A crushing machine

Abstract

The present invention provides a pulverizer, belonging to the technical field of pulverizing equipment, the pulverizer comprises a base and a pulverizing device, the pulverizing device comprises a cylinder fixedly mounted horizontally on the base and a transmission shaft rotating through the cylinder, a feed port is arranged at the top of the left end of the cylinder, a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the right end, a screen covering the discharge port is arranged on the cylinder, a fan, a primary pulverizing mechanism, and a secondary pulverizing mechanism are fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft from left to right, the fan is located on the left side of the feed port, the secondary pulverizing mechanism is located above the screen, the cylinder comprises a large hole section and small hole sections located on both sides of the large hole section, an annular groove is arranged in the middle of the inner side of the large hole section, and the primary pulverizing mechanism comprises a pulverizing knife located in the large hole section. When the airflow drives the material to move to the large hole section, the material hits the primary pulverizing knife and then falls, and the lifting component can lift the material that falls to the bottom of the cylinder, thereby preventing the material that falls to the bottom of the cylinder from being pulverized by the primary pulverizing knife.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of pulverizing equipment, and in particular relates to a pulverizer. Background Art

[0002] The grinder is composed of coarse crushing, fine crushing, wind conveying and other devices. It achieves the purpose of crushing in the form of high-speed impact and uses wind energy to grind into powder in one time. In the food industry, the grinder is used to crush medicinal materials, herbs, food raw materials, etc. into the required particle size for processing, preparation, extraction and other processes. In the food industry, it is often necessary to crush fiber materials. The current food grinder has problems such as loose crushing fineness and high crushing energy consumption for high-fiber food materials.

[0003] A Chinese patent with authorization announcement number CN110354965B discloses a high-fiber food material grinder, including a horizontally arranged and cylindrical grinding chamber, a rotating shaft is axially rotatably installed in the grinding chamber, and one end of the rotating shaft is connected to a rotary drive mechanism after passing through the grinding chamber; a feed port is provided at the upper part of one end of the grinding chamber, and a discharge port is opened at the bottom of the other end; a plurality of blades one, a plurality of blades two and a plurality of blades three are fixedly installed in sequence at intervals along the discharge direction on the rotating shaft, and the number of teeth of blades one, blades two and blades three gradually increases, and a screen is detachably fixedly connected to the inner wall of the grinding chamber above the discharge port.

[0004] The existing pulverizers drive the fiber materials to move in the pulverizing chamber by blowing air or suctioning air under negative pressure in the pulverizing chamber, so that the fiber materials are pulverized by the pulverizing blades. However, the pulverizing chambers of the existing pulverizers are all straight-cylindrical. After the materials hit the blades one and two, they fall down and are transported to the blade three without being pulverized. The blade three needs to spend a longer time to pulverize, which easily leads to blockage at the screen. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a crusher, aiming to solve the problem in the prior art that materials fall after hitting the first crushing knife and are transported to the subsequent crushing knife without being crushed. The subsequent crushing knife needs to spend a longer time to crush, which easily leads to blockage at the screen.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a pulverizer comprises a base and a pulverizing device, the pulverizing device comprises a cylinder fixedly mounted horizontally on the base and a transmission shaft rotating through the cylinder, a feed port is arranged at the top of the left end of the cylinder, a discharge port is arranged at the bottom of the right end, a screen covering the discharge port is arranged on the cylinder, a fan, a primary pulverizing mechanism and a secondary pulverizing mechanism are fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft from left to right in sequence, the fan is located on the left side of the feed port, the secondary pulverizing mechanism is located above the screen, the cylinder comprises a large hole section and small hole sections located on both sides of the large hole section to form an annular groove on the inner edge of the large hole section, the primary pulverizing mechanism is a pulverizing knife located in the large hole section, the annular groove is used to accommodate materials that hit the pulverizing knife and fall, the pulverizing device also comprises a lifting mechanism for lifting materials at the bottom of the annular groove toward the center of the cylinder, the lifting mechanism comprises a lifting plate located at the bottom of the annular groove and a driving assembly for driving the lifting plate to reciprocate in the up and down directions, and the lifting plate pushes the materials toward the pulverizing knife when moving upward.

[0007] When the fiber material is crushed, the fan blows the fiber material that falls into the cylinder to make it move horizontally in the cylinder. The material hits the first-level crushing knife and then falls. The lifting component can lift the material that falls to the bottom of the cylinder, avoiding the material that falls to the bottom of the cylinder from being unable to be crushed by the first-level crushing knife and being directly transported to the second-level crushing knife.

[0008] The driving assembly comprises an arc plate and clamping plates fixed at both ends of the arc plate. The arc plate, the clamping plate and the lifting plate form a closed annular structure, and the closed annular structure is slidably assembled in the annular groove around the circumference of the annular groove.

[0009] The driving assembly also includes connecting shafts arranged at both ends of the lifting plate and a wave groove arranged on the wall of the annular groove. The connecting shaft is slidably assembled in the wave groove. When the arc plate slides back and forth, the lifting plate is pushed by the clamping plate to slide, and the lifting plate is driven to move toward or away from the center of the cylinder through the cooperation of the connecting shaft and the wave groove.

[0010] By providing a lifting component, the material that falls to the bottom of the cylinder after hitting the primary crushing knife can be lifted, so that the material can continue to move in the cylinder 21 under the action of the fan airflow, and the fallen material can be crushed by the primary crushing knife.

[0011] The driving assembly also includes a connecting plate connected to the outer side of the arc plate, the connecting plate passes through the outside of the cylinder, and the cylinder is provided with an arc groove for the connecting plate to slide. The arc plate is driven to slide back and forth by driving the connecting plate to slide back and forth.

[0012] The driving assembly also includes a transmission component that drives the connecting plate to slide back and forth. The transmission component includes a transmission rod connected to the connecting plate and extending left and right. Connecting rods are provided at both ends of the transmission rod. The connecting rod is provided with a connecting sleeve that is rotatably mounted on the transmission shaft. A driven gear is installed on the end of the cylinder body so as to rotate around an axis extending left and right. A connecting piece is eccentrically arranged on the driven gear. The connecting piece is connected to the connecting rod to drive the connecting rod to rotate back and forth when the driven gear rotates.

[0013] The transmission component also includes a transmission gear fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft, and the transmission gear is meshed with the driven gear to drive the driven gear to rotate.

[0014] The lifting assembly can be driven to move synchronously with the crushing knife and the hammer assembly, so that the lifting assembly can move together with the crushing knife and the hammer assembly when they are working, thereby lifting the material that falls to the bottom of the cylinder and crushing it by the first-stage crushing knife.

[0015] The crushing knife comprises a rotating knife fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft and fixed knives located on both sides of the rotating knife and rotatably sleeved on the transmission shaft, and the ends of the fixed knives are fixedly connected to the inside of the large hole section.

[0016] By setting the rotating knife and the fixed knife, the materials are sheared when the rotating knife and the fixed knife intersect, which ensures that the materials can be crushed smoothly and improves the crushing effect.

[0017] The diameter of the large hole section gradually decreases from the middle to both sides, the annular groove is located in the middle of the large hole section, and the number of the large hole sections is at least two and is evenly distributed along the axial direction of the cylinder.

[0018] The secondary crushing mechanism includes a hammer assembly sleeved on the transmission shaft and a plurality of crushing racks matched with the hammer assembly and fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the cylinder. The plurality of crushing racks are parallel to the axis of the cylinder and evenly distributed along the circumference of the cylinder.

[0019] The hammer assembly includes at least two mounting plates which are fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the transmission shaft and are parallel to each other. A plurality of mounting shafts and hammer columns which are evenly distributed along their circumferences are provided between two adjacent mounting plates. The two ends of the mounting shafts are respectively rotatably sleeved on the two adjacent mounting plates. The hammer column is located outside the mounting plate and is fixedly connected to the mounting shafts by a support shaft.

[0020] When the material moves to the hammer assembly, the hammer column will hammer the material and cooperate with the crushing rack to perform secondary crushing on the material, ensuring the crushing effect of the material.

[0021] A loading box is provided above one side of the cylinder close to the motor and the loading box is connected with the inside of the cylinder through a loading port, and a supporting leg for supporting the cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the base.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] When the airflow drives the material to move to the large hole section, the material hits the first-stage crushing knife and then falls. The lifting component can lift the material that has fallen to the bottom of the cylinder, avoiding the material that has fallen to the bottom of the cylinder and cannot be crushed by the first-stage crushing knife. The material is directly transported to the second-stage crushing knife, which takes a longer time to crush and easily causes blockage at the screen. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pulverizer in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the crushing device in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing device in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing assembly in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a side cross-sectional schematic diagram of the pulverizer in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hammer assembly in the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. bottom plate; 11. supporting leg; 2. crushing device; 21. cylinder; 211. crushing rack; 212. screen; 213. annular groove; 214. arc groove; 215. wave groove; 23. transmission shaft; 24. fan; 25. crushing knife; 251. rotating knife; 252. fixed knife; 26. hammer assembly; 261. mounting plate; 262. mounting shaft; 263. supporting shaft; 264. hammer column; 27. lifting mechanism; 271. arc plate; 272. lifting plate; 273. connecting plate; 274. transmission rod; 275. clamping plate; 276. connecting shaft; 28. transmission component; 281. transmission gear; 282. driven gear; 283. connecting piece; 284. connecting rod; 285. connecting sleeve; 3. motor; 31. mounting seat; 4. feeding box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] See also Figure 1-Figure 7 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a pulverizer, comprising a base, a pulverizing device 2 and a feeding box 4. The pulverizing device 2 is fixedly mounted on the base, and the feeding box 4 is mounted above the pulverizing device 2 to transport materials to the pulverizing device 2.

[0035] The base includes a bottom plate 1, a support leg 11, and a motor mounting seat 31. The support leg 11 and the motor mounting seat 31 are fixedly mounted on the bottom plate 1, and can be specifically connected by conventional methods such as welding and bolting. The support leg 11 is located on the right side of the motor mounting seat 31, and there are three support legs 11 arranged at intervals on the left and right.

[0036] The crushing device 2 includes a cylinder 21 , a screen 212 , a motor 3 , a transmission shaft 23 , a fan 24 , a primary crushing mechanism, a secondary crushing mechanism, and a material lifting mechanism 27 .

[0037] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the cylinder 21 is horizontally fixedly installed on the supporting leg 11, and the cylinder 21 extends left and right. A feed port is provided at the top of the left end and a discharge port is provided at the bottom of the right end. The screen 212 covers the discharge port. The cylinder 21 includes a large hole section and small hole sections on both sides of the large hole section. An annular groove 213 is provided in the middle of the inner side of the large hole section. The diameter of the large hole section gradually decreases from the middle to both sides. The number of large hole sections is at least two and is evenly distributed along the axial direction of the cylinder 21.

[0038] The motor 3 is arranged on the motor mounting seat 31 and is located at the left end of the cylinder 21. The transmission shaft 23 is coaxial with the cylinder 21 and one end is drivingly connected to the output shaft of the motor 3. The fan 24, the primary crushing mechanism, and the secondary crushing mechanism are sequentially sleeved on the transmission shaft 23 from left to right. The fan 24 is located on the left side of the feed port, and the secondary crushing mechanism is located above the screen 212.

[0039] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the primary crushing mechanism is a crushing knife 25 located in the large hole section, and the crushing knife 25 includes a rotating knife 251 fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft 23 and fixed knives 252 located on both sides of the rotating knife 251 and rotatably sleeved on the transmission shaft 23, and the ends of the fixed knife 252 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the large hole section.

[0040] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, the secondary crushing mechanism includes a hammer assembly 26 sleeved on the transmission shaft 23 and a plurality of crushing racks 211 cooperating with the hammer assembly 26 and fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the cylinder 21, the plurality of crushing racks 211 are parallel to the axis of the cylinder 21 and evenly distributed along the circumference of the cylinder 21, the hammer assembly 26 includes at least two mounting disks 261 that are evenly fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the transmission shaft 23 along the axial direction and parallel to each other, a plurality of mounting shafts 262 and hammer columns 264 evenly distributed along the circumference thereof are provided between two adjacent mounting disks 261, the two ends of the mounting shaft 262 are respectively rotatably sleeved on two adjacent mounting disks 261, the hammer column 264 is located outside the mounting disk 261 and a support shaft 263 is fixedly connected between the mounting shaft 262.

[0041] In other embodiments, the hammer assembly 26 may be a crushing roller with crushing teeth disposed on the outer wall.

[0042] The material lifting mechanism 27 includes a material lifting plate 272 located at the bottom of the annular groove 213 and a driving assembly driving the material lifting plate 272 to reciprocate in the up and down directions. When the material lifting plate 272 moves upward, it pushes the material toward the crushing knife 25 .

[0043] The driving assembly includes an arc plate 271 and a clamping plate 275 fixed at both ends of the arc plate 271. The arc plate 271, the clamping plate 275 and the lifting plate 272 form a closed annular structure. The closed annular structure is slidably assembled in the annular groove 213 around the circumference of the annular groove 213. The driving assembly also includes a connecting shaft 276 provided at both ends of the lifting plate 272 and a wave groove 215 provided on the groove wall of the annular groove 213. The connecting shaft 276 is slidably assembled in the wave groove 215. When the arc plate 271 slides back and forth, it passes through the clamping plate 275. The pushing and lifting plate 272 slides, and the cooperation between the connecting shaft 276 and the wave groove 215 drives the lifting plate 272 to move toward or away from the center of the cylinder 21; the driving component also includes a connecting plate 273 connected to the outside of the arc plate 271, and the connecting plate 273 passes through the outside of the cylinder 21. The cylinder 21 is provided with an arc groove 214 for the connecting plate 273 to slide, and the arc plate 271 is driven to slide back and forth; the driving component also includes a transmission component 28 that drives the connecting plate 273 to slide back and forth.

[0044] The transmission component 28 includes a transmission rod 274 connected to the connecting plate 273 and extending left and right. Connecting rods 284 are provided at both ends of the transmission rod 274. The connecting rod 284 is provided with a connecting sleeve 285 rotatably mounted on the transmission shaft 23; the end of the cylinder 21 is rotatably mounted with a driven gear 282 around an axis extending left and right, and a connecting piece 283 is eccentrically arranged on the driven gear 282. The connecting piece 283 is connected to the connecting rod 284 to drive the connecting rod 284 to reciprocate when the driven gear 282 rotates; the transmission component 28 also includes a transmission gear 281 fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft 23, and the transmission gear 281 is meshed with the driven gear 282 to drive the driven gear 282 to rotate.

[0045] The implementation principle of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: when the fiber material is crushed, the material falls into the cylinder 21 through the loading box 4, and the motor 3 is started to drive the fan 24 and the crushing knife 25 to rotate through the transmission shaft 23. At this time, the fan 24 blows the fiber material falling into the cylinder 21, so that the material moves horizontally in the cylinder 21. When the airflow drives the material to move to the large hole section, the airflow velocity slows down due to the increase in space at the large hole section, so the movement speed of the material also slows down, thereby extending the time for the material to pass through the large hole section, so that the crushing knife 25 in the large hole section can fully crush the material. When the material is crushed, the rotating knife 251 rotates to cut the fiber material. When the rotating knife 251 intersects with the fixed knife 252, the material is sheared to ensure that the material can be crushed smoothly.

[0046] Part of the crushed material will fall to the bottom of the cylinder 21. Since the diameter of the large hole section gradually decreases from the middle to the two sides, the fallen material will slide to the lifting plate 272 in the annular groove 213 in the middle of the bottom of the large hole section. At this time, the transmission shaft 23 drives the driven gear 282 to rotate through the transmission gear 281. At this time, the connecting piece 283 performs a circular motion with the rotation of the driven gear 282, and drives the connecting rod 284 to swing back and forth with the transmission shaft 23 as the axis. The connecting rod 284 drives the arc plate 271 and the lifting plate 272 to reciprocate along the annular groove 213 through the transmission rod 274 and the connecting plate 273. With the movement of the lifting plate 272, it moves along the radial direction of the cylinder 21 under the cooperation of the connecting shaft 276 and the wave groove 215, and lifts the material that slides onto the lifting plate 272, so that the material continues to move in the cylinder 21 under the action of the airflow.

[0047] When the material moves to the hammer assembly 26 driven by the air flow, the mounting plate 261 drives the mounting shaft 262, the supporting shaft 263 and the hammer column 264 to rotate along with the transmission shaft 23. At this time, the material is thrown toward the inner wall of the cylinder 21 under the action of the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the hammer assembly 26, and slides along the inner wall to the discharge port at the bottom. During the sliding process of the material, the hammer column 264 will hammer the material, and cooperate with the crushing rack 211 to perform secondary crushing on the material, thereby ensuring the crushing effect of the material.

[0048] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pulverizer, comprising a base and a pulverizing device (2), the pulverizing device (2) comprising a cylinder (21) fixedly mounted horizontally on the base and a transmission shaft (23) rotatably passing through the cylinder (21), a feed port being provided at the top of the left end of the cylinder (21) and a discharge port being provided at the bottom of the right end, a screen (212) covering the discharge port being provided on the cylinder (21), a fan (24), a primary pulverizing mechanism, and a secondary pulverizing mechanism being fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft (23) in sequence from left to right, the fan (24) being located on the left side of the feed port, and the secondary pulverizing mechanism being located above the screen (212); characterized in that: The cylinder (21) comprises a large hole section and small hole sections located on both sides of the large hole section, so that an annular groove (213) is formed on the inner edge of the large hole section, the primary crushing mechanism is a crushing knife (25) located in the large hole section, and the annular groove (213) is used to accommodate materials that hit the crushing knife (25) and fall down; The pulverizing device (2) further comprises a lifting mechanism (27) for lifting the material at the bottom of the annular groove (213) toward the center of the cylinder (21); the lifting mechanism (27) comprises a lifting plate (272) located at the bottom of the annular groove (213) and a driving assembly for driving the lifting plate (272) to reciprocate in an up-and-down direction; when the lifting plate (272) moves upward, it pushes the material toward the pulverizing blade (25).

2. A pulverizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly comprises an arc-shaped plate (271) and clamping plates (275) fixed at both ends of the arc-shaped plate (271); the arc-shaped plate (271), the clamping plate (275) and the lifting plate (272) form a closed annular structure; the closed annular structure is slidably assembled in the annular groove (213) around the circumference of the annular groove (213); The driving assembly further comprises connecting shafts (276) arranged at both ends of the material lifting plate (272) and a wave groove (215) arranged on the groove wall of the annular groove (213); the connecting shaft (276) is slidably assembled in the wave groove (215); when the arc plate (271) slides back and forth, the material lifting plate (272) is pushed to slide by the clamping plate (275); and the material lifting plate (272) is driven to move toward or away from the center of the cylinder (21) through the cooperation of the connecting shaft (276) and the wave groove (215).

3. A pulverizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving assembly further comprises a connecting plate (273) connected to the outside of the arc-shaped plate (271); the connecting plate (273) passes through the outside of the cylinder (21); an arc-shaped groove (214) for the connecting plate (273) to slide is provided on the cylinder (21); and the arc-shaped plate (271) is driven to slide reciprocatingly by driving the connecting plate (273) to slide reciprocatingly.

4. A pulverizer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving assembly further comprises a transmission component (28) for driving the connecting plate (273) to slide back and forth, the transmission component (28) comprising a transmission rod (274) connected to the connecting plate (273) and extending left and right, connecting rods (284) being provided at both ends of the transmission rod (274), the connecting rod (284) being provided with a connecting sleeve (285) rotatably sleeved on the transmission shaft (23); a driven gear (282) is rotatably mounted on the end of the cylinder (21) around an axis extending left and right, a connecting piece (283) being eccentrically provided on the driven gear (282), the connecting piece (283) being connected to the connecting rod (284) so ​​as to drive the connecting rod (284) to rotate back and forth when the driven gear (282) rotates; The transmission component (28) further comprises a transmission gear (281) fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft (23), and the transmission gear (281) meshes with the driven gear (282) to drive the driven gear (282) to rotate.

5. A pulverizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing knife (25) comprises a rotating knife (251) fixedly sleeved on the transmission shaft (23) and fixed knives (252) located on both sides of the rotating knife (251) and rotatably sleeved on the transmission shaft (23), and the ends of the fixed knives (252) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the large hole section.

6. A pulverizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the large hole section gradually decreases from the middle to both sides, the annular groove (213) is located in the middle of the large hole section, and the number of the large hole sections is at least two and is evenly distributed along the axial direction of the cylinder (21).

7. A pulverizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary pulverizing mechanism comprises a hammer assembly (26) sleeved on a transmission shaft (23) and a plurality of pulverizing racks (211) cooperating with the hammer assembly (26) and fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the cylinder (21); the plurality of pulverizing racks (211) are parallel to the axis of the cylinder (21) and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the cylinder (21).

8. A pulverizer according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hammer assembly (26) comprises at least two mounting plates (261) fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the transmission shaft (23) and parallel to each other, a plurality of mounting shafts (262) and hammer columns (264) evenly distributed along the circumference of the two adjacent mounting plates (261) are provided between the two adjacent mounting plates (261), two ends of the mounting shaft (262) are rotatably sleeved on the two adjacent mounting plates (261), and the hammer column (264) is located outside the mounting plate (261) and a support shaft (263) is fixedly connected to the mounting shaft (262).

9. A pulverizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A loading box (4) is provided above the side of the cylinder (21) close to the motor (3), and the loading box (4) is connected to the interior of the cylinder (21) through a loading port. A supporting leg (11) for supporting the cylinder (21) is fixedly mounted on the top of the base.

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