The use of human milk oligosaccharides to improve the intestinal flora of mothers and infants

Abstract

The present invention relates to the use of human milk oligosaccharides to improve the intestinal flora of mothers and infants, and specifically to the use of 2'-fucosyllactose in the preparation of a food that helps regulate the intestinal flora of the mother and her offspring through intake by the mother, wherein the mother is in pregnancy and / or lactation. After a large number of studies, the present invention proposes that the mother can significantly increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the intestine and reduce the content of harmful bacteria by supplementing a certain amount of 2'-fucosyllactose during pregnancy and / or lactation, and at the same time significantly increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the intestine of the offspring and reduce the content of harmful bacteria, especially the abundance of some non-directly edible beneficial bacteria in the intestine of the mother and the offspring can be regulated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of nutrient research, and relates to the use of human milk oligosaccharides to improve the intestinal flora of mothers and infants, and specifically relates to the use of 2'-fucosyllactose to improve the intestinal flora of mothers and infants. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the intestinal flora has been widely studied as the second brain of the human body. A large number of studies have found that the intestinal flora is closely related to human health, such as the gut-brain axis, liver-gut axis, gut-kidney axis, gut-skin axis, and gut-fat axis, which have been confirmed by studies. As a barometer of human health, the intestinal flora directly affects the body's metabolic system, immune system, nervous system, etc. The intestinal flora is affected by many factors, including diet, age, lifestyle, drugs, antibiotic use, disease status, etc. Different people and individuals have different intestinal flora. The human intestinal flora originates from the mother. Infants and young children not only obtain genetic material from the mother, but also obtain the mother's blood. In addition, the mother will pass on a flora called bacterial pulse to the fetus, which is a friendly bacteria directly passed from the mother to the newborn. At the same time, studies have shown that some Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium microorganisms can enter the blood and transfer to the mammary glands and then pass them to infants and young children.

[0003] In order to regulate intestinal flora and promote human health, dietary supplements of edible probiotics are usually chosen. However, for some probiotics that cannot be eaten directly, their relative abundance in the intestine cannot be increased directly through exogenous supplementation. Therefore, promoting the proliferation of such probiotics through exogenous intake of other substances is an alternative way to increase their abundance in the intestine.

[0004] Examples of probiotics that cannot be consumed directly include Akkermansia muciniphila in the genus Akkermansia, which is a Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium that mainly colonizes in the mucus layer in the gastrointestinal tract and protects the mucus layer and connective tissue (Derrien M, Vaughan EE, Plugge CM, deVos WM. Akkermansia muciniphila gen. nov., sp. nov., a human intestinalmucin-degrading bacterium. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2004 Sep;54(Pt 5):1469-1476. doi: 10.1099 / ijs.0.02873-0.). Akkermansia muciniphila, as a new generation of probiotics, is a biomarker of health status (Zhang T, Li Q, Cheng L, Buch H, Zhang F. Akkermansia muciniphila is a promising probiotic. MicrobBiotechnol. 2019 Nov;12(6):1109-1125. doi: 10.1111 / 1751-7915.13410.). Studies have shown that Akkermansia microorganisms play an important role as probiotics in metabolic diseases (such as diabetes, obesity, etc.) and intestinal diseases (such as inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, etc.).

[0005] Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are a group of oligosaccharides that infants cannot digest. They are the third largest nutrient in breast milk after lactose and lipids. HMOs have the functions of promoting the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria, reducing the adhesion of intestinal pathogens, promoting small intestinal maturation and surface glycosylation. According to the presence or absence of sialic acid residue modification, HMOs can be divided into two categories: neutral human milk oligosaccharides and acidic human milk oligosaccharides. Among them, neutral human milk oligosaccharides can be divided into fucosylated human milk oligosaccharides and non-fucosylated human milk oligosaccharides according to whether there are fucose residues in the structure. The content of neutral human milk oligosaccharides in breast milk accounts for more than 70%, and the content of fucosylated neutral human milk oligosaccharides in breast milk is 35%~50%. A large number of studies have shown that the concentration of HMOs in breast milk shows dynamic changes during lactation. 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) is the most abundant breast milk oligosaccharide in breast milk, and its concentration shows a downward trend with the extension of lactation time. The content of other neutral HMOs (such as lactose-N-tetraose (LNT), lactose-N-neotetraose (LNnT), lactose-N-fucopentose I (LNFP I) and lactose-N-fucopentose V (LNFP V)) fluctuates to a certain extent throughout the lactation period, but also shows an overall downward trend.

[0006] Studies have shown that HMOs in breast milk can regulate the intestinal flora of infants and young children. For example, Reference 1 (CN107847509B) discloses a nutritional composition comprising at least one fucosylated oligosaccharide and at least one N-acetylated oligosaccharide, which can be used in infant formula to regulate the intestinal flora of infants and young children, and achieve the effect of inducing intestinal microorganisms close to the intestinal microorganisms of breast-fed infants. Reference 2 (CN115836733A) discloses the use of oligosaccharides, such as 2'-fucosyllactose or a combination of oligofructose, oligogalactose and 2'-fucosyllactose, in the preparation of a product for regulating intestinal flora, wherein the intestinal flora regulation includes inhibiting the adhesion ability of pathogenic bacteria, and / or improving the competitive adhesion and antibacterial ability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus, and / or improving the repulsive adhesion and antibacterial ability of Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Reference document 3 (CN116548624A) discloses a protein oligosaccharide composition for improving the intestinal health of infants and young children, wherein the composition comprises osteopontin and 2'-fucosyllactose. The improvement of the intestinal health of infants and young children further comprises regulating the production of short-chain fatty acids, regulating the gas production rate, reducing ammonia production and / or improving the composition and diversity of intestinal flora. Summary of the invention

[0007] Problem that the invention aims to solve

[0008] Existing studies have found that the infant's flora is originally derived from the mother's flora. The mother's healthy intestinal flora can pass on better flora to the offspring and affect the establishment of the offspring's flora, laying a good foundation for the healthy establishment of the offspring's flora. Therefore, the present invention believes that improving from the source, that is, intervening from the pregnancy period, improving the health of the mother during pregnancy and lactation, thereby regulating the offspring's flora and improving the offspring's health, is better than intervening after the fetus is born.

[0009] However, a large number of existing studies mainly focus on interventions during infancy, such as developing more nutritionally comprehensive infant formula or providing more nutritional supplements for infants, while there are still few studies on interventions starting from pregnancy to regulate the offspring's intestinal flora in a beneficial direction. For example, there are no reports on studies that increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the intestines of pregnant and lactating mothers and inhibit the abundance of pathogenic bacteria, and further increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the intestines of offspring and inhibit the abundance of pathogenic bacteria. There are also few reports on the exploration of substances that can regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant and lactating mothers while also regulating the intestinal flora of their offspring.

[0010] In this regard, the present invention unexpectedly discovered through research that mothers who start taking 2'-fucosyllactose during pregnancy can significantly improve their intestinal flora and can also improve the intestinal flora of their offspring at the same time. 2'-fucosyllactose can promote the increase of beneficial bacteria in the intestines of pregnant and lactating mothers and reduce the relative content of pathogenic bacteria. At the same time, it can increase the content of probiotics in the intestines of their offspring and inhibit the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria in the intestines of their offspring.

[0011] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide the non-therapeutic use of human milk oligosaccharides, especially 2'-fucosyllactose, in simultaneously regulating the intestinal flora of pregnant and / or lactating mothers and their offspring. Furthermore, the object of the present invention is to provide the use of human milk oligosaccharides, especially 2'-fucosyllactose, in preparing foods that help regulate the intestinal flora of mothers and their offspring through ingestion by mothers.

[0012] Solutions for solving problems

[0013] The present invention finds that the above technical problems can be solved by the following solutions:

[0014] [1]. Use of human milk oligosaccharide in the preparation of a food that helps regulate the intestinal flora of the mother and her offspring through ingestion by the mother, wherein the human milk oligosaccharide is 2'-fucosyllactose, and the mother is in the pregnancy and / or lactation period;

[0015] The intestinal flora that helps to regulate the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, and increasing at least one of the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine.

[0016] [2]. The use according to [1], wherein the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant mothers, including: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers, and reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers.

[0017] [3]. The use according to [1], wherein the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers, comprises at least one of: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers, decreasing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers, and decreasing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers.

[0018] [4] The use according to [1], wherein the method for helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring also includes: reducing at least one of the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine and reducing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0019] [5]. The use according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the food is infant food, children's food, adolescent food or adult food; the adult food includes any one or more of food for pregnant women, food for postpartum women, food for pregnant and postpartum women and food for the middle-aged and elderly.

[0020] [6] The use according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the food is candy, beverage, dairy product, baked food, food for special dietary uses or dietary supplement.

[0021] [7]. The use according to [6], wherein the candy includes any one or more of hard candy, jelly candy, crisp candy, compressed candy and aerated candy; the beverage includes any one or more of carbonated beverage, tea beverage, coffee beverage, fruit and vegetable juice beverage and lactic acid bacteria beverage; the dairy product includes any one or more of fermented milk, cheese and milk powder; the baked food includes any one or more of bread, cake and biscuits; the special dietary food includes any one or more of infant formula, infant supplementary food and special medical formula; the dietary supplement includes any one or more of hard capsule, soft capsule, tablet, oral liquid, granule and powder.

[0022] [8] The use according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the food is in liquid form, solid block form or solid powder form at room temperature.

[0023] [9]. The use according to any one of [1] to [8], wherein the food contains any one or more of the following ingredients: plant product ingredients, animal dairy product ingredients, animal meat product ingredients, functional additives and any acceptable excipients in food.

[0024]

[10] The use according to any one of [1] to [9], wherein the mass content of 2'-fucosyllactose in the food is at least 0.1% relative to the total mass of the food.

[0025] Effects of the Invention

[0026] After extensive research, the present invention proposes that supplementing a certain amount of 2'-fucosyllactose during pregnancy and / or lactation can significantly increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the intestines of mothers and reduce the content of harmful bacteria. At the same time, it can significantly increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the intestines of their offspring and reduce the content of harmful bacteria, especially it can regulate the abundance of some non-directly edible beneficial bacteria in the intestines of mothers and offspring.

[0027] Experimental data show that supplementing mothers with 2'-fucosyllactose during pregnancy and lactation can significantly increase the relative abundance of Akkermansia, Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified, and Ligilactobacillus in the mothers' intestines during pregnancy, and reduce the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the mothers' intestines during pregnancy; increase the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002, Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified, and Ligilactobacillus in the mothers' intestines during lactation. bacillus), and reduce the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella and Desulfovibrio in the intestines of mothers during lactation; at the same time, it can significantly increase the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002, Akkermansia, Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified, and Bacteroides in the intestines of breastfed offspring, and reduce the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella and Desulfovibrio in the intestines of breastfed offspring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 :Detection results of Akkermansia in the intestines of female mice.

[0029] Figure 2 :Detection results of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestines of female mice.

[0030] Figure 3 : Results of combined detection of Lactobacillus in the intestines of female mice.

[0031] Figure 4 : Detection results of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestine of female mice.

[0032] Figure 5 :Detection results of Bacteroides in the intestines of female mice.

[0033] Figure 6 :Detection results of Bifidobacterium in the intestine of female mice.

[0034] Figure 7 :The results of Escherichia-Shigella detection in the intestines of female mice.

[0035] Figure 8 : Results of detection of Desulfovibrio in the intestines of female mice.

[0036] Fig. 9 :Detection results of Akkermansia in the intestine of offspring mice.

[0037] Fig.10 :Detection results of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestines of offspring mice.

[0038] Fig.11 : Results of combined detection of Lactobacillus in the intestine of offspring mice.

[0039] Fig.12 :Detection results of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestine of offspring mice.

[0040] Fig.13 :Detection results of Bacteroides in the intestine of offspring mice.

[0041] Fig.14 :Detection results of Bifidobacterium in the intestine of offspring mice.

[0042] Fig.15 :The detection results of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestine of offspring mice.

[0043] Fig.16 :Detection results of Desulfovibrio in the intestine of offspring mice. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Various changes can be made within the scope of the present invention, and the embodiments and examples obtained by appropriately combining the technical means disclosed in different embodiments and examples are also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

[0045] In the present invention, the term “a” or “an” or “the” may mean “one”, and may also mean “one or more”, “at least one” and “one or more than one”.

[0046] In the present invention, the numerical range expressed using "value A to value B", "value A - value B", "above value A", "below value A", "at least value A" and "at most value A" refers to the range including the endpoint values ​​A and B.

[0047] In the present invention, "optional" or "optionally" means that the subsequently described event or circumstance may or may not occur, and the description includes instances where the event occurs and instances where it does not occur.

[0048] In the present invention, the word "may" includes both performing a certain process and not performing a certain process.

[0049] In the present invention, the terms "comprising", "having", "including" or "containing" may mean inclusive or open-ended, and do not exclude additional, uncited elements or method steps. At the same time, "comprising", "having", "including" or "containing" may also mean closed, excluding additional, uncited elements or method steps.

[0050] In the present invention, the term "about" is used to define the numerical range and parameters of the present invention are approximate values, and the specific relevant values ​​are presented as accurately as possible. Unless otherwise explicitly stated, it should be understood that all ranges, quantities, values ​​and percentages used in the present invention are modified by "about". Here, "about" usually means that the actual value is within ±5%, ±3%, ±1% or ±0.5% of a particular value or range.

[0051] In the present invention, "normal temperature" refers to an indoor ambient temperature of 23±2°C.

[0052] In the present invention, "animal milk" is used to refer to the liquid obtained from the mammary gland of a mammal in the lactation period. The term "animal milk" should be interpreted broadly and covers both raw milk (ie, liquid obtained directly from the mammary gland) and standardized milk products.

[0053] In the present invention, "gestation period" and "pregnancy period" are used interchangeably and refer to the period from fertilization to birth.

[0054] In the present invention, the "breastfeeding period" refers to the period from the start of breastfeeding to the cessation of breastfeeding after a mother gives birth.

[0055] In the present invention, "exclusively breastfed" means that most (at least 90%, preferably at least 95%, more preferably at least 98%) of the nutrients and / or energy consumed by the offspring comes from breast milk.

[0056] In the present invention, the term "primarily fed with breast milk" means that the nutrients and / or energy intake of the offspring mainly (at least 50%, preferably at least 65%, more preferably at least 75%) comes from breast milk.

[0057] In the present invention, "infants" refers to a human group under 36 months of age.

[0058] In the present invention, "infant" refers to a human group under 12 months of age.

[0059] In the present invention, "infants" refers to a human group aged 13 to 36 months.

[0060] In the present invention, "children" refers to a human group older than 3 years and younger than 12 years.

[0061] In the present invention, "teenagers" refers to a human group aged 12 years or older and younger than 18 years old.

[0062] In the present invention, "adult" refers to a human group of people aged 18 years or older.

[0063] In the present invention, "middle-aged and elderly" refers to a human group over the age of 45.

[0064] Unless otherwise defined, other technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

[0065] 2'-fucosyllactose

[0066] The 2'-fucosyllactose (2'-FL) described in the present invention is a neutral trisaccharide composed of L-fucose, D-galactose and D-glucose units, wherein the monosaccharide L-fucose is linked to the disaccharide D-lactose via an α (1→2) bond. Its molecular formula is C 18 H 31 O 15 , molecular weight is 488.439 g / mol.

[0067] The present invention does not particularly limit the source of the 2'-fucosyllactose, for example, it can be natural, synthetic, microbial fermentation, etc. Typically, it can be synthesized by steps such as glycosylation reaction between a lactose acceptor and a fucosyl donor, or it can be synthesized by using exogenously added lactose as a substrate and 5'-diphosphate guanosine-fucose disodium salt formed by the microorganism's own metabolic pathway as a precursor under the action of fucosyltransferase.

[0068] In some embodiments, the mass content of 2'-fucosyllactose may be 60% or more, preferably 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more, or any other content, relative to the total mass of the products of each source of 2'-fucosyllactose.

[0069] Uses of 2'-fucosyllactose

[0070] The present invention unexpectedly discovered that supplementing a certain amount of 2'-fucosyllactose during pregnancy and / or lactation can significantly increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the mother's intestine and reduce the content of harmful bacteria in the intestine. At the same time, it can significantly increase the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the intestine of the offspring and reduce the content of harmful bacteria through mother-to-infant transmission, especially it can regulate the abundance of some non-directly edible beneficial bacteria in the intestine of the mother and offspring, such as Akkermansia.

[0071] Based on this, the present invention provides a use of 2'-fucosyllactose in at least one of the following (i) to (iii): (i) preparing a food that helps regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant mothers through ingestion by pregnant mothers; (ii) preparing a food that helps regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers through ingestion by pregnant mothers and / or lactating mothers; (iii) preparing a food that helps regulate the intestinal flora of offspring through ingestion by pregnant mothers and / or lactating mothers; exemplary, including 2'-fucosyllactose in the preparation of a food that helps regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant mothers through ingestion by pregnant mothers. The invention relates to foods that can regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant and lactating mothers, foods that can be consumed by pregnant mothers and help regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant and lactating mothers, foods that can be consumed by pregnant mothers and help regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant mothers and their offspring, foods that can be consumed by lactating mothers and help regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers and their offspring, and foods that can be consumed by pregnant and lactating mothers and help regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant and lactating mothers and their offspring, etc.

[0072] Further, the present invention provides: the use of 2'-fucosyllactose in the preparation of foods that help regulate the intestinal flora of mothers and their offspring through ingestion by mothers, and the mother is in pregnancy and / or lactation. Specifically, the present invention provides: the use of 2'-fucosyllactose in the preparation of foods that help regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant mothers and their offspring through ingestion by pregnant mothers, the use of 2'-fucosyllactose in the preparation of foods that help regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers and their offspring through ingestion by pregnant mothers, the use of 2'-fucosyllactose in the preparation of foods that help regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant and lactating mothers and their offspring through ingestion by pregnant mothers, the use of 2'-fucosyllactose in the preparation of foods that help regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant and lactating mothers and their offspring through ingestion by lactating mothers. The invention relates to a method for preparing a food that helps regulate the intestinal flora of a lactating mother and her offspring through intake by a pregnant and lactating mother, a method for preparing a food that helps regulate the intestinal flora of a lactating mother and her offspring through intake by a pregnant and lactating mother, and / or a method for preparing a food that helps regulate the intestinal flora of a pregnant and lactating mother and her offspring through intake by a pregnant and lactating mother.

[0073] In some embodiments, the offspring described in the present invention is in the fetal period and / or the breastfeeding period, and the offspring in the breastfeeding period can be fed completely with breast milk or mainly with breast milk; preferably, the offspring described in the present invention is an offspring in the breastfeeding period.

[0074] The present invention finds that although 2'-fucosyllactose is ingested by the mother, the intestinal regulatory effects of 2'-fucosyllactose on mothers and offspring at different stages are not exactly the same. In some embodiments, supplementary intake of 2'-fucosyllactose by the mother during pregnancy and / or lactation can regulate different flora in the intestines of pregnant mothers, lactating mothers and their offspring respectively.

[0075] In some embodiments, the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant mothers, including: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers, and reducing at least one of the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers.

[0076] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers and increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers.

[0077] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers and increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers.

[0078] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers and decreasing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers.

[0079] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers and increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers.

[0080] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers and reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers.

[0081] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers and decreasing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers.

[0082] In some specific embodiments, the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant mothers, including: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers, and increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers.

[0083] In some specific embodiments, the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant mothers, including: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers, and reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers.

[0084] In some specific embodiments, the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant mothers, including: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers, and reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers.

[0085] In some specific embodiments, the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant mothers, including: increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers, and reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers.

[0086] In some specific embodiments, the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant mothers, including: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers, and reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers.

[0087] In some embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of a lactating mother includes: increasing the relative abundance of the genus Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers, increasing the relative abundance of the genus Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers, increasing the relative abundance of the genus Ligilactobacillus in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers, reducing the relative abundance of the genus Escherichia-Shigella in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers, and reducing at least one of the relative abundance of the genus Desulfovibrio in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers.

[0088] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 and Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers.

[0089] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of a lactating mother includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestinal tract of the lactating mother and increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestinal tract of the lactating mother.

[0090] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers and reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers.

[0091] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers and decreasing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers.

[0092] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestines of lactating mothers and increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestines of lactating mothers.

[0093] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestines of lactating mothers and reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestines of lactating mothers.

[0094] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestines of lactating mothers and reducing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the intestines of lactating mothers.

[0095] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestines of lactating mothers and reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestines of lactating mothers.

[0096] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers and decreasing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers.

[0097] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of a lactating mother includes: reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella and reducing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the intestinal tract of a lactating mother.

[0098] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers, and increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers.

[0099] In some specific embodiments, the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers, including: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers, and reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers.

[0100] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers, and reducing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers.

[0101] In some specific embodiments, the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers, including: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestines of lactating mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestines of lactating mothers, and reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestines of lactating mothers.

[0102] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestines of lactating mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestines of lactating mothers, and reducing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the intestines of lactating mothers.

[0103] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestines of lactating mothers, reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestines of lactating mothers, and reducing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the intestines of lactating mothers.

[0104] In some specific embodiments, the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers, including: increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestines of lactating mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestines of lactating mothers, and reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestines of lactating mothers.

[0105] In some specific embodiments, the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers, including: increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestines of lactating mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestines of lactating mothers, and reducing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the intestines of lactating mothers.

[0106] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestines of lactating mothers, reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestines of lactating mothers, and reducing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the intestines of lactating mothers.

[0107] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers, reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers, and reducing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers.

[0108] In some embodiments, the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring, including: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, and increasing at least one of the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine.

[0109] In some specific embodiments, the helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestinal tract of the offspring and increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the intestinal tract of the offspring.

[0110] In some specific embodiments, the helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestinal tract of the offspring and increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestinal tract of the offspring.

[0111] In some specific embodiments, the helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestinal tract of the offspring and increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the intestinal tract of the offspring.

[0112] In some specific embodiments, the helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the intestinal tract of the offspring and increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestinal tract of the offspring.

[0113] In some specific embodiments, the helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the intestinal tract of the offspring and increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the intestinal tract of the offspring.

[0114] In some specific embodiments, the helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestinal tract of the offspring and increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the intestinal tract of the offspring.

[0115] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, and increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine.

[0116] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, and increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine.

[0117] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, and increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine.

[0118] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, and increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine.

[0119] In some embodiments, the helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring further comprises: reducing at least one of the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine and reducing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0120] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, and reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine.

[0121] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, and reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine.

[0122] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine, and reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine.

[0123] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, and decreasing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine.

[0124] In some specific embodiments, the helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine, and decreasing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine.

[0125] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine, and decreasing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine.

[0126] In some specific embodiments, the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring, including: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, and reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine.

[0127] In some specific embodiments, the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring, including: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine, and reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine.

[0128] In some specific embodiments, the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring, including: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine, and reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine.

[0129] In some specific embodiments, the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring, including: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine, and decreasing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine.

[0130] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, and decreasing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0131] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, and decreasing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0132] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine, and decreasing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0133] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, and decreasing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0134] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine, and decreasing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0135] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine, and decreasing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0136] In some specific embodiments, the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring, including: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, and reducing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0137] In some specific embodiments, the intestinal flora that helps to regulate the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine, and decreasing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0138] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine, and reducing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0139] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine, and decreasing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0140] In some specific embodiments, the intestinal flora that helps to regulate the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine, and reducing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0141] In some specific embodiments, the intestinal flora that helps regulate the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine, and reducing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0142] In some specific embodiments, the intestinal flora that helps to regulate the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine, reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine, and reducing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0143] In some specific embodiments, the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring, including: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine, and reducing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0144] In some specific embodiments, the helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine, decreasing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine, and decreasing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0145] In some specific embodiments, the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring, including: increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine, decreasing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine, and decreasing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0146] In some specific embodiments, the intestinal flora that helps to regulate the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine, and reducing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0147] In some specific embodiments, the intestinal flora that helps to regulate the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine, decreasing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine, and decreasing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0148] In some specific embodiments, the intestinal flora that helps to regulate the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine, decreasing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine, and decreasing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0149] In some specific embodiments, the intestinal flora that helps regulate the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine, decreasing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine, and decreasing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0150] In some specific embodiments, the intestinal flora that helps to regulate the offspring includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the offspring's intestine, increasing the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the offspring's intestine, reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the offspring's intestine, and reducing the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the offspring's intestine.

[0151] Through a large number of studies, the present invention has found that supplementary intake of 2'-fucosyllactose by mothers during pregnancy and / or lactation can simultaneously regulate some of the same flora in the intestines of pregnant mothers, lactating mothers and their offspring.

[0152] In some specific embodiments, the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of the mother and her offspring, including simultaneously increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers, lactating mothers and their offspring.

[0153] In some specific embodiments, the method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the mother and her offspring comprises simultaneously reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers, lactating mothers and their offspring.

[0154] In some specific embodiments, the method helps to regulate the intestinal flora of the mother and her offspring, including simultaneously increasing the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestines of pregnant mothers, lactating mothers and their offspring, and simultaneously reducing the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestines of pregnant mothers, lactating mothers and their offspring.

[0155] In addition, the present study found that supplementing 2'-fucosyllactose during pregnancy can increase the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the intestines of pregnant mothers and their offspring. Studies have shown that Akkermansia microorganisms can regulate the immune and metabolic systems through their metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), amino acids and amino acid derivatives, thereby playing a comprehensive role in the gut-brain axis (Xu R, ZhangY, Chen S, Zeng Y, Fu X, Chen T, Luo S, Zhang X. The role of the probiotic Akkermansia muciniphila in brain functions: insights underpinning therapeutic potential. Crit Rev Microbiol. 2023 Mar;49(2):151-176. doi: 10.1080 / 1040841X.2022.2044286.). Akkermansia plays an important role in a variety of neuropsychiatric diseases (such as depression and anxiety, autism spectrum disorders ASDs, Alzheimer's disease and cognitive impairment, etc.), and has the potential to be a therapeutic target for various neuropsychiatric diseases. Similarly, studies have shown that the number of Bacteroides in the feces of children with autism is reduced, while the level of Desulfovibrio is increased (Sorboni SG, Moghaddam HS, Jafarzadeh-Esfehani R, Soleimanpour S. A Comprehensive Review on the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Human Neurological Disorders. ClinMicrobiol Rev. 2022 Jan 19;35(1):e0033820. doi: 10.1128 / CMR.00338-20.). The present study found that supplementing mothers with 2'-fucosyllactose during pregnancy can increase the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the intestines of their offspring and reduce the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the intestines of their offspring.

[0156] Therefore, the present invention believes that by allowing the mother to supplement the intake of 2'-fucosyllactose during pregnancy and / or lactation, it will not only be beneficial to the health of the intestinal flora of the mother and her offspring, but also will be beneficial to the gut-brain axis of the mother and her offspring, and thus can play a certain beneficial role in the health of the nervous system of the mother and her offspring.

[0157] In some embodiments, the regulation of the intestinal flora of pregnant mothers, the regulation of the intestinal flora of lactating mothers, and the regulation of the intestinal flora of offspring described in the present invention is not intended to treat or prevent diseases.

[0158] The present invention does not particularly limit the specific food that helps regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant and / or lactating mothers and their offspring through ingestion by pregnant and / or lactating mothers.

[0159] In some embodiments, the food described in the present invention can be infant food, children's food, adolescent food or adult food; the adult food includes any one or more of food for pregnant women, food for postpartum women, food for pregnant and postpartum women, and food for middle-aged and elderly people.

[0160] In some embodiments, the food of the present invention is candy, beverage, dairy product, baked food, or dietary supplement. Exemplarily, the candy includes hard candy, jelly candy, crisp candy, compressed candy, and aerated candy, etc.; the beverage includes carbonated beverage, tea beverage, coffee beverage, fruit and vegetable juice beverage, and lactic acid bacteria beverage, etc.; the dairy product includes fermented milk, cheese, and milk powder, etc.; the baked food includes bread, cake, and biscuits, etc.; the dietary supplement includes hard capsule, soft capsule, tablet, oral liquid, granule, and powder, etc.

[0161] In some embodiments, the food described in the present invention is a special dietary food; the special dietary food includes infant formula, infant complementary food, complementary nutritional supplement and special medical purpose formula food, etc.

[0162] In some embodiments, at room temperature, the food of the present invention is in liquid form, solid block form or solid powder form. Exemplarily, the food in liquid form includes oral liquid, lactobacillus beverage, formula liquid milk, etc., the food in solid block form includes hard candy, biscuits, cheese, dietary supplement tablets, etc., and the food in solid powder form includes reconstituted beverages, etc.

[0163] In some specific embodiments, the food of the present invention is a formula milk powder or a dietary supplement for pregnant women, such as an oral liquid for pregnant women.

[0164] In some embodiments, the food of the present invention is an artificially prepared food, that is, it is not a natural food such as animal milk.

[0165] The present invention does not particularly limit the specific absolute content of 2'-fucosyllactose in food, as long as it meets the requirements of local food-related laws and regulations. In some embodiments, the mass content of 2'-fucosyllactose is at least 0.05%, preferably at least 0.1%, more preferably at least 1%, and further preferably at most 12% relative to the total mass of the food.

[0166] The food of the present invention may contain other ingredients besides 2'-fucosyllactose, such as proteins / amino acids, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, minerals and other ingredients commonly contained in foods.

[0167] In addition, depending on the type of food and the final needs of the applicable object, in some embodiments, the food contains any one or more of the following ingredients: plant product ingredients, animal dairy product ingredients, animal meat product ingredients, functional added ingredients and any acceptable excipients.

[0168] As for the ingredients of plant products, examples include fruits such as figs, pomegranates, kiwis, tangerines, oranges, pineapples, strawberries, apples, bananas, grapes, pears, cherries, blueberries, blackberries, black currants, cranberries, raspberries, melons, emblica chinensis and bilberry or their extracts; fruit and vegetable substances such as onions, cucumbers, tomatoes, cauliflower, carrots, spinach, kale, Brussels sprouts, garlic, basil, oregano or their extracts; grains such as rice (indica rice, japonica rice, glutinous rice), wheat (wheat, barley, oats, rye), corn, sorghum, millet, sorghum, yellow rice, buckwheat, soybeans, broad beans, peas, mung beans, red beans, kidney beans or their extracts; nuts such as walnuts, pistachios, cashews, hazelnuts, almonds, apricots, pine nuts, peanuts, melon seeds, chestnuts, macadamia nuts, ginkgo nuts or their extracts; coffee or its extracts; and some botanical Chinese medicinal materials or their extracts that are both medicinal and edible.

[0169] As for animal dairy ingredients, examples include fresh milk from cows, sheep, etc., as well as reprocessed dairy products such as whole milk powder, skim milk powder, concentrated whey protein powder, desalted whey powder, whey protein powder, hydrolyzed whey protein powder, and casein powder.

[0170] Examples of animal meat ingredients include meat ingredients from pigs, cattle, sheep, aquatic animals or poultry.

[0171] Functional added ingredients include vitamin supplements, mineral supplements, nucleotide supplements, dietary fiber, functional polyunsaturated fatty acid supplements, and the like.

[0172] As for any acceptable excipients, examples include solvents, antioxidants, antibacterial agents, thickeners, diluents, cosolvents, stabilizers, emulsifiers, fillers, disintegrants, lubricants, coating materials, anti-caking agents, flavoring agents, sweeteners, edible flavors, edible colorings, etc.

[0173] Example

[0174] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be considered to limit the scope of the present invention. If no specific conditions are specified in the examples, they are carried out under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Unless otherwise specified, the materials or instruments used are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially.

[0175] 1. Test materials

[0176] 1.1. Experimental animals and groups

[0177] 40 8-week-old sexually mature SPF female rats and 40 SPF male rats were selected; purchased from Hangzhou Medical College, animal certificate number 20240318Aazz0100000836, production license number: SCXK (Zhejiang) 2024-002. Rearing conditions: Animals were raised in a barrier environment, with an indoor temperature of 25±1℃, humidity of 45±5%, free access to drinking water, and 12h light-dark alternation every day. This experiment passed the animal experiment ethics review of Southeast University, ethics number: 20240316003.

[0178] After 3 days of adaptive feeding, female and male rats were placed in the same cage at a ratio of 1:1. The intervention started when the mother rat showed vaginal plugs, and the mother rats were continuously gavaged until the offspring rats were weaned. The experimental group was divided into groups and given the corresponding dose of sample aqueous solution, and the control group was given the corresponding dose of normal saline, gavaged once a day for 6 consecutive weeks. All dose groups were given maintenance feed, and the low and high doses of 2'-fucosyllactose in the intervention group were 12.6 and 37.8 (mg / d / rat). The specific doses of each group are shown in Table 1 below. The feces of the mother rats before gavage, after delivery, and after weaning, and the feces of the offspring rats one week and three weeks after birth (after weaning) were collected for intestinal flora sequencing.

[0179] Table 1 Oral dose of experimental animals

[0180]

[0181] 1.2. Instruments, consumables and reagents

[0182] The consumables, reagents and experimental instruments used in the experiment are shown in Tables 2 and 3.

[0183] Table 2 Main experimental consumables and reagents

[0184]

[0185] Table 3 Main experimental instruments

[0186]

[0187] 2. Detection Methods

[0188] 2.1. Feces collection of mother mice and offspring

[0189] (1) Feces collection of maternal mice: Fresh feces of each maternal mouse were collected in a clean environment before oral gavage, after delivery, and after weaning. The feces were numbered and stored at -80°C.

[0190] (2) Collection of feces of offspring: Fresh feces of each litter of offspring were collected at 1 week and 3 weeks after birth (after weaning), numbered, and stored in a frozen state at -80°C.

[0191] 2.2. Detection of fecal flora of mother mice and offspring

[0192] High-throughput sequencing of microorganisms in fecal samples of mother mice and offspring mice using 16S rDNA:

[0193] (1) Extraction of total DNA of the microbiome: A DNA extraction kit was used to extract the total DNA of the microbiome in the feces, and the quality of DNA extraction was tested by agarose gel electrophoresis. The DNA was quantified using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer.

[0194] (2) PCR amplification: The V3~V4 region of bacterial 16s rDNA was selected for gene amplification and sequencing. The primer sequences are shown in Table 4 below:

[0195] Table 4 Primer sequences

[0196]

[0197] The PCR reaction system is shown in Table 5 below:

[0198] Table 5 Reaction system

[0199]

[0200] The PCR reaction conditions are shown in Table 6 below:

[0201] Table 6 Reaction conditions

[0202]

[0203] (3) PCR products were purified using AMPure XT beads (Beckman Coulter Genomice, MA, USA) and quantified using Qubit (Invitrogen, USA).

[0204] (4) The purified PCR products were evaluated using the Agilent 2100 bioanalyzer (Agilent, USA) and the Illumina (Kapa Biosciences, Wobum, MA, USA) library quantification kit. The qualified library concentration was above 2 nM. The qualified libraries were gradient diluted and mixed according to the required sequencing amount. They were denatured into single strands by NaOH and sequenced on the machine. The NovaSeq 6000 sequencer was used for 2× 250 bp double-end sequencing, and the corresponding reagent was the NovaSeq 6000 SP Reagent Kit (500 cycles).

[0205] (5) For the paired-end data obtained by sequencing, the sample data is first split according to the Barcode information, and the adapter and Barcode sequence are removed, and then the sequence is spliced ​​to obtain the optimized sequence. After removing the chimera sequence, OUT cluster analysis is performed, and taxonomic analysis is performed on the representative OUT sequence. Based on the OUT cluster analysis results, multiple diversity index analyses and sequence depth detection are performed on OUT; based on the taxonomic information, colony structure statistical analysis is performed at each taxonomic level.

[0206] 3. Test results

[0207] 3.1. Results of dominant flora in the intestines of maternal mice

[0208] 3.1.1. Changes in Akkermansia in the intestines of female mice

[0209] Akkermansia is a Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium in the intestines. It mainly colonizes in the mucus layer of the gastrointestinal tract, protecting the mucus layer and connective tissue. As a new generation of probiotics, it is a biomarker of health status. Studies have shown that Akkermansia plays an important role as a probiotic in metabolic diseases (diabetes, obesity, etc.), intestinal diseases (inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, etc.) and the neuropsychiatric system.

[0210] like Figure 1As shown, compared with the control group, 2'-fucosyllactose can increase the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the intestine during pregnancy, and the improvement effect of the high-dose intervention group Example 2 is significantly higher than that of the low-dose intervention group Example 1; the abundance of Akkermansia in the intestine of wet nurses after weaning is lower than its relative abundance after delivery, among which the relative abundance of 2'-fucosyllactose in different doses of intervention groups is higher than that of the control group.

[0211] 3.1.2. Changes of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestines of female mice

[0212] Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified is an unnamed genus under the class Clostridia. It is a group of Gram-positive anaerobic or microaerophilic bacteria, and a large number of butyrate-producing bacteria belong to this genus. Studies have found that compared with healthy people, the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestines of patients with thyroiditis is reduced. Studies have found that the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestines during pregnancy is negatively correlated with dyslipidemia during pregnancy.

[0213] like Figure 2 As shown, compared with the control group, 2'-fucosyllactose can increase the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestine during pregnancy, and the improvement effect of the high-dose intervention group Example 2 is significantly higher than that of the low-dose intervention group Example 1; the abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestine of nursing mothers after weaning is lower than its relative abundance after delivery, among which the relative abundance in the high-dose intervention group Example 2 of 2'-fucosyllactose is higher than that in other dose groups.

[0214] 3.1.3. Changes in Ligilactobacillus in the intestines of female mice

[0215] Ligilactobacillus is a Gram-positive bacterium that is widely found in nature, mainly in the animal digestive system, oral cavity, intestines, vagina and other environments. Ligilactobacillus can digest and utilize proteins and carbohydrates, synthesize B vitamins and vitamin K in the intestines, decompose bile salts, and enhance the body's innate and acquired immunity; in addition, Ligilactobacillus strains can ferment to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), inhibit the proliferation of harmful bacteria in the intestines and promote the improvement of beneficial bacteria in the intestines.

[0216] like Figure 3 As shown, compared with the control group, the different intervention doses of 2'-fucosyllactose in Example 1 and Example 2 can increase the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestines of pregnant mice; after weaning, the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestines of pregnant mice in the different intervention doses of 2'-fucosyllactose in Example 1 and Example 2 was significantly higher than that in the control group.

[0217] 3.1.4. Changes in Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestines of female mice

[0218] Lactobacillus HT002 is a genus of the Lactobacillaceae family. It is a Gram-positive facultative anaerobic bacterium that can ferment carbohydrates to produce lactic acid and other short-chain fatty acids. It is a type of probiotic. Studies have shown that Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestine is closely related to the body's lipid metabolism.

[0219] like Figure 4 As shown, compared with the control group, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestines of the maternal mice in Example 1 and Example 2 from the beginning of pregnancy to after delivery was significantly lower than that in the control group, and there was no significant difference between the different intervention dose groups; after weaning, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestines of the maternal mice in Example 1 and Example 2 with different intervention doses of 2'-fucosyllactose was significantly higher than that in the control group.

[0220] 3.1.5. Changes in Bacteroides in the intestines of female mice

[0221] Bacteroides is mainly found in the intestines, oral cavity, upper respiratory tract and reproductive tract of humans and animals, mainly in the intestines. It is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, obligate anaerobic bacterium. Bacteroides can decompose and metabolize a variety of carbohydrates, digest a variety of dietary fibers, and produce short-chain fatty acids to maintain the balance of intestinal flora. In addition, Bacteroides can also regulate the body's immune system through its capsular polysaccharides. Studies have found that the abundance of Bacteroides in the intestine during pregnancy is negatively correlated with dyslipidemia during pregnancy.

[0222] like Figure 5 As shown, compared with the control group, the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the intestines of maternal mice in Example 1 and Example 2 of different intervention doses of 2'-fucosyllactose showed a downward trend, and the relative abundance was lower than that of the control group, indicating that different intervention doses of 2'-fucosyllactose had no proliferative effect on the Bacteroides in the intestines of pregnant maternal mice.

[0223] 3.1.6. Changes in Bifidobacterium in the intestines of female mice

[0224] Bifidobacterium is a Gram-positive, non-acid-fast, non-motile obligate anaerobic bacterium isolated from the feces of breast-fed infants. Bifidobacterium is widely found in the intestines of humans and animals and the rumen of ruminants. A small amount of Bifidobacterium is also found in the human vagina, oral cavity and breast milk. Bifidobacterium is currently recognized as a probiotic with a variety of probiotic functions, such as improving intestinal diseases caused by immune system disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease and ulcerative colitis, improving diseases caused by dysbiosis such as constipation and diarrhea, decomposing lactose to relieve lactose intolerance, inhibiting the growth and reproduction of putrefactive bacteria, and enhancing the body's immunity.

[0225] like Figure 6 As shown, compared with the control group, from the beginning of pregnancy to delivery to weaning, the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium in the intestines of the maternal rats in Example 1 and Example 2 with different intervention doses of 2'-fucosyllactose had no significant change.

[0226] 3.1.7. Changes in Escherichia-Shigella in the intestines of female mice

[0227] Escherichia-Shigella is a genus of the Enterobacteriaceae family, a common pathogenic bacteria in the intestine. It is a Gram-negative facultative anaerobic bacterium that does not require high nutrition for its growth. It can produce enterotoxins and is highly pathogenic. Its large-scale reproduction can cause intestinal flora disorders and lead to bacterial dysentery.

[0228] like Figure 7 As shown, compared with the control group, the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestines of the mother mice in Example 1 and Example 2 after delivery and weaning in the different doses of 2'-fucosyllactose intervention groups was lower than that in the control group, indicating that the different intervention groups of 2'-fucosyllactose can inhibit the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria in the intestine to a certain extent.

[0229] 3.1.8. Changes in Desulfovibrio in the intestines of female mice

[0230] Desulfovibrio, also known as sulfate-reducing bacteria, is a Gram-negative, non-fermenting anaerobic bacterium that metabolizes to produce hydrogen sulfide and is a common pathogen. It is widely present in soil, water, sewage, and the digestive tract of animals and humans. Large-scale reproduction in the intestine can be toxic to the intestinal epithelium and cause gastrointestinal diseases.

[0231] like Figure 8 As shown, compared with the control group, there was no significant difference in the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the intestines of maternal rats in Example 1 and Example 2, which were intervened with different doses of 2'-fucosyllactose after delivery; after weaning, the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the intestines of maternal rats in Example 1 and Example 2, which were intervened with different doses of 2'-fucosyllactose, was significantly lower than that in the control group.

[0232] 3.2. Results of dominant bacterial flora in the intestines of offspring mice

[0233] 3.2.1. Changes of Akkermansia in the intestines of offspring mice

[0234] like Fig. 9 As shown, there was no significant difference in the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the intestines of offspring mice in different dose groups 1 week after birth. With the continuation of breastfeeding, the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the intestines of offspring mice in different doses of 2'-fucosyllactose intervention groups in Example 1 and Example 2 was significantly higher than that in the control group. This indicates that the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the intestines of offspring can be significantly increased by giving mothers 2'-fucosyllactose from the beginning of pregnancy to the end of breastfeeding.

[0235] 3.2.2. Changes of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestines of offspring mice

[0236] like Fig.10 As shown, there was no significant difference in the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestines of offspring mice in different dose groups one week after birth. With the continuation of breast feeding, the relative abundance of Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified in the intestines of offspring mice in the low-dose intervention group of 2'-fucosyllactose Example 1 was higher than that in the control group, and there was no significant difference between the high-dose intervention group Example 2 and the control group.

[0237] 3.2.3. Changes of Ligilactobacillus in the intestines of offspring mice

[0238] like Fig.11 As shown, one week after the birth of the offspring, the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestines of the offspring of Example 1 and Example 2 in the different intervention doses of 2'-fucosyllactose were higher than that in the control group, and the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestines of the offspring of Example 2 in the high-dose intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control group; with the continuation of breast feeding, the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus in the intestines of the offspring of 2'-fucosyllactose in the different intervention doses groups was not significantly different from the relative abundance one week after birth, and was lower than that in the control group.

[0239] 3.2.4. Changes of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestines of offspring mice

[0240] like Fig.12 As shown, compared with the control group, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestine of the offspring mice one week after birth did not increase significantly; with the extension of breastfeeding time to weaning, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestine of the offspring mice in the different doses of 2'-fucosyllactose intervention groups Example 1 and Example 2 was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestine of the offspring mice in the high dose group Example 2 was higher than that in the low dose group Example 1. This shows that the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestine of the offspring can be significantly increased by giving the mother 2'-fucosyllactose from the beginning of pregnancy to the end of breastfeeding.

[0241] 3.2.5. Changes in Bacteroides in the intestines of offspring mice

[0242] like Fig.13As shown, compared with the control group, there was no significant change in the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the intestines of the offspring mice in the different intervention doses of 2'-fucosyllactose one week after birth; as breastfeeding continued until weaning, the relative abundance of Bacteroides in the intestines of the offspring mice in the low-dose intervention group of 2'-fucosyllactose (Example 1) was significantly higher than that in the control group.

[0243] 3.2.6. Changes in Bifidobacterium in the intestines of offspring mice

[0244] like Fig.14 As shown, compared with the control group, there was no significant change in the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium in the intestines of the offspring mice in the different intervention doses of 2'-fucosyllactose in Example 1 and Example 2 from 1 week after birth to after weaning.

[0245] 3.2.7. Changes in Escherichia-Shigella in the intestines of offspring mice

[0246] like Fig.15 As shown, compared with the control group, from one week after birth to weaning, the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella in the intestines of the offspring mice in the different doses of 2'-fucosyllactose intervention groups Example 1 and Example 2 was lower than that in the control group, and the relative abundance of the high-dose intervention group Example 2 was lower than that of the low-dose intervention group Example 1. This indicates that the relative abundance of harmful bacteria Escherichia-Shigella in the intestines of offspring can be significantly inhibited by giving mothers 2'-fucosyllactose from the beginning of pregnancy to the end of breastfeeding.

[0247] 3.2.8. Changes of Desulfovibrio in the intestines of offspring mice

[0248] like Fig.16 As shown, compared with the control group, the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the intestine of the offspring mice in the different doses of 2'-fucosyllactose intervention groups Example 1 and Example 2 was lower one week after birth, and there was no significant difference in the content of the different dose groups; as the breastfeeding time continued, the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio in the intestine of the offspring mice in the different doses of 2'-fucosyllactose intervention groups Example 1 and Example 2 was significantly lower than that of the control group after weaning. This shows that giving mothers 2'-fucosyllactose from the beginning of pregnancy to the end of breastfeeding can significantly inhibit the proliferation of harmful bacteria Desulfovibrio in the intestine of the offspring and reduce its relative abundance in the intestine.

Claims

1. Use of human milk oligosaccharide in the preparation of food that helps regulate the intestinal flora of the mother and her offspring through intake by the mother, wherein the human milk oligosaccharide is 2'-fucosyllactose, and the mother is in pregnancy and lactation; The intestinal flora that helps regulate offspring include: Increase the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the offspring intestine and increase the relative abundance of Akkermansia in the offspring intestine ( Akkermansia )'s relative abundance.

2. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of pregnant mothers includes: increasing the number of Akkermansia genus ( Akkermansia ) and increased the relative abundance of Clostridium unidentified genus in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers ( Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified ) and increase the relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. in the intestinal tract of pregnant mothers ( Ligilactobacillus ) and decreased the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella spp. ( Escherichia-Shigella )'s relative abundance.

3. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of lactating mothers includes: increasing the relative abundance of Lactobacillus HT002 in the intestinal tract of lactating mothers, increasing the relative abundance of Clostridium unnamed genus ( Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified ) and increase the relative abundance of Lactobacillus spp. in the intestines of lactating mothers ( Ligilactobacillus ) and reduce the relative abundance of Escherichia-Shigella spp. ( Escherichia-Shigella ) and decreased the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio spp. ( Desulfovibrio )'s relative abundance.

4. The use according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of helping to regulate the intestinal flora of the offspring also includes: reducing the number of Escherichia-Shigella genus ( Escherichia-Shigella ) and reduced the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio spp. in the gut of the offspring ( Desulfovibrio )'s relative abundance.

5. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The food is infant food, children's food, adolescent food or adult food; the adult food includes any one or more of food for pregnant women, food for postpartum women and food for the middle-aged and elderly.

6. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The food is candy, beverage, dairy product, bakery product, food for special dietary use or dietary supplement.

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that The candies include any one or more of hard candies, jelly candies, crisp candies, compressed candies and aerated candies; the beverages include any one or more of carbonated beverages, tea beverages, coffee beverages, fruit and vegetable juice beverages and lactic acid bacteria beverages; the dairy products include any one or more of fermented milk, cheese and milk powder; the baked goods include any one or more of bread, cakes and biscuits; the special dietary foods include any one or more of infant formula foods, infant supplementary foods and special medical formula foods; the dietary supplements include any one or more of hard capsules, soft capsules, tablets, oral liquids, granules and powders.

8. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that At room temperature, the food is in liquid form, solid block form or solid powder form.

9. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The food contains any one or more of the following ingredients: plant product ingredients, animal dairy product ingredients, animal meat product ingredients, functional added ingredients and any acceptable auxiliary materials in food.

10. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The mass content of the 2'-fucosyllactose in the food is at least 0.1%.

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