Detection and classification method for repaired energy storage batteries

Abstract

The invention relates to detection and classification of energy storage batteries, in particular to a method for detecting and classifying repaired energy storage batteries. Comprising the following steps: 1, placing an energy storage battery in a rapid temperature change test box; 2, performing constant-current discharge on the battery; 3, performing the next step after the difference between the surface temperature of the battery and the environment temperature is less than 0.3 DEG C; 4, performing constant-voltage charging on the battery; 5, after the difference between the surface temperature of the battery and the environment temperature is less than 0.3 DEG C, carrying out the next step; 6, performing constant-current discharge on the battery; 7, setting the internal temperature of the test box to be 25 DEG C, and repeating the operations from the third to the sixth; 8, setting the internal temperature of the test box to be 50 DEG C, and repeating the operations from the third to the sixth; ninthly, the charging amount is averaged; and tenthly, classifying the batteries. According to the invention, which batteries can be continuously used under the original working condition after the performance is improved after the batteries are repaired is distinguished, and other batteries cannot be continuously used under the original working condition after the batteries are repaired.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to detection and classification of energy storage batteries, and in particular to a detection and classification method for repaired energy storage batteries. Background Art

[0002] Problems such as cycle capacity loss, increased internal resistance, internal short circuit, thermal runaway, etc. that occur during the use of energy storage batteries will lead to a decline in battery performance or even failure. Each energy storage battery pack is composed of multiple energy storage batteries connected in series and in parallel. Batteries with degraded performance in the battery pack will cause a significant decline in the charging and discharging performance of the entire battery pack, which is called the "barrel effect" in the field of battery application technology. Therefore, after a period of use, the energy storage battery pack needs to screen out the batteries with problems on the one hand, and classify and repair the batteries with problems on the other hand. The purpose of classification is to distinguish which batteries should be recycled directly and which batteries can be repaired. Batteries with improved performance after repair can be reused, and batteries whose performance cannot be improved after repair need to be reused or recycled. However, the detection and classification of repaired energy storage batteries still needs further improvement. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims at solving the defects in the prior art and provides a method for detecting and classifying repaired energy storage batteries.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions, including further classifying the repaired energy storage batteries into:

[0005] Step 1: Place the energy storage battery in a rapid temperature change test chamber, set the internal temperature of the test chamber to 0°C, and leave the battery in the rapid temperature change test chamber until the difference between the surface temperature and the ambient temperature in the test chamber is less than 0.3°C before proceeding to the next step;

[0006] Step 2: The battery is connected to an adjustable electronic load for constant current discharge. The discharge current is controlled at the current value of the 1C charge and discharge rate of the energy storage battery of this model, in units of A. During the discharge process, the battery voltage is detected. When the battery voltage drops to the discharge cut-off voltage U of the battery of this model, dc When the discharge stops; dc The unit is V;

[0007] Step 3: After the battery stops discharging, it is placed in a rapid temperature change test chamber until the difference between the surface temperature and the ambient temperature in the test chamber is less than 0.3°C before proceeding to the next step;

[0008] Step 4: Charge the battery at a constant voltage. The charging voltage is set to the charging cut-off voltage value U of the battery model. cc , U ccThe unit is V. During the charging process, the battery voltage, charging current, charging time and surface temperature are detected. When the charging current drops to 0.2% of the current value of the 1C charge and discharge rate of this type of energy storage battery, the charging is stopped and the charging capacity D of the battery at this temperature is calculated. x1 , where D x1 The unit is Wh, and the unit of charging current is A;

[0009] Step 5: After the battery stops charging, it is placed in the rapid temperature change test chamber until the difference between the surface temperature and the ambient temperature in the test chamber is less than 0.3°C before proceeding to the next step;

[0010] Step 6: The battery is connected to an adjustable electronic load for constant current discharge. The discharge current is controlled at the current value under the 1C charge and discharge rate of this type of energy storage battery. During the discharge process, the battery voltage, discharge current, discharge time and surface temperature are detected; when the battery voltage drops to the discharge cut-off voltage U of this type of battery, the battery voltage is reduced to the discharge cut-off voltage U of this type of battery. dc Stop discharging when the temperature reaches 0.05, and calculate the discharge capacity D of the battery at this temperature. f1 Among them, D f1 The unit is Wh, U dc The unit is V, and the unit of discharge current is A;

[0011] Step 7: Set the internal temperature of the test chamber to 25°C, repeat steps 3 to 6, and calculate the charge capacity D of the battery at this temperature. x2 and discharge capacity D f2 ; Among them, the charge amount D x2 and discharge capacity D f2 The unit is Wh;

[0012] Step 8: Set the internal temperature of the test chamber to 50°C, repeat steps 3 to 6, and calculate the charge capacity D of the battery at this temperature. x3 and discharge capacity D f3 ; Charge capacity D x3 and discharge capacity D f3 The unit is Wh;

[0013] Step 9: Take the average value of the battery charge at the three set temperatures and calculate the average charge D xa ; Take the average value of the battery discharge at three set temperatures and calculate the average discharge capacity D fa ; Average charge capacity D xa and average discharge capacity D fa The unit is Wh;

[0014] Step 10: Classify the batteries. The nominal capacity of this type of battery when it leaves the factory is D s ;D s The unit is Wh.

[0015] Furthermore, the specific method of classification in step 10 is:

[0016] (1) For the average charge capacity D xa Greater than or equal to 0.8D s And the average discharge capacity D fa Greater than or equal to 0.8D s The battery can continue to be used under the original working conditions;

[0017] (2) For the average charge capacity D xa Less than 0.8D s Or average discharge capacity D fa Less than 0.8D s The batteries need to be recycled;

[0018] (3) The maximum value of the battery surface temperature during discharge at the three set temperatures exceeds the discharge temperature rise threshold T of the battery model t The battery is directly recycled. The maximum value of the battery surface temperature during charging at the three set temperatures exceeds the charging temperature rise threshold T of this battery model. c of batteries are directly recycled; among them, T t With T c The unit is ℃.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has beneficial effects.

[0020] The present invention requires further classification of repaired energy storage batteries to distinguish which batteries have improved performance after repair to the point where they can continue to be used under the original working conditions, while other batteries cannot continue to be used under the original working conditions after repair. These batteries can only be used in cascades under working conditions with lower requirements for energy storage battery performance, so it is necessary to test the repaired batteries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the inspection and classification steps for repaired energy storage batteries.

[0023] Figure 2 It is the principle block diagram of the energy storage battery detection and repair system.

[0024] Figure 3 It is the schematic diagram of the CPU main control module and its peripheral circuits.

[0025] Figure 4 This is the schematic diagram of the current detection circuit.

[0026] Figure 5This is the schematic diagram of the voltage detection circuit.

[0027] Figure 6 This is the schematic diagram of the battery surface temperature detection circuit.

[0028] Figure 7 This is the schematic diagram of the ambient temperature detection circuit.

[0029] Figure 8 It is the schematic diagram of keyboard and LCD display circuit.

[0030] Fig. 9 It is the circuit schematic diagram of 485 communication circuit.

[0031] Fig.10 This is the circuit schematic diagram of the calendar clock circuit.

[0032] Fig.11 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the data storage circuit.

[0033] Fig.12 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the battery charging control circuit.

[0034] Fig.13 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the battery discharge control circuit.

[0035] Fig.14 It is the circuit schematic diagram of the battery internal resistance detection control circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0037] like Figure 1-14 As shown in the inspection and classification method for repaired energy storage batteries, energy storage batteries are electrochemical energy storage batteries, including lithium-ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries and lead-acid batteries. The method specifically includes: Step 1, placing the energy storage battery in a rapid temperature change test chamber, setting the internal temperature of the test chamber to 0°C, and leaving the battery in the rapid temperature change test chamber until the difference between the surface temperature and the ambient temperature in the test chamber is less than 0.3°C before proceeding to the next step;

[0038] Step 2: The battery is connected to an adjustable electronic load for constant current discharge. The discharge current is controlled at the current value of the 1C charge and discharge rate of the energy storage battery of this model, in units of A. During the discharge process, the battery voltage is detected. When the battery voltage drops to the discharge cut-off voltage U of the battery of this model, dc When the discharge stops; dc The unit is V;

[0039] Step 3: After the battery stops discharging, it is placed in a rapid temperature change test chamber until the difference between the surface temperature and the ambient temperature in the test chamber is less than 0.3°C before proceeding to the next step;

[0040] Step 4: Charge the battery at a constant voltage. The charging voltage is set to the charging cut-off voltage value U of the battery model. cc , U cc The unit is V. During the charging process, the battery voltage, charging current, charging time and surface temperature are detected. When the charging current drops to 0.2% of the current value of the 1C charge and discharge rate of this type of energy storage battery, the charging is stopped and the charging capacity D of the battery at this temperature is calculated. x1 , where D x1 The unit is Wh, and the unit of charging current is A;

[0041] Step 5: After the battery stops charging, it is placed in the rapid temperature change test chamber until the difference between the surface temperature and the ambient temperature in the test chamber is less than 0.3°C before proceeding to the next step;

[0042] Step 6: The battery is connected to an adjustable electronic load for constant current discharge. The discharge current is controlled at the current value under the 1C charge and discharge rate of this type of energy storage battery. During the discharge process, the battery voltage, discharge current, discharge time and surface temperature are detected; when the battery voltage drops to the discharge cut-off voltage U of this type of battery, the battery voltage is reduced to the discharge cut-off voltage U of this type of battery. dc Stop discharging when the temperature reaches 0.05, and calculate the discharge capacity D of the battery at this temperature. f1 Among them, D f1 The unit is Wh, U dc The unit is V, and the unit of discharge current is A;

[0043] Step 7: Set the internal temperature of the test chamber to 25°C, repeat steps 3 to 6, and calculate the charge capacity D of the battery at this temperature. x2 and discharge capacity D f2 ; Among them, the charge amount D x2 and discharge capacity D f2 The unit is Wh;

[0044] Step 8: Set the internal temperature of the test chamber to 50°C, repeat steps 3 to 6, and calculate the charge capacity D of the battery at this temperature. x3 and discharge capacity D f3 ; Charge capacity D x3 and discharge capacity D f3 The unit is Wh;

[0045] Step 9: Take the average value of the battery charge at the three set temperatures and calculate the average charge D xa ; Take the average value of the battery discharge at three set temperatures and calculate the average discharge capacity D fa; Average charge capacity D xa and average discharge capacity D fa The unit is Wh;

[0046] Step 10: Classify the batteries. The nominal capacity of this type of battery when it leaves the factory is D s ;D s The unit is Wh.

[0047] Furthermore, the specific method of classification in step 10 is:

[0048] (1) For the average charge capacity D xa Greater than or equal to 0.8D s And the average discharge capacity D fa Greater than or equal to 0.8D s The battery can continue to be used under the original working conditions;

[0049] (2) For the average charge capacity D xa Less than 0.8D s Or average discharge capacity D fa Less than 0.8D s The batteries need to be recycled;

[0050] (3) The maximum value of the battery surface temperature during discharge at the three set temperatures exceeds the discharge temperature rise threshold T of the battery model t The battery is directly recycled. The maximum value of the battery surface temperature during charging at the three set temperatures exceeds the charging temperature rise threshold T of this battery model. c of batteries are directly recycled; among them, T t With T c The unit is ℃.

[0051] Among them, the specific implementation method for energy storage battery repair is:

[0052] Step 1. Place the battery in a rapid temperature change test chamber, set the internal temperature of the test chamber to 25°C, and let the battery stand in the rapid temperature change test chamber until the difference between the surface temperature and the ambient temperature in the test chamber is less than 0.3°C before proceeding to the next step. Step 2. Connect the battery to an adjustable electronic load for constant current discharge. The discharge current is controlled at the current value (unit A) at the 0.8C charge and discharge rate of this type of energy storage battery. During the discharge process, the battery voltage is detected, and the discharge is stopped when the battery voltage drops to the discharge cut-off voltage Udc (unit V) of this type of battery. Step 3. After the battery stops discharging, let the battery stand in the rapid temperature change test chamber until the difference between the surface temperature and the ambient temperature in the test chamber is less than 0.3°C. Use a battery internal resistance tester to measure the internal resistance of the energy storage battery for the first time. The measured battery internal resistance is R n(n is the number of times the battery internal resistance is measured during the repair process, and n=1 for the first measurement). Step 4: Use a battery repair charging method to repair and charge the energy storage battery (a three-stage trapezoidal pulse voltage repair charging method is used in the present invention). During the repair process, the battery is placed in a rapid temperature change test box, and the internal temperature of the test box is set to 25°C. During the battery repair process, the battery surface temperature is kept under detection. If the maximum battery surface temperature during the repair process exceeds the charging temperature rise threshold T of the battery model, the battery surface temperature is set to 25°C. c (Unit: °C), the repair of the battery is stopped and the battery is directly recycled. Step 5. After completing this round of repair, the battery is placed in a rapid temperature change test chamber until the difference between the surface temperature and the ambient temperature in the test chamber is less than 0.3°C before proceeding to the next step. Step 6. The energy storage battery is discharged through an adjustable electronic load. During the discharge process, the battery is placed in a rapid temperature change test chamber. The internal temperature of the test chamber is set to 25°C. The discharge current is controlled at the current value (unit A) at a charge and discharge rate of 0.8C for this type of energy storage battery. During the discharge process, the battery voltage is detected. When the battery voltage drops to the discharge cut-off voltage U of this type of battery, dc Step 7: After the battery stops discharging, it is placed in a rapid temperature change test chamber until the difference between the surface temperature and the ambient temperature in the test chamber is less than 0.3°C. The internal resistance of the energy storage battery is measured again using a battery internal resistance tester. The measured internal resistance of the battery is R n+1 Step 8: If the battery internal resistance R is measured again n+1 Greater than 0.9R n , the battery repair is completed. If the battery internal resistance R n+1 Less than or equal to 0.9R n , then it is necessary to repeat the above steps 4 to 8. Each time it is repeated, the value of n increases by 1 until the battery internal resistance R n+1 >0.9R n (R n+1 is the internal resistance of the battery measured this time, R n is the battery internal resistance measured last time), the repair of the battery is completed.

[0053] Among them, the detection and classification method of the repaired energy storage battery and the specific implementation method of the energy storage battery repair are based on the energy storage battery detection and repair system including: CPU main control module (i.e. CPU circuit), current detection circuit, voltage detection circuit, battery surface temperature detection circuit, ambient temperature detection circuit, battery charging control circuit, battery discharge control circuit, battery internal resistance detection control circuit, keyboard and liquid crystal display circuit, 485 communication circuit, calendar clock circuit, data storage circuit.

[0054] The CPU main control module is respectively connected to the current detection circuit, voltage detection circuit, battery surface temperature detection circuit, ambient temperature detection circuit, battery charging control circuit, battery discharging control circuit, battery internal resistance detection control circuit, keyboard and liquid crystal display circuit, 485 communication circuit, calendar clock circuit, and data storage circuit.

[0055] The current detection circuit is connected to the current sensor, and the current sensor is used to detect the current of the energy storage battery.

[0056] The voltage detection circuit is connected to the Hall voltage sensor.

[0057] The ambient temperature detection circuit is connected to the ambient temperature sensor, which is used to detect the temperature inside the rapid temperature change test chamber. During the operation of the detection and repair system, some steps need to wait until the difference between the battery temperature and the ambient temperature is less than a certain set temperature difference threshold before they can be performed. The battery is placed in a rapid temperature change test chamber, so it is necessary to detect the temperature inside the rapid temperature change test chamber.

[0058] The battery surface temperature detection circuit is connected to the battery temperature sensor, which is used to detect the battery surface temperature. In the detection and repair system, it is necessary to detect whether the temperature rise value of the battery exceeds the temperature rise threshold during the charging and discharging process, so as to judge the performance of the battery, so it is necessary to detect the battery surface temperature. The battery discharge control circuit is connected to the battery and the programmable DC electronic load respectively, and is used to control the connection and disconnection between the positive and negative poles of the battery and the positive and negative poles of the programmable DC electronic load port. The battery internal resistance detection control circuit is connected to the battery and the battery internal resistance tester respectively, and is used to connect and disconnect between the positive and negative poles of the battery and the positive and negative poles of the battery internal resistance tester test port. The battery charging control circuit is connected to the battery and the programmable DC power supply respectively, and is used to control the connection and disconnection between the positive and negative poles of the programmable DC power supply charging port and the positive and negative poles of the battery.

[0059] Furthermore, the battery is placed at the center of a rapid temperature change test box, and the power lines and signal lines entering the rapid temperature change test box pass through a dedicated channel on the side of the rapid temperature change test box; the temperature sensor for measuring the surface temperature of the battery is fixed on the surface of the battery and does not contact the wall of the rapid temperature change test box: for square batteries and soft-pack batteries, the temperature sensor is fixed at the center of the side with the largest surface area of ​​the battery; for cylindrical batteries, the temperature sensor is fixed on the cylindrical surface, and the fixed point is equidistant from the positive and negative poles of the battery; the temperature sensor for measuring the ambient temperature is fixed in a hollow position inside the rapid temperature change test box, and the temperature sensor can neither contact the wall of the rapid temperature change test box nor the battery surface.

[0060] Furthermore, the current detection circuit includes a dual operational amplifier CA1, wherein the dual operational amplifier CA1 is LM358; (the dual operational amplifier CA1 includes two parts CA1A and CA1B) wherein pin 4 of CA1 is grounded, and pin 8 is connected to a +5V power supply; pin 2 of CA1 is grounded through a resistor R7, and pin 2 of CA1 is also connected to pin 1 of CA1 through a resistor R8; pin 1 of CA1 is connected to a CPU main control module through a resistor R9 (specifically connected to pin 27 of MM32F3273E7PV;) one end of the resistor R9 connected to the CPU main control module is connected to a parallel branch, which includes capacitors C13 and a voltage regulator connected in parallel. Diode D5 and diode D6, the first common ends of the three are connected to resistor R9, and the second common ends of the three are grounded; pin 6 of CA1 is connected to pin 7 and pin 3 respectively, and pin 5 of CA1 is connected to the current sensor through a series branch composed of resistors R4 and R6. The end of resistor R4 connected to the current sensor is grounded through capacitor C11, and the end of resistor R4 connected to resistor R6 is also grounded through resistor R5; the end of resistor R6 connected to CA1 is also grounded through capacitor C12; the end of resistor R6 connected to CA1 is also connected to the anode of diode D3 and the cathode of diode D4 respectively, the cathode of diode D3 is connected to the +5V power supply, and the anode of diode D4 is grounded.

[0061] The working principle of the current detection circuit is as follows: the detected charging current outputs a voltage signal 1 in the range of 0-5V in proportion through the Hall current sensor U2, and the voltage signal 1 is stabilized by the capacitor C11. The voltage signal 1 is divided by resistors R4 and R5 to become a voltage signal 2 in the range of 0-3V. The voltage signal 2 is filtered by resistor R6 and capacitor C12, and then clamped by diodes D3 and D4 to make the voltage signal not lower than 0V and not higher than 5V. The voltage signal 2 is converted into a voltage signal 3 through a voltage follower circuit composed of an operational discharger CA1B, and the voltage follower circuit realizes signal isolation and improves the signal's load capacity. The voltage signal 3 is converted into a voltage signal 4 through an operational amplifier circuit composed of an operational discharger CA1A, R7 and R8, so that the voltage signal changes from a range of 0-3V to a range of 0-3.3V. The voltage signal 4 is filtered by resistor R9 and capacitor C13, and then clamped by voltage stabilizing diode D5 and diode D6, so that the voltage signal is not less than 0 V and not more than 3.3 V. The voltage signal 4 is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion interface of the CPU main control module.

[0062] Furthermore, the voltage detection circuit includes a dual operational amplifier CA2, wherein the dual operational amplifier CA2 is LM358; (the dual operational amplifier CA2 includes two parts CA2A and CA2B) wherein the 4th pin of CA2 is connected to a -15V power supply, and the 8th pin is connected to a +15V power supply; the 2nd pin of CA2 is grounded through resistors R12 and R13 connected in series, and the 2nd pin of CA2 is also connected to the 1st pin of CA2 through a resistor R14; the common connection point of the resistor R12 and the resistor R13 is connected to the Hall voltage sensor; the 1st pin of CA2 is connected to the 6th pin of CA2 through a resistor R17, and the Pin 6 is connected to pin 7 of CA2 through resistor R18, and pin 7 of CA2 is connected to the CPU main control module through two resistors R21 and R22 connected in series (specifically connected to pin 24 of MM32F3273E7PV;) the common connection point of resistor R21 and resistor R22 is grounded through capacitor C14, and the end of resistor R22 connected to the CPU main control module is grounded through a parallel branch composed of diodes D7 and D18; pin 5 of CA2 is grounded through a parallel branch composed of resistor R19 and resistor R20, and pin 3 of CA2 is grounded through a parallel branch composed of resistor R15 and resistor R16.

[0063] The working principle of the voltage detection circuit is as follows: the detected battery voltage (voltage range 0-50V) is converted into a current signal 1 in the range of 0-10mA through R10 and R11. The current signal 1 is converted into a current signal 2 in the range of 0-25mA through the Hall voltage sensor U3. The current signal 2 is converted into a voltage signal 5 in the range of 0-3V through the resistor R12. The voltage signal 5 is converted into an inverted 0-(-3.3V) voltage signal 6 through the inverting operational amplifier circuit composed of the operational discharger CA2A, R13, R14, R15 and R16, and the voltage signal 6 is converted into a non-inverted 0-3.3V voltage signal 7 through the inverting operational amplifier circuit composed of the operational discharger CA2B, R17, R18, R19 and R20. The voltage signal 7 is filtered through the resistor-capacitor circuit composed of resistors R21, R22 and capacitor C14, and then the voltage signal 7 is clamped through the voltage stabilizing diode D7 and the diode D18, so that the voltage signal is not lower than 0V and not higher than 3.3V. The voltage signal 7 is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion interface of the CPU main control module.

[0064] Further, the battery surface temperature detection circuit includes a dual operational amplifier CA3, wherein the dual operational amplifier CA3 is LM358; (the dual operational amplifier CA3 includes two parts CA3A and CA3B;) wherein, pin 4 of CA3 is grounded, and pin 8 is connected to a +5V power supply; pin 2 of CA3 is connected to pin 1 of CA3, pin 1 of CA3 is connected to pin 6 of CA3 through resistor R25, and pin 6 of CA3 is connected to pin 7 of CA3 through resistor R26; pin 7 of CA3 is connected to a CPU main control module through resistor R27 (specifically connected to pin 23 of MM32F3273E7PV;) one end of resistor R27 connected to the CPU main control module is connected to a parallel branch, and the parallel branch includes capacitors C17, voltage regulator diode D10, and diode D11 connected in parallel, the first common end of the three is connected to resistor R27, and the second common end of the three is grounded; After resistor R23 and resistor R24 ​​are connected in series, the common end is connected to pin 3 of CA3, the free end of resistor R23 is connected to +5V, and the free end of resistor R24 ​​is grounded; pin 5 of CA3 is connected to pin 1 of dual operational amplifier CA5 through resistor R59, and pin 5 of CA3 is also grounded through resistor R60; the model of dual operational amplifier CA5 is LM358; pin 4 of CA5 is grounded, and pin 8 is connected to +5V power supply; pin 2 of CA5 is connected to pin 1 of CA5, and pin 3 of CA5 is connected to the battery temperature sensor through resistor R29 (the battery temperature sensor adopts PT1000 platinum thermal resistor), the first end of resistor R29 is grounded through capacitor C15, and the second end of resistor R29 is grounded through capacitor C16; after the anode of diode D8 is connected to the cathode of diode D9, the common connection point is connected to pin 3 of CA5; the cathode of diode D8 is connected to the +5V power supply, and the anode of diode D9 is grounded.

[0065] The working principle of the battery surface temperature detection circuit is as follows: a +5V reference voltage source 1 is generated through the reference voltage source chip U4, and the +5V reference voltage source 1 supplies power to the resistor R28 and the platinum resistance temperature sensor PE1 connected in series, and a voltage signal 8 corresponding to the detected battery surface temperature is obtained from PE1 (the battery surface temperature range in this system is 0-90°C, and the output voltage signal range corresponding to PE1 is 2.5-2.9V). The voltage signal 8 is filtered by capacitor C15, capacitor C16 and resistor R29, and then the voltage signal 8 is clamped by diodes D8 and D9, so that the voltage signal is not lower than 0V and not higher than 5V. Then the voltage signal 8 is converted into a voltage signal 9 through a voltage follower circuit formed by an operational discharger CA5A, and the voltage follower circuit realizes signal isolation and improves the signal's carrying capacity. The +5V reference voltage source 1 generates a 2.5V voltage signal through the voltage divider of resistors R23 and R24. The 2.5V voltage signal is isolated and improved by the voltage follower circuit formed by the operational discharger CA3A. The voltage signal 9 is subtracted from the 2.5V voltage signal by the operational amplifier circuit composed of the operational discharger CA3B, R25, R26, R59 and R60, and then amplified to output the voltage signal 10. The voltage signal 10 is filtered by the resistor R27 and the capacitor C17, and then clamped by the voltage zener diode D10 and the diode D11, so that the voltage signal is not less than 0V and not higher than 3.3V. The voltage signal 10 is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion interface of the CPU main control module.

[0066] Furthermore, the ambient temperature detection circuit includes a dual operational amplifier CA4, wherein the dual operational amplifier CA4 is LM358; (the dual operational amplifier CA4 includes two parts CA4A and CA4B;) wherein, pin 4 of CA4 is grounded, and pin 8 is connected to a +5V power supply; pin 2 of CA4 is connected to pin 1 of CA4, pin 1 of CA4 is connected to pin 6 of CA4 through a resistor R32, and pin 6 of CA4 is connected to pin 7 of CA4 through a resistor R33; pin 7 of CA4 is connected to a CPU main control module through a resistor R34 (specifically connected to pin 22 of MM32F3273E7PV;) one end of the resistor R34 connected to the CPU main control module is connected to a parallel branch, which includes capacitors C21, a voltage-stabilizing diode D14, and a diode D15 connected in parallel, and the first common terminal of the three Connected to resistor R34, the second common end of the three is grounded; after resistor R30 and resistor R31 are connected in series, the series common end is connected to pin 3 of CA4, the free end of resistor R30 is connected to +5V, and the free end of resistor R31 is grounded; pin 5 of CA4 is connected to pin 7 of CA5 through resistor R61, and pin 7 of CA5 is connected to pin 6; resistor R61 is also grounded through resistor R62; after the anode of diode 12 is connected to the cathode of diode 13, the common connection point is connected to pin 5 of CA5; the cathode of diode D12 is connected to the +5V power supply, and the anode of diode D13 is grounded; pin 5 of CA5 is also connected to the ambient temperature sensor through resistor R36 (the ambient temperature sensor adopts PT1000 platinum thermal resistor), the first end of resistor R36 is grounded through capacitor C19, and the second end of resistor R36 is grounded through capacitor C20.

[0067] The working principle of the ambient temperature detection circuit is as follows: a +5V reference voltage source 2 is generated through the reference voltage source chip U5, and the +5V reference voltage source 2 is powered by the resistor R35 and the platinum resistance temperature sensor PE2 connected in series, and a voltage signal 11 corresponding to the detected ambient temperature is obtained from PE2 (the ambient temperature detection circuit in this system is used to detect the temperature inside the rapid temperature change test box. The temperature setting range of the rapid temperature change test box in the system is 0-50°C, and the output voltage signal range corresponding to PE2 is 2.5-2.72V). The voltage signal 11 is filtered by capacitor C19, capacitor C20 and resistor R36, and then the voltage signal 11 is clamped by diodes D12 and D13, so that the voltage signal is not lower than 0V and not higher than 5V. Then the voltage signal 11 is converted into a voltage signal 12 through a voltage follower circuit composed of an operational discharger CA5B, and the voltage follower circuit realizes signal isolation and improves the signal's load capacity. The +5V reference voltage source 2 generates a 2.5V voltage signal through the voltage division of resistors R30 and R31. The 2.5V voltage signal is isolated and the signal carrying capacity is improved by the voltage follower circuit formed by the operational discharger CA4A. The voltage signal 12 is subtracted from the 2.5V voltage signal by the operational amplifier circuit formed by the operational discharger CA4B, R32, R33, R61 and R62, and then the voltage signal 13 is output. The voltage signal 13 is filtered by the resistor R34 and the capacitor C21, and then the voltage signal 13 is clamped by the voltage stabilizing diode D14 and the diode D15, so that the voltage signal is not less than 0V and not higher than 3.3V. The voltage signal 13 is connected to the analog-to-digital conversion interface of the CPU main control module.

[0068] Furthermore, the battery charging control circuit includes an isolated power module P3, an optical coupler U11, an electromagnetic relay REL1, and an electromagnetic relay REL2; the input end of the isolated power module P3 is connected to a 24V DC power supply through an isolation transformer LDM1, and a first π-type LC filter branch is provided between the input end of the isolated power module P3 and the isolation transformer LDM1; the first π-type LC filter branch includes an inductor L3, a polarized capacitor E9 connected to a first end of the inductor L3, and a capacitor C33 connected to a second end of the inductor, the three forming a π-type branch, and the polarized capacitor E9 is connected in parallel with the capacitor C3 2, capacitor C33 is connected in parallel with polarized capacitor E10; pin 4 of isolated power module P3 is connected to pin 8 and pin 6 of optocoupler U11 respectively through inductor L4, and pin 3 of isolated power module P3 is connected to pin 2 of electromagnetic relay REL1 and pin 2 of electromagnetic relay REL2 respectively through inductor L5; a polarized capacitor is connected to both sides of inductor L4 and inductor L5, wherein the positive electrode of polarized capacitor E11 is connected to the first end of inductor L4, and the negative electrode of polarized capacitor E11 is connected to the first end of inductor L5; the positive electrode of polarized capacitor E12 is connected to the second end of inductor L4, and the negative electrode of polarized capacitor E12 is connected to the first end of inductor L5; the positive electrode of polarized capacitor E13 is connected to the second end of inductor L4, and the negative electrode of polarized capacitor E13 is connected to the first end of inductor L5; the positive electrode of polarized capacitor E14 is connected to the second end of inductor L4, and the negative electrode of polarized capacitor E14 is connected to the first end of inductor L5; the positive electrode of polarized capacitor E15 is connected to the second end of inductor L4, and the negative electrode of polarized capacitor E16 is connected to the second end of inductor L4. The negative electrode of capacitor E12 is connected to the second end of inductor L5; pin 1 of optocoupler U11 is connected to +3.3V power supply through resistor R53, pin 3 of optocoupler U11 is connected to +3.3V power supply through resistor R54, pin 2 of optocoupler U11 is connected to CPU main control module (specifically connected to pin 39 of MM32F3273E7PV); pin 4 of optocoupler U11 is connected to CPU main control module (specifically connected to pin 38 of MM32F3273E7PV); pin 5 of optocoupler U11 is connected to pin 1 of electromagnetic relay REL2, and pin 7 of optocoupler U11 is connected to electromagnetic relay R Pin 1 of electromagnetic relay REL1 is connected, and pins 6 and 8 of optocoupler U11 are both connected to the second end of inductor L4 of isolated power module P3; pin 2 of electromagnetic relay REL1 and pin 2 of electromagnetic relay REL2 are both connected to the second end of inductor L5 of isolated power module P3; pin 3 of electromagnetic relay REL1 is connected to the positive pole of the programmable DC power supply charging port, and pin 3 of electromagnetic relay REL2 is connected to the negative pole of the programmable DC power supply charging port; pin 4 of electromagnetic relay REL1 is connected to pin 2 of current transformer U2, and pin 4 of electromagnetic relay REL2 is connected to pin 1 of current transformer U2. (The charging current needs to be detected by the current transformer U2. In the circuit diagram, the 1st pin of the external device interface PE4 is connected to the positive pole of the programmable DC power supply charging port. The current in the circuit first passes through the 3rd and 4th pins of REL1, and then the 4th pin of REL1 is connected to the 2nd pin of the current transformer U2. That is, the current flows into the 2nd pin of the current transformer U2 and flows out from the 1st pin of the current transformer U2. The 1st pin of the current transformer U2 is then connected to the 3rd pin of the external device interface PE4.)

[0069] Specifically, the model of the isolated power module P3 is HLK-10D2424B, the model of the optocoupler U11 is TLP521, and the models of the electromagnetic relays REL1 and REL2 are both T90-24VDC-TL-A-40A.

[0070] The working principle of the battery charging control circuit is as follows: Pins 1 and 3 of the optocoupler U11 are pulled up to 3.3V through resistors R53 and R54 respectively, and pins 2 and 4 of the optocoupler U11 are connected to pins 39 and 38 of the MM32F3273E7PV respectively. When the system does not charge the battery, pins 39 and 38 of the MM32F3273E7PV output a high level, and the control end of the optocoupler U11 is not turned on. When the system charges the battery, pins 39 and 38 of the MM32F3273E7PV output a low level, and the two control ends of the optocoupler U11 are turned on, making pins 8 and 7 of the optocoupler U11 turned on, and pins 6 and 5 of the optocoupler U11 turned on. Then the internal coils of the electromagnetic relays REL1 and REL2 are powered on, and the normally open contacts corresponding to the electromagnetic relays REL1 and REL2 are closed. The positive pole of the program-controlled DC power supply charging port is connected to the positive pole of the battery through the closed contact of REL1 and the primary side of the current transformer U2 in the circuit. The negative pole of the program-controlled DC power supply charging port is connected to the negative pole of the battery through the closed contact of REL2.

[0071] Furthermore, the battery discharge control circuit includes that pin 1 of the optocoupler U12 is connected to a +3.3V power supply through a resistor R55, pin 3 of the optocoupler U12 is connected to a +3.3V power supply through a resistor R56, pin 2 of the optocoupler U12 is connected to the CPU main control module (specifically connected to pin 37 of MM32F3273E7PV;) pin 4 of the optocoupler U12 is connected to the CPU main control module (specifically connected to pin 36 of MM32F3273E7PV;) pin 5 of the optocoupler U12 is connected to pin 1 of the electromagnetic relay REL4, and pin 7 of the optocoupler U12 is connected to the electric Pin 1 of the magnetic relay REL3 is connected, and pins 6 and 8 of the optocoupler U12 are both connected to the second end of the inductor L4 of the isolation power module P3; pin 2 of the electromagnetic relay REL3 and pin 2 of the electromagnetic relay REL4 are both connected to the second end of the inductor L5 of the isolation power module P3; pin 3 of the electromagnetic relay REL3 is connected to the positive pole of the battery, and pin 3 of the electromagnetic relay REL4 is connected to the negative pole of the battery; pin 4 of the electromagnetic relay REL3 is connected to the positive pole of the programmable DC electronic load, and pin 4 of the electromagnetic relay REL4 is connected to the negative pole of the programmable DC electronic load.

[0072] The working principle of the battery discharge control circuit is as follows: Pins 1 and 3 of the optocoupler U12 are pulled up to 3.3V through resistors R55 and R56 respectively, and pins 2 and 4 of the optocoupler U12 are connected to pins 37 and 36 of the MM32F3273E7PV respectively. When the battery does not discharge the programmable DC electronic load, pins 37 and 36 of the MM32F3273E7PV output a high level, and the control end of the optocoupler U12 is not turned on. When the battery discharges the programmable DC electronic load, pins 37 and 36 of the MM32F3273E7PV output a low level, and the two control ends of the optocoupler U12 are turned on, making pins 8 and 7 of the optocoupler U12 turned on, and pins 6 and 5 of the optocoupler U12 turned on. Then the internal coils of the electromagnetic relays REL3 and REL4 are powered on, and the normally open contacts corresponding to the electromagnetic relays REL3 and REL4 are closed. The positive electrode of the battery is connected to the positive electrode of the program-controlled DC electronic load port through the closed contact of REL3, and the negative electrode of the battery is connected to the negative electrode of the program-controlled DC electronic load port through the closed contact of REL4.

[0073] Furthermore, the battery internal resistance detection control circuit includes that pin 1 of the optocoupler U13 is connected to a +3.3V power supply through a resistor R57, pin 3 of the optocoupler U13 is connected to a +3.3V power supply through a resistor R58, pin 2 of the optocoupler U13 is connected to a CPU main control module (specifically connected to pin 35 of MM32F3273E7PV;) pin 4 of the optocoupler U13 is connected to a CPU main control module (specifically connected to pin 34 of MM32F3273E7PV;) pin 5 of the optocoupler U13 is connected to pin 1 of an electromagnetic relay REL6, pin 7 of the optocoupler U13 is connected to pin 1 of an electromagnetic relay REL5, and pins 6 and 8 of the optocoupler U13 are both connected to the second end of the inductor L4 of the isolation power module P3;

[0074] Pin 2 of the electromagnetic relay REL5 and pin 2 of the electromagnetic relay REL6 are both connected to the second end of the inductor L5 of the isolation power module P3;

[0075] The 3rd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL5 is connected to the positive pole of the battery, and the 3rd pin of the electromagnetic relay REL6 is connected to the negative pole of the battery;

[0076] The 4th pin of the electromagnetic relay REL5 is connected to the positive pole of the test port of the battery internal resistance tester, and the 4th pin of the electromagnetic relay REL6 is connected to the negative pole of the test port of the battery internal resistance tester.

[0077] The working principle of the battery internal resistance detection control circuit is as follows: Pins 1 and 3 of the optocoupler U13 are pulled up to 3.3V through resistors R57 and R58 respectively, and pins 2 and 4 of the optocoupler U13 are connected to pins 35 and 34 of the MM32F3273E7PV respectively. When the battery internal resistance tester does not detect the internal resistance of the battery, pins 35 and 34 of the MM32F3273E7PV output a high level, and the control end of the optocoupler U13 is not turned on. When the battery internal resistance tester detects the internal resistance of the battery, pins 35 and 34 of the MM32F3273E7PV output a low level, and the two control ends of the optocoupler U13 are turned on, making pins 8 and 7 of the optocoupler U13 turned on, and pins 6 and 5 of the optocoupler U13 turned on. Then the internal coils of the electromagnetic relays REL5 and REL6 are powered on, and the normally open contacts corresponding to the electromagnetic relays REL5 and REL6 are closed. The positive electrode of the battery is connected to the positive electrode of the test port of the battery internal resistance tester through the closed contact of REL5, and the negative electrode of the battery is connected to the negative electrode of the test port of the battery internal resistance tester through the closed contact of REL6.

[0078] Specifically, the main components and equipment information are as follows: The CPU uses a 32-bit microcontroller produced by Shanghai Lingdong Microelectronics Co., Ltd., model MM32F3273E7PV. The current sensor uses a high-precision perforated Hall DC current transmitter produced by Hangzhou Miko Sensing Technology Co., Ltd., model MIK-DJI-10A-V1-B4, with an accuracy level of 0.2 and an output voltage signal of 0 to 5V. The voltage sensor uses a closed-loop Hall voltage sensor produced by Bell Technology Co., Ltd., model CLSM-10MA, with an output current signal of 0 to 25mA. The temperature sensor uses a thin-film platinum resistance temperature sensor produced by Wuxi Zhongce Sensor Technology Co., Ltd., model PT1000, with a temperature detection range of -200℃ to +600℃ and a temperature detection accuracy of 0.1℃. The LCD screen module uses a 128×128 dot matrix low-power LCD screen produced by Shenzhen Jinglianxun Electronics Co., Ltd., model JLX128128G-939-BN. The 24V power isolation module uses the product produced by Shenzhen Hailingke Electronics Co., Ltd., model HLK-10D2424B. The relay uses the large-load normally open electromagnetic relay produced by Donghai County Tongling Electric Co., Ltd., model T90-24VDC-TL-A-40A, with a maximum load current of 40A.

[0079] The programmable DC power supply uses the programmable DC power supply produced by Apex Power Supply (Suzhou) Co., Ltd., model ADG-L-115-90, with an output voltage range of 0 to 115V, an output current range of 0 to 90A, a maximum output power of 10kW, and two power supply modes of constant voltage and constant current, with remote control function and RS485 interface. The battery internal resistance tester uses the high-precision battery internal resistance tester produced by Changzhou Tonghui Electronics Co., Ltd., model TH2523, with impedance test accuracy of 0.1%, impedance resolution of 1μΩ, impedance test range of 1μΩ to 3.5kΩ, test speed of 50 times / second, remote control function, RS485, RS232 and other interfaces. The programmable DC electronic load uses the multi-channel programmable DC electronic load produced by Enzhi (Shanghai) Measurement and Control Technology Co., Ltd., model N61102-150-120, with four working modes of constant voltage, constant current, constant power and constant load, with remote control function and RS485 interface. The rapid temperature change test chamber uses the rapid temperature change test chamber produced by Guangzhou Spike Environmental Instrument Co., Ltd., model QTH0270W15, with an internal nominal volume of 225 liters and a temperature control range of -70 to +150°C. In the temperature range of -55 to +70°C, the average temperature rise rate and the average temperature drop rate are both 15°C / min.

[0080] The principle of the circuit system is as follows: when the system is working, first manually set the internal temperature of the rapid temperature change test box, wait for the battery to stand in the rapid temperature change test box until the difference between the surface temperature and the ambient temperature in the test box is less than the set temperature difference threshold, and then proceed to the next step. The surface temperature of the battery is detected by the temperature sensor fixed on the surface of the battery and the battery surface temperature detection circuit, and the ambient temperature in the test box is detected by the temperature sensor fixed in the hollow position of the rapid temperature change test box and the ambient temperature detection circuit. Then the battery is discharged through the battery discharge control circuit and the programmable DC electronic load. The CPU main control module controls the working mode and working parameters of the programmable DC electronic load through the 485 communication circuit, and controls the connection and disconnection between the programmable DC electronic load port and the positive and negative poles of the battery through the battery discharge control circuit. The battery voltage is detected during the discharge process, and the discharge stops when the battery voltage drops to the set cut-off voltage. The CPU main control module detects the battery voltage through the Hall voltage sensor and the voltage detection circuit. After the battery discharge is completed, the CPU main control module reads the battery internal resistance value detected by the battery internal resistance tester through the 485 communication circuit, and controls the connection and disconnection between the test port of the battery internal resistance tester and the positive and negative poles of the battery through the battery internal resistance detection control circuit. Then the battery is repaired and charged through the programmable DC power supply. The CPU main control module controls the working mode and working parameters of the programmable DC power supply through the 485 communication circuit, and controls the connection and disconnection between the programmable DC power supply charging port and the positive and negative poles of the battery through the battery charging control circuit, and realizes high-precision detection of the charging current through the current sensor and current detection circuit. The CPU main control module controls the operation of peripheral devices according to the needs of different detection modes and repair modes, calculates the battery's charging capacity, discharge capacity, coulomb efficiency and other parameter values, and diagnoses and classifies the battery.

[0081] Among them, the functions and effects of each circuit are: the current detection circuit is used to accurately detect the charging current of the battery, and the voltage detection circuit is used to accurately detect the voltage of the battery. The charging amount obtained by the battery during the charging process can be calculated through the charging current value and the battery voltage value.

[0082] The battery surface temperature detection circuit is used to detect the battery surface temperature, and the ambient temperature detection circuit is used to detect the temperature inside the rapid temperature change test chamber. Since some steps in the detection and repair process need to wait for the difference between the battery temperature and the ambient temperature to be less than a certain set temperature difference threshold before they can be performed, it is necessary to detect the battery temperature value and the ambient temperature value through the battery surface temperature detection circuit and the ambient temperature detection circuit.

[0083] During the detection and repair process, the battery needs to work in charging mode, discharging mode and internal resistance detection mode respectively. In these modes, the positive and negative poles of the battery need to be connected to the corresponding ports of the programmable DC power supply, programmable DC electronic load and battery internal resistance tester respectively, and the connection and disconnection between the positive and negative poles of the battery and the ports of these peripheral devices need to be controlled by the battery charging control circuit, battery discharging control circuit and battery internal resistance detection control circuit. Among them, the battery charging control circuit is used to control the connection and disconnection between the programmable DC power supply charging port and the positive and negative poles of the battery, the battery discharging control circuit is used to control the connection and disconnection between the programmable DC electronic load port and the positive and negative poles of the battery, and the battery internal resistance detection control circuit is used to control the connection and disconnection between the circuit control battery internal resistance tester test port and the positive and negative poles of the battery. Since the detection, repair and testing of the battery need to be completed under constant temperature conditions, and different temperature conditions need to be set according to different test methods, the battery needs to be placed in a rapid temperature change test chamber.

[0084] The technical description of each module is as follows:

[0085] The CPU circuit is the core of the controller, including the CPU chip, program download circuit, manual reset circuit, and power conversion circuit. The work completed by this part of the circuit includes collecting various physical signals, controlling the work of peripheral devices according to the needs of different detection modes and repair modes, calculating the battery's charging capacity, discharging capacity, coulomb efficiency and other parameter values, diagnosing and classifying batteries, etc. The power conversion circuit converts the power supply from 24V to 5V, and 5V to 3.3V.

[0086] The current detection circuit samples the charging current proportionally through the Hall current sensor and outputs the corresponding analog voltage signal. The analog voltage signal is converted into a digital signal through the AD conversion module inside the CPU after passing through the signal conditioning circuit.

[0087] The voltage detection circuit samples the battery voltage proportionally through the Hall voltage sensor and outputs the corresponding analog voltage signal. The analog voltage signal is converted into a digital signal through the AD conversion module inside the CPU after passing through the signal conditioning circuit.

[0088] The battery surface temperature detection circuit samples the battery surface temperature proportionally through the temperature sensor and outputs the corresponding analog voltage signal. The analog voltage signal is converted into a digital signal through the AD conversion module inside the CPU after passing through the signal conditioning circuit.

[0089] The ambient temperature detection circuit samples the temperature inside the rapid temperature change test chamber in proportion through the temperature sensor and outputs the corresponding analog voltage signal. The analog voltage signal is converted into a digital signal through the AD conversion module inside the CPU after passing through the signal conditioning circuit.

[0090] The battery charging control circuit outputs a control signal through the CPU's IO port, and controls whether the control end coil of the relay is powered on after optical coupling isolation, thereby controlling the on-off between the positive and negative poles of the programmable DC power supply charging port and the positive and negative poles of the battery.

[0091] The battery discharge control circuit outputs a control signal through the CPU's IO port, and controls whether the control end coil of the relay is powered on after optical coupling isolation, thereby controlling the on-off between the positive and negative poles of the battery and the positive and negative poles of the programmable DC electronic load port.

[0092] The battery internal resistance detection control circuit outputs a control signal through the CPU's IO port, and controls whether the control end coil of the relay is powered on after optical coupling isolation, thereby controlling the on-off between the positive and negative poles of the battery and the positive and negative poles of the test port of the battery internal resistance tester.

[0093] The 24V power supply at the relay control end is electrically isolated from the 24V power supply in the controller circuit through a power isolation circuit.

[0094] The functions of the keyboard and LCD display circuit are to set the system initial parameters and control parameters, and to view various physical quantities and results that reflect the system working status. The CPU in the keyboard circuit identifies the triggered key by external interrupt and scanning, and the CPU in the LCD display circuit controls the content displayed on the LCD screen by serial synchronous communication.

[0095] The function of the 485 communication circuit is to allow the CPU to set the working parameters of peripheral devices such as the programmable DC power supply in real time through the communication circuit.

[0096] The calendar clock circuit is used to provide the CPU with real-time date and time values ​​and to provide precise time for various parameter changes occurring in the system.

[0097] The data storage circuit is used to store various initial parameter setting values ​​and record the key working status parameter values ​​of the system for reading and use when power is restored after a power outage.

[0098] In each circuit diagram, P1 is a power module for converting 24V DC power to 5V DC power, P2 is a power module for converting 5V DC power to 3.3V DC power, and P3 is a 24V DC power isolation module.

[0099] PE1~PE6 are external device interfaces. PE1 is the interface of the temperature sensor PT1000 for measuring the surface temperature of the battery. PE2 is the interface of the temperature sensor PT1000 for measuring the ambient temperature in the rapid temperature change test chamber. PE3 is the 485 bus communication interface, which is connected to the 485 interface of the programmable DC power supply, programmable DC electronic load, and battery internal resistance tester at the same time. PE4 is the interface of the battery charging control circuit with the programmable DC power supply and the battery, where the 1st and 2nd pins of PE4 are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the charging port of the programmable DC power supply, and the 3rd and 4th pins of PE4 are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery. PE5 is the interface of the battery discharge control circuit with the battery and the programmable DC electronic load, where the 1st and 2nd pins of PE5 are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery, and the 3rd and 4th pins of PE5 are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the two ports of the programmable DC electronic load. PE6 is the interface between the battery internal resistance detection control circuit and the battery and the battery internal resistance tester, wherein pin 1 and pin 2 of PE6 are connected to the positive and negative poles of the battery respectively, and pin 3 and pin 4 of PE6 are connected to the positive and negative poles of the test port of the battery internal resistance tester respectively.

[0100] Connector J1 is the controller DC power supply interface, J2 is the CPU program download interface, and connector J5 is a 5×5 keyboard interface.

[0101] Connector J3 is the battery voltage signal input interface, pin 1 of J3 is connected to the negative pole of the battery, and pin 2 of J3 is connected to the positive pole of the battery.

[0102] U2 is a Hall current sensor, pin 1 of U2 is the output end of the current, pin 2 of U2 is the input end of the current, pin 1 of U2 is connected to pin 3 of PE4, and pin 2 of U2 is connected to pin 4 of REL1.

[0103] R4, R5, R7, R8, R12~R20, R23~R26, R28, R30~R33, R35, R37, R38 are precision resistors with an accuracy of 0.05%. Among them, the resistance of R7, R17~R20, R23~R25, R30~R32 is 10kΩ, the resistance of R4 is 20kΩ, the resistance of R5, R13, R15, R38 is 30kΩ, the resistance of R8, R28, R35 is 1kΩ, the resistance of R12 is 120Ω, the resistance of R14, R16 is 33kΩ, the resistance of R26, R33 is 130kΩ, and the resistance of R37 is 3kΩ.

[0104] LDM1 is a common-mode inductor used to suppress common-mode electromagnetic interference signals in the power supply, and the inductance value is 10mH.

[0105] The light-emitting diode LED1 (red) is the power indicator light of the controller. When it is on, it means the controller is powered on. When it is off, it means the controller stops supplying power.

[0106] The controller of the present invention can detect a maximum voltage value of 50V and a maximum current value of 10A for the battery. If a battery with a higher voltage or a larger current needs to be detected, it can be achieved by selecting a voltage sensor and a current sensor with a larger range.

[0107] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features therein may be replaced by equivalents. Therefore, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting and classifying repaired energy storage batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step 1: Place the energy storage battery in a rapid temperature change test chamber, set the internal temperature of the test chamber to 0°C, and leave the battery in the rapid temperature change test chamber until the difference between the surface temperature and the ambient temperature in the test chamber is less than 0.3°C before proceeding to the next step; Step 2: The battery is connected to an adjustable electronic load for constant current discharge. The discharge current is controlled at the current value of the 1C charge and discharge rate of the energy storage battery of this model, in units of A. During the discharge process, the battery voltage is detected. When the battery voltage drops to the discharge cut-off voltage U of the battery of this model, dc When the discharge stops; dc The unit is V; Step 3: After the battery stops discharging, it is placed in a rapid temperature change test chamber until the difference between the surface temperature and the ambient temperature in the test chamber is less than 0.3°C before proceeding to the next step; Step 4: Charge the battery at a constant voltage. The charging voltage is set to the charging cut-off voltage value U of the battery model. cc , U cc The unit is V. During the charging process, the battery voltage, charging current, charging time and surface temperature are detected. When the charging current drops to 0.2% of the current value of the 1C charge and discharge rate of this type of energy storage battery, the charging is stopped and the charging capacity D of the battery at this temperature is calculated. x1 , where D x1 The unit is Wh, and the unit of charging current is A; Step 5: After the battery stops charging, it is placed in the rapid temperature change test chamber until the difference between the surface temperature and the ambient temperature in the test chamber is less than 0.3°C before proceeding to the next step; Step 6: The battery is connected to an adjustable electronic load for constant current discharge. The discharge current is controlled at the current value under the 1C charge and discharge rate of this type of energy storage battery. During the discharge process, the battery voltage, discharge current, discharge time and surface temperature are detected; when the battery voltage drops to the discharge cut-off voltage U of this type of battery, the battery voltage is reduced to the discharge cut-off voltage U of this type of battery. dc Stop discharging when the temperature reaches 0.05, and calculate the discharge capacity D of the battery at this temperature. f1 ; Among them, D f1 The unit is Wh, U dc The unit is V, and the unit of discharge current is A; Step 7: Set the internal temperature of the test chamber to 25°C, repeat steps 3 to 6, and calculate the charge capacity D of the battery at this temperature. x2 and discharge capacity D f2 ; Among them, the charge amount D x2 and discharge capacity D f2 The unit is Wh; Step 8: Set the internal temperature of the test chamber to 50°C, repeat steps 3 to 6, and calculate the charge capacity D of the battery at this temperature. x3 and discharge capacity D f3 ; Charge capacity D x3 and discharge capacity D f3 The unit is Wh; Step 9: Take the average value of the battery charge at the three set temperatures and calculate the average charge D xa ; Take the average value of the battery discharge at three set temperatures and calculate the average discharge capacity D fa ; Average charge capacity D xa and the average discharge capacity D fa The unit is Wh; Step 10: Classify the batteries. The nominal capacity of this type of battery when it leaves the factory is D s ;D s The unit is Wh.

2. A method for detecting and classifying repaired energy storage batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method of classification in step 10 is: (1) For the average charge capacity D xa Greater than or equal to 0.8D s And the average discharge capacity D fa Greater than or equal to 0.8D s The battery can continue to be used under the original working conditions; (2) For the average charge capacity D xa Less than 0.8D s Or average discharge capacity D fa Less than 0.8D s The batteries need to be recycled; (3) The maximum value of the battery surface temperature during discharge at the three set temperatures exceeds the discharge temperature rise threshold T of the battery model t The battery is directly recycled. The maximum value of the battery surface temperature during charging at the three set temperatures exceeds the charging temperature rise threshold T of this battery model. c of batteries are directly recycled; among them, T t With T c The unit is ℃.

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