Welding jig and method

Abstract

The invention provides a welding jig and method. The welding jig comprises a lower shell; the upper cover is detachably connected to the lower shell in a covering mode, and a cavity is defined by the upper cover and the lower shell; the upper cover comprises window glass; the bearing plate is horizontally arranged in the cavity, located below the window glass and used for placing a workpiece to be welded; the bearing plate is connected with the lower shell through the elastic piece; the elastic piece is configured to be capable of elastically deforming so that the bearing plate can move towards or away from the window glass. The bearing plate and the elastic piece divide the cavity into a first cavity facing the window glass and a second cavity back to the window glass. And the air suction and inflation pipe communicates with the first cavity and is used for performing air suction or air inflation on the first cavity, so that the bearing plate moves towards or away from the window glass.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a welding jig and a welding method. Background Art

[0002] Laser welding of glass is a mature welding process. During welding, the glass welding interface must be bonded to achieve optical contact and the bonding must be uniform and flat.

[0003] In the prior art, the jig used for laser welding of glass uses bolts to tighten, or mechanical movements such as pistons and cylinders to clamp and fit the glass to be welded. It is difficult to ensure uniform clamping force of the existing jig, and there is an uneven fitting problem between the glasses clamped by the jig, resulting in low welding efficiency and safety hazards.

[0004] In addition, the laser welding of glass uses a Gauss lens with a shallow focal depth, which is extremely sensitive to the focus position during welding. When the focus position error is greater than 30 microns in the direction perpendicular to the welding interface, welding will fail. When welding with existing welding jigs, the horizontality data of the upper surface of the glass window is collected and measured for jig horizontality adjustment. However, due to the large deformation of the window glass itself under pressure, the measurement error is large, the jig horizontality adjustment is inaccurate, the efficiency is low, and welding failure is easy to occur.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, it is necessary to invent a new welding jig and method. Summary of the invention

[0006] One of the purposes of the present invention is to overcome at least one deficiency in the prior art and to provide a welding jig and method.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a welding jig is provided. The welding jig comprises:

[0009] Lower housing;

[0010] An upper cover, which is detachably connected to the lower shell and forms a cavity with the lower shell; the upper cover includes a window glass;

[0011] A carrying plate, which is horizontally arranged in the cavity and located below the window glass, and is used to place the workpiece to be welded;

[0012] an elastic member, wherein the carrying plate is connected to the lower housing through the elastic member; the elastic member is configured to be elastically deformable so that the carrying plate can move toward or away from the window glass; the carrying plate and the elastic member separate the cavity into a first cavity facing the window glass and a second cavity facing away from the window glass;

[0013] A pumping and inflating tube is connected to the first cavity and is used to pump air or inflate the first cavity so that the supporting plate moves toward or away from the window glass.

[0014] Optionally, the bearing plate, the elastic member, a portion of the lower shell and the upper cover form the first cavity;

[0015] The pumping and charging pipe is arranged through the lower shell to connect the first cavity to the vacuum pump, so as to adjust the air pressure in the first cavity;

[0016] The lower shell is provided with air inlet and outlet holes for connecting the second cavity to the external atmosphere;

[0017] The pumping and filling pipe is provided with a pumping valve for controlling whether to pump out the gas in the first cavity, a filling valve for controlling whether to fill the external gas into the first cavity, and a vacuum degree measuring sensor for measuring the vacuum degree in the first cavity, and is configured to:

[0018] The gas in the first cavity is evacuated to form a vacuum, so that the support plate moves toward the window glass until the workpiece to be welded is clamped between the support plate and the window glass, and the elastic member is deformed; or,

[0019] External gas is filled into the first cavity to move the supporting plate away from the window glass and reset it.

[0020] Optionally, the window glass is flat glass;

[0021] The upper cover also includes a cushioning frame; the cushioning frame is arranged around the edge of the window glass and is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the window glass;

[0022] The heightening frame is detachably connected to the lower shell; a sealing member is arranged between the heightening frame and the lower shell for sealing a gap between the heightening frame and the lower shell.

[0023] Optionally, the window glass is made of quartz glass or ultra-white glass;

[0024] The thickness of the window glass is greater than or equal to 4 mm;

[0025] The material of the heightening frame is metal alloy.

[0026] Optionally, the window glass surface is rectangular, square, or circular in shape;

[0027] The plane outer dimensions of the lower shell are set to be the same as the plane outer dimensions of the window glass;

[0028] The lower shell is made of marble or heat-treated cast iron.

[0029] Optionally, the elastic member is made of elastic metal plate or rubber;

[0030] The elastic member is a frame-shaped structure; the inner edge of the elastic member is connected to the bearing plate, and the outer edge is connected to the lower shell.

[0031] Optionally, at least four guide rods extending in the height direction are provided on the lower shell;

[0032] The bearing plate is provided with guide holes; the number of the guide rods is equal to the number of the guide holes, and the positions are respectively provided correspondingly;

[0033] The guide rods are respectively inserted into the corresponding guide holes to ensure that the bearing plate is always perpendicular to the guide rods.

[0034] Optionally, the material of the bearing plate is marble or heat-treated cast iron;

[0035] The carrier plate is a flat plate structure, and the flatness error of the carrier plate surface is less than 10 μm;

[0036] The thickness of the bearing plate is greater than or equal to 1 / 12 of the length or diameter of the bearing plate.

[0037] Optionally, at least three leveling mechanisms are connected to the bottom of the lower shell to support the lower shell;

[0038] The supporting heights of the leveling mechanisms are adjustable to adjust the horizontality of the bearing plates.

[0039] Optionally, it also includes a levelness measurement sensor and a control system for collecting the horizontal state information of the carrying plate;

[0040] The control system is electrically connected to the level measurement sensor, and is used to generate a leveling instruction according to the level state information collected by the level sensor, and send the leveling instruction to the leveling mechanism;

[0041] The leveling mechanism is electrically connected to the control system and is used to adjust the support height according to the leveling instruction so that the supporting plate is in a horizontal state.

[0042] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a welding method is provided. The welding method comprises:

[0043] Provide the above-mentioned welding jig; open the upper cover, place the workpiece to be welded on the carrier plate and then cover the upper cover;

[0044] The first cavity is evacuated through the air pumping and inflating tube, so that the bearing plate moves toward the window glass and the elastic member is deformed;

[0045] The carrier plate and the window glass clamp the workpiece to be welded from both sides respectively so that the workpiece to be welded fits evenly, and the vacuum degree in the first cavity reaches the set requirement;

[0046] Laser welding of workpieces to be welded;

[0047] Inflate the first cavity by pumping the inflation tube, so that the bearing plate moves back to the window glass and resets;

[0048] Open the upper cover and take out the welded workpiece.

[0049] Optionally, the welding fixture further includes a levelness measuring sensor and a control system, and at least three leveling mechanisms are connected to the bottom of the lower shell, and the support heights of the leveling mechanisms are adjustable to adjust the levelness of the bearing plate;

[0050] The carrier plate and the window glass clamp the workpieces to be welded from both sides to make the workpieces to be welded evenly, and the vacuum degree in the first cavity reaches the set requirements, and then it also includes:

[0051] The levelness measuring sensor collects the levelness information of the load-bearing plate, and transmits the collected levelness information of the load-bearing plate to the control system;

[0052] The control system generates a leveling command and transmits the leveling command to the leveling mechanism;

[0053] According to the leveling instruction, the leveling mechanism adjusts the support height to make the load-bearing plate in a horizontal state.

[0054] Different from the prior art, in the welding jig and method provided by the present invention, the gas in the first cavity can be pumped out to form a vacuum by pumping the gas-filling tube, so that the carrier plate moves toward the window glass to continuously and stably clamp the workpiece to be welded between the carrier plate and the window glass, and the clamping force of the welding jig is uniform. The workpieces to be welded are evenly fitted, and the fit between the workpieces to be welded can meet the contact requirements, the welding efficiency is high, and there is no safety hazard.

[0055] The material of the load-bearing plate can be marble or heat-treated cast iron with high rigidity and good flatness. The load-bearing plate has small deformation and stable shape, which can ensure that the horizontal state information of the load-bearing plate collected by the level measurement sensor is accurate and efficient. According to the accurate horizontal state information of the load-bearing plate collected by the level measurement sensor, the leveling mechanism can adjust the support height according to the leveling instruction to keep the load-bearing plate in a horizontal state. The level adjustment of the fixture is accurate and reliable, the welding efficiency is high, and welding failure can be effectively avoided.

[0056] Through the cooperation of the guide rod and the guide hole, the carrying plate can be limited to move only along the height direction facing the window glass; during the movement of the carrying plate facing the window glass, the carrying plate can remain perpendicular to the guide rod and relatively parallel to the bottom plane of the lower shell, which can effectively avoid large changes in the horizontality of the carrying plate during the movement, resulting in local impact of the workpiece to be welded on the window glass.

[0057] Further features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention with reference to the attached drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0058] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a welding jig provided in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] in:

[0060] 10-upper cover;

[0061] 12- Window glass;

[0062] 14-Raise the frame;

[0063] 20-lower housing;

[0064] 22-first cavity;

[0065] 24-Second cavity;

[0066] 26-guide rod;

[0067] 28-inlet and outlet holes;

[0068] 30-Pump the inflation tube;

[0069] 32-air extraction valve;

[0070] 34- inflation valve;

[0071] 36- Vacuum measurement sensor;

[0072] 40-carrying plate;

[0073] 50-elastic member;

[0074] 60-Level measurement sensor;

[0075] 70-leveling mechanism;

[0076] 80-seal;

[0077] 82-bolt;

[0078] 9-Workpiece to be welded. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0079] The technical solution of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0080] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "said" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.

[0081] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0082] It should be noted that the directional words such as "upper", "lower", "left", and "right" described in the embodiments of the present application are described at the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be understood as limiting the embodiments of the present application. In addition, in the context, it is also necessary to understand that when it is mentioned that an element is connected to another element "upper" or "lower", it can not only be directly connected to another element "upper" or "lower", but also indirectly connected to another element "upper" or "lower" through an intermediate element.

[0083] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a welding jig is provided. The welding jig is used to clamp a workpiece to be welded and to perform laser welding on the workpiece to be welded. For example, the workpiece to be welded may include at least two layers of glass to be welded, and the welding jig is used to clamp the at least two layers of glass and to laser weld two adjacent layers of glass to be welded.

[0084] See also Figure 1 The welding fixture comprises a lower shell 20, an upper cover 10, a bearing plate 40, an elastic member 50 and a pumping and inflating tube 30. The upper cover 10 is detachably connected to the lower shell 20. The upper cover 10 and the lower shell 20 together form a cavity. The upper cover 10 comprises a window glass 12.

[0085] The carrier plate 40 is horizontally arranged in the cavity. The carrier plate 40 is located below the window glass 12. The carrier plate 40 is structured to be suitable for placing the workpiece 9 to be welded. For example, at least two layers of glass to be welded can be placed on the carrier plate 40.

[0086] The support plate 40 is connected to the lower housing 20 via an elastic member 50. The elastic member 50 is made of a material with good elasticity. The elastic member 50 can be deformed when subjected to an external force, and can rebound when the external force disappears, so as to allow the support plate 40 to freely move back and forth toward or away from the window glass 12.

[0087] The carrier plate 40 and the elastic member 50 divide the cavity into a first cavity 22 and a second cavity 24 that are isolated from each other. The carrier plate 40, the elastic member 50, a part of the lower shell 20 and the upper cover 10 together form the first cavity 22. The first cavity 22 is arranged toward the window glass 12. The carrier plate 40, the elastic member 50 and a part of the lower shell 20 together form the second cavity 24. The second cavity 24 is arranged away from the window glass 12.

[0088] The first chamber 22 and the second chamber 24 are isolated from each other and are not connected to each other. In this way, the gas cannot flow between the first chamber 22 and the second chamber 24, and the gas pressures of the first chamber 22 and the second chamber 24 can be set differently.

[0089] The suction and inflation tube 30 is connected to the first cavity 22. The suction and inflation tube 30 can evacuate or inflate the first cavity 22, so that the supporting plate 40 moves toward the window glass 12 or moves away from the window glass 12.

[0090] The structure of the suction and inflation tube 30 can be set as needed, and it can be connected to the first cavity 22 and adjust the air pressure in the first cavity 22 by suction or inflation.

[0091] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The pumping and inflating pipe 30 is arranged through the lower shell 20. The first cavity 22 is connected to the vacuum pump through the pumping and inflating pipe 30. The vacuum pump can pump air or inflate the first cavity 22 through the pumping and inflating pipe 30, thereby adjusting the air pressure in the first cavity 22.

[0092] The suction and filling pipe 30 is provided with a suction valve 32, a filling valve 34 and a vacuum degree measuring sensor 36. The vacuum degree measuring sensor 36 is structured to be suitable for measuring the vacuum degree in the first chamber 22.

[0093] When the exhaust valve 32 is opened, the vacuum pump extracts the gas in the first cavity 22, thereby exhausting the first cavity 22 and reducing the gas pressure in the first cavity 22. When the exhaust valve 32 is closed, the vacuum pump stops extracting the gas in the first cavity 22. In this way, the exhaust valve 32 can control whether the gas in the first cavity 22 is extracted.

[0094] When the exhaust valve 32 is opened for a certain period of time, all the gas in the first cavity 22 can be exhausted, so that the first cavity 22 forms a vacuum, so as to facilitate laser welding of the workpiece under a vacuum environment.

[0095] When the inflation valve 34 is opened, the vacuum pump fills the external gas into the first cavity 22, thereby inflating the first cavity 22 and increasing the air pressure in the first cavity 22. When the inflation valve 34 is closed, the vacuum pump stops filling the external gas into the first cavity 22. In this way, the inflation valve 34 can control whether the external gas is filled into the first cavity 22.

[0096] The lower housing 20 is provided with an air inlet and outlet hole 28. The air inlet and outlet hole 28 connects the second chamber 24 to the external atmosphere. The air pressure in the second chamber 24 is kept the same as the external atmospheric pressure.

[0097] In the initial state, the air pressure in the first cavity 22 and the second cavity 24 is set to the same as the external atmospheric pressure; the elastic member 50 elastically deforms and applies a first elastic force to the supporting plate 40; the first elastic force is equal to and opposite to the gravity of the supporting plate 40, so that the supporting plate 40 is in the initial position.

[0098] When the exhaust valve 32 is opened and the inflation valve 34 is closed, the gas in the first chamber 22 can be evacuated by the inflation tube 30 to form a vacuum. During the evacuation of the first chamber 22, the air pressure in the second chamber 24 is greater than the air pressure in the first chamber 22, which can cause the support plate 40 to move toward the window glass 12 and deform the elastic member 50. When the first chamber 22 forms a vacuum, the support plate 40 is located on one side of the workpiece 9 to be welded and contacts the surface of the workpiece 9 to be welded, and the window glass 12 is located on the other side of the workpiece 9 to be welded and contacts the surface of the workpiece 9 to be welded. The workpiece 9 to be welded is clamped between the support plate 40 and the window glass 12, which facilitates laser welding of the workpiece 9 to be welded in the first chamber 22 in a vacuum environment.

[0099] When the inflation valve 34 is opened and the exhaust valve 32 is closed, external gas can be charged into the first cavity 22 through the exhaust pipe 30, so that the air pressure in the first cavity 22 is restored to the same as the external atmospheric pressure. In the process of charging the external gas into the first cavity 22 to restore the air pressure in the first cavity 22 to the same as the external atmospheric pressure, the support plate 40 can move back to the window glass 12 and return to the initial position, and the elastic member 50 is restored.

[0100] The gas in the first chamber 22 can be evacuated by the pumping and charging tube 30 to form a vacuum, so that the carrier plate 40 moves toward the window glass 12 to continuously and stably clamp the workpiece 9 to be welded between the carrier plate 40 and the window glass 12, and the holding force of the welding fixture is uniform. The workpieces 9 to be welded are evenly fitted, and the fit between the workpieces 9 to be welded can meet the contact requirements, the welding efficiency is high, and there is no safety hazard.

[0101] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The window glass 12 can be set as a flat glass. The surface of the flat window glass 12 facing the carrier plate 40 is a flat structure, which can be evenly attached to the surface of the workpiece 9 to be welded, and it is easy to clamp the workpiece 9 to be welded from the other side of the workpiece 9 to be welded.

[0102] The material of the window glass 12 can be quartz glass or ultra-white glass. The thickness of the window glass 12 can be greater than or equal to 4 mm. Preferably, the thickness of the window glass 12 can be greater than or equal to 10 mm. More preferably, the material of the window glass 12 is ultra-white glass, and the thickness of the window glass 12 is set to 10 mm. The laser can pass through the window glass 12 and irradiate the workpiece 9 to be welded to achieve laser welding.

[0103] The upper cover 10 may further include a heightening frame 14. The heightening frame 14 is a frame-shaped structure arranged around the edge of the window glass 12. The heightening frame 14 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the window glass 12. The heightening frame 14 may be arranged as a metal frame-shaped structure, and its material may be a metal alloy. Preferably, the heightening frame 14 may be made of aluminum alloy.

[0104] The heightening frame 14 is detachably connected to the lower housing 20 , so that the upper cover 10 is detachably connected to the lower housing 20 .

[0105] In the initial state, the upper cover 10 can be raised and connected above the lower shell 20 through the pad frame 14, and the window glass 12 and the supporting plate 40 can be separated by a certain height space, and the window glass 12 will not interfere with the workpiece 9 to be welded placed on the supporting plate 40.

[0106] The surface shape of the window glass 12 can be set to be rectangular, square, or circular. The surface shape of the lower shell 20 can be set corresponding to the surface shape of the window glass 12. The plane peripheral size of the lower shell 20 is set to be the same as the plane peripheral size of the window glass 12. Specifically, the projection size of the lower shell 20 on the horizontal plane is set to be the same as the projection size of the window glass 12 on the horizontal plane. In this way, the upper cover 10 and the lower shell 20 with the same peripheral size can be covered together.

[0107] The material of the lower shell 20 is marble or heat-treated cast iron. Preferably, the material of the lower shell 20 can be heat-treated cast iron, and it is designed to reduce weight. The lower shell 20 is easy to set a hole structure, so as to form the air inlet and outlet holes 28 or install the air pumping and charging pipe 30.

[0108] A seal 80 may be provided between the raising frame 14 and the lower shell 20. The surfaces of the seal 80 are in contact with the lower shell 20 and the raising frame 14, respectively, so as to block the gap between the raising frame 14 and the lower shell 20. For example, the seal 80 may be provided as a sealing ring structure made of rubber material.

[0109] The elastic member 50 can be configured as a frame-shaped structure. The elastic member 50 has an inner edge disposed inwardly and an outer edge disposed outwardly. The inner edge of the frame-shaped elastic member 50 is connected to the bearing plate 40 , and the outer edge of the frame-shaped elastic member 50 is connected to the lower housing 20 .

[0110] The elastic member 50 may be made of an elastic metal plate or rubber. Preferably, the elastic member 50 may be made of rubber.

[0111] The support plate 40 is connected to the lower housing 20 via an elastic member 50 to isolate and disconnect the first cavity 22 and the second cavity 24. The elastic member 50 can be elastically deformed when the first cavity 22 is evacuated or inflated to allow the support plate 40 to freely reciprocate toward or away from the window glass 12.

[0112] The material of the bearing plate 40 can be marble or heat-treated cast iron. The bearing plate 40 is made of marble or heat-treated cast iron with high rigidity and good flatness, small deformation and stable shape. Preferably, the material of the bearing plate 40 can be heat-treated cast iron, and it is designed to reduce weight.

[0113] The carrier plate 40 can be set as a flat plate structure. The flatness error of the carrier plate 40 surface is less than 10 μm. The flat plate carrier plate 40 surface is a plane structure with a small flatness error, which can be evenly attached to the surface of the workpiece 9 to be welded, and it is easy to clamp the workpiece 9 to be welded from one side of the workpiece 9 to be welded.

[0114] The surface shape of the carrier plate 40 and the surface shape of the window glass 12 can be set to be the same. For example, the surface shape of the carrier plate 40 can be set to be rectangular, square, or circular. The thickness of the carrier plate 40 can be greater than or equal to 1 / 12 of the length or diameter of the carrier plate 40. For example, the surface shape of the carrier plate 40 can be set to be rectangular or square, and the thickness of the carrier plate 40 can be greater than or equal to 1 / 12 of the length of the carrier plate 40. For another example, the surface shape of the carrier plate 40 can be set to be circular, and the thickness of the carrier plate 40 can be greater than or equal to 1 / 12 of the diameter of the carrier plate 40.

[0115] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 At least four guide rods 26 extending along the height direction Z may be provided on the lower housing 20. Guide holes are provided on the bearing plate 40. The bottom plane of the lower housing 20 is perpendicular to the height direction.

[0116] The number of guide rods 26 is equal to the number of guide holes, and the positions are respectively arranged correspondingly. The guide rods 26 are respectively inserted into the corresponding guide holes, so that the bearing plate 40 is always perpendicular to the guide rods 26.

[0117] The cooperation between the guide rod 26 and the guide hole can limit the bearing plate 40 to reciprocate only in the height direction. The bearing plate 40 can remain perpendicular to the guide rod 26 and relatively parallel to the bottom plane of the lower shell 20 during the reciprocating movement, which can effectively prevent the bearing plate 40 from changing greatly in levelness during the movement, causing the workpiece to be welded to partially impact the window glass 12.

[0118] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 1At least three leveling mechanisms 70 are connected to the bottom of the lower shell 20. The leveling mechanisms 70 are configured to support the lower shell 20 respectively; and the support heights of the leveling mechanisms 70 are adjustable. By adjusting the support height of at least one of the at least three leveling mechanisms 70, the horizontality of the carrying plate 40 can be adjusted.

[0119] Preferably, the welding fixture may further include a levelness measuring sensor 60 and a control system. The levelness measuring sensor 60 is a type of angle sensor, and its function is to measure the levelness of the carrier, and is also called an inclination sensor. The levelness measuring sensor 60 may be fixedly mounted on the carrier plate 40 to collect horizontal state information of the carrier plate 40.

[0120] The control system is electrically connected to the level measurement sensor 60 , and is used to generate a leveling instruction according to the horizontal state information of the support plate 40 collected by the level sensor, and send the leveling instruction to the leveling mechanism 70 .

[0121] The leveling mechanism 70 is electrically connected to the control system and is used to adjust the support height according to the leveling instruction so that the carrier plate 40 is in a horizontal state. According to the leveling instruction, the support height of at least one of the at least three leveling mechanisms 70 can be adjusted accordingly to make the carrier plate 40 in a horizontal state. For example, the leveling mechanism 70 can adopt a servo leveling mechanism, and the servo leveling mechanism 70 can achieve leveling by adjusting the height of the support column through a servo motor.

[0122] The material of the load-bearing plate 40 in this embodiment can be marble or heat-treated cast iron with high rigidity and good flatness assurance. The load-bearing plate 40 has small deformation and stable shape, which can ensure that the horizontal state information of the load-bearing plate 40 collected by the level measurement sensor 60 is accurate and efficient. According to the accurate horizontal state information of the load-bearing plate 40 collected by the level measurement sensor 60, the leveling mechanism 70 adjusts the support height accordingly according to the leveling instruction, so that the load-bearing plate 40 can be kept in a horizontal state. The level adjustment of the fixture is accurate and reliable, the welding efficiency is high, and welding failure can be effectively avoided.

[0123] Of course, in other embodiments, the workpieces to be welded may include glass and non-glass workpieces to be welded, and the welding jig is used to clamp the glass and non-glass workpieces to be welded, and laser welding is performed on the workpieces to be welded. For example, the non-glass workpieces to be welded may be semiconductors, ceramics, etc.

[0124] According to the same inventive concept, this embodiment also provides a welding method, which is used to clamp the workpiece to be welded and perform laser welding on the workpiece to be welded.

[0125] See also Figure 1 , the welding method comprises:

[0126] Step 1:

[0127] The aforementioned welding jig is provided. The upper cover 10 is opened, and the workpiece 9 to be welded is placed on the carrier plate 40 and then the upper cover 10 is closed. For example, the workpiece 9 to be welded may include at least two layers of glass to be welded.

[0128] Step 2:

[0129] The first chamber 22 is evacuated through the evacuation and inflation tube 30 , so that the support plate 40 moves toward the window glass 12 , and the elastic member 50 is deformed.

[0130] In this step, the inflation valve 34 is closed and the exhaust valve 32 is opened, and the first cavity 22 is exhausted through the inflation tube 30, so that the air pressure in the second cavity 24 is greater than the air pressure in the first cavity 22, thereby generating an air pressure difference. Under the action of the pressure difference between the second cavity 24 and the first cavity 22, the support plate 40 moves toward the window glass 12, and the elastic member 50 is deformed accordingly.

[0131] At least four guide rods 26 extending in the height direction may be provided on the lower shell 20. Guide holes are provided on the bearing plate 40. The number of guide rods 26 is equal to the number of guide holes, and the positions are respectively provided. The guide rods 26 are respectively inserted into the corresponding guide holes, so as to make the bearing plate 40 always perpendicular to the guide rods 26. Through the cooperation of the guide rods 26 and the guide holes, the bearing plate 40 can be limited to reciprocating movement only in the height direction. During the reciprocating movement of the bearing plate 40, it can remain perpendicular to the guide rods 26 and parallel to the bottom plane of the lower shell 20, which can effectively avoid a large change in the horizontality during the movement of the bearing plate 40, resulting in greater difficulty in adjusting the horizontality of the bearing plate 40.

[0132] Step 3:

[0133] The carrier plate 40 and the window glass 12 clamp the workpiece 9 to be welded from both sides respectively so that the workpiece 9 to be welded fits evenly, and the vacuum degree in the first cavity 22 reaches the requirement.

[0134] In this step, the support plate 40 and the window glass 12 can both be set to a flat plate structure. The surfaces of the support plate 40 and the window glass 12 are planar structures. The relative surfaces of the support plate 40 and the window glass 12 can be evenly fitted with the surfaces of the workpieces 9 to be welded. The workpieces 9 to be welded can be clamped between the support plate 40 and the window glass 12 continuously and stably. The clamping force of the welding fixture is uniform. The workpieces 9 to be welded are evenly fitted, and the fit between the workpieces 9 to be welded can meet the contact requirements, avoiding the presence of air between the workpieces 9 to be welded.

[0135] The setting requirements for the vacuum degree in the first cavity 22 may be: the vacuum degree pressure value in the first cavity 22 is less than 0.1 KPa and the vacuum degree is stable.

[0136] Step 4: Laser welding the workpiece 9 to be welded.

[0137] In this step, when laser welding the workpiece 9 to be welded, the workpiece 9 to be welded maintains uniform adhesion, the welding efficiency is high, and there is no safety hazard.

[0138] Step 5:

[0139] The first chamber 22 is inflated by pumping the inflation tube 30 , so that the supporting plate 40 moves back to the window glass 12 and returns to its original position, and the elastic member 50 returns to its original position.

[0140] In this step, the exhaust valve 32 is closed and the inflation valve 34 is opened, and the first chamber 22 is inflated through the inflation tube 30, so that the air pressure in the second chamber 24 is restored to be equal to the external atmospheric pressure, so that the supporting plate 40 can move back to the window glass 12 and reset, and the elastic member 50 can be reset.

[0141] Step 6:

[0142] Open the upper cover 10 and take out the welded workpiece.

[0143] Preferably, the welding fixture further includes a levelness measuring sensor 60 and a control system. The levelness measuring sensor 60 can be fixedly mounted on the carrier plate 40 to collect horizontal state information of the carrier plate 40. At least three leveling mechanisms 70 are connected to the bottom of the lower shell 20. The support heights of the leveling mechanisms 70 can be adjusted to adjust the levelness of the carrier plate 40.

[0144] In the above step 3, the following steps are also included:

[0145] The levelness measuring sensor 60 collects the levelness information of the carrying plate 40 and transmits the collected levelness information of the carrying plate 40 to the control system;

[0146] The control system generates a leveling command and transmits the leveling command to the leveling mechanism 70;

[0147] According to the leveling instruction, the leveling mechanism 70 adjusts the support height to make the supporting plate 40 in a horizontal state.

[0148] In this step, according to the leveling instruction, the support height of at least one of the at least three leveling mechanisms 70 can be adjusted accordingly to make the supporting plate 40 in a horizontal state.

[0149] The material of the load-bearing plate 40 can be marble or heat-treated cast iron with high rigidity and good flatness assurance. The load-bearing plate 40 has small deformation and stable shape, which can ensure that the horizontal state information of the load-bearing plate 40 collected by the level measurement sensor 60 is accurate and efficient. According to the accurate horizontal state information of the load-bearing plate 40 collected by the level measurement sensor 60, the leveling mechanism 70 can adjust the support height accordingly according to the leveling instruction, so that the load-bearing plate 40 can be kept in a horizontal state. The level adjustment of the fixture is accurate and reliable, the welding efficiency is high, and welding failure can be effectively avoided.

[0150] Of course, in other embodiments, the workpieces to be welded may include glass and non-glass workpieces to be welded. The welding method is used to clamp the glass and non-glass workpieces to be welded and perform laser welding on the workpieces to be welded. For example, the non-glass workpieces to be welded may be semiconductors, ceramics, etc.

[0151] In the present invention, the gas in the first cavity can be pumped out to form a vacuum by pumping the gas-filling tube, so that the carrier plate moves toward the window glass to continuously and stably clamp the workpiece to be welded between the carrier plate and the window glass, and the clamping force of the welding fixture is uniform. The workpieces to be welded are evenly fitted, and the fit between the workpieces to be welded can meet the contact requirements, the welding efficiency is high, and there is no safety hazard.

[0152] The material of the load-bearing plate can be marble or heat-treated cast iron with high rigidity and good flatness. The load-bearing plate has small deformation and stable shape, which can ensure that the horizontal state information of the load-bearing plate collected by the level measurement sensor is accurate and efficient. According to the accurate horizontal state information of the load-bearing plate collected by the level measurement sensor, the leveling mechanism can adjust the support height according to the leveling instruction to keep the load-bearing plate in a horizontal state. The level adjustment of the fixture is accurate and reliable, the welding efficiency is high, and welding failure can be effectively avoided.

[0153] Through the cooperation of the guide rod and the guide hole, the carrying plate can be limited to move only along the height direction facing the window glass; during the movement of the carrying plate facing the window glass, the carrying plate can remain perpendicular to the guide rod and relatively parallel to the bottom plane of the lower shell body, which can effectively avoid large changes in the horizontality of the carrying plate during the movement, resulting in local impact of the workpiece to be welded on the window glass.

[0154] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent substitution or improvement within the spirit of the present invention is included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding jig, characterized in that: include: Lower housing; An upper cover, which is detachably connected to the lower shell and forms a cavity with the lower shell; the upper cover includes a window glass; A carrying plate, which is horizontally arranged in the cavity and located below the window glass, and is used to place the workpiece to be welded; an elastic member, wherein the carrying plate is connected to the lower housing through the elastic member; the elastic member is configured to be elastically deformable so that the carrying plate can move toward or away from the window glass; the carrying plate and the elastic member separate the cavity into a first cavity facing the window glass and a second cavity facing away from the window glass; A pumping and inflating tube is connected to the first cavity and is used to pump air or inflate the first cavity so that the supporting plate moves toward or away from the window glass.

2. The welding jig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing plate, the elastic member, a portion of the lower shell and the upper cover form the first cavity; The pumping and charging pipe is arranged through the lower shell to connect the first cavity to the vacuum pump, so as to adjust the air pressure in the first cavity; The lower shell is provided with air inlet and outlet holes for connecting the second cavity to the external atmosphere; The pumping and filling pipe is provided with a pumping valve for controlling whether to pump out the gas in the first cavity, a filling valve for controlling whether to fill the external gas into the first cavity, and a vacuum degree measuring sensor for measuring the vacuum degree in the first cavity, and is configured to: The gas in the first cavity is evacuated to form a vacuum, so that the support plate moves toward the window glass until the workpiece to be welded is clamped between the support plate and the window glass, and the elastic member is deformed; or, External gas is filled into the first cavity to move the supporting plate away from the window glass and reset it.

3. The welding jig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The window glass is flat glass; The upper cover also includes a cushioning frame; the cushioning frame is arranged around the edge of the window glass and is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the window glass; The heightening frame is detachably connected to the lower shell; a sealing member is arranged between the heightening frame and the lower shell for sealing a gap between the heightening frame and the lower shell.

4. The welding jig according to claim 3, characterized in that: The window glass is made of quartz glass or ultra-white glass; The thickness of the window glass is greater than or equal to 4 mm; The material of the heightening frame is metal alloy.

5. The welding jig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface shape of the window glass is rectangular, square or circular; The plane outer dimensions of the lower shell are set to be the same as the plane outer dimensions of the window glass; The lower shell is made of marble or heat-treated cast iron.

6. The welding jig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic member is made of elastic metal plate or rubber; The elastic member is a frame-shaped structure; the inner edge of the elastic member is connected to the bearing plate, and the outer edge is connected to the lower shell.

7. The welding jig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower shell is provided with at least four guide rods extending in the height direction; The bearing plate is provided with guide holes; the number of the guide rods is equal to the number of the guide holes, and the positions are respectively provided correspondingly; The guide rods are respectively inserted into the corresponding guide holes to ensure that the bearing plate is always perpendicular to the guide rods.

8. The welding jig according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the bearing plate is marble or heat-treated cast iron; The carrier plate is a flat plate structure, and the flatness error of the carrier plate surface is less than 10 μm; The thickness of the bearing plate is greater than or equal to 1 / 12 of the length or diameter of the bearing plate.

9. The welding jig according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least three leveling mechanisms are connected to the bottom of the lower shell to support the lower shell; The supporting heights of the leveling mechanisms are adjustable to adjust the horizontality of the bearing plates.

10. The welding jig according to claim 9, characterized in that: It also includes a levelness measurement sensor and a control system for collecting the levelness information of the load-bearing plate; The control system is electrically connected to the level measurement sensor, and is used to generate a leveling instruction based on the horizontal state information collected by the level sensor, and send the leveling instruction to the leveling mechanism; the leveling mechanism is electrically connected to the control system, and is used to adjust the support height according to the leveling instruction so that the supporting plate is in a horizontal state.

11. A welding method, characterized in that: include: Providing a welding jig according to any one of claims 1 to 10; Open the upper cover, place the workpiece to be welded on the carrier plate and then close the upper cover; The first cavity is evacuated through the air pumping pipe, so that the bearing plate moves toward the window glass and the elastic member is deformed; the bearing plate and the window glass clamp the workpiece to be welded from both sides respectively so that the workpiece to be welded fits evenly, and the vacuum degree in the first cavity reaches the set requirement; Laser welding of workpieces to be welded; Inflate the first chamber by pumping the inflation tube, so that the bearing plate moves back to the window glass and resets; Open the upper cover and take out the welded workpiece.

12. The welding method according to claim 11, characterized in that: The welding jig also includes a levelness measuring sensor and a control system. At least three leveling mechanisms are connected to the bottom of the lower shell. The support heights of the leveling mechanisms are adjustable to adjust the levelness of the load-bearing plate. The carrier plate and the window glass clamp the workpieces to be welded from both sides to make the workpieces to be welded evenly, and the vacuum degree in the first cavity reaches the set requirements, and then it also includes: The levelness measuring sensor collects the levelness information of the load-bearing plate, and transmits the collected levelness information of the load-bearing plate to the control system; The control system generates a leveling command and transmits the leveling command to the leveling mechanism; According to the leveling instruction, the leveling mechanism adjusts the support height to make the load-bearing plate in a horizontal state.

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