Elastic skin-friendly heat-insulating fire-resistant sensor yarn and spinning method and device thereof

Abstract

The present application provides an elastic skin-friendly heat-insulating fire-resistant sensor yarn and its spinning method and device, the yarn is obtained by installing a wrapping spinning device on a ring spinning frame for spinning, the yarn has a multi-layer structure, from the inside to the outside, an elastic core yarn, a heat-insulating inorganic fiber wrapping layer, a conductive fiber wrapping layer and a flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer; the core yarn rotates under the action of twisting, and then drives the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments, conductive fiber filaments and flame-retardant staple fiber strips to revolve around the core yarn for wrapping; due to the use of elastic fiber as the core yarn, it has good tensile properties, while the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments and conductive fiber filaments can provide heat insulation, flame retardancy and conductivity, and the outermost flame retardant staple fibers play a skin-friendly and flame-retardant role. The present invention solves the current problem of lack of elastic high-temperature resistant sensor yarns, and elastic high-temperature resistant sensor yarns can be applied to fire rescue, aerospace and military fields in the future.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of spinning, and in particular to an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn and a spinning method and device thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the development and progress of the textile industry, smart textiles have become a research hotspot. Research on sensor yarns is fundamental to smart textiles. Currently, common sensor yarns are typically produced by physically combining conductive metal filaments with conventional yarns, or by coating conventional yarns with conductive materials through a dip-coating process. These yarns can respond to external stimuli such as force, heat, and light, and can be used in the fabrication of various flexible sensors. In particular, yarn-based flexible sensors that combine high-temperature insulation and fire resistance with high elasticity and skin-friendly sensing capabilities offer significant advantages in firefighting, deep space operations, outdoor lifesaving, and high-rise fire escapes. However, inorganic fiber materials with high-temperature insulation and fire resistance are difficult to achieve high elasticity and sensing capabilities. Similarly, organic materials with high elasticity are not fire-resistant, and organic or inorganic materials with high sensing performance are thermally and electrically conductive, making them difficult to achieve high-temperature fire resistance. Therefore, the large-scale production of yarn-based flexible sensors that combine high-temperature insulation and fire resistance with high elasticity and skin-friendly sensing capabilities presents significant challenges.

[0003] Patent publication number CN109183226A discloses a high-performance conductive yarn. The yarn is made by aerosol twist spinning of carbon nanotubes to form a carbon nanotube base. A polyvinyl alcohol coating is applied to the carbon nanotube base. The polyvinyl alcohol coating is then electrospun with an aramid fiber layer. The aramid fiber layer is made of aramid fibers, forming a skin-core structure with the carbon nanotube base. The aramid fiber layer is then coated with a vinylon fiber layer, which is spirally wrapped around the aramid fiber layer using a vortex spinning process. This yarn has the advantages of uniform yarn length, low surface hairiness, high tensile strength, good spinnability, high electrical conductivity, and good wear resistance. However, its complex preparation process makes it difficult to achieve large-scale production, which greatly limits its application in the field of smart textiles. Furthermore, carbon nanotubes are thermally and electrically conductive materials, making them difficult to insulate and fireproof. The yarn itself lacks elasticity, making it incapable of achieving high elastic deformation energy absorption and large deformation sensing.

[0004] Patent publication number CN117309007A discloses a high-temperature resistant yarn-based sensor, its preparation method, and application. A single-walled carbon nanotube solution is evenly attached to a roving by impregnation and drying to obtain a conductive roving. The conductive roving is then spun into an electrode core yarn by ring spinning. Heat-insulating fibers are wrapped around the surface of the electrode core yarn by friction spinning to obtain a high-temperature resistant sensing composite yarn. Two high-temperature resistant sensing composite yarns are fixed to a fabric substrate using a sewing machine to form a sewing structure, resulting in a high-temperature resistant yarn-based sensor. The core-sheath structure design accurately controls the distribution of heat-resistant fibers in the cross-section, thereby eliminating sensor errors caused by high temperatures and providing resistance to temperature interference. The sewing structure maintains the stability and durability of the sensor, while also ensuring washability and wear resistance, meeting the requirements of wearable devices. However, the carbon nanotubes used in this high-temperature resistant sensing yarn have thermal insulation and conductive properties and lack good flexibility and high elasticity, which limits its application in flexible, high-temperature resistant sensing textiles.

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to design an improved elastic skin-friendly heat-insulating fire-resistant sensing yarn and its spinning method and device to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present application provides an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn and its spinning method and device, aiming to solve the technical problems of the current high-temperature resistant sensing yarn lacking elasticity and limited application.

[0007] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn, which comprises, from the inside to the outside, an elastic core wire, a heat-insulating inorganic fiber wrapping layer, a conductive fiber wrapping layer, and a flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer; the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments in the heat-insulating inorganic fiber wrapping layer and the conductive fiber filaments in the conductive fiber wrapping layer are both spirally wrapped around the surface of the elastic core wire, and the flame-retardant staple fibers in the flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer are twisted and wrapped around the outermost layer in an interlocking manner.

[0008] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the elastic core wire provides elasticity and resilience to the yarn, so that the yarn can adapt to different tensile and compression conditions, increase wearing comfort, and maintain the structural stability of the sensing yarn. The thermal insulation inorganic fiber has excellent thermal insulation properties, can effectively block high temperature transmission, and improve the high temperature resistance of the yarn. The conductive fiber can provide excellent conductive sensing performance. The outermost layer of flame-retardant staple fibers provides protection and skin-friendly functions. The spiral winding structure of the thermal insulation inorganic fiber filaments and the conductive fiber filaments enhances the mechanical strength and wear resistance of the yarn, enabling it to withstand greater physical stress without being easily damaged. The twisting and bonding of the flame-retardant staple fibers enhances the structural integrity and durability of the outermost layer of the yarn. The composite structure yarn overcomes the difficulties in spinning rigid fibers in the past and the problems of poor elastic elongation.

[0009] In some embodiments, the elastic core yarn is one of spandex filament, silicone filament and latex filament, and the fineness of the elastic core yarn is 100-1000D.

[0010] In this embodiment, the selected elastic core yarn material ensures that the yarn can quickly recover to its original shape after being stretched and compressed, providing good elasticity. The appropriate fineness makes the yarn softer, reduces friction when in contact with the skin, and improves wearing comfort.

[0011] In some embodiments, the linear density of the insulating inorganic fiber is 4.5 to 50 tex, and the insulating inorganic fiber is basalt fiber or glass fiber; the linear density of the conductive fiber is 4.5 to 50 tex, and the conductive fiber is one of carbon fiber, graphene fiber and metal fiber.

[0012] In this example, basalt and carbon fibers with higher linear densities typically have higher strength and modulus, which contributes to the overall mechanical properties of the yarn. Thicker fibers may provide better thermal insulation and wear resistance, making them suitable for high-temperature and abrasive environments. Finer fibers offer greater flexibility, making the yarn easier to weave or braid into complex shapes. By selecting basalt and carbon fibers with different linear densities, the yarn can be customized to meet the needs of specific applications.

[0013] In some embodiments, the flame retardant staple fiber is one or more of aramid fiber, polyimide fiber, flame retardant nylon and flame retardant viscose.

[0014] In this embodiment, the use of flame-retardant staple fibers significantly improves the flame-retardant properties of the yarn, making the yarn less susceptible to damage when exposed to fire, and maintaining its structural and functional integrity.

[0015] In the second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a spinning device for elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarns, comprising a wrapping spinning device arranged between the jaws of the front roller of the spun yarn and the spun yarn guide hook; the wrapping spinning device comprises a core yarn feeding roller and a guide wheel, the core yarn feeding roller is connected to the core yarn self-twisting channel, a filament and staple fiber feeding channel is arranged between the core yarn feeding roller and the guide wheel, and the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments, conductive fiber filaments, and flame-retardant fiber strips are arranged from right to left from the jaws of the front roller and output and wrapped around the surface of the elastic core wire.

[0016] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by installing the device on the ring spinning frame, the elastic core wire is fed from the core yarn self-twisting channel on the device, and at the same time, the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments, conductive fiber filaments and flame-retardant staple fiber strips are sequentially wrapped around the surface of the elastic core wire, thereby achieving orderly arrangement and wrapping of different fibers to form a stretchable and high-temperature resistant composite structure sensing yarn.

[0017] In some embodiments, the angle between the connecting line of the core yarn feeding roller and the yarn guide wheel and the horizontal direction is 30° to 60°.

[0018] In this embodiment, by controlling the included angle, the yarn structure can be optimized, ensuring uniformity and tightness of fiber wrapping. An appropriate included angle helps improve yarn performance and meet the needs of specific applications. Adjustment of the included angle can be achieved through automated control, improving production efficiency and consistent product quality.

[0019] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a spinning method for an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensor yarn, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1, unwinding the elastic core yarn from the bobbin, feeding it from the core yarn channel of the wrapping spinning device, and winding it onto the spun yarn tube through the yarn guide hook;

[0021] S2. Unwinding the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments and the conductive fiber filaments from the bobbin, delivering them from the front roller jaws through a godet, feeding the delivered filaments into a filament feeding channel of a wrapping spinning device, and wrapping them around the core yarn surface under the self-twisting action of the core yarn;

[0022] S3. Unwind the flame-retardant staple fibers, feed them from the bell mouth, and pass through the drafting of the rear roller, middle roller and front roller in sequence, and output from the jaws of the front roller in the form of fiber strips. The output staple fiber strips are fed from the staple fiber feeding channel on the wrapping spinning device, and are spirally wrapped on the surface of the core yarn under the self-twisting drive of the core yarn; the yarn wrapped and coated with filaments and staple fibers passes through the yarn guide hook, and is wound on the surface of the yarn tube under the rotation drive of the spun yarn tube to obtain elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn.

[0023] In the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, a composite yarn structure is achieved by stacking and wrapping different fibers, providing a variety of performance properties such as elasticity, thermal insulation, fire resistance, and sensing. By precisely controlling the unwinding, feeding, and wrapping processes of each fiber, the final properties of the yarn can be optimized to meet the needs of specific applications. This method can achieve one-step formation during spinning, avoiding the repeated operation of multiple winding operations on the machine, and realizing a short and efficient spinning process for composite structure yarn.

[0024] In some embodiments, the yarn output speed is 1-20 m / min, the twist is 30-60 T / m, the rotation speed of the front roller is 500-3000 r / min, the rotation speed of the middle roller is 200-1000 r / min, the rotation speed of the back roller is 100-600 r / min, and the roving draft ratio is 10-50 times.

[0025] In this embodiment, by controlling the output speed and twist, the rotation speed of the front roller, the middle roller and the back roller, and the roving draft ratio, the consistency of the yarn quality can be ensured. According to different application requirements, the parameters can be adjusted to optimize the yarn performance, such as strength, elasticity, durability and comfort.

[0026] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings used in this application. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from these drawings without inventive effort.

[0028] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the spinning device of the elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensor yarn of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the spinning process of the elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn of this application;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a flame retardant test chart of the elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn prepared in Example 1 of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a resistance test chart of the elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn prepared in Example 1 of the present application.

[0032] Description of reference numerals:

[0033] 100. Wrapping spinning device; 101. Elastic core yarn; 102. Core yarn feeding roller; 103. Yarn guide wheel; 104. Yarn guide hook; 105. Heat-insulating inorganic fiber filament; 106. Conductive fiber filament; 107. Flame-retardant fiber whisker; 201. Yarn guide wheel; 202. Front roller jaws; 203. Flame-retardant staple fiber; 204. Bell mouth; 205. Back roller; 206. Middle roller; 207. Spun yarn tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are therefore only examples and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0036] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the technical terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be understood to indicate or imply relative importance or implicitly specify the quantity, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0037] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0038] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is simply a description of the association relationship between associated objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the following three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0041] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, technical terms such as "installed," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; internal connections between two components or interactions between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application based on specific circumstances.

[0042] Existing sensing yarns, made by combining conductive materials like conductive metal wire or carbon nanotubes with traditional yarns or by coating them, have sensing capabilities but struggle to simultaneously achieve high-temperature thermal insulation and fire resistance. Inorganic fiber materials with high-temperature thermal insulation and fire resistance, such as basalt and carbon fibers, typically lack high elasticity and skin-friendliness. Highly elastic organic materials, such as spandex and silicone fibers, struggle to achieve these properties.

[0043] In order to solve the technical problems of lack of elasticity and limited application of high-temperature resistant sensing yarns, the present application provides an elastic skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn and its spinning method and device, wherein a yarn with a multi-layer structure is obtained by installing a wrapping spinning device 100 on a ring spinning frame for spinning, which comprises an elastic core yarn 101, a heat-insulating inorganic fiber wrapping layer, a conductive fiber wrapping layer and a flame-retardant short fiber coating layer from the inside to the outside; since elastic fiber is used as the core yarn, it has good tensile properties, and at the same time, the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments 105 and the conductive fiber filaments 106 can provide heat-insulating, flame-retardant and conductive functions, and the outermost layer of flame-retardant short fibers 203 play a skin-friendly and flame-retardant role.

[0044] In the first aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn, which comprises, from the inside to the outside, an elastic core wire 101, a heat-insulating inorganic fiber wrapping layer, a conductive fiber wrapping layer, and a flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer; the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments 105 in the heat-insulating inorganic fiber wrapping layer and the conductive fiber filaments 106 in the conductive fiber wrapping layer are both spirally wrapped around the surface of the elastic core wire 101, and the flame-retardant staple fibers 203 in the flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer are twisted and wrapped around the outermost layer in an interlocking manner.

[0045] As the central part of the yarn, the elastic core wire 101 provides the elasticity and resilience of the yarn. The thermal insulation inorganic fiber filaments 105 have excellent thermal insulation properties and are wrapped around the surface of the elastic core wire 101 in a spiral winding manner, thereby enhancing the thermal insulation properties of the yarn. The conductive fiber filaments 106 are also wrapped around the outside of the wrapping layer of the thermal insulation inorganic fiber filaments 105 in a spiral winding manner. The high strength and heat resistance of the conductive fiber further enhance the physical properties of the yarn. At the same time, the conductive fiber can also provide excellent conductive sensing properties. The flame retardant short fibers 203 are twisted and wrapped around the outermost layer in an interlocking manner, which not only improves the flame retardant properties of the yarn, but also enhances the wear resistance and durability of the yarn.

[0046] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the elastic core filament 101 is one of spandex filament, silicone filament and latex filament; the fineness of the elastic core filament 101 is 100~1000D; the linear density of the thermal insulation inorganic fiber filament 105 is 4.5~50tex; the thermal insulation inorganic fiber is basalt fiber or glass fiber; the linear density of the conductive fiber filament 106 is 4.5~50tex; the conductive fiber is one of carbon fiber, graphene fiber and metal fiber, and the metal fiber is nickel-plated fiber, copper fiber, aluminum fiber or silver fiber; the flame retardant short fiber 203 is one or more of aramid fiber, polyimide fiber, flame retardant nylon and flame retardant viscose.

[0047] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, selecting appropriate elastic core yarn 101 and flame-retardant staple fiber 203 can ensure that the yarn has the required elastic properties and flame-retardant properties; controlling the fineness range and linear density can make the yarn have a certain softness and strength, and optimize the final performance of the yarn.

[0048] Please refer to Figure 1 On the second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a spinning device for elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensor yarns, comprising a wrapping spinning device 100 arranged between the front roller jaws 202 of the spun yarn and the spun yarn guide hook 104; the device is provided with a core yarn self-twisting channel and a filament staple fiber feeding channel, and the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments 105, the conductive fiber filaments 106, and the flame-retardant fiber strips 107 are arranged from right to left from the front roller jaws 202 and wrapped around the surface of the elastic core yarn 101.

[0049] The device, located between the front roller jaws 202 and the yarn guide hook 104, includes a core yarn feed roller 102 and a guide wheel 103. The core yarn feed roller 102 is connected to a core yarn self-twisting channel. A filament and staple fiber feed channel is provided between the core yarn feed roller 102 and the guide wheel 103. This channel is used to wrap thermal insulation inorganic fiber filaments 105, conductive fiber filaments 106, and flame-retardant fiber strands 107 around the surface of the elastic core yarn 101. This device design arranges different types of fibers in an orderly manner and wraps them around the elastic core yarn 101, thus forming a yarn with composite properties.

[0050] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the angle between the line connecting the core yarn feeding roller 102 and the yarn guide wheel 103 and the horizontal direction is 30° to 60°.

[0051] In the technical solution of the embodiments of this application, the angle between the line connecting the core yarn feed roller 102 and the yarn guide wheel 103 and the horizontal direction affects the fiber wrapping effect on the surface of the elastic core yarn 101, thereby affecting the final performance of the yarn. A suitable angle can help the fibers wrap better on the surface of the elastic core yarn 101, forming a uniform yarn structure, thereby improving the performance of the yarn.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 2 In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a spinning method for elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensor yarn, comprising the following steps:

[0053] S1, unwinding the elastic core yarn 101 from the bobbin, feeding it from the core yarn feeding roller 102 of the wrapping spinning device 100, and winding it onto the spun yarn tube 207 through the yarn guide hook 104;

[0054] S2. The heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments 105 and the conductive fiber filaments 106 are unwound from the bobbin and output from the front roller jaws 202 via the godet 201. The output filaments are fed into the filament feeding channel of the wrapping spinning device 100 and are wrapped around the surface of the core filament under the self-twisting action of the core filament.

[0055] S3. The flame-retardant staple fiber 203 is unwound and fed from the bell mouth 204. It is drawn by the rear roller 205, the middle roller 206 and the front roller in sequence and output from the front roller jaws 202 in the form of flame-retardant fiber strips 107. The output staple fiber strips are fed from the staple fiber feeding channel on the wrapping spinning device 100 and spirally wrapped on the surface of the core yarn under the self-twisting drive of the core yarn. The yarn wrapped and coated with the filament and staple fiber passes through the yarn guide hook 104 and is wound on the surface of the yarn tube under the rotation drive of the spun yarn tube 207 to obtain an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn.

[0056] By stacking and wrapping different fibers, a composite structure of the yarn is achieved, giving the yarn elasticity, heat insulation, fire resistance and sensing functions.

[0057] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the output speed of the yarn is 1 to 20 m / min, the twist is 30 to 60 T / m; the rotation speed of the front roller is 500 to 3000 r / min, the rotation speed of the middle roller 206 is 200 to 1000 r / min, the rotation speed of the rear roller 205 is 100 to 600 r / min, and the roving drafting multiple is 10 to 50 times.

[0058] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, by precisely controlling the output speed, twist of the yarn, and the rotation speed and draft ratio of the roller, the yarn can have the required strength and elasticity while also maintaining the softness and comfort of the yarn.

[0059] Some specific examples are listed below. It should be noted that the examples described below are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the examples, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this area or the product specifications are used. Reagents or instruments used without manufacturer's indication are all commercially available conventional products.

[0060] 1. Preparation method

[0061] Example 1

[0062] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn, wherein the elastic core yarn 101 has a fineness of 600 denier, the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments 105 are basalt filaments with a linear density of 18.5 tex, the conductive fiber filaments 106 are carbon fiber filaments with a linear density of 18.5 tex, and the flame-retardant short fiber 203 is made of polyimide fiber with a roving linear density of 600 tex. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0063] S1, after the elastic core yarn 101 is unwound from the bobbin, it passes through the tension plate, is fed from the core yarn channel of the wrapping spinning device 100, and is wound onto the spun yarn tube 207 through the yarn guide hook 104;

[0064] S2, unwinding the basalt filaments and the carbon fiber filaments from the bobbin, and then outputting them from the front roller jaws 202 through the godet 201, and feeding the output filaments from the filament feeding channel of the wrapping spinning device 100, and wrapping around the surface of the core filament under the self-twisting action of the core filament;

[0065] S3. After the flame-retardant staple fiber 203 is unwound, it is fed from the bell mouth 204, and is sequentially drawn by the rear roller 205, the middle roller 206 and the front roller, and output from the front roller jaws 202 in the form of fiber strips. The output flame-retardant fiber strips 107 are fed from the staple fiber feeding channel on the wrapping spinning device 100, and are spirally wrapped on the surface of the core yarn under the self-twisting drive of the core yarn; the yarn wrapped and coated with the filament and staple fiber passes through the yarn guide hook 104, and is wound on the surface of the yarn tube under the rotation drive of the spun yarn tube 207, thereby preparing an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn.

[0066] The angle between the line connecting the core yarn feeding roller 102 and the yarn guide wheel 103 of the wrapped spinning device 100 and the horizontal direction is 60°; the yarn output speed is 10m / min, the yarn twist is 40T / m, the front roller speed is 3000r / min, the middle roller 206 speed is 1000r / min, the rear roller 205 speed is 100r / min, and the coarse yarn drafting multiple is 30 times.

[0067] Example 2

[0068] This embodiment provides a method for preparing an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn. Compared with Example 1, the only difference is that the elastic core yarn 101 has a fineness of 300 denier, the basalt filament linear density is 9.1tex, the carbon fiber filament linear density is 9.1tex, and the angle between the line connecting the core yarn feeding roller 102 of the wrapped spinning device 100 and the yarn guide wheel 103 and the horizontal direction is 30°. The rest is roughly the same as Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0069] Example 3

[0070] This embodiment provides a method for preparing elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn. Compared with Example 2, the difference is that the angle between the line connecting the core yarn feeding roller 102 of the wrapped spinning device 100 and the yarn guide wheel 103 and the horizontal direction is 40°. The rest is roughly the same as Example 2 and will not be repeated here.

[0071] Example 4

[0072] This embodiment provides a method for preparing elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn. Compared with Example 2, the difference is that the angle between the line connecting the core yarn feeding roller 102 of the wrapped spinning device 100 and the yarn guide wheel 103 and the horizontal direction is 45°. The rest is roughly the same as Example 2 and will not be repeated here.

[0073] Example 5

[0074] This embodiment provides a method for preparing elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn. Compared with Example 2, the difference is that the angle between the line connecting the core yarn feeding roller 102 of the wrapped spinning device 100 and the yarn guide wheel 103 and the horizontal direction is 50°. The rest is roughly the same as Example 2 and will not be repeated here.

[0075] Comparative Example 1

[0076] Comparative Example 1 provides a method for preparing an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn. Compared with Example 1, the basalt filaments and the carbon fiber filaments are not wrapped, and the flame-retardant short fibers 203 are directly wrapped on the surface of the elastic core yarn 101 through the wrapping spinning device 100. The other spinning parameters are roughly the same as those in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0077] Comparative Example 2

[0078] Comparative Example 2 provides a preparation method for an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn. Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the carbon fiber filaments are not wrapped, and the basalt filaments and the flame-retardant short fibers 203 are directly wrapped and coated on the elastic core yarn 101. The other spinning parameters are roughly the same as those in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0079] Comparative Example 3

[0080] Comparative Example 3 provides a preparation method of an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn. Compared with Example 1, the difference is that the basalt filaments are not wrapped, and the carbon fiber filaments and flame-retardant short fibers 203 are directly wrapped and coated on the elastic core yarn 101. The other spinning parameters are roughly the same as those in Example 1 and will not be repeated here.

[0081] 2. Test Method

[0082] 1. Strength and elongation at break test

[0083] Test Method: Clamp the yarn vertically at both ends of the tensile tester and stretch until the yarn breaks completely. The yarn strength and elongation at break are measured. Test instrument: Instron tensile tester, stretching speed: 100 mm / min, clamping length: 100 mm, ambient temperature: 25°C, ambient humidity: 50%.

[0084] 2. Flame retardant performance test

[0085] Test method: Figure 3 As shown, a yarn sample is clamped horizontally on an iron stand. An alcohol lamp is used to continuously burn the yarn sample until it breaks. The time from the start of burning to the breaking point is calculated as the flame retardant duration of the yarn sample. Test apparatus: Iron stand, alcohol lamp, clamping length: 100mm, flame temperature: 500-600°C, ambient temperature: 25°C, ambient humidity: 50%.

[0086] 3. Resistance test

[0087] Test method: Figure 4 As shown, a multimeter is used to connect the two ends of the sensing yarn, and the resistance range of the multimeter is adjusted to measure the resistance value of the sensing yarn. Test instrument: multimeter, clamping length: 100mm, ambient temperature: 25℃, ambient humidity: 50%.

[0088] The test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

[0089] Table 1 Test results of yarn properties prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3

[0090]

[0091] Table 2 Test results of yarn properties prepared in Examples 2 to 5

[0092]

[0093] 3. Analysis of test results of various embodiments and comparative examples

[0094] It can be seen from Table 1 that compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the elastic skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn prepared in Example 1 has high strength, good elongation, the best flame retardant properties, and good conductivity. Overall, the yarn prepared in Example 1 has better comprehensive performance and can meet the requirements of yarn for elasticity, flame retardancy, and sensing.

[0095] As can be seen from Table 2, Examples 2 to 5 all have good strength, elasticity, flame retardancy and conductivity. As the angle of the spinning device gradually increases, the elasticity of the yarn gradually increases and the flame retardancy gradually improves. The main reason is that the small-angle wrapping causes the wrapping angle of the rigid filament to become smaller, and its tensile length decreases. At the same time, due to the decrease in the filament angle, the gap between the elastic core yarn and the wrapping filament becomes larger, resulting in a decrease in flame retardancy.

[0096] In summary, the elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensor yarn provided herein has a multi-layer composite structure, comprising, from the inside out, an elastic core yarn 101, a basalt filament wrapping layer, a carbon fiber wrapping layer, and a flame-retardant staple fiber coating layer. The basalt and carbon fibers are both spirally wrapped around the elastic filament surface, while the flame-retardant staple fibers 203 are twisted and intertwined around the outermost layer. The spinning device is equipped with a core yarn self-twisting channel and a filament feed channel. The angle of the filament and staple fiber wrapping can be adjusted by varying the angle at which the two channels intersect. The yarn preparation method provided by the present invention installs a spinning device on a ring spinning frame, twists the elastic core yarn under the action of the rotation of the spinning spindle, and at the same time drives the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments 105, the conductive fiber filaments 106 and the flame-retardant fiber strips 107 to be wrapped. The wrapping process of the three components can be completed in one step, with a short process and high efficiency, overcoming the previous difficulties in yarn formation of rigid fibers and the problems of poor elastic elongation; at the same time, basalt fiber has excellent heat-insulating and flame-retardant effects, which improves the high-temperature resistance of the yarn; carbon fiber can provide excellent conductive sensing performance; and the outermost layer of flame-retardant short fiber 203 provides protection and skin-friendly functions.

[0097] It should be noted that the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. The above-mentioned embodiments are merely examples, and any embodiments having substantially the same structure and effect as the technical concept within the scope of the present application are all included in the technical scope of the present application. In addition, without departing from the scope of the present application, any other embodiments that can be conceived by those skilled in the art and that combine some of the constituent elements in the embodiments are also included in the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A spinning method for elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensor yarn, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Unwinding the elastic core yarn from the bobbin, feeding it into the core yarn channel of the wrapping spinning device, and winding it onto the spun yarn tube through a yarn guide hook; the wrapping spinning device includes a core yarn feeding roller and a yarn guide wheel, the core yarn feeding roller is connected to the core yarn self-twisting channel, and a filament staple fiber feeding channel is provided between the core yarn feeding roller and the yarn guide wheel; S2. Unwinding the heat-insulating inorganic fiber filaments and the conductive fiber filaments from the bobbin, delivering them from the front roller jaws through a godet, feeding the delivered filaments into a filament feeding channel of a wrapping spinning device, and wrapping them around the core yarn surface under the self-twisting action of the core yarn; S3. Unwind the flame-retardant staple fibers, feed them from the bell mouth, and pass through the drafting of the rear roller, middle roller and front roller in sequence, and output from the jaws of the front roller in the form of fiber strips. The output staple strips are fed from the staple fiber feeding channel on the wrapping spinning device, and are spirally wrapped on the surface of the core yarn under the self-twisting drive of the core yarn; the yarn wrapped and coated with filaments and staple fibers passes through a yarn guide hook, and is wound on the surface of the yarn tube under the rotation drive of the spun yarn tube to obtain an elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn; the elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn comprises, from the inside to the outside, an elastic core wire, a heat-insulating inorganic fiber wrapping layer, a conductive fiber wrapping layer and a flame-retardant staple fiber wrapping layer.

2. The spinning method of the elastic skin-friendly heat-insulating fire-resistant sensor yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic core filament is one of spandex filament, silicone filament and latex filament.

3. The spinning method of the elastic skin-friendly heat-insulating fire-resistant sensor yarn according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fineness of the elastic core wire is 100-1000D.

4. The spinning method of the elastic skin-friendly heat-insulating fire-resistant sensor yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear density of the thermal insulation inorganic fiber is 4.5-50 tex, and the thermal insulation inorganic fiber is basalt fiber or glass fiber; the linear density of the conductive fiber is 4.5-50 tex, and the conductive fiber is one of carbon fiber, graphene fiber and metal fiber.

5. The spinning method of the elastic skin-friendly heat-insulating fire-resistant sensor yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant short fiber is one or more of aramid fiber, polyimide fiber, flame retardant nylon and flame retardant viscose.

6. The spinning method of the elastic skin-friendly heat-insulating fire-resistant sensor yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the connecting line of the core yarn feeding roller and the yarn guide wheel and the horizontal direction is 30°~60°.

7. The spinning method of the elastic skin-friendly heat-insulating fire-resistant sensor yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output speed of the yarn is 1~20m / min and the twist is 30~60T / m.

8. The spinning method of the elastic skin-friendly heat-insulating fire-resistant sensor yarn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation speed of the front roller is 500-3000 r / min, the rotation speed of the middle roller is 200-1000 r / min, the rotation speed of the back roller is 100-600 r / min, and the roving drafting ratio is 10-50 times.

9. An elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant sensing yarn, characterized in that: The elastic, skin-friendly, heat-insulating and fire-resistant sensing yarn is prepared by the spinning method of any one of claims 1 to 8.

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