Antenna device and apparatus

Abstract

The application relates to an antenna device and equipment. The antenna device comprises a dielectric body, a first conductive pattern layer and a second conductive pattern layer. The first conductive pattern layer comprises a first antenna structure provided with a first radiation branch. The second conductive pattern layer and the first conductive pattern layer are respectively located at two different layers of the dielectric body along the thickness direction of the dielectric body, and the second conductive pattern layer comprises a first suspension line which at least partially overlaps the first radiation branch along the thickness direction to realize mutual coupling. The antenna device has the advantages that the first suspension line of the second conductive pattern layer at least partially overlaps the first radiation branch along the thickness direction and is coupled with each other, so that the gain performance of the corresponding first working frequency band of the first radiation branch can be improved; in addition, the structure is beautiful and the overall layout is compact, a larger area is provided for the arrangement of a defogging heating unit on the dielectric body, and the defogging performance can be improved due to the increase of the area of the defogging heating unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to an antenna device and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of wireless communication, people have increasingly higher requirements for communication quality. Vehicles, including but not limited to automobiles, are daily means of transportation, and antennas, as the communication window for vehicles, have become an indispensable part of vehicles to achieve better transmission efficiency and signal transmission quality. To meet electromagnetic, aerodynamic, and aesthetic requirements, conformal glass antennas are favored by automakers due to their advantages. They can conform to the shape of the car without compromising the overall design, antenna performance, or aesthetics. However, conformal glass antenna products in related technologies occupy a relatively large area to achieve product performance indicators, which can significantly affect the defogging performance of the glass. Furthermore, methods to reduce the glass antenna area often result in unsightly layouts, affecting the overall aesthetics of the car. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide an antenna device and equipment that can prevent the defogging performance from being affected, improve antenna performance, and have an overall aesthetically pleasing appearance.

[0004] An antenna device, the antenna device comprising:

[0005] Medium body;

[0006] A first conductive pattern layer is disposed on the dielectric body, the first conductive pattern layer includes a first antenna structure, the first antenna structure having a first radiating branch; and

[0007] A second conductive pattern layer is disposed on the dielectric body. The second conductive pattern layer and the first conductive pattern layer are respectively located on two different layers of the dielectric body along its thickness direction. The second conductive pattern layer includes a first floating line, which at least partially overlaps with the first radiating branch along the thickness direction to achieve mutual coupling.

[0008] In one embodiment, the first levitation line at least partially overlaps with the proximal, middle, or distal end of the first radiating branch along the thickness direction; or, the first levitation line comprises three segments sequentially insulated and isolated from each other, the three segments respectively correspondingly at least partially overlapping with the proximal, middle, and distal ends of the first radiating branch along the thickness direction.

[0009] In one embodiment, the length of the portion where the first levitation line and the first radiating branch overlap each other along the thickness direction is 30 mm to 120 mm.

[0010] In one embodiment, the first antenna structure further includes a first feed section and a second radiating branch, wherein the first feed section is electrically connected to the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch, respectively.

[0011] In one embodiment, the second conductive pattern layer further includes a second antenna structure.

[0012] In one embodiment, the spacing between the first conductive pattern layer and the second conductive pattern layer along the thickness direction is 1 mm to 50 mm.

[0013] In one embodiment, the first conductive pattern layer further includes a third antenna structure; and / or, the second conductive pattern layer further includes a fourth antenna structure.

[0014] In one embodiment, the radiating stubs of the first antenna structure and the radiating stubs of the second antenna structure at least partially overlap along the thickness direction to achieve mutual coupling; and / or, the radiating stubs of the third antenna structure and the radiating stubs of the fourth antenna structure at least partially overlap along the thickness direction to achieve mutual coupling.

[0015] In one embodiment, the antenna device further includes a low-noise amplifier module and four feed lines connected to the low-noise amplifier module; the low-noise amplifier module is connected to a first antenna structure, a second antenna structure, a third antenna structure and a fourth antenna structure respectively through each of the feed lines.

[0016] In one embodiment, the antenna device further includes a low-noise amplifier module and a first feed line, a second feed line, a third feed line, and a fourth feed line connected to the low-noise amplifier module; the first conductive pattern layer further includes a fifth antenna structure and a sixth antenna structure, and the second conductive pattern layer further includes a seventh antenna structure and an eighth antenna structure; the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure are arranged correspondingly along the thickness direction and are respectively connected to the first feed line; the third antenna structure and the fourth antenna structure are arranged correspondingly along the thickness direction and are respectively connected to the second feed line; the fifth antenna structure and the seventh antenna structure are arranged correspondingly along the thickness direction and are respectively connected to the third feed line; the sixth antenna structure and the eighth antenna structure are arranged correspondingly along the thickness direction and are respectively connected to the fourth feed line.

[0017] In one embodiment, the antenna device further includes a defogging heating unit disposed on the dielectric body; the defogging heating unit is on the same layer as the first conductive pattern layer or the second conductive pattern layer; the defogging heating unit includes two busbars spaced apart and a plurality of transverse strips electrically connected between the two busbars and spaced apart sequentially.

[0018] An apparatus comprising the aforementioned antenna device.

[0019] In the aforementioned antenna device and equipment, the first levitation line of the second conductive pattern layer at least partially overlaps with the first radiating branch along the thickness direction and is coupled to each other, thereby improving the gain performance of the corresponding first operating frequency band of the first radiating branch. In addition, the first levitation line at least partially overlaps with the first radiating branch along the thickness direction, which not only improves aesthetics but also makes the overall layout compact and makes reasonable use of the space of the dielectric body along the thickness direction. This reduces the area occupied by the antenna on the dielectric body, thereby providing a larger area for the arrangement of the defogging heating unit on the dielectric body. Due to the increased area of ​​the defogging heating unit, the defogging performance can be improved. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of an antenna device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural diagram of the first conductive pattern layer in the first embodiment of the structure shown.

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A structural diagram of the second conductive pattern layer in the first embodiment of the structure shown.

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A structural diagram of the second conductive pattern layer in the second embodiment of the structure shown.

[0024] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A structural diagram of the second conductive pattern layer in the third embodiment of the structure shown.

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 1 A structural diagram of the second conductive pattern layer in the fourth embodiment of the structure shown.

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A structural diagram of the first conductive pattern layer in the second embodiment of the structure shown.

[0027] Figure 8 for Figure 1A structural diagram of the second conductive pattern layer in the fifth embodiment of the structure shown.

[0028] Figure 9 for Figure 1 A structural diagram of the first conductive pattern layer in the third embodiment of the structure shown.

[0029] Figure 10 for Figure 1 A structural diagram of the second conductive pattern layer in the sixth embodiment of the structure shown.

[0030] Figure 11 for Figure 1 The structure diagram of the first conductive pattern layer in the fourth embodiment of the structure shown.

[0031] Figure 12 for Figure 1 A structural diagram of the second conductive pattern layer in the seventh embodiment of the structure shown.

[0032] Figure 13 To add, for example, when the first radiating stub is set as a DAB band antenna Figure 3 The simulation graphs show the horizontal polarization gain versus frequency when there is a first levitation line and when there is no first levitation line.

[0033] Figure 14 To add, for example, when the first radiating stub is set as a DAB band antenna Figure 3 The simulation graphs show the vertical polarization gain versus frequency when there is a first levitation line and when there is no first levitation line.

[0034] Figure 15 To add, for example, when the first radiating stub is set as a TV band antenna Figure 3 The simulation graphs show the horizontal polarization gain versus frequency when there is a first levitation line and when there is no first levitation line.

[0035] Figure 16 To add, for example, when the first radiating stub is set as a TV band antenna Figure 3 The simulation graphs show the vertical polarization gain versus frequency when there is a first levitation line and when there is no first levitation line.

[0036] Figure 17 To add, for example, when the first radiating stub is set as a TV band antenna Figure 4 The simulation graphs show the horizontal polarization gain versus frequency when there is a first levitation line and when there is no first levitation line.

[0037] Figure 18 To add, for example, when the first radiating stub is set as a TV band antenna Figure 4 The simulation graphs show the vertical polarization gain versus frequency when there is a first levitation line and when there is no first levitation line.

[0038] Figure 19 To add, for example, when the first radiating stub is set as a TV band antenna Figure 5 The simulation graphs show the horizontal polarization gain versus frequency when there is a first levitation line and when there is no first levitation line.

[0039] Figure 20 To add, for example, when the first radiating stub is set as a TV band antenna Figure 5 The simulation graphs show the vertical polarization gain versus frequency when there is a first levitation line and when there is no first levitation line.

[0040] Figure 21 To add, for example, when the first radiating stub is set as a TV band antenna Figure 6 The simulation graphs show the horizontal polarization gain versus frequency when there is a first levitation line and when there is no first levitation line.

[0041] Figure 22 To add, for example, when the first radiating stub is set as a TV band antenna Figure 6 The simulation graphs show the vertical polarization gain versus frequency when there is a first levitation line and when there is no first levitation line.

[0042] 10. Dielectric body; 11. First glass plate; 111. First surface; 112. Second surface; 12. Adhesive layer; 13. Second glass plate; 131. Third surface; 132. Fourth surface; 20. First conductive pattern layer; 21. First antenna structure; 211. First radiating branch; 2111. First segment; 2112. Second segment; 2113. Third segment; 212. First feed section; 213. Second radiating branch; 22. Second suspension line; 23. Third... Antenna structure; 231, Third feed section; 24, Fifth antenna structure; 25, Sixth antenna structure; 30, Second conductive pattern layer; 31, First suspension line; 311, Segmentation; 32, Second antenna structure; 321, Second feed section; 33, Fourth antenna structure; 331, Fourth feed section; 34, Seventh antenna structure; 35, Eighth antenna structure; 40, Low noise amplifier module; 50, Sheet metal; 60, Defogging heating unit; 61, Busbar; 62, Horizontal strip. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0044] It should be noted that the frequency bands involved in the antenna device in this embodiment mainly include AM: 531KHz-1710KHz, FM: 76MHz-108MHz, DAB: 170MHz-240MHz, and TV: 470MHz-710MHz. The wavelength corresponding to the AM band transmission within the glass is defined as λ1, with λ1 set to 50mm-200mm; the wavelength corresponding to the FM band transmission within the glass is defined as λ2, with λ2 set to 1000mm-1500mm; the wavelength corresponding to the DAB band transmission within the glass is defined as λ3, with λ3 set to 450mm-700mm; and the wavelength corresponding to the TV band transmission within the glass is defined as λ4, with λ4 set to 150mm-240mm.

[0045] It should be noted that the wavelength of the antenna signal transmitted through the glass is calculated using the following formula:

[0046] ,

[0047] Where λ is the wavelength. Let f be the speed at which the antenna signal travels through the glass, f be the frequency, and C be the speed of light. Let be the relative permittivity of the glass, specifically 7.3 (approximately 2.7 under the square root). ρ is the relative permeability of the glass, typically 1.

[0048] It should be noted that the relative permittivity of the glass in this application is not limited to 7.3; "coupled connection" means that two conductive elements are not directly electrically connected, but are spaced apart, so that signals can be transmitted between the two conductive elements through coupling.

[0049] Alternatively, according to the wave speed formula V (wave speed) = λ (wavelength) * f (frequency), in the same medium, the wave propagation speed is the same, and the product of wavelength and frequency remains unchanged, so λ = v / f. Wavelength and frequency are inversely proportional, meaning that the higher the frequency, the shorter the wavelength. Therefore, by adjusting the electrical length of each radiating branch, the frequency band can be adjusted accordingly.

[0050] It should be noted that in this embodiment, "suspended" in the context of the suspending line refers to the absence of direct electrical connection with other radiating oscillators. The primary purpose is to improve the symmetry of the overall structure, making it more aesthetically pleasing. Suspending lines can be added to relevant areas according to actual needs. For example, a suspending line is a printed line formed on the substrate. The shape of the suspending line includes, but is not limited to, one or more combinations of straight lines, zigzag lines, and curved lines. Specifically, a zigzag line can be, for example, an L-shape, F-shape, Z-shape, I-shape, or loop shape, or any combination thereof. A curved line can be, for example, a C-shape. Other shapes can also be used depending on actual needs and are not limited here.

[0051] See Figures 1 to 3 An embodiment of this application provides an antenna device comprising: a dielectric body 10, a first conductive pattern layer 20, and a second conductive pattern layer 30. The first conductive pattern layer 20 is disposed on the dielectric body 10 and includes a first antenna structure 21. The first antenna structure 21 has a first radiating branch 211. The second conductive pattern layer 30 is disposed on the dielectric body 10, and the second conductive pattern layer 30 and the first conductive pattern layer 20 are respectively located on two different layers of the dielectric body 10 along its thickness direction. The second conductive pattern layer 30 includes a first levitation line 31, which at least partially overlaps with the first radiating branch 211 along its thickness direction to achieve mutual coupling.

[0052] It should be noted that the thickness direction of the medium body 10 refers to the direction perpendicular to the layer of the medium body 10.

[0053] In the aforementioned antenna device, the first levitation line 31 of the second conductive pattern layer 30 at least partially overlaps with the first radiating branch 211 along the thickness direction and is coupled to each other, thereby improving the gain performance of the corresponding first operating frequency band of the first radiating branch 211. In addition, the fact that the first levitation line 31 at least partially overlaps with the first radiating branch 211 along the thickness direction, or more specifically, when they completely overlap, not only improves the aesthetics but also makes the overall layout more compact, making reasonable use of the space along the thickness direction of the dielectric body 10. This reduces the area occupied by the antenna on the dielectric body 10, thereby providing a larger area for the arrangement of the defogging heating unit 60 on the dielectric body 10. As the area of ​​the defogging heating unit 60 increases, the defogging performance is improved.

[0054] The first conductive pattern layer 20 and the second conductive pattern layer 30 are respectively, including but not limited to, using conductive media such as silver paste and being baked on different layers of the dielectric body 10 in a vertical or horizontal manner. By flexibly adjusting the layout and shape of the first conductive pattern layer 20 and the second conductive pattern layer 30 on different layers, it is possible to reduce the area occupied by the antenna and adjust various aspects of antenna performance such as gain, bandwidth, isolation and radiation direction (receiving direction).

[0055] In one embodiment, the dielectric body 10 can be a single-layer glass plate, with the first conductive pattern layer 20 and the second conductive pattern layer 30 located on opposite surfaces of the single-layer glass plate. Alternatively, the dielectric body 10 can be laminated glass; please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 1 The laminated glass comprises a first glass plate 11, an adhesive layer 12, and a second glass plate 13 stacked sequentially. The first glass plate 11 has a first surface 111 and a second surface 112 facing away from each other, and the second glass plate 13 has a third surface 131 and a fourth surface 132 facing away from each other, with the second surface 112 and the third surface 131 opposite to each other. The first surface 111 faces the external environment, and the fourth surface 132 faces the internal environment. The adhesive layer 12 may be made of polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polycarbonate (PC), sound-insulating PVB, light-shielding PVB, heat-controlling PVB, ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), ionomers, thermoplastic materials, polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene vinyl acetate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polyacrylate (PA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyurethane (PUR), and combinations thereof. In this embodiment, the medium body 10 is specifically, for example, laminated glass, which has stronger performance compared to a single-layer glass plate.

[0056] In some embodiments, the first conductive pattern layer 20 and the second conductive pattern layer 30 are respectively disposed in the second surface 112, the third surface 131, the fourth surface 132, and the adhesive layer 12. As one example, the first conductive pattern layer 20 is disposed in the second surface 112, and the second conductive pattern layer 30 is disposed in the adhesive layer 12, the third surface 131, or the fourth surface 132; as another example, the first conductive pattern layer 20 is disposed in the third surface 131, and the second conductive pattern layer 30 is disposed in the second surface 112, the adhesive layer 12, or the fourth surface 132; as yet another example, the first conductive pattern layer 20 is disposed in the fourth surface 132, and the second conductive pattern layer 30 is disposed in the second surface 112, the adhesive layer 12, or the third surface 131.

[0057] Please see Figure 2In some embodiments, the first radiating stub 211 is, but is not limited to, one or more arbitrary combinations of straight lines, L-shapes, F-shapes, I-shapes, C-shapes, and ring shapes. Furthermore, by flexibly adjusting and setting the length of the first radiating stub 211, it can operate in various different frequency bands. As an example, the length of the first radiating stub 211 is, for example, 1 / 4λ3 to 3 / 4λ3, and the corresponding operating frequency band of the first radiating stub 211 is 170MHz-240MHz, i.e., a DAB band antenna; as another example, the length of the first radiating stub 211 is, for example, 1 / 4λ4 to 3 / 4λ4, and the corresponding operating frequency band of the first radiating stub 211 is 470MHz-710MHz, i.e., a TV band antenna.

[0058] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figures 13 to 16 , Figure 13 To add, for example, when the first radiating stub 211 is set as a DAB band antenna Figure 3 The simulation graphs shown are of the horizontal polarization gain versus frequency when there is no first levitation line 31 and when there is no first levitation line 31. Figure 14 To add, for example, when the first radiating stub 211 is set as a DAB band antenna Figure 3 The simulation graphs shown below illustrate the vertical polarization gain versus frequency with and without the first levitation line 31. Figure 13 and Figure 14 As can be seen, adding the first levitation line 31 will significantly affect the gain performance of the DAB band antenna. Furthermore, Figure 15 To add, for example, when the first radiating stub 211 is set as a TV band antenna Figure 3 The simulation graphs shown are of the horizontal polarization gain versus frequency when there is no first levitation line 31 and when there is no first levitation line 31. Figure 16 To add, for example, when the first radiating stub 211 is set as a TV band antenna Figure 3 The simulation graphs shown below illustrate the vertical polarization gain versus frequency with and without the first levitation line 31. Figure 15 and Figure 16 As can be seen, adding the first floating line 31 will have a significant impact on the gain performance of the TV band antenna.

[0059] In addition, after comparison Figures 13 to 16 It can be seen that adding the first floating line 31 and not adding the first floating line 31 significantly improve the gain and bandwidth of the TV band antenna than the gain and bandwidth of the DAB band antenna.

[0060] In some embodiments, the overlap of the first suspension line 31 and the first radial branch 211 along the thickness direction refers to the alignment of the first suspension line 31 and the first radial branch 211 along the thickness direction, allowing for deviations of up to 0.1 mm due to process errors. Furthermore, the shape and length of the first suspension line 31 and the first radial branch 211 can be either identical, such that all parts of the first suspension line 31 overlap with all parts of the first radial branch 211 along the thickness direction (i.e., complete overlap), or they can be different, such that a portion of the first suspension line 31 overlaps with the first radial branch 211, or the entire first suspension line 31 overlaps only a portion of the first radial branch 211 (i.e., partial overlap).

[0061] Please see Figure 3 In some embodiments, the first levitation line 31 includes three segments 311 that are sequentially insulated from each other. The three segments 311 at least partially overlap with the near end, middle part, and far end of the first radiating stub 211 along the thickness direction. In this way, the gain performance of each frequency band of the TV band antenna is significantly improved.

[0062] It should be noted that the proximal end of the first radiating stub 211 refers to the end of the first radiating stub 211 that is close to the first feed section 212 of the first antenna structure 21, that is, as shown in the diagram. Figure 2 The first segment 2111 shown; the far end of the first radiating stub 211 refers to the end of the first radiating stub 211 that is away from the first feed section 212 of the first antenna structure 21, that is, as shown in the figure. Figure 2 The third segment 2113 shown; the middle part of the first radial branch 211 refers to the part between the two opposite ends of the first radial branch 211, that is, as shown Figure 2 The second paragraph 2112 is shown.

[0063] It should be noted that the length and shape of the three segments 311 can be set and adjusted independently according to actual needs. They can be kept consistent or different from each other, and no limitation is imposed here. The shape of each segment 311 includes, but is not limited to, one or more combinations of straight lines, L-shapes, F-shapes, I-shapes, C-shapes, and ring shapes.

[0064] The length of the overlapping portion of each segment 311 and the first radial branch 211 is, but is not limited to, 30mm to 120mm, specifically, 30mm, 40mm, 60mm, 80mm, 100mm, 110mm or 120mm.

[0065] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 4 , Figure 17 andFigure 18 In some embodiments, the first levitation line 31 and the proximal end of the first radial branch 211 at least partially overlap in the thickness direction, thereby achieving mutual coupling. In other words, Figure 4 The first floating line 31 shown is compared to... Figure 3 Regarding the first floating line 31 shown, for example, omitting... Figure 3 The suspended line shown includes segments 311 in the middle and at the far end. For example, Figure 4 The dashed lines in the diagram represent the omitted suspension line structure. Thus, the gain performance of TV band antennas in the high-frequency band is significantly improved for both horizontal polarization (HP) and vertical polarization (VP), as shown below. Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown.

[0066] The length of the near-end overlap between the first levitation line 31 and the first radiating stub 211 is, but is not limited to, 30mm to 120mm, specifically, 30mm, 40mm, 60mm, 80mm, 100mm, 110mm, or 120mm. This results in a large coupling between the two, which significantly improves the gain performance of the TV band antenna in the high-frequency band.

[0067] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 5 , Figure 19 and Figure 20 In some embodiments, the first levitation line 31 and the middle portion of the first radial branch 211 at least partially overlap in the thickness direction, thereby achieving mutual coupling. In other words, Figure 5 The first floating line 31 shown is compared to... Figure 3 Regarding the first floating line 31 shown, for example, omitting... Figure 3 The proximal segment 311 and distal segment 311 of the suspended line shown are retained as follows: Figure 3 The middle section shown is segmented into 311. Among them, Figure 5 The dashed line represents the omitted segment 311. Thus, the gain performance of the intermediate frequency band (IF) for TV band antennas, regardless of horizontal polarization (HP) or vertical polarization (VP), is significantly improved, such as... Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown.

[0068] The length of the overlapping portion between the middle of the first levitation line 31 and the first radiating stub 211 is, but is not limited to, 30mm to 120mm, specifically, 30mm, 40mm, 60mm, 80mm, 100mm, 110mm, or 120mm. This results in a large coupling between the two, thereby significantly improving the gain performance of the intermediate frequency band of the TV band antenna.

[0069] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 21 and Figure 22 In some embodiments, the first levitation line 31 and the distal end of the first radial branch 211 at least partially overlap along the thickness direction, thereby achieving mutual coupling. In other words, Figure 6 The first floating line 31 shown is compared to... Figure 3 Regarding the first floating line 31 shown, for example, omitting... Figure 3 The suspended line shown includes segments 311 at its proximal end and 311 in its middle portion. Among them, as... Figure 6 The dashed lines in the diagram represent the omitted suspension line structure. Thus, the gain performance of TV band antennas in the low-frequency band is significantly improved for both horizontal polarization (HP) and vertical polarization (VP), as shown below. Figure 21 and Figure 22 As shown.

[0070] The length of the overlapping portion at the distal end of the first levitation line 31 and the first radiating stub 211 is, but is not limited to, 30mm to 120mm, specifically, 30mm, 40mm, 60mm, 80mm, 100mm, 110mm, or 120mm. This results in a large coupling between the two, thereby significantly improving the gain performance of the low-frequency band of the TV band antenna.

[0071] Please see Figure 2 In one embodiment, the first antenna structure 21 further includes a first feed section 212 and a second radiating stub 213. The first feed section 212 is electrically connected to the first radiating stub 211 and the second radiating stub 213, respectively. Thus, the signal fed into the first feed section 212 can be transmitted to both the first radiating stub 211 and the second radiating stub 213, thereby enabling not only the transmission and reception of antenna signals in the first operating frequency band but also the transmission and reception of antenna signals in the second operating frequency band corresponding to the second radiating stub 213, thereby enhancing antenna performance. The second operating frequency band corresponding to the second radiating stub 213 can be the same as or different from the first operating frequency band corresponding to the first radiating stub 211; this is not limited here.

[0072] In some embodiments, the second operating frequency band of the second radiating stub 213 may be one or more combinations of AM, FM, DAB, and TV bands, without limitation herein. Furthermore, the second operating frequency band can be adjusted by modifying the shape and size of the second radiating stub 213.

[0073] Please see Figure 2In some embodiments, the first conductive pattern layer 20 further includes one or more second floating lines 22. Specifically, the second floating lines 22 are, for example, as shown in the example... Figure 2 As shown in 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d, the main purpose of setting the second floating line 22 is to improve the symmetry of the overall structure and make the structure more aesthetically pleasing. The second floating line 22 can be added to the relevant arrangement area of ​​the first conductive pattern layer 20 according to actual needs.

[0074] Please see Figure 7 and Figure 8 In one embodiment, the second conductive pattern layer 30 further includes a second antenna structure 32. The first antenna structure 21 and the second antenna structure 32 are located on two different layers of the dielectric body 10, respectively. That is, by planning different antenna structures on two different layers of the dielectric body 10, the vertical space of the dielectric body 10 is effectively utilized, and the area occupied by the antenna structure on the dielectric body 10 is reduced. This provides a larger area for the arrangement of the defogging heating unit 60 on the dielectric body 10. Due to the increased area of ​​the defogging heating unit 60, the defogging performance can be improved.

[0075] Specifically, similar to how the first levitation line 31 and the first radiating stub 211, after coupling with each other, improve the gain performance of the first operating frequency band, the first conductive pattern layer 20 includes levitation lines that overlap with, for example, the radiating stubs of the second antenna structure 32 to achieve mutual coupling, thereby also improving the antenna gain performance. Furthermore, the inclusion of levitation lines, which can be filled according to actual needs, enhances the aesthetic appearance of the product.

[0076] In some embodiments, similar to the first antenna structure 21, the number of radiating stubs of the second antenna structure 32 includes, but is not limited to, one, two, three, or more. When there are multiple radiating stubs, the operating frequency bands of each radiating stub can be the same or different, specifically, for example, one or more combinations of AM band, FM band, DAB band, and TV band, which are not limited herein.

[0077] In related technologies, single-layer glass printed antennas require either a large antenna area or a coupling structure between parallel silver paste lines to meet antenna performance requirements. The former sacrifices the defogging performance of the heating wires, while the latter affects the overall aesthetics. In this embodiment, by arranging antennas with different numbers of layers on some laminated glass, the vertical space of the dielectric body 10 is effectively utilized while ensuring antenna performance, reducing the area occupied on the glass surface. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 7 and Figure 8In some specific embodiments, the first conductive pattern layer 20 includes not only the first antenna structure 21 but also the third antenna structure 23. Furthermore, the second conductive pattern layer 30 includes not only the second antenna structure 32 but also the fourth antenna structure 33. Thus, as the number of antenna structures increases, each antenna structure can operate in the same or different frequency bands, thereby improving antenna performance. In addition, the overall layout is compact, making reasonable use of the space along the thickness direction of the dielectric body 10, which reduces the area occupied by the antenna on the dielectric body 10. This provides a larger area for the arrangement of the defogging heating unit 60 on the dielectric body 10, thereby improving defogging performance due to the increased area of ​​the defogging heating unit 60.

[0078] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 In one embodiment, the antenna device further includes a low-noise amplifier (LNA) module 40 and four feed lines connected to the LNA module 40. The LNA module is located on the portion of the sheet metal 50 facing the dielectric body 10, and is connected to the first antenna structure 21, the second antenna structure 32, the third antenna structure 23, and the fourth antenna structure 33 via the feed lines. Specifically, the first antenna structure 21 has a first feed section 212, the second antenna structure 32 has a second feed section 321, the third antenna structure 23 has a third feed section 231, and the fourth antenna structure 33 has a fourth feed section 331. The LNA module is electrically connected to the first feed section 212, the second feed section 321, the third feed section 231, and the fourth feed section 331 via the feed lines.

[0079] In some embodiments, the spacing between the first conductive pattern layer 20 and the second conductive pattern layer 30 along the thickness direction is, but is not limited to, 1 mm to 50 mm, specifically, 1 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm, 15 mm, 30 mm, or 50 mm. This spacing is appropriate, allowing the first levitation line 31 and the first radiating branch 211 to have a good coupling effect.

[0080] The thickness L of the first glass plate 11 and the second glass plate 13 is set independently, and can be the same or different. The thickness L includes, but is not limited to, 1mm to 50mm, specifically 1mm, 3mm, 5mm, 7mm, 15mm, 30mm or 50mm, etc., which can be flexibly adjusted and set according to actual needs. In addition, the thickness H of the adhesive layer 12 includes, but is not limited to, 0.2mm to 10mm, specifically 0.2mm, 0.36mm, 0.38mm, 0.5mm, 0.76mm, 1mm, 1.2mm, 3mm, 7mm or 10mm.

[0081] Please see Figure 9 and Figure 10 In one embodiment, the radiating stubs of the first antenna structure 21 and the radiating stubs of the second antenna structure 32 at least partially overlap along the thickness direction to achieve mutual coupling. The specific details of the overlapping portion of the two antenna structures along the thickness direction can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 9 and Figure 10 The bolded lines in the image indicate that the radiating stubs of the third antenna structure 23 and the fourth antenna structure 33 at least partially overlap along the thickness direction to achieve mutual coupling. For details of the overlap along the thickness direction between the two antenna structures, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 9 and Figure 10 The bold lines in the text indicate that by deploying at least two antenna structures on two different layers and coupling the antenna structures of different frequency bands between the layers, the antenna bandwidth can be expanded, effectively improving the performance of the antenna structure.

[0082] In this way, by adjusting the length and shape of the radiating branches of the overlapping part of the two antenna structures along the thickness direction, the shape can be single-line, C-shaped, L-shaped, ring-shaped, etc.; or, by adjusting the spacing between the two antenna structures along the thickness direction, specifically by adjusting the thickness of the glass plate or the thickness of the adhesive layer 12, the coupling degree between the two antenna structures can be flexibly adjusted and controlled accordingly, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the antenna performance.

[0083] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 Based on the aforementioned embodiments, the antenna device further includes a low-noise amplifier module 40 and a first feed line, a second feed line, a third feed line, and a fourth feed line connected to the low-noise amplifier module 40. The first conductive pattern layer 20 also includes a fifth antenna structure 24 and a sixth antenna structure 25. The second conductive pattern layer 30 also includes a seventh antenna structure 34 and an eighth antenna structure 35. The first antenna structure 21 and the second antenna structure 32 are arranged correspondingly along the thickness direction and are respectively connected to the first feed line, thus the first antenna structure 21 and the second antenna structure 32 are combined to form an antenna structure. In other words, an antenna structure is divided into a first antenna structure 21 and a second antenna structure 32, and respectively disposed on two different layers of the dielectric body 10. The first feed line has two connectors, which are electrically connected to the feed section of the first antenna structure 21 and the feed section of the second antenna structure 32, respectively.

[0084] Similarly, the third antenna structure 23 and the fourth antenna structure 33 are arranged correspondingly along the thickness direction and are respectively connected to the second feed line, thus combining the third antenna structure 23 and the fourth antenna structure 33 to form an antenna structure. In other words, an antenna structure is divided into a third antenna structure 23 and a fourth antenna structure 33, which are respectively disposed on two different layers of the dielectric body 10. The second feed line has two connectors, which are electrically connected to the feed section of the third antenna structure 23 and the feed section of the fourth antenna structure 33, respectively.

[0085] Furthermore, the fifth antenna structure 24 and the seventh antenna structure 34 are arranged correspondingly along the thickness direction and are respectively connected to the third feed line, thus combining the fifth antenna structure 24 and the seventh antenna structure 34 to form an antenna structure. In other words, an antenna structure is divided into the fifth antenna structure 24 and the seventh antenna structure 34, and respectively disposed on two different layers of the dielectric body 10. The third feed line has two connectors, which are electrically connected to the feed sections of the fifth antenna structure 24 and the seventh antenna structure 34, respectively. Additionally, the sixth antenna structure 25 and the eighth antenna structure 35 are arranged correspondingly along the thickness direction and are respectively connected to the fourth feed line, thus combining the sixth antenna structure 25 and the eighth antenna structure 35 to form an antenna structure. In other words, an antenna structure is divided into the sixth antenna structure 25 and the eighth antenna structure 35, and respectively disposed on two different layers of the dielectric body 10. The fourth feed line has two connectors, which are electrically connected to the feed sections of the sixth antenna structure 25 and the eighth antenna structure 35, respectively.

[0086] As can be seen, dividing the same antenna structure into two parts and placing them on two different layers of the dielectric body 10 can reduce the area occupied by each antenna structure on the glass surface and increase the antenna's expandability.

[0087] Please see Figure 3 In one embodiment, the antenna device further includes a defogging heating unit 60 disposed on the dielectric body 10. The defogging heating unit 60 is located on the same layer as the first conductive pattern layer 20 or the second conductive pattern layer 30. The defogging heating unit 60 includes two busbars 61 spaced apart and a plurality of transverse strips 62 electrically connected between the two busbars 61 and spaced apart sequentially. Thus, when the two busbars 61 are respectively connected to the positive and negative terminals of a power supply, the transverse strips 62 will heat up, thereby achieving the function of defogging.

[0088] In one embodiment, the defogging heating unit 60 also overlaps with the first antenna structure 21 or the second antenna structure 32 along the thickness direction to achieve coupling connection. Thus, simulation analysis shows that the overall gain of the FM band antenna is effectively improved; the overall gain of the DAB band antenna is slightly improved, with the high gain point shifting to lower frequencies; the overall gain of the TV band antenna is slightly improved, with significant improvement in the high-frequency portion.

[0089] Please see Figures 1 to 3 In one embodiment, a device is provided, which includes the antenna device of any of the above embodiments.

[0090] In the aforementioned device, the first levitation line 31 of the second conductive pattern layer 30 at least partially overlaps with the first radiating branch 211 along the thickness direction and is coupled to each other, thereby improving the gain performance of the corresponding first operating frequency band of the first radiating branch 211. In addition, the first levitation line 31 at least partially overlaps with the first radiating branch 211 along the thickness direction, which not only improves the aesthetics but also makes the overall layout compact and makes reasonable use of the space along the thickness direction of the dielectric body 10. This reduces the area occupied by the antenna on the dielectric body 10, thereby providing a larger area for the arrangement of the defogging heating unit 60 on the dielectric body 10. Due to the increased area of ​​the defogging heating unit 60, the defogging performance is improved.

[0091] In one embodiment, the device includes, but is not limited to, any one or a combination of vehicle window glass, display case, building window curtain wall, automobile, ship, vehicle, human-computer interaction, electrical appliance, and information kiosk. In this embodiment, the device is specifically vehicle window glass, which includes, but is not limited to, windshield, rear windshield, corner window, sunroof, and left and right side windows.

[0092] In one embodiment, the vehicle includes, but is not limited to, a car, jeep, bus, coach, truck, airplane, train, taxi, coach, etc. The vehicle includes a glass antenna as described in any of the above embodiments, and also includes a vehicle body, with the glass antenna connected to the vehicle body. When the vehicle is a car, the medium body 1010 includes, but is not limited to, being on the windshield, rear windshield, corner windows, sunroof, left and right side windows, etc.

[0093] Furthermore, where the terms "first" and "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0094] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected" or "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0095] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0096] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An antenna device, characterized in that, The antenna device includes: Medium body; A first conductive pattern layer is disposed on the dielectric body, the first conductive pattern layer includes a first antenna structure, the first antenna structure having a first radiating branch; and The second conductive pattern layer is disposed on the dielectric body. The second conductive pattern layer and the first conductive pattern layer are respectively located on two different layers of the dielectric body along its thickness direction. The second conductive pattern layer includes a first floating line. The first floating line and the first radiating branch overlap at least partially along the thickness direction to achieve mutual coupling. The first suspended line includes three segments that are insulated and isolated from each other in sequence. The three segments respectively overlap at least partially with the proximal, middle and distal ends of the first radiating branch along the thickness direction.

2. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The length of the overlapping portion of the first suspension line and the first radial branch along the thickness direction is 30 mm to 120 mm.

3. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first antenna structure further includes a first feed section and a second radiating branch, wherein the first feed section is electrically connected to the first radiating branch and the second radiating branch, respectively.

4. The antenna device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second conductive pattern layer also includes a second antenna structure.

5. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The spacing between the first conductive pattern layer and the second conductive pattern layer along the thickness direction is 1 mm to 50 mm.

6. The antenna device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first conductive pattern layer further includes a third antenna structure; and / or, the second conductive pattern layer further includes a fourth antenna structure.

7. The antenna device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The radiating stubs of the first antenna structure and the radiating stubs of the second antenna structure at least partially overlap along the thickness direction to achieve mutual coupling; and / or, the radiating stubs of the third antenna structure and the radiating stubs of the fourth antenna structure at least partially overlap along the thickness direction to achieve mutual coupling.

8. The antenna device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The antenna device further includes a low-noise amplifier module and four feed lines connected to the low-noise amplifier module; the low-noise amplifier module is connected to the first antenna structure, the second antenna structure, the third antenna structure and the fourth antenna structure respectively through each of the feed lines.

9. The antenna device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The antenna device further includes a low-noise amplifier module and a first feed line, a second feed line, a third feed line, and a fourth feed line connected to the low-noise amplifier module; the first conductive pattern layer further includes a fifth antenna structure and a sixth antenna structure, and the second conductive pattern layer further includes a seventh antenna structure and an eighth antenna structure; the first antenna structure and the second antenna structure are arranged correspondingly along the thickness direction and are respectively connected to the first feed line; the third antenna structure and the fourth antenna structure are arranged correspondingly along the thickness direction and are respectively connected to the second feed line; the fifth antenna structure and the seventh antenna structure are arranged correspondingly along the thickness direction and are respectively connected to the third feed line; the sixth antenna structure and the eighth antenna structure are arranged correspondingly along the thickness direction and are respectively connected to the fourth feed line.

10. The antenna device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The antenna device further includes a defogging heating unit disposed on the dielectric body; the defogging heating unit is on the same layer as the first conductive pattern layer or the second conductive pattern layer; the defogging heating unit includes two busbars spaced apart and a plurality of transverse strips electrically connected between the two busbars and spaced apart sequentially.

11. A device, characterized in that, The device includes the antenna arrangement as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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