A method and device for precision water supply and seeding of crops

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of seeding equipment, in particular to a precision water supply and seeding method for crops and a device thereof. The method comprises the following working steps: S1, fixing a rack on a carrier, and adjusting the spacing between each distribution pipe according to seeding parameters; S2, respectively placing seeds and water into the storage groove and the water storage bucket of the rack; and S3, the carrier drives the whole rack to displace, and in the process of seeding, the corresponding water flow is transported to the distribution pipe by a quantitative assembly, the water flow is sprayed out in the process of seeding, the water is distributed in the area around the seeds, and the land around the seeds is moistened; in the process of seeding, the quantitative assembly transports appropriate moisture into the distribution pipe, the moisture and the seeds are sprayed out by the distribution pipe, the area around the seeds is moistened, the smooth growth is ensured, the utilization of water resources is improved, and the planting cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of sowing equipment technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for precise water supply and sowing of crops. Background Technology

[0002] Drought and water scarcity affect the sowing, emergence, and yield of crops, and are a major factor restricting the sustainable development of agriculture. Currently, 47% of my country's regions receive less than 400 mm of rainfall annually, and drought-affected farmland accounts for 25% to 30% of the total cultivated land area each year. As one of the major food crops, corn is highly adaptable, widely distributed, and versatile, with great potential for increased production. In the world, its sown area and total output are second only to rice and wheat, playing a crucial role in food security. The sowing period and emergence rate of corn largely determine its growth status and yield. The emergence speed and rate of corn are related to soil moisture and temperature. Especially in northern regions, corn requires a certain amount of irrigation to ensure emergence.

[0003] After sowing, corn needs to absorb 48% to 50% of its absolute dry weight of water to expand and germinate. If the soil moisture is poor, even if it manages to expand and germinate, it will often result in severe seedling loss due to weak emergence. If the soil is too moist and has poor aeration, the seeds are prone to mold and rot, which will also cause seedling loss. This is especially serious under low temperature conditions. The root zone soil must be maintained at 60% to 70% of field capacity to ensure a good emergence rate.

[0004] Traditional irrigation is required after sowing to promote seedling emergence. This method is usually based on surface irrigation, which is not only expensive but also has low water use efficiency, exacerbating the contradiction between water supply and demand. This is especially true in water-scarce areas, where the contradiction between agricultural water use and food production is particularly prominent. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a sowing irrigation device and method that can ensure the smooth emergence of corn seedlings in water-scarce conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for precise water supply and sowing of crops, which addresses the above-mentioned technical deficiencies. During the sowing process, an appropriate amount of water is delivered into the cloth tube through a quantitative component, and the water and seeds are sprayed out together by the cloth tube to moisten the area around the seeds, provide sufficient water to ensure the smooth growth of crops, improve the efficiency of water resource utilization, and reduce planting costs.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention includes the following working steps:

[0007] S1. Fix the frame on the carrier and adjust the spacing between each fabric tube according to the sowing parameters;

[0008] S2. Place the seeds and water into the storage slot and water tank of the frame, respectively;

[0009] S3. The carrier drives the frame to move as a whole. During sowing, the metering component delivers the corresponding water flow to the cloth pipe, forming a water spray during sowing, so that the water is distributed in the area around the seed.

[0010] A precision irrigation and seeding device for crops includes:

[0011] The frame has two symmetrical support rails in the middle, and multiple brackets are installed on the support rails. The brackets can be moved along the length of the support rails. A metering component is provided above the brackets. A feeding tube is connected to a rotating shaft on one side of the bracket. The metering component delivers a metered amount of liquid into the feeding tube and discharges it from the outlet of the feeding tube, so that the liquid is distributed around the seed area.

[0012] Preferably, the fabric fitting includes a tube and a water storage pipe; the tube is symmetrically provided with displacement channels inside, and a supply channel is symmetrically provided on one side of the displacement channels, and a pressure member is provided above the displacement channels; the water storage pipe is slidably connected to the outlet of the displacement channels, and two support springs that contact the tube are symmetrically provided at the bottom end of the water storage pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the outlet of the tube is provided with a first volume chamber, the first volume chamber has an upward through liquid supply channel, and a spray ring is provided inside the first volume chamber.

[0014] Preferably, the spray ring is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes evenly distributed on it, and the spray ring has a double-layer space inside, with each layer of the space communicating with a corresponding number of water outlet holes.

[0015] Preferably, the tube has a second volume chamber at its outlet, the air inlet of the second volume chamber is located at the bottom surface of the displacement channel, and the second volume chamber has an air inlet pipe communicating with the outside.

[0016] Preferably, the pressurizing component includes a thrust member and a sealing cover; the thrust member is fixed above the displacement channel, the sealing cover is installed on the push rod of the thrust member, the sealing cover is provided with an air inlet, and the sealing cover is stepped.

[0017] Preferably, the quantitative components are arranged in pairs, and each quantitative component includes a housing and a first turntable; an inlet pipe is provided on one side of the housing, a bottom sealing ring is provided at the bottom of the housing, and a sealing ring is provided in the middle of the housing; the first turntable is connected to the housing by a rotating shaft, and multiple adjustable volume storage cylinders are provided on the first turntable.

[0018] Preferably, the bottom of the storage cylinder is symmetrically provided with guide posts, a positioning spring is sleeved on the guide posts, and a slidingly connected extension is provided on the guide posts. The upper surface of the extension is connected to the positioning spring, and the extension enters the interior of the storage cylinder through the extension to realize the change of storage volume.

[0019] Preferably, a lifting member is provided at the lower middle part of the box body, the lifting member including a hydraulic cylinder and a push ring; the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the box body, the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the push ring, and the edge of the push ring contacts the extension member.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0021] 1. The metering component is connected to the water storage tank to deliver a metered amount of water to the cloth-laying pipe, reducing water waste. The seeds and water are also ejected together through the cloth-laying pipe, enabling simultaneous sowing and irrigation, simplifying the planting process and improving work efficiency.

[0022] 2. The design of the metering components and the cloth feeding tube can provide multiple working modes to meet different requirements in sowing and planting, thus improving applicability;

[0023] 3. The structure design of the pressurizing component and water storage pipe can release pressure instantly to quickly discharge the internal water and seeds, thereby ensuring that water is gathered around the seeds to meet their growth needs. In addition, during the sowing process, irrigation can be supplemented through the first volume chamber, or growth solution can be added to meet different usage scenarios.

[0024] 4. The overall structure of the fabric-laying pipe is integrated inside the pipe cylinder. The overall structure is reasonably and ingeniously laid out, with a small size. All key components are located inside, which plays a protective role, improves the overall service life, and facilitates integration and modification with existing agricultural machinery structures, reducing the difficulty of modification and making it easier to promote and apply.

[0025] 5. By adjusting the position of the support frame on the support track, the row spacing between seeds can be adjusted according to planting needs. The adjustment is convenient and quick, reducing the difficulty of operation.

[0026] 6. The symmetrical internal structure of the tube allows for alternating discharge of the mixed seeds and water. By controlling the discharge frequency of both, the sowing spacing can be controlled, resulting in more stable operation and preventing seedling loss. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a precision water supply and seeding device for crops;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure supporting the track;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the support frame and the fabric fittings;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic support structure;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the box structure;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the enclosure;

[0033] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the first turntable;

[0034] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the stock cylinder structure;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the displacement of the inserted part;

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the fabric tube structure;

[0037] Figure 11 This is a top view of the fabric tube fitting;

[0038] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal connections of the fabric tube fitting;

[0039] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the full section of the tube;

[0040] Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of the water storage pipe;

[0041] Figure 15 This is a cross-sectional view of the spray ring;

[0042] Figure 16 A comparison chart of water content per barrel volume;

[0043] Figure 17 A comparison chart of soil temperatures in buckets;

[0044] Figure 18 A comparison chart of the mass of the barrel-loaded test;

[0045] Figure 19 This is a line graph showing the average moisture content.

[0046] Figure 20 This is a line graph of soil temperature.

[0047] Figure 21 A line graph showing the barrel's loaded mass;

[0048] Figure 22 A graph showing the corn emergence period, emergence rate, and moisture content.

[0049] Figure 23 This is a diagram of a corn growth experiment.

[0050] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Metering component; 3. Fabric feeding tube; 4. Tube; 5. Water storage pipe; 6. Pressurizing component; 7. Box; 8. First turntable; 9. Metering cylinder; 10. Elastic support component; 101. Support rail; 102. Bracket; 401. Displacement channel; 402. Supply channel; 403. First volume chamber; 404. Liquid supply channel; 405. Spray ring; 406. Water outlet; 407. Second volume chamber; 408. Suction pipe; 501. Support spring; 601. Thrust component; 602. Sealing cap; 603. Air inlet; 701. Liquid inlet pipe; 702. Bottom sealing ring; 703. Sealing ring; 704. Lifting component; 705. Hydraulic cylinder; 706. Push ring; 901. Guide column; 902. Positioning spring; 903. Extension component. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0052] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figure 1-15 As shown, a method for precision irrigation and sowing of crops includes the following steps:

[0053] S1. Fix the frame 1 on the carrier, such as a traditional tractor, and adjust the spacing between each material distribution tube 3 according to the sowing parameters of the row spacing.

[0054] S2. Place the seeds and water into the storage trough and water tank of frame 1 respectively to supply the raw materials;

[0055] S3. The carrier drives the frame 1 to move as a whole for cultivation. During sowing, the water storage tank delivers water to the metering component 2 through the pipeline. After being metered by the metering component 2, the corresponding amount of water is delivered to the cloth pipe 3. During sowing, the water is mixed with the seeds to form a water flow that sprays out, so that the water is distributed in the area around the seeds, thus completing the wetting of the soil around the seeds.

[0056] S4. During the process, water and seeds are continuously mixed and sprayed out to complete the overall sowing and irrigation operation. Specific Implementation Method Two

[0058] Combination Figure 1-15 As shown, a precision irrigation and seeding device for crops includes:

[0059] The frame 1 has two symmetrical support rails 101 in the middle. Multiple brackets 102 are installed on the support rails 101, and the brackets 102 can be moved along the length of the support rails 101. A metering component 2 is provided above the brackets 102. A feeding tube 3 is connected to a rotating shaft on one side of the bracket 102. The metering component 2 delivers a metered amount of liquid into the feeding tube 3 and discharges it from the outlet of the feeding tube 3, so that the liquid is distributed around the seed area. Multiple positioning holes are machined on one of the support rails 101, and corresponding fixing holes are provided on the brackets 102. The fixing holes are matched with the positioning holes at different positions, and a pin is inserted for fixation, so that the position can be adjusted. The operation is simple and convenient.

[0060] Preferred embodiments, in combination Figure 10-14 As shown, the fabric fitting 3 includes a tube 4 and a water storage pipe 5. The tube 4 has symmetrically arranged displacement channels 401 inside, the two displacement channels 401 being heart-shaped to allow space for the pipe to pass through. A supply channel 402 is symmetrically arranged on one side of the displacement channel 401, enabling the delivery of seeds and water. A pressurizing component 6 is installed above the displacement channel 401 to increase air pressure in the water storage pipe 5. The water storage pipe 5 is slidably connected to the outlet below the displacement channel 401. Two support springs 501 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the water storage pipe 5, contacting the tube 4, for supporting and positioning the water storage pipe 5. The displacement channel 401... The outlet has a circular channel with the same outer diameter as the water storage pipe 5, and the water storage pipe 5 is slidably connected to the circular channel. The metered amount of water and seeds are delivered to the water storage pipe 5 through the supply channel 402. The pressure member 6 pushes the water storage pipe 5 to overcome the elastic force of the support spring 501, and at the same time increases the air pressure inside. So that after reaching the designated position, the water and seeds inside are quickly ejected under the action of air pressure, achieving the effect of ejection. This allows the water to be distributed in the area around the seeds, achieving the coating of the seeds, ensuring the normal growth of the seeds, and reducing the use of water resources. Moreover, no secondary irrigation is required, and the irrigation operation can be completed during sowing, simplifying the construction process and improving work efficiency.

[0061] Preferred embodiments, in combination Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 15 As shown, a first volumetric cavity 403 is provided at the outlet of the tube 4. The first volumetric cavity 403 is located outside the displacement channel 401. The first volumetric cavity 403 has an upward-through liquid supply channel 404. A spray ring 405 is provided inside the first volumetric cavity 403. The spray ring 405 is in communication with the first volumetric cavity 403. Liquid is supplied to the inside of the first volumetric cavity 403 through the liquid supply channel 404. Water can be supplemented as needed during sowing. At the same time, this part can also be used as a separate part for adding nutrient solution. That is, when the water storage pipe 5 sprays out seeds and water, the spray ring 405 works simultaneously to apply a certain amount of nutrient solution to promote seed growth.

[0062] Preferred embodiments, in combination Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 and Figure 15 As shown, the spray ring 405 is uniformly provided with multiple water outlet holes 406. The spray ring 405 has a double-layer space inside, and each layer of space is connected to the corresponding number of water outlet holes 406. At the same time, the liquid supply channels 404 are arranged in pairs. Each liquid supply channel 404 is connected to one of the layers of space through a pipeline. By dividing the multiple water outlet holes 406 into two groups for operation, different operating modes can be realized. For example, when both groups of space are in water supply state, it is possible to choose whether to start one group or both groups to operate simultaneously according to the replenishment amount. It is also possible to supply water to one group of space and supply nutrient solution or other medicines to the other group. At this time, the first volume chamber 403 mainly provides installation space for the spray ring 405.

[0063] Preferred embodiments, in combination Figure 12 and Figure 13 As shown, a second volume chamber 407 is provided at the outlet of the tube 4. The second volume chamber 407 is located outside the first volume chamber 403. At the same time, the air intake of the second volume chamber 407 is located at the bottom surface of the displacement channel 401, at least flush with the bottom surface of the displacement channel 401, or lower than the bottom surface. The second volume chamber 407 has an air intake pipe 408 that communicates with the outside. The air intake pipe 408 is connected to a negative pressure device through a pipeline to generate adsorption of the air around the area of ​​the tube 4, so as to prevent dust from adhering to the spray ring 405 and causing adhesion and blockage. The air intake should be intermittent, that is, when the tube 4 is working, the operation is stopped.

[0064] The air inlet can also be used for air outlet operations. Since the air inlet of the second volume chamber 407 is basically a complete circular ring, by generating a horizontal airflow towards the center, the liquid can be blown towards the center when the spray ring 405 is in operation, so that the moisture is more concentratedly distributed around the seed.

[0065] Preferred embodiments, in combination Figure 12-13 As shown, the pressurizing component 6 includes a thrust component 601 and a sealing cap 602. The thrust component 601 is fixed above the displacement channel 401 and can be a small hydraulic cylinder. The sealing cap 602 is installed on the push rod of the thrust component 601. The sealing cap 602 is provided with an air inlet 603. The air inlet 603 is connected to a small air compressor through a pipeline. The sealing cap 602 is stepped. The thrust component 601 pushes the sealing cap 602 to engage with the top of the water storage pipe 5 and continues to push it to overcome the elastic force of the support spring 501. During the pushing process, air is pressurized inside. So when the water storage pipe 5 moves to the designated position, the water and seeds are quickly discharged through the instantaneous release of pressure, ensuring that they are successfully placed in the designated position and preventing the liquid from being too dispersed.

[0066] Preferred embodiments, in combination Figure 5-9 As shown, the metering components 2 are arranged in pairs. Each metering component 2 includes a housing 7 and a first turntable 8. A liquid inlet pipe 701 is provided on one side of the housing 7, connecting to a water storage tank. A bottom sealing ring 702 is provided at the bottom of the housing 7, with an outlet pipe connecting to the outside. A sealing ring 703 is provided in the middle of the housing 7, with its lower surface flush with the lower surface of the liquid inlet pipe 701. The first turntable 8 is connected to the housing 7 by a rotating shaft, on which a control motor is connected. Multiple adjustable-volume measuring cylinders 9 are provided on the first turntable 8, with their upper surfaces contacting the lower surface of the sealing ring 703. The surface of the discharge pipe of the measuring cylinder 9 contacts the upper surface of the bottom sealing ring 702, and sealing rings are installed at both ends to improve the sealing performance of the contact. The first turntable 8 is rotated by controlling the motor. When the measuring cylinder 9 is moved to the liquid inlet pipe 701, water flows into the measuring cylinder 9 and completes the quantitative storage after it is full. The structure is simple and stable and will not be affected by vibration during the movement, ensuring the accuracy of the water volume. Then it continues to rotate to the water outlet pipe of the bottom sealing ring 702 to complete the conveying operation. At the same time, the arrangement of multiple measuring cylinders 9 can realize the circulation of liquid supply. Each quantitative component 2 is connected to a supply channel 402.

[0067] Preferred embodiments, in combination Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, the bottom of the measuring cylinder 9 is symmetrically provided with guide posts 901, and a positioning spring 902 is sleeved on the guide post 901. The guide post 901 is provided with a slidingly connected extension part 903, which has multiple cylinders. The upper surface of the extension part 903 is connected to the positioning spring 902. The cylinders of the extension part 903 enter the interior of the measuring cylinder 9, realizing the change of storage volume. The design is ingenious. The surface of the guide post 901 is machined with threads, and the extension part 903 is pushed upward by rotating the nut for adjustment.

[0068] Preferred embodiments, in combination Figure 7 As shown, in order to achieve automatic volume adjustment, a lifting component 704 is installed at the lower middle part of the housing 7. The lifting component 704 includes a hydraulic cylinder 705 and a push ring 706. The bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 705 is fixed to the housing 7, and the push rod of the hydraulic cylinder 705 is fixedly connected to the push ring 706. The edge of the push ring 706 contacts the extension 903. By changing the height of the push ring 706 through the hydraulic cylinder 705, the position of the extension 903 can be adjusted without affecting the rotation of the first turntable 8. Adjustment can be achieved in the working state.

[0069] Preferred embodiments, in combination Figure 6As shown, a second hydraulic cylinder can be installed inside the housing 7. The push rod of the second hydraulic cylinder has a push plate with a diameter equal to the inner diameter of the measuring cylinder 9. When the discharge pipe of the measuring cylinder 9 is connected to the water outlet pipe of the bottom sealing ring 702 for drainage, the push plate is pushed along the inside of the measuring cylinder 9 by the second hydraulic cylinder to accelerate the discharge of liquid. However, after the volume is adjusted, the position of the cylinder needs to be considered.

[0070] Preferred embodiments, in combination Figure 3-4 As shown, the middle part of the tube 4 is connected to the bracket 102 through the elastic support member 10, which can realize the angular support of the tube 4.

[0071] Experimental Example 1

[0072] Combination Figure 16-23 As shown, this study on the effect of water on seeds was conducted at the Luancheng Agricultural Ecosystem Experimental Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, located in the North China Plain at 114°40′E, 37°50′N, at an altitude of 50.1m. It has a warm temperate semi-humid and semi-arid climate with an average annual precipitation of about 440mm. The seeds used were Dr. Stick 35C, the soil was alluvial brown soil, the field water holding capacity was 30%, the wilting coefficient was 12%, the sowing depth was 5cm, and the sowing density was 4500 plants / mu.

[0073]

[0074] Table 1

[0075] As shown in Table 1, the experiment set up 5 seed irrigation treatments: T1: 30ml, T2: 60ml, T3: 90ml, T4: 120ml, T5: 150ml. The backfill soil mass for each treatment was 12.5kg. The background soil moisture content was the soil moisture content after air drying (10.8%) to simulate the soil moisture level under extreme drought conditions. Each treatment had 5 control replicates: CK1, CK2, CK3, CK4 and CK5. Figure 16-18 The comparison of water content, soil temperature and potted plant quality after irrigation shows that the water content after irrigation in the potted plant experiment under different treatments increased slightly with the increase of irrigation amount, while the soil temperature did not change significantly. Figure 19 The dynamic changes in water content, soil temperature and potted plant quality after irrigation can be seen from the T5 curve, which shows the largest change in the early stage. All treatments gradually decrease over time, and by the 37th day after sowing, all treatments tend to be uniform. Figure 20 The dynamic changes in water content, soil temperature and potted plant quality after irrigation show that soil temperature is greatly affected by soil moisture and air humidity. Treatments with large amounts of water in the early stage generally have lower soil temperatures. In the end, after the water evaporates from all treatments, the soil temperatures tend to be the same. Figure 21The dynamic changes in soil moisture content, soil temperature, and potted plant mass after irrigation show that the potted plant mass, i.e., evaporation rate, increases with the amount of irrigation water in the early stages. As the time since sowing increases, the evaporation rate tends to become more consistent. Figure 22 The relationship between corn emergence period, emergence rate, and soil moisture content shows that the length of the emergence period, emergence rate, and survival rate are significantly correlated with soil moisture content. As root moisture content increases, the emergence period shortens. With an irrigation rate of 150 ml / seed and a soil moisture content of 10.8%–11%, the emergence time after sowing is 5–7 days, and both emergence and survival rates can reach 100%.

[0076] When the irrigation amount is 120ml / grain and the soil moisture content is in the range of 10.2% to 10.8%, the number of days after sowing is 7-9 days, and the emergence and survival rate can reach 100%.

[0077] When the irrigation amount is 90 ml / seed and the soil moisture content is in the range of 10.8% to 11%, the number of days after sowing is 9 to 19 days, the emergence rate is 80%, but the survival rate is only 40%.

[0078] Figure 23 The root length and seedling height of maize were measured 11 days after sowing under different irrigation levels. Treatments T5, T4, and T3 showed root lengths of 16cm, 10cm, and 6cm, respectively, with corresponding seedling heights of 8cm, 5cm, and 3cm. Experiments showed that for maize, 150ml of water per seed per injection is sufficient for growth in dry years and 120ml in humid years. Furthermore, for maize with a volumetric moisture content below 20%, 150ml of water is needed; 20-25%, 120ml; above 25%, 90ml; and above 30%, no water is required. Therefore, this technical solution allows for precise water addition during sowing, ensuring normal survival of maize, effectively avoiding water waste associated with traditional irrigation methods, improving water use efficiency and germination rate, and simplifying construction by allowing irrigation during sowing, thus increasing work efficiency and shortening farming time.

[0079] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A precision irrigation and seeding device for crops, characterized in that, include: The working steps of the frame (1) and the metering assembly (2) are as follows: S1. Fix the frame (1) on the carrier and adjust the spacing between each cloth pipe (3) according to the sowing parameters; S2. Place the seeds and water into the storage trough and water tank of the frame (1), respectively; S3. The carrier drives the frame (1) to move as a whole. During sowing, the metering component (2) delivers the corresponding water flow to the cloth pipe (3), forming a water spray during sowing, so that the water is distributed in the area around the seed; The frame (1) has two symmetrical support rails (101) in the middle. Multiple brackets (102) are installed on the support rails (101), and the brackets (102) can be moved along the length direction of the support rails (101). A metering component (2) is provided above the brackets (102). A feeding tube (3) is connected to one side of the bracket (102) by a rotating shaft. The metering component (2) delivers a metered amount of liquid into the feeding tube (3) and discharges it from the outlet of the feeding tube (3), so that the liquid is distributed in the area around the seed. The fabric fitting (3) includes a tube (4) and a water storage pipe (5); the tube (4) is symmetrically provided with displacement channels (401) inside, and a supply channel (402) is symmetrically provided on one side of the displacement channel (401); a pressure member (6) is provided above the displacement channel (401); the water storage pipe (5) is slidably connected to the outlet of the displacement channel (401), and two support springs (501) that contact the tube (4) are symmetrically provided at the bottom end of the water storage pipe (5); The quantitative components (2) are arranged in pairs. The quantitative components (2) include a box (7) and a first turntable (8). The box (7) has an inlet pipe (701) on one side, a bottom sealing ring (702) at the bottom of the box (7), and a sealing ring (703) in the middle of the box (7). The first turntable (8) is connected to the box (7) by a rotating shaft. The first turntable (8) has multiple adjustable volume storage cylinders (9). The bottom of the storage cylinder (9) is symmetrically provided with guide posts (901), and a positioning spring (902) is sleeved on the guide post (901). The guide post (901) is provided with a slidingly connected extension part (903). The upper surface of the extension part (903) is connected to the positioning spring (902). The extension part (903) enters the interior of the storage cylinder (9) through the extension part (903) to realize the change of storage volume.

2. The precision irrigation and seeding device for crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tube (4) has a first volume chamber (403) at its outlet. The first volume chamber (403) has an upward-through liquid supply channel (404). The first volume chamber (403) is provided with a spray ring (405).

3. The precision irrigation and seeding device for crops according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spray ring (405) is uniformly provided with a plurality of water outlet holes (406), and the spray ring (405) has a double-layer space inside, and each layer of the space is connected to the corresponding number of water outlet holes (406).

4. The precision irrigation and seeding device for crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tube (4) has a second volume chamber (407) at its outlet. The air inlet of the second volume chamber (407) is located at the bottom surface of the displacement channel (401). The second volume chamber (407) has an air inlet pipe (408) that communicates with the outside.

5. The precision irrigation and seeding device for crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurizing component (6) includes a thrust component (601) and a sealing cover (602); the thrust component (601) is fixed above the displacement channel (401), and the sealing cover (602) is installed on the push rod of the thrust component (601). The sealing cover (602) is provided with an air inlet (603) and the sealing cover (602) is stepped.

6. The precision irrigation and seeding device for crops according to claim 1, characterized in that: A lifting member (704) is provided at the lower middle part of the box (7). The lifting member (704) includes a hydraulic cylinder (705) and a push ring (706). The bottom of the hydraulic cylinder (705) is fixed on the box (7). The hydraulic cylinder (705) is fixedly connected to the push ring (706). The edge of the push ring (706) contacts the extension member (903).

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