the top end of the screw rod (1232) extends out of the positioning hole (1231) and constitutes a screwing end for screwing the screw rod (1232).

2. The high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve for a vehicle-mounted hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A three-stage stepped through hole (132) with a larger upper portion and a smaller lower portion is coaxially provided on the valve seat (13); a cylindrical countersunk hole (121) is concavely provided on the lower end surface of the valve cover (12); the countersunk hole (121) and the three-stage stepped through hole (132) cooperate to form an axial valve cavity (11); a piston head (23) is mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the top of the valve core (2), and the piston head (23) and the countersunk hole (121) form a piston cooperation with a sliding seal, and the piston head (23) and the bottom of the countersunk hole (121) cooperate to form the balance cavity (1211); an elastic member (1235) connects the piston head (23) and the support plate (1234); the elastic member (1235) is a reset spring, and the axis of the reset spring coincides with the axis of the valve core (2).

3. The high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve for a vehicle-mounted hydrogen supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each positioning hole (1231) is symmetrically arranged on the outside of the countersunk hole (121) with the axis of the countersunk hole (121) as the symmetry axis; and each screwing end is coaxially fixed with a driven gear (12321), and the top end of the valve cover (12) is rotatably mounted with a driving gear (1233) that is simultaneously engaged with each driven gear (12321) for transmission, and the driving gear (1233) is coaxially arranged with the countersunk hole (121); and a rotating handle (12331) is also coaxially fixed to the driving gear (1233).

4. The high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve for a vehicle-mounted hydrogen supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that: An external thread (122) is provided on the outer edge surface of the bottom end of the valve cover (12), and an internal thread (13211) is provided on the upper hole section (1321) of the three-stage stepped through hole (132). The valve cover (12) is fixed to the valve seat (13) through a threaded sealing connection between the external thread (122) and the internal thread (13211).

5. The high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve for a vehicle-mounted hydrogen supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support plate (1234) is located in the middle hole section (1322) of the three-section stepped through hole (132).

6. A high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve for a vehicle-mounted hydrogen supply system according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: A shaft sleeve (3) is coaxially sealed and installed at the orifice of the lower hole section (1323) of the three-section stepped through hole (132), the valve core (2) is coaxially inserted into the shaft sleeve (3), and the valve core (2) and the shaft sleeve (3) form a sliding seal fit.

7. A high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve for a vehicle-mounted hydrogen supply system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A throttling sleeve (4) is coaxially sealed and installed in the lower hole section (1323) of the three-stage stepped through hole (132) below the shaft sleeve (3), and the branch step is installed inside the throttling sleeve (4). The opening at the bottom of the throttling sleeve (4) constitutes the opening end of the axial valve cavity (11); the sleeve cavity of the throttling sleeve (4) constitutes the decompression cavity (6), and the valve core (2) and the sleeve cavity of the throttling sleeve (4) form a multi-stage labyrinth seal.

8. The high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve for a vehicle-mounted hydrogen supply system according to claim 7, characterized in that: A pressure reducing groove (25) is provided at the position where the valve core (2) and the convex tooth (42) are matched, and is connected to the grooves on both sides of the convex tooth (42) during the axial movement of the valve core (2). When the valve core (2) moves axially, the matching position of the convex tooth (42) and the pressure reducing groove (25) can be changed to adjust the flow area.

9. The high-pressure hydrogen pressure reducing valve for a vehicle-mounted hydrogen supply system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The throttle sleeve (4) is provided with a drainage hole (41), and the drainage hole (41) is communicated with the air inlet hole (131) when the throttle sleeve (4) is installed in the valve seat (13).

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