A method for separating a photovoltaic module backsheet cell from glass

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of photovoltaic module backboard cell and glass separation method, including step 1, photovoltaic module is fixed;Step 2, backboard cell and aluminum frame are separated, specifically including step 2-1, front cutter horizontal position positioning;Step 2-2, determine the starting cutting point of front cutter;Step 2-3, determine the cutting depth of front cutter;Step 2-4, side A first cutting;Step 2-5, side A second cutting;Complete the separation of aluminum frame and backboard cell respectively.Step 3, cutting middle backboard cell;Step 4, separate middle backboard cell;Step 5, assemble wide shovel;Step 6, shovel remaining backboard cell.The application adopts cutter to separate the inner side four sides of backboard cell and aluminum frame, then cut an H-shaped cutting seam in the middle of backboard;Then, use small shovel to shovel backboard cell in H-shaped cutting seam, form horizontal groove;Finally, use wide shovel to advance from horizontal groove to two sides, and then shovel remaining backboard cell.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a photovoltaic recycling method, in particular to a method for separating a backboard and a cell from glass of a photovoltaic module. BACKGROUND

[0002] The photovoltaic industry has a huge scale, and the service life of a module is 15-20 years, so a large number of modules will be scrapped. In order to prevent the generation of solid waste and environmental pollution, the modules need to be recycled and fully utilized to achieve energy saving, environmental protection and value-added.

[0003] At present, the recycling process of the module is basically as follows: first, the aluminum frame of the module is removed; then, the glass, backboard and cell after the aluminum frame is removed are torn and ground; finally, the recycling products such as silver silicon, copper, glass and aluminum frame are obtained through electrostatic and gravity separation. The existing recycling process flow consumes a large amount of equipment, the purity of the recycling products is not high, the subsequent treatment is difficult, and the waste gas treatment cost is high. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the application is to solve the problems of the prior art, and to provide a method for separating a backboard and a cell from glass of a photovoltaic module. The method for separating the backboard and the cell from the glass of the photovoltaic module uses a cutter to separate the inner four sides of the backboard and the cell from the aluminum frame, and then cuts an H-shaped cutting slot in the middle of the backboard. Then, a small shovel is used to shovel off the backboard and the cell in the H-shaped cutting slot to form a horizontal groove. Finally, a wide shovel is used to advance from the horizontal groove to both sides to shovel off the remaining backboard and cell.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows:

[0006] A method for separating a backboard and a cell from glass of a photovoltaic module, comprising the following steps.

[0007] Step 1, photovoltaic module fixing: the backboard of the photovoltaic module is placed horizontally with the position fixed.

[0008] Step 2, separating the backboard and the cell from the aluminum frame: using a cutter to separate the inner four sides of the backboard and the cell from the aluminum frame; wherein the aluminum frame has four inner sides, which are side A, side B, side C and side D in clockwise direction; wherein side A and side C are both long sides.

[0009] Step 3, cutting the middle backboard and cell: using a cutter to cut an H-shaped cutting slot with a width of b in the middle of the backboard; the H-shaped cutting slot comprises a horizontal cutting slot, a middle cutting slot and a starting cutting slot; wherein the horizontal cutting slot and the starting cutting slot are parallel to side B or side D; the middle cutting slot is parallel to side A or side C, and the length is b.

[0010] Step 4, separating middle backsheet cell sheet: using a small shovel to melt the encapsulation film EVA in the H-shaped cutting seam, and separate and shovel the middle backsheet cell sheet in the H-shaped cutting seam from the bottom glass, so as to form a transverse groove with a width of b.

[0011] Step 5, assembling wide shovel: a plurality of small shovels are spliced to form a shovel group; a side shovel is assembled on both sides of the shovel group to form a wide shovel.

[0012] Step 6, shoveling the remaining backsheet cell sheet: the wide shovel is moved into the transverse groove, and all small shovel blades and all side shovel blades in the wide shovel are inserted into the backsheet at a set depth from the transverse groove; then, all small shovel blades and all side shovel blades in the wide shovel are heated to a set temperature T; finally, the wide shovel moves towards the edge B or edge D, so as to separate all the remaining backsheet cell sheets from the glass.

[0013] In step 2, the separation method of the backsheet cell sheet and the aluminum frame includes the following steps:

[0014] Step 2-1, transverse position positioning of front cutter: moving the front cutter to edge A and making the side edge limiting assembly of the front cutter contact edge A; at this time, the distance between the cutter blade of the front cutter and edge A is limited to a.

[0015] Step 2-2, determining the starting cutting point of the front cutter: selecting the middle set point H of edge A as the starting cutting point, and taking the perpendicular line of edge A passing through H as the starting cutting line; under the condition that the side edge limiting assembly always contacts edge A, the front cutter moves along edge A, so that the front end face of the outer protruding front edge of the cutter blade in the front cutter is aligned with the starting cutting line.

[0016] Step 2-3, determining the cutting depth of the front cutter: the height of the cutter blade of the front cutter is lowered, and under the action of the cutting depth limiting assembly, the depth of the cutter blade inserted into the photovoltaic module is h; wherein h is the sum of the heights of the backsheet, solar cell sheet and two layers of encapsulation film EVA in the photovoltaic module.

[0017] Step 2-4, one-time cutting of edge A: under the condition that the side edge limiting assembly always contacts edge A, the front cutter moves along edge A to edge B, and the outer protruding front edge of the cutter blade in the front cutter is inserted into edge B.

[0018] Step 2-5, second cutting of edge A: the rear cutter is positioned transversely, the starting cutting point is determined, and the cutting depth is determined by referring to the method of steps 2-1 to 2-3; then, under the condition that the side edge limiting assembly always contacts edge A, the rear cutter moves along edge A to edge D, and the outer protruding front edge of the cutter blade in the rear cutter is inserted into edge D, so as to separate the backsheet cell sheet from edge A.

[0019] Step 2-6, repeat steps 2-1 to 2-5 to complete the separation of edges B, C and D from the back plate, and then complete the separation of the back plate cell piece from the entire aluminum frame.

[0020] a = 1 mm, h = 3.2-5 mm.

[0021] Step 3, the method for cutting the middle back plate cell piece, comprising the following steps:

[0022] Step 3-1, set the starting cutting line along the width direction of the aluminum frame, then use the front cutter and / or the rear cutter to cut along the starting cutting line to form a starting cutting seam.

[0023] Step 3-2, in the middle of the starting cutting seam, use the front cutter and / or the rear cutter to cut a middle cutting seam with a side length of b vertically; wherein the side length b is equal to the width of the small shovel.

[0024] Step 3-3, use the front cutter and / or the rear cutter to cut a transverse cutting seam with a distance of b from the starting cutting seam and passing through the end point of the middle cutting seam; the transverse cutting seam, the middle cutting seam and the starting cutting seam together form an H-shaped cutting seam.

[0025] b = 6 mm.

[0026] Step 4, separate the middle back plate cell piece, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Step 4-1, first separate the middle back plate cell piece: insert the small shovel blade of the small shovel into the middle cutting seam towards edge A and heat the small shovel blade to a set temperature T; then, the small shovel moves towards edge A, thereby separating the middle back plate cell piece on the left side of the H-shaped cutting seam from the glass and removing it from the top of the small shovel; wherein the set temperature T is greater than the melting temperature of the encapsulation film EVA.

[0028] Step 4-2, secondly separate the middle back plate cell piece: insert the small shovel blade of the small shovel into the middle cutting seam towards edge C; then, the small shovel moves towards edge C, thereby separating the middle back plate cell piece on the right side of the H-shaped cutting seam from the glass and removing it from the top of the small shovel, thereby completing the separation of the entire middle back plate cell piece from the glass and forming a transverse groove with a width of b in the middle of the back plate.

[0029] The set temperature T is 120-150°C.

[0030] In step 6, the method for removing the remaining back plate cell piece, comprising the following steps:

[0031] Step 6-1, adjust the horizontal position of the wide spade: move the wide spade from the length direction of the photovoltaic module to the backboard until the wide spade contacts the backboard, rotate the wide spade, and adjust the horizontal position of the wide spade so that the tip of the side spade blade of the middle side spade extends into the inner side of the aluminum frame and is centered.

[0032] Step 6-2, determine the depth of the wide spade: move the wide spade into the horizontal slot, and all the small spade blades and all the side spade blades in the wide spade are inserted into the backboard at a set depth from the horizontal slot; at this time, the bottoms of all the small spade blades and all the side spade blades are in contact with the glass surface.

[0033] Step 6-3, heat the wide spade: heat all the small spade blades and all the side spade blades in the wide spade to a set temperature T to melt the EVA encapsulation film between the glass and the solar cell pieces.

[0034] Step 6-4, first spading: the wide spade moves from the horizontal slot to the inside of the edge B, thereby separating the backboard and solar cell pieces between the horizontal slot and the edge B from the glass, and sending them out along the slope of the wide spade body.

[0035] Step 6-5, second spading: the wide spade is reversed and moved to the horizontal slot; repeat steps 6-2 to 6-3, and the wide spade moves from the horizontal slot to the inside of the edge D, thereby separating the backboard and solar cell pieces between the horizontal slot and the edge D from the glass, and sending them out along the slope of the wide spade body.

[0036] The present application has the following beneficial effects: the present application uses a cutter to separate the backboard and solar cell pieces from the inner four sides of the aluminum frame, then cuts an H-shaped cutting slot in the middle of the backboard, then uses a small spade to spade the backboard and solar cell pieces in the H-shaped cutting slot to form a horizontal slot, and finally uses a wide spade to spade the remaining backboard and solar cell pieces from the horizontal slot to the two sides. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 An exploded structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module is shown.

[0038] Figure 2 An exploded structural schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module is shown.

[0039] Figure 3 A perspective view of the front cutter in the present application is shown Figure 1 .

[0040] Figure 4 A perspective view of the front cutter in the present application is shown Figure 2 .

[0041] Figure 5 A perspective view of the rear cutter in the present application is shown.

[0042] Figure 6 The figure shows the perspective structure of the small shovel in this application.

[0043] Figure 7 The figure shows the perspective structure of the wide shovel in this application.

[0044] Figure 8 The figure shows the partial enlarged structure of the side shovel in the wide shovel in this application.

[0045] Figure 9 The figure shows the structure schematic diagram of the wide shovel in this application which removes the back plate cell from the middle to both sides.

[0046] Among them:

[0047] 10. Photovoltaic module; 11. Back plate; 12. Lower encapsulating film EVA; 13. Solar cell; 14. Upper encapsulating film EVA; 15. Glass; 16. Aluminum frame;

[0048] 21. Initial cutting seam; 22. Transverse cutting seam; 23. Middle cutting seam;

[0049] 30. Front cutter; 31. Cutter blade; 311. Extended front edge; 32. Side ball bearing; 33. Bottom ball bearing; 34. Pressing block;

[0050] 40. Small shovel; 41. Small shovel blade; 42. Heating rod one; 43. Temperature sensor one; 44. Bottom ball bearing two; 45. Key groove;

[0051] 50. Wide shovel;

[0052] 51. Shovel set;

[0053] 52. Side shovel;

[0054] 521. Side shovel blade; 522. Sharp corner; 523. Heating rod two; 524. Temperature sensor two; 525. Bottom ball bearing three. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific preferred embodiments.

[0056] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "left side", "right side", "upper part", "lower part" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and "first", "second" and the like do not represent the importance of the parts, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. The specific dimensions used in the embodiments are only for illustration of the technical solutions and do not limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0057] As shown in Figure 1 , the photovoltaic module 10 includes a module body and an aluminum frame 16 encapsulated outside the periphery of the module body; the module body includes a back sheet 11, a solar cell sheet 13 and a glass 15 arranged in turn from bottom to top; wherein the solar cell sheet is provided with encapsulating EVA between the back sheet and the glass, respectively lower encapsulating EVA 12 and upper encapsulating EVA 14; the solar cell sheet includes a plurality of solar cell blocks welded to each other.

[0058] As shown in Figures 2 to 9 , a photovoltaic module back sheet cell sheet and glass separation device, comprising a cutter, a small shovel 40 and a wide shovel 50.

[0059] As shown in Figures 3 to 5 , the cutter includes a front cutter 30 and a rear cutter; the front cutter and the rear cutter are mirror-symmetrical structures.

[0060] The front cutter and the rear cutter each include a cutter blade 31, a side limit component and a cutting depth limit component.

[0061] The cutter blade is vertically arranged and the height can be lifted.

[0062] The cutter blade in the front cutter and the rear cutter each has an outwardly extending front edge 311, and the height of the outwardly extending front edge is equal to the cutting depth h, and the cutting depth h is the sum of the heights of the back sheet, the solar cell sheet and the two layers of encapsulating EVA in the photovoltaic module. In the present embodiment, h is preferably 3.2-5mm.

[0063] The side limit component can limit the distance a between the cutter blade and the inner side of the aluminum frame in the photovoltaic module; the side limit component and the cutter blade are located on the same side of the cutter. The side limit component is preferably two side balls 32; the two side balls are arranged on the cutter side wall on the same side of the cutter; the protruding height of each side ball is a, which is preferably 1mm in the present embodiment.

[0064] The cutting depth limit component can limit the cutting depth h of the cutter blade into the photovoltaic module, and the cutting depth limit component preferably includes a pressing block 34 and at least three bottom balls 33.

[0065] All the bottom balls are evenly arranged at the bottom of the cutter.

[0066] The cutter blade is arranged at the side wall of the pressing block, and the cutter blade can be lifted and lowered synchronously with the pressing block; the height difference between the bottom of the cutter blade and the bottom surface of the pressing block is h.

[0067] As shown in Figure 6 , the small shovel includes a small shovel blade 41 and a heating assembly one; the small shovel blade is arranged obliquely, and the heating assembly one can heat the small shovel blade.

[0068] The heating assembly one preferably includes a heating rod one 42 and a temperature sensor one 43. Among them, the heating rod one 42 heats the small shovel blade, and the temperature sensor one 43 monitors the heating temperature of the small shovel blade.

[0069] Further, the bottom surface of the small shovel is provided with a plurality of bottom balls two 44, which are used to cooperate with the inclination angle and exposed length of the small shovel blade while the small shovel is sliding, so as to control the depth h of the small shovel, which is preferably 3.2-5mm.

[0070] Further, the top rear side of each small shovel is provided with a key groove 45, which is used to place a channel steel in the key groove to assemble all the small shovels in the subsequent wide shovel.

[0071] As shown in Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the wide shovel includes a shovel group 51 and a side shovel 52 arranged symmetrically on both sides of the shovel group.

[0072] The shovel group includes a plurality of spliced small shovels.

[0073] Each side shovel includes a side shovel blade 521 and a heating assembly two; the side shovel blade is arranged obliquely and has an outwardly exposed sharp corner 522.

[0074] The heating assembly two can heat the side shovel blade; the heating assembly two preferably includes a heating rod two 523 and a temperature sensor two 524. Among them, the heating rod two heats the side shovel blade, and the temperature sensor two monitors the heating temperature of the side shovel blade.

[0075] Further, the bottom surface of the side shovel is provided with a plurality of bottom balls three 525, which are used to cooperate with the inclination angle and exposed length of the side shovel blade while the side shovel is sliding, so as to control the depth h of the side shovel, which is preferably 3.2-5mm.

[0076] Further, the top rear side of each side shovel is provided with a key groove, which is used to place a channel steel in the key groove to assemble the side shovel and the small shovel in the subsequent wide shovel.

[0077] A method for separating a photovoltaic module backsheet cell and glass, comprising the following steps.

[0078] Step 1, photovoltaic module fixing: place the backboard of the photovoltaic module upwardly and horizontally and fix the position.

[0079] Step 2, separation of backboard cell and aluminum frame: use a cutter to separate the backboard cell and the inner side of the aluminum frame; wherein the aluminum frame has four inner sides, which are side A, side B, side C and side D in clockwise direction; wherein side A and side C are both long sides.

[0080] The above separation method of the backboard cell and the aluminum frame preferably comprises the following steps.

[0081] Step 2-1, transverse position positioning of the front cutter: move the front cutter to side A and make the side edge limiting assembly of the front cutter contact with side A; at this time, the distance between the cutter blade of the front cutter and side A is limited to a, which is preferably 1 mm.

[0082] Step 2-2, determination of the starting cutting point of the front cutter: select the middle set point H of side A as the starting cutting point, and the perpendicular line of side A passing through H as the starting cutting line; under the condition that the side edge limiting assembly is always in contact with side A, move the front cutter along side A so that the outer protruding front edge of the cutter blade of the front cutter is aligned with the starting cutting line.

[0083] Step 2-3, determination of the cutting depth of the front cutter: the height of the cutter blade of the front cutter is lowered, and under the action of the cutting depth limiting assembly, the depth of the cutter blade extending into the photovoltaic module is h; wherein h is the sum of the height of the backboard and the solar cell in the photovoltaic module. Preferably, h = 3.2-5 mm.

[0084] Step 2-4, one-time cutting of side A: under the condition that the side edge limiting assembly is always in contact with side A, move the front cutter along side A to side B, and make the outer protruding front edge of the cutter blade of the front cutter extend into side B.

[0085] Step 2-5, second cutting of side A: refer to the methods of steps 2-1 to 2-3 to complete the transverse position positioning, starting cutting point determination and cutting depth determination of the rear cutter; then, under the condition that the side edge limiting assembly is always in contact with side A, move the rear cutter along side A to side D, and make the outer protruding front edge of the cutter blade of the rear cutter extend into side D, thereby completing the separation of the backboard cell and side A.

[0086] Step 2-6, repeat steps 2-1 to 2-5 to complete the separation of side B, side C and side D from the backboard, and then complete the separation of the backboard cell and the entire aluminum frame.

[0087] Step 3, cutting the middle back plate cell piece: using a cutter to cut an H-shaped cutting seam with a width of b in the middle of the back plate; the H-shaped cutting seam includes a transverse cutting seam, a middle cutting seam and a starting cutting seam; wherein the transverse cutting seam and the starting cutting seam are parallel to the edge B or edge D; the middle cutting seam is parallel to the edge A or edge C, with a length of b, preferably 6mm.

[0088] As shown in Figure 2 the above method for cutting the middle back plate cell piece, preferably comprises the following steps.

[0089] Step 3-1, set the starting cutting line along the width direction of the aluminum frame, then use the front cutter and / or the rear cutter to cut along the starting cutting line to form a starting cutting seam 21.

[0090] Step 3-2, in the middle of the starting cutting seam, use the front cutter and / or the rear cutter to cut a middle cutting seam 23 with a side length of b vertically; wherein the side length b is equal to the width of the small shovel. Further, the side length b is preferably less than or greater than the width of the solar cell block in the solar cell piece, so as to avoid the solder strip between the adjacent two solar cell blocks, prolonging the service life of the cutter blade.

[0091] Step 3-3, use the front cutter and / or the rear cutter to cut a transverse cutting seam 22 with a distance of b from the starting cutting seam and passing through the end point of the middle cutting seam; the transverse cutting seam, the middle cutting seam and the starting cutting seam together form an H-shaped cutting seam.

[0092] Step 4, separating the middle back plate cell piece: using a small shovel to heat and melt the encapsulation film EVA located in the H-shaped cutting seam, and separating and shoveling the middle back plate cell piece in the H-shaped cutting seam from the bottom glass, thereby forming a transverse groove with a width of b.

[0093] The above method for separating the middle back plate cell piece, preferably comprises the following steps.

[0094] Step 4-1, separating the middle back plate cell piece once: insert the small shovel blade of the small shovel from the middle cutting seam to the edge A direction and heat the small shovel blade to a set temperature T; then, the small shovel moves towards the edge A direction, so that the middle back plate cell piece on the left side of the H-shaped cutting seam is separated from the glass and removed from the top of the small shovel; wherein the set temperature T is greater than the melting temperature of the encapsulation film EVA. Wherein, the set temperature T is preferably 120-150℃, further preferably 120℃.

[0095] Step 4-2, secondary separation of middle backsheet cell: insert the small shovel blade of the small shovel into the middle cutting seam towards the side C; then, the small shovel travels towards the side C, so that the middle backsheet cell on the right side of the H-shaped cutting seam is separated from the glass, and is removed from the top of the small shovel, so as to complete the separation of the entire middle backsheet cell from the glass, and form a transverse groove with a width of b in the middle of the backsheet.

[0096] Step 5, assemble wide shovel: splice several small shovels to form a shovel group; assemble a side shovel on each side of the shovel group to form a wide shovel.

[0097] Step 6, shovel the remaining backsheet cell: move the wide shovel into the transverse groove, insert all the small shovel blades and all the side shovel blades in the wide shovel into the backsheet at a set depth from the transverse groove; then, heat all the small shovel blades and all the side shovel blades in the wide shovel to a set temperature T; finally, the wide shovel travels towards the side B or the side D, so as to separate all the remaining backsheet cells from the glass.

[0098] The above method for shoveling the remaining backsheet cell preferably comprises the following steps.

[0099] Step 6-1, adjust the transverse position of the wide shovel: move the wide shovel from the length direction of the photovoltaic module towards the backsheet until it contacts the backsheet, rotate the wide shovel, and adjust the transverse position of the wide shovel so that the sharp corners of the side shovel blades of the side shovels in the wide shovel extend into the inside of the aluminum frame and are centered.

[0100] Step 6-2, determine the shovel depth of the wide shovel: move the wide shovel into the transverse groove, and insert all the small shovel blades and all the side shovel blades in the wide shovel into the backsheet at a set depth from the transverse groove; at this time, the bottoms of all the small shovel blades and all the side shovel blades contact the surface of the glass.

[0101] Step 6-3, heat the wide shovel: heat all the small shovel blades and all the side shovel blades in the wide shovel to a set temperature T, so that the EVA encapsulation film between the glass and the solar cell melts.

[0102] Step 6-4, primary shoveling: move the wide shovel from the transverse groove to the inside of the side B, so as to separate the backsheet and the solar cell from the glass between the transverse groove and the side B, and send them out along the inclined surface of the main body of the wide shovel.

[0103] Step 6-5, secondary shoveling: reverse the direction of the wide shovel and move it to the transverse groove; repeat steps 6-2 to 6-3, and move the wide shovel from the transverse groove to the inside of the side D, so as to separate the backsheet and the solar cell from the glass between the transverse groove and the side D, and send them out along the inclined surface of the main body of the wide shovel.

[0104] The preferred embodiments of the present application are described in detail above, but the present application is not limited to the specific details of the above-described embodiments, and various equivalent transformations of the technical solutions of the present application can be made within the technical concept of the present application, and these equivalent transformations all belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for separating a photovoltaic module backsheet cell from glass, the method comprising: It comprises the following steps: ​ Step 1, photovoltaic module fixing: the backboard in the photovoltaic module is placed horizontally with the backboard facing up and its position is fixed; Step 2, separating the backboard cell from the aluminum frame: using a cutter to separate the backboard cell from the inner four sides of the aluminum frame; wherein the aluminum frame has four inner sides, which are side A, side B, side C and side D in clockwise direction; wherein side A and side C are both long sides; Step 3, cutting the middle backboard cell: using a cutter to cut an H-shaped cutting seam with a width of b in the middle of the backboard; the H-shaped cutting seam comprises a horizontal cutting seam, a middle cutting seam and a starting cutting seam; wherein the horizontal cutting seam and the starting cutting seam are both parallel to side B or side D; the middle cutting seam is parallel to side A or side C, and the length is b; Step 4, separating the middle backboard cell: using a small shovel to melt the encapsulation adhesive film EVA in the H-shaped cutting seam, and separating and shoveling the middle backboard cell in the H-shaped cutting seam from the bottom glass, so as to form a horizontal groove with a width of b; Step 5, assembling a wide shovel: a plurality of small shovels are spliced to form a shovel group; a side shovel is assembled on both sides of the shovel group to form a wide shovel; Step 6, shoveling the remaining backboard cell: the wide shovel is moved into the horizontal groove, and all small shovel blades and all side shovel blades in the wide shovel are inserted into the backboard to a specified depth from the horizontal groove; then, all small shovel blades and all side shovel blades in the wide shovel are heated to a specified temperature T; finally, the wide shovel moves towards side B or side D, so as to separate all the remaining backboard cells from the glass.

2. The photovoltaic module backsheet cell and glass separation method of claim 1, wherein: In step 2, the method for separating the backboard cell from the aluminum frame comprises the following steps: Step 2-1, horizontal position positioning of the front cutter: moving the front cutter to side A and making the side edge limiting assembly of the front cutter contact with side A; at this time, the distance between the cutter blade of the front cutter and side A is limited to a; Step 2-2, determining the starting cutting point of the front cutter: selecting the middle set point H of side A as the starting cutting point, and taking the perpendicular line of side A passing through H as the starting cutting line; under the condition that the side edge limiting assembly always contacts with side A, the front cutter moves along side A, so that the front end face of the outer protruding front edge of the cutter blade in the front cutter is aligned with the starting cutting line; Step 2-3, determining the cutting depth of the front cutter: the height of the cutter blade of the front cutter is lowered, and under the action of the cutting depth limiting assembly, the depth of the cutter blade inserted into the photovoltaic module is h; wherein h is the sum of the height of the backboard, the solar cell and the two layers of encapsulation adhesive film EVA in the photovoltaic module; Step 2-4, one-time cutting of side A: under the condition that the side edge limiting assembly always contacts with side A, the front cutter moves to side B along side A, and the outer protruding front edge of the cutter blade in the front cutter is inserted into side B; Step 2-5, second cutting of side A: the rear cutter is positioned horizontally, the starting cutting point is determined, and the cutting depth is determined by referring to the method of steps 2-1 to 2-3; then, under the condition that the side edge limiting assembly always contacts with side A, the rear cutter moves to side D along side A, and the outer protruding front edge of the cutter blade in the rear cutter is inserted into side D, so as to separate the backboard cell from side A. Step 2-6, repeating steps 2-1 to 2-5, complete the separation of edges B, C and D from the back plate cell piece, and then complete the separation of the back plate cell piece from the entire aluminum frame.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein: a = 1 mm, h = 3.2-5 mm.

4. The photovoltaic module backsheet cell and glass separation method of claim 2, wherein: Step 3, the method for cutting the middle back plate cell piece, comprising the following steps: Step 3-1, set the starting cutting line along the width direction of the aluminum frame, then use the front cutter and / or the rear cutter to cut along the starting cutting line to form a starting cutting seam; Step 3-2, in the middle of the starting cutting seam, use the front cutter and / or the rear cutter to cut a middle cutting seam with a side length of b vertically; wherein the side length b is equal to the width of the small shovel; Step 3-3, use the front cutter and / or the rear cutter to cut a transverse cutting seam with a distance of b from the starting cutting seam and passing through the end point of the middle cutting seam; the transverse cutting seam, the middle cutting seam and the starting cutting seam together form an H-shaped cutting seam.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises: b = 6 mm.

6. The photovoltaic module backsheet cell and glass separation method of claim 1, wherein: Step 4, the method for separating the middle back plate cell piece, comprising the following steps: Step 4-1, first separation of the middle back plate cell piece: insert the small shovel blade of the small shovel into the middle cutting seam towards edge A, heat the small shovel blade to a set temperature T; then, the small shovel moves towards edge A, thereby separating the middle back plate cell piece on the left side of the H-shaped cutting seam from the glass and removing it from the top of the small shovel; wherein the set temperature T is greater than the melting temperature of the encapsulation film EVA; Step 4-2, second separation of the middle back plate cell piece: insert the small shovel blade of the small shovel into the middle cutting seam towards edge C; then, the small shovel moves towards edge C, thereby separating the middle back plate cell piece on the right side of the H-shaped cutting seam from the glass and removing it from the top of the small shovel, thereby completing the separation of the entire middle back plate cell piece from the glass and forming a transverse groove with a width of b in the middle of the back plate.

7. The photovoltaic module backsheet cell and glass separation method of claim 6, wherein: The set temperature T is 120-150°C.

8. The photovoltaic module backsheet cell and glass separation method of claim 1, wherein: Step 6, the method for removing the remaining back plate cell piece, comprising the following steps: Step 6-1, adjust the transverse position of the wide shovel: move the wide shovel from the length direction of the photovoltaic module towards the back plate until it contacts the back plate, rotate the wide shovel and adjust the transverse position of the wide shovel so that the sharp corner of the edge shovel blade of the edge shovel in the wide shovel extends into the inside of the aluminum frame and is centered; Step 6-2, determine the depth of the wide shovel: move the wide shovel into the transverse groove, and all small shovel blades and all edge shovel blades in the wide shovel are inserted into the back plate at a set depth; at this time, the bottoms of all small shovel blades and all edge shovel blades contact the surface of the glass; Step 6-3, heat the wide shovel: heat all small shovel blades and all edge shovel blades in the wide shovel to a set temperature T, so that the encapsulation film EVA between the glass and the solar cell piece melts; Step 6-4, first removal: move the wide shovel from the transverse groove to the inside of edge B, thereby separating the back plate and the solar cell piece between the transverse groove and edge B from the glass and sending them out along the inclined surface of the wide shovel body; Step 6-5, secondary scraping: the wide scraper is reversed and moved to the transverse groove; steps 6-2 to 6-3 are repeated, the wide scraper moves from the transverse groove to the edge D inside the edge D, so as to separate the backboard and the solar cell between the transverse groove and the edge D from the glass and send out along the wide scraper body bevel.

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