Bottom element, bottom and method for providing same

Abstract

The invention relates to a bottom element, for example for structures such as buildings and / or means of transport, having at least one waveguide device for guiding electromagnetic waves at least in some regions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a bottom element.

[0002] The present disclosure furthermore relates to a bottom portion.

[0003] The disclosure furthermore relates to a method for providing a bottom element and / or a bottom. Summary of the invention

[0004] Exemplary embodiments relate to a base element, which is used, for example, for structures such as buildings and / or vehicles and / or platforms, and which has at least one waveguide device for at least partially guiding electromagnetic waves. In further exemplary embodiments, the base element can be used, for example, to distribute electromagnetic waves, which are, for example, characteristically radio signals, within the base element. Thus, in further exemplary embodiments, for example, a building can be provided, in the base of which radio signals can be transmitted efficiently and / or with low interference. For example, in further exemplary embodiments, undesirable multipath propagation, such as occurs, for example, within a building, for example, in the case of free-space transmission, can also be reduced or avoided.

[0005] In further exemplary embodiments, the base element may be designed, for example, to transmit electromagnetic waves to adjacent base elements, for example of the same type or of a different type.

[0006] In a further exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the base element has a first base layer and a second base layer, wherein at least one waveguide arrangement is at least partially arranged between the first base layer and the second base layer. In a further exemplary embodiment, the first base layer and / or the second base layer are realized, for example, by plate-shaped construction elements.

[0007] Optionally, in other exemplary embodiments, one or more connecting elements, such as so-called brackets, can be arranged between two bottom layers, such as panels, for example, which transmit the forces introduced into the upper layer or panel in the installed position (e.g. with respect to the gravity vector) by the load (persons and / or machines and / or furniture and / or other objects) to the lower layer in the installed position (e.g. with respect to the gravity vector), for example for introduction into a supporting structure of a target system (e.g. a building or a vehicle or the like).

[0008] In a further exemplary embodiment, it is provided that an absorption device for electromagnetic waves is provided, wherein, for example, the absorption device comprises a material that absorbs electromagnetic waves. For example, the absorption device is arranged in the edge region of at least one waveguide device, thereby, for example, reducing or avoiding reflections, for example multiple reflections, of electromagnetic waves at the edge region. In a further exemplary embodiment, the transmission quality of radio signals in the bottom element or in the bottom formed by the bottom element can thereby be improved, for example.

[0009] In a further exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the absorption device has at least one of the following elements: a) an absorbent coating, for example an absorbent coating of at least one inner surface of at least one bottom layer; b) an absorbent foam; c) a plastic material.

[0010] In a further exemplary embodiment, it is provided that at least one coupling device is configured to a) couple electromagnetic waves into the waveguide arrangement; and / or to b) decouple electromagnetic waves from the waveguide arrangement, for example into a surrounding medium at least partially surrounding the base element, wherein the coupling device is configured as a passive component, for example.

[0011] In a further exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the base element has one or more openings, for example slits, for a) coupling electromagnetic waves into the waveguide arrangement and / or for b) decoupling electromagnetic waves from the waveguide arrangement. In a further exemplary embodiment, the one or more openings can be used, for example, to realize a distributed antenna system, wherein, for example, along the opening(s), parts of the electromagnetic waves guided through the at least one base element are decoupled toward the surroundings and / or electromagnetic waves are coupled from the surroundings into the waveguide arrangement.

[0012] In a further exemplary embodiment, it is provided that at least one waveguide arrangement is designed to guide electromagnetic waves in at least one frequency range which is associated with a wireless communication system, for example a mobile radio system, for example a cellular mobile radio system, which is based on the 5G standard or the 6G standard, for example.

[0013] Further exemplary embodiments relate to a substrate, for example for a structure such as a building and / or a vehicle and / or a platform (eg land-based and / or sea-based), which has at least one waveguide arrangement for at least partially guiding electromagnetic waves.

[0014] In a further exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the base has at least one feature of a base element according to an embodiment.

[0015] Further exemplary embodiments relate to a structure, such as a building or a vehicle or a platform, which has at least one of the following elements: a) a base element according to an embodiment; and / or b) a base according to an embodiment.

[0016] In further exemplary embodiments, it is provided that the structure has at least one building and / or is designed as at least one building.

[0017] In a further exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the structure has at least one vehicle and / or is designed as at least one vehicle. In a further exemplary embodiment, the vehicle can be designed, for example, as: a) a land vehicle, such as a truck or a rail vehicle; b) a flying vehicle; c) a spacecraft; d) a water vehicle.

[0018] A further exemplary embodiment relates to a method for providing a bottom element and / or a bottom, the method comprising: providing a bottom element and / or a bottom, which is used, for example, for a structure such as a building and / or a vehicle, and which has at least one waveguide device for at least locally guiding electromagnetic waves.

[0019] Further exemplary embodiments relate to a use scenario of a bottom element according to an embodiment and / or a bottom according to an embodiment and / or a structure according to an embodiment and / or a method according to an embodiment for at least one of the following situations: a) transmitting information with the aid of electromagnetic waves; b) reducing, for example avoiding, multipath propagation; c) distributing radio waves; d) processing signals associated with electromagnetic waves; e) coupling electromagnetic waves into a waveguide device; f) decoupling electromagnetic waves from the waveguide device; g) supplying a terminal device with radio signals; h) guiding a driverless transport vehicle.

[0020] Further features, application possibilities and advantages of the invention are apparent from the following description of the exemplary embodiments of the invention shown in the drawings. All described or illustrated features, either alone or in any combination, form the subject matter of the invention, regardless of their summary in the claims or in references to these claims and regardless of their description or representation in the specification or in the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 schematically shows a simplified side view according to an exemplary embodiment,

[0022] Figure 2 schematically shows a simplified side view according to a further exemplary embodiment,

[0023] Figure 3schematically shows a simplified side view according to a further exemplary embodiment,

[0024] Figure 4 schematically shows a simplified top view according to a further exemplary embodiment,

[0025] Figure 5 schematically shows a simplified side view according to a further exemplary embodiment,

[0026] Figure 6 schematically shows a simplified side view according to a further exemplary embodiment,

[0027] Figure 7 schematically shows a simplified side view according to a further exemplary embodiment,

[0028] Figure 8 A simplified flow chart according to a further exemplary embodiment is schematically shown.

[0029] Fig.9A schematically shows a perspective view according to a further exemplary embodiment,

[0030] Fig. 9B schematically shows a perspective view according to a further exemplary embodiment,

[0031] Fig.10 schematically shows a perspective view according to a further exemplary embodiment,

[0032] Fig.11 schematically shows a diagram characterizing an electric field strength according to a further exemplary embodiment,

[0033] Fig.12 schematically shows a diagram characterizing a field strength according to a further exemplary embodiment,

[0034] Fig.13 schematically shows a diagram characterizing an electric field strength according to a further exemplary embodiment,

[0035] Fig.14 Aspects of an application concept according to further exemplary embodiments are schematically shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] See also Figure 1 The exemplary embodiment relates to a base element 100, for example, for a structure 1000, such as a building and / or a vehicle and / or a platform. The base element 100 has at least one waveguide arrangement 102, which serves to guide electromagnetic waves EMW at least in certain areas.

[0037] In a further exemplary embodiment, the base element 100 can be used, for example, to distribute electromagnetic waves EMW, for example, typically radio signals, within the base element 100. Thus, in a further exemplary embodiment, a building (see below) can be provided. Figure 6 ), in the base of the building, radio signals can be transmitted efficiently and / or with low interference.

[0038] For example, in further exemplary embodiments, undesired multipath propagation, such as occurs, for example, in free-space transmission, for example within buildings, can also be reduced or avoided.

[0039] In another exemplary embodiment ( Figure 1 ), the bottom element 100 can be configured, for example, to transmit electromagnetic waves EMW to adjacent, for example, bottom elements 100a, 100b of the same or different types. For this purpose, the waveguide arrangement 102 of the bottom element 100 can have corresponding Figure 1 The bottom element 100 has lateral openings therein which interact with corresponding openings of a corresponding waveguide arrangement 102a, 102b of the further bottom element 102 in order to guide electromagnetic waves EMW, for example, within the bottom element 100, 100a, 100b.

[0040] In another exemplary embodiment, it is possible to construct a bottom, for example a system bottom 10a, by combining multiple bottom elements 100, 100a, 100b, which makes it possible, for example, to modularly equip an interior room with a bottom which, in addition to mechanical tasks (such as, for example, discharging loads), can also additionally guide electromagnetic waves EMW.

[0041] In another exemplary embodiment ( Figure 1 ), in this way, for example, electromagnetic waves EMW can be guided by means of the bottom 10a from a first room (not shown) into at least one other room (not shown), i.e., for example over a local boundary of the interior room (such as a wall) or pass underneath it.

[0042] In another exemplary embodiment ( Figure 1 ) provides that the base element 100 has a first base layer 110a and a second base layer 110b, wherein at least one waveguide arrangement 102, 102a, 102b is at least partially arranged between the first base layer 110a and the second base layer 110b. In a further exemplary embodiment, the first base layer 110a and / or the second base layer 110b are each realized, for example, by a plate-shaped structural element.

[0043] Optionally, in another exemplary embodiment, one or more connecting elements (not shown) can be provided between the two bottom layers 110a, 110b, for example, the panels. Figure 1 As shown in the figure below Fig.9A ), such as the so-called bracket 160 ( Fig.9A ), which is introduced by the load (personnel and / or machines and / or furniture and / or other objects, not shown) into the upper layer or plate 110b ( Figure 1 ) is transmitted to the layer 110a ( Figure 1 ), for example for introduction into a supporting structure (not shown) of a target system (eg a building or a vehicle or the like).

[0044] In another exemplary embodiment, see Figure 2 In the bottom element 100 ′ of the embodiment, it is provided that the absorption device 120 is provided for electromagnetic waves, wherein, for example, the absorption device 120 comprises a material that absorbs electromagnetic waves. For example, the absorption device 120 is arranged in the edge region of at least one waveguide device 102, thereby, for example, reducing or avoiding reflections, for example multiple reflections, of electromagnetic waves EMW at the edge region. In other exemplary embodiments, the transmission quality of radio signals in the bottom element 100 , 100 ′ or in the bottom 10 a formed by the bottom element can thereby be improved, for example.

[0045] In another exemplary embodiment ( Figure 2 ) provides that the absorption device 120 has at least one of the following elements: a) an absorbent coating 120a, for example an absorbent coating of at least one inner surface of at least one bottom layer 110a, 110b; b) an absorbent foam 120b; c) a plastic material 120c.

[0046] In another exemplary embodiment, see Figure 3 The bottom element 100″ provides that at least one coupling device 130 is configured to: a) couple electromagnetic waves into the waveguide arrangement 102, and / or b) decouple electromagnetic waves EMW-1 from the waveguide arrangement 102, for example into a surrounding medium UM at least partially surrounding the bottom element 100″ (for example for another transmission that is no longer guided via the waveguide arrangement 102, for example to another unit 1), wherein, for example, the coupling device 130 is constructed as a passive component, which therefore, for example, has no active construction elements.

[0047] In further exemplary embodiments, coupling device 130 having active components (eg amplifiers and / or filters, etc.) is also conceivable.

[0048] In a further exemplary embodiment, further units 1 can be arranged in the region of the coupling device 130 so that, for example, a direct line-of-sight connection is created between the elements 1 , 130 , i.e., LoS (Line of Sight) propagation conditions prevail, thereby reducing or minimizing multipath-related (e.g., multipath) transmission channels.

[0049] In another exemplary embodiment, see Figure 4 , it is provided that the base element 100″ has one or more openings 140, for example slits, for a) coupling electromagnetic waves into the waveguide arrangement 102 ( Figure 3 ), and / or for b) decoupling electromagnetic waves from the waveguide arrangement 102. In another exemplary embodiment, one or more openings 140 ( Figure 4 ) can be used, for example, to realize a distributed antenna system, wherein, for example, a portion of the electromagnetic waves guided through the at least one bottom element 100 ″ is directed toward the surroundings UM( Figure 3 ) and / or coupling electromagnetic waves from the surroundings UM into the waveguide arrangement 102.

[0050] In another exemplary embodiment ( Figure 1 ) stipulates that at least one waveguide arrangement 102 is designed to guide electromagnetic waves EMW in at least one frequency range, which is related to a wireless communication system KS, for example to a mobile radio system, such as a cellular mobile radio system, which is based on the 5G standard or the 6G standard, for example.

[0051] Other exemplary embodiments ( Figure 5 ) relates to a base 10, for example for a structure 1000, such as for example a building and / or a vehicle and / or a platform (for example land-based and / or sea-based), having at least one waveguide arrangement 102' for at least locally guiding electromagnetic waves EMW.

[0052] In another exemplary embodiment ( Figure 5 ) provides that the bottom 10 has at least one feature of the bottom element 100, 100', 100" according to the embodiment. For example, the bottom 10 can be similar to the bottom element 100 according to the embodiment. Figure 1 The bottom element 100 has two layers, for example formed by plates 10a, 10b, which are at least partially (in Figure 5 The waveguide arrangement 102 ′ is defined in the embodiment of the present invention, for example above and below an interior of the waveguide arrangement 102 ′.

[0053] In another exemplary embodiment, the waveguide device 102 ( Figure 1 )、102′( Figure 5 ) can be filled, for example, with a surrounding medium, such as ambient air, or, for example, with a (other) dielectric.

[0054] Other exemplary embodiments ( Figure 6 , Figure 7 ) relates to a structure, such as a building 1000a or a vehicle 1000b or a platform (not shown), which has at least one of the following elements: a) a bottom element 100, 100a according to an embodiment; and / or b) a bottom 10 according to an embodiment.

[0055] In another exemplary embodiment ( Figure 6 ) provides that the structure has at least one building and / or is configured as at least one building 1000a. Figure 6 By way of example, a building 1000a having three floors E1, E2, E3 is shown, wherein the floor 10 of the floor E1 is designed according to the embodiment and thus allows efficient, for example low-reflection propagation of electromagnetic waves in the first floor E1. Some areas of the second floor E2 have floor elements 100, 100a according to the embodiment. For example, a production facility FE can be arranged in the second floor E2, the components of which (not shown) can be communicated with each other by means of a communication system KS ( Figure 1 ) are connected to each other. For example, electromagnetic waves or radio signals for the communication system KS that can be formed therefrom can be supplied to at least some of the components mentioned via the base elements 100, 100a.

[0056] In another exemplary embodiment ( Figure 7 ) provides that the structure has at least one vehicle 1000b, in the present case a water vehicle, and / or is designed as at least one vehicle. By means of a bottom element 100 and / or a bottom / multiple bottoms 10 according to the embodiment, electromagnetic waves, for example for an indoor communication system, can be supplied to different areas of the water vehicle 1000b.

[0057] In further exemplary embodiments, the vehicle can be designed, for example, as: a) a land vehicle, such as a truck or a rail vehicle; b) a flying vehicle; c) a spacecraft; d) a water vehicle.

[0058] Other exemplary embodiments ( Figure 8 ) relates to a method for providing a bottom element and / or a bottom, the method comprising: providing 180 a bottom element 100 and / or a bottom 10, which is for example for a structure 1000, such as a building and / or a vehicle, having a structure for at least partially guiding electromagnetic waves EMW ( Figure 1) of at least one waveguide arrangement 102, 102'. Figure 8 The optional functional block 182 represents, for example, the use of the base element 100 for transmitting signals of a communication system in the area of ​​the base. The use 182 has, for example, the low-reflection transmission 182a of radio signals in the area of ​​the base and / or the supply 182b of electromagnetic waves, for example signals of a communication system KS, to different areas of the structure.

[0059] Fig.9A A perspective view according to a further exemplary embodiment is schematically shown. A bottom, for example a double bottom, is shown, which has two layers 110a, 110b, which are connected to one another via a support 150. The slit-like openings 140 in the second layer 110b enable the coupling of electromagnetic waves from the surroundings into the Fig.9A The bottom element of the waveguide device 102 (see Figure 1 , not in Fig.9A ) and / or the electromagnetic waves from Fig.9A The bottom element of the bottom part decouples the waveguide arrangement 102 from the surrounding environment.

[0060] Fig. 9B Schematically shows Fig.9A Another perspective view of the bottom of the.

[0061] Fig.10 A perspective view according to a further exemplary embodiment is schematically shown in partial cross section. It can be seen that the support element 150 (see also Fig.9A ) and a first layer 110a having no openings.

[0062] Fig.11 A diagram for characterizing the electric field strength according to a further exemplary embodiment is schematically shown. The two-dimensional distribution of the values ​​of the electric field strength along an xy-plane associated with the bottom element is plotted, the xy-plane being located, for example, vertically centered on the layers 110a, 110b ( Fig.9A )between.

[0063] Fig.12 A diagram representing a field strength according to a further exemplary embodiment is schematically shown, as it is in accordance with Fig.9A As is produced in the region of the outer surface (ie the surface facing the surroundings) of the layer 110 b, for example in the z-plane, for example near the upper side of the opening.

[0064] Fig.13 Schematically shows a characterization layer 110b ( Fig.9A ),

[0065] Other exemplary embodiments ( Fig.14 ) relates to a use 300 of a bottom element according to an embodiment and / or a bottom according to an embodiment and / or a structure according to an embodiment and / or a method according to an embodiment, for at least one of the following situations: a) transmitting 301 information by means of electromagnetic waves EMW; b) reducing 302, for example avoiding multipath propagation; c) distributing 303 radio waves; d) processing 304 signals related to the electromagnetic waves EMW, for example of a communication system KS; e) coupling 305 the electromagnetic waves EMW into a waveguide arrangement 102, 102′; f) decoupling 306 the electromagnetic waves EMW from the waveguide arrangement 102, 102′; g) supplying 307 radio signals to a terminal device; h) guiding 308 a driverless vehicle, which is, for example, constructed to travel on a bottom or bottom element according to an embodiment.

[0066] In further exemplary embodiments, for example for URLLC-type (ultra reliable and low latency communication) use scenarios and / or for use scenarios with high bandwidth requirements, elements for polarizing electromagnetic waves and / or devices that can spatially separate transmission channels can be arranged in the bottom element or in the bottom, for example in order to use a frequency channel for multiple radio connections.

[0067] In further exemplary embodiments, for example, a conventional waveguide, for example of the hollow conductor type, may be integrated into the base or base element, for example also in order to form the waveguide arrangement 102 , 102 ′.

[0068] In further exemplary embodiments, filters, such as bandpass filters, for example, for predefinable wavelength or frequency channels etc. may also be provided, for example, which are integrated into the base or base element.

[0069] In further exemplary embodiments, for example, a “wave mode grid” may also be provided, which is integrated into the base or a base element, for example.

[0070] In another exemplary embodiment, for example, a "mode network" can be provided, which is in the form of one or more profiles and / or round materials and / or plates (e.g., made of conductive material) arranged at adapted intervals, e.g., parallel, side by side and / or one after another, for example, relative to the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave EMW, and which are integrated into the bottom or bottom element, for example.

[0071] In further exemplary embodiments, elements of the “mode network”, for example plates, can (but do not necessarily have to be) electrically conductively connected to one another and / or to the base element.

[0072] In other exemplary embodiments, the elements of the "mode network", for example plates, can be oriented horizontally or vertically, which in other exemplary embodiments should be carried out, for example, depending on the desired polarization of the electromagnetic wave EMW to be guided. In other exemplary embodiments, the number of multipath propagation possibilities can be reduced, since the polarization of the electromagnetic wave EMW can be rotated, for example, in the case of multiple reflections, depending on the material and geometry.

[0073] In further exemplary embodiments, the coupling in or decoupling of electromagnetic waves may be achieved, for example, via tiles, for example tile-like elements.

[0074] In a further exemplary embodiment, the coupling in or decoupling of electromagnetic waves can be achieved, for example, by tiles formed in a suitable manner. At least one tile (not shown) can be made of a conductive material, for example, and include one or more openings, which are introduced, for example, adapted to the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave EMW in the base and thus, for example, adapted to the propagation direction of the E-(electric) field of the electromagnetic wave EMW in the tile, and thus, for example, also determine the decoupling and / or coupling coefficient.

[0075] In other exemplary embodiments, for example in other embodiments of the tile, the tile can, for example, also include elements along the z-direction, for example in order to determine or set the coupling- and / or decoupling coefficient, for example to increase the coupling- and / or decoupling coefficient compared to the aforementioned, for example purely two-dimensional, embodiments with slits or openings.

[0076] In further exemplary embodiments, the tiles can consist, for example, (for example, exclusively) of a non-conductive material, for example similar to the seams.

[0077] In a further exemplary embodiment, the propagation of the electromagnetic waves in the waveguide arrangement 102, 102' can take place, for example, in a parallel plate mode. This can be done in a further exemplary embodiment, for example, according to Fig.11 , Fig.12 obtained from the configuration.

[0078] In further exemplary embodiments, a hollow conductor pattern for propagation can be forced, for example, by introducing, for example, profiles and / or round materials and / or sheets and / or other elements composed of conductive material which are arranged one behind the other.

[0079] In further exemplary embodiments, the waveguide arrangements 102 , 102 ′ can also be designed as substrate-integrated waveguides, SIW, for example.

[0080] In further exemplary embodiments, beam forming may be provided, for example, by using a phased array antenna or an antenna system, for example for coupling electromagnetic waves EMW into the substrate or waveguide arrangement(s) 102 , 102 ′.

Claims

1. A base element (100; 100'; 100"), for example for a structure (1000) such as a building (1000a) and / or a vehicle (1000b), having at least one waveguide arrangement (102) for at least partially guiding electromagnetic waves (EMW).

2. The bottom element (100; 100'; 100") according to claim 1, wherein The bottom element (100; 100'; 100″) comprises a first base layer (110a) and a second base layer (110b), wherein the at least one waveguide arrangement (102) is arranged at least in regions between the first base layer (110a) and the second base layer (110b).

3. The base element (100; 100'; 100") according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein: An absorption device (120) for electromagnetic waves is provided, wherein, for example, the absorption device (120) comprises a material that absorbs electromagnetic waves.

4. Bottom element (100; 100'; 100") according to claim 3, wherein The absorbent device (120) has at least one of the following elements: a) an absorbent coating (120a), for example an absorbent coating of at least one inner surface of at least one bottom layer (110a, 110b); b) an absorbent foam (120b); c) Plastic material (120c).

5. Bottom element (100; 100'; 100") according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein At least one coupling device (130) is provided for: a) coupling electromagnetic waves into a waveguide device (102); and / or b) decoupling electromagnetic waves from the waveguide device (102), for example decoupling into an ambient medium (UM) at least partially surrounding the base element (100; 100'; 100"), wherein the coupling device (130) is designed as a passive component, for example.

6. A base element (100; 100'; 100") according to at least one of the preceding claims, comprising one or more openings (140), for example slits, for a) coupling electromagnetic waves into the waveguide arrangement (102) and / or for b) decoupling electromagnetic waves from the waveguide arrangement (102).

7. Bottom element (100; 100'; 100") according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein The at least one waveguide arrangement (102) is designed to guide electromagnetic waves in at least one frequency range which is associated with a wireless communication system (KS), for example a mobile radio system, for example a cellular mobile radio system, which is based on the 5G standard or the 6G standard, for example.

8. A base (10; 10a), for example for a structure (1000) such as a building (1000a) and / or a vehicle (1000b), having at least one waveguide arrangement (102') for at least partially guiding electromagnetic waves (EMW).

9. The bottom portion (10) according to claim 8, wherein: The bottom (10) has at least one feature of a bottom element (100; 100'; 100") according to at least one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A structure (1000), such as a building (1000a) or a transport vehicle (1000b) or a platform, having at least one of the following elements: a) a bottom element (100; 100′; 100″) according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, and / or b) a bottom (10; 10a) according to at least one of claims 8 to 9.

11. The structure (1000; 1000a) according to claim 10, wherein: The structure (1000) has at least one building (1000a) and / or is configured as at least one building (1000a).

12. The structure (1000; 1000b) according to claim 10, wherein: The structure (1000) comprises at least one vehicle (1000b) and / or is designed as at least one vehicle (1000b).

13. A method for providing a bottom element (100; 100′; 100″) and / or a bottom (10; 10a), the method comprising: providing (180) a bottom element (100; 100′; 100″) and / or a bottom (10; 10a) for a structure (1000), such as a building (1000a) and / or a vehicle (1000b), which has at least one waveguide device (102; 102′) for at least locally guiding electromagnetic waves (EMW).

14. A use (300) of a base element (100; 100′; 100″) according to at least one of claims 1 to 7 and / or a base (10; 10a) according to at least one of claims 8 to 9 and / or a structure (1000) according to at least one of claims 10 to 12 and / or a method according to claim 13, for at least one of the following situations: a) transmitting (301) information by means of electromagnetic waves; b) reducing (302), for example avoiding (303) multipath propagation; c) distributing (303) radio waves; d) processing (304) signals associated with the electromagnetic waves (EM); e) coupling (305) electromagnetic waves into a waveguide device (102); f) decoupling (306) electromagnetic waves from the waveguide device (102); g) supplying (307) radio signals to a terminal device; h) guiding (308) a driverless transport vehicle.

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