A high-fertilizer-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by using a microbial fermentation technology and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a high-fertilizer-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by using a microbial fermentation technology and a preparation method thereof. The seaweed fertilizer comprises a granular fertilizer and a coating material. The granular fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 320-325 parts of urea, 210-230 parts of potassium sulfate, 150-170 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 100-120 parts of diammonium phosphate, 50-55 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 12-14 parts of borax, 3-6 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 8-10 parts of EDTA chelated manganese, 2-6 parts of EDTA chelated zinc, 1-3 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 50-60 parts of seaweed extract and 0.2-0.4 parts of microbial inoculum. The seaweed fertilizer of the present invention can improve the lodging resistance and disease resistance of wheat and increase the wheat yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a high-fertilizer-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by using a microbial fermentation technology and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Wheat is one of the most important food crops in China. It is crucial to effectively utilize limited land resources and improve the yield and quality of wheat crops. However, the occurrence of wheat diseases every year will lead to a reduction in wheat production. Wheat lodging is a common cultivation problem and one of the important factors restricting the high and stable yield of rice. In the middle and late growth stages of wheat, due to climate factors or improper cultivation measures, large areas of wheat lodge, seriously affecting wheat maturity, reducing the grain weight of wheat, and causing a decrease in yield, resulting in serious economic losses.

[0003] Seaweed fertilizer is a natural organic fertilizer derived from seaweeds in the ocean, especially brown seaweeds such as Macrocystis pyrifera and Ascophyllum nodosum. This fertilizer is rich in various nutrients beneficial to plant growth, including trace elements, plant hormones, organic substances, etc. Seaweed fertilizer can improve soil structure, promote the healthy growth of crops, and enhance the stress resistance of crops.

[0004] At present, various seaweed fertilizer products have emerged on the market. For example, the special seaweed fertilizer for peanuts of Stanley Chemical Fertilizer Co., Ltd. However, there is currently no seaweed fertilizer specifically for wheat disease resistance and yield increase on the market.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a high-fertilizer-efficiency seaweed fertilizer specifically for wheat and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-fertilizer-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by using a microbial fermentation technology and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A high-fertilizer-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by using a microbial fermentation technology, the seaweed fertilizer comprising a granular fertilizer and a coating material, the granular fertilizer comprising the following components in parts by mass: 320 - 325 parts of urea, 210 - 230 parts of potassium sulfate, 150 - 170 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 100 - 120 parts of diammonium phosphate, 50 - 55 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 12 - 14 parts of borax, 3 - 6 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 8 - 10 parts of EDTA chelated manganese, 2 - 6 parts of EDTA chelated zinc, 1 - 3 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 50 - 60 parts of seaweed extract, and 0.2 - 0.4 parts of microbial inoculum;

[0009] The preparation method of the seaweed extract comprises the following steps:

[0010] (1) Wash the giant kelp, dry it, and crush it into seaweed particles with a particle size less than 0.3 mm. Add water with a mass multiple of 3 - 5 times that of the seaweed particles to the seaweed particles, and grind them with a pulper to obtain a crushed liquid.

[0011] (2) Add the crushed liquid to a pressure tank. After increasing the pressure of the pressure tank to 0.7 - 0.9 MPa, reduce the pressure of the pressure tank to 0 Pa within 1 second to obtain the burst seaweed liquid.

[0012] (3) Continue to add water with a mass multiple of 3 - 5 times that of the seaweed particles to the burst seaweed liquid to obtain a mixed liquid. Add a compound bacterium to the mixed liquid and carry out anaerobic fermentation at 35 - 38 °C for 10 - 12 h to obtain a fermentation product.

[0013] (4) Concentrate the fermentation product to 2 / 5 - 3 / 5 of the volume of the fermentation product to obtain a seaweed extract.

[0014] Further, the compound bacterium includes Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus.

[0015] Further, the dosage of Bifidobacterium longum in the mixed liquid is 10 10 CFU / mL - 10 11 CFU / mL; the dosage of Bifidobacterium lactis in the mixed liquid is 10 8 CFU / mL - 10 9 CFU / mL; the dosage of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the mixed liquid is 10 6 CFU / mL - 10 7 CFU / mL.

[0016] Although there are many types of seaweed fertilizers on the market at present, there is no seaweed fertilizer specifically for the disease resistance, yield increase, and lodging resistance of wheat. A seaweed fertilizer of Stanley Company specifically for peanuts (application number 201410426728.0) has an unsatisfactory effect in the cultivation of wheat, especially unable to solve the lodging resistance problem of wheat. In the system of the present invention, the seaweed fertilizer prepared by the method of first blasting and then fermenting the giant kelp can improve the lodging resistance problem of wheat. By blasting the giant kelp in the present invention, the components in the giant kelp can be released, and then through fermentation with specific compound bacteria, more nutrient components beneficial to the root activity of wheat can be produced, improving the lodging resistance ability of wheat. At the same time, the compound bacteria in the seaweed fertilizer can promote the growth of wheat roots, increase the density and length of the roots, thereby enhancing the stability of the plant and reducing the lodging phenomenon caused by the action of wind or gravity. However, the problem of infection by the wheat take-all pathogen is still relatively serious.

[0017] Furthermore, the microbial inoculant includes Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis, and Lactobacillus crispatus. The concentration of Lactobacillus acidophilus in the microbial inoculant is 10 8 CFU / g - 10 9 CFU / g; the concentration of Bacillus subtilis in the microbial inoculant is 10 6 CFU / g - 10 7 CFU / g; and the concentration of Lactobacillus crispatus in the microbial inoculant is 10 8 CFU / g - 10 9 CFU / g.

[0018] The microbial inoculant prepared by adding Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis, and Lactobacillus crispatus to the seaweed fertilizer in the present invention can improve the problem of infection by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici in wheat. Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis, and Lactobacillus crispatus can inhibit the growth and development of pathogenic bacteria through various ways, thereby reducing the impact of take-all disease on wheat. Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis, and Lactobacillus crispatus can form a dominant flora in the soil and compete with Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici for limited resources, thereby inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis, and Lactobacillus crispatus can produce antibiotics or other antibacterial substances to directly inhibit the growth of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici.

[0019] And in the present invention, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus can have a synergistic effect with Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis, and Lactobacillus crispatus, jointly promoting root growth, making wheat stronger, improving the lodging resistance and disease resistance of wheat, and increasing the yield of wheat.

[0020] Furthermore, the mass percentage composition of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is: phosphorus pentoxide 10 - 13%, magnesium oxide 15 - 17%, silicon dioxide 24 - 27%, and the balance is calcium oxide.

[0021] Furthermore, the mass of the coating material is 1.2% - 1.4% of the mass of the granular fertilizer.

[0022] In order to improve the slow-release effect of the seaweed fertilizer and further increase the yield of wheat, furthermore, the coating material includes the following components in parts by mass: p-toluenesulfonyl isocyanate 40 - 45 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 20 - 25 parts, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 8 - 12 parts, carrageenan 8 - 12 parts, propylene glycol phenyl ether 10 - 13 parts, dimethylolpropionic acid 15 - 20 parts, triethanolamine 0.04 - 0.07 parts.

[0023] Further, the preparation method of the coating material comprises the following steps: preheating A and B to the molten state respectively, where A includes p-toluenesulfonyl isocyanate, carrageenan, and propylene glycol phenyl ether; B includes polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, dimethylolpropionic acid, and triethanolamine; mixing the molten A and B to prepare the coating material.

[0024] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the seaweed fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: fully stirring and mixing all components evenly, adding them to a granulator, controlling the granulation temperature at 45°C - 50°C to obtain preliminarily spherical materials, and then successively entering a first drying drum and a first cooling drum to obtain granular fertilizers with an average moisture content of 4 - 8%; atomizing the coating material on the surface of the granular fertilizers to obtain a high-fertilizer-effect seaweed fertilizer prepared by using the microbial fermentation technology.

[0025] Further, the outlet material temperature of the first drying drum is controlled at 65°C - 70°C; the outlet material temperature of the second drying drum is controlled at 50°C - 55°C.

[0026] Further, the atomizing nozzle is a pressure nozzle, the atomizing pressure range is 1.4 MPa - 1.6 MPa, and the atomizing flow rate of the coating material is 1.4 kg / min - 1.6 kg / min.

[0027] The mass percentage content of chelated iron in the EDTA chelated iron is 15 - 17%.

[0028] The mass percentage content of chelated manganese in the EDTA chelated manganese is 18 - 21%.

[0029] The mass percentage content of chelated zinc in the EDTA chelated zinc is 12 - 14%.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] 1. The seaweed fertilizer prepared by the method of first blasting and then fermenting the giant kelp in the system of the present invention can improve the lodging resistance problem of wheat. By blasting the giant kelp in the present invention, the components in the giant kelp can be released, and then through fermentation with specific composite bacteria, more nutritional components beneficial to the root activity of wheat can be produced, improving the lodging resistance ability of wheat.

[0032] 2. The microbial inoculant prepared by adding Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis, and Lactobacillus crispatus to the seaweed fertilizer in the present invention can improve the infection problem of wheat take-all disease.

[0033] 3. In the present invention, Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus can synergistically interact with Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus crispatus to jointly promote root growth, make wheat stronger, improve the lodging resistance and disease resistance of wheat, and increase the yield of wheat. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Apparently, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] All the bacterial strains used in the present invention are commercially available products, and the purchase situations are as follows:

[0036] Bifidobacterium breve, preservation number: SHBCCD24424JCM7017, purchased from Shanghai Center for Preservation of Microorganisms.

[0037] Lactobacillus casei, preservation number: SHBCCD24737, purchased from Shanghai Center for Preservation of Microorganisms.

[0038] Lactobacillus brevis, preservation number: SHBCCD14346, purchased from Shanghai Center for Preservation of Microorganisms.

[0039] Bifidobacterium longum, preservation number: SHBCCD24310, purchased from Shanghai Center for Preservation of Microorganisms.

[0040] Bifidobacterium lactis, preservation number: SHBCCD24728, purchased from Shanghai Center for Preservation of Microorganisms.

[0041] Lactobacillus rhamnosus, preservation number: SHBCCD73158, purchased from Shanghai Center for Preservation of Microorganisms.

[0042] Lactobacillus acidophilus, preservation number: CICC22162, purchased from China Center for Industrial Culture Collection.

[0043] Bacillus subtilis, preservation number: CICC10732, purchased from China Center for Industrial Culture Collection.

[0044] Lactobacillus crispatus, preservation number: CICC24879, purchased from China Center for Industrial Culture Collection.

[0045] Lactobacillus helveticus, preservation number: CCTCC AB2010205, purchased from China Center for Type Culture Collection.

[0046] Lactobacillus bulgaricus, preservation number: CCTCC CB20082295, purchased from China Center for Type Culture Collection.

[0047] Bifidobacterium animalis, preservation number: SHBCCD24416AS1.2891, purchased from Shanghai Center for Preservation of Microorganisms.

[0048] Example 1

[0049] This example provides a high-fertilizer-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by using microbial fermentation technology. The seaweed fertilizer includes granular fertilizer and coating material. The granular fertilizer includes the following components in parts by mass: 322 parts of urea, 218 parts of potassium sulfate, 161 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 110 parts of diammonium phosphate, 52 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 13 parts of borax, 4 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 9 parts of EDTA chelated manganese, 4 parts of EDTA chelated zinc, 2 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 54 parts of seaweed extract, and 0.3 part of microbial inoculant; the microbial inoculant includes Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis, and Lactobacillus crispatus. The concentration of Lactobacillus acidophilus in the microbial inoculant is 10 8 CFU / g; the concentration of Bacillus subtilis in the microbial inoculant is 10 7 CFU / g; and the concentration of Lactobacillus crispatus in the microbial inoculant is 10 8 CFU / g.

[0050] The preparation method of the seaweed extract includes the following steps:

[0051] (1) Wash and dry the giant kelp, crush it into seaweed particles with a particle size less than 0.3 mm, add 4 times the mass of water of the seaweed particles to the seaweed particles, and grind with a pulper to obtain a crushed liquid;

[0052] (2) Add the crushed liquid to a pressure tank. After increasing the pressure of the pressure tank by 0.8 MPa, reduce the pressure of the pressure tank to 0 Pa within 1 second to obtain a burst seaweed liquid;

[0053] (3) Continue to add 4 times the mass of water of the seaweed particles to the burst seaweed liquid to obtain a mixed liquid. Add a compound bacterium to the mixed liquid and carry out anaerobic fermentation at 36 °C for 11 h to obtain a fermentation product; the compound bacterium includes Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. The dosage of Bifidobacterium longum in the mixed liquid is 10 10 CFU / mL; the dosage of Bifidobacterium lactis in the mixed liquid is 10 9 CFU / mL; the dosage of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the mixed liquid is 10 6 CFU / mL.

[0054] (4) Concentrate the fermentation product to 2 / 5 of the volume of the fermentation product to obtain a seaweed extract.

[0055] The mass percentage composition of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is as follows: phosphorus pentoxide 12%, magnesium oxide 16%, silicon dioxide 25%, and the balance is calcium oxide.

[0056] The mass percentage content of chelated iron in the EDTA chelated iron is 16%.

[0057] The mass percentage content of chelated manganese in the EDTA chelated manganese is 19%.

[0058] The mass percentage content of chelated zinc in the EDTA chelated zinc is 13%.

[0059] The mass of the coating material is 1.3% of the mass of the granular fertilizer. The coating material includes the following components in parts by mass: p-toluenesulfonyl isocyanate 42 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 22 parts, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose 10 parts, carrageenan 9 parts, propylene glycol phenyl ether 12 parts, dimethylolpropionic acid 17 parts, triethanolamine 0.05 parts.

[0060] The preparation method of the coating material includes the following steps: preheating A and B to the molten state respectively, where A includes p-toluenesulfonyl isocyanate, carrageenan, and propylene glycol phenyl ether; B includes polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, dimethylolpropionic acid, and triethanolamine; mixing the molten A and B to prepare the coating material.

[0061] The preparation method of the high-fertilizer-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by the above microbial fermentation technology includes the following steps: fully stirring and mixing all components evenly, adding them to a granulator, and controlling the granulation temperature at 46°C; the preliminarily formed spherical materials sequentially enter the first drying drum and the first cooling drum to obtain granular fertilizer with an average moisture content of 6wt%; atomizing the coating material on the surface of the granular fertilizer to obtain the high-fertilizer-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by the microbial fermentation technology.

[0062] The outlet material temperature of the first drying drum is controlled at 67°C; the outlet material temperature of the second drying drum is controlled at 52°C.

[0063] The atomizing nozzle is a pressure nozzle, the atomizing pressure range is 1.5 MPa, and the atomizing flow rate of the coating material is 1.5 kg / minute.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] This embodiment provides a high-fertilizer-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by using microbial fermentation technology. The seaweed fertilizer includes granular fertilizer and coating material. The granular fertilizer includes the following components in parts by mass: 320 parts of urea, 230 parts of potassium sulfate, 150 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 120 parts of diammonium phosphate, 50 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 14 parts of borax, 3 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 10 parts of EDTA chelated manganese, 2 parts of EDTA chelated zinc, 3 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 50 parts of seaweed extract, and 0.4 parts of microbial inoculum; the microbial inoculum includes Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis, and Lactobacillus crispatus. The concentration of Lactobacillus acidophilus in the microbial inoculum is 10 8 CFU / g; the concentration of Bacillus subtilis in the microbial inoculum is 10 6 CFU / g; and the concentration of Lactobacillus crispatus in the microbial inoculum is 10 8 CFU / g.

[0066] The preparation method of the seaweed extract includes the following steps:

[0067] (1) Wash and dry the giant kelp, crush it into seaweed particles with a particle size less than 0.3 mm, add 5 times the mass of water of the seaweed particles to the seaweed particles, and grind with a pulper to obtain a crushed liquid;

[0068] (2) Add the crushed liquid to a pressure tank. After increasing the pressure of the pressure tank by 0.7 MPa, reduce the pressure of the pressure tank to 0 Pa within 1 second to obtain a burst seaweed liquid;

[0069] (3) Continue to add 5 times the mass of water of the seaweed particles to the burst seaweed liquid to obtain a mixed liquid. Add a compound bacterium to the mixed liquid and carry out anaerobic fermentation at 35 °C for 12 h to obtain a fermentation product; the compound bacterium includes Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. The amount of bacteria of Bifidobacterium longum used in the mixed liquid is 10 11 CFU / mL; the amount of bacteria of Bifidobacterium lactis used in the mixed liquid is 10 8 CFU / mL; the amount of bacteria of Lactobacillus rhamnosus used in the mixed liquid is 10 7 CFU / mL.

[0070] (4) Concentrate the fermentation product to 2 / 5 of the volume of the fermentation product to obtain a seaweed extract.

[0071] The mass percentage composition of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is: 13% of phosphorus pentoxide, 15% of magnesium oxide, 27% of silicon oxide, and the balance is calcium oxide.

[0072] The mass percentage content of chelated iron in the EDTA chelated iron is 17%.

[0073] The mass percentage content of chelated manganese in the EDTA chelated manganese is 18%.

[0074] The mass percentage of chelated zinc in the EDTA chelated zinc is 14%.

[0075] The mass of the coating material is 1.2% of the mass of the granular fertilizer. The coating material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 45 parts of p-toluenesulfonyl isocyanate, 20 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 12 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 8 parts of carrageenan, 13 parts of propylene glycol phenyl ether, 15 parts of dimethylolpropionic acid, and 0.07 parts of triethanolamine.

[0076] The preparation method of the coating material comprises the following steps: preheating A and B to the molten state respectively, where A comprises p-toluenesulfonyl isocyanate, carrageenan, and propylene glycol phenyl ether; B comprises polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, dimethylolpropionic acid, and triethanolamine; mixing the molten A and B to prepare the coating material.

[0077] The preparation method of the high-fertilizer-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by the microbial fermentation technology comprises the following steps: fully stirring and mixing all components evenly, adding them into a granulator, and controlling the granulation temperature at 45°C; the preliminarily formed spherical materials sequentially enter a first drying drum and a first cooling drum to obtain granular fertilizer with an average moisture content of 8%; atomizing the coating material on the surface of the granular fertilizer to obtain the high-fertilizer-efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by the microbial fermentation technology.

[0078] The outlet material temperature of the first drying drum is controlled at 70°C; the outlet material temperature of the second drying drum is controlled at 50°C.

[0079] The atomizing nozzle is a pressure nozzle, the atomizing pressure range is 1.6 MPa, and the atomizing flow rate of the coating material is 1.4 kg / minute.

[0080] Comparative Example 1

[0081] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no bursting treatment is carried out.

[0082] The preparation method of the seaweed extract comprises the following steps:

[0083] (1) Wash and dry the giant kelp, crush it into seaweed particles with a particle size less than 0.3 mm, add water with a mass multiple of 4 times that of the seaweed particles to the seaweed particles, and grind with a pulper to obtain a pulverized liquid;

[0084] (2) Continue to add water with a mass multiple of 4 times that of the seaweed particles to the pulverized liquid to obtain a mixed liquid, add a compound bacterium to the mixed liquid, and carry out anaerobic fermentation at 36°C for 11 h to obtain a fermentation product; the compound bacterium comprises Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. The dosage of Bifidobacterium longum in the mixed liquid is 10 10 CFU / mL; the dosage of Bifidobacterium lactis in the mixed liquid is 109 CFU / mL; The amount of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the mixture is 10 6 CFU / mL.

[0085] (3) Concentrate the fermentation product to 2 / 5 of the volume of the fermentation product to obtain the seaweed extract.

[0086] Comparative Example 2

[0087] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is: the types of the complex bacteria are different.

[0088] The complex bacteria include Bifidobacterium breve, Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus brevis. The amount of Bifidobacterium breve in the mixture is 10 11 CFU / mL; The amount of Lactobacillus casei in the mixture is 10 8 CFU / mL; The amount of Lactobacillus brevis in the mixture is 10 7 CFU / mL.

[0089] Comparative Example 3

[0090] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is: the dosage of the complex bacteria is different.

[0091] The complex bacteria include Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. The amount of Bifidobacterium longum in the mixture is 10 6 CFU / mL; The amount of Bifidobacterium lactis in the mixture is 10 10 CFU / mL; The amount of Lactobacillus rhamnosus in the mixture is 10 9 CFU / mL.

[0092] Comparative Example 4

[0093] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is: the strain ratio of the microbial inoculum is different.

[0094] The microbial inoculum includes Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus crispatus. The concentration of Lactobacillus acidophilus in the microbial inoculum is 10 7 CFU / g; The concentration of Bacillus subtilis in the microbial inoculum is 10 8 CFU / g; and the concentration of Lactobacillus crispatus in the microbial inoculum is 10 10 CFU / g.

[0095] Comparative Example 5

[0096] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is: the types of the microbial inoculum are different.

[0097] The microbial inoculum includes Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Bifidobacterium animalis. The concentration of Lactobacillus helveticus in the microbial inoculum is 108 CFU / g; the concentration of *Lactobacillus bulgaricus* in the microbial inoculant is 10 7 CFU / g; and the concentration of *Bifidobacterium animalis* in the microbial inoculant is 10 8 CFU / g.

[0098] Comparative Example 6

[0099] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the component ratio of the granular fertilizer is different.

[0100] The granular fertilizer comprises the following components in parts by mass: 312 parts of urea, 208 parts of potassium sulfate, 181 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 100 parts of diammonium phosphate, 42 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 13 parts of borax, 4 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 9 parts of EDTA chelated manganese, 4 parts of EDTA chelated zinc, 2 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 64 parts of seaweed extract, and 0.3 part of microbial inoculant.

[0101] Comparative Example 7

[0102] The seaweed fertilizer used in this comparative example is the one prepared in Example 1 of the patent with the application number 201410426728.0.

[0103] Performance test

[0104] An experiment was conducted in a certain county. The wheat variety planted was Jimai 22, the planting area was 10 mu, the planting density was 200,000 plants / mu, and it was randomly and evenly divided into 10 experimental plots. Among them, 7 plots were applied with the seaweed fertilizers of Examples 1 - 2 and Comparative Examples 1 - 7 15 days before the jointing stage of wheat, and the application rate was 60 kg / mu. Another plot was used as a control without any treatment.

[0105] 20 wheat plants were randomly selected from each experimental plot for the experiment. In the middle stage of grain filling, the root activity of wheat in each experimental plot was measured according to the α - naphthylamine method;

[0106] The compressive strength of the wheat culms in each experimental plot was randomly measured using a plant lodging resistance tester. The roots of the randomly selected wheat plants were immersed in water, the tillering culms were removed, and only the main culm samples with uniform consistency were retained. After recording the center of gravity height and the fresh weight of a single stem, the lodging resistance index was calculated, that is, lodging resistance index = compressive strength of culm / (center of gravity height × fresh weight of a single stem).

[0107] An infection test of *Gaeumannomyces graminis* was conducted at the maturity stage of wheat. The infection rate = number of infected strains / total number of strains * 100%, with 3 replicates, and the average infection rate was statistically analyzed.

[0108] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0109] Table 1 Performance test results

[0110] Root activity Lodging resistance index Average infection rate Yield per mu Unit μg / g·h <![CDATA[cm -1 > ％ kg / mu Example 1 55.4 1.83 3.7 775.3 Example 2 51.2 1.86 5.0 757.4 Comparative Example 1 45.6 1.99 12.1 703.6 Comparative Example 2 43.2 2.13 14.4 681.9 Comparative Example 3 45.2 2.02 11.5 696.2 Comparative Example 4 44.4 2.26 20.5 676.7 Comparative Example 5 47.3 2.20 18.6 702.8 Comparative Example 6 46.6 2.16 13.7 682.3 Comparative Example 7 39.6 2.45 26.2 606.7 Control group 25.9 2.68 39.4 502.5

[0111] As can be seen from the above performance test results, the seaweed fertilizers of Examples 1-2 have good effects on lodging resistance and disease resistance of wheat and high yields. In particular, the comprehensive performance of Example 1 is the most prominent, which is mainly due to the synergistic effect among the components in the seaweed fertilizer.

[0112] For the comparative examples, since the necessary technical solutions were not adopted, their corresponding performance tests were significantly worse than those of the examples. In Comparative Examples 1-3, the preparation method of the seaweed extract was changed, and it can be seen that the lodging resistance decreased, which proves that the preparation method of the seaweed extract of the present invention can improve the lodging resistance of wheat. In Comparative Examples 4-5, the scheme without using the microbial inoculant was adopted, and it can be seen from the results that the disease resistance of wheat decreased, indicating that the microbial inoculant of the present invention can improve the disease resistance of wheat. In Comparative Example 6, the ratio of the components of the granular fertilizer was changed, and the comprehensive performance of the seaweed fertilizer decreased, indicating that the components synergistically exerted their effects. In Comparative Example 7, the seaweed fertilizer prepared by the prior art was used, and the disease resistance and lodging resistance effects on wheat were not ideal. The above experimental results further prove the importance of the technical solutions defined in the present invention for its technical effects.

[0113] The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle described in the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of seaweed extract prepared by composite bacteria composed of Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus as raw material of seaweed fertilizer in promoting high fertilizer efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by microbial fermentation technology for lodging resistance of wheat and prevention of infection by total rot pathogenic bacteria, characterized in that: The preparation method of seaweed extract comprises: (1) washing and drying the giant kelp, and crushing it into seaweed particles with a particle size of less than 0.3 mm, adding water 3 to 5 times the mass of the seaweed particles to the seaweed particles, and grinding them with a pulper to obtain a crushed liquid; (2) adding the crushed liquid into the pressure tank, increasing the pressure of the pressure tank by 0.7-0.9 MPa, and then reducing the pressure of the pressure tank to 0 Pa within 1 second to obtain the exploded seaweed liquid; (3) adding water in an amount of 3 to 5 times the mass of the seaweed particles to the exploded seaweed liquid to obtain a mixed liquid, adding composite bacteria to the mixed liquid to perform anaerobic fermentation at 35 to 38° C. for 10 to 12 hours to obtain a fermentation product; (4) concentrating the fermentation product to 2 / 5-3 / 5 of the volume of the fermentation product to obtain a seaweed extract; The composite bacteria are composed of Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and the dosage of the three bacteria in the mixed solution is 10 10 CFU / mL-10 11 CFU / mL, 10 8 CFU / mL-10 9 CFU / mL and 10 6 CFU / mL-10 7 CFU / mL; The seaweed fertilizer includes granular fertilizer and coating material; the granular fertilizer includes the following components in parts by mass: 320-325 parts of urea, 210-230 parts of potassium sulfate, 150-170 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 100-120 parts of diammonium phosphate, 50-55 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 12-14 parts of borax, 3-6 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 8-10 parts of EDTA chelated manganese, 2-6 parts of EDTA chelated zinc, 1-3 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 50-60 parts of seaweed extract and 0.3-0.4 parts of microbial agent; The microbial agents include Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus crispatus. The concentrations of the three in the microbial agents are 10 8 CFU / g-10 9 CFU / g, 10 6 CFU / g-10 7 CFU / g and 10 8 CFU / g-10 9 CFU / g.

2. The composite bacteria composed of Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus are used to prepare seaweed extract as a raw material for seaweed fertilizer in promoting the high fertilizer efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by microbial fermentation technology for wheat root vitality and per mu yield. The composite bacteria is used to prepare seaweed extract, and the seaweed extract is used as a raw material for seaweed fertilizer, characterized in that: The preparation method of seaweed extract comprises: (1) washing and drying the giant kelp, and crushing it into seaweed particles with a particle size of less than 0.3 mm, adding water 3 to 5 times the mass of the seaweed particles to the seaweed particles, and grinding them with a pulper to obtain a crushed liquid; (2) adding the crushed liquid into the pressure tank, increasing the pressure of the pressure tank by 0.7-0.9 MPa, and then reducing the pressure of the pressure tank to 0 Pa within 1 second to obtain the exploded seaweed liquid; (3) adding water in an amount of 3 to 5 times the mass of the seaweed particles to the exploded seaweed liquid to obtain a mixed liquid, adding composite bacteria to the mixed liquid to perform anaerobic fermentation at 35 to 38° C. for 10 to 12 hours to obtain a fermentation product; (4) concentrating the fermentation product to 2 / 5-3 / 5 of the volume of the fermentation product to obtain a seaweed extract; The composite bacteria are composed of Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and the dosage of the three bacteria in the mixed solution is 10 10 CFU / mL-10 11 CFU / mL, 10 8 CFU / mL-10 9 CFU / mL and 10 6 CFU / mL-10 7 CFU / mL; The seaweed fertilizer includes granular fertilizer and coating material; the granular fertilizer includes the following components in parts by mass: 320-325 parts of urea, 210-230 parts of potassium sulfate, 150-170 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 100-120 parts of diammonium phosphate, 50-55 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 12-14 parts of borax, 3-6 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 8-10 parts of EDTA chelated manganese, 2-6 parts of EDTA chelated zinc, 1-3 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 50-60 parts of seaweed extract and 0.3-0.4 parts of microbial agent; The microbial agents include Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus crispatus. The concentrations of the three in the microbial agents are 10 8 CFU / g-10 9 CFU / g, 10 6 CFU / g-10 7 CFU / g and 10 8 CFU / g-10 9 CFU / g.

3. The application of a microbial agent composed of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus crispatus as a raw material of seaweed fertilizer in promoting the high fertilizer efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by microbial fermentation technology to resist lodging and prevent infection of total rot pathogens of wheat, characterized in that: The microbial agents are Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus crispatus. The concentrations of the three in the microbial agents are 10 8 CFU / g-10 9 CFU / g, 10 6 CFU / g-10 7 CFU / g and 10 8 CFU / g-10 9 CFU / g; The seaweed fertilizer includes granular fertilizer and coating material; the granular fertilizer includes the following components in parts by mass: 320-325 parts of urea, 210-230 parts of potassium sulfate, 150-170 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 100-120 parts of diammonium phosphate, 50-55 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 12-14 parts of borax, 3-6 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 8-10 parts of EDTA chelated manganese, 2-6 parts of EDTA chelated zinc, 1-3 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 50-60 parts of seaweed extract and 0.3-0.4 parts of microbial agent; The preparation method of seaweed extract comprises: (1) washing and drying the giant kelp, and crushing it into seaweed particles with a particle size of less than 0.3 mm, adding water 3 to 5 times the mass of the seaweed particles to the seaweed particles, and grinding them with a pulper to obtain a crushed liquid; (2) adding the crushed liquid into the pressure tank, increasing the pressure of the pressure tank by 0.7-0.9 MPa, and then reducing the pressure of the pressure tank to 0 Pa within 1 second to obtain the exploded seaweed liquid; (3) adding water in an amount of 3 to 5 times the mass of the seaweed particles to the exploded seaweed liquid to obtain a mixed liquid, adding composite bacteria to the mixed liquid to perform anaerobic fermentation at 35 to 38° C. for 10 to 12 hours to obtain a fermentation product; (4) concentrating the fermentation product to 2 / 5-3 / 5 of the volume of the fermentation product to obtain a seaweed extract; The composite bacteria are composed of Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and the dosage of the three bacteria in the mixed solution is 10 10 CFU / mL-10 11 CFU / mL, 10 8 CFU / mL-10 9 CFU / mL and 10 6 CFU / mL-10 7 CFU / mL.

4. The application of a microbial agent composed of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus crispatus as a raw material of seaweed fertilizer in promoting the high fertilizer efficiency seaweed fertilizer prepared by microbial fermentation technology for wheat root vitality and per mu yield, wherein the microbial agent is used as a raw material of seaweed fertilizer, characterized in that: The microbial agents are Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus crispatus. The concentrations of the three in the microbial agents are 10 8 CFU / g-10 9 CFU / g, 10 6 CFU / g-10 7 CFU / g and 10 8 CFU / g-10 9 CFU / g; The seaweed fertilizer includes granular fertilizer and coating material; the granular fertilizer includes the following components in parts by mass: 320-325 parts of urea, 210-230 parts of potassium sulfate, 150-170 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 100-120 parts of diammonium phosphate, 50-55 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 12-14 parts of borax, 3-6 parts of EDTA chelated iron, 8-10 parts of EDTA chelated manganese, 2-6 parts of EDTA chelated zinc, 1-3 parts of ammonium heptamolybdate, 50-60 parts of seaweed extract and 0.3-0.4 parts of microbial agent; The preparation method of seaweed extract comprises: (1) washing and drying the giant kelp, and crushing it into seaweed particles with a particle size of less than 0.3 mm, adding water 3 to 5 times the mass of the seaweed particles to the seaweed particles, and grinding them with a pulper to obtain a crushed liquid; (2) adding the crushed liquid into the pressure tank, increasing the pressure of the pressure tank by 0.7-0.9 MPa, and then reducing the pressure of the pressure tank to 0 Pa within 1 second to obtain the exploded seaweed liquid; (3) adding water in an amount of 3 to 5 times the mass of the seaweed particles to the exploded seaweed liquid to obtain a mixed liquid, adding composite bacteria to the mixed liquid to perform anaerobic fermentation at 35 to 38° C. for 10 to 12 hours to obtain a fermentation product; (4) concentrating the fermentation product to 2 / 5-3 / 5 of the volume of the fermentation product to obtain a seaweed extract; The composite bacteria are composed of Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium lactis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and the dosage of the three bacteria in the mixed solution is 10 10 CFU / mL-10 11 CFU / mL, 10 8 CFU / mL-10 9 CFU / mL and 10 6 CFU / mL-10 7 CFU / mL.

5. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The mass percentage composition of the calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is: 10-13% of phosphorus pentoxide, 15-17% of magnesium oxide, 24-27% of silicon oxide, and the balance is calcium oxide.

6. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The mass of the coating material is 1.2%-1.4% of the mass of the granular fertilizer.

7. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The coating material comprises the following components in parts by mass: 40-45 parts of p-toluenesulfonyl isocyanate, 20-25 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 8-12 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, 8-12 parts of carrageenan, 10-13 parts of propylene glycol phenyl ether, 15-20 parts of dihydroxymethyl propionic acid, and 0.04-0.07 parts of triethanolamine.