A lightweight high-strength photovoltaic module and a method of manufacturing the same

Abstract

This invention discloses a lightweight, high-strength photovoltaic module and its manufacturing method, relating to the field of photovoltaic modules. By combining multilayer functional materials and advanced structural design, this invention offers several significant advantages. First, the top-layer anti-reflective coating effectively improves light utilization efficiency, ensuring high photoelectric conversion efficiency under various lighting conditions. The light-absorbing layer and transparent conductive layer are tightly bonded, reducing light reflection loss and improving current output efficiency. The backsheet uses a honeycomb-shaped fiberglass composite material, which not only significantly reduces the overall weight of the module but also provides excellent structural strength and deformation resistance. The upward-protruding design at the backsheet edges ensures tighter bonding between layers during encapsulation, enhancing waterproofing, dustproofing, and resistance to mechanical shock. Furthermore, the use of a high-performance encapsulating film further improves the module's stability under extreme climatic conditions, extending its service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic modules, and in particular to a lightweight, high-strength photovoltaic module and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Photovoltaic (PV) modules are the basic units that convert solar energy into electrical energy. They are made up of multiple photovoltaic cells (usually silicon-based materials) connected in series or parallel and encapsulated. They absorb sunlight and generate direct current by utilizing the photoelectric effect. Modules typically include protective glass, backsheet, encapsulation film, conductive layer, and support structure. They are the core power generation unit in a solar power generation system, used to efficiently convert solar energy into electricity and can work stably under different environmental conditions.

[0003] The existing technology has the following problems: the overall weight of the components after assembly is too large and there is a lack of protective components, resulting in weak overall strength. In addition, during the production process, each set of components needs to be manually surface treated, which requires multiple manual processes, affecting the overall work efficiency and is quite labor-intensive. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, in order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings, the present invention provides a lightweight, high-strength photovoltaic module and its preparation method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a lightweight, high-strength photovoltaic module and its preparation method, comprising a top layer, wherein the top layer is an anti-reflective layer, a light-absorbing layer for absorbing light is connected to the bottom of the top layer, a transparent conductive layer is attached to the bottom of the light-absorbing layer, a back electrode is disposed at the bottom of the transparent conductive layer, the bottom of the back electrode is mounted on the top of a backplate, the backplate is honeycomb shaped as a whole, the edges of the backplate are raised upwards, the backplate covers the top layer, the light-absorbing layer, the transparent conductive layer and the sides of the back electrode, and the top layer, the light-absorbing layer, the transparent conductive layer, the back electrode and the backplate are covered by an encapsulation layer.

[0006] Preferably, the steps are as follows:

[0007] S1 Material Preparation: Anti-reflective layer: silicon nitride thin film; light-absorbing layer: perovskite; transparent conductive layer: indium tin oxide; back electrode: aluminum; backplate: glass fiber composite material, processed into a honeycomb structure; encapsulating film: ethylene-vinyl acetate.

[0008] S2 component assembly:

[0009] Backplate preparation: The glass fiber composite material is processed into a honeycomb structure, while ensuring that the edges bulge upwards to facilitate the subsequent coating of other layers. An adhesive layer is laid on the top of the backplate to fix the back electrode.

[0010] Back electrode layer laying: The selected back electrode material is evenly laid on the back plate, and hot pressing is used to ensure that it is firmly bonded to the back plate. The back electrode is also covered to the raised parts at the edges so as to connect well with the transparent conductive layer.

[0011] Transparent conductive layer deposition: The transparent conductive layer material is deposited on the back electrode layer using chemical vapor deposition to ensure uniform thickness of the transparent conductive layer and avoid affecting conductivity due to uneven thickness.

[0012] Deposition of the light-absorbing layer: A light-absorbing material is deposited on a transparent conductive layer using a sputtering method;

[0013] Anti-reflective layer coating: An anti-reflective layer is coated on top of the light-absorbing layer using a spraying process to ensure that the anti-reflective layer is evenly covered on the light-absorbing layer, thereby improving the light utilization rate;

[0014] S3 Packaging and Lamination:

[0015] Encapsulation film application: Apply EVA film to the edges of the anti-reflective layer and the raised backsheet, ensuring that the film covers all layers of the component;

[0016] Component lamination: The assembled components are placed in a laminator and laminated under certain temperature and pressure conditions to ensure that the layers are tightly bonded and that the encapsulating film fully fills all gaps.

[0017] S4 Curing and Testing:

[0018] Curing: The laminated components are placed in a curing oven and cured at a certain temperature to ensure complete curing of the encapsulating film, thereby further improving the mechanical strength and durability of the components;

[0019] Performance testing:

[0020] The prepared photovoltaic modules are tested for electrical performance, mechanical strength, weather resistance, etc., to ensure that the modules meet the predetermined technical specifications and application requirements;

[0021] S5 Edge Trimming and Protection: The photovoltaic modules are surface-treated using an auxiliary post-processing device, and then covered with edge sealant to increase the durability and safety of the modules.

[0022] Preferably, the auxiliary post-processing device includes a panel processing mechanism for processing the surface of photovoltaic modules, a support box for support and located at the front end of the panel processing mechanism, and a discharge mechanism supported by the support box and installed on top of it.

[0023] Preferably, the panel processing mechanism includes a base plate for support, supports symmetrically located at both ends of the top of the base plate, a guide rod connecting the two sets of supports, a support plate penetrated by the guide rod, an arc-shaped guide rail located at the left end of the top of the base plate, a sliding seat matching the guide rail, a pulling cylinder located at the left end of the top of the sliding seat, a sliding processing component installed inside the sliding seat and connected to the pulling cylinder, a follower column located at the lower end of the sliding seat and penetrating the right side of the sliding seat, an upper driving bevel gear connected to the right side of the follower column, an upper driven bevel gear meshing with the upper driving bevel gear, a support located at the bottom of the upper driven bevel gear and connected to the sliding seat at the left end, a lower driving bevel gear installed at the bottom of the support, a lower driven bevel gear meshing with the left side of the lower driving bevel gear, a stabilizing seat located at the middle of the top of the base plate, and a driving gear located on the left side of the stabilizing seat.

[0024] The upper end of the sliding seat is provided with a guide groove, and the front and rear ends of the guide groove are respectively provided with strip grooves. The sliding processing component is movably embedded in the guide groove to slide left and right. The lower end of the sliding seat is hollow and is used to connect the follower column. The follower column is provided with an arc-shaped guide groove on its outer side.

[0025] A limiting component is provided on the right side of the back of the sliding seat. A protruding rod passes through the middle of the limiting component. A return spring is sleeved inside the limiting component. A circular array of grooves is opened on the right end surface of the follower column. The protruding rod can be inserted into the grooves.

[0026] The upper driven bevel gear, the support, and the lower driving bevel gear are all penetrated by a shaft, and the support can rotate along the shaft, while the two sets of bevel gears can rotate with the shaft.

[0027] The lower driven bevel gear is connected to a transmission rod in the middle, and the transmission rod passes through the stabilizing seat to connect to the driving gear.

[0028] Preferably, the top of the drive gear meshes with the rack, and the top of the rack is fixed to the bottom of the support plate.

[0029] Preferably, the sliding processing assembly includes a hollow slide seat disposed in the guide groove inside the slide seat, a pull block disposed at the left end inside the slide seat, a connecting plate hinged inside the slide seat and connected to the pull block at the top, a spring disposed at the upper end of the pull block, a fixed seat disposed at the top right end of the slide seat and connected to the rear end of the pull cylinder push rod, a moving post disposed at the bottom of the connecting plate that can move the arc-shaped guide groove inside the follower post, a locking seat disposed at the top left end of the slide seat, and a swing rod penetrating the front end of the locking seat. The other end of the spring is connected to the fixed seat. A protruding post is provided at the left end of the front end face of the slide seat. The front end of the protruding post penetrates the strip groove at the front end of the slide seat and is hinged to the swing rod. The lower end of the swing rod is connected to the surface treatment assembly, which can treat the surface of the photovoltaic module.

[0030] Preferably, the surface treatment components are a pendulum and a scraper. The upper end of the pendulum is hinged to the pendulum rod, and the bottom of the pendulum is fixed with a scraper. The bottom of the scraper can be used to smooth the surface of the encapsulated photovoltaic module.

[0031] Preferably, the surface treatment components are a pendulum, a mounting block, a locking component, and a grinding block. The upper end of the pendulum is hinged to the pendulum rod, and the bottom of the pendulum is provided with a mounting block. The bottom of the mounting block has a slot, and the bottom of the slot is connected to the grinding block through the locking component, which can realize the grinding treatment of the photovoltaic module surface.

[0032] Preferably, the surface treatment component comprises a pendulum hinged to the lower end of the pendulum rod, a water collection tray at the bottom of the pendulum for water flow, a connector at the top of the water collection tray for water collection, and a spray nozzle plate at the bottom of the water collection tray for water spraying, which can achieve cleaning treatment of the photovoltaic module surface.

[0033] Preferably, the discharge mechanism includes a bottom frame for support and its bottom connected to the top of the support box; side members located on the left, right and front sides of the bottom frame; a push cylinder mounted on the top of the side members; a clamp located inside the push cylinder push rod; a discharge tray plate located above the bottom frame; support columns mounted at the four ends of the bottom of the discharge tray plate; an upper hinge seat located at the bottom of the discharge tray plate; an upper linkage member hinged inside the upper hinge seat in a cross shape; two sets of connecting rods hinged to the other two ends of the upper linkage member; a lifting member hinged to the inner side of the connecting rods; a lower linkage member hinged to the other end of the lifting member and also in a cross shape; a lower hinge seat hinged to the other two ends of the lower linkage member and fixed to the bottom of the bottom frame; and a drive motor mounted on the outside of the lifting member.

[0034] The top of the bottom frame has four integrally formed protrusions, and the top of the protrusions has an inner concave arc groove. The clamp can be placed above the inner concave arc groove as the push cylinder moves, while the support can be placed inside the inner concave arc groove and restricted by the clamp.

[0035] The right end of the lower linkage component is five times longer than the other three ends. The output shaft of the drive motor passes through the lifting component and connects to the right end of the lower linkage component.

[0036] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0037] This invention, by combining multi-layered functional materials and advanced structural design, has several significant advantages. First, the top anti-reflective coating effectively improves light utilization efficiency, ensuring that the photovoltaic module maintains high photoelectric conversion efficiency under various lighting conditions. The light-absorbing layer and the transparent conductive layer are tightly bonded, reducing light reflection loss and improving current output efficiency. The backsheet uses a honeycomb fiberglass composite material, which not only greatly reduces the overall weight of the module but also provides excellent structural strength and deformation resistance. The upward protrusion design of the backsheet edge makes the bonding between the layers more tight during the encapsulation of the entire module, enhancing its waterproof, dustproof, and mechanical shock resistance capabilities. In addition, by using a high-performance encapsulation film, the stability of the module under extreme climatic conditions is further improved, extending its service life.

[0038] This invention employs an auxiliary post-processing device, which assists in the photovoltaic module processing steps, including panel leveling, grinding, and cleaning. The device works in conjunction with an external pushing mechanism to achieve automated processing, moving synchronously during the processing of the photovoltaic modules, reducing labor and effectively improving work efficiency.

[0039] The device is also equipped with a discharge mechanism that can receive the surface-treated photovoltaic modules and export them. The export position is three-way, which allows the docking position to be adapted to three different receiving mechanisms, such as post-processing equipment and storage equipment. This reduces the need for multiple discharge mechanisms, lowers costs, and ensures stable discharge, thereby improving overall energy efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary post-processing device of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the auxiliary post-processing device of the present invention from another perspective;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding processing component structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the follower column and limiting component structure of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the tray connection structure of the present invention from a bottom view;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the material discharge mechanism of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of the discharge mechanism of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 9 This is an exploded structural diagram of the discharge mechanism of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the surface treatment component of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the surface treatment component of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the surface treatment component of the present invention.

[0052] The components include: top layer-a, light-absorbing layer-b, transparent conductive layer-c, back electrode-d, back plate-e, encapsulation layer-f, board surface processing mechanism-1, support box-2, material discharge mechanism-3, substrate-11, support-12, guide rod-13, tray-14, guide rail-15, sliding seat-16, pulling cylinder-17, sliding processing assembly-18, follower column-19, upper driving bevel gear-110, upper driven bevel gear-111, tray-112, lower driving bevel gear-113, lower driven bevel gear-114, stabilizing seat-115, driving gear-116, limiting assembly-1a, slide-181, pull block-182, connecting plate-183, spring- 184. Fixed base - 185. Actuating column - 186. Locking base - 187. Swing rod - 188. Surface treatment component - 1b. Extending rod - 1a1. Circular groove - 191. Rack - 141. Base frame - 31. Side piece - 32. Push cylinder - 33. Clamping piece - 34. Discharge tray - 35. Support column - 36. Upper hinge seat - 37. Upper linkage piece - 38. Connecting rod - 39. Lifting piece - 310. Lower linkage piece - 311. Lower hinge seat - 312. Drive motor - 313. Swing piece - 1b1. Scraper - 1b2. Mounting block - 1b2. Locking piece - 1b3. Grinding block - 1b4. Water collection tray - 1b2. Connector - 1b3. Spraying plate - 1b4. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To further explain the technical solution of the present invention, a detailed description is provided below through specific embodiments.

[0054] Please see Figure 1This invention provides a lightweight, high-strength photovoltaic module, comprising a top layer a, which is an anti-reflective layer; a light-absorbing layer b connected to the bottom of the top layer a for absorbing light; a transparent conductive layer c attached to the bottom of the light-absorbing layer b for conducting electricity; a back electrode d disposed at the bottom of the transparent conductive layer c for collecting current; the bottom of the back electrode d being mounted on the top of a backplate e; and the backplate e being a fiberglass composite material with a honeycomb shape, the edges of the backplate e protruding upwards to cover the top layer a, the light-absorbing layer b, the transparent conductive layer c, and the sides of the back electrode d, providing support and protection and improving overall strength. The top layer a, the light-absorbing layer b, the transparent conductive layer c, the back electrode d, and the backplate e are encapsulated by an EVA film encapsulation layer f.

[0055] This invention provides a method for preparing a lightweight, high-strength photovoltaic module, comprising the following steps:

[0056] S1 Material Preparation: Anti-reflective layer: Silicon nitride thin film; Light-absorbing layer: Perovskite; Transparent conductive layer: Indium tin oxide; Back electrode: Aluminum; Backplate: Fiberglass composite material, processed into a honeycomb structure; Encapsulating film: Ethylene-vinyl acetate; S2 Component Assembly: Backplate Preparation: The fiberglass composite material is processed into a honeycomb structure, ensuring the edges bulge upwards for subsequent overlay of other layers. An adhesive layer is laid on top of the backplate to fix the back electrode; Back electrode layer laying: The selected back electrode material is evenly laid on the backplate, and hot-pressed to ensure a firm bond with the backplate. The back electrode is ensured to cover the raised areas at the edges for good connection with the transparent conductive layer; Transparent conductive layer deposition: The transparent conductive layer material is deposited on the back electrode layer using chemical vapor deposition, ensuring uniform thickness to avoid affecting conductivity due to uneven thickness; Light-absorbing layer deposition: Light-absorbing material is deposited on the transparent conductive layer using sputtering; Anti-reflective layer coating: The light-absorbing material is deposited on the transparent conductive layer using sputtering. An anti-reflective layer is coated on top of the light-absorbing layer using a spraying process to ensure uniform coverage of the anti-reflective layer on the light-absorbing layer, thereby improving light utilization. S3 Encapsulation and Lamination: Encapsulation Film Laying: EVA film is laid on the edges of the anti-reflective layer and the raised backsheet, ensuring the film covers all layers of the module. Module Lamination: The assembled module is placed in a laminator and laminated under specific temperature and pressure to ensure tight bonding between layers and full filling of all gaps by the encapsulation film. S4 Curing and Testing: Curing: The laminated module is placed in a curing oven and cured at a specific temperature to ensure complete curing of the encapsulation film, further improving the mechanical strength and durability of the module. Performance Testing: The prepared photovoltaic modules are tested for electrical performance, mechanical strength, weather resistance, etc., to ensure that the modules meet the predetermined technical specifications and application requirements. S5 Edge Trimming and Protection: The photovoltaic modules are surface-treated using an auxiliary post-processing device, and after trimming, edge sealant is used for encapsulation to increase the module's durability and safety.

[0057] refer to Figures 2 to 6 The auxiliary post-processing device includes a panel processing mechanism 1 for conveying photovoltaic modules and processing their surfaces. A support box 2 is placed at the front center of the panel processing mechanism 1. The top of the support box 2 supports the discharge mechanism 3. The discharge mechanism 3 can send out the processed photovoltaic modules in three positions: front, left, and right. It is used in conjunction with external receiving equipment and storage equipment.

[0058] The panel processing mechanism 1 includes a base plate 11 for support. Supports 12 are symmetrically locked at both ends of the top of the base plate 11. The supports 12 are connected at both ends by two sets of guide rods 13. A slidable support plate 14 is fitted in the middle of the two sets of guide rods 13 for conveying and supporting photovoltaic modules. An arc-shaped guide rail 15 is provided at the top left end of the base plate 11. The guide rail 15 slides in conjunction with a sliding seat 16. A pulling cylinder 17 is installed at the top left rear end of the sliding seat 16. The pulling cylinder 17 pushes out a rod connected to a sliding processing component 18. A guide groove is provided at the upper end of the sliding seat 16, with strip-shaped grooves at both ends. The sliding processing component 18 is movably embedded in the guide groove and can slide left and right. The lower end of the sliding seat 16 is hollow. Follower columns 19 are rotatably arranged on both sides of the hollow position. An arc-shaped guide groove is provided in the middle of the outer side of the follower column 19. The right side of the follower column 19 passes through the sliding seat 16 and connects to... The upper driving bevel gear 110 meshes with the upper driven bevel gear 111 at its bottom. The bottom of the upper driven bevel gear 111 is supported by the support 112, and its middle part is penetrated by a shaft. The bottom of the shaft is connected to the top of the base plate 11 through a bearing. The lower end of the shaft is fitted with a lower driving bevel gear 113. The left end of the lower driving bevel gear 113 meshes with the lower driven bevel gear 114. The support 112 can rotate along the shaft, and the left end of the support 112 is fixed to the sliding seat 16 by bolts, so as to realize the swing of the sliding seat 16. The middle part of the lower driven bevel gear 114 is connected to a transmission rod. The left end of the transmission rod passes through the stabilizing seat 115 fixed at the middle of the top of the base plate 11, and then passes through its left side to connect to the driving gear 116. The top of the driving gear 116 meshes with the rack 141. The top of the rack 141 is welded to the bottom of the support plate 14, so that the support plate 14 can move with the rack 141.

[0059] The right end of the back of the sliding seat 16 is locked with a limiting component 1a, which can limit the follower column 19. The middle part of the limiting component 1a is penetrated by the extension rod 1a1. The extension rod 1a1 is placed inside the limiting component 1a and a return spring is sleeved thereon, which can realize the forward and backward movement of the extension rod 1a1. A circular groove 191 is formed in an annular array on the right end surface of the follower column 19. The extension rod 1a1 is inserted into the groove 191, so that the follower column 19 is limited.

[0060] The sliding processing assembly 18 includes a slide block 181, which is movably embedded in the upper guide groove of the slide block 16 for sliding. The middle part of the slide block 181 is hollow, and a pull block 182 is provided in the hollow part. The bottom of the pull block 182 is fixed to the top left end of the connecting plate 183. The front and rear positions of the connecting plate 183 are hinged to the inside of the slide block 181. A toggle post 186 is fixed to the bottom right end of the slide block 181. The toggle post 186 can extend into the guide groove outside the follower post 19 to aggle it. A set of locking posts is fixed to the upper end of the pull block 182. A fixing seat 185 is integrally formed at the top right end of the slide block 181. The fixing seat 185 is internally fixed. There is another set of locking posts, and the two sets of locking posts are directly connected by spring 184, so that the pull block 182 can be easily reset. The rear end of the fixed seat 185 is connected to the push rod inside the pull cylinder 17. The top left end of the slide 181 is fixed with a locking seat 187 by bolts. The front end of the locking seat 187 has a notch, and the notch is penetrated by the swing rod 188. The left end of the front end face of the slide 181 is fixed with a protrusion, which penetrates the strip groove at the front end of the slide 16 and is hinged to the middle of the swing rod 188. The lower end of the swing rod 188 is forked, and the surface treatment component 1b is hinged at the fork position. The surface treatment component 1b can treat the surface of the photovoltaic module.

[0061] refer to Figures 7 to 9 The discharge mechanism 3 includes a base frame 31 for support and fixation. The bottom of the base frame 31 is connected to the support box 2. The top of the base frame 31 has four integrally formed protrusions. The top of the protrusions has an inwardly concave arc-shaped groove. A side piece 32 is welded and fixed to the middle of the outer side of the protrusion. The side piece 32 is not installed at the rear end of the protrusion. A push cylinder 33 is installed on the outer end of the top of the side piece 32. The push cylinder 33 pushes out a rod and connects to a clamp 34. The clamp 34 passes through the side piece 32 and is placed above the inwardly concave arc-shaped groove. A discharge support plate 35 is set above the middle of the base frame 31. The discharge support plate 35 can lift the photovoltaic module. A set of brackets is fixed to each of the four bottom ends of the support plate 35. A clamp is welded and fixed to the outside of each set of brackets. The clamp is placed inside the inwardly concave arc-shaped groove and can be limited by the clamp 34. After being limited, the clamp can move inside the inwardly concave arc-shaped groove. The upper hinge seat 37 is welded and fixed to the middle of the bottom end of the support plate 35. The lower end of the upper hinge seat 37 is hinged to the upper linkage member 38. The upper linkage member 38 is cross-shaped. Each of the other two ends of the upper linkage member 38 is hinged to a set of connecting rods 39. The other end of the two sets of connecting rods 39 is hinged to the lifting member 310. The other end of the lifting member 310 is fork-shaped. The inner side of the fork-shaped position is hinged to the lower linkage member 311. The lower linkage member 311 is also cross-shaped, but the right end is five times longer than the other three ends. Its other two ends are hinged to the lower hinge seat 312. The bottom of the lower hinge seat 312 is locked to the top of the bottom frame 31. A drive motor 313 is installed on the right side of the lifting member 310 at a longer position than the lower linkage member 311. The output shaft of the drive motor 313 passes through the lifting member 310 and connects to the lower linkage member 311, which can drive it.

[0062] refer to Figure 10 The surface treatment component 1b includes a swing piece 1b1 and a scraper 1b2. The upper end of the swing piece 1b1 is inserted into the lower end of the swing rod 188 and is hinged thereto. The scraper 1b2 is fixed at the bottom of the swing rod 1b1, which can scrape the top of the photovoltaic module (encapsulated but not dried) passing on the tray 14.

[0063] Detailed implementation process:

[0064] When processing the top of the photovoltaic modules (un-dried encapsulation) is required, the photovoltaic modules are first connected to the support 12 at the rear end by an external conveyor. Then, each group of photovoltaic modules can be guided one by one onto the top of the tray 14. Next, the pulling cylinder 17 is activated. When the pulling cylinder 17 is working, it moves the fixed seat 185 to move the slide 181, allowing it to move within the slide 16. During the movement, the actuating column 186 can be actuated on the follower column 19. When actuated to the right, it can be actuated along the arc-shaped guide groove on the follower column 19, allowing... The follower column rotates, causing the upper driving bevel gear 110 connected to the lower right end to rotate, which in turn drives the upper driven bevel gear 111 to rotate. The shaft in the middle drives the lower driving bevel gear 113 to rotate, and finally drives the lower driven bevel gear 114 to rotate. During the rotation of the lower driven bevel gear 114, the driving gear 116 can be rotated through the transmission rod in the stabilizer 115. The driving gear 116 drives the rack 141 to move. The support plate 14 at the top of the rack 141 can be guided by the guide rod 13 under the action of force and move towards the front end with the photovoltaic module.

[0065] During the movement of the slide block 181, the swing rod 188 connected to its protruding post can move left and right. When swinging, it is limited by the locking seat 187, and the scraper 1b2 connected to the lower end can scrape the top of the photovoltaic module flat.

[0066] At the same time, when the actuating column 186 is subjected to left and right forces, it can cause the connecting plate 183 to swing the pull block 182. Since the pull block 182 is subjected to the force of the spring 184, it is easy for the pull block 182 to return to its original position.

[0067] Each time the follower column 19 rotates, its internal circular groove can be stopped by the extended rod 1a1 to prevent excessive rotation;

[0068] After each photovoltaic module is processed, it can be manually pushed onto the top of the discharge tray 35. Then, depending on the discharge position, the left, right, or front push cylinder 33 is activated. One push cylinder 33 pushes out the clamp 34, placing it on the support column 36 and limiting its position. The cylinders at the other two ends are not activated and do not limit the support columns 36 at the other two ends. Then, the drive motor 313 is started. The drive motor 313 rotates, causing the lower linkage 311 to rotate, which can move the lifting component 310 and the connecting rod 39. Finally, the upper linkage 38 lifts the top discharge tray 35, flipping up the corresponding limiting support column 36, thereby realizing the discharge of the photovoltaic module at the designated position.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] refer to Figure 11 The surface treatment component 1b includes a swing member 1b1 with a hinged swing arm 188. A mounting block 1b2 is fixed to the bottom of the swing member 1b1. The mounting block 1b2 has slots at both ends of its bottom. A locking member 1b3 is fitted into the slots. A grinding block 1b4 is fixed to the bottom of the locking member 1b3. The grinding block 1b4 can grind the surface of the photovoltaic module passing on the tray.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] refer to Figure 12 The surface treatment component 1b includes a pendulum 1b1 hinged to the pendulum rod 188. A water collection tray 1b2 is fixedly attached to the bottom of the pendulum 1b1. The water collection tray 1b2 has a cavity inside to facilitate water intake. Two sets of connectors 1b3 extend into the top two ends of the water collection tray 1b2 to connect to an external water supply pipe. A spray nozzle plate 1b4 is tightly embedded in the bottom of the water collection tray 1b2. The spray nozzle plate 1b4 has at least 100 sets of water holes. After water is passed through the water collection tray, water can be sprayed out to clean the surface of the photovoltaic module (after curing) passing on the tray.

[0073] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a lightweight, high-strength photovoltaic module, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: S1 Material Preparation: Anti-reflective layer: silicon nitride thin film; light-absorbing layer: perovskite; transparent conductive layer: indium tin oxide; back electrode: aluminum; backplate: glass fiber composite material, processed into a honeycomb structure; encapsulating film: ethylene-vinyl acetate. S2 component assembly: Backplate preparation: The glass fiber composite material is processed into a honeycomb structure, while ensuring that the edges bulge upwards to facilitate the subsequent coating of other layers. An adhesive layer is laid on the top of the backplate to fix the back electrode. Back electrode layer laying: The selected back electrode material is evenly laid on the back plate, and hot pressing is used to ensure that it is firmly bonded to the back plate. The back electrode is also covered to the raised parts at the edges so as to connect well with the transparent conductive layer. Transparent conductive layer deposition: The transparent conductive layer material is deposited on the back electrode layer using chemical vapor deposition to ensure uniform thickness of the transparent conductive layer and avoid affecting conductivity due to uneven thickness. Deposition of the light-absorbing layer: A light-absorbing material is deposited on a transparent conductive layer using a sputtering method; Anti-reflective layer coating: An anti-reflective layer is coated on top of the light-absorbing layer using a spraying process to ensure that the anti-reflective layer is evenly covered on the light-absorbing layer, thereby improving the light utilization rate; S3 Packaging and Lamination: Encapsulation film application: Apply EVA film to the edges of the anti-reflective layer and the raised backsheet, ensuring that the film covers all layers of the component; Component lamination: The assembled components are placed in a laminator and laminated under certain temperature and pressure conditions to ensure that the layers are tightly bonded and that the encapsulating film fully fills all gaps. S4 Curing and Testing: Curing: The laminated components are placed in a curing oven and cured at a certain temperature to ensure complete curing of the encapsulating film, thereby further improving the mechanical strength and durability of the components; Performance testing: The prepared photovoltaic modules are tested for electrical performance, mechanical strength, weather resistance, etc., to ensure that the modules meet the predetermined technical specifications and application requirements; S5 Edge Trimming and Protection: The photovoltaic modules are surface-treated using an auxiliary post-processing device, and then covered with edge sealant to increase the durability and safety of the modules. The auxiliary post-processing device includes a panel processing mechanism for processing the surface of photovoltaic modules, a support box for support and located at the front end of the panel processing mechanism, and a discharge mechanism supported by the support box and installed on top of it.

2. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-strength photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The panel processing mechanism includes a base plate for support, symmetrical supports at both ends of the top of the base plate, a guide rod connecting the two sets of supports, a support plate penetrated by the guide rod, an arc-shaped guide rail at the left end of the top of the base plate, a sliding seat matching the guide rail, a pulling cylinder at the left end of the top of the sliding seat, a sliding processing component installed inside the sliding seat and connected to the pulling cylinder, a follower column at the lower end of the sliding seat and penetrating the right side of the sliding seat, an upper driving bevel gear connected to the right side of the follower column, an upper driven bevel gear meshing with the upper driving bevel gear, a support at the bottom of the upper driven bevel gear and connected to the sliding seat at the left end, a lower driving bevel gear installed at the bottom of the support, a lower driven bevel gear meshing with the left side of the lower driving bevel gear, a stabilizing seat at the middle of the top of the base plate, and a driving gear at the left side of the stabilizing seat. The upper end of the sliding seat is provided with a guide groove, and the front and rear ends of the guide groove are respectively provided with strip grooves. The sliding processing component is movably embedded in the guide groove to slide left and right. The lower end of the sliding seat is hollow and is used to connect the follower column. The follower column is provided with an arc-shaped guide groove on its outer side. A limiting component is provided on the right side of the back of the sliding seat. A protruding rod passes through the middle of the limiting component. A return spring is sleeved inside the limiting component. A circular array of grooves is opened on the right end surface of the follower column. The protruding rod can be inserted into the grooves. The upper driven bevel gear, the support, and the lower driving bevel gear are all penetrated by a shaft, and the support can rotate along the shaft, while the two sets of bevel gears can rotate with the shaft. The lower driven bevel gear is connected to a transmission rod in the middle, and the transmission rod passes through the stabilizing seat to connect to the driving gear.

3. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-strength photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top of the drive gear meshes with the rack, and the top of the rack is fixed to the bottom of the support plate.

4. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-strength photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding processing assembly includes a hollow slide seat located in the guide groove inside the slide seat, a pull block located at the left end of the slide seat, a connecting plate hinged inside the slide seat and connected to the pull block at the top, a spring located at the upper end of the pull block, a fixed seat located at the top right end of the slide seat and connected to the rear end of the cylinder push rod, a moving post located at the bottom of the connecting plate that can move the arc-shaped guide groove inside the follower post, a locking seat located at the top left end of the slide seat, and a swing rod penetrating the front end of the locking seat. The other end of the spring is connected to the fixed seat. A protruding post is provided at the left end of the front end face of the slide seat. The front end of the protruding post passes through the strip groove at the front end of the slide seat and is hinged to the swing rod. The lower end of the swing rod is connected to the surface treatment assembly, which can treat the surface of the photovoltaic module.

5. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-strength photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surface treatment components are a pendulum and a scraper. The upper end of the pendulum is hinged to the pendulum rod, and the bottom of the pendulum is fixed with a scraper. The bottom of the scraper can be used to smooth the surface of the encapsulated photovoltaic module.

6. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-strength photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surface treatment components include a pendulum, a mounting block, a locking component, and a grinding block. The upper end of the pendulum is hinged to the pendulum rod, and the bottom of the pendulum is provided with a mounting block. The bottom of the mounting block has a slot, and the bottom of the slot is connected to the grinding block through the locking component, which can realize the grinding treatment of the photovoltaic module surface.

7. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-strength photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The surface treatment component consists of a pendulum hinged to the lower end of the pendulum rod, a water collection tray at the bottom of the pendulum for water flow, a connector at the top of the water collection tray for water collection, and a spray nozzle plate at the bottom of the water collection tray for water spraying, which can achieve cleaning treatment of the photovoltaic module surface.

8. The method for preparing a lightweight, high-strength photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge mechanism includes a bottom frame for support and its bottom is connected to the top of the support box; side members located on the left, right and front sides of the bottom frame; a push cylinder installed on the top of the side members; a clamp located inside the push cylinder push rod; a discharge tray plate located above the bottom frame; support columns installed at the four ends of the bottom of the discharge tray plate; an upper hinge seat located at the bottom of the discharge tray plate; an upper linkage member hinged inside the upper hinge seat in a cross shape; two sets of connecting rods hinged to the other two ends of the upper linkage member; a lifting member hinged to the inner side of the connecting rods; a lower linkage member hinged to the other end of the lifting member and also in a cross shape; a lower hinge seat hinged to the other two ends of the lower linkage member and fixed to the bottom of the bottom frame; and a drive motor installed on the outside of the lifting member. The top of the bottom frame has four integrally formed protrusions, and the top of the protrusions has an inner concave arc groove. The clamp can be placed above the inner concave arc groove as the push cylinder moves, while the support can be placed inside the inner concave arc groove and restricted by the clamp. The right end of the lower linkage component is five times longer than the other three ends. The output shaft of the drive motor passes through the lifting component and connects to the right end of the lower linkage component.

9. The photovoltaic module prepared by the method for preparing a lightweight, high-strength photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system includes a top layer, which is an anti-reflective layer. A light-absorbing layer for absorbing light is connected to the bottom of the top layer. A transparent conductive layer is attached to the bottom of the light-absorbing layer. A back electrode is disposed at the bottom of the transparent conductive layer. The bottom of the back electrode is mounted on the top of a back plate. The back plate is honeycomb-shaped with its edges protruding upwards. The back plate covers the top layer, the light-absorbing layer, the transparent conductive layer, and the sides of the back electrode. The top layer, the light-absorbing layer, the transparent conductive layer, the back electrode, and the back plate are covered by an encapsulation layer.

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