A method, system and device for capturing carbon dioxide in a humid environment

Abstract

The present invention proposes a method, system and equipment for capturing carbon dioxide in a humid environment, the method comprising: extracting humid air for adsorption; making an adsorbent mixed with solid amine material and water-absorbing material present a fluidized bubbling state to adsorb moisture and carbon dioxide in the humid air; judging whether the adsorption is completed according to the change of carbon dioxide concentration and air humidity; heating and stirring the adsorbent that has completed adsorption in a vacuum environment, accelerating heat transfer and reducing gas partial pressure through water vapor, and accelerating the desorption of carbon dioxide from the adsorbent; extracting gas in a vacuum desorption device to collect carbon dioxide. The present invention uses an adsorbent mixed with solid amine and water-absorbing material to capture carbon and water, which can not only effectively improve the capture efficiency, but also enhance the stability and adaptability of the system, effectively respond to the carbon dioxide capture and dehumidification needs in a humid environment, while maintaining high carbon capture efficiency and low carbon capture cost, and is suitable for large-scale industrial applications.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of carbon capture, and in particular to a method, system and equipment for capturing carbon dioxide in a humid environment. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid growth of human energy consumption, carbon dioxide emissions have also increased dramatically, and the resulting global warming has also had a huge impact on the production and life of many countries. In order to slow down global warming, governments have formulated medium- and long-term plans to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, and carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) is one of the key technologies to reduce carbon emissions.

[0003] There are two steps in the carbon capture process: adsorption and desorption of carbon dioxide. Adsorption refers to the use of adsorbents (such as liquid amines, solid amines, calcium-based materials, etc.) to adsorb carbon dioxide from flue gas or air. The adsorption process is usually carried out at lower pressures and higher temperatures. After the adsorbent is heated to a certain temperature, it comes into contact with flue gas or air to adsorb carbon dioxide. Desorption refers to the desorption and removal of carbon dioxide that has been adsorbed on the adsorbent. The desorbed carbon dioxide is compressed and refrigerated, and finally liquefied and stored. This process is usually called carbon dioxide stripping or regeneration.

[0004] In the prior art, there are many descriptions about the capture of carbon dioxide in flue gas and the capture of air carbon in open spaces, but there are few solutions for the simultaneous capture of carbon dioxide and water in relatively closed and humid spaces. In application scenarios such as ships at sea, underground garages, and submarines, dehumidification and carbon removal are required at the same time. However, in the process of carbon dioxide capture, moisture will have many adverse effects on adsorption and desorption. For example, when the moisture content of the material is high, it is easy to agglomerate, and throttling in the fluidized bed is prone to occur during adsorption, and excessive moisture adsorbed by the adsorbent will increase the energy consumption during desorption. Therefore, the existing carbon capture schemes have high requirements for the humidity of the air, and generally use dehydrated flue gas and other gases with lower humidity to capture carbon dioxide, but it is difficult to capture humid air, and carbon capture cannot be carried out on a large scale in a humid environment.

[0005] Based on this, a carbon capture solution with high desorption efficiency is needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] Based on the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a method, system and device for capturing carbon dioxide in a humid environment to achieve carbon dioxide capture in a humid environment. The specific scheme is as follows:

[0007] The present invention proposes a method for capturing carbon dioxide in a humid environment, the method comprising the following steps:

[0008] Extracting moist air into a fluidized bed reactor for adsorption, and monitoring the carbon dioxide concentration and air humidity at the air inlet and air outlet of the fluidized bed reactor through a preset sensor module;

[0009] In the fluidized bed reactor, the adsorbent mixed with the solid amine material and the water-absorbing material is in a fluidized bubbling state, and in this state, moisture and carbon dioxide in the humid air are adsorbed, and the dry low-carbon air obtained after the adsorption is discharged from the air outlet;

[0010] When the carbon dioxide concentration is higher than the preset high concentration value and the humidity is higher than the preset high humidity value, the introduction of humid air is stopped, and hot air is introduced into the fluidized bed reactor to remove moisture until the humidity at the air outlet is lower than the preset low humidity value, and then the introduction of humid air is resumed, and the change in carbon dioxide concentration is observed; wherein the air outlet is connected to the outdoors or to an environment that needs humidification;

[0011] If the carbon dioxide concentration is still higher than the preset high concentration value after the humid air is resumed, the adsorption is judged to be saturated, and the humid air is stopped to end the adsorption;

[0012] The adsorbent that has been adsorbed is input into a vacuum desorption device, heated and stirred in a vacuum environment, and water vapor is used to accelerate heat transfer and reduce gas partial pressure, thereby accelerating the desorption of carbon dioxide from the adsorbent;

[0013] The carbon dioxide and water vapor are extracted from the vacuum desorption device, and the water vapor is removed after dehydration treatment to obtain the carbon dioxide in the adsorbent.

[0014] In some specific embodiments, it also includes:

[0015] collecting distilled water produced after the dehydration treatment, and inputting the distilled water into an electrolysis device for electrolysis to obtain hydrogen and oxygen;

[0016] The oxygen obtained by electrolysis is input into a humid environment for oxygenation;

[0017] The hydrogen obtained by electrolysis and the collected carbon dioxide are input into the green alcohol device, and green alcohol is obtained through hydrogenation and distillation. The impurities generated during the hydrogenation process are used to heat the vacuum desorption device.

[0018] In some embodiments, during the adsorption process, the adsorbent in the fluidized bubbling state continuously impacts the multiple distribution nets built into the fluidized bed reactor to break up the adsorbent particles that have condensed into agglomerates and reduce the occurrence of fluidized bed throttling phenomenon;

[0019] When hot air is introduced, the distribution network divides the hot air into a plurality of uniform airflows, thereby drying the adsorbent material on the distribution network while uniformly dehydrating the adsorbent.

[0020] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0021] The desorbed adsorbent is cooled and then filtered to screen out the particles therein;

[0022] The screened adsorbent is placed back into the fluidized bed reactor to achieve recycling;

[0023] The screened particles are uniformly broken and regenerated to obtain new adsorbents for reuse.

[0024] In some embodiments, during the adsorption process, the humidity at the air inlet and the air outlet is detected by the sensor module, and the moisture content of the adsorbent is obtained, so that the moisture content of the adsorbent does not exceed 35%;

[0025] And / or, the temperature of the hot air does not exceed 60°C.

[0026] In some embodiments, the proportion of the water-absorbing material in the adsorbent and the vacuum degree, stirring rate and heating power of the vacuum desorption device are adjusted according to the moisture content of the humid air before adsorption;

[0027] And / or, during the desorption process, the desorption temperature in the vacuum desorption device is monitored in real time; when the desorption temperature increase rate is less than the preset rate, it is determined that the moisture content of the adsorbent is too high, and the stirring rate needs to be reduced to reduce agglomeration, and the vacuum pump start-up frequency needs to be increased to increase the vacuum degree.

[0028] The present application proposes a carbon dioxide capture system in a humid environment, the system comprising the following:

[0029] A pretreatment unit, used for extracting moist air into a fluidized bed reactor for adsorption, and monitoring the carbon dioxide concentration and air humidity at the air inlet and air outlet of the fluidized bed reactor through a preset sensor module;

[0030] The adsorption unit is used to make the adsorbent mixed with the solid amine material and the water-absorbing material present a fluidized bubbling state in the fluidized bed reactor, and absorb the moisture and carbon dioxide in the humid air in this state, and the dry low-carbon air obtained after the adsorption is discharged from the air outlet;

[0031] When the carbon dioxide concentration is higher than the preset high concentration value and the humidity is higher than the preset high humidity value, the introduction of humid air is stopped, and hot air is introduced into the fluidized bed reactor to remove moisture until the humidity at the air outlet is lower than the preset low humidity value, then the introduction of humid air is resumed and the change in carbon dioxide concentration is observed;

[0032] If the carbon dioxide concentration is still higher than the preset high concentration value after the humid air is resumed, the adsorption is judged to be saturated, and the humid air is stopped to end the adsorption;

[0033] The desorption unit is used to transport the adsorbent that has completed adsorption to the vacuum desorption device, heat it in a vacuum environment, accelerate heat transfer and reduce gas partial pressure through water vapor, and accelerate the desorption of carbon dioxide in the adsorbent;

[0034] The collecting unit is used to extract carbon dioxide and water vapor from the vacuum desorption device, remove the water vapor after dehydration treatment, and obtain carbon dioxide in the adsorbent.

[0035] The present application proposes a carbon dioxide capture device for realizing any of the above-mentioned carbon dioxide capture methods in a humid environment, characterized in that it comprises an induced draft fan, a hot air blower, a sensor module, a vacuum pump, a fluidized bed reactor and a vacuum desorption device;

[0036] The induced draft fan is connected to the air inlet of the fluidized bed reactor and is used to extract humid air from a humid environment into the fluidized bed reactor;

[0037] The fluidized bed reactor is built with an adsorbent mixed with a solid amine material and a water-absorbing material, which is used to make the adsorbent enter a fluidized bubbling state under the blowing action of air, and absorb carbon dioxide in the humid air through the solid amine material and absorb moisture in the humid air through the water-absorbing material;

[0038] The sensor module is used to detect the carbon dioxide concentration and air humidity at the air inlet and outlet of the fluidized bed reactor;

[0039] The vacuum pump pipeline is connected to the vacuum desorption device and is used to evacuate the vacuum desorption device and the fluidized bed reactor;

[0040] The vacuum desorption device is used to heat and stir the solid amine to desorb carbon dioxide from the solid amine.

[0041] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0042] Screening machine, used to screen out large and fine particles in the adsorbent;

[0043] The regeneration device is connected to the screening machine and the fluidized bed reactor and is used for uniformly breaking and regenerating the screened particles to obtain new adsorbent.

[0044] In some embodiments, the fluidized bed reactor is built with multiple distribution networks;

[0045] The surface of the distribution net is coated with an anti-stick coating to reduce the adhesion of the adsorbent to the distribution net; and / or, a plurality of wedge-shaped structures are arranged on the windward surface of the distribution net, and the distance and inclination angle between the wedge-shaped structures are adjustable.

[0046] Beneficial effects: The present invention proposes a method, system and equipment for capturing carbon dioxide in a humid environment, which utilizes an adsorbent mixed with solid amines and water-absorbing materials to capture carbon and water in a fluidized bed reactor, which can not only effectively improve the capture efficiency, but also enhance the stability and adaptability of the system, while having multiple advantages such as energy saving, flexible operation and economic benefits, and effectively responds to the carbon dioxide capture and dehumidification needs in a humid environment, while maintaining high carbon capture efficiency and low carbon capture cost, and is suitable for large-scale industrial applications, overcoming the problem of low capture efficiency of traditional carbon capture technology under high humidity conditions.

[0047] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0049] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of the carbon dioxide capture method of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an adsorption curve of the adsorbent of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 is an example diagram of the distribution network structure of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a module of a carbon dioxide capture system of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the carbon dioxide capture device of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 This is an example diagram of the subsequent processing flow of the carbon dioxide capture device of the present invention.

[0055] Figure numerals: 1-fluidized bed reactor; 2-vacuum desorption device; 3-vacuum pump; 4-distribution network; 5-induced draft fan; 6-hot air blower; 7-screening machine; 8-regeneration device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] The present invention proposes a method, system and equipment for capturing carbon dioxide in a humid environment, which utilizes solid amine and water-absorbing materials to capture carbon and water respectively in a fluidized bed reactor, thereby achieving carbon dioxide capture in a humid environment, overcoming the problems of reduced efficiency and increased energy consumption of traditional carbon capture technology under high humidity conditions. Figure 1-4 .

[0058] The schematic diagram of the carbon dioxide capture method is shown in the attached specification. Figure 1 The structural diagram of the carbon dioxide capture equipment is shown in the attached Figure 4 The carbon dioxide capture method is as follows:

[0059] A method for capturing carbon dioxide in a humid environment, the method comprising:

[0060] 101. Draw humid air into the fluidized bed reactor 1 for adsorption, and monitor the carbon dioxide concentration and air humidity at the air inlet and outlet of the fluidized bed reactor through a preset sensor module;

[0061] 102. In a fluidized bed reactor, an adsorbent mixed with a solid amine material and a water-absorbing material is made to present a fluidized bubbling state, and in this state, moisture and carbon dioxide in the humid air are adsorbed, and the dry low-carbon air obtained after adsorption is discharged from the air outlet; when the carbon dioxide concentration is higher than a preset high concentration value and the humidity is higher than a preset high humidity value, the introduction of humid air is stopped, and hot air is introduced into the fluidized bed reactor to remove moisture, until the humidity at the air outlet is lower than the preset low humidity value, then the introduction of humid air is resumed, and the change in carbon dioxide concentration is observed; if the carbon dioxide concentration is still higher than the preset high concentration value after the humid air is resumed, it is determined that the adsorption is saturated, and the introduction of humid air is stopped to end the adsorption;

[0062] 103. The adsorbent that has been adsorbed is input into a vacuum desorption device, heated and stirred in a vacuum environment, and water vapor is used to accelerate heat transfer and reduce gas partial pressure, thereby accelerating the desorption of carbon dioxide from the adsorbent;

[0063] 104. Extract carbon dioxide and water vapor from the vacuum desorption device, remove the water vapor after dehydration treatment, and obtain carbon dioxide in the adsorbent.

[0064] In some embodiments, the process further includes: collecting distilled water produced after dehydration treatment, and inputting the distilled water into an electrolysis device for electrolysis to obtain hydrogen and oxygen; inputting the oxygen obtained by electrolysis into a humid environment for oxygenation; inputting the hydrogen obtained by electrolysis and the collected carbon dioxide into a green alcohol device, and obtaining green alcohol through hydrogenation and distillation, and using the impurities produced during the hydrogenation process to heat the vacuum desorption device. Figure 6 As shown. The high-purity distilled water captured by desorption is electrolyzed to obtain hydrogen and oxygen. Oxygen is used to increase the oxygen in the space where the carbon capture equipment is located, and hydrogen is injected into the green alcohol device together with the captured carbon dioxide. Green alcohol is obtained by hydrogenation and distillation, and the impurities generated by hydrogenation are injected into the combustion device to generate heat for the carbon capture and desorption device. Therefore, this system has low energy consumption and can obtain high-purity carbon dioxide, water and methanol at the same time, which is suitable for large-scale industrial applications. The oxygen generated by electrolysis can be directly transported to the original humid environment to increase the oxygen content in the environment and improve the air quality. The hydrogen obtained by electrolysis is input into the green alcohol device together with the previously collected carbon dioxide. In this process, carbon dioxide and hydrogen react chemically, and green methanol (commonly called "green alcohol") is produced through hydrogenation and distillation processes. Green alcohol is an important chemical raw material and can also be used as a clean fuel. The impurities generated during the hydrogenation process can be used to provide the required heat for the vacuum desorption device to achieve energy recycling. The carbon dioxide capture scheme of the present application not only captures carbon dioxide, but also converts it into valuable chemicals, such as green alcohol, thereby achieving carbon reuse. The entire process is powered by clean energy and reduces energy consumption through energy recovery.

[0065] The present invention uniformly mixes the solid amine material and the water-absorbing material to obtain an adsorbent, and fills the adsorbent into the fluidized bed reactor 1 to capture carbon dioxide. The air in the humid space is introduced into the fluidized bed reactor 1, and the adsorbent simultaneously adsorbs carbon dioxide and water in the air under the fluidized bubbling state. The adsorption curve is shown in the attached figure. Figure 2 After the adsorbent material adsorbs water and carbon dioxide in the fluidized bed, it is evacuated and transported to the vacuum desorption device 2. Then, the vacuum desorption device 2 is evacuated by the vacuum pump 3, and the water and carbon dioxide in the adsorbent material are removed under heating conditions.

[0066] The present invention can achieve the effects of dehumidification and carbon dioxide removal at the same time, and water has a special effect in both the adsorption and desorption processes. The water-absorbing material preferentially adsorbs water in the fluidized bed to prevent water from covering the active sites of the solid amine, ensuring that the solid amine can fully contact and adsorb carbon dioxide. This avoids the competition of water for carbon dioxide adsorption and significantly improves the capture efficiency of carbon dioxide. Solid amine has a higher carbon dioxide adsorption capacity due to its porous structure and the presence of amine functional groups. This means that at the same volume, solid amine can capture more carbon dioxide, and compared with liquid amine systems, its operation is simpler and the maintenance cost is lower.

[0067] During the adsorption process, the adsorption of carbon dioxide by solid amines is promoted by capturing water, thereby reducing the adsorption time. During the desorption process, water vapor is used as a carrier gas to reduce the partial pressure of carbon dioxide, accelerate the heat transfer effect, and improve the desorption effect and desorption efficiency. Existing carbon capture schemes are used in humid environments. In order to reduce pressure resistance and prevent clogging, adsorbents mostly use granular materials (such as resins, etc.), which are expensive and have poor adsorption effects. The present invention combines the use of solid amines and water-absorbing materials to reduce the erosion of amine groups by water, extend the service life of the adsorbent, and thus reduce operating costs. Compared with existing schemes, the fluidized bed carbon and water capture of the present invention greatly reduces the pressure resistance during adsorption and reduces energy consumption. It not only overcomes the problem of reduced efficiency of traditional carbon capture technology under high humidity conditions, but also the solid amines and water-capturing materials used are small powder particles, such as silicon-based solid amines and calcium chloride, etc., and the material cost is greatly reduced.

[0068] In some embodiments, during the adsorption process, the adsorbent in the fluidized bubbling state is made to continuously collide with the multiple distribution nets 4 built into the fluidized bed reactor 1 to break up the condensed adsorbent particles and reduce the occurrence of fluidized bed throttling. Under the action of the induced draft fan 5, the adsorbent flows in the reaction bed. Due to the uneven distribution of particles in the fluid, the fluid velocity in the local area suddenly increases, forming a fountain-like phenomenon, which not only destroys the uniformity of the bed, but also may cause wear of the adsorbent particles. The present invention sets a distribution net 4 in the fluidized bed reactor 1 to reduce the effect of water absorption of the material on fluidization. The pores on the distribution net 4 can physically prevent the formation of particle agglomerates and help maintain a good fluidized state of the bed. During adsorption, the adsorbent moves in the fluidized bed reactor 1 in a fluidized state, continuously colliding with multiple distribution nets 4 to crush the particles, which can effectively reduce the occurrence of fluidized bed throttling. The distribution net 4 can be a metal net placed in the direction of the adsorbent flow in the fluidized bed reactor 1. The specific structure is shown in the attached figure. Figure 3As shown. In some embodiments, an anti-stick coating may be added to the surface of the distribution net 4 to prevent the powder material from sticking to the surface of the distribution net 4. When hot air is introduced, the distribution net 4 can not only reduce the agglomeration of the powder by the adsorbent impacting thereon, but also divide the hot air into multiple uniform airflows to form multiple airflow channels. Moreover, while the adsorbent is uniformly dehydrated, the adsorbent material on the distribution net 4 is dried. In practical applications, the number and position of the distribution nets 4 can be set according to the humidity of the humid environment. For example, distribution nets 4 are arranged in the upper, middle and lower parts of the fluidized bed reactor 1. When the humidity of the humid environment is high, the number of distribution nets 4 can be increased; when the humidity of the humid environment is low, the number of distribution nets 4 can be reduced.

[0069] In some embodiments, the distribution net 4 is composed of a plurality of wedge-shaped structures, with the thinner end of the wedge-shaped structure facing the windward side, which can greatly reduce the sticking of the powder. At the same time, the distance and inclination angle between the wedge-shaped structures are adjustable, and can be adjusted according to different working conditions.

[0070] During the adsorption process, excessive water absorption by the adsorbent will affect fluidization and reduce the adsorption efficiency, so hot air needs to be introduced to remove water. After the material has been captured once for water and carbon, hot air can be introduced to remove a large amount of water first. After removing a large amount of water, room temperature air can be introduced again to capture water and carbon. Repeated cycles can accumulate the carbon capture amount of the material to a higher level (adsorption capacity 100-130 mg / g). At this time, the material is vacuum transported to the vacuum desorption device 2 for desorption, and more carbon dioxide can be obtained in one desorption, which reduces the energy consumption of desorption operation and improves the desorption efficiency. In addition, removing water in advance can also reduce the energy consumption of water vapor cooling equipment and save cooling time. In some embodiments, the temperature of the hot air does not exceed 60°C, which reduces the oxidation of the adsorbent while preventing carbon dioxide from being desorbed from the solid amine. At this temperature, the water removal effect is good, and only a trace amount of carbon dioxide is desorbed from the solid amine, which is suitable for large-scale industrial applications.

[0071] Introduce room temperature humid air into the fluidized bed reactor 1 to capture water and carbon. The air inlet and outlet of the fluidized bed reactor 1 are both provided with detectors for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide. When the carbon dioxide detector detects that the outlet carbon dioxide concentration is high and the humidity detector detects that the outlet humidity is high, the air intake can be stopped. At this time, it proves that the adsorbent is not effective in capturing water and carbon from humid air. The water-absorbing material in the adsorbent is close to saturation, which affects the adsorption of solid amine. Start to introduce hot air below 60°C to remove water. When the outlet humidity detector detects that the humidity is low, the water removal can be stopped. Re-introduce room temperature air to capture water and carbon. After the outlet carbon dioxide and humidity are high, hot air is introduced to remove water again. Repeat this process until the outlet carbon dioxide detector concentration cannot be reduced when the air is at room temperature, indicating that the solid amine is saturated with carbon. At this time, the subsequent solid amine desorption can be carried out. The adsorbent material is vacuum transported to the vacuum desorption device 2, the vacuum and heating are turned on, and desorption begins. The gas flowmeter at the outlet of the vacuum pump 3 monitors that carbon dioxide gas is no longer generated, indicating that the desorption is completed. After the desorption is completed, the cold source cycle is turned on to cool the adsorbent material by the cooling equipment. When the adsorbent material is cooled to below 40°C, it is vacuum transported to the fluidized bed reactor 1 to restart adsorption, thereby realizing full-process recycling and further reducing the cost of carbon capture.

[0072] In some embodiments, the desorbed adsorbent is cooled and then filtered to screen out large and fine particles; the screened adsorbent is placed back in the fluidized bed reactor 1 for recycling; the screened particles are uniformly broken and regenerated to obtain new adsorbents and reused. During desorption, the material contains more water and may clump, so the material after long-term operation is screened to remove small agglomerated particles, and the agglomerated small particles are uniformly collected and broken and regenerated. In addition, after long-term recycling, broken small-particle powder may also appear, which is easy to stick to the stirring paddle to affect heat transfer and cause greater pressure on vacuum dust removal, and also needs to be screened and removed. The material in the vacuum desorption device 2 is transported to the regeneration system, and in the regeneration device 8, the adsorbent is regenerated to restore the adsorption performance. The regenerated adsorbent can be returned to the fluidized bed reactor 1 to achieve the recycling of the adsorbent, which can not only save costs, but also help reduce the generation of waste and improve the sustainability and economy of the entire system.

[0073] In some embodiments, during the adsorption process, the air humidity at the air inlet and the air outlet is detected by the sensor module, and the moisture content of the adsorbent is obtained, so that the moisture content of the adsorbent does not exceed 35%. By real-time monitoring of the humidity information at the air inlet and the air outlet of the fluidized bed reactor 1, the moisture absorbed by the adsorbent can be roughly calculated, and the moisture content of the adsorbent can be obtained. When the moisture content is too high, it will affect the fluidization effect and dehydration is required. Experiments have shown that when the moisture content of the solid amine is 15-20% and the moisture content of the water-absorbing material is 35-50%, the fluidization of the adsorbent material will not be affected.

[0074] During the desorption process, the water in the adsorbent turns into water vapor at the desorption temperature. As a carrier gas for carbon dioxide desorption, it can reduce the partial pressure of carbon dioxide and promote the desorption of carbon dioxide. In addition, the thermal conductivity of the solid amine material itself is small (0.045-0.37 W / m·k), and the heat transfer rate is slow. The thermal conductivity of water is about 0.60 W / m·k. The thermal conductivity of the solid amine after moisture absorption will be greatly improved, which can reduce the heat transfer time. Under the same desorption conditions, the higher the thermal conductivity of the material, the faster the heat transfer rate, the earlier the constant temperature of desorption can be reached, and the higher the desorption efficiency.

[0075] In some embodiments, according to the moisture content of the humid air before adsorption, the ratio of the water-absorbing material and the solid amine in the adsorbent, as well as the vacuum degree, stirring rate and heating power of the vacuum desorption device 2 are adjusted, and the influence of the material water absorption on the desorption is reduced through multi-parameter joint control, while the state of the adsorbent is flexibly controlled. Specifically, during the desorption process, the desorption temperature in the vacuum desorption device 2 is monitored in real time; when the desorption temperature increase rate is less than the preset rate, that is, the temperature rises too slowly, it is determined that the moisture content of the adsorbent is too high, and the stirring rate needs to be reduced to reduce agglomeration, and the starting frequency of the vacuum pump 3 is increased to increase the vacuum degree. For different humid environments, the moisture content of the material during desorption is different, and the heating rate, temperature, material moisture content, vacuum degree, stirring speed, heating power, etc. of the desorption system need to be mutually regulated. For example, when the material's heating rate is slow, it means that the moisture content is relatively high. At this time, a large amount of water vapor and carbon dioxide are released. When the vacuum degree cannot be reduced, it is necessary to adjust the adsorption end to reduce the moisture content and increase the starting frequency of the vacuum pump 3. When the moisture content is high, the stirring speed also needs to be reduced, because when the moisture content is high, rapid stirring of the material will cause agglomeration. After reducing the moisture content and stirring speed, the material itself has poor thermal conductivity, so the heating power needs to be increased. Vice versa, by adjusting these parameters, the desorption efficiency is always maintained at a high level without destroying the stability of the material.

[0076] The present invention proposes a carbon dioxide capture system in a humid environment. The module diagram of the system is shown in the attached figure. Figure 4 The system includes the following:

[0077] The pretreatment unit A1 is used to extract moist air into the fluidized bed reactor 1 for adsorption, and monitor the carbon dioxide concentration and air humidity at the air inlet and outlet of the fluidized bed reactor 1 through a preset sensor module;

[0078] Adsorption unit A2, in the fluidized bed reactor 1, makes the adsorbent mixed with solid amine material and water-absorbing material present a fluidized bubbling state, and adsorbs moisture and carbon dioxide in the humid air in this state, and the dry low-carbon air obtained after adsorption is discharged from the outlet;

[0079] When the carbon dioxide concentration is higher than the preset high concentration value and the humidity is higher than the preset high humidity value, the introduction of humid air is stopped, and hot air is introduced into the fluidized bed reactor 1 to remove moisture until the humidity at the air outlet is lower than the preset low humidity value, then the introduction of humid air is resumed, and the change in carbon dioxide concentration is observed;

[0080] If the carbon dioxide concentration is still higher than the preset high concentration value after the humid air is resumed, the adsorption is judged to be saturated, and the humid air is stopped to end the adsorption;

[0081] The desorption unit A3 is used to transport the adsorbent that has completed adsorption to the vacuum desorption device 2, and heat it in a vacuum environment to accelerate heat transfer and reduce the gas partial pressure through water vapor, thereby accelerating the desorption of carbon dioxide from the adsorbent;

[0082] The collecting unit A4 is used to extract the gas in the vacuum desorption device 2 and collect the carbon dioxide desorbed from the adsorbent.

[0083] In addition, the present invention also proposes a carbon dioxide capture device for realizing the above-mentioned carbon dioxide capture method in a humid environment, comprising an induced draft fan 5, a hot air blower 6, a sensor module, a vacuum pump 3, a fluidized bed reactor 1 and a vacuum desorption device 2; the specific structure is as shown in the attached Figure 5 shown.

[0084] The induced draft fan 5 is connected to the air inlet of the fluidized bed reactor 1 and is used to extract humid air from the humid environment into the fluidized bed reactor 1;

[0085] The hot air blower 6 is connected to the air inlet of the fluidized bed reactor 1 and is used to blow hot air into the fluidized bed reactor 1. The temperature of the hot air does not exceed 60°C.

[0086] The fluidized bed reactor 1 is built with an adsorbent mixed with a solid amine material and a water-absorbing material, which is used to make the adsorbent enter a fluidized bubbling state under the blowing action of air, and absorb carbon dioxide in the humid air through the solid amine material and absorb moisture in the humid air through the water-absorbing material;

[0087] The sensor module is used to detect the carbon dioxide concentration and humidity at the air inlet and outlet of the fluidized bed reactor 1; the sensor module specifically includes a temperature detection unit, a vacuum detection unit, a humidity detection unit, a carbon dioxide detection unit, a piezoresistive detection unit, a gas flow detection unit, etc. The distribution of each sensor in the sensor module is shown in the attached figure. Figure 5 shown.

[0088] The vacuum pump 3 is connected to the vacuum desorption device 2 through a pipeline, and is used to evacuate the vacuum desorption device 2 and the fluidized bed reactor 1;

[0089] The vacuum desorption device 2 is used to heat and stir the solid amine to desorb carbon dioxide from the solid amine. The vacuum desorption device 2 is provided with a temperature sensor, a vacuum detector, etc., so as to reasonably control the temperature and vacuum degree during desorption.

[0090] In some embodiments, the device further comprises:

[0091] The sieving machine 7 is connected to the vacuum desorption device 2 and is used to screen the adsorbent in the vacuum desorption device 2 to screen out large particles and fine particles in the adsorbent;

[0092] The regeneration device 8 is connected to the screening machine 7 and the fluidized bed reactor 1 and is used to uniformly break and regenerate the screened particles to restore the adsorption performance of the adsorbent and obtain a new adsorbent.

[0093] In some embodiments, multiple distribution networks are built into the fluidized bed reactor 1;

[0094] The surface of the distribution net is coated with an anti-stick coating to reduce the adhesion of the adsorbent to the distribution net; and / or, the windward surface of the distribution net is provided with a plurality of wedge-shaped structures, and the distance and inclination angle between the wedge-shaped structures are adjustable.

[0095] The present invention proposes a method, system and equipment for capturing carbon dioxide in a humid environment, which utilizes an adsorbent mixed with solid amines and water-absorbing materials to capture carbon and water in a fluidized bed reactor, which can not only effectively improve the capture efficiency, but also enhance the stability and adaptability of the system, while having multiple advantages such as energy saving, flexible operation and economic benefits, and effectively responds to the carbon dioxide capture and dehumidification needs in a humid environment, while maintaining high carbon capture efficiency and low carbon capture cost, and is suitable for large-scale industrial applications, overcoming the problem of low capture efficiency of traditional carbon capture technology under high humidity conditions.

[0096] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the modules of the present invention described above can be implemented using a general-purpose computing system, they can be concentrated on a single computing system, or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing systems, optionally, they can be implemented using program codes executable by a computer system, so that they can be stored in a storage system and executed by the computing system, or they can be made into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps therein can be made into a single integrated circuit module for implementation. Thus, the present invention is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.

[0097] Note that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments herein, and that various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in more detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include more other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

[0098] The above disclosure is only a few specific implementation scenarios of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for capturing carbon dioxide in a humid environment, characterized in that: The methods include the following: Extracting moist air into a fluidized bed reactor for adsorption, and monitoring the carbon dioxide concentration and air humidity at the air inlet and air outlet of the fluidized bed reactor through a preset sensor module; In the fluidized bed reactor, the adsorbent mixed with the solid amine material and the water-absorbing material is in a fluidized bubbling state, and in this state, moisture and carbon dioxide in the humid air are adsorbed, and the dry low-carbon air obtained after the adsorption is discharged from the air outlet; When the carbon dioxide concentration is higher than the preset high concentration value and the humidity is higher than the preset high humidity value, the introduction of humid air is stopped, and hot air is introduced into the fluidized bed reactor to remove moisture until the humidity at the air outlet is lower than the preset low humidity value, then the introduction of humid air is resumed and the change in carbon dioxide concentration is observed; If the carbon dioxide concentration is still higher than the preset high concentration value after the humid air is resumed, the adsorption is judged to be saturated, and the humid air is stopped to end the adsorption; The adsorbent that has completed adsorption is input into a vacuum desorption device, heated and stirred in a vacuum environment, and the moisture in the adsorbent turns into water vapor, which promotes heat transfer and reduces the gas partial pressure in the vacuum desorption device, thereby accelerating the desorption of carbon dioxide from the adsorbent; The carbon dioxide and water vapor are extracted from the vacuum desorption device, and the water vapor is removed after dehydration treatment to obtain the carbon dioxide in the adsorbent.

2. The method for capturing carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: collecting distilled water produced after the dehydration treatment, and inputting the distilled water into an electrolysis device for electrolysis to obtain hydrogen and oxygen; The oxygen obtained by electrolysis is input into a humid environment for oxygenation; The hydrogen obtained by electrolysis and the collected carbon dioxide are input into the green alcohol device, and green alcohol is obtained through hydrogenation and distillation. The impurities generated during the hydrogenation process are used to heat the vacuum desorption device.

3. The method for capturing carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the adsorption process, the adsorbent in the fluidized bubbling state continuously impacts the multiple distribution nets built into the fluidized bed reactor to break up the condensed adsorbent particles and reduce the occurrence of fluidized bed throttling phenomenon; When hot air is introduced, the distribution network divides the hot air into a plurality of uniform airflows, thereby drying the adsorbent material on the distribution network while uniformly dehydrating the adsorbent.

4. The method for capturing carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The desorbed adsorbent is cooled and then filtered to screen out the particles therein; The screened adsorbent is placed back into the fluidized bed reactor to achieve recycling; The screened particles are uniformly broken and regenerated to obtain new adsorbents for reuse.

5. The method for capturing carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the adsorption process, the humidity at the air inlet and the air outlet is detected by the sensor module, and then the moisture content of the adsorbent is obtained, so that the moisture content of the adsorbent does not exceed 35%; And / or, the temperature of the hot air does not exceed 60°C.

6. The method for capturing carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the moisture content of the moist air before adsorption, adjusting the proportion of the water-absorbing material in the adsorbent and the vacuum degree, stirring rate and heating power of the vacuum desorption device; And / or, during the desorption process, the desorption temperature in the vacuum desorption device is monitored in real time; when the desorption temperature increase rate is less than the preset rate, it is determined that the moisture content of the adsorbent is too high, and the stirring rate needs to be reduced to reduce agglomeration, and the vacuum pump start-up frequency needs to be increased to increase the vacuum degree.

7. A carbon dioxide capture system in a humid environment, characterized in that: The system includes the following: A pretreatment unit, used for extracting moist air into a fluidized bed reactor for adsorption, and monitoring the carbon dioxide concentration and air humidity at the air inlet and air outlet of the fluidized bed reactor through a preset sensor module; The adsorption unit is used to make the adsorbent mixed with the solid amine material and the water-absorbing material present a fluidized bubbling state in the fluidized bed reactor, and absorb the moisture and carbon dioxide in the humid air in this state, and the dry low-carbon air obtained after the adsorption is discharged from the air outlet; When the carbon dioxide concentration is higher than the preset high concentration value and the humidity is higher than the preset high humidity value, the introduction of humid air is stopped, and hot air is introduced into the fluidized bed reactor to remove moisture until the humidity at the air outlet is lower than the preset low humidity value, then the introduction of humid air is resumed and the change in carbon dioxide concentration is observed; If the carbon dioxide concentration is still higher than the preset high concentration value after the humid air is resumed, the adsorption is judged to be saturated, and the humid air is stopped to end the adsorption; The desorption unit is used to transport the adsorbent that has completed adsorption to the vacuum desorption device, heat it in a vacuum environment, accelerate heat transfer and reduce gas partial pressure through water vapor, and accelerate the desorption of carbon dioxide in the adsorbent; The collecting unit is used to extract carbon dioxide and water vapor from the vacuum desorption device, remove the water vapor after dehydration treatment, and obtain carbon dioxide in the adsorbent.

8. A carbon dioxide capture device, characterized in that: A method for capturing carbon dioxide in a humid environment according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises an induced draft fan, a hot air blower, a sensor module, a vacuum pump, a fluidized bed reactor and a vacuum desorption device; The induced draft fan is connected to the air inlet of the fluidized bed reactor and is used to extract humid air from a humid environment into the fluidized bed reactor; The fluidized bed reactor is built with an adsorbent mixed with a solid amine material and a water-absorbing material, which is used to make the adsorbent enter a fluidized bubbling state under the blowing action of air, and absorb carbon dioxide in the humid air through the solid amine material and absorb moisture in the humid air through the water-absorbing material; The sensor module is used to detect the carbon dioxide concentration and air humidity at the air inlet and outlet of the fluidized bed reactor; The vacuum pump pipeline is connected to the vacuum desorption device and is used to evacuate the vacuum desorption device and the fluidized bed reactor; The vacuum desorption device is used to heat and stir the solid amine to desorb carbon dioxide from the solid amine.

9. The carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 8, characterized in that Also includes: Screening machine, used to screen out large and fine particles in the adsorbent; The regeneration device is connected to the screening machine and the fluidized bed reactor and is used for uniformly breaking and regenerating the screened particles to obtain new adsorbent.

10. The carbon dioxide capture device according to claim 8, characterized in that The fluidized bed reactor is built with multiple distribution networks; The surface of the distribution net is coated with an anti-stick coating to reduce the adhesion of the adsorbent to the distribution net; and / or, a plurality of wedge-shaped structures are arranged on the windward surface of the distribution net, and the distance and inclination angle between the wedge-shaped structures are adjustable.

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