Parking and differential locking device, differential, reducer and new energy vehicle

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and particularly relates to a parking and differential lock device, a differential, a speed reducer and a new energy vehicle. The parking and differential lock device comprises a parking ratchet, a through hole extending in the axial direction of the parking ratchet, a plurality of ratchet teeth arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the parking ratchet, and a clamping structure arranged on the inner wall of the through hole. The device further comprises a driving rod assembly, a push rod assembly and a pawl. The driving rod assembly comprises a driving rod, a parking driving element and a locking driving element. The driving rod is fixedly connected with the parking driving element, and the driving rod is rotatably connected with the locking driving element. The push rod assembly comprises a push rod and a cam sleeved on the push rod. The end of the push rod assembly away from the cam is rotatably connected with the parking driving element. The pawl is in abutment with the cam at the end away from the parking ratchet. The yoke assembly is in abutment with the parking ratchet at one end. The application can realize the integration of the parking and differential lock functions at low cost.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, and in particular to a parking and differential locking device, a differential, a speed reducer and a new energy vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the substantial increase in the market share of new energy vehicles, the use scenarios of new energy vehicles are becoming more and more extensive, and the safety performance and escape ability requirements of new energy vehicles are becoming higher and higher. At the same time, in order to meet the increasingly functional requirements of the whole vehicle under limited space conditions, the compactness requirement of parts is becoming higher and higher. With the rapid increase in the popularity of new energy vehicles, the control of the whole vehicle cost is also more and more strict.

[0003] At present, new energy vehicles are used more and more widely in the domestic market, and the use scenarios of the whole vehicle are becoming more and more rich. The off-road performance and escape ability requirements of the whole vehicle are becoming higher and higher, and the safety requirements of the whole vehicle are becoming higher and higher. At present, some new energy vehicles on the market are only equipped with a parking mechanism, some are only equipped with a differential locking mechanism (mainly for SUV models with off-road requirements), and vehicles equipped with both parking mechanism and differential locking mechanism adopt two independent mechanisms, which have complex structure, more parts, large space occupation and high cost. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the embodiments of the present application provide a parking and differential locking device, a differential, a speed reducer and a new energy vehicle, which are used to solve the technical problem of too many parts, large space occupation and high cost when new energy vehicles have both parking and differential locking functions in the prior art.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a parking and differential locking device, comprising:

[0007] A parking ratchet is provided with a through hole extending in the axial direction of the parking ratchet, and a plurality of ratchet teeth are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the parking ratchet. A clamping structure is arranged on the inner wall of the through hole.

[0008] A drive rod assembly includes a drive rod, a parking driving part and a locking driving part. The drive rod is fixedly connected with the parking driving part, and the drive rod is rotatably connected with the locking driving part.

[0009] A push rod assembly includes a push rod and a cam sleeved on the push rod. One end of the push rod assembly away from the cam is rotatably connected with the parking driving part.

[0010] A pawl is in abutment with the cam away from the parking ratchet.

[0011] The shift fork assembly has one end abutting against the parking ratchet;

[0012] The drive rod is used to drive the parking drive component to rotate when it rotates in the first direction under the drive of the power source. The parking drive component drives the push rod and the cam to move along the axis of the push rod, so that the cam moves to the position where the pawl is pressed into the position between two adjacent ratchet teeth on the parking ratchet.

[0013] The drive rod is also used to rotate the parking drive component when it rotates in the second direction under the drive of the power source. The parking drive component drives the push rod and the cam to move along the axis of the push rod, so that the cam moves to a position where the pawl can be completely disengaged from the two adjacent ratchet teeth on the parking ratchet, and drives the locking drive component to rotate. The locking drive component drives the shift fork assembly to move towards the direction close to the reducer housing, so that the shift fork assembly pushes the parking ratchet to the position where the engagement structure engages with the differential housing and the half-shaft gear on the differential motor side.

[0014] The first direction and the second direction are two opposite directions of rotation.

[0015] Preferably, the drive rod assembly further includes a first torsion spring, one end of which is connected to the locking drive member and the other end of which is connected to the parking drive member. The locking drive member is provided with a limit block, which is used to limit the angle of relative rotation between the parking drive member and the locking drive member in the second direction.

[0016] Preferably, the limiting block is disposed on the side of the drive member away from the parking ratchet, and after the drive member rotates to the point where the pawl is completely disengaged from the ratchet teeth of the parking ratchet, the drive member rotates to a position where it abuts against the limiting block.

[0017] Preferably, the push rod assembly further includes a first spring, a stop is provided at the end of the push rod away from the parking drive component, the end of the cam away from the parking drive component is blocked by the stop, one end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the push rod, and the other end is fixedly connected to the cam.

[0018] Preferably, the push rod assembly further includes a limiting member, the inner wall of which abuts against the outer wall of the cam, the inner wall of which the limiting member abuts against the cam is a frustum, the larger diameter end of which faces the parking drive member, the outer wall of which the cam abuts against the limiting member is a frustum, and the larger diameter end of which faces the parking drive member.

[0019] Preferably, the shift fork assembly includes a shift fork shaft, a shift fork, a second spring, and a first pin. The locking drive member is provided with a linear guide groove. One end of the first pin passes through the linear guide groove, and the other end passes through the shift fork shaft. The shift fork is sleeved on the shift fork shaft. The shift fork shaft is provided with a limiting surface. The limiting surface is located on the side of the shift fork away from the locking drive member. The axial movement of the shift fork towards the parking ratchet is blocked by the limiting surface. One end of the second spring is connected to the shift fork, and the other end is connected to the shift fork shaft.

[0020] Preferably, the parking ratchet has an annular groove on the side near the locking assembly, the shift fork has a protrusion extending toward the axis of the parking ratchet, the protrusion is embedded in the annular groove, the limiting member is press-fitted onto the reducer housing, the axis of the push rod and the axis of the shift fork shaft are parallel to the axis of the drive rod, and the system also includes a second pin and a second torsion spring. The second pin is rotatably connected to the reducer housing, the pawl is rotatably connected to the second pin, and once the second torsion spring is connected to the reducer housing, the opposite end of the second torsion spring abuts against the pawl.

[0021] Secondly, the present invention also provides a differential, comprising a differential housing, a reducer-side half-shaft gear, a motor-side half-shaft gear, a planetary gear, a planetary gear shaft, and a parking and differential locking device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7. The planetary gear rotates synchronously with the differential housing, and the planetary gear meshes with the reducer-side half-shaft gear and the motor-side half-shaft gear respectively. A first keyway is provided on the reducer housing, and a second keyway is provided on the motor-side half-shaft gear. When the locking structure of the parking ratchet is inserted into the first keyway and the second keyway, the differential is in a locked state.

[0022] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a speed reducer, including the parking and differential locking device described in the first aspect or the differential described in the second aspect.

[0023] Fourthly, the present invention also provides a new energy vehicle, which includes the differential described in the second aspect or the reducer described in the third aspect.

[0024] Beneficial Effects: The parking and differential locking device, differential, reducer, and new energy vehicle of the present invention achieve parking function by simultaneously driving the push rod assembly and shift fork assembly through the drive rod assembly, parking drive component, and locking drive component in the drive rod assembly. This causes the push rod assembly to press the pawl into the position between two adjacent ratchet teeth on the parking ratchet. Alternatively, driving the push rod assembly causes the pawl to disengage from the two adjacent ratchet teeth on the parking ratchet, thus releasing the parking function. Even when the parking function is released, the shift fork assembly can continue to be driven to move the parking ratchet to the position where the locking structure engages with the differential housing and the half-shaft gear on the differential motor side, thereby locking the differential. The present invention achieves both parking and differential locking functions through ratchet teeth and locking structures respectively located on the inner and outer sides of the parking ratchet. Furthermore, the present invention requires only one power source to drive the parking ratchet to achieve the aforementioned two functions, eliminating the need for two sets of mechanisms. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the present invention has a simpler structure, smaller device size, and lower cost while simultaneously achieving both parking and differential locking functions. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, and these are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the parking and differential locking device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the parking and differential locking device with drive motor of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a front view of the parking and differential locking device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the parking mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the push rod assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the drive rod assembly of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the push rod assembly of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the shift fork assembly of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the differential locking principle of the present invention.

[0035] The components and their numbers shown in the picture:

[0036] Parking ratchet 1, annular groove 11, through hole 12, snap-fit ​​structure 13, tooth groove 14, pawl 2, second pin 21, second torsion spring 22, drive rod assembly 3, drive rod 31, parking drive component 32, locking drive component 33, limit block 331, linear guide groove 332, first torsion spring 34, push rod assembly 4, push rod 41, stop part 411, cam 42, first spring 43, limit component 44, spring washer 45, shift fork assembly 5, shift fork shaft 51, shift fork 52, protrusion 521, second spring 53, first pin 54, differential housing 61, first keyway 611, reducer side half shaft gear 62, second keyway 621, motor side half shaft gear 63, planetary gear 64, motor 7. Detailed Implementation

[0037] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, the element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. Where there is no conflict, embodiments of the present invention and the various features thereof can be combined with each other, all of which are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a parking and differential locking device that combines the functions of parking and differential locking. The device mainly includes a parking ratchet 1, a drive lever assembly 3, a push rod assembly 41, a pawl 2, and a shift fork assembly 5.

[0040] The parking ratchet 1 is provided with a through hole 12 extending along the axial direction of the parking ratchet 1. Several ratchet teeth are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the parking ratchet 1. A snap-fit ​​structure 13 is provided on the inner wall of the through hole 12.

[0041] The parking ratchet 1 can move back and forth along its axis. In this embodiment, the parking ratchet 1 has a through hole 12 in the middle, and the axis of the through hole 12 is parallel to the direction of the back and forth movement of the parking ratchet 1. In order to cooperate with the pawl 2 to realize the parking function, this embodiment has multiple ratchet teeth on the outer circumference of the parking ratchet 1. These ratchet teeth are arranged along the circumferential direction of the parking ratchet 1, and a tooth groove 14 is formed between two adjacent ratchet teeth. When the ratchet teeth on the pawl 2 enter the tooth groove 14, the parking ratchet 1 is locked by the pawl 2 and cannot rotate, thus putting the reducer in the parking state. The locking structure 13 on the inner wall of the through hole 12 can be a protrusion 521 structure from the inner wall of the through hole 12 toward the axis of the through hole 12. The aforementioned structure allows the parking function and differential lock function to be integrated into the parking ratchet 1. Since the ratchet and the locking structure 13 are located on the outer circumferential surface of the parking ratchet 1 and the inner wall of the through hole 12, respectively, and the extension directions of the ratchet and the locking structure 13 are opposite, the integrated parking and differential lock functions will inevitably affect each other.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, the drive rod assembly 3 includes a drive rod 31, a parking drive component 32, and a locking drive component 33. The drive rod 31 is fixedly connected to the parking drive component 32, and the drive rod 31 is rotatably connected to the locking drive component 33.

[0043] The fixed connection between the drive rod 31 and the parking drive component 32 means that there is no relative movement between them after the connection. The parking drive component 32 can be a plate-like structure. In specific implementations, the parking drive plate and the drive rod 31 are fixed together by riveting or welding. The locking drive component 33 has a small clearance fit with the drive rod 31, allowing the locking drive plate and the drive rod 31 to rotate relative to each other.

[0044] In this embodiment, the push rod 41 assembly 4 mainly includes a push rod 41 and a cam 42 sleeved on the push rod 41. The end of the push rod 41 assembly 4 away from the cam 42 is rotatably connected to the parking drive component 32. The push rod 41 assembly 4 is mainly used to drive the pawl 2 to engage into the tooth groove 14 or disengage from the tooth groove 14.

[0045] like Figure 4As shown, the end of the pawl 2 away from the parking ratchet 1 abuts against the cam 42; when the cam 42 moves away from the drive lever 31, the cam 42 can rotate the pawl 2 towards the parking ratchet 1. When the cam 42 moves towards the drive lever 31, the cam 42 leaves space for the pawl 2 to retract from the toothed groove 14.

[0046] One end of the shift fork assembly 5 abuts against the parking ratchet 1; the shift fork assembly 5 can move the parking ratchet 1 along its own axial direction under the drive of the parking drive component 32.

[0047] The drive rod 31 is used to drive the parking drive component 32 to rotate when it rotates in the first direction under the drive of the power source. The parking drive component 32 drives the push rod 41 and the cam 42 to move along the axis of the push rod 41, so that the cam 42 moves to the position where the pawl 2 is pressed into the parking ratchet 1 between two adjacent ratchet teeth.

[0048] The power source can be a motor 7, with the drive rod 31 connected to the output shaft of the motor 7. For example... Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, when parking is required, the output shaft of motor 7 rotates in the first direction, driving drive rod 31 to rotate in the first direction. Drive rod 31 then drives parking drive component 32 to rotate in the first direction. Parking drive component 32 drives push rod 41 to move towards the ratchet. Push rod 41 drives cam 42 to move towards the ratchet. During the movement, cam 42 gradually moves pawl 2 towards the ratchet tooth groove 14 until parking ratchet 1 is stuck by pawl 2 and cannot rotate. At this time, the reducer is in the parking state.

[0049] like Figure 9 As shown, the drive rod 31 is also used to drive the locking drive member 33 to rotate when it rotates in the second direction under the drive of the power source. The locking drive member 33 drives the shift fork assembly 5 to move towards the reducer housing, so that the shift fork assembly 5 pushes the parking ratchet 1 to the position where the locking structure 13 engages with the differential housing 61 and the half-shaft gear on the differential motor side, and drives the parking drive member 32 to rotate. The parking drive member 32 drives the push rod 41 and the cam 42 to move along the axis of the push rod 41, so that the cam 42 moves to a position where the pawl 2 can be completely disengaged from the two adjacent ratchet teeth on the parking ratchet 1. The first direction and the second direction are two opposite rotation directions.

[0050] When it is necessary to release the parking brake, the motor 7 drives the drive rod 31 to rotate in the second direction. The drive rod 31 drives the parking drive component 32 to rotate in the second direction. The parking drive component 32 drives the push rod 41 and the cam 42 to retract along the pushing axis towards the drive rod 31. During the retraction of the cam 42, the position where the cam 42 abuts against the pawl 2 gradually moves away from the tooth groove 14 of the ratchet, so that the pawl 2 can be disengaged from the tooth groove 14 of the ratchet. When the cam 42 moves to the point where the pawl 2 can be completely disengaged from the tooth groove 14, the ratchet can rotate, and the reducer is in the released parking state. When the parking brake is released, if the motor 7 drives the drive lever 31 to continue rotating in the second direction, the parking drive component 32 drives the lock seat drive component to rotate in the second direction, and the locking drive component 33 drives the shift fork 52 to move the parking ratchet 1. When the parking ratchet 1 moves to the point where its locking structure 13 engages with the differential housing 61 and the half-shaft gear on the motor side, the parking ratchet 1, the differential housing 61, and the half-shaft gear 63 on the motor side are locked. The three parts cannot rotate relative to each other, thereby locking the planetary gear 64 and the reducer half-shaft gear, making the reducer half-shaft gear 62 and the motor half-shaft gear 63 rotate at the same speed, thus realizing the function of differential locking.

[0051] like Figure 6 As shown, as an optional but advantageous implementation, the drive rod assembly 3 in this embodiment further includes a first torsion spring 34, one end of which is connected to the locking drive member 33, and the other end is connected to the parking drive member 32. The locking drive member 33 is provided with a limit block 331, which is used to limit the angle of relative rotation between the parking drive member 32 and the locking drive member 33 in the second direction.

[0052] Since the parking drive component 32 is fixedly connected to the drive rod 31, the drive rod 31 can directly drive the parking drive component 32 to rotate. However, the locking drive component 33 is rotatably connected to the drive rod 31, and the locking drive component 33 can rotate relative to the drive rod 31. Therefore, the drive rod 31 cannot directly drive the locking drive component 33 to rotate. When the drive rod 31 rotates in the first direction, causing the pawl 2 to engage in the groove 14 of the parking ratchet 1, the parking drive component 32 also rotates a certain angle in the first direction along with the drive rod 31. At this time, under the elastic force of the torsion spring, the locking drive component 33 also rotates in the first direction, thereby driving the shift fork assembly 5 to move the parking ratchet 1 to the position where the locking structure 13 is disengaged from the differential housing 61 and the motor-side half-shaft gear 63. This ensures that the differential locking function is not triggered when the parking state is activated.

[0053] To trigger the differential locking function, the drive lever 31 needs to rotate in the second direction. When the drive lever 31 rotates in the second direction, it first drives the parking drive component 32 to rotate a certain angle in the second direction, causing the pawl 2 to disengage from the ratchet's tooth groove 14. However, during this process, the locking drive component 33 has not yet rotated to the position where the locking structure 13 enters the keyway of the differential housing 61 and the motor-side half-shaft gear 63. At this time, the differential is still in the unlocked state. Only when the drive lever 31 continues to rotate in the second direction until the locking structure 13 locks both the differential housing 61 and the motor-side half-shaft gear 63, will the differential be in the locked state. Because the pawl 2 has already disengaged from the ratchet's tooth groove 14 before the differential is in the locked state, the parking state of the reducer will not be triggered when the differential locking state is triggered.

[0054] like Figure 6 As shown, in an optional implementation, the limiting block 331 is located on the side of the drive member away from the parking ratchet 1. After the drive member rotates to the point where the pawl 2 is completely disengaged from the ratchet teeth of the parking ratchet 1, the drive member rotates to a position abutting against the limiting block 331. With the aforementioned structure, before the pawl 2 is completely disengaged from the ratchet teeth, the parking drive member 32 will not drive the locking structure 13 to lock the differential housing 61 and the motor-side half-shaft gear 63, thus ensuring that the parking state and the differential lock state are not triggered simultaneously.

[0055] like Figure 7 As shown, as an optional but advantageous implementation, in this embodiment, the push rod 41 assembly 4 further includes a first spring 43, and a stop portion 411 is provided at the end of the push rod 41 away from the parking drive member 32. The end of the cam 42 away from the parking drive member 32 is blocked by the stop portion 411. One end of the first spring 43 is fixedly connected to the push rod 41, and the other end is fixedly connected to the cam 42.

[0056] The first spring 43 is preloaded between the cam 42 and the end of the push rod 41 furthest from the ratchet. In a specific implementation, a stop ring can be provided at the end of the push rod 41 near the parking drive component 32. One end of the first spring 43 abuts against this stop ring, and the opposite end abuts against the cam 42. The stop ring can be a spring washer 45. The push rod 41 is then fixed at both ends by upsetting and stamping, thus installing the cam 42, the preloaded spring, and the spring washer 45 in the middle of the push rod 41.

[0057] When the parking drive unit 32 drives the push rod 41 to move closer to the parking ratchet 1, the first spring 43 is compressed and undergoes elastic deformation. Under the elastic restoring force of the first spring 43, the cam 42 is pushed forward by the spring. If the ratchet tooth of the pawl 2 is directly above the tooth groove 14 of the ratchet at this time, the cam 42 will gradually press the ratchet tooth of the pawl 2 into the tooth groove 14 of the ratchet as it moves forward. If the ratchet tooth of the pawl 2 is directly above the ratchet tooth of the parking ratchet 1, the ratchet tooth of the pawl 2 cannot be pressed into the tooth groove 14 of the ratchet. Due to the obstruction of the pawl 2, the ratchet cannot continue to move forward, but the push rod 41 can still continue to move forward under the drive of the parking drive unit 32. When the parking ratchet 1 rotates to the point where the ratchet tooth of the pawl 2 is directly above the tooth groove 14 of the ratchet, the ratchet tooth of the pawl 2 will be pressed into the tooth groove 14 of the ratchet by the cam 42.

[0058] When the parking state is to be released, the push rod 41 retracts under the action of the parking drive 32. The stop part 411 on the push rod 41 can push the cam 42 to retract together. At this time, the pawl 2 can disengage from the ratchet groove 14, thereby realizing the function of releasing the parking.

[0059] As an optional but advantageous implementation, the push rod 41 assembly 4 in this embodiment further includes a limiting member 44, the inner wall of which abuts against the outer wall of the cam 42. The inner wall of the limiting member 44 that abuts against the cam 42 is a frustum, with the larger diameter end of the frustum facing the parking drive member 32. The outer wall of the cam 42 that abuts against the limiting member 44 is also a frustum, with the larger diameter end of the frustum facing the parking drive member 32.

[0060] The limiting member 44 is press-fitted onto the reducer housing. When the cam 42 moves toward the ratchet under the drive of the push rod 41, the contact position between the frustum surface of the limiting member 44 and the cam 42 gradually moves toward the direction of the ratchet's central axis. Therefore, the cam 42 moves forward while being pressed down by the frustum surface of the limiting member 44. During the pressing process, the cam 42 also presses down the pawl 2, so that the ratchet teeth of the pawl 2 enter the tooth groove 14 of the ratchet.

[0061] like Figure 8As shown, as an optional but advantageous implementation, the shift fork assembly 5 in this embodiment includes a shift fork shaft 51, a shift fork 52, a second spring 53, and a first pin 54. The locking drive member 33 is provided with a linear guide groove 332. One end of the first pin 54 passes through the linear guide groove 332, and the other end passes through the shift fork shaft 51. The shift fork 52 is sleeved on the shift fork shaft 51. The shift fork shaft 51 is provided with a limiting surface. The limiting surface is located on the side of the shift fork 52 away from the locking drive member 33. The movement of the shift fork 52 axially toward the parking ratchet 1 is blocked by the limiting surface. One end of the second spring 53 is connected to the shift fork 52, and the other end is connected to the shift fork shaft 51.

[0062] When the locking drive 33 rotates in the second direction, on the one hand, the locking drive 33 pushes the shift fork shaft 51 to move linearly along its own axis towards the ratchet; on the other hand, the second pin 21 connected to the shift fork 52 moves linearly relative to the locking drive 33 along the guiding direction of the linear guide groove 332. As the shift fork shaft 51 moves towards the ratchet, the second spring 53 is compressed. Under the restoring force of the second spring 53, the shift fork 52 pushes the ratchet towards the reducer housing. When the ratchet is pushed until its locking structure 13 engages with the keyway of the differential housing 61 and the motor-side half-shaft gear 63, the planetary gear 64 and the reducer half-shaft gear are locked by the ratchet and cannot rotate relative to each other, thus locking the differential.

[0063] The device in this embodiment also includes a second pin 21 and a second torsion spring 22. The second pin 21 is rotatably connected to the reducer housing, and the pawl 2 is rotatably connected to the second pin 21. One end of the second torsion spring 22 is connected to the reducer housing, and the other end abuts against the pawl 2. The second pin 21 is clearance-fitted with the pawl 2 and the reducer housing. When the cam 42 presses down on the pawl 2, the pawl 2 rotates around the axis of the second pin 21, and the second torsion spring 22 undergoes elastic deformation. When the cam 42 moves up and back, the pawl 2 rotates in the opposite direction under the restoring force of the second torsion spring 22, thereby causing the ratchet teeth of the pawl 2 to quickly disengage from the tooth groove 14 of the ratchet wheel.

[0064] As an optional but advantageous implementation, in this embodiment, the parking ratchet 1 is provided with an annular groove 11 on the side near the locking assembly, and the shift fork 52 is provided with a protrusion 521 extending in the direction of the axis of the parking ratchet 1, the protrusion 521 being embedded in the annular groove 11.

[0065] The width of the annular groove 11 is slightly larger than the width of the protrusion 521 on the shift fork 52. When the shift fork 52 moves back and forth, the force exerted by the protrusion 521 on the annular groove 11 pushes the parking ratchet 1 to move in the axial direction.

[0066] Example 2

[0067] This embodiment provides a differential, such as Figure 9 As shown, the differential includes a differential housing 61, a reducer-side half-shaft gear 62, a motor-side half-shaft gear 63, a planetary gear 64, a planetary gear 64 shaft, and the parking and differential locking device described in Embodiment 1. The planetary gear 64 rotates synchronously with the differential housing 61. The planetary gear 64 meshes with the reducer-side half-shaft gear 62 and the motor-side half-shaft gear 63 respectively. The reducer housing is provided with a first keyway 611, and the motor-side half-shaft gear 63 is provided with a second keyway 621. When the locking structure 13 of the parking ratchet 1 is inserted into the first keyway 611 and the second keyway 621, the differential is in a locked state.

[0068] The planetary gear 64 is an integral part of the differential housing 61. In other embodiments, the planetary gear 64 can be fixedly connected to the differential housing 61, in which case the planetary gear 64 and the differential housing 61 rotate synchronously. The length of the locking structure 13 of the parking ratchet 1 can be set to exceed the height of the first keyway 611, so that the locking structure 13 can be inserted into both the differential housing 61 and the motor-side half-shaft gear 63 simultaneously, thereby locking them together.

[0069] Since the differential in this embodiment adopts the parking and differential locking device in Embodiment 1, this embodiment can achieve the functions of parking and differential locking simultaneously with a simple mechanism and low cost.

[0070] Example 3

[0071] This embodiment provides a speed reducer, which includes the parking and differential locking device described in Embodiment 1 or the differential described in Embodiment 2.

[0072] Since the differential in this embodiment adopts the parking and differential locking device in Embodiment 1, or the differential described in Embodiment 2, this embodiment can achieve the functions of parking and differential locking simultaneously with a simple mechanism and low cost.

[0073] Example 4

[0074] This embodiment provides a new energy vehicle, which includes the differential in embodiment 2 or the reducer in embodiment 3.

[0075] Since the differential of the new energy vehicle in this embodiment adopts the differential in embodiment 2 or the reducer in embodiment 3, this embodiment can achieve the functions of parking and differential locking at the same time with a simple mechanism and low cost.

[0076] The above is a detailed description of the parking and differential locking device, differential, reducer, and new energy vehicle provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0077] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the systems, modules, and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, and these modifications or substitutions should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A parking and differential locking device, characterized in that, include: A parking ratchet is provided with a through hole extending along the axial direction of the parking ratchet. Several ratchet teeth are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the parking ratchet, and a snap-fit ​​structure is provided on the inner wall of the through hole. A drive lever assembly includes a drive lever, a parking drive component, and a locking drive component, wherein the drive lever is fixedly connected to the parking drive component and the drive lever is rotatably connected to the locking drive component; A push rod assembly includes a push rod and a cam sleeved on the push rod, wherein the end of the push rod assembly away from the cam is rotatably connected to the parking drive component; The pawl, at the end furthest from the parking ratchet, abuts against the cam; The shift fork assembly has one end abutting against the parking ratchet and the other end connected to the locking drive. The drive rod is used to drive the parking drive component to rotate when it rotates in the first direction under the drive of the power source. The parking drive component drives the push rod and the cam to move along the axis of the push rod so that the cam moves to the position where the pawl is pressed into the position between two adjacent ratchet teeth on the parking ratchet. The drive rod is also used to drive the parking drive component to rotate when it rotates in the second direction under the drive of the power source. The parking drive component drives the push rod and the cam to move along the axis of the push rod so that the cam moves to a position where the pawl can be completely disengaged from the two adjacent ratchet teeth on the parking ratchet. The lock drive component drives the shift fork assembly to move towards the direction close to the reducer housing so that the shift fork assembly pushes the parking ratchet to a position where the engagement structure engages with the differential housing and the half-shaft gear on the differential motor side. The first direction and the second direction are two opposite directions of rotation; The push rod assembly also includes a limiting member, the inner wall of which abuts against the outer wall of the cam. The inner wall of the limiting member that abuts against the cam is a frustum, with the larger diameter end of the frustum facing the parking drive component. The outer wall of the cam that abuts against the limiting member is a frustum, with the larger diameter end of the frustum facing the parking drive component. The shift fork assembly includes a shift fork shaft, a shift fork, a second spring, and a first pin. The locking drive member is provided with a linear guide groove. One end of the first pin passes through the linear guide groove, and the other end passes through the shift fork shaft. The shift fork is sleeved on the shift fork shaft. The shift fork shaft is provided with a limiting surface. The limiting surface is located on the side of the shift fork away from the locking drive member. The axial movement of the shift fork towards the parking ratchet is blocked by the limiting surface. One end of the second spring is connected to the shift fork, and the other end is connected to the shift fork shaft.

2. The parking and differential locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive rod assembly also includes a first torsion spring, one end of which is connected to the locking drive member and the other end of which is connected to the parking drive member. The locking drive member is provided with a limit block, which is used to limit the angle of relative rotation between the parking drive member and the locking drive member in the second direction.

3. The parking and differential locking device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The limiting block is located on the side of the drive member away from the parking ratchet. After the drive member rotates to the point where the pawl is completely disengaged from the ratchet teeth of the parking ratchet, the drive member rotates to a position where it abuts against the limiting block.

4. The parking and differential locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The push rod assembly also includes a first spring. The end of the push rod away from the parking drive component is provided with a stop portion. The end of the cam away from the parking drive component is blocked by the stop portion. One end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the push rod, and the other end is fixedly connected to the cam.

5. The parking and differential locking device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The parking ratchet has an annular groove on the side near the locking assembly. The shift fork has a protrusion extending towards the axis of the parking ratchet, which is embedded in the annular groove. The limiting member is press-fitted onto the reducer housing. The axes of the push rod and the shift fork shaft are parallel to the axis of the drive rod. The system also includes a second pin and a second torsion spring. The second pin is rotatably connected to the reducer housing. The pawl is rotatably connected to the second pin. One end of the second torsion spring is connected to the reducer housing, and the other end abuts against the pawl.

6. A differential, characterized in that, The device includes a differential housing, a reducer-side half-shaft gear, a motor-side half-shaft gear, planetary gears, and a parking and differential locking device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5. The planetary gears rotate synchronously with the differential housing and mesh with the reducer-side half-shaft gear and the motor-side half-shaft gear, respectively. The reducer housing is provided with a first keyway, and the motor-side half-shaft gear is provided with a second keyway. When the locking structure of the parking ratchet is inserted into the first keyway and the second keyway, the differential is in a locked state.

7. A speed reducer, characterized in that, It includes the parking and differential locking device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 or the differential as described in claim 6.

8. A new energy vehicle, characterized in that, This includes the differential as described in claim 6 or the reducer as described in claim 7.

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