Adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element and temperature control method for space 3D printing laser system

Abstract

The present invention discloses an adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element and a temperature control method thereof for a space 3D printing laser system. The adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element includes a thermally conductive joint, a connector, a radiator, and a temperature control system. There are two connectors, corresponding to the first and second connectors; the first and second connectors are both made of shape memory alloy; the radiator is a retractable radiator, including two splits that can move independently of each other and always maintain a thermally conductive connection with each other, and the two splits correspond to the first and second radiator splits. One end of the first radiator split is connected to the thermally conductive joint through the first connector, and the other end is thermally conductively connected to one end of the second radiator split, and the other end of the second radiator split is connected to the temperature control system through the second connector. The present invention not only realizes adaptive regulation of heat dissipation efficiency and does not require additional electricity, but also realizes lightweight and portable lasers, allowing rockets to carry more experimental payloads.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of laser additive manufacturing of metal components and is applicable to the field of space manufacturing radiators. It specifically relates to an adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element and a temperature control method thereof for a space 3D printing laser system. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, laser additive manufacturing technology has developed rapidly, providing a new manufacturing approach for the processing and forming of metal materials. As a type of laser additive manufacturing technology, Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF), which is based on automatic powder bed spreading, has significant characteristics such as short cycle time, low cost, and high degree of freedom in forming. It provides an integrated solution for the precise forming of complex structural components. LPBF uses a high-energy laser beam to melt powder point by point, line by line, and surface by surface according to the slicing path planning of the 3D modeling slicing software, and finally manufactures the designed complex parts. The application of this technology in many metal materials such as aluminum-based materials, titanium-based materials, and copper-based materials in the fields of aerospace, biomedicine, etc. has proven its unique advantages in the field of precision and complex parts processing.

[0003] In-space Additive Manufacturing refers to the use of additive manufacturing in space environments (microgravity, vacuum, high and low temperatures, etc.) to achieve in-situ forming of space bases or components. This technology can break through the traditional model of "ground manufacturing-transportation and assembly", reduce technical costs, and provide a high degree of flexibility for on-orbit maintenance and exploration of space stations. At the same time, in the microgravity environment of space, space 3D printing technology can significantly simplify the structure and strength design of spacecraft, and realize the manufacture of "large structures" with "small equipment". Therefore, the development of space 3D printing technology has become an important strategic direction for countries to compete for a leading position in the space field. It has a driving effect on the comprehensive development of my country in lunar and deep space exploration, manned space engineering, on-orbit maintenance, and national defense and military strength.

[0004] Faced with the extreme environment of space, extravehicular 3D printing equipment needs to face a wide temperature range of -100℃-150℃. Water-cooled equipment is heavy and has a small scope of application, and is no longer suitable for use in space environments. There is no heat convection in the vacuum environment of space, and common air-cooled radiators are not applicable. Only heat conduction and heat radiation radiators can be selected, which poses a great challenge to the long-term service of its laser system.

[0005] The Wentian Lab Module is one of the important large modules of the Chinese space station and the first national space science laboratory module. The Wentian Lab Module consists of three parts: the working module, the airlock module, and the resource module. Outside the airlock module are 22 standard payload interfaces, some of which are equipped with fluid circuit temperature control. In the future, space 3D printers can rely on fluid circuit temperature control systems when working in orbit. However, there are currently no related thermal control connectors and other equipment that can efficiently transfer the heat from the laser to the temperature control system during operation. Therefore, it is urgent to design heat dissipation and heat transfer components for 3D printing lasers outside the space capsule. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problem that the radiator in the above-mentioned prior art is not portable and adaptively controllable, and to provide an adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element and a temperature control method for a space 3D printing laser system to achieve autonomous heat dissipation and weight reduction and energy saving.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention will adopt the following technical solutions:

[0008] An adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element for a space 3D printing laser system is used to achieve heat dissipation of a working element, including a thermal joint, a connector, a heat sink, and a temperature control system, wherein:

[0009] The thermally conductive joint can be connected to the working element as a whole;

[0010] The connecting pieces include two, namely the first and second connecting pieces; the first and second connecting pieces are both made of shape memory alloy;

[0011] The radiator is a retractable radiator comprising two separate bodies that can move independently of each other and always maintain a thermal connection with each other, the two separate bodies corresponding to a first and a second radiator separate body; one end of the first radiator separate body is connected to a thermal joint via a first connector, and the other end is thermally connected to one end of the second radiator separate body; the other end of the second radiator separate body is connected to a temperature control system via a second connector;

[0012] When the internal temperature of the first connecting member reaches its own martensitic transformation temperature M s1 When the first connector undergoes a contraction phase change and generates internal compressive stress, under microgravity conditions, the first heat sink split is pulled toward the working element until the first heat sink split is in direct contact with the thermal joint; when the internal temperature of the first connector reaches its own austenite phase change temperature A s1 When the first connecting member is in a state of gradually recovering, the shape of the first connecting member is gradually restored, and the first radiator split is pulled away from the working element and moves until it returns to the original state;

[0013] When the internal temperature of the second connecting member reaches its own martensitic transformation temperature M s2 When the second connector undergoes a contraction phase change and generates internal compressive stress, under microgravity conditions, the second radiator split is pulled toward the temperature control system until the second radiator split is in direct contact with the temperature control system; under the action of the cooling released by the temperature control system, when the internal temperature of the second connector reaches its own austenite phase transition temperature A s2 When the temperature is adjusted, the shape of the second connecting member gradually recovers, and the second radiator is pulled away from the temperature control system until it returns to its original state.

[0014] Preferably, the cross-sections of the first and second connecting members are both V-shaped;

[0015] Initially, the first and second connecting parts are both in the martensite phase, and the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section is θ2. When the internal temperature of the first connecting part / the second connecting part reaches its own martensite phase transformation temperature due to heat absorption, the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section gradually decreases until the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section is θ1. At this time, the first and second connecting parts are both in the austenite phase. Afterwards, when the internal temperature of the first / the second connecting part drops to its own austenite phase transformation temperature due to heat release, the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section gradually increases until the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section is θ2, and the shape of the first connecting part / the second connecting part is restored.

[0016] Preferably, the thermally conductive joint is a diamond foil.

[0017] Preferably, one end of the first radiator split body is a connection end A, and the other end is provided with a plurality of radiating arms A; one end of the second radiator split body is a connection end B, and the other end is provided with a plurality of radiating arms B; the number of radiating arms A is n+1, and the number of radiating arms B is n, where n ≥ 1 and n is a positive integer; in the radiator, the radiating arms A and the radiating arms B are arranged alternately, and each radiating arm B can be movably inserted between two adjacent radiating arms A, and the upper and lower side surfaces of each radiating arm B are in direct contact with the two radiating arms A located on its upper and lower sides respectively;

[0018] The heat-conducting joint is connected to the connection end A through a first connection piece, and the connection end B is connected to the temperature control system through a second connection piece.

[0019] Preferably, the thermally conductive joint is connected to the connection end A via a circle of first connecting members.

[0020] Preferably, the thermally conductive joint and the connecting end A are both rectangular; there are four first connecting members, which correspond to the first connecting member A, the first connecting member B, the first connecting member C, and the first connecting member D;

[0021] The two ends of the first connecting member A are connected to the top surface of the thermal joint and the top surface of the connecting end A respectively;

[0022] The two ends of the first connecting member B are connected to the bottom surface of the thermal joint and the bottom surface of the connecting end A respectively;

[0023] The two ends of the first connecting member C are respectively connected to the front of the thermal joint and the front of the connecting end A;

[0024] The two ends of the first connecting member D are connected to the rear surface of the thermal joint and the rear surface of the connecting end A respectively.

[0025] Preferably, the connection end B is connected to the temperature control system via a circle of second connecting members.

[0026] Preferably, the temperature control system and the connection end B are both rectangular; there are four second connection members, which correspond to the second connection member A, the second connection member B, the second connection member C, and the second connection member D;

[0027] The two ends of the second connecting member A are connected to the top surface of the temperature control system and the top surface of the connecting end B respectively;

[0028] The two ends of the second connecting member B are connected to the bottom surface of the temperature control system and the bottom surface of the connecting end B respectively;

[0029] The two ends of the second connecting member C are respectively connected to the front of the temperature control system and the front of the connecting end B;

[0030] The two ends of the second connecting member D are connected to the rear surface of the temperature control system and the rear surface of the connecting end B respectively.

[0031] Preferably, the first and second connecting members are made of the same shape memory alloy.

[0032] Another technical objective of the present invention is to provide a temperature control method for an adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element for a space 3D printing laser system. This method is based on the aforementioned adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element for a space 3D printing laser system. When a working element is in an operating state, the temperature control function of the adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element allows the working element to always operate at a preset temperature. The adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element controls the temperature of the working element in the operating state, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0033] Step 1.1, when the working element is in a working state, the heat generated is transferred to the first connecting member through the heat conducting joint by heat conduction;

[0034] Step 1.2: The internal temperature of the first connecting member is continuously increased until the internal temperature of the first connecting member reaches its own martensitic phase transition temperature Ms1 When the first connector undergoes a contraction phase change and generates internal compressive stress, under microgravity conditions, the first connector pulls the first heat sink split toward the working element until the first heat sink split is in direct contact with the thermal joint. At this time, the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section of the first connector is θ1, and the internal temperature of the first connector is T g ;

[0035] Step 1.3: After the first radiator split is in direct contact with the thermal joint, part of the heat transferred from the thermal joint is absorbed by the first radiator split, and the remaining part is transferred to the second radiator split through heat conduction;

[0036] Step 1.4: Part of the heat transferred to the second radiator split is absorbed by the second radiator split, and the remaining part is transferred to the second connecting member through heat conduction;

[0037] Step 1.5: The internal temperature of the second connecting member is gradually increased until the internal temperature of the second connecting member reaches its own martensitic phase transformation temperature M s2 When the second connector undergoes a contraction phase change and generates internal compressive stress, under microgravity conditions, the second connector pulls the second radiator split toward the temperature control system until the second radiator split is in direct contact with the temperature control system. At this time, the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section of the second connector is θ1, and the temperature is T g ;

[0038] Step 1.6: After the second radiator split is in direct contact with the temperature control system, the cooling energy released by the temperature control system is transferred to the thermal joint through the second radiator split and the first radiator split in sequence, thereby achieving cooling control of the working element and ensuring that the working element is always maintained in the appropriate operating temperature range;

[0039] After the working element is in the shutdown state, the adaptive two-way conversion thermal control element can be restored under the action of the cooling capacity released by the temperature control system, specifically including:

[0040] A. Part of the cooling energy released by the temperature control system is transferred to the second connecting piece through the second radiator, causing the internal temperature of the second connecting piece to continuously decrease until the internal temperature of the second connecting piece decreases to its own austenite phase transition temperature A. s2 When the second connector undergoes a phase transformation from austenite to martensite, the internal shrinkage stress continues to decrease, and the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section of the second connector gradually increases, pulling the second radiator split back to its original state. At this time, the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section of the second connector is θ2, and the temperature is T h ;

[0041] B. The cooling energy released by the temperature control system is partially transferred to the first connecting piece through the second radiator split and the first radiator split, causing the internal temperature of the first connecting piece to continuously decrease until the internal temperature of the first connecting piece drops to its own austenite phase transition temperature A. s1 When the first connector undergoes a phase transformation from austenite to martensite, the internal shrinkage stress continues to decrease, and the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section of the first connector gradually increases, pushing the first radiator split to return to its original state. At this time, the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section of the first connector is θ2, and the temperature is T h .

[0042] Based on the above technical objectives, the present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0043] The adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element of the present invention is a thermal control element with a temperature t∈(T h ,M s ], the heat generated by it can achieve the purpose of temperature control by simply absorbing the solid-state heat of the working element through the first connecting piece made of shape memory alloy; when the temperature of the working element t∈(M s ,T g ), the heat generated by it causes the first connector to transform from the martensite phase to the austenite phase. This phase transformation causes the first connector to have a contraction characteristic. The internal contraction stress generated will pull the first heat sink split toward the working element under microgravity conditions until the first heat sink split directly contacts the working element through the thermal joint. At this time, the first connector is in the extreme position of the contraction state, and the temperature of the working element is controlled by the contraction phase transformation of the first connector; when the temperature of the working element t>T g When the temperature of the working element increases further, part of the heat generated by it needs to be released by driving the first connecting member to contract and change phase, and part of it needs to be released by contacting the first and second heat sinks. Another part is used to drive the second connecting member to contract and change phase, so that the second heat sink can directly contact the temperature control system. At this time, if the temperature of the working element increases further, it is necessary to introduce a temperature control system to provide cooling to control the temperature of the working element. It can be seen that compared with directly using the cooling provided by the temperature control system to control the temperature of the working element, the present invention is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly on the one hand, and on the other hand, the present invention can realize long-distance temperature control of the working element by the temperature control system, has the characteristics of lightweight, and is suitable for efficient heat dissipation of lasers in extreme space environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the thermal control element of the present invention in a state of absorbing heat from a working element;

[0045] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the thermal control element of the present invention in a state of conducting heat to a radiator;

[0046] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the thermal control element of the present invention in a state of releasing heat to the temperature control system;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cycle angle-temperature corresponding to the thermal control element of the present invention;

[0048] In the accompanying drawings: 1-working element; 2-thermal joint; 301-first connecting piece; 302-second connecting piece; 401-first radiator split; 402-second radiator split; 5-temperature control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and in no way serves as any limitation on the present invention and its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the relative arrangement of components and steps, expressions and numerical values described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Technologies, methods and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant fields may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods and equipment should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific values should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0050] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations).

[0051] Example 1

[0052] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element for a space 3D printing laser system according to the present invention is used to achieve heat dissipation of a working element 1, and includes a thermal joint 2, a connector, a heat sink, and a temperature control system 5, wherein:

[0053] The thermally conductive joint 2 can be connected to the working element 1 as a whole; in the accompanying drawings, the thermally conductive joint 2 is made of diamond foil. Of course, the thermally conductive joint 2 can also be made of other materials with good thermal conductivity. At the same time, the thermally conductive joint 2 can also be other than foil, and can also be other configurations that collect heat from the working element 1 and can evenly transfer the collected heat to the connecting part.

[0054] The radiator is a retractable radiator, comprising two splits that can move independently of each other and always maintain a thermal connection with each other, the two splits corresponding to the first and second radiator splits; one end of the first radiator split 401 is connected to the thermal joint 2 through the first connecting member 301, and the other end is thermally connected to one end of the second radiator split 402, and the other end of the second radiator split 402 is connected to the temperature control system 5 through the second connecting member 302. In the accompanying drawings, one end of the first radiator split 401 is a connection end A, and the other end is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation arms A; one end of the second radiator split 402 is a connection end B, and the other end is provided with a plurality of heat dissipation arms B; the number of heat dissipation arms A is n+1, and the number of heat dissipation arms B is n, n≥1 and n is a positive integer; in the radiator, the heat dissipation arms A and the heat dissipation arms B are arranged alternately, and each heat dissipation arm B can be movably inserted between two adjacent heat dissipation arms A, and at the same time, the upper and lower side surfaces of each heat dissipation arm B are in direct contact with the two heat dissipation arms A on its upper and lower sides respectively.

[0055] The connectors include two, corresponding to first and second connectors 302. Both are made of a shape memory alloy. In this embodiment, both are made of the same shape memory alloy. The thermal joint 2 is connected to the connection end A via the first connector 301, and the connection end B is connected to the temperature control system 5 via the second connector 302. This shape memory alloy exhibits an elastic-caloric effect. At room temperature, it is in a martensite state and can undergo a phase transformation driven by temperature. When driven by a working element 1 at a temperature above its austenite finish temperature, the shape memory alloy absorbs heat from the working element 1 and transforms from martensite to austenite, producing a contraction phase transformation that reduces the grip angle. When driven by a temperature control system 5 at a temperature below its martensite finish temperature, the shape memory alloy releases heat to the temperature control system 5 and transforms from austenite to martensite, allowing the shape memory alloy to return to its original angle.

[0056] The phase change stress levels of the first and second connecting members 302 follow the following formula:

[0057]

[0058]

[0059] Where T M is the temperature at which the martensite phase stabilizes in a stress-free state. L0, L, and L A It is a parameter related to the critical stress of phase transformation.

[0060] To ensure that the heat on the working element 1 can be transferred more completely, the thermal joint 2 of the present invention is connected to the connection end A through a circle of first connecting members 301, and the connection end B is connected to the temperature control system 5 through a circle of second connecting members 302.

[0061] In the accompanying drawings, the first and second connectors 302 are both V-shaped in cross-section. Initially, both are in the martensite phase, with the V-shaped cross-section angle being θ2. When the internal temperature of the first connector 301 / second connector 302 reaches its martensite transformation temperature due to heat absorption, the V-shaped cross-section angle gradually decreases until the V-shaped cross-section angle reaches θ1. At this point, both are in the austenite phase. Subsequently, when the internal temperature of the first / second connector 302 drops to its austenite transformation temperature due to heat release, the V-shaped cross-section angle gradually increases until the V-shaped cross-section angle reaches θ2, and the first connector 301 / second connector 302 returns to its original shape. Of course, the cross-sections of the first and second connecting members 302 described in the present invention can also be set to other shapes, as long as it is ensured that when the first and second connecting members 302 undergo phase change, the internal stress generated can well trigger the first and second connecting members 302 to shrink in shape.

[0062] Given that the thermal joint 2 and connection end A are both rectangular, and the temperature control system 5 and connection end B are both rectangular, the present invention comprises four first connectors 301, correspondingly designated as first connector 301A, first connector 301B, first connector 301C, and first connector 301D. The present invention comprises four second connectors 302, correspondingly designated as second connector 302A, second connector 302B, second connector 302C, and second connector 302D. In other words, the four first connectors 301 can be combined to form a circle, and the four second connectors 302 can also be combined to form a circle. During assembly, the two ends of the first connector 301A are connected to the top surface of the thermal joint 2 and the top surface of the connection end A; the two ends of the first connector 301B are connected to the bottom surface of the thermal joint 2 and the bottom surface of the connection end A; the two ends of the first connector 301C are connected to the front surface of the thermal joint 2 and the front surface of the connection end A; the two ends of the first connector 301D are connected to the back surface of the thermal joint 2 and the back surface of the connection end A. The two ends of the second connector 302A are connected to the top surface of the temperature control system 5 and the top surface of the connection end B; the two ends of the second connector 302B are connected to the bottom surface of the temperature control system 5 and the bottom surface of the connection end B; the two ends of the second connector 302C are connected to the front surface of the temperature control system 5 and the front surface of the connection end B; and the two ends of the second connector 302D are connected to the back surface of the temperature control system 5 and the back surface of the connection end B.

[0063] Preferably, the connection end B is connected to the temperature control system 5 via a circle of second connecting members 302 .

[0064] Initially, the heat on the working element 1 is transferred to the first connecting member 301 through the heat conducting joint 2, and the internal temperature of the first connecting member 301 continues to rise until the internal temperature of the first connecting member 301 reaches its own martensitic phase transformation temperature M s1 When the first connecting member 301 undergoes a contraction phase change and generates internal contraction stress, the first connecting member 301 pulls the first heat sink split 401 to move toward the working element 1 under microgravity conditions until the first heat sink split 401 and the thermal joint 2 are in direct contact; at this time, part of the heat on the working element 1 is dissipated in turn through the first heat sink split 401, the second heat sink split 402, and the second connecting member 302 until the internal temperature of the second connecting member 302 reaches its own martensitic phase transformation temperature M s2 When the temperature of the second connecting member 302 is reduced, the second connecting member 302 undergoes a contraction phase change and generates internal contraction stress. Under microgravity conditions, the second connecting member 302 pulls the second radiator split 402 to move toward the temperature control system 5 until the second radiator split 402 and the temperature control system 5 are in direct contact. The temperature control system 5 cools the second radiator split 402 and causes the internal temperature of the second connecting member 302 to decrease through the heat conduction effect until the internal temperature of the second connecting member 302 reaches its own austenite phase transition temperature T h2 During this process, the internal contraction stress of the second connecting member 302 is continuously reduced until the second connecting member 302 returns to its original state. During this process, the cold energy released by the temperature control system 5 can be transferred to the working element 1 through the second radiator split 402 and the first radiator split 401 in turn, thereby cooling the working element 1 and enabling the working element 1 to operate within a suitable temperature range.

[0065] Therefore, when the internal temperature of the first connecting member 301 reaches its own martensitic transformation temperature M s1 When the first connector 301 undergoes a contraction phase change and generates internal compressive stress, under microgravity conditions, the first heat sink split 401 is pulled toward the working element 1 until the first heat sink split 401 is in direct contact with the thermal joint 2; when the internal temperature of the first connector 301 reaches its own austenite phase change temperature A s1 When the first connecting member 301 is moved, the shape of the first connecting member 301 gradually recovers, and pulls the first heat sink split 401 away from the working element 1 until it returns to its original state.

[0066] When the internal temperature of the second connecting member 302 reaches its own martensitic transformation temperature M s2When the second connecting member 302 undergoes a contraction phase change and generates internal compressive stress, under microgravity conditions, the second radiator split 402 is pulled toward the temperature control system 5 until the second radiator split 402 is in direct contact with the temperature control system 5; under the action of the cooling released by the temperature control system 5, when the internal temperature of the second connecting member 302 reaches its own austenite phase transition temperature A s2 When the second connecting member 302 is in a shape that is gradually restored, the second radiator body 402 is pulled away from the temperature control system 5 and moves until it returns to its original state.

[0067] The working element 1 and the temperature control system 5 remain fixed in position. As the angle decreases, the first connector 301 applies a force to the heat sink toward the working element 1, causing the first heat sink 401 to move toward the working element 1 until the first heat sink 401 contacts the working element 1. As the angle decreases, the second connector 302 applies a force to the second heat sink 402 toward the temperature control system 5, causing the second heat sink 402 to contact the temperature control system 5. Thus, the present invention enables remote temperature control of the working element 1 by the temperature control system 5, while also offering energy-saving and environmentally friendly advantages.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] This embodiment provides a temperature control method for an adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element for a space 3D printing laser system. This method is based on the aforementioned adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element for a space 3D printing laser system. When a working element 1 is in operation, the temperature control function of the adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element allows the working element 1 to always operate at a preset temperature. The adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element controls the temperature of the working element 1 in operation, specifically comprising the following steps:

[0070] Step 1.1: When the working element 1 is in working state, the heat generated is transferred to the first connecting member 301 through the heat conducting joint 2 by heat conduction;

[0071] Step 1.2: The internal temperature of the first connecting member 301 is continuously increased until the internal temperature of the first connecting member 301 reaches its own martensitic transformation temperature M s1 When the first connecting member 301 undergoes a contraction phase change and generates internal compressive stress, under microgravity conditions, the first connecting member 301 pulls the first heat sink split 401 to move toward the working element 1 until the first heat sink split 401 directly contacts the thermal joint 2. At this time, the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section of the first connecting member 301 is θ2;

[0072] Step 1.3: After the first radiator body 401 is in direct contact with the thermal joint 2, part of the heat transferred from the thermal joint 2 is absorbed by the first radiator body 401, and the remaining part is transferred to the second radiator body 402 through heat conduction;

[0073] Step 1.4: Part of the heat transferred to the second radiator body 402 is absorbed by the second radiator body 402, and the remaining part is transferred to the second connecting member 302 through heat conduction;

[0074] Step 1.5: The internal temperature of the second connecting member 302 is gradually increased until the internal temperature of the second connecting member 302 reaches its own martensitic transformation temperature M s2 When the second connecting member 302 undergoes a contraction phase change and generates internal compressive stress, under microgravity conditions, the second connecting member 302 pulls the second radiator split 402 to move toward the temperature control system 5 until the second radiator split 402 is in direct contact with the temperature control system 5. At this time, the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section of the second connecting member 302 is θ1, and the temperature is T h ;

[0075] Step 1.6: After the second radiator 402 comes into direct contact with the temperature control system 5, the cooling energy released by the temperature control system 5 is transferred to the thermal joint 2 through the second radiator 402 and the first radiator 401, thereby achieving cooling control of the working element 1 and ensuring that the working element 1 is always maintained in the appropriate operating temperature range.

[0076] After the working element 1 is in the shutdown state, the adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element can be restored under the action of the cooling capacity released by the temperature control system 5, specifically including:

[0077] A. The cooling energy released by the temperature control system 5 is partially transferred to the second connecting member 302 through the second radiator split 402, causing the internal temperature of the second connecting member 302 to continuously decrease until the internal temperature of the second connecting member 302 decreases to its own austenite phase transition temperature A. s2 When the second connecting member 302 undergoes a phase transformation from austenite to martensite, the internal shrinkage stress continues to decrease, and the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section of the second connecting member 302 gradually increases, pulling the second radiator split 402 back to its original state. At this time, the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section of the second connecting member 302 is θ2, and the temperature is T g ;

[0078] B. The cooling energy released by the temperature control system 5 is partially transferred to the first connecting member 301 through the second radiator split 402 and the first radiator split 401, thereby causing the internal temperature of the first connecting member 301 to continuously decrease until the internal temperature of the first connecting member 301 decreases to its own austenite transformation temperature A. s1When the first connecting member 301 undergoes a phase transformation from austenite to martensite, the internal shrinkage stress continues to decrease, and the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section of the first connecting member 301 gradually increases, pushing the first radiator split 401 back to its original state. At this time, the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section of the first connecting member 301 is θ2, and the temperature is T g .

Claims

1. An adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element for a space 3D printing laser system, used to achieve heat dissipation of working elements, characterized by: It includes thermal joints, connectors, radiators and temperature control systems, including: The thermally conductive joint can be connected to the working element as a whole; The connecting pieces include two, namely the first and second connecting pieces; the first and second connecting pieces are both made of shape memory alloy; The radiator is a retractable radiator comprising two separate bodies that can move independently of each other and always maintain a thermal connection with each other, the two separate bodies corresponding to a first and a second radiator separate body; one end of the first radiator separate body is connected to a thermal joint via a first connector, and the other end is thermally connected to one end of the second radiator separate body; the other end of the second radiator separate body is connected to a temperature control system via a second connector; When the internal temperature of the first connecting member reaches its own martensitic transformation temperature M s1 When the first connector undergoes a contraction phase change and generates internal compressive stress, under microgravity conditions, the first heat sink split is pulled toward the working element until the first heat sink split is in direct contact with the thermal joint; when the internal temperature of the first connector reaches its own austenite phase change temperature A s1 When the first connecting member is in a state of gradually recovering, the shape of the first connecting member is gradually restored, and the first radiator split is pulled away from the working element and moves until it returns to the original state; When the internal temperature of the second connecting member reaches its own martensitic transformation temperature M s2 When the second connecting piece undergoes a contraction phase change and generates internal compressive stress, under microgravity conditions, the second radiator split is pulled toward the temperature control system until the second radiator split is in direct contact with the temperature control system; under the action of the cooling released by the temperature control system, when the internal temperature of the second connecting piece reaches its own austenite phase change temperature, the second connecting piece is A s2 When the second connecting member is in a state of gradually recovering, the shape of the second connecting member is gradually restored, and the second radiator is pulled away from the temperature control system until it returns to its original state; The cross sections of the first and second connecting members are both V-shaped; Initially, the first and second connecting parts are both in the martensite phase, and the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section is θ2. When the internal temperature of the first connecting part / the second connecting part reaches its own martensite phase transformation temperature due to heat absorption, the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section gradually decreases until the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section is θ1. At this time, the first and second connecting parts are both in the austenite phase. Afterwards, when the internal temperature of the first / the second connecting part drops to its own austenite phase transformation temperature due to heat release, the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section gradually increases until the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section is θ2, and the shape of the first connecting part / the second connecting part is restored.

2. The adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element for a space 3D printing laser system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-conducting joint is a diamond foil.

3. The adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element for a space 3D printing laser system according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the first radiator split body is a connection end A, and the other end is provided with a plurality of radiating arms A. One end of the second radiator split body is a connection end B, and the other end is provided with a plurality of radiating arms B. The number of radiating arms A is n+1, and the number of radiating arms B is n, where n ≥ 1 and n is a positive integer. In the radiator, the radiating arms A and the radiating arms B are arranged alternately, and each radiating arm B can be movably inserted between two adjacent radiating arms A. At the same time, the upper and lower side surfaces of each radiating arm B are in direct contact with the two radiating arms A located above and below it respectively. The heat-conducting joint is connected to the connection end A through a first connection piece, and the connection end B is connected to the temperature control system through a second connection piece.

4. The adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element for a space 3D printing laser system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thermally conductive joint is connected to the connection end A via a circle of first connecting pieces.

5. The adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element for a space 3D printing laser system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thermally conductive joint and the connecting end A are both rectangular; there are four first connecting members, which correspond to the first connecting member A, the first connecting member B, the first connecting member C, and the first connecting member D; The two ends of the first connecting member A are connected to the top surface of the thermal joint and the top surface of the connecting end A respectively; The two ends of the first connecting member B are connected to the bottom surface of the thermal joint and the bottom surface of the connecting end A respectively; The two ends of the first connecting member C are respectively connected to the front of the thermal joint and the front of the connecting end A; The two ends of the first connecting member D are connected to the rear surface of the thermal joint and the rear surface of the connecting end A respectively.

6. The adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element for a space 3D printing laser system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The connection end B is connected to the temperature control system via a circle of second connecting pieces.

7. The adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element for a space 3D printing laser system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature control system and the connection end B are both rectangular; there are four second connection members, which correspond to the second connection member A, the second connection member B, the second connection member C, and the second connection member D; The two ends of the second connecting member A are connected to the top surface of the temperature control system and the top surface of the connecting end B respectively; The two ends of the second connecting member B are connected to the bottom surface of the temperature control system and the bottom surface of the connecting end B respectively; The two ends of the second connecting member C are respectively connected to the front of the temperature control system and the front of the connecting end B; The two ends of the second connecting member D are connected to the rear surface of the temperature control system and the rear surface of the connecting end B respectively.

8. The adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element for a space 3D printing laser system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first and second connecting pieces are both made of the same shape memory alloy.

9. A temperature control method for an adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element for a space 3D printing laser system, based on the adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element for a space 3D printing laser system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working element in the working state can always operate at a preset temperature under the temperature control effect of the adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element. The adaptive bidirectional conversion thermal control element controls the temperature of the working element in the working state, specifically including the following steps: Step 1.1, when the working element is in a working state, the heat generated is transferred to the first connecting member through the heat conducting joint by heat conduction; Step 1.2: The internal temperature of the first connecting member is continuously increased until the internal temperature of the first connecting member reaches its own martensitic phase transition temperature. M s1 When the first connector undergoes a contraction phase change and generates internal compressive stress, under microgravity conditions, the first connector pulls the first heat sink split toward the working element until the first heat sink split is in direct contact with the thermal joint. At this time, the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section of the first connector is θ1; Step 1.3: After the first radiator split is in direct contact with the thermal joint, part of the heat transferred from the thermal joint is absorbed by the first radiator split, and the remaining part is transferred to the second radiator split through heat conduction; Step 1.4: Part of the heat transferred to the second radiator split is absorbed by the second radiator split, and the remaining part is transferred to the second connecting member through heat conduction; Step 1.5: The internal temperature of the second connecting member is gradually increased until the internal temperature of the second connecting member reaches its own martensitic phase transition temperature. M s2 When the second connector undergoes a contraction phase change and generates internal compressive stress, under microgravity conditions, the second connector pulls the second radiator split toward the temperature control system until the second radiator split is in direct contact with the temperature control system. At this time, the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section of the second connector is θ1, and the temperature is T g ; Step 1.6: After the second radiator split is in direct contact with the temperature control system, the cooling energy released by the temperature control system is transferred to the thermal joint through the second radiator split and the first radiator split in sequence, thereby achieving cooling control of the working element and ensuring that the working element is always maintained in the appropriate operating temperature range; After the working element is in the shutdown state, the adaptive two-way conversion thermal control element can be restored under the action of the cooling capacity released by the temperature control system, specifically including: A. Part of the cooling energy released by the temperature control system is transferred to the second connecting piece through the second radiator, causing the internal temperature of the second connecting piece to continue to decrease until the internal temperature of the second connecting piece drops to its own austenite phase transition temperature. A s2 When the second connector undergoes a phase transformation from austenite to martensite, the internal shrinkage stress continues to decrease, and the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section of the second connector gradually increases, pulling the second radiator split back to its original state. At this time, the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section of the second connector is θ2, and the temperature is T h ; B. The cooling energy released by the temperature control system is partially transferred to the first connecting piece through the second radiator split and the first radiator split, causing the internal temperature of the first connecting piece to continuously decrease until the internal temperature of the first connecting piece drops to its own austenite phase transition temperature. A s1 When the first connector undergoes a phase transformation from austenite to martensite, the internal shrinkage stress continues to decrease, and the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section of the first connector gradually increases, pushing the first radiator split to return to its original state. At this time, the V-shaped angle of the V-shaped cross section of the first connector is θ2, and the temperature is T h .

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