A method of manufacturing a titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic component by laser directed energy deposition of a metal powder

Abstract

The application provides a method for manufacturing a titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetal component by metal powder laser directed energy deposition, and relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing. In order to realize effective combination of the titanium alloy and the nickel-based superalloy and improve the interface strength, the application takes a Cr / V bimetal deposition layer as a connecting transition layer, and a titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetal structural component with good interface combination is prepared by using a conventional metal powder laser directed energy deposition device. On this basis, the titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetal structure in a wide temperature range service component with a complex structure can be constructed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a method for manufacturing a titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic component by laser directed energy deposition. BACKGROUND

[0002] The service temperature of key components of aircraft in the field of aerospace is wide, such as the service temperature of turbine disk of an aero-engine is between 700-1500℃, and different parts have different requirements for material performance. Titanium alloy and nickel-based superalloy are two types of metal structural materials widely used in the field of aerospace at present, among which titanium alloy has lower density and high specific strength, and is suitable for application in high temperature environment of 400-600℃; nickel-based superalloy has good high temperature strength, creep resistance and high temperature oxidation resistance, and can be used in the environment of 700-1000℃. The titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic structure can be constructed in the wide temperature service component with complex structure by using metal additive manufacturing technology, which can realize the design characteristics of "different parts, different materials and different performance" of aircraft structure, and has important significance for effectively reducing weight and improving the thrust-to-weight ratio of aircraft.

[0003] Due to the differences in main components and crystal structures between titanium alloy and nickel-based superalloy, when the two materials are directly joined by using laser directed energy deposition technology, a large number of brittle intermetallic compounds are often formed at the interface of the two materials, and the brittle intermetallic compounds will cause cracking failure in the preparation process of the component under the huge thermal stress caused by laser directed energy deposition. Therefore, it is a major challenge to effectively combine titanium alloy and nickel-based superalloy and improve the interface strength for manufacturing titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic structure. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a method for manufacturing a titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic component by laser directed energy deposition. By using the method of the present application to join titanium alloy and nickel-based superalloy, no brittle intermetallic compounds are generated at the connection interface, and a titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic component with good interface bonding can be prepared.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the application, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present application provides a method for manufacturing a titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic component by laser directed energy deposition, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Depositing nickel-based superalloy powder on the substrate to form a nickel-based superalloy deposition layer;

[0008] Depositing Cr metal powder on the surface of the nickel-based superalloy deposition layer to form a Cr metal deposition layer;

[0009] Depositing V metal powder on the surface of the Cr metal deposition layer to form a V metal deposition layer;

[0010] Titanium alloy powder is deposited on the surface of the V metal deposition layer to form a titanium alloy deposition layer, thereby obtaining a titanium alloy / nickel-based high-temperature alloy bimetallic component.

[0011] Preferably, the total thickness of the Cr metal deposition layer is 0.2-1 mm.

[0012] Preferably, the total thickness of the V metal deposition layer is 0.2-1 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the conditions for depositing Cr metal powder include: laser spot diameter of 0.5-3 mm, laser power of 350-2600 W, laser scanning rate of 300-1200 mm / min, and single layer deposition thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0014] Preferably, the conditions for depositing the V metal powder include: a laser spot diameter of 0.5 to 3 mm, a laser power of 350 to 2600 W, a laser scanning rate of 300 to 1200 mm / min, and a single layer deposition thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 mm.

[0015] Preferably, the conditions for depositing nickel-based high-temperature alloy powder include: substrate temperature of 200-1000°C, laser spot diameter of 0.5-3 mm, laser power of 350-2600 W, laser scanning rate of 300-1200 mm / min, and single-layer deposition thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the total thickness of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy deposited layer is 5 to 50 mm.

[0017] Preferably, the conditions for depositing the titanium alloy powder include: a laser spot diameter of 0.5 to 3 mm, a laser power of 350 to 2600 W, a laser scanning rate of 300 to 1200 mm / min, and a single layer deposition thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 mm.

[0018] Preferably, the total thickness of the titanium alloy deposited layer is 5 to 50 mm.

[0019] Preferably, the particle sizes of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy powder, Cr metal powder, V metal powder and titanium alloy powder are independently 53 to 150 μm.

[0020] The application provides a method for manufacturing a titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic component by laser directed energy deposition, comprising the following steps: depositing a nickel-based superalloy powder on a substrate to form a nickel-based superalloy deposition layer; depositing a Cr metal powder on the surface of the nickel-based superalloy deposition layer to form a Cr metal deposition layer; depositing a V metal powder on the surface of the Cr metal deposition layer to form a V metal deposition layer; and depositing a titanium alloy powder on the surface of the V metal deposition layer to form a titanium alloy deposition layer, thereby obtaining a titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic component.

[0021] Since the main element in the nickel-based alloy is Ni and the main element in the titanium alloy is Ti, direct combination of the titanium alloy and the nickel-based superalloy will form a large amount of Ti-Ni intermetallic compounds at the interface, which is easy to cause cracking failure in the component preparation process. In the application, the Cr / V bimetallic deposition layer is used as a connecting transition layer, no intermetallic compound is formed between the Ni element and the Cr element, no intermetallic compound is formed between the Ti element and the V element, and no intermetallic compound is formed between the Cr element and the V element, so that the Cr / V bimetallic intermediate layer is used as a transition to construct a “nickel-based superalloy / Cr / V / titanium alloy” structure, which can effectively avoid the generation of interfacial intermetallic compounds and achieve good interfacial bonding effect.

[0022] In the application, the titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic structural component with good interfacial bonding is prepared by a reasonable intermediate layer design and a conventional metal powder laser directed energy deposition device. On this basis, the titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic structure in a wide temperature range service component with a complex structure can be constructed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic sample prepared in Example 1-3 is shown in the actual photos, wherein (a) is Example 1, (b) is Example 2, and (c) is Example 3.

[0024] Figure 2 The microstructure morphology of the internal interface bonding of the titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic sample prepared in Example 1 is shown in the figure.

[0025] Figure 3 The XRD characterization result of the internal interface bonding of the titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic sample prepared in Example 1 is shown in the figure.

[0026] Figure 4 The microstructure morphology and XRD characterization result of the internal interface bonding of the directly combined sample in Comparative Example 1 are shown in the figures. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The application provides a method for manufacturing a titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic component by laser directed energy deposition of metal powder, comprising the following steps:

[0028] depositing nickel-based superalloy powder on a substrate to form a nickel-based superalloy deposition layer;

[0029] depositing Cr metal powder on the surface of the nickel-based superalloy deposition layer to form a Cr metal deposition layer;

[0030] depositing V metal powder on the surface of the Cr metal deposition layer to form a V metal deposition layer;

[0031] depositing titanium alloy powder on the surface of the V metal deposition layer to form a titanium alloy deposition layer, thereby obtaining a titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic component.

[0032] In the application, the raw materials and equipment used are commercially available products well known in the art, unless otherwise specified.

[0033] In the application, the deposition of each layer is performed by laser directed energy deposition of metal powder, and a conventional laser directed energy deposition device for metal powder can be used.

[0034] In the application, the nickel-based superalloy powder is deposited on a substrate to form a nickel-based superalloy deposition layer.

[0035] In the application, the substrate is preferably a stainless steel substrate; and the particle size of the nickel-based superalloy powder is preferably 53-150 μm. The composition of the nickel-based superalloy powder is not particularly limited in the application, and any nickel-based superalloy powder well known in the art can be used, such as GH4099 and GH4169.

[0036] In the application, the conditions for depositing the nickel-based superalloy powder include: the substrate temperature is preferably 200-1000°C, more preferably 300-800°C, and further preferably 400-600°C; the laser spot diameter is preferably 0.5-3 mm, and more preferably 2-3 mm; the laser power is preferably 350-2600 W, and can be 500 W, 550 W, 800 W, 1000 W, 1500 W, 2000 W, 2200 W, 2400 W, or 2600 W, which is not exhaustive; the laser scanning rate is preferably 300-1200 mm / min, and can be 300 mm / min, 450 mm / min, 600 mm / min, 800 mm / min, 1000 mm / min, or 1200 mm / min, which is not exhaustive; and the single-layer deposition thickness is preferably 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0037] In the present application, the total thickness of the nickel-based superalloy deposition layer is preferably 5-50 mm, more preferably 10-30 mm, and further preferably 15-20 mm. In an embodiment of the present application, it is 5 mm or 10 mm.

[0038] After forming the nickel-based superalloy deposition layer, the present application deposits a Cr metal powder on the surface of the nickel-based superalloy deposition layer to form a Cr metal deposition layer.

[0039] In the present application, the particle size of the Cr metal powder is preferably 53-150 μm. In the present application, the conditions for depositing the Cr metal powder include: the laser spot diameter is preferably 0.5-3 mm, and more preferably 2-3 mm; the laser power is preferably 350-2600 W, and specifically can be 500 W, 550 W, 800 W, 1000 W, 1500 W, 2000 W, 2200 W, 2400 W, 2600 W, which will not be listed here; the laser scanning rate is preferably 300-1200 mm / min, and specifically can be 300 mm / min, 450 mm / min, 600 mm / min, 800 mm / min, 1000 mm / min, 1200 mm / min, which will not be listed here; and the single-layer deposition thickness is preferably 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0040] In the present application, the total thickness of the Cr metal deposition layer is preferably 0.2-1 mm, more preferably 0.4-0.9 mm, and further preferably 0.5-0.7 mm. In an embodiment of the present application, it is 0.2 mm or 1 mm.

[0041] After forming the Cr metal deposition layer, the present application deposits a V metal powder on the surface of the Cr metal deposition layer to form a V metal deposition layer.

[0042] In the present application, the particle size of the V metal powder is preferably 53-150 μm. In the present application, the conditions for depositing the V metal powder include: the laser spot diameter is preferably 0.5-3 mm, and more preferably 1-2 mm; the laser power is preferably 350-2600 W, and specifically can be 500 W, 550 W, 800 W, 1000 W, 1500 W, 2000 W, 2200 W, 2400 W, 2600 W, which will not be listed here; the laser scanning rate is preferably 300-1200 mm / min, and specifically can be 300 mm / min, 450 mm / min, 600 mm / min, 800 mm / min, 1000 mm / min, 1200 mm / min, which will not be listed here; and the single-layer deposition thickness is preferably 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0043] In the present application, the total thickness of the V metal deposition layer is preferably 0.2-1 mm, more preferably 0.4-0.9 mm, and further preferably 0.5-0.7 mm. In an embodiment of the present application, it is 0.2 mm or 0.7 mm.

[0044] After forming the V metal deposition layer, the present application deposits a titanium alloy powder on the surface of the V metal deposition layer to form a titanium alloy deposition layer, thereby obtaining a titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic component.

[0045] In the present application, the particle size of the titanium alloy powder is preferably 53-150 μm. The present application does not have special requirements for the composition of the titanium alloy powder, and any titanium alloy powder known in the art can be used, such as TA15 or TC4.

[0046] In the present application, the conditions for the titanium alloy powder include: the laser spot diameter is preferably 0.5-3 mm, and more preferably 1-2 mm; the laser power is preferably 350-2600 W, and can be specifically 500 W, 550 W, 800 W, 1000 W, 1500 W, 2000 W, 2200 W, 2400 W, or 2600 W, which are not listed exhaustively; the laser scanning speed is preferably 300-1200 mm / min, and can be specifically 300 mm / min, 450 mm / min, 600 mm / min, 800 mm / min, 1000 mm / min, or 1200 mm / min, which are not listed exhaustively; and the single-layer deposition thickness is preferably 0.2-0.5 mm.

[0047] In the present application, the total thickness of the titanium alloy deposition layer is preferably 5-50 mm, more preferably 10-40 mm, and further preferably 20-30 mm. In an embodiment of the present application, it is 5 mm or 10 mm.

[0048] The present application uses a Cr / V bimetallic deposition layer as a connecting transition layer, and uses a conventional metal powder laser directional energy deposition device to prepare a titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic structural component with good interface bonding.

[0049] The method for manufacturing a titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic component provided by the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but they should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] Step 1: using a metal powder laser directional energy deposition device, setting the spot diameter to 2 mm, the laser power to 550 W, the laser scanning speed to 450 mm / min, and the substrate preheating temperature to 500℃, depositing GH4099 nickel-based superalloy powder on the surface of a stainless steel substrate to form a 5 mm thick GH4099 superalloy deposition layer;

[0052] Step two: set the spot diameter 2mm, laser power 550W, laser scanning speed 450mm / min, on the basis of the GH4099 nickel-based superalloy deposition layer obtained in step one, deposit a layer of pure Cr metal powder to form a 0.2mm thick pure Cr metal deposition layer;

[0053] Step three: set the spot diameter 2mm, laser power 550W, laser scanning speed 450mm / min, on the basis of the pure Cr metal deposition layer obtained in step two, deposit a layer of pure V metal powder to form a 0.2mm thick pure V metal deposition layer, taking the Cr / V bimetallic deposition layer as a connecting transition layer;

[0054] Step four: set the spot diameter 2mm, laser power 550W, laser scanning speed 450mm / min, on the basis of the Cr / V bimetallic deposition layer obtained in step three, deposit TA15 titanium alloy powder to form a 5mm thick TA15 titanium alloy deposition layer, and finally obtain a complete titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic structure.

[0055] The titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic sample prepared in this example is shown in Figure 1 Figure (a), the sample has good formability and no surface macroscopic cracks. The microstructure morphology of the internal interface bonding of the sample is shown in Figure 2 Figure (b), it can be seen from the figure that the internal interface bonding of the sample is good, and no cracks, holes and other defects are generated. The XRD characterization results of the internal interface bonding of the sample are shown in Figure 3 Figure (c), the XRD characterization results show that no intermetallic compound is generated at each interface.

[0056] Example 2

[0057] Step one: use a metal powder laser directional energy deposition device, set the spot diameter 2mm, laser power 550W, laser scanning speed 450mm / min, control the preheating temperature of the substrate to 500℃, deposit GH4099 nickel-based superalloy powder on the surface of the stainless steel substrate to form a 10mm thick GH4099 superalloy deposition layer;

[0058] Step two: set the spot diameter 2mm, laser power 450W, laser scanning speed 450mm / min, on the basis of the GH4099 nickel-based superalloy deposition layer obtained in step one, deposit a layer of pure Cr metal powder to form a 0.2mm thick pure Cr metal deposition layer;

[0059] Step three: set the spot diameter to 2mm, the laser power to 450W, and the laser scanning speed to 450mm / min. Deposit a layer of pure V metal powder on the basis of the pure Cr metal deposition layer obtained in step two to form a 0.2mm-thick pure V metal deposition layer, taking the Cr / V bimetallic deposition layer as a connecting transition layer.

[0060] Step four: set the spot diameter to 2mm, the laser power to 550W, and the laser scanning speed to 450mm / min. Deposit TA15 titanium alloy powder on the basis of the Cr / V bimetallic deposition layer obtained in step three to form a 10mm-thick TA15 titanium alloy deposition layer, and finally obtain a complete titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic structure.

[0061] The titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic sample prepared in this example is shown in (b) of FIG. 1, and the sample has good formability and no surface macroscopic cracks. Figure 1

[0062] Example 3

[0063] Step one: use a metal powder laser directional energy deposition device, set the spot diameter to 3mm, the laser power to 2000W, and the laser scanning speed to 1200mm / min, control the substrate preheating temperature to 500℃, and deposit GH4099 nickel-based superalloy powder on the surface of a stainless steel substrate to form a 5mm-thick GH4099 superalloy deposition layer.

[0064] Step two: set the spot diameter to 3mm, the laser power to 2000W, and the laser scanning speed to 1200mm / min. Deposit a layer of pure Cr metal powder on the basis of the GH4099 nickel-based superalloy deposition layer obtained in step one to form a 1mm-thick pure Cr metal deposition layer.

[0065] Step three: set the spot diameter to 3mm, the laser power to 2000W, and the laser scanning speed to 1200mm / min. Deposit a layer of pure V metal powder on the basis of the pure Cr metal deposition layer obtained in step two to form a 0.7mm-thick pure V metal deposition layer, taking the Cr / V bimetallic deposition layer as a connecting transition layer.

[0066] Step four: set the spot diameter to 3mm, the laser power to 2000W, and the laser scanning speed to 1200mm / min. Deposit TA15 titanium alloy powder on the basis of the Cr / V bimetallic deposition layer obtained in step three to form a 5mm-thick TA15 titanium alloy deposition layer, and finally obtain a complete titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic structure.

[0067] The titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic sample prepared in this example is shown in (c) of FIG. 1, and the sample has good formability and no surface macroscopic cracks. Figure 1 ​​

[0068] Comparative Example 1

[0069] Omitting Cr / V transition layer.

[0070] Step one: using a metal powder laser directional energy deposition device, setting the spot diameter to 2 mm, the laser power to 550 W, the laser scanning speed to 450 mm / min, and the substrate preheating temperature to 500℃, depositing GH4099 nickel-based superalloy powder on the surface of a stainless steel substrate to form a 5 mm thick GH4099 superalloy deposition layer;

[0071] Step two: setting the spot diameter to 2 mm, the laser power to 550 W, and the laser scanning speed to 450 mm / min, directly depositing TA15 titanium alloy powder on the basis of the GH4099 superalloy deposition layer obtained in step one to form a 5 mm thick TA15 titanium alloy deposition layer, and finally obtaining a complete titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy bimetallic structure.

[0072] The microstructure and XRD characterization results of the internal interface bonding of the titanium alloy / nickel-based superalloy directly bonded sample are shown in Figure 4 The microstructure shows that cracks are generated at the interface, and the XRD characterization results show that a large amount of intermetallic compounds exist at the interface.

[0073] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, several improvements and refinements can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a titanium alloy / nickel-based high-temperature alloy bimetallic component by laser directed energy deposition of metal powder, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: depositing nickel-based high-temperature alloy powder on a substrate to form a nickel-based high-temperature alloy deposition layer; Depositing Cr metal powder on the surface of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy deposition layer to form a Cr metal deposition layer; Depositing V metal powder on the surface of the Cr metal deposition layer to form a V metal deposition layer; Depositing titanium alloy powder on the surface of the V metal deposition layer to form a titanium alloy deposition layer, thereby obtaining a titanium alloy / nickel-based high-temperature alloy bimetallic component; The conditions for depositing Cr metal powder include: laser spot diameter of 0.5 to 3 mm, laser power of 350 to 2600 W, laser scanning rate of 300 to 1200 mm / min, and single layer deposition thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 mm; The conditions for depositing the V metal powder include: a laser spot diameter of 0.5 to 3 mm, a laser power of 350 to 2600 W, a laser scanning rate of 300 to 1200 mm / min, and a single layer deposition thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 mm.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The total thickness of the Cr metal deposition layer is 0.2-1 mm.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The total thickness of the V metal deposition layer is 0.2-1 mm.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The conditions for depositing the nickel-based high-temperature alloy powder include: substrate temperature of 200-1000° C., laser spot diameter of 0.5-3 mm, laser power of 350-2600 W, laser scanning rate of 300-1200 mm / min, and single-layer deposition thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that The total thickness of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy deposition layer is 5 to 50 mm.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The conditions for depositing the titanium alloy powder include: a laser spot diameter of 0.5 to 3 mm, a laser power of 350 to 2600 W, a laser scanning rate of 300 to 1200 mm / min, and a single-layer deposition thickness of 0.2 to 0.5 mm.

7. The method according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that The total thickness of the titanium alloy deposited layer is 5 to 50 mm.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The particle sizes of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy powder, Cr metal powder, V metal powder and titanium alloy powder are independently 53 to 150 μm.

Images