A hydrogen energy system and energy management method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of green hydrogen energy storage and power generation technology, and provides a hydrogen energy system and energy management method. The hydrogen energy system includes a green energy supply system, a hydrogen production system, a hydrogen storage system, a hydrogen refueling system, an energy management system, and an external power grid. By designing the coordination between the energy management system and the green energy supply system, green energy is used for hydrogen production or directly supplied to the external power grid. Simultaneously, the energy management system monitors and allocates the overall energy flow of the green hydrogen energy system. The energy management system enables a more rational allocation of the green energy produced by the green energy supply system, converting the power supply mode. When the output power of the green energy supply system exceeds the preset power, the excess is controlled to be used for hydrogen production and storage in the hydrogen storage system and / or fed to the external power grid, maintaining the overall operational stability and economy of the green hydrogen energy system, improving the overall energy efficiency of the green hydrogen energy system, reducing energy conversion costs, and reducing operating costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of green hydrogen energy storage and power generation, and specifically to a hydrogen energy system and an energy management method. Background Art

[0002] The way of generating electricity using wind energy, sunlight, and hydropower as energy is called new energy. The importance of new energy to the environment has gradually been recognized in recent years. It is generally believed that green energy is equivalent to clean energy, that is, energy with zero or low emissions of environmental pollutants and greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide during development and utilization, such as hydropower, wind energy, solar energy, biomass energy, geothermal energy, and ocean energy that can be recycled and reused repeatedly in nature, and secondary energy such as electricity, heat, and hydrogen energy converted from them. Hydrogen energy in new energy is gradually being valued because of its high energy density and the most environmentally friendly. The hydrogen energy obtained from new energy is called green hydrogen, and only green hydrogen is a truly environmentally friendly clean energy.

[0003] However, renewable energy power generation has the disadvantage of unstable energy due to the intensity of wind, sunlight, river and tidal energy. This disadvantage leads to unstable use of renewable energy, low utilization rate and high utilization cost. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the use of new energy in the prior art is unstable, the utilization rate is low and the utilization cost is high, and a hydrogen energy system and an energy management method are provided.

[0005] The present invention aims to design a hydrogen energy system, which includes a green energy supply system, a hydrogen production system, a hydrogen storage system, a hydrogenation system, an energy management system and an external power grid; wherein:

[0006] A hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen;

[0007] A hydrogen storage system, used to store the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production system;

[0008] A hydrogenation system, used for providing the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage system to the outside;

[0009] A green energy supply system, wherein the green energy supply system is configured to provide green energy to the hydrogen energy system, and the hydrogen production system, the hydrogen storage system, and the external power grid are all electrically connected to the green energy supply system;

[0010] An energy management system comprises a power supply and feeding device and a control device, wherein the power supply and feeding device is connected to the green energy supply system and the external power grid respectively, and the control device is used to monitor and control the energy flow of the hydrogen energy system. When the green energy supply system loses power or the output power is less than a preset power, the power supply and feeding device is controlled to switch the power supply from the green energy supply system to the external power grid to supply power to the hydrogen energy system; when the output power of the green energy supply system exceeds the preset power, the power supply and feeding device is controlled to provide the power exceeding the preset power to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system and / or the power supply and feeding device feeds the power exceeding the preset power to the external power grid.

[0011] In some embodiments, the green energy supply system includes a green energy unit, and the green energy supply system includes one or at least two green energy units, and the green energy unit is a wind power generator set, a hydroelectric generator set, a solar power generator set, a biomass generator set, a geothermal power generator set or an ocean power generator set;

[0012] When the green energy supply system includes at least two green energy units, the at least two green energy units have an energy coupling relationship.

[0013] In some embodiments, a method for energy management of a hydrogen energy system is provided, the method comprising:

[0014] Monitor the output power of the green energy supply system;

[0015] Controlling the energy flow of the entire hydrogen energy system according to the output power of the green energy supply system;

[0016] The controlling of the energy flow of the entire hydrogen energy system according to the output power of the green energy supply system comprises:

[0017] When the green energy supply system loses power or the output power is less than the preset power, the power supply and feeding device is controlled to switch the power supply of the hydrogen energy system from the green energy supply system to the external power grid supplying power to the hydrogen energy system;

[0018] When the output power of the green energy supply system exceeds the preset power, the power supply and feeding device is controlled to provide the power exceeding the preset power to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system and / or the power supply and feeding device feeds the power exceeding the preset power to the external power grid.

[0019] In some embodiments, controlling the power supply and feeding device to feed the power exceeding the preset power to the external power grid comprises:

[0020] Obtaining the power demand of the external power grid;

[0021] If the power demand of the external power grid is at a peak demand period, the power exceeding the preset power will be preferentially fed to the external power grid to meet the peak load demand;

[0022] If the power demand of the external power grid is in a low demand period, the power exceeding the preset power will be preferentially provided to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system.

[0023] In some embodiments, the step of preferentially providing the power exceeding the preset power to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system comprises:

[0024] Obtaining the maximum hydrogen storage capacity threshold Vmax, the current hydrogen storage capacity V, the actual estimated hydrogen consumption Ma within a set time t, and the historical reference hydrogen consumption Mb of the hydrogen storage system;

[0025] According to the part exceeding the preset power, the maximum hydrogen production flow rate G for hydrogen production is estimated;

[0026] Determine whether the relationship between Ma, Mb, Vmax and G of the hydrogen energy system satisfies the following formula:

[0027] Formula: G = ≤(Vmax-V-Ms);

[0028] n is the number of time periods into which the set duration is divided according to the set time intervals;

[0029] i is the time period number into which the set time duration is divided according to the set time interval;

[0030] ti is the duration of the i-th time period;

[0031] Gi is the maximum hydrogen production flow rate in the i-th time period;

[0032] Ki is the environmental coefficient of the i-th time period, Ki=K1i, K1i is the external environment temperature coefficient; K1i=0.7~1.3, the higher the temperature of the i-th time period, the greater the coefficient;

[0033] Represents the product relationship between ti, Gi and Ki;

[0034] Ms=Max(Ma, Mb), Max function means taking the maximum value of Ma and Mb;

[0035] Ma= ,Mb= ;

[0036] If G satisfies the above formula, the power exceeding the preset value is preferentially provided to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system;

[0037] If G does not satisfy the above formula, it is deemed that the output power of the green energy supply system exceeds the preset power and exceeds the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage system, and the supply to the hydrogen production system is reduced so that G satisfies the above formula.

[0038] In some embodiments, during the process of preferentially providing the portion of power exceeding the preset power to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system, the hydrogen production of the hydrogen production system and the output power of the green energy supply system are monitored, and the working state of the hydrogen production system is adjusted according to the actual output power of the energy supply system to keep the hydrogen production of the hydrogen production system and the output power of the energy supply system in balance. If the actual output power of the energy supply system is greater than the hydrogen production capacity of the hydrogen production system, part of the output power is directly used to store the excess electrical energy of the energy supply system in the hydrogen storage system.

[0039] In some embodiments, the method further comprises:

[0040] Obtain the output power Pi of the green energy supply system, the electric power Wi required by the external power grid, and the electric power Qi required by the hydrogen energy system in real time, and calculate the set duration P= ; Q = ; W = ,in:

[0041] n is the number of time periods into which the set duration is divided according to the set time intervals;

[0042] i is the time period number into which the set time duration is divided according to the set time interval;

[0043] ti is the duration of the i-th time period;

[0044] P is the total output power of the green energy supply system, and Pi is the output power of the green energy supply system in the i-th time period;

[0045] W is the electric power required by the external power grid for a set duration, and Wi is the electric power required by the external power grid in the i-th time period;

[0046] Q is the electric power required internally by the hydrogen energy system for a set duration, Qi is the electric power required internally by the hydrogen energy system for the i-th time period; Q is the electric power required internally by the hydrogen energy system for a set duration;

[0047] When P≥Q+W, the total output power P of the green energy supply system is reduced.

[0048] In some embodiments, reducing the total output power P of the green energy supply system includes:

[0049] Acquire the power generation efficiency of each of the green energy units of the green energy supply system and sort the power generation efficiency of all the green energy units in order from low to high power generation efficiency;

[0050] Determining the minimum rated output power of each of the green energy units;

[0051] According to the ranking, starting from the green energy unit with the lowest power generation efficiency, the output power of the green energy units is reduced in sequence to the corresponding minimum rated output power until P and Q+W are generally balanced.

[0052] In some embodiments, reducing the total output power P of the green energy supply system includes:

[0053] Determining that the power generation of the green energy supply system needs to be reduced, and calculating the power generation efficiency of each of the green energy units;

[0054] Reduce the power generation of the green energy units with low power generation efficiency, increase the power generation of some or all of the green energy units with high power generation efficiency, so that P and Q+W tend to be balanced as a whole.

[0055] In some embodiments, the data are first time-aligned when calculating the actual estimated hydrogen usage Ma, the historical reference hydrogen usage Mb, the output power and Pi of the green energy supply system, the electric power Wi required by the external power grid, and the electric power Qi required internally by the hydrogen energy system.

[0056] In some embodiments, the green energy unit includes a wind power generator set and a solar power generator set; the solar power generator set is also used to produce hot gas and hot water, and the hot gas and hot water required by the hydrogen energy system are at least partially derived from the hot gas and hot water produced by the solar power generator set;

[0057] If the output power of the green energy supply system exceeds the preset power and partially exceeds the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage system, the power generation of the solar power generator set is reduced, the hot air and hot water production of the solar power generator set is increased, and the power supply from the wind power generator set to the solar power generator set is increased.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0059] By designing the coordination between the energy management system and the green energy supply system, the green energy supply system provides green energy to the green hydrogen energy system. The green energy is used to produce hydrogen or directly supplied to the external power grid. At the same time, the energy management system monitors and allocates the overall energy flow of the green hydrogen energy system. The energy management system enables the green energy produced by the green energy supply system to be more reasonably distributed. When the green energy supply system loses power or the output power is less than the preset power, the control device controls the power supply device to switch the power supply from the green energy supply system to the external power grid to the green hydrogen energy system. The conversion of the output power supply can not only maintain the stable and standard power supply of the green hydrogen energy system without affecting the operation of the hydrogen production system, but also can The green energy units in the green energy supply system are maintained in stable operation, and the operating status will not be adjusted due to fluctuations in power supply demand, so that the green hydrogen energy system as a whole maintains stable operation; further, when the output power of the green energy supply system exceeds the preset power, the control device controls the power supply and feeding device to provide the power exceeding the preset power to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system and / or the power supply and feeding device feeds the power exceeding the preset power to the external power grid, so as to ensure that the green energy generated by the green energy supply system itself is fully utilized, further maintain the overall operational stability and economy of the green hydrogen energy system, improve the overall energy efficiency utilization rate of the green hydrogen energy system, reduce energy conversion costs, and reduce operating costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0060] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0061] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with the technology. They are not used to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented, and therefore have no substantial technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment of size shall still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present invention.

[0062] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a green hydrogen energy system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 2 This is one of the flow charts of the energy management method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 3 This is the second flow chart of the energy management method according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The following is a description of the implementation of the present invention by specific embodiments. People familiar with the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0066] The terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present invention and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings, and "multiple" generally includes at least two, but does not exclude the inclusion of at least one.

[0067] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0068] It should also be noted that the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a product or system including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such a product or system. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the product or system including the elements.

[0069] Traditional energy storage methods currently have defects, such as high cost and huge investment of batteries, low power density of thermal or pressure energy storage, and low thermoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0070] Based on this, the following embodiments are proposed.

[0071] Embodiment 1

[0072] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a green hydrogen energy system, which includes a green energy supply system, a hydrogen production system, a hydrogen storage system, a hydrogen refueling system, an energy management system and an external power grid; wherein:

[0073] A hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen;

[0074] A hydrogen storage system, used to store hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production system;

[0075] The hydrogen refueling system is used to provide the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage system to the outside world;

[0076] A green energy supply system, wherein the green energy supply system is configured to provide green energy to the green hydrogen energy system, and the hydrogen production system, the hydrogen storage system, the power supply and feeding device and the external power grid are all electrically connected to the green energy supply system;

[0077] An energy management system includes a power supply and feeding device and a control device. The power supply and feeding device are connected to the green energy supply system and the external power grid respectively. The control device is used to monitor and control the energy flow of the green hydrogen energy system. When the green energy supply system loses power or the output power is less than a preset power, the power supply and feeding device is controlled to switch the power supply from the green energy supply system to the external power grid to supply power to the green hydrogen energy system; when the output power of the green energy supply system exceeds the preset power, the power supply and feeding device is controlled to provide the power exceeding the preset power to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system and / or the power supply and feeding device feeds the power exceeding the preset power to the external power grid.

[0078] In this embodiment, the energy management system and the green energy supply system are designed to cooperate so that the green energy supply system provides green energy to the green hydrogen energy system. The green energy is used to produce hydrogen or is directly supplied to the external power grid. At the same time, the energy management system monitors and allocates the overall energy flow of the green hydrogen energy system. The energy management system enables the green energy produced by the green energy supply system to be more reasonably distributed. That is, when the green energy supply system loses power or the output power is less than the preset power, the green energy generated by the green energy supply system itself is insufficient to maintain a stable output of a certain standard amount. In this state, the control device controls the power supply and feeding device to switch the power supply from the green energy supply system to the external power grid to the green hydrogen energy system. The conversion of the output power supply can not only maintain a stable and standard power supply for the green hydrogen energy system without affecting the operation of the hydrogen production system, but also can maintain The green energy units in the green energy supply system are kept in stable operation, and the operating state will not be adjusted due to fluctuations in power supply demand, so that the green hydrogen energy system as a whole can maintain stable operation; further, when the output power of the green energy supply system exceeds the preset power, the green energy generated by the green energy supply system itself is relatively large, and while maintaining a stable, standard output, there is surplus energy. In this state, the control device controls the power supply and feeding device to provide the part exceeding the preset power to the hydrogen production system for the preparation of hydrogen and storage in the hydrogen storage system and / or the power supply and feeding device feeds the part exceeding the preset power to the external power grid, so as to ensure that the green energy generated by the green energy supply system itself is fully utilized, further maintain the overall operation stability and economy of the green hydrogen energy system, improve the overall energy efficiency utilization rate of the green hydrogen energy system, reduce energy conversion costs, and reduce operating costs. By designing the coordination between the energy management system and the green energy supply system to take into account the safety and reliability of the operation of the hydrogen production system and the hydrogen storage system, the stable operation of the green hydrogen energy system can be ensured.

[0079] The hydrogen production system is a water electrolysis hydrogen production system. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system is illustrated by way of example. The water electrolysis hydrogen production system comprises a water storage tank and an electrolyzer connected to the water storage tank, a hydrogen-water separation system connected to the electrolyzer, an oxygen-water separator connected to the electrolyzer, and a hydrogen purification system connected to the oxygen-water separation system. The water storage tank is connected to a main pipeline, the main pipeline is connected to at least a branch pipeline, the branch pipeline is also connected to the electrolyzer, thermal resistors are sequentially arranged on the main pipeline along the flow direction of water, an electrolyzer circulating water pump is arranged on the branch pipeline, the electrolyzer is connected to the hydrogen-water separation system through a hydrogen pipeline, the electrolyzer is connected to the oxygen-water separator through an oxygen pipeline, a hydrogen outlet temperature transmitter is arranged on the hydrogen pipeline, a water outlet manual door is also arranged on the main pipeline, and an electrolyzer circulating water inlet manual door, an electrolyzer circulating water pump outlet check valve, and an electrolyzer circulating water pump outlet manual door are also arranged on the branch pipeline. The oxygen pipeline is also provided with an oxygen outlet manual door, the hydrogen pipeline is also provided with a hydrogen outlet manual door and a hydrogen outlet check valve, the main pipeline of the hydrogen production system is also provided with a first filter, the branch pipeline is provided with a second filter, the first filter is a T-type filter, the second filter is a Y-type filter, the branch pipeline is also provided with a water flow meter, the oxygen-water separator is also connected to a nitrogen bottle through a nitrogen pipe, and high-humidity hydrogen and high-humidity oxygen are obtained after electrolysis in the electrolyzer; the working principle of the electrolytic water hydrogen production system is as follows: open each manual door, turn on the electrolyzer circulating water pump, so that the water in the water storage tank enters the electrolyzer through the main pipeline and the branch pipeline for electrolysis, and high-humidity hydrogen and high-humidity oxygen are obtained, and enter the hydrogen-water separation system and the oxygen-water separation system through the hydrogen pipeline and the oxygen pipeline respectively, and the high-humidity hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage system after purification, and the hydrogen storage system can be a low-pressure buffer tank.

[0080] Optionally, in an implementation of this embodiment,

[0081] The green energy supply system includes one or at least two green energy units, which are wind power generators, hydroelectric generators, solar power generators, biomass generators, geothermal generators or ocean power generators;

[0082] When the green energy supply system includes at least two green energy units, the at least two green energy units have an energy coupling relationship.

[0083] In this embodiment, the green energy unit is a wind power generator set and a solar power generator set as examples for explanation. The wind power generator set converts wind energy into electrical energy. The wind power generator set converts the kinetic energy of wind into mechanical energy, and then converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy through the generator. When the wind blows through the wind wheel of the wind turbine generator set, the kinetic energy of the wind is converted into kinetic energy on the wind wheel, and is transmitted to the rotor inside the generator through the main shaft. When the rotor rotates, it drives the rotor of the generator to generate electrical energy. When the external environment wind force is small, the output power of the wind power generator set is very small, and the solar power generator set works to compensate for the insufficient output power of the wind power generator set. Similarly, when the sunlight radiation is insufficient, the power generation of the solar power generator set is small, and the wind power generator set compensates for the insufficient output power of the solar power generator set, further improving the operation stability of the green energy supply system.

[0084] Embodiment 2

[0085] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown, this embodiment provides an energy management method for a green hydrogen energy system, the method comprising:

[0086] Monitor the output power of the green energy supply system;

[0087] Control the energy flow of the entire green hydrogen energy system according to the output power of the green energy supply system;

[0088] Controlling the energy flow of the entire green hydrogen energy system based on the output power of the green energy supply system includes:

[0089] When the green energy supply system loses power or the output power is less than the preset power, the power supply device is controlled to switch the power supply of the green hydrogen energy system from the green energy supply system to the external power grid;

[0090] When the output power of the green energy supply system exceeds the preset power, the power supply and feeding device is controlled to provide the power exceeding the preset power to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system and / or the power supply and feeding device feeds the power exceeding the preset power to the external power grid.

[0091] In this embodiment, the energy management method controls the energy flow of the entire green hydrogen energy system according to the output power of the green energy supply system, so that the green energy produced by the green energy supply system is more reasonably distributed. That is, when the green energy supply system loses power or the output power is less than the preset power, the green energy generated by the green energy supply system itself is insufficient, and it is difficult to maintain a stable, standard output. In this state, the control device controls the power supply device to switch the power supply from the green energy supply system to the external power grid to the green hydrogen energy system. The conversion of the output power supply can not only maintain the stable and standard power supply of the green hydrogen energy system without affecting the operation of the hydrogen production system, but also maintain the stable operation of the green energy units in the green energy supply system without affecting the fluctuation of power supply demand. Adjust the operating status so that the green hydrogen energy system as a whole maintains stable operation; further, when the output power of the green energy supply system exceeds the preset power, the green energy supply system itself generates more green energy at this time, and has surplus energy while maintaining a stable, standard output. In this state, the control device controls the power supply and feeding device to provide the power exceeding the preset power to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system and / or the power supply and feeding device feeds the power exceeding the preset power to the external power grid, so as to ensure that the green energy generated by the green energy supply system itself is fully utilized, further maintain the overall operating stability and economy of the green hydrogen energy system, improve the overall energy efficiency utilization rate of the green hydrogen energy system, reduce energy conversion costs, and reduce operating costs.

[0092] Optionally, in an implementation of this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown,

[0093] When the output power of the green energy supply system exceeds the preset power, controlling the power supply and feeding device to provide the power exceeding the preset power to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system and / or the power supply and feeding device to feed the power exceeding the preset power to the external power grid includes:

[0094] Obtain the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage system and the power demand of the external power grid;

[0095] If the power demand of the external power grid is at peak demand period, the power exceeding the preset power will be fed to the external power grid to meet the peak demand;

[0096] If the electricity demand of the external power grid is at a low demand period, the power exceeding the preset power will be preferentially provided to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system.

[0097] In this embodiment, the peak demand segment usually occurs during the period of the day when the electricity demand is the highest. These periods are often closely related to people's daily lives and work habits. For example, in most areas, mornings and evenings are peak periods for electricity demand. In addition, in some areas, the electricity demand may also reach a peak in the afternoons in summer and the evenings in winter due to the influence of temperature. The trough demand segment refers to the period when the electricity demand is relatively low, which usually occurs in the late night, early morning, and during the day when people work or study. In the late night and early morning, since most people are resting, the electricity demand will naturally decrease. During the day, although commercial and industrial electricity consumption may maintain a certain level, the overall electricity demand is still relatively low compared to peak hours. By further controlling the electricity demand of the hydrogen storage system and the external power grid, the energy flow of the entire green hydrogen energy system can be more reasonably distributed. If the electricity demand of the external power grid is at a peak period, considering that the electricity demand of the external power grid is large, the power exceeding the preset power will be preferentially fed to the external power grid to meet the peak load demand; if the electricity demand of the external power grid is at a low period, considering that the electricity demand of the external power grid is small, the power exceeding the preset power will be preferentially provided to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system.

[0098] Optionally, in an implementation of this embodiment,

[0099] The hydrogenation system is provided with a hydrogen consumption analysis module, which is provided with an actual hydrogen consumption demand calculation module and a historical hydrogen consumption evaluation module; wherein the real-time calculation module of the actual hydrogen consumption demand module calculates the actual estimated hydrogen consumption Ma within the set time t according to the hydrogen consumption demand instruction received in real time, and the historical hydrogen consumption evaluation module evaluates the historical reference hydrogen consumption Mb within the set time t according to the historical hydrogen consumption data;

[0100] Priority is given to providing the part exceeding the preset power to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system, including:

[0101] Obtaining the maximum hydrogen storage capacity threshold Vmax, the current hydrogen storage capacity V, the actual estimated hydrogen consumption Ma within a set time t, and the historical reference hydrogen consumption Mb of the hydrogen storage system;

[0102] According to the part exceeding the preset power, the maximum hydrogen production flow rate G for hydrogen production is estimated;

[0103] Determine whether the relationship between Ma, Mb, Vmax and G of the hydrogen energy system satisfies the following formula:

[0104] Formula: G = ≤(Vmax-V-Ms);

[0105] K is the environmental factor;

[0106] n is the number of time periods into which the set duration is divided at set time intervals. Specifically, n can be valued according to local climate characteristics and lighting characteristics.

[0107] i is the serial number of the time period into which the set duration is divided at set time intervals;

[0108] ti is the duration of the i-th time period;

[0109] Gi is the maximum hydrogen production flow rate in the i-th time period;

[0110] Ki is the environmental coefficient in the i-th time period, Ki = K1i, where K1i is the external environmental temperature coefficient; K1i = 0.7 - 1.3, and the higher the temperature in the i-th time period, the larger the coefficient;

[0111] represents the product relationship among ti, Gi, and Ki;

[0112] Ms = Max(Ma, Mb), where the Max function represents taking the maximum value of Ma and Mb;

[0113] Ma = , Mb = ;

[0114] If G satisfies the above formula, the part exceeding the preset power is preferentially provided to the hydrogen production system for hydrogen production and stored in the hydrogen storage system;

[0115] If G does not satisfy the above formula, it is considered that the part of the output power of the green energy supply system exceeding the preset power exceeds the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage system, and the supply to the hydrogen production system is reduced to make G satisfy the above formula.

[0116] Considering that the hydrogen storage capacity is also affected by light, as an optional embodiment, Ki is valued according to the external environmental temperature coefficient K1i. Specifically, Ki can be valued according to a preset correspondence table, function relationship, or curve between the external environmental temperature and K1i. As an example, for instance, when the external environmental temperature is greater than or equal to 40°C, 1.2 ≤ K1i ≤ 1.3; when the external environmental temperature is less than 40°C and greater than or equal to 35°C, 1.05 ≤ K1i < 1.2; when the external environmental temperature is less than or equal to 35°C and greater than 30°C, 1.0 < K1i ≤ 1.05; when the external environmental temperature is less than 30°C, K = 1.0.

[0117] Further, to make the estimation of the maximum hydrogen production flow rate G more accurate, in another optional embodiment, Ki is further corrected using the light intensity coefficient K2i, that is, Ki = K1i * K2i.

[0118] For example, K2i is the light intensity coefficient. For example, between 11:00 and 15:00 during the day, the light intensity is strong (1.1≤K2i≤1.3), and the light intensity is weak (0.9≤K2i<1.1) at other times.

[0119] Optionally, in an implementation of this embodiment,

[0120] While giving priority to providing the power that exceeds the preset power to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system, the hydrogen production of the hydrogen production system and the output power of the green energy supply system are monitored, and the working state of the hydrogen production system is adjusted according to the actual output power of the energy supply system to keep the hydrogen production of the hydrogen production system and the output power of the energy supply system in balance. If the actual output power of the energy supply system is greater than the hydrogen production capacity of the hydrogen production system, part of the output power will be directly used to store the excess electrical energy of the energy supply system in the hydrogen storage system.

[0121] Optionally, in an implementation of this embodiment,

[0122] The method also includes:

[0123] Obtain the output power Pi of the green energy supply system, the power Wi required by the external power grid, and the power Qi required by the hydrogen energy system in real time, and calculate P= ; Q = ; W = , n is the number of time periods into which the set duration is divided according to the set time interval; i is the sequence number of the time periods into which the set duration is divided according to the set time interval; ti is the duration of the i-th time period;

[0124] P is the total output power of the green energy supply system, Pi is the output power of the green energy supply system in the i-th time period; W is the electric power required by the external power grid for a set duration, Wi is the electric power required by the external power grid in the i-th time period; Q is the electric power required internally by the hydrogen energy system for a set duration, Qi is the electric power required internally by the hydrogen energy system in the i-th time period; Q is the electric power required internally by the hydrogen energy system for a set duration; when P≥Q+W, reduce the total output power P of the green energy supply system.

[0125] In this embodiment, over a period of time, when the output power of the green energy supply system is greater than or equal to the sum of the electric power demand of the external power grid and the internal electric power demand of the green hydrogen energy system, the total output power of the green energy supply system is large, resulting in a waste of electric energy. By reducing the total output power of the green energy supply system, the overall operating cost of the green hydrogen energy system can be further reduced.

[0126] The above-mentioned calculation method proposed in this application is not used in any existing technology. We have refined the hydrogen production, storage and output power of the green energy supply system in a time grid manner and taken into account the possible mismatch between the actual usage and estimated amount of hydrogen storage capacity and the possible environmental impact on the actual hydrogen storage capacity. This makes our control and energy management of hydrogen production, storage and output power of the green energy supply system more scientific and accurate, and the overall system energy efficiency is higher.

[0127] Optionally, in an implementation of this embodiment,

[0128] Reducing the total output power P of the green energy supply system includes:

[0129] Obtaining the power generation efficiency of each green energy unit of the green energy supply system and sorting the power generation efficiency of all green energy units in order from low to high power generation efficiency;

[0130] Determine the minimum rated output power of each green energy unit;

[0131] Starting from the green energy unit with the lowest power generation efficiency, the output power of the green energy units is reduced in sequence to the corresponding minimum rated output power until P and Q+W are balanced as a whole.

[0132] In this embodiment, when the total output power of the green energy supply system is large, the output power of the green energy units with low power generation efficiency is reduced first, and the output power of the green energy units is kept down to their preset minimum rated output power to avoid repeated shutdown damage to the units due to stopping operation. The output power of the green energy units is reduced in order of power generation efficiency from small to large to avoid the waste of electricity caused by the large total output power of the green energy supply system. At the same time, inefficient power generation is reduced, so that the green energy supply system as a whole maintains efficient operation, thereby further reducing the overall operating cost of the green hydrogen energy system.

[0133] Optionally, in an implementation of this embodiment,

[0134] Reducing the total output power P of the green energy supply system includes:

[0135] Determine the need to reduce the power generation of the green energy supply system and calculate the power generation efficiency of each green energy unit;

[0136] Reduce the power generation of green energy units with low power generation efficiency, increase the power generation of some or all green energy units with high power generation efficiency, so that P and Q+W tend to be balanced overall.

[0137] In this embodiment, the power generation of the generator sets with low power generation efficiency is reduced, and the power generation of some or all of the generator sets with high power generation efficiency is increased, thereby further improving the working efficiency of the green energy supply system.

[0138] Optionally, in an implementation of this embodiment,

[0139] When calculating the actual estimated hydrogen consumption Ma, the historical reference hydrogen consumption Mb, the output power and Pi of the green energy supply system, the electric power Wi required by the external power grid, and the electric power Qi required by the hydrogen energy system, the data are first time-aligned.

[0140] In this embodiment, the data are time-aligned to ensure that the sequence data acquired at different times are uniformly aligned in time, so as to facilitate the consistency and comparability of different time series data in the same time dimension, making the data calculated by the green hydrogen energy system more accurate.

[0141] Optionally, in an implementation of this embodiment,

[0142] Green energy units include wind power generators and solar power generators; solar power generators are also used to produce hot air and hot water, and the hot air and hot water required by the hydrogen energy system are at least partially derived from the hot air and hot water produced by the solar power generators;

[0143] If the output power of the green energy supply system exceeds the preset power and partially exceeds the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage system, the power generation of the solar power generator set is reduced, the hot air and hot water production of the solar power generator set is increased, and the power supply from the wind power generator set to the solar power generator set is increased.

[0144] In this embodiment, when the output power of the green energy supply system exceeds the preset power and partly exceeds the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage system, the current green energy supply system exceeds the preset power by a large margin. In this case, the current output power of the solar power generation unit is reduced by reducing the power generation of the solar power generation unit. While reducing the power generation of the solar power generation unit, the production of hot air and hot water by the solar power generation unit is increased, thereby producing a variety of directly usable energy supplies, thereby further increasing the utilization rate of the overall energy conversion of the hydrogen energy system.

[0145] In summary, the ingenious conception of hydrogen energy system and energy management method lies in:

[0146] First, by designing the coordination between the energy management system and the green energy supply system, the green energy supply system provides green energy to the green hydrogen energy system. The green energy is used to produce hydrogen or directly supplied to the external power grid. At the same time, the energy management system monitors and allocates the overall energy flow of the green hydrogen energy system. The energy management system enables the green energy produced by the green energy supply system to be more reasonably distributed. When the green energy supply system loses power or the output power is less than the preset power, the control device controls the power supply device to switch the power supply from the green energy supply system to the external power grid to the green hydrogen energy system. The conversion of the output power supply can not only maintain the stable and standard power supply of the green hydrogen energy system without affecting the operation of the hydrogen production system, but also can It is able to maintain the stable operation of the green energy units in the green energy supply system, and will not adjust the operating status due to fluctuations in power supply demand, so that the green hydrogen energy system as a whole maintains stable operation; further, when the output power of the green energy supply system exceeds the preset power, the control device controls the power supply and feeding device to provide the power exceeding the preset power to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system and / or the power supply and feeding device feeds the power exceeding the preset power to the external power grid, so as to ensure that the green energy generated by the green energy supply system itself is fully utilized, further maintain the overall operational stability and economy of the green hydrogen energy system, improve the overall energy efficiency utilization rate of the green hydrogen energy system, reduce energy conversion costs, and reduce operating costs.

[0147] Second, by designing the calculation method in the hydrogen energy system and adopting this hydrogen control method, the hydrogen production, storage and output power of the green energy supply system are refined in a time grid manner and the possible mismatch between the actual usage and estimated amount of hydrogen storage capacity and the possible environmental impact on the actual hydrogen storage capacity are taken into account. This makes our control and energy management of hydrogen production, storage and output power of the green energy supply system more scientific and accurate, and the overall system energy efficiency is higher.

[0148] The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are specifically shown and described above. It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the detailed structures, configurations or implementations described herein; on the contrary, the present disclosure is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent configurations included in the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A hydrogen energy system, characterized in that: The hydrogen energy system includes a green energy supply system, a hydrogen production system, a hydrogen storage system, a hydrogenation system, an energy management system and an external power grid; wherein: A hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen; A hydrogen storage system, used to store the hydrogen produced by the hydrogen production system; A hydrogenation system, used for providing the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage system to the outside; A green energy supply system, wherein the green energy supply system is configured to provide green energy to the hydrogen energy system, and the hydrogen production system, the hydrogen storage system, and the external power grid are all electrically connected to the green energy supply system; An energy management system, comprising a power supply and feeding device and a control device, wherein the power supply and feeding device is connected to the green energy supply system and the external power grid respectively, and the control device is used to monitor and control the energy flow of the hydrogen energy system; When the green energy supply system loses power or the output power is less than the preset power, the power supply and feeding device is controlled to switch the power supply from the green energy supply system to the external power grid to supply power to the hydrogen energy system; when the output power of the green energy supply system exceeds the preset power, the power supply and feeding device is controlled to provide the power exceeding the preset power to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system, and the power supply and feeding device feeds the power exceeding the preset power to the external power grid; Controlling the power supply and feeding device to feed the power exceeding the preset power to the external power grid includes: Obtaining the power demand of the external power grid; If the power demand of the external power grid is at a low demand period, the power exceeding the preset power is preferentially provided to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system; The method of preferentially providing the power exceeding the preset power to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system comprises: Obtaining the maximum hydrogen storage capacity threshold Vmax, the current hydrogen storage capacity V, the actual estimated hydrogen consumption Ma within a set time t, and the historical reference hydrogen consumption Mb of the hydrogen storage system; According to the part exceeding the preset power, the maximum hydrogen production flow rate G for hydrogen production is estimated; Determine whether the relationship between Ma, Mb, Vmax and G of the hydrogen energy system satisfies the following formula: Formula: G = ≤(Vmax-V-Ms); n is the number of time periods into which the set duration is divided according to the set time intervals; i is the time period number into which the set time duration is divided according to the set time interval; ti is the duration of the i-th time period; Gi is the maximum hydrogen production flow rate in the i-th time period; Ki is the environmental coefficient of the i-th time period, Ki=K1i*K2i, K1i is the external environment temperature coefficient, K1i=0.7~1.3, the higher the temperature of the i-th time period, the greater the coefficient; K2i is the light intensity coefficient; Represents the product relationship between ti, Gi and Ki; Ms=Max(Ma, Mb), Max function means taking the maximum value of Ma and Mb; But= ,Mb= ; If G satisfies the above formula, the power exceeding the preset value is preferentially provided to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system; If G does not satisfy the above formula, it is deemed that the output power of the green energy supply system exceeds the preset power and exceeds the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage system, and the supply to the hydrogen production system is reduced so that G satisfies the above formula.

2. A hydrogen energy system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The green energy supply system includes one or at least two green energy units, wherein the green energy units are wind power generators, hydropower generators, solar power generators, biomass generators, geothermal power generators or ocean power generators; When the green energy supply system includes at least two green energy units, the at least two green energy units have an energy coupling relationship.

3. An energy management method for the hydrogen energy system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method comprises: Monitoring the output power of the green energy supply system; Controlling the energy flow of the entire hydrogen energy system according to the output power of the green energy supply system; The controlling of the energy flow of the entire hydrogen energy system according to the output power of the green energy supply system comprises: When the green energy supply system loses power or the output power is less than the preset power, the power supply and feeding device is controlled to switch the power supply of the hydrogen energy system from the green energy supply system to the external power grid supplying power to the hydrogen energy system; When the output power of the green energy supply system exceeds the preset power, the power supply and feeding device is controlled to provide the power exceeding the preset power to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system and / or the power supply and feeding device feeds the power exceeding the preset power to the external power grid.

4. The energy management method according to claim 3, characterized in that: When obtaining the power demand of the external power grid, If the power demand of the external power grid is at a peak demand period, the power exceeding the preset power will be preferentially fed to the external power grid to meet the peak load demand.

5. The energy management method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the process of preferentially providing the power exceeding the preset power to the hydrogen production system for preparing hydrogen and storing it in the hydrogen storage system, the hydrogen production of the hydrogen production system and the output power of the green energy supply system are monitored, and the working state of the hydrogen production system is adjusted according to the actual output power of the energy supply system to keep the hydrogen production of the hydrogen production system and the output power of the energy supply system in balance. If the actual output power of the energy supply system is greater than the hydrogen production capacity of the hydrogen production system, part of the output power is directly used to store the excess electrical energy of the energy supply system in the hydrogen storage system.

6. The energy management method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Obtain the output power Pi of the green energy supply system, the electric power Wi required by the external power grid, and the electric power Qi required by the hydrogen energy system in real time, and calculate the set duration P= ; Q = ; W = ,in: n is the number of time periods into which the set duration is divided according to the set time intervals; i is the time period number into which the set time duration is divided according to the set time interval; ti is the duration of the i-th time period; P is the total output power of the green energy supply system, and Pi is the output power of the green energy supply system in the i-th time period; W is the electric power required by the external power grid for a set duration, and Wi is the electric power required by the external power grid in the i-th time period; Q is the electric power required internally by the hydrogen energy system for a set duration, Qi is the electric power required internally by the hydrogen energy system for the i-th time period; Q is the electric power required internally by the hydrogen energy system for a set duration; When P≥Q+W, the total output power P of the green energy supply system is reduced.

7. The energy management method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reducing the total output power P of the green energy supply system comprises: Acquire the power generation efficiency of each of the green energy units of the green energy supply system and sort the power generation efficiency of all the green energy units in order from low to high power generation efficiency; Determining the minimum rated output power of each of the green energy units; According to the ranking, starting from the green energy unit with the lowest power generation efficiency, the output power of the green energy units is reduced in sequence to the corresponding minimum rated output power until P and Q+W are generally balanced.

8. The energy management method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reducing the total output power P of the green energy supply system comprises: Determining that the power generation of the green energy supply system needs to be reduced, and calculating the power generation efficiency of each of the green energy units; Reduce the power generation of the green energy units with low power generation efficiency, increase the power generation of some or all of the green energy units with high power generation efficiency, so that P and Q+W tend to be balanced as a whole.

9. The energy management method according to claim 6, characterized in that: When calculating the actual estimated hydrogen consumption Ma, the historical reference hydrogen consumption Mb, the output power and Pi of the green energy supply system, the electric power Wi required by the external power grid, and the electric power Qi required internally by the hydrogen energy system, the data are first time-aligned.

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