High-altitude wind energy utilization system of airship constant-altitude closed umbrella ladder

Abstract

The present invention relates to the fields of new energy and energy conversion technologies, and discloses a high-altitude wind energy utilization system using an enclosed parachute ladder with a fixed height on an aerostat. The system uses an aerostat to provide a height at which the parachute ladder assembly can convert wind energy. Two symmetrical parachute ladder assemblies are connected to either side of the aerostat via a pulley assembly and a mooring unit. Together with a first hoisting unit, a second hoisting unit, a first transmission unit, a second transmission unit, and an energy conversion unit, the enclosed parachute ladder high-altitude wind energy utilization system is formed. This system overcomes the reliance on the durability of the aerostat, avoids the conversion efficiency constraints caused by the limited pull-down speed of the aerostat, and conserves electrical energy. Various state switching methods for the system are also provided, enabling safe, rapid, and stable switching between different operating states.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of new energy and energy conversion technology, and in particular to an aerostat fixed-height closed parachute ladder high-altitude wind energy utilization system. Background Art

[0002] High-altitude wind energy utilization systems refer to systems that convert high-altitude wind energy, either directly or indirectly, into other forms of energy, such as mechanical energy, electrical energy, and gravitational potential energy. Due to the need for long-distance energy transmission and convenient use, high-altitude wind energy utilization systems generally convert wind energy into electrical energy, often referred to as high-altitude wind power generation systems or devices.

[0003] Taking the high-altitude wind power generation system as an example, according to the installation position of the energy conversion device, it is mainly divided into two types: tethered air-based and tethered land-based. The tethered air-based high-altitude wind power generation system refers to the final energy conversion device (such as a generator) installed on the airship, and the generated electric energy is transmitted to the ground through cables for use in the power supply network such as inverter and booster. Its airship is generally an aircraft-type airship towed by ground cables; the final energy conversion device (such as a generator) of the tethered land-based high-altitude wind power generation system is installed on the ground, and its wind energy receiving device is generally a paraglider or parachute type. The former uses a fixed trajectory to drag the tethered cable to generate electricity without the assistance of an airship, and the latter uses the wind blowing the umbrella surface to move obliquely upward to drag the tethered cable to generate electricity, which requires the assistance of airships such as balloons.

[0004] Tethered airborne energy conversion is stable, but limited by the weight of the energy conversion device and the stability of the aerostat, its power is limited, making it unsuitable for large-scale deployment. Tethered land-based medium-paraglider systems have complex motion control and low power consumption, making them unsuitable for large-scale deployment at this stage. Tethered land-based medium-parachute ladder systems have a simple structure, a low power consumption bottleneck, and potential for large-scale deployment.

[0005] With the continuous development of new materials and new equipment, certain progress has been made in the field of parachute ladder high-altitude wind power generation, but there are still many technical problems to be solved. Chinese Patent (200910190150.2) provides a high-power parachute wind power generation system, which proposes to use an aerostat to drive the parachute ladder to take off. After taking off, by opening the working parachute, the wind energy is pulled by the cable to drag the generator to convert into electrical energy. To improve its feasibility, Chinese Patent (201110151527.0) provides an umbrella-shaped wind power device and wind power system. On the basis of the aforementioned invention, a winch and a transmission device are added to generate electricity by the winch. However, the continuous power generation capacity is insufficient. , Chinese patent (201110151521.3) provides a series-connected bidirectionally driven wind power system, proposes the use of a double-pick generator, and utilizes two sets of parachute ladders in series to achieve uninterrupted power generation; further discloses the details of the invention and improves the continuous power generation capacity. Chinese patent (201610800547.9) provides a medium- and high-altitude wind energy ground power generation power assembly and generator set, and designs a detailed parachute ladder type high-altitude wind energy ground energy conversion device to achieve continuous utilization of high-altitude wind energy and facilitate grid-connected applications.

[0006] Through continuous improvement, the above series of inventions have gradually improved the practicality and continuous power generation capacity of ground energy conversion devices. However, various types of parachute ladders require an aerostat to be installed at the top of each parachute ladder. After the aerostat rises to a certain height, the parachute is deployed, and the wind propels the working parachute upward while the aerostat continues to rise. When it reaches a certain height, the parachute is closed, and the mooring cable is dragged by a winch to recover the parachute ladder and aerostat. This method of converting wind energy by driving the working parachute by the rising and falling of the aerostat has the following problems:

[0007] 1. Since the aerostat needs to be frequently raised and lowered to convert wind energy, the wind energy conversion efficiency is highly dependent on the durability of the aerostat;

[0008] 2. Due to the influence of the strength and volume of the aerostat material, the allowed descent speed of the aerostat is limited during the downward pull, further restricting the high-altitude wind energy conversion efficiency;

[0009] 3. The pull-down aerostat also requires additional electric motors, which consumes electricity and reduces the effective utilization rate of wind energy in the overall system.

[0010] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an airship fixed-height closed parachute ladder high-altitude wind energy utilization system that can overcome the above problems, effectively improve the energy conversion efficiency of the high-altitude wind energy utilization system, and improve its effective utilization rate of wind energy. Summary of the Invention

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an aerostat fixed-height closed parachute ladder high-altitude wind energy utilization system, comprising: a control unit, an energy conversion unit and at least one set of driving units;

[0012] The driving unit is used to drive wind energy conversion; each set of driving units includes a mooring unit, an aerostat unit, a pulley unit, a first hoisting unit, a second hoisting unit, a first transmission unit, a second transmission unit, a first parachute ladder unit and a second parachute ladder unit;

[0013] The aerostat section includes an aerial aerostat and a ground-based monocoque winch connected by ropes. The aerostat is used to provide a parachute ladder assembly. The first parachute ladder assembly and the second parachute ladder assembly convert wind energy through the opening and closing of the parachute and the up and down sliding of the parachute.

[0014] The pulley assembly is hoisted and connected to the bottom of the airship, and the first parachute ladder group and the second parachute ladder group are respectively connected to the two sides of the airship through the mooring part. One end of the first hoisting part is connected to the first parachute ladder group, one end of the second hoisting part is connected to the second parachute ladder group, and the other end of the first hoisting part is connected to the first transmission part, the energy conversion part, the second transmission part and the other end of the second hoisting part in sequence to form a closed parachute ladder high-altitude wind energy utilization system.

[0015] The control unit is used to monitor the operation of the system and perform corresponding control according to the working mode of the system.

[0016] As an embodiment of the present application, the energy conversion part is a double-pick type, and the first transmission part and the second transmission part are respectively axially connected to the mechanical energy input ends on both sides of the energy conversion part.

[0017] As an embodiment of the present application, it further includes a third transmission part;

[0018] The first transmission part includes a shaft-connected clutch A and a gearbox A, the second transmission part includes a shaft-connected clutch B and a gearbox B, and the third transmission part includes a three-shaft reversing gearbox and a clutch C;

[0019] The three-axis reversing gearbox is respectively connected to clutch A, clutch B and clutch C, wherein the other end of clutch C is connected to the mechanical energy input end of the energy conversion unit for converting wind energy.

[0020] As an embodiment of the present application, the system includes two sets of driving parts, and the clutch C of each set of the driving parts is axially connected to the mechanical energy input ends on both sides of the energy conversion part.

[0021] As an embodiment of the present application, the mooring part includes a first hoisting mooring rope connecting the first hoisting part and the first parachute ladder group, a second hoisting mooring rope connecting the second hoisting part and the second parachute ladder group, a third hoisting mooring rope connecting the first parachute ladder group and the second parachute ladder group, and a fourth hoisting mooring rope connecting the airship and the monodrum winch.

[0022] As an embodiment of the present application, each set of driving parts further includes a steering part, and the steering part includes at least three steering wheels:

[0023] The first hoisting mooring rope and the second hoisting mooring rope are respectively wound on the drums of the first hoisting part and the second hoisting part through the steering wheel;

[0024] The fourth winch mooring rope is wound around the drum of the single-drum winch through the steering sheave.

[0025] As an embodiment of the present application, the positions of the rope outlet holes of the first hoisting mooring rope, the second hoisting mooring rope and the fourth hoisting mooring rope are isosceles obtuse triangles, wherein the line connecting the positions of the rope outlet holes of the first hoisting mooring rope and the second hoisting mooring rope is the base of the isosceles obtuse triangle.

[0026] As an embodiment of the present application, the first hoisting part, the second hoisting part, the control part, the first transmission part, the second transmission part and the energy conversion part are arranged in an indoor energy conversion production workshop; the energy conversion production workshop is arranged on the vertical center line of the base below the center of gravity of the isosceles obtuse triangle.

[0027] As an implementation manner of the present application, positioning terminals are respectively installed on the first parachute ladder group, the second parachute ladder group and the aerostat to perform altitude monitoring.

[0028] As an embodiment of the present application, the first hoisting part, the second hoisting part and the ground single-drum hoist are respectively equipped with three pulley sensors to calculate the moving speed, rope reeling length and rope releasing length of the mooring rope on the corresponding drum, and monitor the tension of the mooring rope on the corresponding drum.

[0029] The present invention also provides a method for switching the state of a high-altitude wind energy utilization system of an aerostat with a fixed-altitude enclosed parachute ladder, characterized in that the state switching method is implemented based on the high-altitude wind energy utilization system of the aerostat with a fixed-altitude enclosed parachute ladder described in any one of the above items, and the state switching method includes: switching the system from a preparation and maintenance state to a start-up and standby state, the system from the start-up and standby state to a normal working state, the system from the normal working state to a stop state, the system from the stop state to a start-up and standby state, a method for the system to switch from the normal working state to a start-up and standby state, the system from the start-up and standby state to a height adjustment state, and the system from the start-up and standby state to a preparation and maintenance state.

[0030] As an embodiment of the present application, the system switches from a preparation and maintenance state to a startup and standby state, comprising the following steps:

[0031] Step S1-1: Perform status checks, including system status checks and weather condition checks. If the check results meet the working conditions, proceed to step S1-2;

[0032] Step S1-2: Set the predetermined floating height H of the airship, and calculate the initial release length L of the first hoisting mooring rope and the second hoisting mooring rope according to the predetermined floating height H and wind conditions. 初始 , and the release speed V4 of the fourth winch mooring rope;

[0033] Step S1-3: slowly release the brake mechanism of the mono-drum winch to control the release speed of the fourth winch mooring rope to not exceed V4; at the same time, release the brake mechanism of the first winch;

[0034] Step S1-4: When the actual release length of the first winch mooring rope reaches L 1初始 After that, release the brake mechanism of the second hoisting part, and at the same time, control the brake mechanism of the first hoisting part to brake, and record the final initial release length L of the first hoisting mooring rope. 1初始 ’ ;

[0035] Step S1-5: Determine the actual release length of the second winch mooring rope, and whether it reaches L 2初始 Then control the brake mechanism of the second winch to brake and record the final initial release length L of the second winch mooring rope 2初始 ’ ;

[0036] Step S1-6: Determine the actual release speed of the fourth winch mooring rope, and when it drops to 0, control the brake mechanism of the mono-drum winch to brake the vehicle, and record the final release length L4 of the fourth winch mooring rope. ’ ;

[0037] Step S1-7: End the control, and the system completes the switch from the preparation and maintenance state to the start-up and standby state.

[0038] As an embodiment of the present application, when the normal working state is the intermittent operation mode, the system enters the normal working state from the startup and standby states including:

[0039] Step S2A-1: Perform status checks again, including system status checks and weather condition checks. If the check results meet the working conditions, proceed to step S2A-2;

[0040] Step S2A-2: Set the rope-out speed V1 and rope-out length S1 of the mooring rope, as well as the maximum rope-out threshold S 1max ;

[0041] Step S2A-3: Control clutch A and clutch B to be closed, clutch C to be open, and transmission A and transmission B to be switched to forward direction;

[0042] Step S2A-4: releasing the brake mechanism of the first hoisting part and the brake mechanism of the second hoisting part, and at the same time, opening the first parachute ladder assembly;

[0043] Step S2A-5: Monitor the actual outgoing speed V1 of the first winch mooring rope through the three-pulley sensor ’ And the actual rope length S1 ’ , when V1 ’ When V1 is equal to V1, the braking force of the brake mechanism of the first winch is controlled so that V1 ’ Keep it equal to V1 and pull out the rope at a constant speed;

[0044] Step S2A-6: When S1 ’ When the set value S1 is exceeded, the second parachute ladder group is opened, and the braking force of the brake mechanism of the first hoisting part and the brake mechanism of the second hoisting part is controlled so that S1 does not exceed the threshold value S max ;

[0045] Step S2A-7: When V1 ’ When the value drops to 0, both gearbox A and gearbox B are controlled to reverse.

[0046] Step S2A-8: releasing the brake mechanism of the first hoisting part and the brake mechanism of the second hoisting part, and at the same time, closing the first parachute ladder assembly;

[0047] Step S2A-9: Monitor the actual outgoing speed V2 of the second winch mooring rope through the three-pulley sensor ’ And the actual rope length S2 ’ , when V2 ’ When V1 is equal to V2, the braking force of the brake mechanism of the second winch is controlled so that V2 ’ Keep it equal to V1 and pull out the rope at a constant speed;

[0048] Step S2A-10: When S2 ’ When the set value S is exceeded, the second parachute ladder group is opened, and the braking force of the brake mechanism of the first hoisting part and the brake mechanism of the second hoisting part is controlled so that S1 does not exceed the threshold value S max ;

[0049] Step S2A-11: When V1 ’ When the value drops to 0, both gearbox A and gearbox B are controlled to reverse.

[0050] Step S2A-12: releasing the brake mechanism of the first hoisting part and the brake mechanism of the second hoisting part, and at the same time, closing the second parachute ladder assembly;

[0051] Step S2A-13: If the system does not receive other instructions, execute step S2A-4 and the system enters normal working state.

[0052] As an embodiment of the present application, during the process of the system entering the normal working state from the startup and standby state, the gearbox A and the gearbox B are in the same direction, the first hoisting part and the second hoisting part both output the rope from the bottom and the rope output directions are opposite; the gearbox A and the gearbox B are in opposite directions, and the rope output directions of the first hoisting part and the second hoisting part are the same.

[0053] As an embodiment of the present application, in step S2A-5, the first hoisting mooring rope is unwound at a constant speed, and the first parachute ladder assembly is gradually accelerated upward by the wind, driving the first hoisting mooring rope to pull the first hoisting part to rotate forward, thereby driving the energy conversion part and the second hoisting part to rotate forward, and retrieving the second hoisting mooring rope at the same speed as the first hoisting part, pulling the second parachute ladder assembly to move obliquely downward along the second hoisting mooring rope;

[0054] Similarly, in step S2A-9, the second hoisting mooring rope is unwound at a uniform speed, and the second parachute ladder group is gradually accelerated upward by the wind, and the first hoisting mooring rope is recovered at the same speed as the second hoisting part, pulling the first parachute ladder group to move obliquely downward along the first hoisting mooring rope.

[0055] As an embodiment of the present application, when the normal working state is the continuous operation mode, the system enters the normal working state from the startup and standby states including:

[0056] Step S2B-1: Perform status checks again, including system status checks and weather condition checks. If the check results meet the working conditions, proceed to step S2B-2;

[0057] Step S2B-2: Set the rope-drawing speed V1 and rope-drawing length S1 of the mooring rope, as well as the maximum rope-drawing threshold S 1max ; and set the start interval time T of the two sets of drive units; where T is less than the time during which the first hoisting mooring rope or the second hoisting mooring rope in any set of drive units continuously feeds out at a uniform speed;

[0058] Step S2B-3: Open the clutch C of the first drive unit and close the clutch C of the second drive unit; at the same time, start the first drive unit according to steps S2A-3 to S2A-13, and record the running time T of the first drive unit when executing step S2A-3. ’ ;

[0059] Step S2B-4: When T ’ When T is reached, the second set of driving units is started according to steps S2A-3 to S2A-13;

[0060] Step S2B-5: During operation, the operating status of the first and second drive units are monitored. When either drive unit executes step S2A-5 or step S2A-9 and maintains the rope delivery speed at V, the clutch C of the corresponding drive unit is closed. When either drive unit completes step S2A-5 or step S2A-9, the clutch C of the corresponding drive unit is opened.

[0061] Step S2B-6: When the system does not receive other instructions, execute step S2B-3 and the system enters normal working state.

[0062] As an embodiment of the present application, the method for switching from a normal operating state to a stopped state includes:

[0063] Step S3-1, opening all first parachute ladder groups and second parachute ladder groups, and activating the brake mechanisms of all first hoisting parts and second hoisting parts;

[0064] Step S3-2: When the speeds of the first hoisting mooring rope and the second hoisting mooring rope drop to 0, all the first parachute ladder groups and the second parachute ladder groups are closed.

[0065] As an implementation manner of the present application, the step of entering the startup and standby states from the stop state includes:

[0066] Step S4-1: Determine L 1初始 ’ and L 2初始 ’ Is it more than L 初始 :

[0067] If neither exceeds, then go to step S4-7, otherwise go to step S4-2;

[0068] Step S4-2: Determine whether each set of driving parts is provided with a third transmission part:

[0069] If a third transmission unit is provided, the clutch C of the third transmission unit is disconnected;

[0070] If the third transmission part is not provided, proceed to step S4-3;

[0071] Step S4-3: Close clutch A and clutch B in each drive unit, and switch gearbox A and gearbox B to forward direction;

[0072] Step S4-4: closing the internal clutch of each first winding unit to connect the motor to the drum shaft;

[0073] Step S4-5: starting the internal motor of the first hoisting unit, dragging the first hoisting unit to retract the first hoisting mooring rope at a uniform speed, and determining the length of the first hoisting mooring rope in real time;

[0074] Step S4-6: When the length of the mooring rope of the first hoist of a certain driving unit reaches L1', the internal motor of the corresponding first hoist is turned off, the brakes of the corresponding first hoist and second hoist are activated, and the internal clutch of the first hoist is disconnected;

[0075] Step S4-7: After all driving units have completed the above steps, the system enters the startup and standby state.

[0076] As an embodiment of the present application, the method for the system to enter the preparation and maintenance state from the startup and standby state is:

[0077] Step S7-1: Disconnect clutch A, clutch B, and clutch C, and simultaneously close the internal clutches of the first and second hoisting parts;

[0078] Step S7-2: Set gearbox A to forward and gearbox B to reverse;

[0079] Step S7-3: Activate the monodrum winch to reclaim the fourth hoisting mooring rope, thereby lowering the aerostat. Simultaneously, activate the first hoisting unit and the second hoisting unit to reclaim the first hoisting mooring rope and the second hoisting mooring rope, respectively.

[0080] Step S7-4: the aerostat is recovered to the ground; the connection part between the first parachute ladder group and the first hoisting mooring rope is recovered to the position of the rope outlet hole of the first hoisting mooring rope; the connection part between the second parachute ladder group and the second hoisting mooring rope is recovered to the position of the rope outlet hole of the second hoisting mooring rope respectively; the system is completed from the startup and standby state to the preparation and maintenance state.

[0081] The embodiments of the present invention have the following technical effects:

[0082] 1. The present invention discloses a high-altitude wind energy utilization system using an aerostat with a fixed-height enclosed parachute ladder. The aerostat provides the height at which the parachute ladder groups convert wind energy. Two parachute ladder groups are symmetrically arranged around the aerostat. A first parachute ladder group and a second parachute ladder group are connected to either side of the aerostat via a pulley assembly and a mooring mechanism. One end of a first hoisting section is connected to the first parachute ladder group, while one end of a second hoisting section is connected to the second parachute ladder group. The other end of the first hoisting section is sequentially connected to a first transmission section, an energy conversion section, a second transmission section, and the other end of the second hoisting section, forming a closed parachute ladder high-altitude wind energy utilization system. During the wind energy conversion process, the first and second parachute ladder groups convert wind energy through the opening and closing of the parachute and the upward and downward movement of the parachute. The aerostat merely provides the height at which the parachute ladder groups convert wind energy, eliminating the need for frequent lifting and lowering. This overcomes the reliance on the aerostat's durability and avoids the problem of limiting high-altitude wind energy conversion efficiency due to the limited lowering speed of the aerostat. This saves energy consumed by frequently lowering the aerostat, thereby further improving the overall system's wind energy utilization efficiency.

[0083] 2. The high-altitude wind energy utilization system of the fixed-height enclosed parachute ladder provided by the present invention includes at least one set of driving parts. One set of driving parts is used to realize wind energy conversion. The two sets are used in combination to stably output the energy converted from wind energy, further improving the efficiency and stability of wind energy conversion.

[0084] 3. This application also provides a method for switching the high-altitude wind energy utilization state of an aerostat with a fixed-height closed parachute ladder, which can achieve safe, fast and stable switching of different working states of the above-mentioned system, and quickly and steadily complete the conversion of wind energy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0085] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0086] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a configuration of a dual-roller direct parallel drive mode using a single set of drive units provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0087] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a configuration of a dual-roller direct parallel drive mode using dual drive units provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0088] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a configuration using a dual-roller indirect series drive mode provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0089] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a system connection using a dual-roller indirect series drive method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0090] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a method for switching high-altitude wind energy utilization states of an aerostat fixed-height enclosed parachute ladder provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0091] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the operating speed and operating time of the driving unit and the energy conversion unit corresponding to the continuous operation mode in the normal working state provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0092] Figure 7 This is a flow chart of a method for switching a system from a preparation and maintenance state to a startup and standby state provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0093] Figure 8 The normal working state of the system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is an intermittent operating mode, and the system enters the normal working state from the startup and standby states.

[0094] Figure 9 The normal operating state of the system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is a flow chart of a method for the system to enter the normal operating state from the startup and standby states;

[0095] Figure 10 This is a flow chart of a method for a system provided by an embodiment of the present invention to enter a startup and standby state from a stop state;

[0096] Figure 11 It is a flow chart of a method for a system provided by an embodiment of the present invention to enter a preparation and maintenance state from a startup and standby state.

[0097] 1-1, first hoisting mooring rope; 1-5, second hoisting mooring rope; 1-3, third hoisting mooring rope; 1-6, fourth hoisting mooring rope; 10-1, first parachute ladder assembly; 10-2, second parachute ladder assembly; 2-1, aerostat; 2-2, single-drum winch; 3, pulley assembly; 4, steering wheel; 5-1, first hoisting unit; 5-2, second hoisting unit; 7-1, first transmission unit; 7-2, second transmission unit; 7-1-1 , clutch A; 7-1-2, gearbox A; 7-2-1, clutch B; 7-2-2, gearbox B; 7-3-1, three-axis reversing gearbox; 7-3-2, clutch C; 6. Control unit; 8. Energy conversion unit; 11. Positioning terminal; 12-1, rope outlet hole for the first winch mooring rope; 12-2, rope outlet hole for the second winch mooring rope; 12-3, rope outlet hole for the fourth winch mooring rope; 13. Three-pulley sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0098] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0099] Various devices for converting wind energy, which convert wind energy by driving the working parachute through the rise and fall of the aerostat, are limited by the aerostat. Based on this problem, this application proposes an aerostat fixed height closed parachute ladder high altitude wind energy utilization system. Figure 4 It can be seen that it specifically includes: a control unit 6, an energy conversion unit 8 and at least one set of driving units;

[0100] The drive unit is used to drive wind energy conversion; each drive unit includes a mooring unit, an aerostat unit, a pulley unit 3, a first hoisting unit 5-1, a second hoisting unit 5-2, a first transmission unit 7-1, a second transmission unit 7-2, a first parachute ladder unit 10-1 and a second parachute ladder unit 10-2;

[0101] The aerostat section includes an aerial aerostat 2-1 and a ground-based monocoque winch 2-2 connected by ropes. The aerostat 2-1 is used to provide the parachute ladder assembly with a height for wind energy conversion. The first parachute ladder assembly 10-1 and the second parachute ladder assembly 10-2 convert wind energy by opening and closing the parachute and sliding up and down.

[0102] The first umbrella ladder group 10-1 and the second umbrella ladder group 10-2 are symmetrical to each other and consist of a number of umbrella groups of equal number. The strength of the headwind is controlled by switching the umbrella groups, thereby driving the corresponding hoisting parts to work.

[0103] The two parachute ladder groups are symmetrically arranged around the aerostat. A pulley assembly and a mooring unit are used to connect one end of the first parachute ladder group and the second parachute ladder group to either side of the aerostat. The other end of the first parachute ladder group is connected in sequence to the first hoisting unit and the first transmission unit, while the other end of the second parachute ladder group is connected in sequence to the second hoisting unit and the second transmission unit. The first and second transmission units are connected via an energy conversion unit, together forming a closed parachute ladder high-altitude wind energy utilization system. During the wind energy conversion process, the first and second parachute ladder groups convert wind energy through the opening and closing of the parachute and the up and down gliding of the parachute. The aerostat only provides the parachute ladder group with the height to convert wind energy, eliminating the need for frequent lifting and lowering. This overcomes the reliance on the durability of the aerostat, avoids the problem of high-altitude wind energy conversion efficiency being restricted due to the limited lowering speed of the aerostat, saves energy consumed by frequently lowering the aerostat, and further improves the effective utilization rate of wind energy in the overall system.

[0104] The pulley assembly part 3 is hoisted and connected to the bottom of the airship 2-1, and the first parachute ladder group 10-1 and the second parachute ladder group 10-2 are respectively connected to the two sides of the airship 2-1 through the mooring part. One end of the first hoisting part 5-1 is connected to the first parachute ladder group 10-1, and one end of the second hoisting part 5-2 is connected to the second parachute ladder group 10-2. The other end of the first hoisting part 5-1 is connected to the first transmission part 7-1, the energy conversion part 8, the second transmission part 7-2 and the other end of the second hoisting part 5-2 in sequence to form a closed parachute ladder high-altitude wind energy utilization system.

[0105] The control unit 6 is used to monitor the operation of the system and perform corresponding control according to the working mode of the system.

[0106] As an embodiment of the present application, the energy conversion part 8 is a double-pick type, and the first transmission part 7-1 and the second transmission part 7-2 are respectively connected to the mechanical energy input ends on both sides of the energy conversion part 8. Figure 3As shown, this can also be called a dual-drum indirect series drive system. There are only the first transmission unit 7-1 and the second transmission unit 7-2. The gearbox A7-1-2 of the first transmission unit 7-1 is connected to the output shaft of the first hoist unit 5-1, the clutch A7-1-1 is connected to one input shaft of the energy conversion unit 8, the gearbox B7-2-2 is connected to the output shaft of the second hoist unit 5-2, and the clutch B7-2-1 is connected to the other input shaft of the energy conversion unit 8. This connection method corresponds to the intermittent operation mode.

[0107] As an embodiment of the present application, it further includes a third transmission part 7-3;

[0108] The first transmission unit 7-1 includes a shaft-connected clutch A7-1-1 and a gearbox A7-1-2, the second transmission unit 7-2 includes a shaft-connected clutch B7-2-1 and a gearbox B7-2-2, and the third transmission unit 7-3 includes a three-axis reversing gearbox 7-3-1 and a clutch C7-3-2;

[0109] The three-axis reversing gearbox 7-3-1 is connected to the clutch A7-1-1, the clutch B7-2-1 and the clutch C7-3-2 respectively, wherein the other end of the clutch C7-3-2 is connected to the mechanical energy input end of the energy conversion unit 8, such as Figure 1 As shown, this can also be called a dual-drum direct parallel drive system. The symmetrical axis of the three-axis reversing gearbox 7-3-1 of the third transmission unit 7-3 is connected to the input shaft of the energy conversion unit 8. The gearbox A7-1-2 of the first transmission unit 7-1 is connected to the output shaft of the first hoisting unit 5-1. The clutch A7-1-1 is connected to one asymmetric input shaft of the three-axis reversing gearbox 7-3-1. The gearbox B7-2-2 is connected to the output shaft of the second hoisting unit 5-2. The clutch B7-2-1 is connected to the other asymmetric input shaft of the three-axis reversing gearbox 7-3-1. This connection method corresponds to the intermittent operation mode.

[0110] As an embodiment of the present application, the system includes two sets of drive units, and the clutch C7-3-2 of each drive unit is respectively connected to the mechanical energy input ends on both sides of the energy conversion unit 8. Figure 2 As shown, this can also be called a dual-drum direct parallel drive mode. The energy conversion unit 8 uses a double-pick drive, meaning both rotor shafts are mechanical energy input shafts, and two sets of drive units are connected to the two sides of the energy conversion unit 8. This connection method corresponds to the normal operating state of continuous operation.

[0111] The present invention provides a high-altitude wind energy utilization system for an aerostat with a fixed-height enclosed parachute ladder, comprising at least one set of drive units. Wind energy conversion is only truly effective when the parachute ladder assembly is in uniform motion. Therefore, using only one set of drive units is sufficient for wind energy conversion. However, the uniform motion of the parachute ladder assembly is not continuous, and the energy output from wind energy conversion is unstable, resulting in intermittent energy output. Therefore, the coordinated use of two sets of drive units allows for alternating stable energy output, significantly improving both wind energy conversion efficiency and stability.

[0112] As an embodiment of the present application, the mooring portion includes a first hoisting mooring rope 1-1 connecting the first hoisting portion 5-1 and the first parachute ladder group 10-1, a second hoisting mooring rope 1-5 connecting the second hoisting portion 5-2 and the second parachute ladder group 10-2, a third hoisting mooring rope 1-3 connecting the first parachute ladder group 10-2 and the second parachute ladder group 10-2, and a fourth hoisting mooring rope 1-6 connecting the airship 2-1 and the mono-drum winch 2-2.

[0113] As an embodiment of the present application, each set of driving parts further includes a steering part, which includes at least three steering wheels 4:

[0114] The first hoisting mooring rope 1-1 and the second hoisting mooring rope 1-5 are respectively wound on the drums of the first hoisting part 5-1 and the second hoisting part 5-2 through the steering wheel 4;

[0115] The fourth hoisting mooring rope 1-6 is wound around the drum of the single-drum hoist 2-2 via the steering wheel 4.

[0116] In one embodiment of the present application, the exit holes for the first hoisting mooring rope 1-1, the second hoisting mooring rope 1-5, and the fourth hoisting mooring rope 1-6 form an isosceles obtuse triangle. The line connecting the exit hole 12-1 for the first hoisting mooring rope and the exit hole 12-2 for the second hoisting mooring rope forms the base of the isosceles obtuse triangle, while the exit hole 12-3 for the fourth hoisting mooring rope 1-6 forms the vertex of the isosceles obtuse triangle. This reduces the footprint while ensuring system stability.

[0117] As an embodiment of the present application, the first hoisting part 5-1, the second hoisting part 5-2, the control part 6, the first transmission part 7-1, the second transmission part 7-2 and the energy conversion part 8 are arranged in an indoor energy conversion production workshop; the energy conversion production workshop is arranged on the vertical center line of the base below the center of gravity of the isosceles obtuse triangle.

[0118] As one embodiment of the present application, positioning terminals 11 are installed on the first parachute ladder assembly 10-1, the second parachute ladder assembly 10-2, and the aerostat 2-1 for altitude monitoring. Exemplarily, the positioning terminals are low-power Beidou positioning terminals. Each Beidou positioning terminal is connected to the control unit 6 via wireless communication.

[0119] As one embodiment of the present application, the first hoisting section 5-1, the second hoisting section 5-2, and the ground-based single-drum hoist 2-2 are each equipped with a three-pulley sensor 13 to calculate the speed, reel-in length, and pay-out length of the mooring rope on the corresponding drum. The three-pulley sensor 13 includes an encoder and a tension sensor. The encoder is used to calculate the speed and reel-in / pay-out length of the corresponding rope, while the tension sensor is used to monitor the rope tension at the hoist end. Each three-pulley sensor 13 is connected to the control unit 6 via a fieldbus communication link.

[0120] Based on the high-altitude wind energy utilization system of the aerostat fixed-altitude closed parachute ladder in any of the above-mentioned embodiments, a high-altitude wind energy utilization state switching method of the aerostat fixed-altitude closed parachute ladder is also provided.

[0121] The working states of the airship fixed height enclosed parachute ladder high altitude wind energy utilization system are divided into preparation and maintenance state, start and standby state, normal working state, stop state, recovery state, and height adjustment state. The state switching method of the airship fixed height enclosed parachute ladder high altitude wind energy utilization state is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the system specifically includes: switching from a standby and maintenance state to a startup and standby state, switching from a startup and standby state to a normal working state, switching from a normal working state to a stopped state, switching from a stopped state to a startup and standby state, switching from a normal working state to a startup and standby state, switching from a startup and standby state to a high-voltage state, and switching from a startup and standby state to a standby and maintenance state. This enables safe, rapid, and stable switching between different working states of the aforementioned system, enabling rapid and robust conversion of wind energy.

[0122] Preparation and maintenance state: It is a static state and the initial state of the system. When the system needs maintenance or avoid meteorological risks, the system stops working and eventually enters this state. At this time, the first hoisting part 5-1 and the second hoisting part 5-2 recycle their corresponding cables to the maximum recyclable amount, the airship 2-1 and the pulley group part 3 are recycle to the corresponding rope outlet hole 12-3 on the ground, and the connection part of the first parachute ladder group 10-1 and the first hoisting mooring rope 1-1, and the connection part of the second parachute ladder group 10-2 and the second hoisting mooring rope 1-5 are respectively recycle to the outside of the corresponding rope outlet hole, and the distance from the corresponding rope outlet hole is greater than 1m to prevent the parachute from being rolled into the rope outlet hole. The distance of 1m will be adjusted in real time according to the size and speed of the parachute. Each parachute ladder group and parachute group is in a closed state.

[0123] Startup and standby state: It is a static state. In this state, the system can switch to other states at any time. It is a pre-condition for normal working state, recovery state and height adjustment state. At this time, the aerostat 2-1 is located near the initially set height, that is, the predetermined floating height H. The maximum height of the predetermined floating height H corresponds to the length of the fourth hoisting mooring rope 1-6. The connection part of the first parachute ladder group 10-1 and the first hoisting mooring rope 1-1 is located at the initial setting position of the corresponding rope outlet hole 12-1. The initial release length L of the first hoisting mooring rope 1-1 and the second hoisting mooring rope 1-5 is 1 / 4 of the initial setting position. 初始。

[0124] The normal working state is the motion state, in which the first hoisting part 5-1 and the second hoisting part 5-2 are powered by their respective corresponding parachute ladder groups to open and close the parachute, perform reciprocating motion, and positively drive the energy conversion part 8 to work.

[0125] The stop state is a stationary state, which is the state after emergency stop;

[0126] The recovery state is in motion. The system needs to be repaired or shut down for a long time and needs to return to the standby and maintenance state. At this time, the recovery state is started.

[0127] The height adjustment state is a motion state, which means that after the system is started, the height of the aerostat 2-1 needs to be adjusted to reduce or increase the system power. At this time, the height adjustment state is entered;

[0128] Furthermore, in the above states, if it is a stationary state, the first hoisting part 5-1 and the second hoisting part 5-2 are both in a braking state, and the moving state refers to any hoisting system of the first hoisting part 5-1 and the second hoisting part 5-2 being in the process of retracting or releasing the cable;

[0129] As an embodiment of the present application, the system switches from the preparation and maintenance state to the start-up and standby state. Figure 7 It can be seen that the following steps are included:

[0130] Step S1-1: Perform status checks, including system status checks and weather condition checks. If the check results meet the working conditions, proceed to step S1-2;

[0131] Step S1-2: Set the predetermined floating height H of the aerostat 2-1, and calculate the initial release length L of the first hoisting mooring rope 1-1 and the second hoisting mooring rope 1-5 according to the predetermined floating height H and wind conditions. 初始 , and the release speed V4 of the fourth hoisting mooring rope 1-6;

[0132] Step S1-3: slowly release the brake mechanism of the mono-drum winch 2-2, controlling the release speed of the fourth winch mooring rope 1-6 to not exceed V4; at the same time, release the brake mechanism of the first winch part 5-1;

[0133] Step S1-4: When the actual release length of the first hoisting mooring rope 1-1 reaches L 1初始 After that, the brake mechanism of the second hoisting part 5-2 is released, and at the same time, the brake mechanism of the first hoisting part 5-1 is controlled to brake, and the final initial release length L of the first hoisting mooring rope 1-1 is recorded. 1初始 ’ ;

[0134] Furthermore, the actual release length of the first winch mooring rope 1-1 is L 1初始 ’ When the first parachute ladder assembly 10-1 and the first hoisting mooring rope 1-1 are connected, the position of the connection portion is set to the initial position of the rope outlet hole 12-1 corresponding to the connection portion of the first hoisting mooring rope 1-1.

[0135] Step S1-5: Determine the actual release length of the second winch mooring rope 1-5, and whether it reaches L 2初始 Then control the brake mechanism of the second hoisting part 5-2 to brake, and record the final initial release length L of the second hoisting mooring rope 1-5 2初始 ’ ;

[0136] Step S1-6: Determine the actual release speed of the fourth hoisting mooring rope 1-6. When it drops to 0, control the brake mechanism of the mono-drum hoist 2-2 to brake the vehicle and record the final release length L4 of the fourth hoisting mooring rope 1-6. ’ ;

[0137] Step S1-7: End the control, and the system completes the switch from the preparation and maintenance state to the start-up and standby state.

[0138] The system needs to enter the normal working state for energy conversion. According to the different driving forms (modes) and the number of driving parts 9, the normal working state operation method of the system and the method and steps of entering the normal working state from the startup and standby states are different. The normal working mode is divided into continuous operation mode and intermittent operation mode.

[0139] In the continuous operation mode, two sets of driving parts 9 and double rollers are directly connected in parallel, and the energy conversion part 8 is a double-pick type;

[0140] In the intermittent operation mode, a set of driving parts 9 is adopted, a double-drum direct parallel driving mode or a double-drum indirect series driving mode, wherein the energy conversion part 8 in the double-drum direct parallel driving mode is a single-pick type, and the energy conversion part 8 in the double-drum indirect series driving mode is a double-pick type.

[0141] Taking the left end face of the energy conversion part as the reference, clockwise rotation is defined as positive rotation, and counterclockwise rotation is defined as negative rotation;

[0142] Furthermore, when the normal working state is intermittent operation mode, the system enters the normal working state from the start-up and standby state. Figure 8 It is known that:

[0143] Step S2A-1: Perform status checks again, including system status checks and weather condition checks. If the check results meet the working conditions, proceed to step S2A-2;

[0144] Step S2A-2: Set the rope-out speed V1 and rope-out length S1 of the mooring rope, as well as the maximum rope-out threshold S 1max ;

[0145] Step S2A-3: Control clutch A7-1-1 and clutch B7-2-1 to be closed, clutch C7-3-2 to be open, and transmission A7-1-2 and transmission B7-2-2 to be switched to forward direction;

[0146] Step S2A-4: releasing the brake mechanism of the first hoisting part 5-1 and the brake mechanism of the second hoisting part 5-2, and at the same time, opening the first parachute ladder assembly 10-1;

[0147] Step S2A-5: Monitor the actual outgoing speed V1 of the first hoisting mooring rope 1-1 through the three-pulley sensor 13 ’ And the actual rope length S1 ’ , when V1 ’ When V1 is equal to V1, the braking force of the brake mechanism of the first hoisting part 5-1 is controlled so that V1 ’ Keep it equal to V1 and pull out the rope at a constant speed;

[0148] Step S2A-6: When S1 ’ When the set value S1 is exceeded, the second parachute ladder group 10-2 is opened, and the braking force of the braking mechanism of the first hoisting part 5-1 and the braking mechanism of the second hoisting part 5-2 is controlled so that S1 does not exceed the threshold value S max ;

[0149] Step S2A-7: When V1 ’ When the value drops to 0, the control gearboxes A7-1-2 and B7-2-2 are both reversed;

[0150] Step S2A-8: releasing the brake mechanism of the first hoisting part 5-1 and the brake mechanism of the second hoisting part 5-2, and at the same time, closing the first parachute ladder assembly 10-1;

[0151] Step S2A-9: Monitor the actual outgoing speed V2 of the second winch mooring rope 1-5 through the three-pulley sensor 13 ’ And the actual rope length S2 ’ , when V2 ’When V1 is equal to V2, the braking force of the braking mechanism of the second hoisting part 5-2 is controlled so that V2 ’ Keep it equal to V1 and pull out the rope at a constant speed;

[0152] Step S2A-10: When S2 ’ When the set value S is exceeded, the second parachute ladder group 10-2 is opened, and the braking force of the braking mechanism of the first hoisting part 5-1 and the braking mechanism of the second hoisting part 5-2 is controlled so that S1 does not exceed the threshold value S max ;

[0153] Step S2A-11: When V1 ’ When the value drops to 0, the control gearboxes A7-1-2 and B7-2-2 are both reversed;

[0154] Step S2A-12: releasing the brake mechanism of the first hoisting part 5-1 and the brake mechanism of the second hoisting part 5-2, and at the same time, closing the second parachute ladder assembly 10-2;

[0155] Step S2A-13: If the system does not receive other instructions, execute step S2A-4 and the system enters normal working state.

[0156] As an embodiment of the present application, when the system enters the normal working state from the startup and standby state, the gearbox A7-1-2 and the gearbox B7-2-2 have the same direction, and the first hoisting part 5-1 and the second hoisting part 5-2 both output the rope from the bottom and in opposite directions; the gearbox A7-1-2 and the gearbox B7-2-2 have opposite directions, and the first hoisting part 5-1 and the second hoisting part 5-2 have the same rope output direction.

[0157] As an embodiment of the present application, in step S2A-5, the first hoisting mooring rope 1-1 is unwound at a constant speed, and the first parachute ladder assembly 10-1 is gradually accelerated upward by the wind, driving the first hoisting mooring rope 1-1 to pull the first hoisting part 5-1 to rotate forward, thereby driving the energy conversion part 8 and the second hoisting part 5-2 to rotate forward, and retrieving the second hoisting mooring rope 1-5 at the same speed as the first hoisting part 5-1, pulling the second parachute ladder assembly 10-2 to move obliquely downward along the second hoisting mooring rope 1-5;

[0158] Similarly, in step S2A-9, the second hoisting mooring rope 1-5 is unwound at a constant speed, and the second parachute ladder group 10-2 is gradually accelerated upward by the wind, and the first hoisting mooring rope 1-1 is recovered at the same speed as the second hoisting part 5-2, pulling the first parachute ladder group 10-1 to move obliquely downward along the first hoisting mooring rope 1-1.

[0159] As an implementation method of the present application, when the normal working state is the continuous operation mode, the system enters the normal working state from the startup and standby states, Figure 9 It is known that:

[0160] Step S2B-1: Perform status checks again, including system status checks and weather condition checks. If the check results meet the working conditions, proceed to step S2B-2;

[0161] Step S2B-2: Set the rope-drawing speed V1 and rope-drawing length S1 of the mooring rope, as well as the maximum rope-drawing threshold S 1max ; and set the start interval time T of the two sets of drive units; where T is less than the time during which the first hoisting mooring rope 1-1 or the second hoisting mooring rope 1-5 in any set of drive units continuously delivers the rope at a uniform speed; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the operating speed and operating time of the driving unit and the energy conversion unit corresponding to the continuous operation mode in the normal working state provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0162] Step S2B-3: Open the clutch C7-3-2 of the first drive unit and close the clutch C7-3-2 of the second drive unit; at the same time, start the first drive unit according to steps S2A-3 to S2A-13, and record the operating time T' of the first drive unit during the execution of step S2A-3;

[0163] Step S2B-4: When T ’ When T is reached, the second set of driving units is started according to steps S2A-3 to S2A-13;

[0164] Step S2B-5: During operation, monitor the operating status of the first and second drive units. When any drive unit executes step S2A-5 or step S2A-9 and maintains the rope delivery speed at V, close the clutch C7-3-2 of the corresponding drive unit. When any drive unit finishes step S2A-5 or step S2A-9, open the clutch C7-3-2 of the corresponding drive unit.

[0165] Step S2B-6: When the system does not receive other instructions, execute step S2B-3 and the system enters normal working state.

[0166] As an embodiment of the present application, a method for switching from a normal operating state to a stopped state includes:

[0167] Step S3-1, open all the first parachute ladder groups 10-1 and the second parachute ladder groups 10-2, and start the brake mechanisms of all the first hoisting parts 5-1 and the second hoisting parts 5-2;

[0168] Step S3-2: When the speeds of the first hoisting mooring rope 1-1 and the second hoisting mooring rope 1-5 drop to 0, all the first parachute ladder groups 10-1 and the second parachute ladder groups 10-2 are closed.

[0169] As an implementation method of the present application, the system enters the start and standby state from the stop state, Figure 10 It is known that:

[0170] Step S4-1: Determine L 1初始 ’ and L 2初始 ’ Is it more than L 初始 :

[0171] If neither exceeds, then go to step S4-7, otherwise go to step S4-2;

[0172] Step S4-2: Determine whether each set of driving parts is provided with a third transmission part 7-3:

[0173] If the third transmission unit 7-3 is provided, the clutch C7-3-2 of the third transmission unit 7-3 is disconnected;

[0174] If the third transmission part 7-3 is not provided, proceed to step S4-3;

[0175] Step S4-3: Close clutch A7-1-1 and clutch B7-2-1 in each drive unit, and switch gearbox A 7-1-2 and gearbox B 7-2-2 to forward direction;

[0176] Step S4-4: Close the internal clutch of each first winding part 5-1 to connect the motor to the drum shaft;

[0177] Step S4-5: starting the internal motor of the first hoisting unit 5-1, dragging the first hoisting unit 5-1 to retract the first hoisting mooring rope 1-1 at a constant speed, and determining the length of the first hoisting mooring rope 1-1 in real time;

[0178] Step S4-6: When the length of the mooring rope 1-1 of a certain driving unit is L1', the internal motor of the corresponding first hoisting unit 5-1 is turned off, the brakes of the corresponding first hoisting unit 5-1 and the second hoisting unit 5-2 are activated, and the internal clutch of the first hoisting unit 5-1 is disconnected;

[0179] Step S4-7: After all driving units have completed the above steps, the system enters the startup and standby state.

[0180] As an embodiment of the present application, the method for the system to enter the preparation and maintenance state from the startup and standby state is as follows: Figure 11 It can be seen that:

[0181] Step S7-1: Disconnect clutch A7-1-1, clutch B7-2-1, and clutch C7-3-2, and simultaneously close the internal clutches of the first hoisting section 5-1 and the second hoisting section 5-2;

[0182] Step S7-2: Set gearbox A7-1-2 to forward and gearbox B7-2-2 to reverse;

[0183] Step S7-3: Start the monodrum winch 2-2 to retract the fourth hoisting mooring rope 1-6, pulling the aerostat 2-1 down. Simultaneously, start the first hoisting section 5-1 and the second hoisting section 5-2 to retract the first hoisting mooring rope 1-1 and the second hoisting mooring rope 1-5, respectively.

[0184] Step S7-4: the aerostat 2-1 is recovered to the ground; the connection part between the first parachute ladder group 10-1 and the first hoisting mooring rope 1-1 is recovered to the position of the rope outlet hole 12-1 of the first hoisting mooring rope; the connection part between the second parachute ladder group 10-2 and the second hoisting mooring rope 1-5 is recovered to the position of the rope outlet hole 12-2 of the second hoisting mooring rope; the system is completed from the startup and standby state to the preparation and maintenance state.

[0185] In the aforementioned method steps, the control unit 6 collects data from each three-pulley sensor through a wired connection to obtain the rope length, rope speed and tension of each winch mooring rope. The control unit 6 collects data from each Beidou positioning terminal through a wireless connection to obtain the height of each parachute ladder group and the height of the airship. The control unit 6 controls each winch unit and transmission unit to perform logical actions through the field bus.

[0186] It should be noted that the terms used in the present invention are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. As shown in the present specification, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "one", "a", "a kind of" and / or "the" do not specifically refer to the singular and may also include the plural. The terms "comprise", "include" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method or device comprising the elements.

[0187] It should also be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. Unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a communication between the internal parts of two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0188] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The high altitude wind energy utilization system of the aerostat fixed height closed parachute ladder is characterized by: The system comprises: a control unit (6), an energy conversion unit (8) and a driving unit; The driving part is used to drive wind energy conversion; each set of driving parts includes a mooring part, an aerostat part, a pulley assembly part (3), a first hoisting part (5-1), a second hoisting part (5-2), a first transmission part (7-1), a second transmission part (7-2), a first parachute ladder group (10-1) and a second parachute ladder group (10-2); The mooring portion comprises a first hoisting mooring rope (1-1) connecting the first hoisting portion (5-1) and the first parachute ladder group (10-1), a second hoisting mooring rope (1-5) connecting the second hoisting portion (5-2) and the second parachute ladder group (10-2), a third hoisting mooring rope (1-3) connecting the first parachute ladder group (10-1) and the second parachute ladder group (10-2), and a fourth hoisting mooring rope (1-6) connecting the aerostat (2-1) and the mono-drum hoist (2-2); The aerostat section comprises an aerostat (2-1) in the air and a mono-drum winch (2-2) on the ground, connected by ropes. The aerostat (2-1) is used to provide a height for the parachute ladder group to convert wind energy. The first parachute ladder group (10-1) and the second parachute ladder group (10-2) convert wind energy by opening and closing the parachute and sliding up and down. The pulley assembly (3) is hoisted and connected to the bottom of the airship (2-1); the first parachute ladder assembly (10-1) and the second parachute ladder assembly (10-2) are respectively connected to both sides of the airship (2-1) through the mooring portion; one end of the first hoisting portion (5-1) is connected to the first parachute ladder assembly (10-1); one end of the second hoisting portion (5-2) is connected to the second parachute ladder assembly (10-2); the other end of the first hoisting portion (5-1) is sequentially connected to the first transmission portion (7-1), the energy conversion portion (8), the second transmission portion (7-2) and the other end of the second hoisting portion (5-2), thereby forming a closed parachute ladder high-altitude wind energy utilization system; Each set of driving parts also includes a steering part, and the steering part includes at least three steering wheels (4): The first hoisting mooring rope (1-1) and the second hoisting mooring rope (1-5) are respectively wound on the drums of the first hoisting part (5-1) and the second hoisting part (5-2) via the steering wheel (4); The fourth winch mooring rope (1-6) is wound around the drum of the single-drum winch (2-2) via the steering wheel (4); The positions of the rope outlet holes of the first hoisting mooring rope (1-1), the second hoisting mooring rope (1-5) and the fourth hoisting mooring rope (1-6) form an isosceles obtuse triangle, wherein the line connecting the position of the rope outlet hole (12-1) of the first hoisting mooring rope and the position of the rope outlet hole (12-2) of the second hoisting mooring rope is the base of the isosceles obtuse triangle; Also includes a third transmission unit (7-3); The first transmission part (7-1) includes a shaft-connected clutch A (7-1-1) and a gearbox A (7-1-2), the second transmission part (7-2) includes a shaft-connected clutch B (7-2-1) and a gearbox B (7-2-2), and the third transmission part (7-3) includes a three-shaft reversing gearbox (7-3-1) and a clutch C (7-3-2); The three-axis reversing gearbox (7-3-1) is connected to the clutch A (7-1-1), the clutch B (7-2-1) and the clutch C (7-3-2) respectively, wherein the other end of the clutch C (7-3-2) is connected to the mechanical energy input end of the energy conversion unit (8); The system includes two sets of driving parts, and the clutch C (7-3-2) of each set of the driving part is respectively connected to the mechanical energy input ends on both sides of the energy conversion part (8); The control unit (6) is used to monitor the operation of the system and perform corresponding control according to the working mode of the system; The working states of the aerostat fixed-height closed parachute ladder high-altitude wind energy utilization system are divided into preparation and maintenance state, start-up and standby state, normal working state, stop state, recovery state, and height adjustment state; the state switching method of the system includes: the system switching from the preparation and maintenance state to the start-up and standby state, the system entering the normal working state from the start-up and standby state, the system entering the stop state from the normal working state, the system entering the start-up and standby state from the stop state, the system switching from the normal working state to the start-up and standby state, the system entering the height adjustment state from the start-up and standby state, and the system entering the preparation and maintenance state from the start-up and standby state.

2. The high-altitude wind energy utilization system with a fixed-height enclosed parachute ladder for aerostats according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy conversion part (8) is of a double-pick type, and the first transmission part (7-1) and the second transmission part (7-2) are respectively axially connected to the mechanical energy input ends on both sides of the energy conversion part (8).

3. The high-altitude wind energy utilization system of an aerostat with a fixed-height enclosed parachute ladder according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first hoisting unit (5-1), the second hoisting unit (5-2), the control unit (6), the first transmission unit (7-1), the second transmission unit (7-2) and the energy conversion unit (8) are arranged in an indoor energy conversion production workshop; the energy conversion production workshop is arranged on the vertical center line of the base below the center of gravity of the isosceles obtuse triangle.

4. The high-altitude wind energy utilization system with a fixed-height enclosed parachute ladder for aerostats according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Positioning terminals (11) are respectively installed on the first parachute ladder group (10-1), the second parachute ladder group (10-2) and the aerostat (2-1) to perform altitude monitoring.

5. The high-altitude wind energy utilization system with a fixed-height enclosed parachute ladder for aerostats according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first hoisting section (5-1), the second hoisting section (5-2) and the ground single-drum hoist (2-2) are respectively equipped with three pulley sensors (13) to calculate the moving speed, rope retraction length and rope release length of the mooring rope on the corresponding drum, and monitor the tension of the mooring rope on the corresponding drum.

6. The high-altitude wind energy utilization system with a fixed-height enclosed parachute ladder for aerostats according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The system switches from the preparation and maintenance state to the start-up and standby state, including the following steps: Step S1-1: Perform status checks, including system status checks and weather condition checks. If the check results meet the working conditions, proceed to step S1-2; Step S1-2: Setting a predetermined floating height H of the airship (2-1), and calculating the initial release length L of the first hoisting mooring rope (1-1) and the second hoisting mooring rope (1-5) according to the predetermined floating height H and wind conditions 初始 , and the release speed V4 of the fourth winch mooring rope (1-6); Step S1-3: slowly releasing the brake mechanism of the mono-drum winch (2-2) to control the release speed of the fourth winch mooring rope (1-6) to not exceed V4; at the same time, releasing the brake mechanism of the first winch part (5-1); Step S1-4: When the actual release length of the first winch mooring rope (1-1) reaches L 1初始 After that, the brake mechanism of the second hoisting part (5-2) is released, and at the same time, the brake mechanism of the first hoisting part (5-1) is controlled to brake, and the final initial release length L of the first hoisting mooring rope (1-1) is recorded. 1初始 ’ ; Step S1-5: Determine the actual release length of the second winch mooring rope (1-5) and whether it reaches L 2初始 Then the brake mechanism of the second hoisting part (5-2) is controlled to brake, and the final initial release length L of the second hoisting mooring rope (1-5) is recorded. 2初始 ’ ; Step S1-6: Determine the actual release speed of the fourth hoisting mooring rope (1-6), and when it drops to 0, control the brake mechanism of the single-drum hoist (2-2) to brake the vehicle, and record the final release length L4 of the fourth hoisting mooring rope (1-6) ’ ; Step S1-7: End the control, and the system completes the switch from the preparation and maintenance state to the start-up and standby state.

7. The high-altitude wind energy utilization system with a fixed-height enclosed parachute ladder for aerostats according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the normal working state is the intermittent operation mode, the system enters the normal working state from the startup and standby states including: Step S2A-1: Perform status checks again, including system status checks and weather condition checks. If the check results meet the working conditions, proceed to step S2A-2; Step S2A-2: Set the rope-out speed V1 and rope-out length S1 of the mooring rope, as well as the maximum rope-out threshold S 1max ; Step S2A-3: Control clutch A (7-1-1) and clutch B (7-2-1) to be closed, clutch C (7-3-2) to be open, and transmission A (7-1-2) and transmission B (7-2-2) to be switched to forward direction; Step S2A-4: releasing the brake mechanism of the first hoisting part (5-1) and the brake mechanism of the second hoisting part (5-2), and at the same time, opening the first parachute ladder assembly (10-1); Step S2A-5: Monitor the actual rope-out speed V1 of the first winch mooring rope (1-1) through the three-pulley sensor (13). ’ And the actual rope length S1 ’ , when V1 ’ When V1 is equal to V1, the braking force of the braking mechanism of the first hoisting part (5-1) is controlled so that V1 ’ Keep it equal to V1 and pull out the rope at a constant speed; Step S2A-6: When S1 ’ When the set value S1 is exceeded, the second parachute ladder group (10-2) is opened, and the braking force of the braking mechanism of the first hoisting part (5-1) and the braking mechanism of the second hoisting part (5-2) is controlled so that S1 does not exceed the threshold value S max ; Step S2A-7: When V1 ’ When it drops to 0, both gearbox A (7-1-2) and gearbox B (7-2-2) are controlled to reverse; Step S2A-8: releasing the brake mechanism of the first hoisting part (5-1) and the brake mechanism of the second hoisting part (5-2), and at the same time, closing the first parachute ladder assembly (10-1); Step S2A-9: Monitor the actual outgoing speed V2 of the second winch mooring rope (1-5) through the three-pulley sensor (13) ’ And the actual rope length S2 ’ , when V2 ’ When V1 is equal to V2, the braking force of the brake mechanism of the second hoisting part (5-2) is controlled so that V2 ’ Keep it equal to V1 and pull out the rope at a constant speed; Step S2A-10: When S2 ’ When the set value S is exceeded, the second parachute ladder group (10-2) is opened, and the braking force of the braking mechanism of the first hoisting part (5-1) and the braking mechanism of the second hoisting part (5-2) is controlled so that S1 does not exceed the threshold value S max ; Step S2A-11: When V1 ’ When it drops to 0, both gearbox A (7-1-2) and gearbox B (7-2-2) are controlled to reverse; Step S2A-12: releasing the brake mechanism of the first hoisting part (5-1) and the brake mechanism of the second hoisting part (5-2), and at the same time, closing the second parachute ladder assembly (10-2); Step S2A-13: If the system does not receive other instructions, execute step S2A-4 and the system enters normal working state.

8. The high-altitude wind energy utilization system with a fixed-height enclosed parachute ladder for aerostats according to claim 7 is characterized in that: During the process of the system entering the normal working state from the startup and standby states, the gearbox A (7-1-2) and the gearbox B (7-2-2) have the same direction, the first hoisting part (5-1) and the second hoisting part (5-2) both have rope outlets at the bottom and in opposite directions; the gearbox A (7-1-2) and the gearbox B (7-2-2) have opposite directions, the first hoisting part (5-1) and the second hoisting part (5-2) have the same rope outlet direction.

9. The method for switching the high-altitude wind energy utilization state of an aerostat fixed-height enclosed parachute ladder according to claim 7 is characterized in that: In step S2A-5, the first hoisting mooring rope (1-1) is unwound at a constant speed, and the first parachute ladder group (10-1) is gradually accelerated upward by the wind, driving the first hoisting mooring rope (1-1) to pull the first hoisting part (5-1) to rotate forward, thereby driving the energy conversion part (8) and the second hoisting part (5-2) to rotate forward, and recovering the second hoisting mooring rope (1-5) at the same speed as the first hoisting part (5-1), pulling the second parachute ladder group (10-2) to move obliquely downward along the second hoisting mooring rope (1-5); Similarly, in step S2A-9, the second hoisting mooring rope (1-5) is unwound at a constant speed, and the second parachute ladder group (10-2) is gradually accelerated upward by the wind, and the first hoisting mooring rope (1-1) is recovered at the same rotation speed as the second hoisting part (5-2), and the first parachute ladder group (10-1) is pulled to move obliquely downward along the first hoisting mooring rope (1-1).

10. The high-altitude wind energy utilization system with a fixed-height enclosed parachute ladder for aerostats according to claim 6 is characterized in that: When the normal working state is the continuous operation mode, the system enters the normal working state from the startup and standby states including: Step S2B-1: Perform status checks again, including system status checks and weather condition checks. If the check results meet the working conditions, proceed to step S2B-2; Step S2B-2: Set the rope-drawing speed V1 and rope-drawing length S1 of the mooring rope, as well as the maximum rope-drawing threshold S 1max ; and setting a start interval time T of the two sets of driving units; wherein T is less than the time during which the first hoisting mooring rope (1-1) or the second hoisting mooring rope (1-5) in any set of driving units continuously delivers the rope at a uniform speed; Step S2B-3: Open the clutch C (7-3-2) of the first drive unit and close the clutch C (7-3-2) of the second drive unit; at the same time, start the first drive unit according to steps S2A-3 to S2A-13, and record the operating time T of the first drive unit when executing step S2A-3. ’ ; Step S2B-4: When T' reaches T, start the second set of driving parts according to steps S2A-3 to S2A-13; Step S2B-5: During operation, monitor the operating status of the first and second drive units. When any drive unit executes step S2A-5 or step S2A-9 and maintains the rope delivery speed at V, close the clutch C (7-3-2) of the corresponding drive unit. When any drive unit completes step S2A-5 or step S2A-9, open the clutch C (7-3-2) of the corresponding drive unit. Step S2B-6: When the system does not receive other instructions, execute step S2B-3 and the system enters normal working state.

11. The high-altitude wind energy utilization system with a fixed-height enclosed parachute ladder for aerostats according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The switching method from the normal operating state to the stop state includes: Step S3-1, opening all first parachute ladder groups (10-1) and second parachute ladder groups (10-2), and starting the brake mechanisms of all first hoisting parts (5-1) and second hoisting parts (5-2); Step S3-2: When the speed of the first hoisting mooring rope (1-1) and the second hoisting mooring rope (1-5) drops to 0, all the first parachute ladder groups (10-1) and the second parachute ladder groups (10-2) are closed.

12. The high-altitude wind energy utilization system with a fixed-height enclosed parachute ladder for aerostats according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of entering the start and standby state from the stop state includes: Step S4-1: Determine L 1初始 ’ and L 2初始 ’ Is it more than L 初始 : If neither exceeds, then go to step S4-7, otherwise go to step S4-2; Step S4-2: Determine whether each set of driving parts is provided with a third transmission part (7-3): If a third transmission part (7-3) is provided, the clutch C (7-3-2) of the third transmission part (7-3) is disconnected; If the third transmission part (7-3) is not provided, proceed to step S4-3; Step S4-3: Close clutch A (7-1-1) and clutch B (7-2-1) in each drive unit, and switch gearbox A (7-1-2) and gearbox B (7-2-2) to the forward direction; Step S4-4: closing the internal clutch of each first winch part (5-1) to connect the motor to the drum shaft; Step S4-5: starting the internal motor of the first hoisting part (5-1), dragging the first hoisting part (5-1) to uniformly retract the first hoisting mooring rope (1-1), and determining the length of the first hoisting mooring rope (1-1) in real time; Step S4-6: When the length of the mooring rope (1-1) of the first hoist of a certain driving unit is L1', the internal motor of the corresponding first hoist unit (5-1) is turned off, the brakes of the corresponding first hoist unit (5-1) and the second hoist unit (5-2) are started, and the internal clutch of the first hoist unit (5-1) is disconnected; Step S4-7: After all driving units have completed the above steps, the system enters the startup and standby state.

13. The high-altitude wind energy utilization system with a fixed-height enclosed parachute ladder of an aerostat according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method for the system to enter the preparation and maintenance state from the startup and standby state is as follows: Step S7-1: Disconnect clutch A (7-1-1), clutch B (7-2-1), and clutch C (7-3-2), and simultaneously close the internal clutches of the first hoisting section (5-1) and the second hoisting section (5-2); Step S7-2: Set gearbox A (7-1-2) to forward and gearbox B (7-2-2) to reverse; Step S7-3: starting the mono-drum winch (2-2) to recover the fourth hoisting mooring rope (1-6), pulling the aerostat (2-1) down, and at the same time, starting the first hoisting section (5-1) and the second hoisting section (5-2) to respectively recover the first hoisting mooring rope (1-1) and the second hoisting mooring rope (1-5); Step S7-4: the aerostat (2-1) is recovered to the ground; the connection portion between the first parachute ladder group (10-1) and the first hoisting mooring rope (1-1) is recovered to the location of the rope outlet hole (12-1) of the first hoisting mooring rope; the connection portion between the second parachute ladder group (10-2) and the second hoisting mooring rope (1-5) is recovered to the location of the rope outlet hole (12-2) of the second hoisting mooring rope; and the system is completed from the startup and standby state to the preparation and maintenance state.

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