Laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing device and printing method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a non-vertical scanning printing device and a printing method for a laser motion axis, belonging to the field of laser processing technology. The device comprises a laser head, an X-axis galvanometer, a Y-axis scanning unit and a printing work surface. The laser emitted by the laser head is scanned on the printing work surface through the X-axis galvanometer and the Y-axis scanning unit. The rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer is non-vertical to the incident angle of the laser, so that when the X-axis galvanometer rotates at a constant speed, the laser moves at a speed V. x Move along the X-axis of the printing surface at a constant speed and generate a speed of V in the Y-axis direction y The uniform displacement motion, V y =V x sin(θ), θ is the angle between the X-axis galvanometer rotation axis and the laser incident angle; the Y-axis scanning unit is used to make the laser move along the Y-axis direction of the printing work surface at a speed of V y The Y-axis scanning unit of the present invention can always keep moving at a constant speed, thereby improving printing efficiency and reducing the requirements of the printing system by moving at a constant speed and then canceling the deviation when the deviation is in the opposite direction of the deviation movement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of laser processing, and in particular relates to a non-vertical scanning printing device and a printing method for a laser motion axis. Background Art

[0002] Laser processing, such as laser cutting, laser welding, laser marking, and laser 3D printing, typically uses a galvanometer or reflected single laser beam to scan a curved image on a two-dimensional work plane or curved surface. Laser processing is an advanced rapid processing and manufacturing technology.

[0003] Laser 3D printing uses a single laser beam, which is reflected by a galvanometer module, to scan and print the pattern layer by layer on the print surface. Currently, there are several types of 3D printing, including SLA, SLS, and SLM, depending on the printing material. In 3D printing, SLA, SLS, and SLM use a galvanometer module to reflect a single laser beam, scanning and printing the image on a two-dimensional work surface. Compared to traditional subtractive manufacturing techniques, 3D printing is an advanced additive manufacturing technology for rapidly producing parts.

[0004] Current laser 3D printing technology, such as the multi-channel laser 3D printing device and its scanning method disclosed in the invention patent with authorization publication number CN116174747B, includes a printing device comprising: a motion mechanism for mounting a print head, a Y-axis galvanometer, and an X-axis galvanometer, and driving the print head, Y-axis galvanometer, and X-axis galvanometer to move at a constant speed along the Y-axis; a print head for emitting a multi-channel laser for scanning toward the Y-axis galvanometer; a Y-axis galvanometer for reflecting the multi-channel laser to the X-axis galvanometer, and during a round of scanning by the X-axis galvanometer, causing the reflected multi-channel laser to scan at a constant speed in the opposite direction of the Y-axis, with the scanning speed being the same as the movement speed of the print head; and an X-axis galvanometer for reflecting the multi-channel laser onto the printing work surface and scanning at a constant speed along the X-axis. In all of the above schemes, the XY reflection axes are perpendicular to each other, responsible for scanning the laser beams in the XY axes respectively, and are ultimately combined to achieve pattern printing of the entire format. This is also the common practice of all current laser reflection scanning printing systems. Reflective devices commonly used in processing by reflecting laser beams include galvanometers, rotating mirrors, etc., and their compositions also include single-axis and dual-axis. Single-axis and dual-axis can be either galvanometers or rotating mirrors, or a combination of the two. In traditional solutions, the laser incident direction is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the reflective device. If it is a dual-axis reflection system, the laser incident direction, the X rotation axis, and the Y rotation axis are also perpendicular to each other. In printing, these solutions can clearly distinguish that the two XY printing directions are respectively responsible for the two XY rotating reflectors. For any pattern to be printed, its scanning direction is decomposed into XY axis components, and the components can be used to control the XY motors separately, which is relatively simple to control.

[0005] However, for some special application scenarios, such as solar photovoltaic panels, the surface needs to be engraved with many closely spaced, parallel thin lines as electrodes. For example, the parallel lines are spaced 1mm apart and 300mm long. When using a galvanometer motor to reflect the laser to scan these lines, one of the two galvanometer mirrors is required to perform fast scanning and the other to perform slow scanning. Both mirrors need to perform discontinuous return motions, resulting in low printing efficiency and high requirements for the printing equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a non-vertical scanning printing device and printing method for the laser motion axis, so as to solve the problems of existing 3D printing technology, such as the need for both reflectors to perform discontinuous return motion, low printing efficiency, and high requirements for the printing system.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0008] The present invention relates to a non-vertical scanning printing device for a laser motion axis, which comprises a laser head, an X-axis galvanometer, a Y-axis scanning unit and a printing work surface. The laser emitted by the laser head is scanned on the printing work surface through the X-axis galvanometer and the Y-axis scanning unit. The rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer is non-vertical to the incident angle of the laser, so that when the X-axis galvanometer rotates at a uniform speed, the laser moves at a speed of 0.001mm. V x Move uniformly along the X-axis direction of the printing work surface and generate a speed of V y The uniform displacement motion, V y = V x ·sin( i ), i is the angle between the X-axis galvanometer rotation axis and the laser incident angle; the Y-axis scanning unit is used to make the laser move along the Y-axis direction of the printing work surface at a speed of V y Move at a constant speed, thereby canceling out the offset when moving in the opposite direction of the offset.

[0009] Preferably, the X-axis galvanometer is a plane mirror or a rotating mirror.

[0010] Preferably, the Y-axis scanning unit is a moving platform for driving the laser head to move along the Y-axis direction.

[0011] Preferably, the Y-axis scanning unit is a Y-axis galvanometer that moves the laser along the Y-axis direction, and the rotation axis of the Y-axis galvanometer is perpendicular to the incident angle of the laser.

[0012] The present invention also relates to a laser motion axis non-perpendicular scanning printing method, which is implemented based on the above-mentioned laser motion axis non-perpendicular scanning printing device and includes the following steps:

[0013] S1. Start the laser head and the laser head emits laser;

[0014] S2. The laser is shot into the X-axis galvanometer, which reflects the laser onto the printing surface. The X-axis galvanometer rotates at a constant speed. The laser is shot at a speed of V x Move uniformly along the X-axis direction of the printing work surface and generate a speed of V y The uniform displacement motion, V y = V x ·sin( i ), i The angle between the X-axis galvanometer rotation axis and the laser incident angle is used. At the same time, the Y-axis scanning unit is used to make the laser move along the Y-axis direction of the printing work surface at a speed of V y Move at a constant speed and offset the offset when moving in the opposite direction of the offset;

[0015] S3. Scan and print using a laser that offsets offset motion.

[0016] Preferably, the X-axis galvanometer is a plane reflective mirror. In S2, when the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer is consistent with the direction in which the laser is moved by the Y-axis scanning unit, the laser head is turned off; when the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer is opposite to the direction in which the laser is moved by the Y-axis scanning unit, the laser head is started.

[0017] Preferably, the X-axis galvanometer is a rotating mirror, and in S2, the Y-axis scanning unit moves the laser in a direction that is always opposite to the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer.

[0018] Preferably, the Y-axis scanning unit is a Y-axis galvanometer that moves the laser along the Y-axis direction. The rotation axis of the Y-axis galvanometer is perpendicular to the incident angle of the laser. The relationship between the rotation angular velocity of the Y-axis galvanometer and the rotation angular velocity of the X-axis galvanometer is:

[0019] oh y = oh x ·sin( i ),

[0020] in, oh y is the rotational angular velocity of the Y-axis galvanometer, ohx is the rotational angular velocity of the X-axis galvanometer, i is the angle between the X-axis galvanometer rotation axis and the laser incident angle.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The laser motion axis non-vertical scanning printing device of the present invention sets the rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer to be non-vertical to the incident angle of the laser, so that when the X-axis galvanometer rotates at a constant speed, the laser moves at a speed of V x Move uniformly along the X-axis direction of the printing work surface and generate a speed of V y The laser moves along the Y axis of the printing surface at a speed of V y By moving at a constant speed, the offset is offset when the offset movement direction is opposite. In this way, the Y-axis scanning unit can always maintain a constant speed motion instead of a return motion, thereby improving printing efficiency and reducing the requirements of the printing system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser motion axis non-perpendicular scanning printing device according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the non-perpendicular setting of the laser and the X-axis galvanometer;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a comparison of the laser movement direction when the laser is set perpendicular to the X-axis galvanometer and when it is not set perpendicular to the X-axis galvanometer;

[0026] Figure 4 This is the scanning path diagram when the X-axis galvanometer uses a plane mirror and the laser head is in the normally open state;

[0027] Figure 5 This is the scanning path diagram when the laser head is switched on and off at intervals when the X-axis galvanometer uses a plane mirror.

[0028] Illustration: 1-Laser head, 2-X-axis galvanometer, 3-Printing work surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to further understand the content of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0030] Refer to the attached Figure 1As shown, the present invention relates to a non-vertical scanning printing device with a laser motion axis, which includes a laser head 1, an X-axis galvanometer 2, a Y-axis scanning unit and a printing working surface 3. The laser emitted by the laser head passes through the X-axis galvanometer 2 and the Y-axis scanning unit to realize scanning on the printing working surface 3.

[0031] Refer to the attached Figure 2 As shown, the rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer 2 of the present invention is not perpendicular to the incident angle of the laser. Figure 3 As stated, Figure 3 (a) and Figure 3 (b) The scanning path diagram of the laser when the X-axis galvanometer 2 is rotated is shown in the following cases: the rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer 2 is perpendicular to the incident angle of the laser and the rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer 2 is not perpendicular to the incident angle of the laser. Figure 3 It can be seen that when the rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer 2 is not perpendicular to the incident angle of the laser, when the X-axis galvanometer 2 rotates at a constant speed, the laser V x Move uniformly along the X-axis direction of the printing work surface 3 and generate a speed of V y The uniform displacement motion of V y = V x ·sin( i ), i is the angle between the rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer 2 and the laser incident angle; Figure 3 (b) is a diagram of the laser path when the Y-axis scanning unit stops working. However, during the scanning process, the laser scanning path is as parallel to the X-axis direction as possible. Therefore, the Y-axis scanning unit of the present invention is used to make the laser move along the Y-axis direction of the printing work surface at a speed of V y Move at a constant speed to offset the offset.

[0032] In the present invention, the X-axis galvanometer 2 can be a plane mirror or a rotating mirror. When the X-axis galvanometer 2 is a plane mirror, it needs to rotate clockwise and counterclockwise alternately. Therefore, when the X-axis galvanometer 2 rotates in one direction, the offset will be added, and when the X-axis galvanometer 2 rotates in the other direction, the offset will be offset, thereby forming the following when the laser head is normally open: Figure 4 The laser scanning path is shown in the figure. For this purpose, when a plane reflector is used as an X-axis galvanometer, it is necessary to turn off the laser head when the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer is consistent with the direction in which the laser moves by the Y-axis scanning unit (when the offset is superimposed); start the laser head when the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer is opposite to the direction in which the laser moves by the Y-axis scanning unit (when the offset is offset), and finally form the following Figure 5The scanning path shown. When the X-axis galvanometer 2 is a rotating mirror, considering that the rotating mirror has only one rotation direction, there are no two scanning paths in the positive and negative directions of the X-axis. It is sufficient to ensure that the Y-axis scanning unit always moves the laser in the opposite direction of the Y-axis offset caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer.

[0033] The Y-axis scanning unit is a moving platform for driving the laser head to move along the Y-axis direction or a Y-axis galvanometer for moving the laser along the Y-axis direction. When the Y-axis galvanometer is selected, the rotation axis of the Y-axis galvanometer is perpendicular to the incident angle of the laser. V y = V x ·sin( i ), which is converted into angular velocity: oh y = oh x ·sin( i ),in, oh y is the rotational angular velocity of the Y-axis galvanometer, oh x is the rotational angular velocity of the X-axis galvanometer, i is the angle between the X-axis galvanometer rotation axis and the laser incident angle.

[0034] The present invention relates to a laser motion axis non-perpendicular scanning printing method, which is implemented based on the above-mentioned laser motion axis non-perpendicular scanning printing device and includes the following steps:

[0035] S1. Start laser head 1, and laser head 1 emits laser;

[0036] S2. The laser is shot into the X-axis galvanometer 2, which reflects the laser onto the printing work surface 3. The X-axis galvanometer rotates at a constant speed. The laser is shot at a speed of V x Move uniformly along the X-axis direction of the printing work surface 3 and generate a speed of V y The uniform displacement motion, V y = V x ·sin( i ), i The angle between the X-axis galvanometer rotation axis and the laser incident angle is used. At the same time, the Y-axis scanning unit is used to make the laser move along the Y-axis direction of the printing work surface at a speed of V y Move at a constant speed and offset the offset when moving in the opposite direction of the offset;

[0037] In this step, if the X-axis galvanometer 2 is a plane reflective mirror, when the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer is consistent with the direction in which the laser is moved by the Y-axis scanning unit, the laser head is turned off; when the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer is opposite to the direction in which the laser is moved by the Y-axis scanning unit, the laser head is started; if the X-axis galvanometer 2 is a rotating mirror, the direction in which the laser is moved by the Y-axis scanning unit is always opposite to the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer 2.

[0038] In this step, if the Y-axis scanning unit is a moving platform for driving the laser head 1 to move along the Y-axis direction, it is necessary to V y If the Y-axis scanning unit is a Y-axis galvanometer that moves the laser along the Y-axis direction, the laser head 1 can be moved at a constant speed according to the moving speed of the laser in the X-axis direction. V x and the offset speed in the Y-axis direction V y The rotational angular velocity of the Y-axis galvanometer can be calculated based on the rotational velocity of the X-axis galvanometer 2, that is: oh y = oh x ·sin( i ),in, oh y is the rotational angular velocity of the Y-axis galvanometer, oh x is the rotational angular velocity of the X-axis galvanometer, i is the angle between the X-axis galvanometer rotation axis and the laser incident angle.

[0039] S3. Scan and print using a laser that offsets offset motion.

[0040] The above embodiment illustrates that a single galvanometer system can apply the solutions of the present invention. It should be noted that the present invention is also applicable to a multi-channel printing system.

[0041] The present invention has been described in detail above with reference to the embodiments. However, the contents described are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laser motion axis non-perpendicular scanning printing method, which is implemented based on a laser motion axis non-perpendicular scanning printing device, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Start the laser head and the laser head emits laser; S2. The laser is shot into the X-axis galvanometer, which reflects the laser onto the printing surface. The X-axis galvanometer rotates at a constant speed. The laser is shot at a speed of V x Move uniformly along the X-axis direction of the printing work surface and generate a speed of V y The uniform displacement motion, V y = V x ·sin( θ ), θ The angle between the X-axis galvanometer rotation axis and the laser incident angle is used. At the same time, the Y-axis scanning unit is used to make the laser move along the Y-axis direction of the printing work surface at a speed of V y Move at a constant speed and offset the offset when moving in the opposite direction of the offset; S3. Scan and print using a laser that offsets the offset motion; The laser motion axis non-perpendicular scanning printing device comprises a laser head, an X-axis galvanometer, a Y-axis scanning unit and a printing work surface, wherein the rotation axis of the X-axis galvanometer is non-perpendicular to the incident angle of the laser.

2. The laser motion axis non-perpendicular scanning printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axis galvanometer is a plane reflective mirror. In S2, when the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer is consistent with the direction in which the laser moves by the Y-axis scanning unit, the laser head is turned off; when the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer is opposite to the direction in which the laser moves by the Y-axis scanning unit, the laser head is started.

3. The laser motion axis non-perpendicular scanning printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X-axis galvanometer is a rotating mirror. In S2, the Y-axis scanning unit makes the direction of laser movement always opposite to the offset direction of the laser in the Y-axis direction caused by the rotation of the X-axis galvanometer.

4. The laser motion axis non-perpendicular scanning printing method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Y-axis scanning unit is a Y-axis galvanometer that moves the laser along the Y-axis direction. The rotation axis of the Y-axis galvanometer is perpendicular to the incident angle of the laser. The relationship between the rotation angular velocity of the Y-axis galvanometer and the rotation angular velocity of the X-axis galvanometer is: ω y = ω x ·sin( θ ), in, ω y is the rotational angular velocity of the Y-axis galvanometer, ω x is the rotational angular velocity of the X-axis galvanometer, θ is the angle between the X-axis galvanometer rotation axis and the laser incident angle.

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