A metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle high-efficiency filling device and method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of filling hydrogen storage bottles, and discloses a highly efficient filling device and method for metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles. A plurality of weighing sensors are installed in the low-temperature environment chamber of the device, and a temperature sensor is also installed in the low-temperature environment chamber; the outlet of the hydrogen gas source is connected to a hydrogen supply pipeline, and a plurality of quick-plug connectors for quickly connecting metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are installed in the low-temperature environment chamber, and the inlets of all quick-plug connectors are connected to the outlet of the hydrogen supply pipeline. The method is as follows: S1, vacuum treatment of the hydrogen supply pipeline and / or hydrogen replacement of the hydrogen supply pipeline; S2, filling of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles. The device can ensure the hydrogen absorption performance of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle, and can realize the simultaneous filling of multiple metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles and point-to-point single filling, and the use of an air-cooled dry low-temperature environment chamber can solve the problem of a large amount of water on the surface of the metal hydride hydrogen storage container during traditional water cooling. The method realizes automatic control on the basis of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of filling hydrogen storage bottles, and in particular relates to a device and method for efficiently filling a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle. Background Art

[0002] The hydrogen filling of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles is developing rapidly at this stage. There is no mature and feasible technical route that is conducive to market promotion. Most of them are still in the stage of meeting the hydrogen filling function and research and development. For example, the prior art with publication number CN221504700U discloses a solid hydrogen storage device, and the prior art with publication number CN106469817A discloses a container heating and safety device, a gas storage tank and a hydrogen storage tank. It can be seen from the two prior arts that water or liquid media are currently used to solve the heat balance during hydrogen filling. This type of heat exchange is usually equipped with auxiliary machines such as refrigerators, which has a complex structure and high cost, and is not conducive to weighing and commercializing hydrogen storage bottles. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle efficient filling device and method to solve the above problems existing in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] On the one hand, the present invention discloses a high-efficiency filling device for metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles, comprising a hydrogen gas source, a low-temperature environment chamber with a plurality of filling stations, and an air-cooled temperature control device for adjusting the internal temperature of the low-temperature environment chamber, wherein each filling station in the low-temperature environment chamber is provided with an independent electronic identification code; each filling station in the low-temperature environment chamber is provided with a weighing sensor for weighing the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle when filling hydrogen, and a temperature sensor is also provided in the low-temperature environment chamber, so that the air-cooled temperature control device adjusts the internal temperature of the low-temperature environment chamber according to the temperature information detected by the temperature sensor; the outlet of the hydrogen gas source is connected with a hydrogen supply pipeline, and a plurality of quick-connect connectors for quickly connecting the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are provided in the low-temperature environment chamber, and the inlets of all the quick-connect connectors are connected with the outlet of the hydrogen supply pipeline; the hydrogen supply pipeline is provided with a first shut-off valve, a first pressure reducing valve, a first check valve and a first solenoid valve arranged in sequence along the flow direction of hydrogen, and the first solenoid valve, the air-cooled temperature control device, the weighing sensor and the temperature sensor are all electrically connected to a PLC control system.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to the vacuum pump through the first pipeline, the second solenoid valve and the first pressure sensor are installed on the first pipeline, and the vacuum pump, the second solenoid valve and the first pressure sensor are all electrically connected to the PLC control system; the outlet of the vacuum pump is connected to the exhaust pipeline through the second pipeline, and the exhaust pipeline is provided with a flame arrester.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, the hydrogen supply pipeline is also connected to the exhaust pipeline through a third pipeline. The third pipeline is equipped with a third solenoid valve and a second one-way valve arranged in sequence along the flow direction of hydrogen. The third solenoid valve is electrically connected to the PLC control system.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a bypass pipeline, on which a fourth solenoid valve, a second pressure reducing valve and a third one-way valve are installed in sequence along the flow direction of hydrogen. The inlet of the bypass pipeline is connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline at the inlet of the first one-way valve, and the outlet of the bypass pipeline is connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline at the outlet of the first solenoid valve. The fourth solenoid valve is electrically connected to the PLC control system.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, a third shut-off valve is installed on the hydrogen supply pipeline between the first solenoid valve and the outlet of the bypass pipeline.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, a second pressure sensor and a first pressure gauge are installed on the hydrogen supply pipeline at the outlet of the bypass pipeline, and the second pressure sensor is electrically connected to the PLC control system.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, a fourth pipeline connected to the inlet of the second one-way valve is provided on the hydrogen supply pipeline, and a second cut-off valve is installed on the fourth pipeline.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution in the present invention, the hydrogen supply pipeline between the first one-way valve and the first solenoid valve is connected to a safety relief valve through a fifth pipeline, a maintenance valve is installed on the fifth pipeline, and the outlet of the safety relief valve is connected to the exhaust pipeline through a sixth pipeline.

[0013] On the other hand, the present invention also discloses a method for efficiently filling a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle, including a device for efficiently filling a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle according to the above scheme. The filling method is as follows:

[0014] S1. Vacuum the hydrogen supply pipeline and / or replace the hydrogen supply pipeline with hydrogen:

[0015] The operation of vacuuming the hydrogen supply pipeline is as follows: the PLC control system controls the first solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve to be closed, controls the second solenoid valve and the vacuum pump to be opened and vacuumize the hydrogen supply pipeline to remove the air in the hydrogen supply pipeline; the first pressure sensor pushes the detected pressure information to the PLC control system in real time, and when the PLC control system determines that the inside of the hydrogen supply pipeline reaches the preset vacuum degree, the PLC control system controls the second solenoid valve and the vacuum pump to be closed;

[0016] The operation of hydrogen replacement of the hydrogen supply pipeline is as follows: the PLC control system controls the first solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve to close, controls the fourth solenoid valve to open, and reduces the pressure of the hydrogen from the hydrogen source to 0.1-0.5MPa through the first pressure reducing valve and then fills it into the rear hydrogen supply pipeline. The second pressure sensor pushes the detected pressure information to the PLC control system in real time. When the PLC control system determines that the pressure inside the hydrogen supply pipeline reaches the preset replacement pressure, the PLC control system controls the fourth solenoid valve to close, controls the third solenoid valve and performs the emptying operation until the gas in the hydrogen supply pipeline is completely emptied;

[0017] S2. Filling of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles:

[0018] The PLC control system controls the third solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve to close, controls the first solenoid valve and the air-cooled temperature control device to open, and fills the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle with hydrogen from the hydrogen gas source. The temperature sensor pushes the detected temperature information to the PLC control system in real time. The PLC control system controls the air-cooled temperature control device to adjust the temperature inside the low-temperature environment warehouse according to the temperature information pushed by the temperature sensor to ensure the hydrogen absorption performance of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle; and the weighing sensor pushes the weight of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle to the PLC control system in real time until the PLC control system determines that the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle is full and then closes the first solenoid valve and the air-cooled temperature control device.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, before vacuuming the hydrogen supply pipeline and / or replacing the hydrogen supply pipeline with hydrogen, the filling method further includes the following steps:

[0020] S0. Obtain the weighing information of each weighing sensor through the PLC control system, and turn on the air-cooled temperature control device through the PLC control system to start pre-cooling the low-temperature environment warehouse.

[0021] Beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The present invention connects various metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles through quick-plug connectors, which can realize the rapid connection of multiple metal hydride hydrogen storage containers, reduce manual operation time, and can also select multiple metal hydride hydrogen storage containers for simultaneous filling and point-to-point single filling according to actual conditions.

[0023] 2. During the filling process, the present invention uses the coordinated control of the PLC control system to achieve automatic control, operation data measurement and detection analysis through control logic, which can solve the current large number of manual operation steps and realize a one-key filling function.

[0024] 3. The present invention uses an air-cooled temperature control device to adjust the temperature of the low-temperature environment chamber, which can solve the problem of a large amount of water on the surface of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle during traditional water cooling.

[0025] 4. The present invention places each metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle on a weighing sensor, thereby solving the problem that the hydrogen filling amount of a single bottle cannot be accurately measured when multiple metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles are filled simultaneously.

[0026] 5. The present invention can achieve a one-to-one correspondence between the electronic identification code of the filling station and the identification code of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle, and can realize the query, tracing and background analysis of each filling container. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1-hydrogen gas source; 2-first shut-off valve; 3-first pressure reducing valve; 4-first non-return valve; 5-inspection valve; 6-safety relief valve; 7-first solenoid valve; 8-third shut-off valve; 9-second pressure sensor; 10-first pressure gauge; 11-third solenoid valve; 12-second shut-off valve; 13-second non-return valve; 14-second solenoid valve; 15-first pressure sensor; 16-vacuum pump; 17-flame arrester; 18-quick connector; 19-low temperature environment chamber; 20-metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle; 21-temperature sensor; 22-weighing sensor; 23-air-cooled temperature control device; 24-third non-return valve; 25-second pressure reducing valve; 26-fourth solenoid valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the present invention will be briefly introduced below in combination with the drawings and the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following description of the structure of the drawings is only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0030] Example:

[0031] like Figure 1As shown, the present embodiment provides an aspect, the present invention discloses a high-efficiency filling device for metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles, comprising a hydrogen source 1, a low-temperature environment warehouse 19 with multiple filling stations, and an air-cooled temperature control device 23 for adjusting the internal temperature of the low-temperature environment warehouse 19, the hydrogen source 1 can be a hydrogen bottle, a hydrogen collection grid or a hydrogen production outlet, etc., each filling station in the low-temperature environment warehouse 19 is provided with an independent electronic identification code, so that the electronic identification code of the filling station can be scanned and identified by a barcode scanning gun and transmitted to the PLC control system for recording, and then each metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 that needs to be filled is numbered; each filling station of the low-temperature environment warehouse 19 is equipped with a weighing sensor 22 for weighing the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 when filling hydrogen, so that the weighing sensor 22 can be used to The heavy metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 is weighed in real time, so as to timely determine when the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 is full of hydrogen. A temperature sensor 21 is also installed in the low-temperature environment chamber 19, so as to enable the air-cooled temperature control device 23 to adjust the internal temperature of the low-temperature environment chamber 19 according to the temperature information detected by the temperature sensor 21, so as to ensure that the temperature of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 is appropriate when filling with hydrogen, and to ensure the hydrogen absorption performance of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20; the outlet of the hydrogen gas source 1 is connected to a hydrogen supply pipeline, and a plurality of quick-connect connectors 18 for quickly connecting the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 are installed in the low-temperature environment chamber 19, and the inlets of all quick-connect connectors 18 are connected to the outlet of the hydrogen supply pipeline, so that the hydrogen supply pipeline is quickly connected to the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 through the quick-connect connector 18. Among them, the low-temperature environment chamber 19 provides low-temperature hydrogen filling conditions for the metal hydride container; the temperature range is -20° to 25°, and the temperature range is not limited; at the same time, multiple filling stations can be set according to the number of filling stations and station identification codes can be set; the air-cooled temperature control device 23 provides clean and dry low-temperature air according to the system settings; the air-cooled temperature control device includes a condenser, an evaporator and a low-temperature fan.

[0032] Further detailed, the hydrogen supply pipeline is equipped with a first shut-off valve 2, a first pressure reducing valve 3, a first one-way valve 4 and a first solenoid valve 7 arranged in sequence along the flow direction of hydrogen. The first solenoid valve 7, an air-cooled temperature control device 23, a weighing sensor 22 and a temperature sensor 21 are all electrically connected to the PLC control system. The first shut-off valve 2 is used to cut off the total hydrogen gas source; the first pressure reducing valve 3 realizes the pressure and flow control of hydrogen entering the rear end hydrogen; the first one-way valve 4 is used to control the hydrogen to flow in the set direction; the first solenoid valve 7 realizes the switch function and the emergency stop of the accident state according to the use function, and realizes automation. The present invention realizes automatic control through the coordinated control of the PLC control system and the control logic, and then the operation and signal data can be recorded and analyzed by the host computer, and then the filling station identification code and the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle identification code can be realized. The query, tracing and background analysis of each filling container can be realized, and a large number of manual operation steps are currently solved to realize the one-key filling function.

[0033] Before operation, the present invention places the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 on the weighing sensor 22 to solve the problem that the amount of hydrogen filled in a single bottle cannot be accurately measured when multiple metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 20 are filled at the same time, and then the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 is quickly connected using the quick-connect connector 18 to reduce manual operation time and complete the preparation work before hydrogen filling; then hydrogen can be provided through the hydrogen source 1, and the hydrogen enters the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 through the hydrogen supply pipeline, and the weighing sensor 22 monitors the weight of the heavy metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 in real time, and at the same time, the weighing sensor 22 can monitor the weight of the heavy metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 in real time. The temperature sensor 21 monitors the problems in the low-temperature environment chamber 19, and then inputs a large amount of cold energy into the low-temperature environment chamber 19 through the air-cooled temperature control device 23, so as to bring the heat generated by the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 when absorbing hydrogen out of the low-temperature environment chamber 19, thereby ensuring the hydrogen absorption performance of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 until the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 is full. This process can realize the simultaneous filling of multiple metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles 20 and point-to-point single filling, and the use of an air-cooled dry low-temperature environment chamber can solve the problem of a large amount of water on the surface of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 during traditional water cooling.

[0034] As a preferred implementation scheme in this embodiment, it needs to be further explained that the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to the vacuum pump 16 through the first pipeline, which is used to evacuate the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 and the hydrogen supply pipeline. The second solenoid valve 14 and the first pressure sensor 15 are installed on the first pipeline. The vacuum pump 16, the second solenoid valve 14 and the first pressure sensor 15 are all electrically connected to the PLC control system, so that the second solenoid valve 14 can be used as an automatic switch valve of the pipeline during vacuuming to achieve function switching and automation, and the first pressure sensor 15 is used to detect the vacuum degree of the pipeline; the outlet of the vacuum pump 16 is connected to the emptying pipeline through the second pipeline, and a flame arrester 17 is provided on the emptying pipeline to prevent sparks from entering the subsequent emptying pipeline during release. Preferably, the first pressure sensor 15 is located on the first pipeline between the second solenoid valve 14 and the vacuum pump 16 to effectively detect the air pressure in the pipeline regulated by the second solenoid valve 14.

[0035] As a preferred implementation scheme in this embodiment, it needs to be further explained that the hydrogen supply pipeline is also connected to the exhaust pipeline through a third pipeline, and the third pipeline is installed with a third solenoid valve 11 and a second one-way valve 13 arranged in sequence along the flow direction of hydrogen. The third solenoid valve 11 is electrically connected to the PLC control system. The third solenoid valve 11 is used for remote and automatic pipeline overpressure release functions, and cooperates with other valves to achieve automation. The second one-way valve 13 can prevent hydrogen backflow.

[0036] As a preferred implementation scheme in this embodiment, it needs to be further explained that the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a bypass pipeline, on which a fourth solenoid valve 26, a second pressure reducing valve 25 and a third one-way valve 24 are installed in sequence along the flow direction of hydrogen. The inlet of the bypass pipeline is connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline at the inlet of the first one-way valve 4, and the outlet of the bypass pipeline is connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline at the outlet of the first solenoid valve 7. The fourth solenoid valve 26 is electrically connected to the PLC control system, the third one-way valve 24 can reverse the high-pressure hydrogen, the second pressure reducing valve 25 can reduce the pressure of hydrogen at the main hydrogen filling pressure to the replacement pressure, and the fourth solenoid valve 26 is used for the switch valve of the bypass pipeline switching, and cooperates with the first solenoid valve 7 to realize automatic function switching.

[0037] As a preferred implementation scheme in this embodiment, it needs to be further explained that a third shut-off valve 8 is installed on the hydrogen supply pipeline between the first solenoid valve 7 and the bypass pipeline outlet for manually controlling the switch function and facilitating subsequent maintenance.

[0038] As a preferred implementation scheme in this embodiment, it needs to be further explained that a second pressure sensor 9 and a first pressure gauge 10 are installed on the hydrogen supply pipeline at the outlet of the bypass pipeline, and the second pressure sensor 9 is electrically connected to the PLC control system for remote and offline monitoring of the pressure in the hydrogen supply pipeline.

[0039] As a preferred implementation scheme in this embodiment, it needs to be further explained that a fourth pipeline connected to the inlet of the second one-way valve 13 is provided on the hydrogen supply pipeline, and a second cut-off valve 12 is installed on the fourth pipeline for manual release, which is connected in parallel with the third solenoid valve 11 to facilitate subsequent maintenance without affecting use.

[0040] As a preferred implementation scheme in this embodiment, it needs to be further explained that the hydrogen supply pipeline between the first one-way valve 4 and the first solenoid valve 7 is connected to a safety relief valve 6 through a fifth pipeline, and a maintenance valve 5 is installed on the fifth pipeline. The outlet of the safety relief valve 6 is connected to the emptying pipeline through a sixth pipeline. The safety relief valve 6 is used to protect the pipeline system pressure to a safe pressure and safely discharge it when overpressure occurs. The maintenance valve 5 is used to shut off the pipeline during the maintenance of the safety relief valve. After the entire hydrogen filling process is completed, in order to safely disassemble the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20, the residual hydrogen in the pipeline must be safely discharged to normal pressure before disassembly, specifically: through the control of the PLC control system, the third solenoid valve 11 is opened to discharge the pressure to normal pressure and the third solenoid valve 11 is closed after a delay of a few seconds; the detection element is through the interlocking of the second pressure sensor 9 and the manual observation of the first pressure gauge 10. The double display is normal pressure before the bottle can be disassembled.

[0041] On the other hand, this embodiment also discloses a method for efficiently filling a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle, including a device for efficiently filling a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle described in the above embodiment. The filling method is as follows:

[0042] S0. Obtain the weighing information of each weighing sensor 22 through the PLC control system, and turn on the air-cooled temperature control device 23 through the PLC control system to start precooling the low-temperature environment chamber 19. It should be noted here that in the preparation stage, a scanner will be used to scan the electronic identification code of each filling station, and then transmit it to the PLC control system. The PLC control system will count the initial weight of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 corresponding to each filling station.

[0043] S1. Vacuuming the hydrogen supply pipeline and / or replacing the hydrogen supply pipeline with hydrogen: Vacuuming the hydrogen supply pipeline and replacing the hydrogen supply pipeline with hydrogen can be performed either one or both. When both are performed, there is no order of precedence. It should be noted that:

[0044] The operation of evacuating the hydrogen supply pipeline is as follows: the PLC control system controls the first solenoid valve 7, the third solenoid valve 11 and the fourth solenoid valve 26 to close, controls the second solenoid valve 14 and the vacuum pump 16 to open and evacuate the hydrogen supply pipeline to remove the air in the hydrogen supply pipeline; the first pressure sensor 15 pushes the detected pressure information to the PLC control system in real time. When the PLC control system determines that the inside of the hydrogen supply pipeline has reached the preset vacuum degree based on the pressure information detected by the first pressure sensor 15, the PLC control system controls the second solenoid valve 14 and the vacuum pump 16 to close.

[0045] The operation of hydrogen replacement of the hydrogen supply pipeline is as follows: the PLC control system controls the first solenoid valve 7, the third solenoid valve 11 and the second solenoid valve 14 to be closed, and controls the fourth solenoid valve 26 to be opened. The hydrogen pressure coming out of the hydrogen source 1 is reduced to 0.1-0.5MPa through the first pressure reducing valve 3 and then filled into the hydrogen supply pipeline at the rear. The second pressure sensor 9 pushes the detected pressure information to the PLC control system in real time. When the PLC control system determines that the pressure inside the hydrogen supply pipeline reaches the preset replacement pressure, the PLC control system controls the fourth solenoid valve 26 to be closed, controls the third solenoid valve 11 and performs an emptying operation. After a few seconds of emptying, the third solenoid valve 11 is closed to complete a replacement operation. In order to ensure the thoroughness of the pipeline replacement and the possibility of no air in the pipeline, the number of replacements is usually set to 3 to 5 times until the gas in the hydrogen supply pipeline is completely emptied.

[0046] S2. Filling of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles:

[0047] The PLC control system controls the third solenoid valve 11, the second solenoid valve 14 and the fourth solenoid valve 26 to close, controls the first solenoid valve 7 and the air-cooled temperature control device 23 to open, and fills the hydrogen from the hydrogen source 1 into the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20. The temperature sensor 21 pushes the detected temperature information to the PLC control system in real time. The PLC control system controls the air-cooled temperature control device 23 to adjust the temperature inside the low-temperature environment chamber 19 according to the temperature information pushed by the temperature sensor 21 to ensure the hydrogen absorption performance of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20; and the weighing sensor 22 pushes the weight of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 to the PLC control system in real time until the PLC control system determines that the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 is full and then closes the first solenoid valve 7 and the air-cooled temperature control device 23. The weighing data of the weighing sensor 22 is convenient for comparing the weight of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 before and after hydrogen filling, and calculating the hydrogen filling mass of each metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle 20 and making records and saving it, which is convenient for background management.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A highly efficient filling device for metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles, characterized in that: The invention comprises a hydrogen gas source (1), a low temperature environment chamber (19) provided with a plurality of filling stations, and an air-cooled temperature control device (23) for adjusting the internal temperature of the low temperature environment chamber (19), wherein each filling station in the low temperature environment chamber (19) is provided with an independent electronic identification code; each filling station in the low temperature environment chamber (19) is provided with a weighing sensor (22) for weighing a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (20) when filling hydrogen, and a temperature sensor (21) is also provided in the low temperature environment chamber (19) so that the air-cooled temperature control device (23) adjusts the temperature of the low temperature environment chamber according to the temperature information detected by the temperature sensor (21). (19); the outlet of the hydrogen source (1) is connected to a hydrogen supply pipeline, and a plurality of quick-connect connectors (18) for quick connection to a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (20) are installed in the low-temperature environment chamber (19), and the inlets of all quick-connect connectors (18) are connected to the outlet of the hydrogen supply pipeline; the hydrogen supply pipeline is provided with a first shut-off valve (2), a first pressure reducing valve (3), a first non-return valve (4) and a first solenoid valve (7) arranged in sequence along the flow direction of hydrogen, and the first solenoid valve (7), an air-cooled temperature control device (23), a weighing sensor (22) and a temperature sensor (21) are all electrically connected to a PLC control system; The hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to the vacuum pump (16) through the first pipeline, and the second solenoid valve (14) and the first pressure sensor (15) are installed on the first pipeline. The vacuum pump (16), the second solenoid valve (14) and the first pressure sensor (15) are all electrically connected to the PLC control system; the outlet of the vacuum pump (16) is connected to the exhaust pipeline through the second pipeline, and the exhaust pipeline is provided with a flame arrester (17); the hydrogen supply pipeline is also connected to the exhaust pipeline through the third pipeline, and the third pipeline is provided with third valves (17) arranged in sequence along the flow direction of hydrogen. The solenoid valve (11) and the second one-way valve (13), the third solenoid valve (11) are electrically connected to the PLC control system; the hydrogen supply pipeline is connected to a bypass pipeline, and the bypass pipeline is equipped with a fourth solenoid valve (26), a second pressure reducing valve (25) and a third one-way valve (24) arranged in sequence along the flow direction of hydrogen, the inlet of the bypass pipeline is connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline at the inlet of the first one-way valve (4), the outlet of the bypass pipeline is connected to the hydrogen supply pipeline at the outlet of the first solenoid valve (7), and the fourth solenoid valve (26) is electrically connected to the PLC control system.

2. The metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle efficient filling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A third shut-off valve (8) is installed on the hydrogen supply pipeline between the first solenoid valve (7) and the outlet of the bypass pipeline.

3. The metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle efficient filling device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A second pressure sensor (9) and a first pressure gauge (10) are installed on the hydrogen supply pipeline at the outlet of the bypass pipeline, and the second pressure sensor (9) is electrically connected to the PLC control system.

4. The metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle efficient filling device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The hydrogen supply pipeline is provided with a fourth pipeline connected to the inlet of the second one-way valve (13), and the fourth pipeline is installed with a second cut-off valve (12).

5. The efficient filling device for metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydrogen supply pipeline between the first one-way valve (4) and the first solenoid valve (7) is connected to a safety relief valve (6) via a fifth pipeline, a check valve (5) is installed on the fifth pipeline, and the outlet of the safety relief valve (6) is connected to the exhaust pipeline via a sixth pipeline.

6. A method for efficiently filling a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle, characterized in that: A high-efficiency filling device for a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the filling method is as follows: S1. Vacuum the hydrogen supply pipeline and / or replace the hydrogen supply pipeline with hydrogen: The operation of vacuuming the hydrogen supply pipeline is as follows: the PLC control system controls the first solenoid valve (7), the third solenoid valve (11) and the fourth solenoid valve (26) to be closed, and controls the second solenoid valve (14) and the vacuum pump (16) to be opened and vacuumize the hydrogen supply pipeline to remove the air in the hydrogen supply pipeline; the first pressure sensor (15) pushes the detected pressure information to the PLC control system in real time, and when the PLC control system determines that the inside of the hydrogen supply pipeline reaches a preset vacuum degree, the PLC control system controls the second solenoid valve (14) and the vacuum pump (16) to be closed; The operation of hydrogen replacement in the hydrogen supply pipeline is as follows: the PLC control system controls the first solenoid valve (7), the third solenoid valve (11) and the second solenoid valve (14) to close, controls the fourth solenoid valve (26) to open, reduces the pressure of hydrogen coming out of the hydrogen source (1) to 0.1-0.5 MPa through the first pressure reducing valve (3), and then fills it into the rear hydrogen supply pipeline, the second pressure sensor (9) pushes the detected pressure information to the PLC control system in real time, when the PLC control system determines that the pressure inside the hydrogen supply pipeline reaches the preset replacement pressure, the PLC control system controls the fourth solenoid valve (26) to close, controls the third solenoid valve (11) and performs the emptying operation until the gas in the hydrogen supply pipeline is completely emptied; S2. Filling of metal hydride hydrogen storage bottles: The PLC control system controls the third solenoid valve (11), the second solenoid valve (14) and the fourth solenoid valve (26) to close, and controls the first solenoid valve (7) and the air-cooled temperature control device (23) to open, so that hydrogen from the hydrogen gas source (1) is filled into the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (20). The temperature sensor (21) pushes the detected temperature information to the PLC control system in real time. The PLC control system controls the air-cooled temperature control device (23) to adjust the temperature inside the low-temperature environment chamber (19) according to the temperature information pushed by the temperature sensor (21), so as to ensure the hydrogen absorption performance of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (20); and the weighing sensor (22) pushes the weight of the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (20) to the PLC control system in real time until the PLC control system determines that the metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle (20) is full, and then closes the first solenoid valve (7) and the air-cooled temperature control device (23).

7. A method for efficiently filling a metal hydride hydrogen storage bottle according to claim 6, characterized in that: Before evacuating the hydrogen supply pipeline and / or replacing the hydrogen supply pipeline with hydrogen, the filling method further includes the following steps: S0. Obtain the weighing information of each weighing sensor (22) through the PLC control system, and start the air-cooling temperature control device (23) through the PLC control system to start precooling the low-temperature environment chamber (19).

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