Microchannel reactor, microchannel reaction apparatus, and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the chemical industry field, disclose a kind of microchannel reactor, microchannel reaction device and method.The microchannel reactor includes the gas phase plate and microchannel reaction plate stacked along the first direction, and the side of gas phase plate is formed with a plurality of mutually isolated gas phase chamber to microchannel reaction plate, gas phase plate is provided with a plurality of gas inlets respectively communicated with a plurality of gas phase chamber;The side of microchannel reaction plate is formed with a plurality of fluidly connected microchannel zones to gas phase plate, a plurality of microchannel zones are arranged one by one with a plurality of gas phase chamber, and the arrangement direction of a plurality of microchannel zones is consistent with the direction of fluid flow, and the micro-porous membrane is sealingly arranged between each microchannel zone and corresponding gas phase chamber.The microchannel reactor of the present application has the advantages of small volume, simple structure, good mixing effect and high reaction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of chemical engineering, and more specifically to a microchannel reactor. Furthermore, it relates to a microchannel reaction apparatus and a microchannel reaction method. Background Technology

[0002] Continuous flow microchannel reactors are a relatively new technology in the chemical industry, utilizing advanced microfabrication techniques to control the scale of the chemical reaction field between 10 and 1000 μm. This small-scale effect results in a high specific surface area in the reaction space, enhancing thermal convection rates and shortening molecular diffusion time. Currently, continuous flow microchannel reactors are mainly used in liquid-liquid and gas-liquid phase reactions. Compared to traditional stirred tank reactors, continuous flow microchannel reactors offer advantages such as continuous flow reaction, instantaneous microprocessing, high efficiency and safety, ease of automation, thousands of times higher mass and heat transfer efficiency, and precise material proportioning, leading to their increasingly wide range of applications.

[0003] When continuous flow microchannel reactors are applied to gas-liquid phase reactions, two methods are generally used. One method is to directly introduce the gas and liquid media into the reactor from their respective inlets, and the two phases mix and react in the microchannel reactor. The other method is to premix the gas and liquid phases before they enter the reactor, and then send the gas-liquid mixture into the microchannel reactor under a certain pressure for reaction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel microchannel reactor that is small in size, simple in structure, has good mixing effect, and high reaction efficiency, including a microchannel reaction device for the microchannel reactor and a microchannel reaction method.

[0005] The microchannel reactor provided by the present invention includes a gas phase plate and a microchannel reaction plate stacked along a first direction. A plurality of mutually isolated gas phase chambers are formed on the side of the gas phase plate facing the microchannel reaction plate. A plurality of air inlets are provided on the gas phase plate, each communicating with one of the gas phase chambers. A plurality of fluid-communicating microchannel regions are formed on the side of the microchannel reaction plate facing the gas phase plate. Each of the microchannel regions corresponds one-to-one with one of the gas phase chambers. The arrangement direction of the microchannel regions is consistent with the fluid flow direction. A microporous membrane is sealed between each microchannel region and its corresponding gas phase chamber.

[0006] Through the above technical solution, the microchannel reactor of the present invention is not only small in size and simple in structure, but also allows the gas in the gas phase chamber to enter the microchannel of the microchannel reaction plate in the form of microbubbles through the microporous membrane during use, so that the gas phase and the liquid phase in the microchannel are fully mixed. In addition, multiple gas inlets can be used to introduce gas into multiple gas phase chambers, so that the gas pressure of multiple gas phase chambers can be independently controlled. This can reduce energy consumption while preventing the liquid in the microchannel from flowing back into the gas phase chamber and forming a short circuit, ensuring that the gaseous reactants in the gas phase chamber can smoothly pass through the microporous membrane into the microchannel, thereby effectively improving the reaction efficiency.

[0007] Optionally, the pore size of the microporous membrane is 50-1000 nm.

[0008] Optionally, the gas phase plate or the microchannel reaction plate is provided with a groove for embedding the microporous membrane, and the depth of the groove is consistent with the thickness of the microporous membrane.

[0009] Optionally, the plurality of microchannel regions and the plurality of gas phase chambers are arranged along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the microchannels on the microchannel reaction plate are arranged in an intestinal shape along the second direction. The microchannel reaction plate is provided with a microchannel inlet and a microchannel outlet respectively connected to both ends of the microchannel.

[0010] Optionally, the plurality of air inlets are disposed on the side of the vapor phase plate opposite to the microchannel reaction plate, and the air inlet direction is consistent with the first direction.

[0011] The microchannel reactor provided by the present invention includes a gas pressure control system and the aforementioned microchannel reactor. The gas pressure control system is connected to a plurality of gas inlets to allow gas to be introduced into a plurality of gas chambers and to control the pressure of the plurality of gas chambers.

[0012] Through the above technical solution, when the microchannel reaction device of the present invention is in use, the gas in the gas phase chamber can enter the microchannel of the microchannel reaction plate in the form of microbubbles through the microporous membrane, so that the gas phase and the liquid phase in the microchannel are fully mixed. In addition, the gas pressure of multiple gas phase chambers can be controlled by the gas pressure control system, which can reduce energy consumption and prevent the liquid in the microchannel from flowing back into the gas phase chamber to form a short circuit, ensuring that the gas phase reactants in the gas phase chamber can smoothly pass through the microporous membrane into the microchannel, thereby effectively improving the reaction efficiency.

[0013] Optionally, the pressure control system is configured such that the pressure in each gas phase chamber is slightly greater than the sum of the fluid pressure in the corresponding microchannel region and the pressure drop of the microporous membrane.

[0014] Optionally, the air pressure control system includes an air intake main pipe and multiple air intake branch pipes respectively connected to multiple air intake ports. The multiple air intake branch pipes are connected to the multiple air intake ports one by one, and each air intake branch pipe is equipped with a control valve and a flow meter.

[0015] Optionally, the microchannel reaction device further includes a heat exchange plate, which is attached to the side of the microchannel reaction plate opposite to the gas phase plate.

[0016] Optionally, the microchannel reaction device includes two microchannel reactors stacked opposite each other, with the heat exchange plate sandwiched between the two microchannel reaction plates, and the microchannel fluids of the two microchannel reaction plates connected in series.

[0017] The microchannel reaction method provided by this invention includes the following steps:

[0018] S1. The liquid reactant or a solid-liquid mixture formed by the liquid reactant and the solid reactant is introduced into the microchannel from the microchannel inlet and allowed to flow along the microchannel toward the microchannel outlet.

[0019] S2. During the above flow process, along the flow direction, the gaseous reactants are continuously introduced into the microchannel in the form of microbubbles in a manner with decreasing pressure, so as to fully mix and react with the liquid reactants or the solid-liquid mixture.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the microchannel reaction method described above are the same as those of the microchannel reactor described above.

[0021] Optionally, step S1 further includes: grinding the solid reactant into powder with an average particle size of less than 2 μm, and premixing the powder with the liquid reactant to form the solid-liquid mixture.

[0022] Optionally, the method is carried out using the microchannel reaction device described above.

[0023] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings:

[0025] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of one embodiment of the microchannel reaction device in this invention;

[0026] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Front perspective view of the middle vapor phase plate;

[0027] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Side sectional view of the middle vapor phase plate;

[0028] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Front perspective view of the microchannel reaction plate;

[0029] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Side sectional view of a microchannel reaction plate;

[0030] Figure 6 yes Figure 1 Front perspective view of the heat exchange plate;

[0031] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Side half-section view of the heat exchanger plate.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0033] 00-Fixing hole, 10-Gas phase plate, 11-Gas phase chamber, 12-Air inlet, 20-Microchannel reaction plate, 21-Microchannel area, 22-Microchannel, 23-Microchannel inlet, 24-Microchannel outlet, 25-First sealing ring, 30-Microporous membrane, 40-Gas pressure control system, 41-Main inlet pipe, 42-Branch inlet pipe, 43-Back pressure valve, 44-Flow meter, 50-Heat exchange plate, 51-Heat exchange channel, 52-Medium inlet, 53-Medium outlet, 54-Sealing groove, 55-Second sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are used to illustrate the principles of the present invention by way of example, but should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

[0035] These embodiments are provided to make the invention thorough and complete, and to fully express the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of components and steps, material composition, numerical expressions, and values ​​set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limiting.

[0036] It should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more; the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0037] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different parts. "Vertical" is not strictly vertical, but within the permissible range of error. "Parallel" is not strictly parallel, but within the permissible range of error. Terms such as "including" or "comprising" mean that the element preceding the word encompasses the element listed after the word, and do not exclude the possibility of encompassing other elements as well.

[0038] It should also be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention depending on the specific circumstances. When a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, an intermediary device may or may not be present between the specific device and the first or second device.

[0039] All terms used in this invention have the same meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in general dictionaries should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with their meanings in the context of the relevant art, and not as idealized or highly formalized, unless expressly defined herein.

[0040] Techniques, methods, and equipment known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, they should be considered part of the specification.

[0041] A first aspect of the present invention provides a microchannel reactor, comprising a reactor along a first direction (see...) Figure 1A gas phase plate 10 and a microchannel reaction plate 20 are stacked horizontally. On the side of the gas phase plate 10 facing the microchannel reaction plate 20, multiple isolated gas phase chambers 11 are formed. Multiple air inlets 12 are provided on the gas phase plate 10, which are respectively connected to the multiple gas phase chambers 11. On the side of the microchannel reaction plate 20 facing the gas phase plate 10, multiple fluid-connected microchannel regions 21 are formed. The multiple microchannel regions 21 are arranged one-to-one with the multiple gas phase chambers 11. The arrangement direction of the multiple microchannel regions 21 is consistent with the fluid flow direction. A microporous membrane 30 is sealed between each microchannel region 21 and the corresponding gas phase chamber 11.

[0042] It is understood that the microchannel reaction plate 20 has microchannels 22, and the aforementioned fluid flow direction is understood to be the flow direction of the fluid within the microchannels 22. The microporous membrane 30 seals the gas chamber 11 into a closed space. For example... Figure 1 As shown, a first sealing ring 25 can be provided on the outer periphery of the microporous membrane 30 to achieve a sealing setting of the microporous membrane 30.

[0043] Through the above technical solution, the microchannel reactor of the present invention is not only small in size and simple in structure, but also allows the gas in the gas phase chamber 11 to enter the microchannel of the microchannel reaction plate 20 in the form of microbubbles through the microporous membrane 30 during use, so that the gas phase and the liquid phase in the microchannel are fully mixed. In addition, since the microchannel 22 is usually a slender structure, the liquid will generate a pressure drop during the flow of liquid in the microchannel 22, so that the liquid pressure is different at different positions of the microchannel 22. The pressure difference between the liquid pressure in different microchannel regions 21 and the gas pressure in the corresponding gas phase chamber 11 is different. By setting multiple independent sealed gas phase chambers 11, the present invention can introduce gas into multiple gas phase chambers 11 through multiple air inlets 12, so that the gas pressure of multiple gas phase chambers 11 can be independently controlled. This can reduce energy consumption and prevent the liquid in the microchannel from flowing back into the gas phase chamber 11 to form a short circuit, ensuring that the gaseous reactants in the gas phase chamber 11 can smoothly pass through the microporous membrane 30 into the microchannel, thereby effectively improving the reaction efficiency.

[0044] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the vapor plate 10 has a plate structure, and the vapor chamber 11 is formed by the groove on the side of the vapor plate 10 and the microporous membrane 30.

[0045] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the microchannel reaction plate 20 has a plate-like structure, and the microchannels 22 are formed by grooves on the side of the microchannel reaction plate 20 and the microporous membrane 30. The diameter of the microchannels 22 is preferably 50-2000 μm. The microchannels 22 may include multiple hybrid structures arranged along their extension direction, wherein the shape of the hybrid structures can be designed into different shapes according to different reaction systems, such as umbrella-shaped, heart-shaped (e.g., Figure 4(as shown), linear, O-type, or a mixture of these types, etc.

[0046] The microporous membrane 30 has a porous structure and can be an inorganic ceramic membrane, a sintered metal membrane, or other microporous materials. The microporous membrane 30 has good filtration and high-temperature resistance properties. Gas can pass through the microporous membrane 30 and enter the microchannel 22 in the form of microbubbles, where it can be fully mixed with the medium in the microchannel 22.

[0047] When the aforementioned microchannel reactor is applied to a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction, the gas phase and the solid-liquid mixture are located on opposite sides of the microporous membrane 30. The pore size of the microporous membrane 30 can be selected according to the particle size of the solid particles, ensuring that the pore size of the microporous membrane 30 is smaller than the particle size of the solid particles. According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pore size of the microporous membrane 30 is 50-1000 nm, allowing gas and liquid to pass through the membrane channels while exhibiting excellent interception effect on solid particles larger than the membrane pore size.

[0048] In this invention, in order to reliably fix the microporous membrane 30, a groove for embedding the microporous membrane 30 can be provided on the vapor phase plate 10 or the microchannel reaction plate 20, and the depth of the groove is consistent with the thickness of the microporous membrane 30.

[0049] In some implementations, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 4 Multiple microchannel regions 21 and multiple gas phase chambers 11 are respectively arranged along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction (see...). Figure 1 The microchannels 22 on the microchannel reaction plate 20 are arranged in an intestinal shape along the second direction. The microchannel reaction plate 20 is provided with a microchannel inlet 23 and a microchannel outlet 24 that are respectively connected to the two ends of the microchannels 22. The second direction can be understood as the direction from the microchannel inlet 23 to the microchannel outlet 24.

[0050] When the reactants contain multiple liquid media, the microchannel reaction plate 20 may have multiple microchannel inlets 23.

[0051] In this invention, to facilitate the entry of gaseous reactants into the microchannel 22, such as... Figure 3 As shown, multiple air inlets 12 are preferably disposed on the side of the vapor phase plate 10 opposite to the microchannel reaction plate 20, and the air intake direction of the air inlets 12 is along the first direction.

[0052] A second aspect of the present invention provides a microchannel reaction apparatus, comprising a pressure control system 40 and the aforementioned microchannel reactor. The pressure control system 40 is connected to a plurality of air inlets 12 for introducing air into a plurality of gas chambers 11 and controlling the pressure of the plurality of gas chambers 11. That is, the pressure control system 40 is used to provide stable pressure to different gas chambers 11 of the gas plate 10, ensuring that gaseous reactants smoothly enter the microchannel.

[0053] The pressure control system 40 is configured to ensure that the pressure in each gas chamber 11 is slightly greater than the sum of the fluid pressure in the corresponding microchannel region 21 and the pressure drop of the microporous membrane 30. In other words, the pressure in the gas chamber 11 does not need to be too high; it is sufficient to ensure that the gas chamber 11 is under a slightly positive pressure.

[0054] In some implementations, such as Figure 1 As shown, the air pressure control system 40 includes an air intake manifold 41 and multiple air intake branch pipes 42 connected to multiple air intake ports 12 respectively. The multiple air intake branch pipes 42 are connected to the multiple air intake ports 12 in a one-to-one correspondence. Each air intake branch pipe 42 is equipped with a control valve 43 and a flow meter 44. The control valve 43 can be a back pressure valve or a needle valve.

[0055] In some embodiments, the microchannel reaction apparatus may further include a heat exchange plate 50, which is attached to the side of the microchannel reaction plate 20 facing away from the gas phase plate 10. The heat exchange plate 50 has a heat exchange channel 51 and a medium inlet 52 and a medium outlet 53 respectively communicating with both ends of the heat exchange channel 51. The heat exchange channel 51 is sealed and defined by a groove on the heat exchange plate 50 and the side of the microchannel reaction plate 20. A second sealing ring 55 can be used to seal between the microchannel reaction plate 20 and the heat exchange plate 50.

[0056] The function of the heat exchange plate 50 is to ensure a constant reaction temperature within the microchannel. When the chemical reaction within the microchannel is exothermic, a coolant can be introduced into the heat exchange plate 50 to dissipate the heat. When the chemical reaction within the microchannel is endothermic, hot water or heat transfer oil can be introduced into the heat exchange plate 50 to provide heat for the reaction. The flow direction of the heat exchange medium in the heat exchange plate 50 is preferably opposite to the flow direction of the medium within the microchannel to achieve better heat exchange performance. That is, the medium inlet 52 and medium outlet 53 of the heat exchange plate 50 correspond to the microchannel outlet 24 and microchannel inlet 23 of the microchannel reaction plate 20, respectively (see...). Figure 1 ).

[0057] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the heat exchange channel 51 of the heat exchange plate 50 is preferably extended in the same way as the microchannel 22 in order to extend the heat exchange time and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0058] In some implementations, such as Figure 1As shown, a microchannel reactor may include two microchannel reactors stacked opposite each other, with a heat exchange plate 50 sandwiched between the two microchannel reactor plates 20, and the microchannels 22 of the two microchannel reactor plates 20 connected in series. That is, the microchannel reactor includes a gas phase plate 10, a microchannel reactor plate 20, a heat exchange plate 50, a microchannel reactor plate 20, and a gas phase plate 10 stacked sequentially along a first direction. In this way, the two microchannel reactors form a series structure. The reactants enter from the microchannel inlet 23 of the first microchannel reactor plate 20, flow out from the microchannel outlet 24 of the first microchannel reactor plate 20, enter the microchannel inlet 23 of the second microchannel reactor plate 20, and finally flow out from the microchannel outlet 24 of the second microchannel reactor plate 20. After the reactants complete the reaction in the first microchannel reactor, they can enter the second microchannel reactor to continue the reaction, making the reaction more complete. In this case, as... Figure 7 As shown, the heat exchange channel 51 of the heat exchange plate 50 can be a through-slot structure to simultaneously exchange heat for two microchannel reaction plates 20. Sealing grooves 54 for embedding the second sealing ring 55 can be provided on both sides of the heat exchange plate 50.

[0059] It should be noted that the gas phase plate 10, the microchannel reaction plate 20, and the heat exchange plate 50 are fixedly connected. Specifically, as shown... Figures 1-7 In the embodiment shown, the vapor phase plate 10, the microchannel reaction plate 20, and the heat exchange plate 50 are fixedly connected by bolts, and the vapor phase plate 10, the microchannel reaction plate 20, and the heat exchange plate 50 are respectively provided with fixing holes 00 for the bolts to pass through.

[0060] A third aspect of the present invention provides a microchannel reaction method, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1. The liquid reactant or a solid-liquid mixture formed by the liquid reactant and the solid reactant is introduced into the microchannel 22 from the microchannel inlet 23 and allowed to flow along the microchannel 22 toward the microchannel outlet 24.

[0062] S2. During the above flow process, along the flow direction, the gaseous reactants are continuously introduced into the microchannel 22 in the form of microbubbles in a manner with decreasing pressure, so as to fully mix and react with the liquid reactants or the solid-liquid mixture.

[0063] The microchannel reaction method of the present invention differs from the two existing reaction methods. It does not require premixing of the gas-liquid phase medium outside the reactor, nor does it introduce the gas and liquid into the microchannel through two separate inlets. Instead, the liquid phase medium or liquid-solid mixture is introduced into the microchannel 22 through the microchannel inlet 23. As the medium flows from the microchannel 22 to the microchannel outlet 24, gas is continuously added. The gas enters the microchannel 22 in the form of microbubbles and is fully mixed with the liquid phase medium or liquid-solid mixture. This method has the advantages of good mixing effect and high reaction efficiency.

[0064] Step S1 further includes: grinding the solid reactant into powder with an average particle size of less than 2 μm, and premixing it with the liquid reactant to form a solid-liquid mixture.

[0065] This invention provides a microchannel reaction method for gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactions through the above technical solution, making microchannels suitable for gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactions, thereby filling the technical gap that existing continuous flow microchannel reactors cannot be used for gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactions.

[0066] The microchannel reaction method of the present invention can be carried out using the microchannel reaction apparatus of the present invention. Of course, other different reaction apparatuses can also be used.

[0067] The various embodiments of the present invention have now been described in detail. To avoid obscuring the concept of the invention, some details known in the art have not been described. Those skilled in the art can fully understand how to implement the technical solutions disclosed herein based on the above description.

[0068] Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the above embodiments or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way.

Claims

1. A microchannel reaction device, characterized in that, Includes a pressure control system (40) and a microchannel reactor, wherein, The microchannel reactor includes a gas phase plate (10) and a microchannel reaction plate (20) stacked along a first direction. A plurality of mutually isolated gas phase chambers (11) are formed on the side of the gas phase plate (10) facing the microchannel reaction plate (20). A plurality of air inlets (12) are provided on the gas phase plate (10) respectively communicating with the plurality of gas phase chambers (11). A plurality of fluid-communicating microchannel regions (21) are formed on the side of the microchannel reaction plate (20) facing the gas phase plate (10). The plurality of microchannel regions (21) are arranged one-to-one with the plurality of gas phase chambers (11). The arrangement direction of the plurality of microchannel regions (21) is consistent with the fluid flow direction. A microporous membrane (30) is sealed between each microchannel region (21) and the corresponding gas phase chamber (11). Multiple microchannel regions (21) and multiple gas phase chambers (11) are arranged along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The microchannels (22) on the microchannel reaction plate (20) are arranged in an intestinal shape along the second direction. The microchannel reaction plate (20) is provided with a microchannel inlet (23) and a microchannel outlet (24) respectively connected to both ends of the microchannel (22). The plurality of air inlets (12) are disposed on the side of the vapor phase plate (10) opposite to the microchannel reaction plate (20), and the air inlet (12) is in the same direction as the first direction. The air pressure control system (40) is connected to the plurality of air inlets (12) respectively, for introducing air into the plurality of gas phase chambers (11) respectively and controlling the pressure of the plurality of gas phase chambers (11); The pressure control system (40) is configured such that the pressure in each gas chamber (11) is slightly greater than the sum of the fluid pressure in the corresponding microchannel region (21) and the pressure drop of the microporous membrane (30).

2. The microchannel reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microporous membrane (30) has a pore size of 50-1000 nm, and / or The gas phase plate (10) or the microchannel reaction plate (20) is provided with a groove for embedding the microporous membrane (30), and the depth of the groove is consistent with the thickness of the microporous membrane (30).

3. The microchannel reaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air pressure control system (40) includes an intake manifold (41) and multiple intake branch pipes (42) respectively connected to multiple intake ports (12). The multiple intake branch pipes (42) are connected one-to-one with the multiple intake ports (12). Each intake branch pipe (42) is equipped with a control valve (43) and a flow meter (44); and / or The microchannel reaction device also includes a heat exchange plate (50), which is attached to the side of the microchannel reaction plate (20) facing away from the gas phase plate (10).

4. The microchannel reaction device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The microchannel reaction device includes two microchannel reactors stacked opposite each other, with the heat exchange plate (50) sandwiched between the two microchannel reaction plates (20), and the microchannels (22) of the two microchannel reaction plates (20) connected in series.

5. A microchannel reaction method, characterized in that, The method is performed using the microchannel reaction apparatus according to any one of claims 1-4, and the method includes the following steps: S1. The liquid reactant or a solid-liquid mixture formed by the liquid reactant and the solid reactant is introduced into the microchannel (22) through the microchannel inlet (23) and allowed to flow along the microchannel (22) toward the microchannel outlet (24); S2. During the above flow process, along the flow direction, the gaseous reactants are continuously introduced into the microchannel (22) in the form of microbubbles in a manner with decreasing pressure, so as to fully mix and react with the liquid reactants or the solid-liquid mixture.

6. The microchannel reaction method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S1 further includes: grinding the solid reactant into powder with an average particle size of less than 2 μm, and premixing the powder with the liquid reactant to form the solid-liquid mixture.

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