A high-yield harvester for regenerated rice and a planting method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of regenerated rice planting, and specifically discloses a regenerated rice high-yield harvester and a planting method thereof, the method comprising: filling soil at both ends of a rice field to form a bed elevation zone; planting rice seedlings by using a modified wide-narrow row transplanter, so that the rice seedlings are transplanted in a manner of planting seven rows at the same time; drying the field before harvesting the first-season rice until the soil moisture content of the middle bed of the rice field is reduced to between 40% and 45%, and the soil moisture content of the bed elevation zone is reduced to between 25% and 30%, and then mechanical harvesting is started; using a regenerated rice high-yield harvester for mechanical harvesting, the telescopic crawler maintains a maximum ground contact length when driving in a straight line, and the telescopic crawler retracts to a minimum ground contact length when turning around in the bed elevation zone; the planting method disclosed by the invention minimizes the rolling area of ​​the crawler on the rice stubble during the turning around of the machine, while avoiding excessive field drying and sinking of the machine, thereby increasing the yield of regenerated rice.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of regenerated rice planting, and specifically discloses a high-yield regenerated rice harvester and a planting method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Traditional rice combine harvesters have many reciprocating strokes in field operations. When harvesting the first season of regenerated rice, they will cause up to 40%-50% crushing damage to the regenerated rice stubble, which will greatly affect the growth and development of the regenerated rice and directly cause a decrease in yield and quality.

[0003] At present, in order to reduce the crushing rate of regenerated rice during a single harvest, solutions are being sought in both the planting method and the harvester. In terms of planting methods, wide and narrow rows are usually used to leave a wider mechanized tillage path for the harvester to travel, reducing the crushing of the regenerated rice by the machine. In addition, the method of drying the fields before harvesting is combined to increase the hardness of the rice field surface and avoid sinking during the travel of the machine. On the harvester, the traditional track disc is usually improved, and a narrower but longer track is used, so that while reducing the ground pressure ratio between the track and the mechanized tillage path, the track is prevented from crushing the rice stubble on both sides.

[0004] For example, the invention patent with application number 2024108992028 discloses a high-yield and high-quality planting method for expanded row and reduced plant size regenerated rice by machine harvesting. This method uses a 6-row transplanter to transplant rice seedlings, with 4 rows in the middle of the transplanter and 2 rows on the side without seedlings, and the planting spacing is 14cm; before the first season of rice matures, the water in the rice field ditch is drained to increase the hardness of the soil; a special harvester for regenerated rice with a track width of 35cm, a track gauge width of 150cm, and a harvesting width of 210cm is selected for mechanical harvesting. The regenerated rice planting method disclosed in this patent uses a regenerated rice planting method using a wide and narrow row harvester with a narrow long track, which solves the problem of mechanical harvesting and rolling of regenerated rice to a certain extent, but on the one hand, there are still some shortcomings. First, when using a harvester with narrow long tracks for harvesting, although it can avoid crushing the rice stubble on both sides during its straight-line driving, the track design is too long during the U-turn of the machine, which causes more rice stubble to be crushed during the U-turn, and the rice stubble crushing rate cannot be further reduced; second, when using a harvester with narrow long tracks for a mechanical harvest, due to the increase in the ground pressure ratio between the machine and the rice field, it is necessary to increase the degree of drying the rice field to avoid the machine sinking, but severe drying will lead to excessive reduction of soil moisture, which not only affects the normal growth of the root system of the regenerated rice, but also if there is no rainy weather after harvesting, the amount of water required to irrigate the rice field is huge, making subsequent field water and fertilizer management difficult and costly. In addition, when using wide and narrow rows for regenerated rice planting, the weeds in the middle of the wide row of rice seedlings can receive a certain amount of light, causing the weeds in the middle to grow luxuriantly and absorb a large amount of nutrients in the soil, thereby making the roots of the rice stubble on both sides of the wide row insufficiently nourished, affecting its secondary heading. Therefore, based on the deficiencies in existing regenerated rice planting methods and machine designs, the present application proposes a high-yield planting method for regenerated rice in wide and narrow rows based on a high-yield regenerated rice harvester and a corresponding harvester that can effectively solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and machine for high-yield planting of regenerated rice in wide and narrow rows based on a high-yield regenerated rice harvester, so as to solve the problems that in the existing wide and narrow row planting process of regenerated rice, when a matching narrow long crawler harvester is used for harvesting, more rice stubble is easily crushed during the turning process of the machine, and in order to avoid the sinking of the narrow long crawler harvester during driving, a series of problems caused by the need to over-dry the field.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A high-yield planting method for regenerated rice comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1: Fill soil at both ends of the rice field to form a raised bed area, and control the bed height of the raised bed area to be 3-5 cm higher than the bed in the middle of the rice field. After the rice field bed is prepared, add water to keep the rice field in a shallow water layer;

[0009] S2: Planting rice seedlings using a wide-narrow row transplanter, so that the rice seedlings are planted in seven rows at the same time, and the spacing between the narrow rows of the rice seedlings in the middle three rows and the two rows on both sides is set to 25 cm, and the spacing between the wide rows of the rice seedlings is set to 45 cm;

[0010] S3: Start drying the fields 7 to 10 days before the first rice harvest, and wait until the soil moisture content in the middle of the rice field drops to between 40 and 45%, and the soil moisture content in the elevated area drops to between 25 and 30%, before starting the mechanized harvest of the first rice.

[0011] S4: When harvesting the first rice crop by machine, a high-yield harvester of regenerated rice with two telescopic crawlers is selected, and the two telescopic crawlers of the harvester start to drive in a straight line along a group of 45 cm wide rice seedling wide mechanized farming roads on the side, and the telescopic crawlers are controlled to be at the maximum length during the straight-line driving of the machine. When the machine drives to the bed heightening area, the telescopic crawlers are controlled to shrink to the shortest length, and then a 180° U-turn is made. After the U-turn of the machine is completed, the telescopic crawlers are extended to the maximum length again, and then the machine drives in a straight line along the next group of 45 cm wide mechanized farming roads, and the above steps are repeated until the entire rice field is harvested by machine once;

[0012] S5: After one mechanical harvest is completed, apply top dressing to protect the roots, then add water to the rice field, and after the regenerated rice matures again, dry the field. Control the soil moisture content in the middle of the rice field to not exceed 35%, and finally use a conventional harvester for a second mechanical harvest.

[0013] The high-yield planting method of regenerated rice in wide and narrow rows disclosed in the present invention combines the planting method of regenerated rice in wide and narrow rows with the reformed design of a harvester. In the rice field preparation stage, the flat rice field is changed into a special bed surface with the two ends slightly higher than the middle, so that the two ends of the rice field form a bed surface raised area, and the rice seedlings can be planted normally in this bed surface raised area.

[0014] During the field drying process before the first mechanical harvest of regenerated rice, since the soil in the raised bed area is higher than the bed in the middle of the rice field, the drying speed of the raised bed area can be faster, thereby making the soil moisture content in the raised bed area lower than the soil moisture content in the middle bed. Therefore, after the field drying is completed, the soil hardness in the raised bed area is higher, and it has a greater bearing capacity for the machine compared to the middle bed in the rice field.

[0015] During a mechanized harvesting process, the telescopic track in the harvester is controlled to be at the maximum length and travels in a straight line along the mechanized farming path (i.e. the wide row of rice seedlings). At this time, the contact area between the telescopic track in the machine and the ground is the largest, and the ground contact pressure is the smallest. Even if the machine travels on the bed with a high water content in the middle of the rice field, the machine will not sink. At the same time, it can also ensure that the soil in the middle bed has the function of providing more moisture to the rice stubble, avoiding the problem of insufficient moisture in the rice field caused by the existing harvester requiring excessive field drying to prevent the machine from sinking, allowing the rice stubble to grow quickly and reducing the amount of water replenishment in the subsequent rice field.

[0016] When the machine travels along the mechanized tillage track to the raised bed area, the raised bed area has a higher soil hardness than the middle bed area. Then the telescopic crawler in the machine is controlled to retract to the shortest state. At this time, the machine under the maximum ground contact ratio can also be supported by the soil in the raised bed area and will not sink. After the telescopic crawler is retracted to the shortest, a 180° U-turn is performed. During the U-turn, the telescopic crawler is the shortest, which effectively reduces the area of ​​the crawler rolling on the rice stubble during the U-turn, effectively solving the problem that the machine cannot complete the U-turn at a low rolling rate during the existing wide and narrow row regenerated rice harvesting process.

[0017] As a further configuration of the above scheme, in step 4, the crawler of the high-yield harvester of regenerated rice uses a furrow opener to open a furrow in the center of the wide-row mechanized farming road of the rice seedlings while the crawler is traveling in a straight line along the wide-row mechanized farming road of the rice seedlings of 45 cm width, and the high-yield harvester of regenerated rice lifts the furrow opener to stop the furrowing operation when turning around in the bed heightening area. The present invention opens a furrow in the middle of the mechanized farming road after the crawler is rolled during the first mechanized harvesting process of the machine, thereby turning up the weeds from the soil with their roots, and irrigating the rice field after the mechanized harvesting is completed, so that the weeds are killed by the action of plowing and water storage, thereby effectively inhibiting the growth of weeds. In addition, since the opening of the furrow can also play a good role in water storage, then there is a better drainage and field drying effect before the second mechanized harvesting.

[0018] As a specific setting of the above scheme, the ground pressure ratio of the telescopic crawler of the regenerated rice high-yield harvester in step 4 is ≤22KPa when it is at the maximum length, and ≤30KPa when it is at the minimum length. The ground pressure ratio of the telescopic crawler in the longest or shortest state corresponds to the soil moisture content of the middle bed surface and the bed surface raised area of ​​the rice field after the field is exposed to the sun. As long as the field is properly exposed to the sun, the harvester will not sink whether it is driving in a straight line or turning around.

[0019] As a specific setting of the above scheme, in step 4, the high-yield harvester of regenerated rice unloads the harvested rice after turning around once or several times. The purpose of unloading the rice after the harvester turns around once or several times is to reduce the weight of the machine and avoid the harvester sinking due to the ground pressure exceeding the critical value of the bed surface during the rice harvesting process.

[0020] As a specific setting of the above scheme, the spacing of the rice seedlings in the same row in step 2 is set to 16 cm. The above control of the spacing of the rice seedlings in each row is 16 cm, and the narrow row spacing of the rice seedlings in the middle three rows and the two rows on both sides is set to 25 cm, and the wide row spacing of the rice seedlings is set to 45 cm, so that the planting amount per mu of the rice field reaches 16,200 plants, which is almost the same as the planting amount per mu of 16,700 plants of traditional regenerated rice uniformly planted, ensuring the yield of regenerated rice.

[0021] As a specific setting of the above scheme, the narrow row of rice seedlings and the wide row of rice seedlings in step 2 are arranged parallel to the longer side of the rice field. Through the above planning and design of the regenerated rice planting path, the number of turns of the harvester can be reduced, the amount of crushing of the rice stubble during the harvester's turning process can be reduced, and the yield of regenerated rice can be further increased.

[0022] The present invention also discloses a high-yield regenerated rice harvester used in the above-mentioned high-yield regenerated rice planting method, comprising a crawler chassis, a vehicle body, a harvesting component, a threshing component and a storage bin, a first feeding mechanism is arranged between the harvesting component and the threshing component, a second feeding mechanism is arranged between the threshing component and the storage bin, the crawler chassis comprises two parallel triangular wheel frames and a chassis frame for connecting the two triangular wheel frames, a telescopic crawler and an adjusting mechanism for actively adjusting the contact length between the telescopic crawler and the ground are arranged in the triangular wheel frame, a ditching component for ditching the mechanized farming road behind the telescopic crawler is connected to the triangular wheel frame, and the ditching component is lowered and lifted under the action of the adjusting mechanism.

[0023] As a specific setting of the above scheme, the adjustment mechanism includes a crossbeam fixed horizontally and centrally in a triangular wheel frame, telescopic arms are movably inserted at both ends of the crossbeam, track guide wheels are rotatably arranged at the ends of the telescopic arms, a track driving wheel is arranged above the middle of the crossbeam, a hydraulic cylinder for driving the track driving wheel to move up and down is arranged on the crossbeam, the telescopic track is arranged between the two track guide wheels and the track driving wheel, and two movable rods are rotatably connected to the track driving wheel, and the ends of the two movable rods are respectively connected to the two telescopic arms.

[0024] As a specific setting of the above scheme, the trenching assembly includes a lifting rod rotatably connected to the triangular wheel frame, the end of the lifting rod is fixedly connected to the trencher, the outer end of the telescopic arm is rotatably provided with a connecting rod, and the movable end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the lifting rod.

[0025] As a specific setting of the above scheme, the distance between the center lines of the two telescopic crawlers is set between 95±2cm, the width of the telescopic crawler is set between 28~40cm, the maximum length of the telescopic crawler in contact with the ground is not less than 220cm, and the minimum length of the telescopic crawler in contact with the ground does not exceed 140cm.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] During the planting process of regenerated rice, the present invention first forms a bed raising area by filling soil at both ends of the rice field, and then uses the modified high-yield regenerated rice harvester for mechanical harvesting. Due to the design of the bed raising area, the soil in the bed raising areas at both ends used for turning the machine can be dried faster and have higher hardness during the field drying process, and the middle bed of the rice field can have a higher soil water content. Then the machine maintains the maximum length of movement during the straight-line driving along the mechanized farming road on the middle bed of the rice field, so as to avoid the machine sinking due to excessive ground pressure of the harvester. When the machine turns around on the bed raising area, the crawler track is first retracted to the shortest. At this time, the soil in the bed raising area can still stably support the machine without sinking. Then the harvester completes the turning operation with the crawler track in the shortest state, so that the crawler track minimizes the crushing area of ​​the rice stubble during the turning process of the harvester, effectively reducing the crushing amount of the rice stubble in the existing machine using narrow long crawlers during the turning process, and improving the yield of regenerated rice.

[0028] The present invention changes the flat rice field into slightly higher bed areas at both ends, so that the soil hardness of the raised bed area after the field is exposed to the sun is higher than that of the soil in the middle bed. At the same time, a crawler telescopic adjustable machine is used to perform a mechanical harvest. During the straight-line travel of the machine, the machine can interact with the middle bed at a minimum ground contact pressure, so that the soil moisture content of the middle bed of the rice field can be maintained at a relatively high state compared with the soil moisture content before traditional regenerated rice mechanical harvesting. This solves the problem that the existing regenerated rice mechanical harvesting requires severe field exposure before drying to avoid the sinking of the machine, which leads to excessive reduction of soil moisture and thus affects the normal growth of the regenerated rice root system. It also reduces the water consumption of irrigation in the rice field after mechanical harvesting to a certain extent, making subsequent field water and fertilizer management simpler.

[0029] The harvester disclosed in the present invention is designed by modifying the crawler on the basis of the existing harvester. It can not only actively adjust the contact length between the crawler and the rice field bed surface during the driving process of the harvester, and then change the ground contact pressure ratio of the machine under different states, so that the machine can turn around in the crawler state of minimum length during the turning process under the premise that the machine will not sink during the tillage process, so as to reduce the rolling area of ​​the rice stubble during the turning process. In addition, the rise and fall of the furrow opener is controlled by combining the telescopic process of the crawler with the action of the linkage structure, so that the machine automatically drops the furrow opener when it travels in a straight line along the mechanized tillage road, so that it can open a furrow in the middle of the mechanized tillage road after the crawler is rolled. Through the furrowing operation, weeds in the middle of the mechanized tillage road can be removed to ensure the normal growth of the rice stubble on both sides, and when the crawler is retracted to turn around, the furrow opener can be automatically lifted to avoid the furrow opener from damaging the rice stubble on the non-mechanized tillage. The furrow opener is reasonably arranged on the whole machine, which reduces the transformation cost. It is combined with the existing crawler adjustment mechanism, and the furrow opener is raised and lowered while the telescopic arm is extended and retracted, thereby improving the operation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from a first angle of the high-yield harvester of regenerated rice in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the high-yield regenerated rice harvester of the present invention from a second angle;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a plan view of the high-yield harvester of regenerated rice in the present invention when it moves along a wide-row mechanized farming road;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the crawler chassis of the regenerated rice high-yield harvester of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the triangular wheel frame, telescopic arm, trenching assembly, etc. in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure inside the triangular wheel frame of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the crossbeam, telescopic arm and telescopic crawler in the present invention when they are coordinated;

[0038] Figure 8It is a schematic diagram of the trajectory of the high-yield regenerated rice harvester of the present invention when it moves along the rice field;

[0039] Fig. 9 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the rice field after preparation in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0041] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. Figures 1 to 9 , and describes the application in detail with reference to embodiments. Example 1

[0042] Embodiment 1 discloses a high-yield harvester for regenerated rice. Figure 1-7 The main part of the harvester includes a crawler chassis 1, a vehicle body 2, a harvesting assembly 3, a threshing assembly 4 and a storage bin 5. Among them, the harvesting assembly 3, the threshing assembly 4 and the storage bin 5 are all prior art, the vehicle body 2 is arranged at the upper end of the crawler chassis 1, and a corresponding driver's seat 8 or a cab is arranged on the vehicle body 2. The harvesting assembly 3 is arranged at the front end of the vehicle body 2, and then the threshing assembly 4 and the storage bin 5 are arranged at the upper end of the vehicle body 2.

[0043] The specific harvesting assembly 3 is composed of conventional components such as a harvesting bucket 301, a rake wheel 302, and an auger shaft 303, and a first feeding mechanism 6 is provided between the rear end of the harvesting bucket 301 and the threshing assembly 4, so that the harvested rice stalks are fed into the threshing assembly 4 by the first feeding mechanism 6 for threshing. The width of the harvesting bucket 301 is set between 2000 mm and 2300 mm, so that it can meet the one-time harvesting of 7 rows of regenerated rice with a narrow row of 25 cm and a wide row of 45 cm.

[0044] The threshing assembly 4 includes a stripping barrel 401 fixedly mounted on the vehicle body 2, and a corresponding threshing screening mechanism is arranged inside the stripping barrel 401. The lower end of the stripping barrel 401 is connected to a crushed material discharge part (not shown in the figure), so that the rice straw crushed materials can be discharged to the mechanized farming roads on both sides through the guiding effect of the crushed material discharge part, so as to avoid the rice straw crushed materials covering the rice stubble and affecting its normal growth. At the same time, the discharged rice straw crushed materials are rolled by the crawler and then ditched to make them return to the field and rot. Then, a second conveying mechanism 7 is arranged between the stripping barrel 401 and the storage bin 5, so that the rice grains after threshing can be transported by the second conveying mechanism 7 to the storage bin 5 for temporary storage.

[0045] The key design of this embodiment 1 lies in the structural design of the crawler chassis 1, which includes two parallel triangular wheel frames 101 and a chassis frame 102 for connecting the two triangular wheel frames 101. The vehicle body 2 is arranged at the upper end of the chassis frame 102, and the distance between the center lines of the two triangular wheel frames 101 is set between 50+45 / 2+45 / 2±2cm according to the requirements of 7-row regenerated rice wide and narrow row planting, that is, it is set between 95±2cm.

[0046] A horizontally fixed crossbeam 103 is arranged at the middle position of each triangular wheel frame 101, and telescopic slots are provided at both ends of the crossbeam 103. Matching telescopic arms 104 are inserted into the two telescopic slots, and then a crawler guide wheel 105 is rotatably connected to the outer end of each telescopic arm 104.

[0047] A vertically arranged notch 1011 is provided at the middle position of the inner side of the triangular wheel frame 101, and a wheel seat 106 that can move up and down is provided in the notch 1011. A crawler driving wheel 107 located inside the triangular wheel frame 101 is rotatably provided in the wheel seat 106, and then a telescopic crawler 111 is provided between the two crawler guide wheels 105 and the crawler driving wheel 107. The width of the telescopic crawler 111 is designed to be between 28 and 40 cm according to the requirements of the wide row spacing in the process of planting wide and narrow rows of regenerated rice, so that when the telescopic crawler 111 moves straightly along the wide row mechanized tillage road of regenerated rice, the distance between the two sides of the telescopic crawler 111 and the regenerated rice is still about 2.5 to 8.5 cm, so as to avoid the situation that the machine will immediately crush the regenerated rice once it is slightly offset, so that the machine has a certain offset buffer space during the forward movement. In order to achieve a ground contact pressure of less than 22 KPa when the machine is traveling in a straight line along the mechanized farming road, the maximum length of the telescopic track 111 in contact with the ground is set to be no less than 220 cm; in addition, in order to avoid the machine sinking during the U-turn and to achieve the machine turning around with the minimum rice stubble crushing area, the minimum length of the telescopic track in contact with the ground is not more than 140 cm, and the ground contact pressure of the telescopic track is not more than 30 KPa at the minimum contact length.

[0048] A driving device 108 for driving the crawler drive wheel 107 is installed on the outer side of the wheel seat 106. The driving device 108 can be driven by a hydraulic pump or directly by a motor. A hydraulic cylinder 109 is fixedly arranged in the crossbeam tube 103 directly below the wheel seat 106, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 109 is connected to the wheel seat 106. Two movable rods 110 are rotatably connected to the wheel axle of the wheel seat 106 or the crawler drive wheel 107, and the ends of the two movable rods 110 are respectively connected to the telescopic arm 104. In addition, linear slide grooves 1041 are provided on both the front and rear side surfaces of the telescopic arm 104, and linear slide rails (not shown in the figure) matching the linear slide grooves 1041 are fixed in the triangular wheel frame 101 on the left and right sides of the crossbeam 103. Through the sliding guide effect between the linear slide grooves 1041 and the linear slide rails, the telescopic arm 104 can be stably extended or retracted. In order to provide appropriate tension for the telescopic adjustment of the telescopic track 111, an adjustment spring can be set at the connection between the track guide wheel 105 and the telescopic arm 104, and then a certain number of support wheels (not shown in the figure) can be set at the lower ends of the crossbeam 103 and the telescopic arm 104, and the support wheels can provide sufficient supporting force for the telescopic track 111.

[0049] In addition, a trenching assembly 9 linked to the telescopic arm 104 is provided at the rear end of the triangular wheel frame 101, and the trenching assembly 9 includes a trencher 901, a lifting rod 902 and a connecting rod 904. A connecting piece 903 is welded to the upper end of the rear inclined surface of the triangular wheel frame 101, and one end of the lifting rod 902 is rotatably connected to the connecting piece 903 through a pin, and then the trencher 901 is fixedly welded to the other end of the lifting rod 902. One end of the connecting rod 904 is rotatably connected to the outer end of the telescopic arm 104 or the wheel axle of the crawler guide wheel 105, and the other end of the connecting rod 904 is rotatably connected to the lifting rod 902 through a pin. When the telescopic arm 104 of the trenching assembly 9 is extended outward, the lifting rod 902 can be pulled downward by the action of the connecting rod 904, so that the trench opener 901 connected to the end is extended to a certain depth in the soil. At the same time, the trench opener 901 and the telescopic track 111 are located on the same vertical plane, so that the trench opener 901 can trench along the center line of the rolling area of ​​the telescopic track 111 during the driving of the harvester; conversely, when the telescopic arm 104 is retracted inward, the lifting rod 902 can be lifted upward by the action of the connecting rod 905, so that a certain distance is maintained between the trench opener 901 and the ground soil, and trenching operation is not performed.

[0050] When the high-yield harvester of regenerated rice disclosed in this embodiment 1 is driving in a straight line in a paddy field to harvest regenerated rice, the operator can directly control the hydraulic cylinder 109 to retract so that the wheel seat 106 and the track drive wheel 107 move down along the notch 1011, and then the two telescopic arms 104 and the track guide wheel 105 are extended to both ends under the push of the movable rod 110, thereby increasing the contact length between the telescopic track 111 and the paddy field soil, reducing the ground pressure of the machine and preventing it from sinking. At the same time, during the process of increasing the contact length between the telescopic track 111 and the paddy field soil, the lifting rod 902 is rotated downward by the pulling operation of the connecting rod 904, so that the furrow opener 901 at the end of the lifting rod 902 extends into the paddy field soil to perform furrowing operations.

[0051] When the harvester drives to the end of the rice field (i.e., the raised bed area) and is ready to turn around, the hydraulic cylinder 109 is first controlled to extend so that the wheel seat 106 and the crawler drive wheel 107 move up, and then the two telescopic arms 104 and the crawler guide wheel 105 are retracted to the middle under the push of the movable rod 110, thereby reducing the actual contact length of the telescopic crawler 111 with the ground to about 65% of the maximum length. At this time, the raised bed area has a stronger supporting effect on the machine, which can avoid sinking during the increase of the machine ground pressure. During the turning process, the machine can effectively reduce the crushing range of the regenerated rice when the harvester turns around by shortening the contact length of the telescopic crawler 111 with the ground. At the same time, during the process of the actual contact length of the telescopic crawler 111 with the ground becoming smaller, the furrow opener 901 can be lifted by the connecting rod 904 to avoid the furrow opener 901 from damaging the rice stubble on the non-mechanized farming road during the turning process. In addition, the independent drive control of the telescopic tracks 111 on both sides can further reduce the trajectory range of the harvester's U-turn and reduce the crushing of the regenerated rice stubble. Example 2

[0052] Example 2 discloses a high-yield planting method for regenerated rice in wide and narrow rows, which includes the steps of rice field preparation, planting seedlings in wide and narrow rows, first-season rice management, primary harvesting using a high-yield harvester for regenerated rice, regenerated rice management and secondary harvesting.

[0053] Among them, the paddy field preparation is based on the existing flat paddy field. The paddy fields are filled with soil at both ends to form a raised paddy field, and the paddy field height is made 3-5 cm higher than the paddy field in the middle. It is preferred to control the paddy field height difference H to about 4 cm (see Appendix Fig. 9 ). After the paddy field bed height is prepared, water is added to the paddy field through rainfall or artificial irrigation to keep the paddy field in a shallow water layer.

[0054] After the paddy field is prepared, the existing 25cm row spacing rice transplanter (such as the Yanmar YR90D 9-row machine) is modified and the rice seedlings are planted using the modified wide and narrow row rice transplanter, so that the rice seedlings are planted in seven rows at the same time, and the narrow row spacing of the three rows in the middle and the two rows on both sides is set at 25cm, and the wide row spacing is set at 45cm, so that the wide rows form a mechanized farming path (see attached Figure 3 and attached Figure 8 ). At the same time, by controlling the travel speed of the transplanter, the spacing between seedlings in the same row is set to 16 cm, so that 16,200 regenerated rice plants can be planted per mu. In addition, when planning the planting path, both narrow rows and wide rows should be parallel to the longer side of the rice field, thereby reducing the number of U-turns of the machine, reducing the area of ​​rice stubble crushed during the U-turn of the machine, and increasing the final yield of regenerated rice.

[0055] Conventional fertilization is used for the management of the first-season rice, with 28-40 kg of 45% compound fertilizer, 7-12 kg of urea, and 4-7 kg of potassium chloride applied per mu. A shallow water layer is maintained during the management of the first-season rice to promote early greening and early tillering. When the number of seedlings in the field reaches about 90% of the planned number of ears (i.e. 7-10 days before harvest), drainage and sunning of the fields are started until the soil moisture content in the raised bed area is reduced to between 25% and 30% (i.e. the topsoil is white and slightly cracked, and there are no footprints when stepped on). When the moisture content of the soil on the middle bed of the rice field is between 40% and 45%, a mechanical harvest is started.

[0056] The first machine harvest adopts the regenerated rice high-yield harvester in the reformed embodiment 1, so that the telescopic crawler of the machine starts to travel in a straight line along a group of 45cm wide mechanized farming roads by the side, and the machine controls the telescopic crawler to be at the maximum length during the process of traveling in a straight line along the mechanized farming road, thereby reducing the ground contact pressure of the machine, and controlling the ground contact pressure of the machine at this time not to exceed 22KPa, so as to avoid the machine sinking. At the same time, the furrow opener is put down in the process of the machine traveling in a straight line along the mechanized farming road, and the furrow is opened in the middle of the mechanized farming road after the telescopic crawler is rolled by furrowing. The weeds in the middle of the mechanized farming road are turned up by the furrowing effect, and the weeds are drowned after subsequent irrigation, so as to avoid the growth of weeds and absorb the nutrition of rice stubble. In addition, the furrow opened can also play the role of water storage and drainage, can provide moisture to the rice stubble in the secondary production process of regenerated rice, and can quickly drain and dry the field through the furrow before the secondary machine harvest.

[0057] When the machine drives to the bed heightened area, control the telescopic crawler to retract to the shortest length, and lift the furrow opener at the same time to prevent the furrow opener from damaging the rice stubble in the turning area during the turning process. At this time, the drier bed soil in the bed heightened area can avoid sinking due to the increase in the machine's ground contact pressure, and ensure that the ground contact pressure does not exceed 30KPa when the machine turns. After the telescopic crawler is retracted, make a 180° turn, thereby effectively reducing the crushing area of ​​the rice stubble during the telescopic crawler turning process. After the machine turns around, first control the telescopic crawler to extend to the maximum length again, and lower the furrow opener again, and then drive in a straight line along the next set of 45cm wide mechanized farming roads and simultaneously dig furrows along the mechanized farming roads (refer to the attached Figure 8 ), repeat the above steps until one harvest is completed. In addition, after the machine makes one or several U-turns, the harvested rice needs to be unloaded to reduce the weight of the machine and avoid the machine sinking due to the ground pressure exceeding the critical value of the bed surface during the rice harvest process.

[0058] After one mechanized harvest is completed, conventional water and fertilizer management methods are adopted, and 25 to 40 kilograms of urea per mu is applied for root protection and topdressing. At the same time, irrigation and watering are carried out to keep the rice field in a shallow water layer, and the field soil is kept moist for 10 to 15 days. At the same time, shallow water is maintained during the flowering and fruiting periods of the regeneration season rice, and the soil is kept moist during the maturity period of the regeneration season rice. The fields are then dried after the number of regenerated rice ears is mature, and the soil moisture content in the middle bed of the rice field is controlled to not exceed 35%. Finally, a conventional harvester is used for another harvest.

[0059] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-yield planting method for regenerated rice, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Fill soil at both ends of the rice field to form a raised bed area, and control the bed height of the raised bed area to be 3-5 cm higher than the bed in the middle of the rice field. After the rice field bed is prepared, add water to keep the rice field in a shallow water layer; S2: Planting rice seedlings using a wide-narrow row transplanter, so that the rice seedlings are planted in seven rows at the same time, and the spacing between the narrow rows of the rice seedlings in the middle three rows and the two rows on both sides is set to 25 cm, and the spacing between the wide rows of the rice seedlings is set to 45 cm; S3: Start drying the fields 7 to 10 days before the first rice harvest, and wait until the soil moisture content in the middle of the rice field drops to between 40 and 45%, and the soil moisture content in the elevated area drops to between 25 and 30%, before starting the mechanized harvest of the first rice. S4: When harvesting the first rice crop by machine, a high-yield harvester of regenerated rice with two telescopic crawlers is selected, and the two telescopic crawlers of the harvester start to drive in a straight line along a group of 45 cm wide rice seedling wide mechanized farming roads on the side, and the telescopic crawlers are controlled to be at the maximum length during the straight-line driving of the machine. When the machine drives to the bed heightening area, the telescopic crawlers are controlled to shrink to the shortest length, and then a 180° U-turn is made. After the U-turn of the machine is completed, the telescopic crawlers are extended to the maximum length again, and then the machine drives in a straight line along the next group of 45 cm wide mechanized farming roads, and the above steps are repeated until the entire rice field is harvested by machine once; S5: After one mechanical harvest is completed, apply top dressing to protect the roots, then add water to the rice field, and after the regenerated rice matures again, dry the field. Control the soil moisture content in the middle of the rice field to not exceed 35%, and finally use a conventional harvester for a second mechanical harvest.

2. The high-yield planting method of regenerated rice according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 4, the telescopic crawler of the high-yield regenerated rice harvester uses a furrow opener to open a furrow in the center of the rice seedling wide row mechanized tillage road while traveling in a straight line along the 45 cm wide rice seedling wide row mechanized tillage road. When the high-yield regenerated rice harvester turns around in the bed raised area, the furrow opener is lifted to stop the furrowing operation.

3. The high-yield planting method of regenerated rice according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 4, the ground contact pressure of the telescopic crawler of the regenerated rice high-yield harvester at the maximum length is ≤22KPa, and the ground contact pressure at the minimum length is ≤30KPa.

4. The high-yield planting method of regenerated rice according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 4, the regenerated rice high-yield harvester unloads the harvested rice after turning around once or several times.

5. The high-yield planting method of regenerated rice according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, the rice seedling spacing in the same row is set to 16 cm.

6. The high-yield planting method of regenerated rice according to claim 1, characterized in that: The narrow row of rice seedlings and the wide row of rice seedlings in step 2 are both arranged parallel to a longer side of the rice field.

7. A high-yield regenerated rice harvester used in the high-yield regenerated rice planting method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It includes a crawler chassis, a vehicle body, a harvesting component, a threshing component and a storage bin, a first feeding mechanism is arranged between the harvesting component and the threshing component, a second feeding mechanism is arranged between the threshing component and the storage bin, the crawler chassis includes two parallel triangular wheel frames and a chassis frame for connecting the two triangular wheel frames, a telescopic crawler and an adjusting mechanism for actively adjusting the contact length between the telescopic crawler and the ground are arranged in the triangular wheel frame, a ditching component for ditching the mechanized farming road behind the telescopic crawler is connected to the triangular wheel frame, and the ditching component can be lowered and lifted under the action of the adjusting mechanism.

8. The high-yield regenerated rice harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism includes a crossbeam fixed horizontally and centrally in a triangular wheel frame, telescopic arms are movably inserted at both ends of the crossbeam, track guide wheels are rotatably provided at the ends of the telescopic arms, a track driving wheel is provided above the middle of the crossbeam, a hydraulic cylinder for driving the track driving wheel to move up and down is provided on the crossbeam, the telescopic track is provided between the two track guide wheels and the track driving wheel, two movable rods are rotatably connected to the track driving wheel, and the ends of the two movable rods are respectively connected to the two telescopic arms.

9. The high-yield regenerated rice harvester according to claim 8, characterized in that: The trenching assembly includes a lifting rod rotatably connected to a triangular wheel frame, a trencher is fixedly connected to the end of the lifting rod, a connecting rod is rotatably provided on the outer end of the telescopic arm, and the movable end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the lifting rod.

10. The high-yield regenerated rice harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that: The distance between the center lines of the two telescopic crawlers is set between 95±2cm, the width of the telescopic crawler is set between 28~40cm, the maximum length of the telescopic crawler in contact with the ground is not less than 220cm, and the minimum length of the telescopic crawler in contact with the ground does not exceed 140cm.

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