A coupled refrigeration system and its operation method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of refrigeration technology, and particularly relates to a coupled refrigeration system and its operation method. The coupled refrigeration system includes a heat pipe cooling system, a sky radiation refrigeration system, and a mechanical refrigeration system. The heat pipe cooling system includes a gravity heat pipe; the sky radiation refrigeration system includes a first loop and a cooling medium, and the first loop is sequentially connected to a radiation refrigeration module, a first pump body, and a heat exchange component. The heat exchange component is coupled to the condenser end of the gravity heat pipe to remove heat from the condenser end of the gravity heat pipe. The radiation refrigeration module is used to transfer the heat absorbed by the cooling medium from the condenser end of the gravity heat pipe to outer space. A third heat exchanger is provided between the first pump body and the input end of the heat exchange component; the mechanical refrigeration system includes a second loop and a refrigerant, and the second loop is connected to an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, and a throttling mechanism. The evaporator is coupled to the third heat exchanger to further cool the cooling medium. This invention significantly reduces system energy consumption and carbon emissions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of refrigeration technology, and in particular relates to a coupled refrigeration system and its operation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of communication technology, the feature size of communication chips has shrunk by more than a hundred times in the past decade, leading to a continuous increase in the power of electronic component modules and a corresponding increase in heat flux density per unit area. Heat dissipation has become a pressing issue affecting chip performance. As the power density of single server racks increases, the rate of temperature rise caused by cooling failures gradually increases. Overheating of IT equipment can lead to reduced server performance or hardware damage, causing irreparable economic losses and even endangering personal safety and social stability. Preliminary statistics indicate that 25% of communication failures are caused by excessively high temperatures within data centers due to municipal power outages or cooling equipment malfunctions, with a single downtime costing as much as $2.4 million.

[0003] Natural cooling is an important means of energy conservation and consumption reduction in data centers. Currently, fresh air cooling has received widespread attention due to its advantages such as simple structure, high cooling efficiency, and economical use. However, there are several issues that most studies in this field have not yet considered in detail: 1) Since the benefits of energy saving far outweigh those of water saving, most studies in this field have not considered further reducing the water consumption of DC (data center) cooling systems. However, according to publicly available water consumption data, the data center industry is becoming a potential water-consuming sector, and fresh air cooling has high humidification water consumption; 2) The environmental problem of global warming is becoming increasingly serious. Natural cooling technology can reduce DC power consumption and thus reduce carbon footprint. However, almost all of the power consumption of DC is converted into low-grade waste heat. Currently, the natural cooling technology used in DC releases waste heat into the living environment, which may be difficult to solve the global warming caused by thermal pollution; 3) Fresh air cooling, which uses outdoor air as a single cold source, has strict requirements for environmental conditions, including various temperature, humidity, and air quality standards. These many restrictions prevent the full realization of the potential of natural cooling using fresh air. Further coupling with other natural cooling sources and methods is a possible improvement to address the aforementioned problems. Unfortunately, there is currently little research on data center cooling systems that couple multiple natural cooling methods.

[0004] A novel natural cooling technology, known in the industry as sky radiation cooling, is emerging. Sky radiation cooling is based on the principle of thermal radiation, where hot objects radiate energy to lower their temperature. Within Earth's atmosphere, there exists an "atmospheric window" that is highly transparent to infrared radiation in the 8–13 μm wavelength range, allowing infrared radiation from the Earth's surface to pass through and be released into space. Because the temperature of the cosmic background is extremely low (approximately 2.7 K), far lower than the average temperature of the Earth's surface (approximately 290 K), objects on Earth's surface can emit infrared radiation into space through this window, thus achieving self-cooling. Sky radiation cooling is attracting widespread attention and research due to its advantages such as simple structure, high plasticity, zero energy consumption, zero water consumption, and no environmental impact. However, research on coupling sky radiation cooling as a natural cooling system for data centers is currently relatively scarce. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned technical problems by providing a coupled refrigeration system and its operation method, thereby reducing system energy consumption and carbon emissions.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a coupled refrigeration system, comprising:

[0007] A heat pipe cooling system, comprising a gravity heat pipe, the gravity heat pipe including an evaporation end and a condensation end, the evaporation end being used to reduce the temperature of the component to be cooled;

[0008] The sky radiation cooling system includes a first loop and a cooling medium flowing through the first loop. The first loop is also connected in sequence to a radiation cooling module, a first pump body, and a heat exchange component. The first pump body is used to drive the cooling medium to flow in the first loop. The heat exchange component is coupled to the condenser end of the gravity heat pipe to remove the heat from the condenser end of the gravity heat pipe. The radiation cooling module is used to transfer the heat absorbed by the cooling medium from the condenser end of the gravity heat pipe to outer space. A third heat exchanger is provided between the first pump body and the input end of the heat exchange component.

[0009] A mechanical refrigeration system, comprising a second loop through which a refrigerant flows, and an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, and a throttling mechanism connected to the second loop. The evaporator is coupled to a third heat exchanger for further cooling of the cooling medium that has been cooled by the radiant refrigeration module before entering the heat exchange components.

[0010] In this technical solution, radiative cooling efficiently reflects sunlight and spontaneously transfers heat to the low-temperature outer space through infrared radiation at atmospheric windows, achieving zero-energy cooling and reducing carbon emissions. It is a negative-carbon cooling technology that enhances the system's carbon reduction performance. By coupling radiative cooling, heat pipe cooling, and mechanical cooling, it can significantly improve the utilization rate of natural cold sources and the system's heat conduction capacity. In particular, the evaporator of the mechanical cooling system can further cool the cooling medium before it enters the heat exchange components after being cooled by the radiative cooling module. This can compensate for the shortcomings of the sky radiative cooling system in terms of its weak cooling effect on the cooling medium, thereby significantly reducing system energy consumption and carbon emissions.

[0011] Furthermore, an electric three-way valve is connected to both ends of the radiative cooling module on the first circuit. The sky radiative cooling system also includes a cold storage pipeline. Both ends of the cold storage pipeline are connected to the aforementioned electric three-way valve. A cold storage box and a second pump are connected to the cold storage pipeline. The cold storage box is used to store the cooled cooling medium, and the second pump is used to drive the cooling medium flowing out of the radiative cooling module to be stored in the cold storage box.

[0012] In this technical solution, by switching the electric three-way valve, the cold storage box can switch between cold storage and cold supply modes. It is used to extract the cooling medium cooled by the radiant cooling module in the pipeline through the second pump body and store it in the cold storage box, or to extract the cooling medium in the cold storage box into the pipeline through the first pump body, based on the cooling effect of the radiant cooling module and the temperature of the condensing section of the gravity heat pipe.

[0013] Furthermore, the condenser of the mechanical refrigeration system is also equipped with an enhanced heat dissipation branch, which is used to dissipate heat from the condenser.

[0014] In this technical solution, the enhanced heat dissipation branch can dissipate heat from the condenser, improving the cooling effect and capacity of the condenser in the mechanical refrigeration system, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the mechanical refrigeration system and reducing energy consumption.

[0015] Furthermore, one end of the enhanced heat dissipation branch is connected between the first pump body and the third heat exchanger in the first circuit, and the other end is connected to the output end of the heat exchange component in the first circuit. An electric valve and a second heat exchanger are connected to the enhanced heat dissipation branch, and the second heat exchanger is used to dissipate heat from the condenser.

[0016] In this technical solution, the medium-temperature cooling medium after being cooled by the radiative cooling module in the first loop can be split into two paths. One path flows to the third heat exchanger, where it becomes a low-temperature cooling medium after being cooled by the evaporator. It then enters the heat exchange assembly to cool the condenser end of the gravity heat pipe, facilitating more efficient cooling of the evaporator end of the gravity heat pipe. When the condenser temperature of the mechanical refrigeration system is too high, the electric valve is opened, and the medium-temperature cooling medium splits into another path, flowing to the second heat exchanger in the enhanced heat dissipation branch to dissipate heat from the high-temperature condenser in the mechanical refrigeration system. The medium-temperature cooling medium then becomes a high-temperature cooling medium, merging with the high-temperature cooling medium output from the heat exchange assembly. Together, they flow in the first loop and are cooled by the radiative cooling module. This cycle repeats, with the medium-temperature cooling medium splitting into two paths to dissipate heat from the heat pipe cooling system and the high-temperature cooling medium returning to the first loop. This fully utilizes the radiative cooling system, improving the overall cooling effect of the cooling components and reducing energy consumption.

[0017] Furthermore, the heat exchange assembly includes a cooling capacity distribution unit and multiple first heat exchangers, and the heat pipe heat dissipation system includes multiple gravity heat pipes, each gravity heat pipe having a first heat exchanger coupled to its condensing end. The cooling capacity distribution unit is used to distribute a cooling medium to each first heat exchanger.

[0018] Furthermore, the coupled refrigeration system also includes a control system, which includes a controller, a temperature and humidity sensing component, a wind speed module, a solar radiation module, and a wind direction module. The temperature and humidity sensing component includes a temperature and humidity module used by a weather station to collect outdoor temperature and humidity data, and multiple temperature sensors installed on various components within the system. The controller controls the operation of the electric three-way valve, the electric valve, and the cooling capacity distribution unit based on the temperature and humidity, wind speed, wind direction, and solar radiation measured by the temperature and humidity sensing component, the wind speed module, the solar radiation module, and the wind direction module.

[0019] Furthermore, the components to be cooled include CPUs and / or GPUs and / or device cabinets.

[0020] Furthermore, the operating methods of the refrigeration system include the following working modes:

[0021] The direct cooling mode of the sky radiation cooling system: the evaporator end of the gravity heat pipe absorbs the temperature of the component to be cooled, the heat is carried away by the cooling medium at the condenser end, and the radiation cooling module transfers the heat of the cooling medium to the low temperature outer space.

[0022] Cold storage box cold storage mode: When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the part to be cooled is lower than the preset value, and the temperature of the cooling medium flowing out of the radiant cooling module is lower than the temperature inside the cold storage box, the controller controls the switching of the electric three-way valve so that the second pump collects the cooling medium cooled by the sky radiant cooling system into the cold storage box.

[0023] Cold storage box cooling mode: When the temperature of the cooling medium flowing out of the radiant cooling module measured by the temperature sensor is higher than the set value, making it unable to be used directly for cooling, or when the temperature of the cooling medium flowing out of the radiant cooling module calculated according to meteorological parameters is higher than the set value, the controller controls the switching of the electric three-way valve, so that the cooling medium stored in the cold storage box flows out of the cold storage pipeline with the drive of the first pump body.

[0024] Mechanical refrigeration mode: When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the cooling medium entering the cooling capacity distribution unit is higher than the system preset value, the mechanical refrigeration system is activated, so that the evaporator performs secondary cooling on the cooling medium flowing through the third heat exchanger.

[0025] Enhanced heat dissipation mode: When the temperature sensor detects that the condenser heat dissipation temperature of the mechanical refrigeration system is higher than the system preset value, the electric valve is opened, allowing part of the cooling medium in the first circuit to flow to the second heat exchanger to cool the condenser.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0027] 1. Radiative cooling achieves zero-energy cooling and reduces carbon emissions by efficiently reflecting sunlight and spontaneously transferring heat to the low-temperature outer space through infrared radiation at atmospheric windows. It is a negative-carbon cooling technology that enhances the carbon reduction performance of the system. By coupling radiative cooling, heat pipe cooling, and mechanical cooling, it can significantly improve the utilization rate of natural cold sources and the system's heat conduction capacity. In particular, the evaporator of the mechanical cooling system can further cool the cooling medium before it enters the heat exchange components after being cooled by the radiative cooling module. This can compensate for the shortcomings of the radiative cooling system in the case of weak cooling effect on the cooling medium, thereby significantly reducing system energy consumption and carbon emissions.

[0028] 2. By switching the electric three-way valve, the cold storage box can switch between cold storage and cooling modes. Based on the cooling effect of the radiant cooling module and the temperature of the gravity heat pipe condenser section, the cold medium cooled by the radiant cooling module in the pipeline is drawn from the pipeline by the second pump and stored in the cold storage box, or the cold medium in the cold storage box is drawn from the pipeline by the first pump and into the pipeline. The storage and retrieval of the cold medium can be realized according to the actual needs of the system, making the refrigeration system more precise and reducing energy waste.

[0029] 3. In the first loop, the medium-temperature cooling medium, after being cooled by the radiant cooling module, can be split into two paths. One path flows to the third heat exchanger, where it becomes a low-temperature cooling medium after being cooled by the evaporator. It then enters the heat exchange assembly to cool the condenser end of the gravity heat pipe, facilitating more efficient cooling of the evaporator end of the gravity heat pipe. When the condenser temperature in the mechanical refrigeration system is too high, the electric valve is opened, and the medium-temperature cooling medium splits into another path, flowing to the second heat exchanger in the enhanced heat dissipation branch to dissipate heat from the high-temperature condenser in the mechanical refrigeration system. Thus, the medium-temperature cooling medium becomes a high-temperature cooling medium. The cold medium merges with the high-temperature cooling medium from the output of the heat exchange component and flows together in the first loop through the radiant cooling module for cooling. This cycle repeats, enhancing the heat dissipation branch to dissipate heat from the condenser, improving the cooling effect and capacity of the condenser in the mechanical refrigeration system, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the mechanical refrigeration system and reducing energy consumption. Furthermore, the medium-temperature cooling medium is divided into two paths to dissipate heat from the heat pipe cooling system and the high-temperature cooling medium returns to the first loop, making full use of the radiant cooling system. This not only improves the overall cooling effect of the cooling components but also reduces energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a system diagram of a coupled refrigeration system;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a diagram illustrating the working mode of a coupled refrigeration system;

[0032] The markings in the diagram are as follows:

[0033] 1. Heat pipe cooling system; 2. Component to be cooled; 3. Evaporator end; 4. Condenser end; 5. Sky radiation cooling system; 6. Radiation cooling module; 7. First heat exchanger; 8. Cooling capacity distribution unit; 9. Mechanical refrigeration system; 10. Cold storage tank; 11. Electric three-way valve; 12. Evaporator; 13. Compressor; 14. Condenser; 15. Throttling mechanism; 16. Electric valve; 17. Second heat exchanger; 18. Controller; 19. Temperature and humidity module; 20. Fan speed module; 21. Solar radiation module; 22. Air direction module; 23. First loop; 24. First pump body; 25. Heat exchange components; 26. Third heat exchanger; 27. Second loop; 28. Cold storage pipeline. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. For ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0036] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and are not limited in number; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0037] It should be noted that in the description of this application, the directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, a coupled refrigeration system includes a heat pipe cooling system 1, a sky radiation refrigeration system 5, and a mechanical refrigeration system 9.

[0041] The heat pipe cooling system 1 includes a gravity heat pipe, which includes an evaporation end 3 and a condensation end 4. The evaporation end 3 is used to reduce the temperature of the component 2 to be cooled, which includes a CPU and / or a GPU and / or a device cabinet.

[0042] The sky radiation cooling system 5 includes a first loop 23 and a cooling medium flowing in the pipe of the first loop 23. The first loop 23 is also connected in sequence to a radiation cooling module 6, a first pump body 24 and a heat exchange component 25. The first pump body 24 is used to drive the cooling medium to flow in the first loop 23. The heat exchange component 25 is coupled to the condenser end 4 of the gravity heat pipe to remove the heat from the condenser end 4 of the gravity heat pipe. The radiation cooling module 6 is used to transfer the heat absorbed by the cooling medium from the condenser end 4 of the gravity heat pipe to outer space. A third heat exchanger 26 is provided between the input end of the first pump body 24 and the heat exchange component 25.

[0043] The mechanical refrigeration system 9 includes a second circuit 27 in which a refrigerant flows. An evaporator 12, a compressor 13, a condenser 14, and a throttling mechanism 15 are connected to the second circuit 27. The evaporator 12 is coupled to a third heat exchanger 26 for further cooling of the cooling medium before it enters the heat exchange assembly 25 after being cooled by the radiant refrigeration module 6.

[0044] Sky radiation cooling technology is based on the principle of thermal radiation, where objects with higher temperatures radiate energy to the outside world to lower their temperature. Within Earth's atmosphere, there exists an "atmospheric window" that is highly transparent to infrared radiation in the 8–13 μm wavelength range, allowing infrared radiation from the Earth's surface to pass through and be released into space. Since the temperature of the cosmic background is extremely low (approximately 2.7 K), far lower than the average temperature of Earth's surface (approximately 290 K), objects on Earth's surface can emit infrared radiation into space through this window, thereby achieving self-cooling. This can achieve zero-energy cooling, reduce carbon emissions, and is a negative-carbon cooling technology that improves the system's carbon reduction performance. Sky radiation cooling is a commonly used method in this field, and its specific structure will not be detailed in this application. By coupling radiative cooling, heat pipe cooling, and mechanical cooling, the utilization rate of natural cold sources and the system's heat conduction capacity can be significantly improved. In particular, the evaporator 12 of the mechanical cooling system 9 can further cool the cooling medium before it enters the heat exchange component 25 after being cooled by the radiative cooling module 6. This can compensate for the shortcomings of the radiative cooling system 5 in terms of its weak cooling effect on the cooling medium, thereby significantly reducing system energy consumption and carbon emissions.

[0045] The first circuit 23 is connected to electric three-way valves 11 at both ends of the radiant cooling module 6. The sky radiant cooling system 5 also includes a cold storage pipeline 28, with both ends of the cold storage pipeline 28 connected to the electric three-way valves 11. A cold storage box 10 is connected to the cold storage pipeline 28, which is used to store the cooled cooling medium.

[0046] By switching the electric three-way valve 11, the cold storage box 10 can switch between cold storage and cold supply modes. It is used to store the cooling medium cooled by the radiant cooling module 6 in the pipeline into the cold storage box 10 or to draw the cooling medium in the cold storage box 10 into the pipeline through the first pump body 24, based on the cooling effect of the radiant cooling module 6 and the temperature of the condensing section of the gravity heat pipe.

[0047] The condenser 14 of the mechanical refrigeration system 9 is also equipped with an enhanced heat dissipation branch, which is used to dissipate heat from the condenser 14. The enhanced heat dissipation branch can dissipate heat from the condenser 14, improve the cooling effect and capacity of the condenser 14 of the mechanical refrigeration system 9, thereby improving the energy efficiency of the mechanical refrigeration system 9 and reducing energy consumption.

[0048] One end of the enhanced heat dissipation branch is connected between the first pump body 24 and the third heat exchanger 26 in the first circuit 23, and the other end is connected to the output end of the heat exchange component 25 in the first circuit 23. An electric valve 16 and a second heat exchanger 17 are connected to the enhanced heat dissipation branch. The second heat exchanger 17 is used to dissipate heat from the condenser 14.

[0049] In the first loop 23, the medium-temperature cooling medium, after being cooled by the radiant cooling module 6, can be split into two paths. One path flows to the third heat exchanger 26, where it becomes a low-temperature cooling medium after being cooled by the evaporator 12. It then enters the heat exchange assembly 25 to cool the condenser end 4 of the gravity heat pipe, facilitating more efficient cooling of the evaporator end 3 of the gravity heat pipe and the cooling element 2. When the temperature of the condenser 14 in the mechanical refrigeration system 9 is too high, the electric valve 16 is opened, causing the medium-temperature cooling medium to split into another path, flowing to the second heat exchanger 17 of the enhanced heat dissipation branch, further cooling the mechanical refrigeration system. The high-temperature condenser 14 in the mechanical refrigeration system 9 dissipates heat, and the medium-temperature cooling medium becomes a high-temperature cooling medium, which merges with the high-temperature cooling medium output from the heat exchange component 25. Together, they flow in the first loop 23 and are cooled by the radiation refrigeration module 6. This cycle continues, with the medium-temperature cooling medium splitting into two paths to dissipate heat from the heat pipe cooling system 1 and the high-temperature cooling medium returning to the first loop 23. This fully utilizes the sky radiation refrigeration system 5, which not only improves the overall cooling effect of the cooling component 2 but also reduces energy consumption.

[0050] The heat exchange assembly 25 includes a cooling capacity distribution unit 8 and a plurality of first heat exchangers 7. The heat pipe heat dissipation system 1 includes a plurality of gravity heat pipes. The condensing end 4 of each gravity heat pipe is coupled to a first heat exchanger 7. The cooling capacity distribution unit 8 is used to distribute a cooling medium to each first heat exchanger 7.

[0051] The coupled refrigeration system also includes a control system, which includes a controller 18, a temperature and humidity sensing component, a wind speed module 20, a solar radiation module 21, and a wind direction module 22. The temperature and humidity sensing component includes a temperature and humidity module 19 used by a weather station to collect outdoor temperature and humidity data, and multiple temperature sensors installed on various components within the system. The controller 18 controls the operation of the electric three-way valve 11, the electric valve 16, and the cooling capacity distribution unit 8 based on the temperature and humidity, wind speed, wind direction, and solar radiation measured by the temperature and humidity sensing component, the wind speed module 20, the solar radiation module 21, and the wind direction module 22.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the operation method of the coupled refrigeration system includes the following working modes:

[0054] The Sky Radiation Cooling System 5 direct cooling mode: the evaporation end 3 of the gravity heat pipe absorbs the temperature of the component to be cooled 2, and the heat is carried away by the cooling medium at the condensation end 4. The radiation cooling module 6 transfers the heat of the cooling medium to the low-temperature outer space.

[0055] Cold storage mode of cold storage box 10: When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the component 2 to be cooled is lower than the preset value, and the temperature of the cooling medium flowing out of the radiant cooling module is lower than the temperature in the cold storage box, the controller 18 controls the switching of the electric three-way valve 11 so that the cooling medium cooled by the sky radiant cooling system 5 is collected into the cold storage box 10.

[0056] Cooling mode of cold storage box 10: When the temperature of the cooling medium flowing out of the radiant cooling module 6 measured by the temperature sensor is higher than the set value, making it impossible to use it directly for cooling, or when the theoretical outlet water temperature of the radiant cooling module 6 calculated according to meteorological parameters is higher than the set value, the controller 18 controls the switching of the electric three-way valve 11, so that the cooling medium stored in the cold storage box 10 flows out of the cold storage pipeline 28 with the drive of the first pump body 24.

[0057] Mechanical refrigeration mode: When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the cooling medium entering the cooling capacity distribution unit 8 is higher than the system preset value, the mechanical refrigeration system 9 is started, so that the evaporator 12 performs secondary cooling on the cooling medium flowing through the third heat exchanger 26.

[0058] Enhanced heat dissipation mode: When the temperature sensor detects that the heat dissipation temperature of the condenser 14 of the mechanical refrigeration system 9 is higher than the system preset value, the electric valve 16 is opened, so that part of the cooling medium in the first circuit 23 flows to the second heat exchanger 17 to cool the condenser 14.

[0059] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A coupled refrigeration system, characterized in that... ,include: The heat pipe cooling system (1) includes a gravity heat pipe, which includes an evaporation end (3) and a condensation end (4). The evaporation end (3) is used to reduce the temperature of the component (2) to be cooled. The sky radiation cooling system (5) includes a first loop (23) and a cooling medium flowing in the pipeline of the first loop (23). The first loop (23) is also connected in sequence to a radiation cooling module (6), a first pump body (24) and a heat exchange component (25). The first pump body (24) is used to drive the cooling medium to flow in the first loop (23). The heat exchange component (25) is coupled to the condenser end (4) of the gravity heat pipe to remove the heat from the condenser end (4) of the gravity heat pipe. The radiation cooling module (6) is used to transfer the heat absorbed by the cooling medium from the condenser end (4) of the gravity heat pipe to outer space. A third heat exchanger (26) is provided between the input end of the first pump body (24) and the heat exchange component (25). The mechanical refrigeration system (9) includes a second loop (27) in which a refrigerant flows. An evaporator (12), a compressor (13), a condenser (14), and a throttling mechanism (15) are connected to the second loop (27). The evaporator (12) is coupled to a third heat exchanger (26) for further cooling of the cooling medium before it enters the heat exchange assembly (25) after being cooled by the radiant refrigeration module (6). The first circuit (23) is connected to electric three-way valves (11) at both ends of the radiation cooling module (6). The sky radiation cooling system (5) also includes a cold storage pipeline (28). The two ends of the cold storage pipeline (28) are connected to the electric three-way valves (11) mentioned above. A cold storage box (10) is connected to the cold storage pipeline (28). The cold storage box (10) is used to store the cooled medium. The condenser (14) of the mechanical refrigeration system (9) is also equipped with an enhanced heat dissipation branch, which is used to dissipate heat from the condenser (14). One end of the enhanced heat dissipation branch is connected between the first pump body (24) and the third heat exchanger (26) in the first circuit (23), and the other end is connected to the output end of the heat exchange component (25) in the first circuit (23). An electric valve (16) and a second heat exchanger (17) are connected to the enhanced heat dissipation branch. The second heat exchanger (17) is used to dissipate heat from the condenser (14).

2. The coupled refrigeration system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange assembly (25) includes a cooling distribution unit (8) and a plurality of first heat exchangers (7). The heat pipe heat dissipation system (1) includes a plurality of gravity heat pipes. The condensing end (4) of each gravity heat pipe is coupled with a first heat exchanger (7). The cooling distribution unit (8) is used to distribute a cooling medium to each first heat exchanger (7).

3. The coupled refrigeration system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The coupled refrigeration system also includes a control system, which includes a controller (18), a temperature and humidity sensing component, a wind speed module (20), a solar radiation module (21), and a wind direction module (22). The temperature and humidity sensing component includes a temperature and humidity module (19) used by a weather station to collect outdoor temperature and humidity data, and multiple temperature sensors installed on various components within the system. The controller (18) controls the operation of the electric three-way valve (11), the electric valve (16), and the cooling capacity distribution unit (8) based on the temperature and humidity, wind speed, wind direction, and solar radiation measured by the temperature and humidity sensing component, the wind speed module (20), the solar radiation module (21), and the wind direction module (22).

4. The coupled refrigeration system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The component to be cooled (2) includes the CPU and / or GPU and / or the device cabinet.

5. A method for operating a coupled refrigeration system as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The following working modes are included: Sky Radiative Cooling System (5) Direct Cooling Mode: The evaporation end (3) of the gravity heat pipe absorbs the temperature of the part to be cooled (2), and the heat is carried away by the cooling medium at the condensation end (4). The radiative cooling module (6) transfers the heat of the cooling medium to the low-temperature outer space. Cold storage box (10) Cold storage mode: When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the part to be cooled (2) is lower than the preset value, and the temperature of the cooling medium flowing out of the radiation cooling module is lower than the temperature inside the cold storage box, the controller (18) controls the switching of the electric three-way valve (11) so that the cooling medium cooled by the sky radiation cooling system (5) is collected into the cold storage box (10). Cooling mode of cold storage box (10): When the temperature of the cooling medium flowing out of the radiant cooling module (6) measured by the temperature sensor is higher than the set value, it cannot be directly used for cooling, or the theoretical outflow temperature of the radiant cooling module (6) calculated according to meteorological parameters is higher than the set value, the controller (18) controls the switching of the electric three-way valve (11) so that the cooling medium stored in the cold storage box (10) flows out of the cold storage pipeline (28) driven by the first pump body (24). Mechanical refrigeration mode: When the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the cooling medium entering the cooling capacity distribution unit (8) is higher than the system preset value, the mechanical refrigeration system (9) is started, so that the evaporator (12) performs secondary cooling on the cooling medium flowing through the third heat exchanger (26); Enhanced heat dissipation mode: When the temperature sensor detects that the heat dissipation temperature of the condenser (14) of the mechanical refrigeration system (9) is higher than the system preset value, the electric valve (16) is opened, so that part of the cooling medium in the first circuit (23) flows to the second heat exchanger (17) to cool the condenser (14).

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