An unattended monitoring system for hydropower stations

Abstract

The present invention provides an unattended monitoring system for a hydropower station, comprising: a data acquisition module for collecting hydrological, power generation equipment and environmental information of the hydropower station; a modeling and analysis module for pre-establishing an analysis model, substituting current information into the analysis model to determine an ideal operating state and correspondingly generating a control strategy; an automatic control module for controlling the actions of on-site equipment according to the control strategy and adjusting the operating parameters of the hydropower station; a communication module for realizing information exchange and data transmission among the data acquisition module, the modeling and analysis module, and the automatic control module; a user adjustment platform for displaying the monitoring process in real time and providing a manual adjustment function; the present invention not only improves the operating efficiency and safety of the hydropower station, but also reduces the operating cost by realizing comprehensive automatic monitoring and intelligent decision support; this enables the hydropower station to better adapt to the changing environmental requirements while ensuring stable power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydropower generation, and in particular to an unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station. Background Art

[0002] In the development history of hydropower stations, with the advancement of technology and the growth of social needs, the operation and management of hydropower stations have gradually changed from traditional manual operation to automation and intelligence; in the early days, hydropower stations were small in scale and usually only equipped with basic mechanical and electrical equipment; operation and maintenance mainly relied on manual labor, which was complicated and prone to failure; with the growth of electricity demand and technological progress, hydropower stations began to adopt more advanced mechanical equipment and automatic control systems; remote monitoring systems appeared, but a certain number of operators were still required to manage and maintain on site;

[0003] Although the automation level of hydropower stations is constantly improving, there are still some problems that need to be solved. First, traditional hydropower stations require a large number of personnel to be on duty and operate 24 hours a day, which increases operating costs. Second, due to the lack of effective automated monitoring methods, hydropower stations face high safety risks, especially under extreme weather conditions. Manual operation has a long response time and cannot respond to emergencies quickly. Moreover, even if some monitoring equipment is installed, due to the lack of effective data analysis methods, it is impossible to fully utilize these data for predictive maintenance or optimized operation. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides an unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station, which can significantly improve the operating efficiency and safety of the hydropower station and reduce labor costs by introducing an intelligent data collection and analysis mechanism, while also being able to better adapt to the growing demand for clean energy in the future.

[0005] The present invention provides an unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station, comprising:

[0006] Data acquisition module, which is used to collect hydrological information, power generation equipment information and environmental information in the hydropower station in real time;

[0007] A modeling and analysis module is connected to the data acquisition module, establishes an analysis model in advance, substitutes the current hydrological information, power generation equipment information and environmental information into the analysis model, determines the ideal operating state under the current information, and generates a control strategy based on the difference between the current operating state and the ideal operating state;

[0008] An automatic control module, which is connected to the modeling and analysis module and the field equipment, and is used to control the actions of the field equipment according to the control strategy and automatically adjust the operating parameters of the hydropower station;

[0009] A communication module, which is used to implement the information exchange and data transmission processes among the data acquisition module, the modeling and analysis module, and the automatic control module;

[0010] A user adjustment platform, which is connected to the communication module and is used to display the monitoring process in real time and provide a manual adjustment function.

[0011] According to a kind of unattended monitoring system for hydropower stations provided by the present invention, the data acquisition module includes:

[0012] A hydrological information acquisition unit, which is used to obtain the current head height, the maximum head height, the minimum head height, the current water flow rate, water temperature data, water quality data, and altitude;

[0013] An equipment information acquisition unit, which is used to obtain the water inlet efficiency of the water turbine regarding actual power - ideal power, the water turbine speed, the current opening degree of the guide vane, the characteristic curve data of water inflow - guide vane opening degree, and the conversion efficiency of the generator regarding speed - output power;

[0014] An environmental information acquisition unit, which is used to obtain video data at each sensitive area in the hydropower station.

[0015] According to a kind of unattended monitoring system for hydropower stations provided by the present invention, the modeling and analysis module includes:

[0016] A water inflow analysis unit, which is connected to the hydrological information acquisition unit and the equipment information acquisition unit; based on the collected maximum head height, minimum head height, current water flow rate, and water inlet efficiency, a water inflow analysis model is established in advance; the current head height is substituted into the water inflow analysis model, and the ideal water inflow of the water turbine required to maintain the head height is obtained through calculation;

[0017] A guide vane opening degree analysis unit, which is connected to the water inflow analysis unit, the hydrological information acquisition unit, and the equipment information acquisition unit; based on the collected water temperature data, water quality data, altitude, and characteristic curve data, a guide vane opening degree analysis model is established in advance; the ideal water inflow is substituted into the guide vane opening degree analysis model, and the ideal guide vane opening degree required to achieve the ideal water inflow of the water turbine is obtained through calculation;

[0018] A generator feedback unit, which is connected to the equipment information acquisition unit, calculates the current generator output power based on the water turbine speed and conversion efficiency; an ideal output power threshold range is set in advance, the power difference between the current generator output power and the ideal output power threshold range is calculated, and the ideal guide vane opening degree is adjusted in real time based on the power difference;

[0019] An abnormal intrusion analysis unit, which is connected to the environmental information acquisition unit, and analyzes whether there is abnormal intrusion of personnel at each sensitive area based on image recognition technology;

[0020] A decision-making generation unit, which is connected to the generator feedback unit and the abnormal intrusion analysis unit, is configured to summarize the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening and the abnormal intrusion situation to generate the control strategy.

[0021] According to a kind of unattended monitoring system for a hydropower station provided by the present invention, the water inflow analysis unit includes:

[0022] The water inflow analysis model is:

[0023]

[0024] Wherein, Q id is the ideal water inflow, ρ is the water density, g is the acceleration due to gravity, H is the current head height, Q is the current water flow rate; H t is the expected head height,

[0025] H max is the maximum head height, H min is the minimum head height; is the water inlet efficiency of the water turbine with respect to the actual power - ideal power.

[0026] According to a kind of unattended monitoring system for a hydropower station provided by the present invention, the guide vane opening analysis unit includes:

[0027] The guide vane opening analysis model is:

[0028] O 1 = f(Q id ) = a*(Q id ) b + c

[0029] Wherein, O 1 is the ideal guide vane opening, the function f(x) represents the relationship between the guide vane opening and the water inflow, and is obtained based on water temperature data, water quality data, altitude, and the characteristic curve data of water inflow - guide vane opening; a, b, and c are the coefficients, exponents, and parameters of the function f(x), wherein the coefficient a and the exponent b are obtained through experiments based on the characteristic curve data; the parameter c is obtained through statistics during the historical operation of the hydropower station according to the water temperature data, water quality data, and altitude, and represents the deviation amount.

[0030] According to a kind of unattended monitoring system for a hydropower station provided by the present invention, the generator feedback unit includes:

[0031] Based on the water turbine speed N and the conversion efficiency of the generator with respect to speed - output power calculate the current generator output power P f ,

[0032] Preset the ideal output power threshold range P f0 and the opening step ΔE;

[0033] When P f ∈P f0 no fine-tuning is performed;

[0034] When P f <P f0 the ideal guide vane opening O 1 is fine-tuned downward to obtain the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O 2 =O 1 -ΔE;

[0035] When P f >P f0 the ideal guide vane opening O 1 is fine-tuned upward to obtain the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O 2 =O 1 +ΔE;

[0036] After each cycle time, repeat the above fine-tuning process; that is, if after one cycle P f still does not belong to P f0 , the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O 2 is continuously adjusted upward or downward to obtain the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O n , n = 1, 2, 3,..., n;

[0037] If the current water head height H≥H max or H≤H min stop fine-tuning and restore the ideal guide vane opening O 1 .

[0038] According to a kind of unattended monitoring system for hydropower stations provided by the present invention, the abnormal intrusion analysis unit includes:

[0039] First, extract the moving objects in the video image through background subtraction technology;

[0040] Based on the object detection algorithm or instance segmentation algorithm, detect whether the moving object is a pedestrian;

[0041] Define several sensitive areas in the video image as no-entry areas;

[0042] When the detected pedestrian enters the above-defined sensitive area, record the event and generate the analysis result of the abnormal intrusion of personnel at this sensitive area.

[0043] According to a kind of unattended monitoring system for hydropower stations provided by the present invention, the automatic control module includes:

[0044] A decision acquisition unit connected to the decision generation unit is used to receive the control strategy and compare the analysis result of the abnormal intrusion situation carried in the control strategy with the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening. n separation;

[0045] The opening control unit is connected to the decision acquisition unit and the turbine control device in the field device, based on the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O n Control the guide vane opening of the turbine;

[0046] The intrusion alarm unit is connected to the decision acquisition unit and the alarm in the field device, and controls the alarm in its sensitive area to work accordingly based on the analysis result of the abnormal intrusion situation, and sends out an alarm to expel the intruder.

[0047] According to the unmanned monitoring system of a hydropower station provided by the present invention, the user adjustment platform is connected with the data acquisition module, the modeling and analysis module, and the automatic control module through the communication module to obtain and display the data, analysis results, and control process collected by each module;

[0048] The user adjustment platform is also provided with a manual intervention unit, through which personnel can change the analysis results of abnormal intrusion conditions in the control strategy and the ideal guide vane opening after fine-tuning. n .

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0050] 1. Through the integrated data acquisition module, modeling analysis module and automatic control module, this solution realizes the automatic adjustment of the operating parameters of the hydropower station and reduces the dependence on manual intervention;

[0051] 2. The abnormal intrusion analysis unit can detect the intrusion of unauthorized personnel in time, reducing security risks; real-time monitoring and analysis can help to detect potential faults in time and reduce the risk of accidents;

[0052] 3. The modeling and analysis module can dynamically adjust the operating parameters according to the current hydrological conditions and equipment status, thereby improving power generation efficiency; the generator feedback unit can adjust the guide vane opening in real time to match the optimal power generation efficiency and ensure the effective use of energy;

[0053] 4. Automated control reduces the number of on-site personnel and reduces human resource costs; data-driven maintenance strategies can reduce unnecessary repairs and extend equipment life;

[0054] 5. Through the comprehensive analysis of hydrological information and environmental information, this solution can allocate water resources more reasonably and improve the utilization rate of hydraulic resources; the real-time data collection and analysis capabilities enable the system to respond within a short time and quickly adjust the operating parameters to cope with changing situations;

[0055] 6. The user adjustment platform allows remote access and control, enabling managers to monitor the status of the hydropower station from any location and make necessary adjustments; by collecting and analyzing a large amount of operating data, the system can provide valuable reference information for future planning and maintenance.

[0056] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following specification, and in part will be obvious from the specification, or will be understood by implementing the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be achieved and obtained by the structures specifically pointed out in the written specification and the drawings.

[0057] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through the drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0058] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0059] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an unattended monitoring system for a hydropower station provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0060] The following describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0061] Embodiment 1:

[0062] An embodiment of the present invention provides an unattended monitoring system for a hydropower station, including:

[0063] A data collection module for real-time collection of hydrological information, power generation equipment information, and environmental information within the hydropower station;

[0064] A modeling and analysis module, connected to the data collection module, pre-establishing an analysis model, substituting the current hydrological information, power generation equipment information, and environmental information into the analysis model to determine the ideal operating state under the current information; and generating a control strategy based on the difference between the current operating state and the ideal operating state;

[0065] An automatic control module, which is connected to the modeling and analysis module and field devices, is used to control the actions of field devices according to control strategies and automatically adjust the operating parameters of the hydropower station;

[0066] A communication module, which is used to realize the information exchange and data transmission process among the data acquisition module, the modeling and analysis module, and the automatic control module;

[0067] A user adjustment platform, which is connected to the communication module, is used to display the monitoring process in real time and provide a manual adjustment function.

[0068] The principle of the above embodiment is as follows: The data acquisition module is responsible for obtaining real-time data from various sensors and monitoring points of the hydropower station. This data may include, but is not limited to, environmental parameters such as water flow velocity, water level height, equipment temperature, humidity, etc.; The modeling and analysis module receives the information transmitted by the data acquisition module and inputs it into a preset mathematical model or machine learning model for processing; The model will predict or calculate the most ideal operating state based on the current data; If there is a deviation between the current operating state and the ideal state, the system will generate corresponding control strategies to correct these deviations; After receiving the control strategies generated by the modeling and analysis module, the automatic control module performs specific control operations, such as adjusting the gate opening degree, changing the generator speed, etc.; This process is usually a closed-loop control, that is, the system will continuously monitor the actual operating state and adjust the control strategies according to the deviation; The communication module ensures that all parts in the entire system can effectively exchange data; It is also responsible for transmitting key information to the remote monitoring center or the user adjustment platform; The user adjustment platform allows operators to view the monitoring data in real time and perform manual intervention when necessary; This platform can also be used as part of an alarm system to alert staff in case of abnormal situations.

[0069] The beneficial effects of the above embodiment are as follows: Reduce the need for manual intervention through automated control, improve the overall operation efficiency of the power station; Reduce maintenance and operation costs, and reduce problems caused by human errors; Detect potential safety hazards in a timely manner and take measures to prevent accidents; Optimize the allocation of water resources and electricity through accurate prediction of hydrological conditions and power generation requirements; Reduce unnecessary energy consumption through precise control.

[0070] To further optimize the above embodiment, the data acquisition module includes:

[0071] A hydrological information acquisition unit, which is used to obtain the current head height, maximum head height, minimum head height, current water flow rate, water temperature data, water quality data, and altitude;

[0072] The device information acquisition unit is used to obtain the water inlet efficiency of the water turbine regarding the actual power - ideal power, the water turbine speed, the current guide vane opening degree, and the characteristic curve data of the water inflow - guide vane opening degree, as well as the conversion efficiency of the generator regarding the speed - output power;

[0073] The environmental information acquisition unit is used to obtain the video data at each sensitive area within the hydropower station.

[0074] It should be noted that the hydrological information acquisition unit is mainly responsible for collecting hydrology - related data, including but not limited to:

[0075] The current head height: refers to the vertical distance between the current water level and the water inlet of the water turbine;

[0076] The maximum head height: the maximum working head height designed for the hydropower station;

[0077] The minimum head height: the lowest head height to ensure the normal operation of the water turbine;

[0078] The current water flow rate: the amount of water passing through the water turbine per unit time;

[0079] The water temperature data: the water temperature at the water inlet;

[0080] The water quality data: the pH value, turbidity, sediment content, etc. of the water;

[0081] The altitude: the altitude of the location where the hydropower station is located;

[0082] The device information acquisition unit is responsible for collecting information related to the water turbine and the generator:

[0083] The water inlet efficiency of the actual power - ideal power: the ratio of the actual power generated by the water turbine to the theoretical maximum power, reflecting the working efficiency of the water turbine;

[0084] The water turbine speed: the current rotational speed of the water turbine;

[0085] The current guide vane opening degree: the degree of opening of the water turbine guide vane, which affects the water inflow;

[0086] The characteristic curve data of the water inflow - guide vane opening degree: reflects the change in the water inflow of the water turbine at different guide vane opening degrees;

[0087] The conversion efficiency of the speed - output power: the relationship between the generator speed and its output power, reflecting the efficiency of the generator;

[0088] The environmental information acquisition unit is mainly responsible for collecting data related to the hydropower station environment:

[0089] Video data: Real-time video streams captured by cameras installed in sensitive areas (such as around important equipment, access channels, etc.), used to monitor security conditions and environmental changes.

[0090] To further optimize the above embodiments, the modeling and analysis module includes:

[0091] The water inflow analysis unit, which is connected to the hydrological information collection unit and the equipment information collection unit; Based on the collected maximum head height, minimum head height, current water flow rate, and water intake efficiency, a water inflow analysis model is established in advance; Substitute the current head height into the water inflow analysis model, and through calculation, obtain the ideal water intake of the water turbine required to maintain the head height.

[0092] The water inflow analysis model is:

[0093]

[0094] Among them, Q id is the ideal water intake, ρ is the water density, g is the acceleration due to gravity, H is the current head height, Q is the current water flow rate; H t is the desired head height,

[0095] H max is the maximum head height, H min is the minimum head height; is the water intake efficiency of the water turbine regarding actual power - ideal power.

[0096] The guide vane opening analysis unit, which is connected to the water inflow analysis unit, the hydrological information collection unit, and the equipment information collection unit; Based on the collected water temperature data, water quality data, altitude, and characteristic curve data, a guide vane opening analysis model is established in advance; Substitute the ideal water intake into the guide vane opening analysis model, and through calculation, obtain the ideal guide vane opening required to achieve the ideal water intake of the water turbine.

[0097] The guide vane opening analysis model is:

[0098] O 1 =f(Q id )=a*(Q id ) b +c

[0099] Among them, O 1is the ideal guide vane opening. The function f(x) represents the relationship between the guide vane opening and the water inflow, which is obtained based on water temperature data, water quality data, altitude, and the characteristic curve data of water inflow-guide vane opening. a, b, and c are the coefficients, exponents, and parameters of the function f(x), where the coefficient a and the exponent b are obtained through experiments based on the characteristic curve data; the parameter c is obtained through statistics during the historical operation of the hydropower station based on water temperature data, water quality data, and altitude, representing the deviation.

[0100] The generator feedback unit, which is connected to the equipment information acquisition unit, calculates the current generator output power based on the water turbine speed and conversion efficiency; preset the ideal output power threshold range, calculate the power difference between the current generator output power and the ideal output power threshold range, and perform real-time fine-tuning on the ideal guide vane opening based on the power difference;

[0101] Based on the water turbine speed N and the conversion efficiency of the generator regarding speed-output power Calculate the current generator output power P f ,

[0102] Preset the ideal output power threshold range Pf 0 and the opening step ΔE;

[0103] When P f ∈ P f0 , no fine-tuning is performed;

[0104] When P f < P f0 , the ideal guide vane opening O 1 is fine-tuned downward to obtain the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O 2 = O 1 - ΔE;

[0105] When P f > P f0 , the ideal guide vane opening O 1 is fine-tuned upward to obtain the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O 2 = O 1 + ΔE;

[0106] After each cycle time, repeat the above fine-tuning process; that is, if after one cycle P f still does not belong to P f0 , the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O 2 is continuously increased or decreased to obtain the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O n , n = 1, 2, 3, …, n;

[0107] If the current head height H ≥ H max or H ≤ H minStop fine-tuning and restore the ideal guide vane opening O 1 .

[0108] An abnormal intrusion analysis unit, which is connected to the environmental information collection unit, analyzes whether there is abnormal intrusion of personnel in each sensitive area based on image recognition technology;

[0109] First, extract moving objects in the video image through background subtraction technology;

[0110] Based on the object detection algorithm or instance segmentation algorithm, detect whether the moving object is a pedestrian;

[0111] Define several sensitive areas in the video image as areas where entry is prohibited;

[0112] When the detected pedestrian enters the defined sensitive area, record the event and generate an analysis result indicating that there is abnormal intrusion of personnel in this sensitive area.

[0113] A decision-making generation unit, which is connected to the generator feedback unit and the abnormal intrusion analysis unit, is used to summarize the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening and the abnormal intrusion situation and generate a control strategy.

[0114] It should be noted that in the water inflow analysis model , (ρ*g*H*Q) represents the actual output power parameter of the water turbine, which refers to the actual power generated by the water turbine under the current operating conditions; represents the ideal power amplified according to the efficiency of the water turbine ; the ideal water inflow Qid represents the water inflow corresponding to the ideal power required to make the current head height reach the expected head height;

[0115] For example, assume we have the following given conditions:

[0116] The current head height H = 50 meters;

[0117] The maximum head height H max = 60 meters;

[0118] The minimum head height H min = 40 meters;

[0119] The expected head height H t is the mean of the maximum head height H max and the minimum head height H min , that is, H t = 50 meters;

[0120] The current water flow Q = 100 cubic meters per second;

[0121] The water intake efficiency of the water turbine regarding actual power - ideal power

[0122] The density of water ρ = 1000 kg / m 3 ;

[0123] The acceleration due to gravity g = 9.81 m / s 2 ;

[0124] Calculate the ideal water inflow Q id ;

[0125] 1. Calculate the actual output power parameters of the water turbine:

[0126] (ρ * g * H * Q) = 1000 * 9.81 * 50 * 100 = 4905 kw

[0127] 2. Ideal power

[0128]

[0129] 3. Calculate the ideal water inflow Q id :

[0130] Q id = 5611326.78 w / (1000 * 9.81 * 50) = 114.51 m 3 / s.

[0131] The guide vane opening analysis model O 1 = f(Q id ) = a * (Q id ) b + c, where the coefficients a and the exponent b are obtained through experiments based on the characteristic curve data, and the characteristic curve data is provided by the water turbine supplier; the parameter c is obtained from the statistical data of water temperature, water quality, and altitude during the historical operation of the hydropower station, representing the deviation;

[0132] For example, based on the characteristic curve data and the statistics during the historical operation, the coefficient a = 0.01, the exponent b = 1, and the parameter c = -0.1 are obtained;

[0133] Then the ideal guide vane opening O 1 = 0.01 * (114.51) 1 + (-0.1) ≈ 1.15 - 0.1 = 1.05;

[0134] The ideal guide vane opening of 1.05 here is dimensionless and represents the percentage of the guide vane opening or a certain standardized value; in practical applications, the unit of the guide vane opening depends on the specific water turbine model and design.

[0135] To identify whether there are people breaking into a specific area in a video, computer vision and machine learning techniques can be used; a common approach is to use deep learning-based object detection or instance segmentation models to achieve this goal;

[0136] 1. Object detection algorithms:

[0137] YOLO (You Only Look Once): It has strong real-time performance and is suitable for application scenarios that require quick response;

[0138] Faster R-CNN: It has relatively high accuracy and is suitable for applications with high precision requirements;

[0139] SSD (Single Shot Multi Box Detector): It combines speed and accuracy and is suitable for real-time monitoring;

[0140] 2. Instance segmentation algorithms:

[0141] Mask R-CNN: It can not only detect the location of objects but also provide pixel-level segmentation masks, which is very suitable for scenarios that require fine control;

[0142] 3. Behavior analysis algorithms:

[0143] Object detection and tracking algorithms can be combined to identify specific behavior patterns, such as breaking in, etc.;

[0144] The specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0145] Background modeling: First, foreground moving objects can be extracted through techniques such as background subtraction;

[0146] Object detection: Use one of the above algorithms to detect pedestrians in the video;

[0147] Region definition: Define one or more regions of interest (ROIs) on the image as "no-entry" areas;

[0148] Breaking-in detection: When the detected pedestrians enter these defined areas, trigger an alarm or record the event;

[0149] To improve the robustness and adaptability of the system, the following strategies can also be adopted:

[0150] Multi-model fusion: Combine the output results of different models to increase the accuracy of detection;

[0151] Model training: Use a large number of labeled datasets for training to ensure that the model can identify pedestrians in various situations;

[0152] Environmental adaptability adjustment: Adjust the model parameters according to the actual application scenario, such as factors like lighting conditions and camera angles;

[0153] Based on the result of the generator feedback unit, adjust the ideal guide vane opening to maintain the desired head height and generator output power, and reduce the impact of abnormal environmental factors on the power generation capacity.

[0154] To further optimize the above embodiments, the automatic control module includes:

[0155] A decision acquisition unit, which is connected to the decision generation unit, is used to receive the control strategy, and separate the analysis result of the abnormal intrusion situation carried in the control strategy from the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O n Separate;

[0156] An opening control unit, which is connected to the decision acquisition unit and the turbine control device in the on-site equipment, and controls the guide vane opening of the turbine based on the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O n Control the guide vane opening of the turbine;

[0157] An intrusion alarm unit, which is connected to the decision acquisition unit and the alarm in the on-site equipment, and controls the alarm at its sensitive area to work based on the analysis result of the abnormal intrusion situation, and issues an alarm to expel the intruder.

[0158] It should be noted that the decision acquisition unit is mainly responsible for receiving the control strategy from the decision generation unit and separating the information carried in the strategy so that subsequent units can independently handle different tasks; its main functions include:

[0159] Receive the control strategy: Receive the control strategy containing the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening and the abnormal intrusion situation from the decision generation unit;

[0160] Information separation: Separate the information in the received control strategy into two parts:

[0161] The fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening and the analysis result of the abnormal intrusion situation;

[0162] The opening control unit is responsible for adjusting the guide vane opening of the turbine according to the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening provided by the decision acquisition unit; its main functions include:

[0163] Receive the ideal guide vane opening: Receive the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening from the decision acquisition unit;

[0164] Control the guide vane opening of the turbine: Convert the ideal guide vane opening into an actual operation instruction and send it to the turbine control device, thereby adjusting the guide vane opening of the turbine;

[0165] The intrusion alarm unit is responsible for triggering corresponding alarms according to the analysis results of abnormal intrusion situations provided by the decision-making acquisition unit; its main functions include:

[0166] Receiving abnormal intrusion situations: receiving the analysis results of abnormal intrusion situations from the decision-making acquisition unit;

[0167] Controlling the operation of the alarm: controlling the activation of the alarms in the corresponding sensitive areas according to the severity and location of the abnormal intrusion situation, and issuing alarms to expel the intruders.

[0168] To further optimize the above embodiments, the user adjustment platform is connected to the data acquisition module, the modeling and analysis module, and the automatic control module through the communication module, and obtains and displays the data collected by each module, the analysis results, and the control process;

[0169] The user adjustment platform is also provided with a manual intervention unit, and personnel can change the analysis results of abnormal intrusion situations in the control strategy and the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening O through the manual intervention unit n .

[0170] It should be noted that the user adjustment platform realizes the real-time acquisition, display of data, and adjustment of control strategies; the main functions of the platform include:

[0171] Data display: displaying the real-time data obtained from the data acquisition module, such as water flow velocity, water level height, guide vane opening, etc.;

[0172] Analysis result display: displaying the analysis results from the modeling and analysis module, such as the predicted abnormal intrusion probability, the recommended ideal guide vane opening, etc.;

[0173] Control process display: displaying the working status of the automatic control module, such as the actual guide vane opening adjustment actions performed, the status of the alarm, etc.;

[0174] The manual intervention unit allows staff to directly participate in the decision-making process of the system and modify the control strategy; its main functions include:

[0175] Change of analysis results of abnormal intrusion situations: Staff can adjust the results of abnormal intrusion situations analyzed by the system according to the actual situation, such as adjusting the intrusion risk level, changing the location of the intrusion source, etc.;

[0176] Fine-tuning of the ideal guide vane opening: Staff can manually adjust the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening according to actual experience or specific conditions to adapt to different operating environments.

[0177] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. An unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station, characterized in that: include: Data acquisition module, which is used to collect hydrological information, power generation equipment information and environmental information in the hydropower station in real time; A modeling and analysis module is connected to the data acquisition module, establishes an analysis model in advance, substitutes the current hydrological information, power generation equipment information and environmental information into the analysis model, determines the ideal operating state under the current information, and generates a control strategy based on the difference between the current operating state and the ideal operating state; An automatic control module, which is connected to the modeling and analysis module and the field equipment, and is used to control the actions of the field equipment according to the control strategy and automatically adjust the operating parameters of the hydropower station; A communication module, which is used to realize the information exchange and data transmission process between the data acquisition module, the modeling and analysis module, and the automatic control module; A user adjustment platform, which is connected to the communication module and is used to display the monitoring process in real time and provide a manual adjustment function; Wherein, the modeling and analysis module includes: A water inflow analysis unit is connected to the hydrological information acquisition unit and the equipment information acquisition unit; based on the collected maximum water head height, minimum water head height, current water flow rate, and water inflow efficiency, a water inflow analysis model is pre-established; the current water head height is substituted into the water inflow analysis model, and the ideal water inflow of the turbine required to maintain the water head height is obtained through calculation; a guide vane opening analysis unit connected to the water inflow analysis unit, the hydrological information collection unit and the equipment information collection unit; pre-establishing a guide vane opening analysis model based on the collected water temperature data, water quality data, altitude and characteristic curve data; substituting the ideal water inflow into the guide vane opening analysis model, and calculating and obtaining the ideal guide vane opening required for achieving the ideal water inflow of the turbine; A generator feedback unit is connected to the device information acquisition unit, and calculates the current generator output power based on the turbine speed and conversion efficiency; pre-sets an ideal output power threshold range, calculates the power difference between the current generator output power and the ideal output power threshold range, and performs real-time fine-tuning of the ideal guide vane opening based on the power difference; An abnormal intrusion analysis unit, which is connected to the environmental information acquisition unit and analyzes whether there is abnormal intrusion of personnel in each sensitive area based on image recognition technology; A decision generation unit connected to the generator feedback unit and the abnormal intrusion analysis unit, and used to summarize the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening and the abnormal intrusion situation to generate the control strategy; Wherein, the water inflow analysis unit comprises: The water inflow analysis model is: ;in, For the ideal water intake, is the water density, is the acceleration due to gravity, is the current water head height, is the current water flow; is the expected water head height, ; is the maximum water head height, is the minimum water head height; is the water inlet efficiency of the turbine with respect to actual power minus ideal power; Wherein, the guide vane opening analysis unit comprises: The guide vane opening analysis model is: ;in, is the ideal guide vane opening, function Represents the relationship between the guide vane opening and the water inflow, which is obtained based on the water temperature data, water quality data, altitude, and the characteristic curve data of the water inflow-guide vane opening; , , For function The coefficients, exponents and parameters of and index Obtained through experiments based on characteristic curve data; parameters It is obtained based on the statistics of water temperature data, water quality data and altitude during the historical operation of the hydropower station, representing the deviation.

2. The unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition module comprises: A hydrological information acquisition unit, which is used to obtain the current water head height, maximum water head height, minimum water head height, current water flow, water temperature data, water quality data, and altitude; Equipment information acquisition unit, which is used to obtain the water intake efficiency of the turbine regarding actual power-ideal power, turbine speed, current guide vane opening, characteristic curve data of water intake-guide vane opening, and the conversion efficiency of the generator regarding speed-output power; The environmental information acquisition unit is used to obtain video data at various sensitive areas in the hydropower station.

3. The unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The abnormal intrusion analysis unit comprises: Firstly, the moving objects in the video image are extracted by background subtraction technology; Detect whether the moving object is a pedestrian based on an object detection algorithm or an instance cutting algorithm; Define several sensitive areas in the video image as prohibited areas; When a detected pedestrian enters the above-defined sensitive area, an event is recorded, and an analysis result of abnormal intrusion of a person into the sensitive area is generated.

4. The unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The automatic control module comprises: A decision acquisition unit is connected to the decision generation unit and is used to receive the control strategy and compare the analysis result of the abnormal intrusion situation carried in the control strategy with the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening. Separation; The opening control unit is connected to the decision acquisition unit and the turbine control device in the field device, based on the fine-tuned ideal guide vane opening Control the guide vane opening of the turbine; The intrusion alarm unit is connected to the decision acquisition unit and the alarm in the field device, and controls the alarm in its sensitive area to work accordingly based on the analysis result of the abnormal intrusion situation, and sends out an alarm to expel the intruder.

5. The unmanned monitoring system for a hydropower station according to claim 4, characterized in that: The user adjustment platform is connected with the data acquisition module, the modeling and analysis module, and the automatic control module through the communication module to obtain and display the data, analysis results, and control process collected by each module; The user adjustment platform is also provided with a manual intervention unit, through which personnel can change the analysis results of abnormal intrusion in the control strategy and the ideal guide vane opening after fine-tuning. .

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