New textile material with eiderdown wrapped by rainbow yarn nanofibers and preparation method of new textile material

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel textile material with eiderdown wrapped by rainbow yarn nanofibers and a preparation method. The novel textile material comprises skeleton fibers located at the axis, an eiderdown component with a heat preservation effect and a rainbow yarn nanofiber reinforcing layer wrapping the outer surface of the eiderdown component. The wrapping reinforcing layer is of a three-dimensional network structure formed by continuous or quasi-continuous nanofibers in a winding, interweaving and lap joint mode, so that stable compounding and structural shaping of down feather components and skeleton fibers are achieved under the condition that the down feather components and the skeleton fibers do not depend on adhesive fixation. The preparation method comprises the following steps: cleaning, drying and opening down for pretreatment; performing melt differential electrostatic spinning on the polymer melt under a high-voltage electrostatic field to form rainbow yarn nanofibers; the down flocs are introduced into the coating area through the framework fibers, so that the rainbow yarn nanofibers are deposited and wound to form a coating reinforcing layer; after being gathered and shaped and twisted into yarns, the yarns can be continuously dragged and wound. The novel textile material has spinnability, structural stability and long-acting thermal insulation performance, and is suitable for spinning, weaving and knitting processing.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of textile materials, in particular to a new textile material of rainbow nanofiber coated down and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Down has outstanding advantages of light weight and high warmth retention due to its unique three-dimensional fluff structure. Down is composed of a core and a large number of branched down fibers, and multi-level pores are formed between the down fibers and around the core, which can retain still air to reduce convective heat transfer, thereby achieving good thermal insulation performance, while also having softness, air permeability and other wearing comfort. However, the down body structure is loose, the surface is relatively smooth, the down fibers are short and have poor uniformity, and it is difficult to form a continuous and stable fiber strip when used alone as a spinning raw material; in the process of conventional spinning carding, drafting and twisting, it is easy to be cut, collapsed or agglomerated, resulting in a decrease in bulkiness and effective porosity, and thus weakening its warmth retention and resilience. Therefore, down has been mainly used as a filling material in the fields of clothing and bedding for a long time, and its application in yarn formation and fabric formation is still significantly limited.

[0003] To realize the yarn formation and fabric formation of down, the existing technology mainly adopts the following schemes: blending spinning with cotton, wool and polyester fibers, core-spun or cabled with filaments / short fibers as carriers, bonding and fixing with adhesives or hot melt fibers, surface modification of down to enhance friction and cohesion, etc. The above schemes can improve the spinnability of the yarn to some extent, but the blending or core-spun method is difficult to accurately control the distribution of down in the cross-section and length direction of the yarn, and the content of down is often limited, which is easy to cause local agglomeration, down shedding and unevenness of the yarn; secondly, the adhesives / thermal fixing may cause problems such as hard hand feeling, reduced air permeability, decreased washability and wear resistance, and volatile residue or solvent residue, and the bonding points are easy to fatigue and fail in long-term use, resulting in a decrease in thermal insulation performance; in addition, some surface modification processes are complex, have high energy consumption or are not sustainable, and it is difficult to balance large-scale preparation and stable quality. In summary, it is urgent to provide a new textile material of down composite, which can realize stable coating and uniform compounding of down without significantly damaging the original fluffy structure and pore characteristics of down, has spinnability and structural stability, and still maintains excellent thermal insulation and durability in long-term use.

[0004] Nanofiber materials show potential in filtration, protection and thermal insulation due to their small fiber diameter, large specific surface area and the ability to construct micro-nano multi-scale pore structure. Rainbow nanofiber is made of polymer melt, and the multi-jet thinning is realized by electrospinning to form a nanofiber network. The multi-jet thinning can reach the scale of visible light, so the "rainbow color" appearance appears. Rainbow nanofiber is fine, flexible and easy to form a continuous winding network. When it is wrapped around the down cluster, a three-dimensional nanofiber network structure is established on the surface of the down filament, which increases the frictional cohesion, electrostatic deposition and mechanical interlocking between down, skeleton fiber and rainbow nanofiber, inhibits the shedding and migration of down, improves the stability of the yarn, and maintains the original fluffy structure of down without relying on a large amount of adhesive, and cooperates with more static air through micro-nano pores to prolong the heat transfer path, thereby improving the long-term thermal insulation. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application provides a new textile material of rainbow nanofiber coated down and a preparation method. The new textile material is formed by taking down as the core thermal unit and taking rainbow nanofiber as the coating enhancement layer to form a stable composite structure. The material realizes uniform coating, effective fixation and continuous spinnability of down without destroying the original fluffy structure and porous characteristics of down, significantly improves the structural stability, anti-shedding property and medium-long-term thermal insulation performance of the yarn, and has good softness and durability, which is suitable for textile processing applications such as spinning, weaving and knitting.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: a new textile material of rainbow nanofiber coated down, characterized in that: the new textile material is a coaxial composite structure, comprising a skeleton fiber, a down component and a rainbow nanofiber component; the skeleton fiber is arranged at the axial center of the composite structure and forms a continuous bearing skeleton, and the down component is distributed around the skeleton fiber to form a thermal core; the rainbow nanofiber component forms a coating enhancement layer, and the coating enhancement layer is composed of continuous or quasi-continuous rainbow nanofiber in the form of winding, interweaving and overlapping to form a three-dimensional network structure and coat the outer surface of the down component, so that the down component and the skeleton fiber realize stable combination and structure setting without relying on adhesive fixation.

[0007] According to the present application, the average fiber diameter of the rainbow nanofiber is 50-2000 nm, preferably 150-500 nm. When the average fiber diameter is less than 50 nm, the nanofiber is prone to breakage or scattering during collection and subsequent friction winding, resulting in a decrease in the continuity and controllability of the coating enhancement layer. When the average fiber diameter is greater than 2000 nm, the fiber size tends to be micron level, which is difficult to form an effective bridging / overlapping network between the down filaments.

[0008] According to the present invention, the areal density of the rainbow nanofiber coating reinforcement layer is 0.1-20 g / m², preferably 2-10 g / m². When the areal density is less than 0.1 g / m², the coating reinforcement layer is difficult to form a continuous network structure, and the bridging point density is insufficient, which easily leads to down migration and shedding; when the areal density is greater than 20 g / m², the coating layer may be too dense, affecting the loft and breathability, while increasing the rigidity and weight of the material, which is not conducive to lightweighting and comfort.

[0009] According to the present invention, the effective pore size of the porous network structure formed by the coating reinforcement layer is 0.1-50 μm, preferably 0.5-10 μm; when the pore size is greater than 50 μm, the risk of down leakage increases and the heat preservation gain is not significant; when the pore size is less than 0.1 μm, the fluffiness and air permeability are insufficient.

[0010] According to the present invention, the thickness of the coating reinforcement layer is 0.5-200 μm, preferably 50-100 μm. When the thickness is less than 0.5 μm, the coating reinforcement effect is insufficient; when the thickness is greater than 200 μm, it is not conducive to lightweighting and economy.

[0011] According to the present invention, the composite method of the rainbow filament nanofibers and the down component is frictional cohesion, electrostatic deposition entanglement and mechanical interlocking coupling. The rainbow filament nanofibers form bridges and overlaps between down filaments, thereby inhibiting the migration of down clumps.

[0012] According to the present invention, the rainbow nanofibers are formed from a thermoplastic polymer selected from one or more of polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polypropylene (PP), and polyethylene (PE). Preferably, PLA or a PLA / TPU blend is used to balance fiber-forming properties, flexibility, and durability.

[0013] According to the present invention, the skeleton fiber is a filament or staple yarn, and the material is selected from one or more of polyester, nylon, viscose, cotton, wool, or blends thereof. Polyester or nylon filaments are preferred as the load-bearing skeleton to provide continuous traction and forming support.

[0014] According to the present invention, the down component may be one or more of white duck down, grey duck down, white goose down, and grey goose down, preferably goose down.

[0015] According to the present invention, the down component can be in the form of down clusters, down filaments, or a mixture of down clusters and down filaments, preferably in the form of down clusters.

[0016] According to the present invention, the down component has a down content of not less than 70%, preferably not less than 80%; According to the present invention, the fill power of the down is 300-900 in³ / oz, preferably 900 in³ / oz.

[0017] According to the present invention, the new textile material is in the form of yarn, with a linear density of 50-2000 dtex, preferably 200-1000 dtex; and a twist of 50-800 T / m, preferably 100-400 T / m.

[0018] According to the present invention, the surface coverage of the coating reinforcement layer on the down component is 30-100%, preferably 75-100%. Too low a coverage rate can easily cause excessive exposure of local down, leading to migration and shedding, and the skeletal fibers fix the down in place.

[0019] According to the present invention, the coating reinforcement layer is a single-layer or multi-layer winding structure, wherein the number of multi-layer winding layers is 2-100 layers, preferably 5-20 layers. Too many layers may lead to excessive density of the coating layer and a hardened feel.

[0020] According to the present invention, the mass percentage of the skeleton fiber is 0-30 wt%, preferably 5-10 wt%. A percentage higher than 30 wt% will dilute the insulation contribution of the down and weaken the insulation performance.

[0021] According to the present invention, the mass percentage of the down component is 20-95 wt%, preferably 50-75 wt%. If the down percentage is less than 20 wt%, it is difficult to form sufficient fluffy pores and a still air layer, and the heat insulation gain is not significant. If it is more than 95 wt%, the down is prone to migration and reduces structural stability due to insufficient coverage and support.

[0022] According to the present invention, the mass percentage of the rainbow filament nanofiber component is 1-50 wt%, preferably 20-30 wt%. A mass percentage higher than 1 wt% ensures that the coating layer can be continuously web-forming and provides sufficient bridging and binding of the down, while a mass percentage lower than 50 wt% avoids excessive nanofibers that would cause the coating layer to be too thick and dense, resulting in reduced breathability and softness.

[0023] According to the present invention, the mass ratio of the rainbow filament nanofiber component to the down component is 0.1:1-5:1, preferably 0.3:1-1:1. A lower ratio will result in insufficient coverage per unit of down, leading to decreased migration resistance and durability, while a higher ratio will easily cause the structure to tend towards polymer fiber layering, reducing porosity and loft, and affecting the feel.

[0024] This invention also provides a method for preparing a novel textile material of down coated with rainbow filament nanofibers, the steps of which are as follows: S1. Down pretreatment: The down is washed, dried and opened to obtain dispersed down clumps; S2. Preparation of rainbow nanofibers: Thermoplastic polymers are heated to a molten state and formed into rainbow nanofibers by melt differential electrospinning under the action of a high voltage electrostatic field; S3. Coating and Composite: The skeleton fiber is continuously traction-driven through the coating area, and guide wheels keep the skeleton fiber centered and stable within the coating area; down tufts are placed in the feeding unit and kept loose, and an annular inlet coaxial with the skeleton fiber is set in the coating area, so that the down tufts are uniformly introduced along the circumference of the skeleton fiber; the uniform introduction is preferably achieved by negative pressure suction, forming an suction airflow pointing towards the skeleton fiber in the coating area, continuously and stably adsorbing the down tufts around the skeleton fiber, thereby forming a down pre-distribution layer around the skeleton fiber; the coating area and the electrospinning area are in the same coupled electric field environment, and the down tufts are polarized and carry charge in the electric field, and the skeleton fiber can be set to ground potential or applied to the rainbow filament nanofiber. A matching bias potential causes the down fluff to aggregate towards the skeleton fibers under the action of the electric field, thereby introducing and distributing it along and around the skeleton fibers together with the negative pressure airflow; the rainbow filament nanofibers obtained in step S2 are deposited on the outer surface of the down fluff under the action of the electric field and airflow, and form a coating reinforcement layer by winding, interweaving and overlapping; the nanofibers in the coating reinforcement layer are bridged and overlapped with the down filaments, thereby stably binding the down fluff around the skeleton fibers and achieving shape-fixing composite; by adjusting the amount of rainbow filament nanofiber deposition, collection distance, traction speed and airflow, the areal density, coverage, pore size and thickness of the coating reinforcement layer fall within the scope of the claims, so as to achieve stable composite and structural shape-fixing without relying on adhesives; S4. Forming and winding: The coated composite structure is gathered and shaped, and twisted into yarn if necessary, and continuously drawn and wound to obtain a new textile material of rainbow filament nanofiber coated down.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include, but are not limited to, the following aspects: 1) Improved structural stability and spinnability: Rainbow filament nanofibers are fine, flexible and easy to form a continuous entangled network. After coating, they construct a three-dimensional rainbow filament nanofiber network structure on the outer surface of down filaments, which significantly enhances the frictional cohesion, electrostatic deposition entanglement and mechanical interlocking between down, skeleton fibers and rainbow filament nanofibers, thereby inhibiting down migration and shedding, and improving the continuity, evenness and yarn strength of the composite structure.

[0026] 2) Reduce reliance on adhesives and maintain fluffy pores: The reinforcing layer achieves physical fixation through bridging and overlapping, eliminating the need for adhesives and hot-melt bonding points. This avoids problems such as stiffness, reduced breathability, and decreased durability, while maximizing the preservation of the original fluffy structure and multi-level pore characteristics of down.

[0027] 3) Significantly enhanced long-term thermal insulation performance: The rainbow-fiber nanofiber coating reinforcement layer forms a three-dimensional mesh-like micro-nano channels, increasing the proportion of stagnant air retention and suppressing convection within the pores; at the same time, bridging and overlapping make the heat transfer path more tortuous and increase the interfacial thermal resistance, reducing the rate of heat conduction and heat loss. The mesh structure provides mechanical interlocking and support for the down, reducing cold spots caused by pressure collapse, down migration, and cavitation, thereby maintaining stable porosity and a high level of thermal insulation over medium to long periods. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a new textile material for coating down with rainbow nanofibers, as described in this invention. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a novel textile material for coating down with rainbow nanofibers, as described in this invention. Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the preparation method of a novel textile material, namely, down coated with rainbow nanofibers, as described in this invention.

[0029] Among them, 1. Rainbow silk nanofiber; 2. Down; 3. Skeleton fiber. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0031] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in this invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0032] This invention provides a novel textile material consisting of rainbow-colored nanofibers coating down. For example... Figure 1 , 2As shown, the new textile material is a coaxial composite structure comprising a skeleton fiber 3, a down component 2, and a rainbow filament nanofiber component 1. The skeleton fiber 3 is disposed at the axial center of the composite structure and forms a continuous load-bearing skeleton. The down component 2 is distributed around the skeleton fiber 3 to form a heat-insulating core. The rainbow filament nanofiber component 1 forms a coating reinforcement layer. The coating reinforcement layer is composed of continuous or quasi-continuous rainbow filament nanofibers 1 forming a three-dimensional network structure through winding, interlacing, and overlapping, and is applied to the outer surface of the down component 2. This allows the down component 2 and the skeleton fiber 3 to achieve stable bonding without relying on adhesives. The structure is defined as follows: The down component 2 can be one or more of white duck down, grey duck down, white goose down, and grey goose down, preferably goose down; the down component 2 can be in the form of down clusters, down filaments, or a mixture of down clusters and down filaments, preferably in the form of down clusters; the down content of the down component 2 is not less than 70%, preferably not less than 80%; the loft of the down component 2 is 300-900 in³ / oz, preferably 900 in³ / oz; the average fiber diameter of the rainbow filament nanofiber 1 is 50-2000 nm; the areal density of the reinforcing layer of the rainbow filament nanofiber 1 is 0.1-20. The effective pore size of the porous network structure formed by the coating reinforcement layer is 0.1-50 μm, and the thickness of the coating reinforcement layer is 0.5-200 μm; the surface coverage of the coating reinforcement layer on the down component 2 is 30-100%, and the coating reinforcement layer is a single-layer or multi-layer winding structure, with 2-100 layers in the multi-layer winding; the composite method of the rainbow filament nanofiber 1 and the down component 2 is frictional cohesion, electrostatic deposition winding, and mechanical interlocking coupling; the rainbow filament nanofiber 1 forms bridges and overlaps between the down filaments of the down 2, inhibiting the migration of down 2 clumps; the rainbow filament nanofiber 1 is made of thermoplastic... The polymer is formed, wherein the thermoplastic polymer is selected from one or more of polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyamide (PA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), polypropylene (PP), and polyethylene (PE); the skeleton fiber 3 is a filament or staple yarn, and the material is selected from one or more of polyester, nylon, viscose, cotton, wool, or blends thereof; the new textile material is in yarn form, with a linear density of 50-2000 dtex and a twist of 50-800 T / m; based on the total mass of the new textile material, the new textile material is composed of skeleton fiber 3x wt%, down component 2y wt%, and rainbow filament nanofiber component 1z wt%, wherein x is 0-30 wt%, y is 20-95 wt%, z is 1-50 wt%, and satisfies x+y+z=100 wt%.

[0033] This invention provides a method for preparing a novel textile material of down coated with rainbow nanofibers, the process of which is as follows: Figure 3As shown, the steps are as follows: S1 Down Component 2 Pretreatment: White goose down is selected as down component 2, preferably in the form of down clusters, with a down content of not less than 80%. After washing down component 2, it is dried at 60-90℃ until the moisture content is ≤3%, and then opened and dispersed to make the down clusters fully fluffy and eliminate agglomeration as much as possible, so as to provide a uniform and stable down clump state for subsequent coating and compounding.

[0034] Preparation of Rainbow Nanofiber Component 1 (S2): A PLA / TPU blend system was selected as the raw material for Rainbow Nanofiber Component 1, with a PLA to TPU mass ratio of 70 / 30. The blend raw material was heated to a molten state, and a 40-80kV high-voltage electrostatic field was applied in a melt differential electrospinning device. Continuous or quasi-continuous Rainbow Nanofiber 1 was formed through multi-jet differential and electric field stretching. By adjusting the voltage, jetting distance, and traction conditions, the average fiber diameter of the obtained Rainbow Nanofiber 1 was stably kept within the range of 50-2000nm. In this embodiment, it was controlled at approximately 200-600nm to facilitate the construction of a continuous network coating structure on the surface of the down component 2.

[0035] S3 Coating and Composite: Polyester filament (167 dtex / 48 f) is selected as the skeleton fiber 3. Guide wheels are used to limit its movement, ensuring the skeleton fiber 3 runs stably and centrally within the coating area. It is continuously pulled through the coating area at a speed of 0.5-5 m / min. The down tufts obtained in step S1 are placed in the feeding unit and kept loose. An annular inlet coaxial with the skeleton fiber 3 is set in the coating area, allowing the down tufts to be uniformly introduced circumferentially along the skeleton fiber 3. This uniform introduction preferably uses a negative pressure suction method, forming an airflow pointing towards the skeleton fiber 3 in the coating area. This allows the down tufts to be continuously and stably adsorbed and gathered around the skeleton fiber 3, thus forming a pre-distribution layer of down around the skeleton fiber 3. The coating area and the electrospinning area are in the same coupled electric field environment. The down component 2 is polarized under the electric field and can carry charge. The skeleton fiber 3 is set to a ground potential or a bias potential matching the deposition of the rainbow nanofiber 1 is applied, causing the down 2 to gather towards the skeleton fiber 3 under the action of the electric field force, thus interacting with the negative pressure airflow. The process involves introducing and distributing the rainbow nanofibers 1 along and around the skeleton fiber 3. Simultaneously, the rainbow nanofibers 1 generated in step S2 are deposited and wound onto the outer surface of the down component 2 under the influence of an electric field and airflow. This forms a coating reinforcement layer through winding, interweaving, and overlapping, creating bridges and overlaps between the nanofibers and the down filaments. This stably binds the down 2 around the skeleton fiber 3, achieving a shaped composite structure. By adjusting the deposition amount, collection distance, traction speed, and airflow rate of the rainbow nanofibers 1, the density of the coating reinforcement layer is maintained between 0.1 and 20 g. Within the range of / m², this embodiment controls it to be about 5g / m²; the surface coverage of the coating reinforcement layer on the down component 2 is controlled to be 30-100%, and in this embodiment it is controlled to be about 100%; and the effective pore size of the porous network structure formed by the coating reinforcement layer is 0.1-50μm, and in this embodiment it is controlled to be about 2-10μm, and the thickness of the coating reinforcement layer is 0.5-200μm, and in this embodiment it is controlled to be about 100μm, thereby achieving stable composite and structural shaping of the down component 2 and the skeleton fiber 3 without relying on adhesives.

[0036] S4 Forming and Winding: The coated composite structure obtained in step S3 is gathered and shaped at the converging port, and twisted into yarn according to yarn requirements. In this embodiment, a twist of 250 T / m is applied to obtain a new textile material of down coated with rainbow filament nanofibers in yarn form. The linear density is controlled within the range of 50-2000 dtex, and in this embodiment, it is controlled at approximately 1000 dtex. Subsequently, continuous traction and winding are performed to obtain the finished product. The finished product consists of skeleton fiber 3 x wt%, down component 2 y wt%, and rainbow filament nanofiber component 1 z wt% by total mass. In this embodiment, x=8 wt%, y=62 wt%, and z=30 wt%, satisfying x+y+z=100 wt%, which takes into account the support of skeleton 3 required for continuous traction forming, the fluffy and heat-insulating contribution of down component 2, and the stable coating ability of rainbow filament nanofiber 1 coating reinforcement layer.

[0037] The results of the heat preservation comparison test of the examples and control group are listed in Table 1. Test conditions: same weight 10.00g, same coating capacity (400mL water), same ambient temperature (8℃), and consistent initial water temperature (ΔT=0). The comparison objects were wool yarn and blended yarn. The data show that when the heat preservation time was 15 / 30 / 45 / 60min, the temperature difference of the present invention relative to wool yarn was 4.4℃, 6.4℃, 8.0℃, and 6.0℃, respectively; and the temperature difference relative to blended yarn was 1.3℃, 4.4℃, 6.0℃, and 5.0℃, respectively. It can be seen that the advantages of the present invention relative to blended yarn are similar in the short term, but the advantages are stable in the medium and long-term heat preservation stage after 30min; relative to wool yarn, it maintains a significant advantage from short to long term. The reason is that the outer rainbow filament nanofiber 1 mesh structure stabilizes the fluffy pores of the down on the one hand, reducing irreversible loss after collapse; on the other hand, it forms micro-nano channels and prolongs the heat transfer path, thus reducing the rate of heat loss.

[0038] Table 1. Comparison of heat preservation test results between the examples and the control group. In this invention, the skeleton fiber 3 and the down component 2 achieve initial cohesion through surface friction; the rainbow filament nanofiber 1 is preferentially deposited and wound along the outer surface of the down component 2 under the action of an electric field; the wound fibers form bridging and overlapping nodes between the down filaments, and the nodes maintain the mesh structure during external compression and rebound, thereby forming a mechanical interlock. This fixation method does not rely on adhesives, avoiding aging and failure of the bonding points; at the same time, the mesh structure forms micro-nano channels, improving the retention of static air and thermal resistance, and achieving medium- and long-term heat preservation gains.

[0039] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new textile material of down feather coated with rainbow silk nanofiber, characterized in that: The nanofiber component of the rainbow silk is formed by a thermoplastic polymer selected from one or more of polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide, thermoplastic polyurethane, polypropylene, and polyethylene. The skeleton fiber is a filament or a spun yarn, and the material is selected from one or more of polyester, polyamide, viscose, cotton, wool, or a blend thereof.

2. The new textile material of down feather coated with rainbow nanofiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The down component is one or more of white duck down, grey duck down, white goose down, and grey goose down, and is preferably goose down.

3. The new textile material of down covered with nanofibers of rainbow silk according to claim 2, characterized in that: The down component is in the form of a down cluster, or a mixture of down clusters and down filaments.

4. The new textile material of the nanofiber coated down feather with rainbow silk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The down component has a down content of not less than 70%, a loft of 300-900 in³ / oz, and the textile new material is in the form of a yarn with a linear density of 50-2000 dtex and a twist of 50-800 T / m.

5. The new textile material of the nanofiber coated down feather with rainbow silk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface coverage of the down component by the coating reinforcement layer is 30-100%, the coating reinforcement layer is a single-layer or multi-layer winding structure, the mass fraction of the skeleton fiber is 0-30 wt%, the mass fraction of the down component is 20-95 wt%, and the mass fraction of the nanofiber component of the rainbow silk is 1-50 wt%.

6. A new textile material of down feather coated with rainbow nanofiber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the nanofiber component of the rainbow silk to the down component is 0.1:1-5:

1.

7. The new textile material of the nanofiber coated down feather with rainbow silk according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps are as follows:

8. The new textile material of down covered with nanofibers of rainbow silk according to claim 7, characterized in that: S1. Down pretreatment: washing, drying, and opening the down to obtain dispersed down clusters; 9. The new textile material of the nanofiber coated down feather with rainbow silk according to claim 1, characterized in that: S2. Preparation of nanofiber of rainbow silk: heating a thermoplastic polymer to a molten state, and forming nanofiber of rainbow silk by melt microelectrospinning under the action of a high-voltage electrostatic field; 10. A method for preparing a new textile material of down covered with rainbow nanofibers, characterized in that ​ ​ ​ S3. Coating composite: the skeleton fiber is pulled through the coating area in a continuous manner, and the guiding wheel keeps the skeleton fiber running stably and centrally in the coating area; the down clusters are set in the feeding unit and kept in a loose state, and an annular guide inlet coaxial with the skeleton fiber is arranged in the coating area, so that the down clusters are uniformly brought along the circumference of the skeleton fiber; the uniform introduction is preferably achieved by negative pressure suction, and a suction airflow directed to the skeleton fiber is formed in the coating area, so that the down clusters are continuously and stably adsorbed around the skeleton fiber, thereby forming a down pre-distribution layer around the skeleton fiber; the coating area and the electrospinning area are in the same coupled electric field environment, the down clusters are polarized and carry charges in the electric field, and the skeleton fiber can be set to a ground potential or a bias potential matched with the rainbow nanofiber, so that the down clusters gather towards the skeleton fiber under the action of the electric field force, thereby realizing introduction along the skeleton fiber and distribution around the skeleton fiber together with the negative pressure airflow; The rainbow nanofiber obtained in step S2 is deposited on the outer surface of the down cluster under the action of electric field force and airflow traction, and forms a coating reinforcing layer in the form of winding, interweaving and overlapping; the nanofiber in the coating reinforcing layer is bridged and overlapped between the down fibers, thereby stably binding the down cluster around the skeleton fiber and realizing shape setting composite; by adjusting the deposition amount, collection distance, traction speed and airflow of the rainbow nanofiber, the areal density, coverage, pore size and thickness of the coating reinforcing layer fall within the range defined in the claims, so as to realize stable composite and structure setting without relying on adhesives; S4. Forming and winding: the coated composite structure is gathered and shaped, twisted into yarn if necessary, and continuously pulled and wound to obtain a new textile material of rainbow nanofiber coated down.

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