Soil conditioner for improving soil fertility of newly reclaimed land, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land, a preparation method and an application. The soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land comprises a coated conditioner, shrimp shell powder, organic fertilizer and blended fertilizer; the coated conditioner is a shell-core structure, the inner core is a mixture of Fengshouyan conditioner, earthworm castings and dry moss, and the outer shell is a highly absorbent resin; the Fengshouyan soil conditioner is selected from alkaline calcium magnesium silicon materials. The present invention also provides a preparation method of the soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land as described in the present invention, comprising the following steps: uniformly mixing Fengshouyan conditioner, earthworm castings and dry moss, soaking them with potassium chloride solution to ensure complete penetration, drying to obtain a mixture; coating the surface of the mixture with a layer of highly absorbent resin, freezing to obtain a coated conditioner; mixing the coated conditioner, shrimp shell powder, organic fertilizer and blended fertilizer to obtain a soil conditioner capable of improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land. The present invention can quickly improve the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land and improve the soil structure of the cultivated layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, and in particular to a soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land, a preparation method and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] According to the preliminary results of the 2022 China National Land Change Survey, China's cultivated land area has increased to 1.914 billion mu. However, some of these newly added cultivated lands were obtained through land reclamation. Due to the low soil fertility and poor soil structure of these newly added cultivated lands, their productivity can only reach 30% to 50% of normal cultivated land. This situation urgently needs to be improved efficiently through the input of exogenous organic materials and the updating of field management models.

[0003] At present, there are various soil conditioners on the market, and their functions are mainly focused on removing soil barrier factors and the fertilization process of normal soil. However, there are relatively few reports on rapid tillage layer construction technology, which also includes some physical means such as mechanical tillage technology. In addition, there are relatively few reports on soil conditioner combinations for improving the soil quality of newly reclaimed land (especially acidic purple sand soil).

[0004] Therefore, in order to achieve the effective promotion of newly reclaimed land soil conditioners and reduce costs and increase efficiency at the same time, it is urgent to develop a new reclaimed land soil conditioner that is low-cost and easy to use. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a soil conditioner, a preparation method and an application for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land, so as to quickly improve the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land and improve the soil structure of the cultivated layer.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A soil conditioner for improving the soil quality of newly reclaimed land, comprising a coated conditioner, shrimp shell powder, organic fertilizer and blended fertilizer;

[0008] The coated conditioning agent is a core-shell structure, the core is a mixture of Fengshouyan conditioning agent, earthworm castings and dry moss, and the outer shell is a highly absorbent resin;

[0009] The Fengshouyan soil conditioner is selected from alkaline calcium magnesium silicon materials.

[0010] Among them, the harvest extension conditioner effectively alleviates the toxic effects of too low pH values ​​in acidic soil on crops and reduces the bioavailability of heavy metals. By applying earthworm castings, not only nutrients are provided for crops, but also microorganisms in the soil are activated. Coarsely ground shrimp shell powder helps to transform the components and structure of active soluble organic matter (DOM) in the soil. Dry moss (crushed) is rich in substances such as cellulose and protein, and is also rich in nutrients and minerals such as trace elements, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, which is extremely beneficial to plant growth. The combined use of organic fertilizers and chemical fertilizers not only ensures the nutrients required for crop growth (especially organic matter and nitrogen nutrients), but also promotes the stabilization of soil organic matter, thereby helping to achieve the goal of soil carbon fixation. Therefore, the use of the soil improver of the present invention can effectively improve soil fertility and improve soil structure for the special soil conditions of newly reclaimed land through the input of exogenous organic materials and the renewal of field management modes, thereby improving the productivity of newly reclaimed land. At the same time, this type of soil conditioner should also be easy to operate and low-cost, and suitable for wide application, so as to achieve the goal of effectively promoting new reclaimed land soil conditioners and reducing costs and increasing efficiency.

[0011] Preferably, the mass ratio of the harvest-extending conditioner, earthworm castings, shrimp shell powder, dry moss, organic fertilizer and blended fertilizer is 1-5:12-16:20-30:1-3:40-60:4-8.

[0012] Among them, the soil conditioner for improving the fertility of newly reclaimed land of the present invention is applied in the following amounts during actual application: 30kg / mu of harvest-extending conditioner; 140kg / mu of earthworm manure; 250kg / mu of coarsely ground shrimp shell powder; 20kg / mu of dry moss (crushed); 500kg / mu of organic fertilizer (N+P2O5+K2O≥4.0%, organic matter≥30%); and 60kg / mu of mixed fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O is 20-10-15).

[0013] Preferably, the shrimp shell powder is selected from coarsely ground shrimp shell powder, which is obtained by grinding with a ball mill and then passing through a 10-mesh sieve.

[0014] Preferably, the dry moss is selected from dry moss pieces, which are obtained by grinding with a ball mill and then passing through a 10-mesh sieve.

[0015] Preferably, the super absorbent resin is selected from acrylic materials.

[0016] Preferably, the thickness of the shell is D,0 mm <D<2mm。

[0017] Preferably, the alkaline calcium magnesium silicon material is selected from at least one of magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate silicate (Ca2Si2O7(CO3)2).

[0018] Preferably, the pH of the alkaline calcium magnesium silicon material is greater than 10.

[0019] By controlling the pH value of alkaline calcium magnesium silicon materials to be greater than 10, and combining them with "Jintuo" mixed fertilizers, the soil pH can be increased to prevent acidification.

[0020] Preferably, the organic fertilizer has a total nitrogen content of 2-3%, a total phosphorus content of 4-6%, a total potassium content of 1-3%, a chloride ion mass percentage of 0.05-0.15%, an organic matter content of 38%-40%, a moisture content of 25-30%, and the rest being inorganic nutrients;

[0021] The organic matter includes livestock and poultry manure and mushroom residue.

[0022] Among them, "inorganic nutrients" refer to non-organic nutrients required for plant growth. These nutrients usually come from the soil, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur and other elements. They are indispensable for plant growth, but unlike organic nutrients, inorganic nutrients are not composed of decomposition or metabolites of organisms, but come directly from the inorganic environment, such as soil, water or air. Inorganic nutrients are absorbed through the root system of plants, participate in various biochemical processes in the plant body, and play a key role in the growth and development of plants.

[0023] Preferably, the blended fertilizer contains 18-24% nitrogen, 8-12% phosphorus pentoxide, 14-16% potassium oxide, 15-30% chloride ions, and the rest are carbon-containing organic impurities.

[0024] Among them, carbon-containing organic impurities refer to organic compounds in the soil that come from the decomposition or metabolites of organic matter. These organic compounds contain carbon elements but do not include nutrients required for plant growth, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc.

[0025] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land as described in the present invention, comprising the following steps:

[0026] Mix the Harvest Extension Conditioner, earthworm castings and dry moss evenly, soak them in potassium chloride solution to ensure complete saturation, and dry them until the surface is slightly moist (water content is 10% to 20%) to obtain a mixture;

[0027] The surface of the mixture is coated with a layer of highly absorbent resin and then frozen to obtain a coated conditioning agent;

[0028] The coated conditioner, shrimp shell powder, organic fertilizer and blended fertilizer are mixed to obtain a soil improver that can improve the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land.

[0029] The highly absorbent resin powder is applied once on the surface of the slightly moistened mixture by applying the powder.

[0030] Among them, the purpose of soaking in potassium chloride solution is to add certain chlorine and potassium elements to the materials, thereby improving the disease resistance, stress resistance and crop quality of crops after application to cultivated land. Applying super absorbent resin powder after mixing the four materials is to improve the water retention performance of the materials, and the freezing method is used to consider the possibility of breaking cells through freeze-thaw method to prevent the materials from bringing in some diseases. In addition to adding the elements required by plants to the materials, the combination of the above methods also utilizes the characteristics of super absorbent resin's improved anti-seepage ability under freeze-thaw conditions to preserve the nutrients of the soil conditioner so that it will not decompose and lose in a short time, thereby achieving the purpose of long-term carbon fixation.

[0031] By soaking the mixture of Harvest Extension Conditioner, earthworm castings and dry moss in potassium chloride solution, the two elements of chlorine and potassium were added smoothly, thereby enhancing the disease resistance and stress resistance of crops after application to cultivated land and improving the quality of crops. Applying highly absorbent resin powder on the surface of the mixture of Harvest Extension Conditioner, earthworm castings and dry moss effectively enhanced the water retention performance of the soil conditioner. The role of freezing by freezing is to destroy the cell structure through freeze-thaw action to prevent diseases that may be carried by the soil conditioner itself.

[0032] Therefore, through clever comprehensive application, it is not only ensured that the soil conditioner can supplement the elements required by plants, but also the enhanced anti-seepage ability under freeze-thaw conditions is achieved to preserve the nutrients of the soil conditioner and prevent it from decomposing and losing in a short period of time, thereby achieving the effect of long-term carbon fixation.

[0033] Preferably, the concentration of potassium chloride in the potassium chloride solution is 1.8-2.4M.

[0034] Preferably, the soaking time is 12 to 24 hours.

[0035] Preferably, the freezing temperature is -20°C.

[0036] Preferably, the freezing time is 4 hours.

[0037] The present invention also provides a soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land as described in the present invention, and the soil conditioner is used as a base fertilizer for the surface layer of the newly reclaimed land;

[0038] The thickness of the surface layer of the newly reclaimed land soil is between 0 and 20 cm, and the fertilization method is surface spreading, and no additional topdressing is required afterwards.

[0039] The newly reclaimed land soil is a newly reclaimed land where acidic purple sandstone is developed. Acidic purple sand soil reacts acidically, and the pH is often around 5.0-6.4. At the same time, the soil is sandy, permeable, and has weak storage capacity. In terms of fertility, it has low basic fertility. Except for medium potassium, the content of organic matter and other nutrients is low. As a newly reclaimed land, there are problems such as "sandy, thin, and acidic". This soil conditioner greatly improves the soil pH while increasing various soil nutrients represented by soil organic matter, and reduces soil bulk density while increasing the content of soil aggregates, solving the problems of purple sand soil such as "sandy, thin, and acidic".

[0040] Specifically, "Jintuo" blended fertilizer and harvest extension conditioner are used to improve soil pH, while commercial organic fertilizer, "Jintuo" blended fertilizer, shrimp shell powder, dry moss, earthworm manure and other materials can increase the content of soil organic matter and nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, while appropriately reducing soil bulk density and increasing the number of soil aggregates (especially the chitosan in shrimp shell powder has an effect on improving soil structure and the input of exogenous organic fertilizer can effectively improve the content of soil aggregates). This method has low cost and simple application method, and is more suitable for newly reclaimed land.

[0041] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0042] The soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land of the present invention effectively alleviates the toxic effect of too low pH value in acidic soil on crops by adding a harvest extension conditioner, and reduces the bioavailability of heavy metals; by adding earthworm castings, it not only provides nutrients for crops, but also activates microorganisms in the soil; by adding coarsely ground shrimp shell powder, it helps to transform the components and structures of active dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the soil; by adding dry moss (crushed), which is rich in substances such as cellulose and protein, and contains rich trace elements, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients and minerals, it effectively promotes the growth of plants; by combining organic fertilizer with blended fertilizer, it not only ensures the nutrients (especially organic matter and nitrogen nutrients) required for crop growth, but also promotes the stabilization of soil organic matter, thereby helping to achieve the goal of soil carbon fixation. Therefore, the soil conditioner of the present invention can quickly improve the soil fertility and tillage layer construction of newly reclaimed land, and has promotion and application value in the field of soil improvement technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 This is a comparison chart of the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer test results before and after the treatment of the three materials (referring to the mixture of Fengshouyan conditioner, earthworm castings, and dry moss crumbs) and after the treatment (the treatment process refers to the mixing of Fengshouyan conditioner, earthworm castings and dry moss crumbs, soaking them in 2M potassium chloride solution for 12 hours and then drying them until the surface is slightly moist, then applying a layer of super absorbent resin powder on the surface of the conditioner, freezing them at -20℃ for 4 hours and then taking them out and placing them at room temperature). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will describe the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] The present invention intends to disclose a soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land, a preparation method and an application thereof, so as to quickly improve the soil fertility and tillage layer construction of newly reclaimed land.

[0046] Among them, soil conditioners to improve the soil quality of newly reclaimed land include coated conditioners, shrimp shell powder, organic fertilizers and blended fertilizers;

[0047] The coated conditioner is a core-shell structure, the core is a mixture of Fengshouyan conditioner, earthworm castings and dry moss, and the outer shell is a highly absorbent resin;

[0048] The soil conditioner of Fengshouyan is selected from alkaline calcium magnesium silicon materials.

[0049] In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the harvest-extending conditioner, earthworm castings, shrimp shell powder, dry moss, organic fertilizer and blended fertilizer is 1-5:12-16:20-30:1-3:40-60:4-8.

[0050] Among them, the above-mentioned soil conditioners for improving the fertility of newly reclaimed land are applied in the following amounts during the actual application process: 30kg / mu of harvest-extending conditioner; 140kg / mu of earthworm manure; 250kg / mu of coarsely ground shrimp shell powder; 20kg / mu of dry moss (crushed); 500kg / mu of organic fertilizer (N+P2O5+K2O ≥4.0%, organic matter ≥30%); and 60kg / mu of mixed fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O is 20-10-15).

[0051] Exemplarily, the shrimp shell powder is selected from coarsely ground shrimp shell powder, which is obtained by grinding with a ball mill and then passing through a 10-mesh sieve.

[0052] Exemplarily, the dry moss is selected from dry moss pieces, which are obtained by grinding with a ball mill and then passing through a 10-mesh sieve.

[0053] In some embodiments, the super absorbent resin is selected from acrylic materials.

[0054] In some embodiments, the thickness of the shell is D,0 mm <D<2mm。

[0055] In some embodiments, the alkaline calcium magnesium silicon material is selected from at least one of magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide, and calcium carbonate silicate (Ca2Si2O7(CO3)2).

[0056] In some embodiments, the pH of the basic calcium magnesium material is greater than 10.

[0057] In some embodiments, the organic fertilizer has a total nitrogen content of 2-3%, a total phosphorus content of 4-6%, a total potassium content of 1-3%, a chloride ion content of 0.05-0.15%, an organic matter content (including livestock and poultry manure and mushroom residue, etc.) of 38%-40%, a water content of 25-30%, and the rest is basically various inorganic nutrients. In addition, the heavy metal content is within the qualified range.

[0058] Among them, "inorganic nutrients" refer to non-organic nutrients required for plant growth. These nutrients usually come from the soil, including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur and other elements. They are indispensable for plant growth, but unlike organic nutrients, inorganic nutrients are not composed of decomposition or metabolites of organisms, but come directly from the inorganic environment, such as soil, water or air. Inorganic nutrients are absorbed through the root system of plants, participate in various biochemical processes in the plant body, and play a key role in the growth and development of plants.

[0059] Exemplarily, the blended fertilizer contains 18-24% nitrogen, 8-12% phosphorus pentoxide, 14-16% potassium oxide, 15%-30% chloride ions, and the rest are carbon-containing organic impurities.

[0060] Among them, carbon-containing organic impurities refer to organic compounds in the soil that come from the decomposition or metabolites of organic matter. These organic compounds contain carbon elements but do not include nutrients required for plant growth, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc.

[0061] The above contents are all mass percentages.

[0062] In some embodiments, a method for preparing the soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land in any of the above embodiments is also provided, comprising the following steps:

[0063] Mix the Harvest Extension Conditioner, earthworm castings and dry moss evenly, soak them in potassium chloride solution to ensure complete saturation, and dry them until the surface is slightly moist (water content 10-20%) to obtain a mixture;

[0064] The surface of the mixture is coated with a layer of highly absorbent resin and then frozen to obtain a coated conditioning agent;

[0065] The coated conditioner, shrimp shell powder, organic fertilizer and blended fertilizer are mixed to obtain a soil improver that can improve the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land.

[0066] The highly absorbent resin powder is applied once on the surface of the mixture by a coating method.

[0067] Exemplarily, the concentration of potassium chloride in the potassium chloride solution is 1.8M to 2.4M.

[0068] Exemplarily, the soaking time is 12 hours to 24 hours.

[0069] Exemplarily, the freezing temperature is -20°C.

[0070] Exemplarily, the freezing time is 4 hours.

[0071] In some embodiments, there is also provided a use of a soil conditioner for improving soil fertility of newly reclaimed land as described in any of the above embodiments as a base fertilizer for the surface layer of soil in newly reclaimed land;

[0072] Among them, the thickness of the surface soil of the newly reclaimed land is between 0 and 20 cm, and the fertilization method is surface spreading, and no subsequent topdressing is required.

[0073] The soil of the newly reclaimed land is a newly reclaimed land where acidic purple sandstone is developed. The acidic purple sand soil has an acidic reaction, and the pH is often around 5.0-6.4. At the same time, the soil is sandy, permeable, and has weak storage capacity. In terms of fertility, it has low basic fertility. Except for medium potassium, the content of organic matter and other nutrients is low. As a newly reclaimed land, there are problems such as "sandy, lean, and acidic". This soil conditioner can greatly increase the soil pH while increasing various soil nutrients represented by soil organic matter. It reduces soil bulk density while increasing the content of soil aggregates, solving the problems of purple sand soil such as "sandy, lean, and acidic".

[0074] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present application clearer, the preparation method of the soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land of the present invention will be further described in detail in combination with specific embodiments and drawings. Obviously, the specific embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is by no means intended to limit the present application and its applications. Based on the specific embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0075] If no specific techniques or conditions are specified in the specific embodiments, the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or the product instructions are used. If no manufacturer is specified for the reagents or instruments used, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0076] Example 1

[0077] A method for preparing a soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land comprises the following steps:

[0078] S1, taking some dried shrimp shells and dried moss, grinding them with a ball mill and passing them through a 10-mesh sieve to obtain coarsely ground shrimp shell powder and dried moss crushed;

[0079] S2, 3kg Fengshouyan conditioner, 14kg earthworm castings and 2kg dry moss are mixed evenly, soaked in a 2M potassium chloride solution for 12 hours to ensure complete immersion, and dried to obtain a mixture; wherein the Fengshouyan conditioner is a mixture of magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate silicate (Ca2Si2O7(CO3)2), with a mass ratio of 2.6:5.6:2.3:1;

[0080] S3, applying a layer of super absorbent resin powder with a thickness of 0.01 mm on the surface of the mixture prepared in S2, freezing it at -20°C for 4 hours, and then placing it at room temperature to obtain a coated conditioning agent;

[0081] S4. Mix the coated conditioner obtained in S3, 25 kg of coarsely ground shrimp shell powder, 50 kg of organic fertilizer (total nitrogen content is 2.58%, total phosphorus content is 5.10%, total potassium content is 1.25%, chloride ion mass fraction is 0.10%, organic matter (livestock and poultry manure and mushroom residue) content is 40%, water mass fraction is 26%, and the rest are various inorganic nutrients) and 6 kg of blended fertilizer (nitrogen content is 20%, phosphorus pentoxide content is 10% and potassium oxide content is 15%, containing chloride ions of 15%, and the rest are various organic impurities) to obtain a soil conditioner that can improve the fertility of newly reclaimed land.

[0082] Example 2

[0083] A method for preparing a soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land comprises the following steps:

[0084] S1, taking some dried shrimp shells and dried moss, grinding them with a ball mill and passing them through a 10-mesh sieve to obtain coarsely ground shrimp shell powder and dried moss crushed;

[0085] S2, 3kg Fengshouyan conditioner, 18.5kg earthworm castings and 2kg dry moss are mixed evenly, soaked in a 2M potassium chloride solution for 24 hours to ensure complete immersion, and dried to obtain a mixture; wherein the Fengshouyan conditioner is a mixture of magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate silicate (Ca2Si2O7(CO3)2), with a mass ratio of 2.6:5.6:2.3:1;

[0086] S3, applying a layer of super absorbent resin powder with a thickness of 0.01 mm on the surface of the mixture prepared in S2, freezing it at -20°C for 4 hours, and then placing it at room temperature to obtain a coated conditioning agent;

[0087] S4. Mix the coated conditioner obtained in S3, 20 kg of coarsely ground shrimp shell powder, 50 kg of organic fertilizer (total nitrogen content is 2.58%, total phosphorus content is 5.10%, total potassium content is 1.25%, chloride ion mass fraction is 0.10%, organic matter (livestock and poultry manure and mushroom residue) content is 40%, water mass fraction is 26%, and the rest are various inorganic nutrients) and 6 kg of blended fertilizer (nitrogen content is 20%, phosphorus pentoxide content is 10% and potassium oxide content is 15%, containing chloride ions of 15%, and the rest are various organic impurities) to obtain a soil conditioner that can improve the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land.

[0088] Example 3

[0089] A method for preparing a soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land comprises the following steps:

[0090] S1, taking some dried shrimp shells and dried moss, grinding them with a ball mill and passing them through a 10-mesh sieve to obtain coarsely ground shrimp shell powder and dried moss crushed;

[0091] S2, 3kg Fengshouyan conditioner, 9.5kg earthworm castings and 2kg dry moss are mixed evenly, soaked in a 2M potassium chloride solution for 18 hours to ensure complete immersion, and dried to obtain a mixture; wherein the Fengshouyan conditioner is a mixture of magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate silicate (Ca2Si2O7(CO3)2), with a mass ratio of 2.6:5.6:2.3:1;

[0092] S3, applying a layer of super absorbent resin powder with a thickness of 0.01 mm on the surface of the mixture prepared in S2, freezing it at -20°C for 4 hours, and then placing it at room temperature to obtain a coated conditioning agent;

[0093] S4. Mix the coated conditioner obtained in S3, 30 kg of coarsely ground shrimp shell powder, 50 kg of organic fertilizer (total nitrogen content is 2.58%, total phosphorus content is 5.10%, total potassium content is 1.25%, chloride ion mass fraction is 0.10%, organic matter (livestock and poultry manure and mushroom residue) content is 40%, water mass fraction is 26%, and the rest are various inorganic nutrients) and 6 kg of blended fertilizer (nitrogen content is 20%, phosphorus pentoxide content is 10% and potassium oxide content is 15%, containing chloride ions of 15%, and the rest are various organic impurities) to obtain a soil conditioner that can improve the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land.

[0094] Detection and analysis

[0095] 1) Infrared spectroscopy analysis

[0096] The comparison of the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer test results of the three materials before treatment (referring to the mixture of Fengshouyan conditioner, earthworm castings, and dry moss) and after treatment (the treatment process refers to the mixture of Fengshouyan conditioner, earthworm castings and dry moss, soaking in 2M potassium chloride solution for 12 hours and then drying, then applying a layer of super absorbent resin powder on the surface of the conditioner, freezing at -20℃ for 4 hours and then taking out and placing at room temperature) is shown in the figure below. Figure 1 shown.

[0097] from Figure 1 The analysis showed that as a mixture, the common peaks before and after treatment were 3,440-3,450cm provided by dry moss. -1 dihydroxyl groups at 1,630-1,640cm -1 The carbonyl characteristic peaks of primary amides at 1,030-1,040 cm -1 Aliphatic ethers at 3,440-3,450cm provided by vermicompost -1 Dihydroxyl groups at 1,420-1,430cm -1 Carboxylic acid (-OH part), 870-880cm -1 Aromatic acyl halides (probably artificial additives to commercial worm manure) at 3,440-3,450cm provided by Fengshouyan conditioner -1 Dihydroxyl groups at 1,630-1,640cm -1 The carbonyl characteristic peak of primary amide at 790-800cm -1 Epoxide cyclic ethers and 760-770cm -1 The halide peak at (from the calcium magnesium silicon conditioning agent structure).

[0098] contrast Figure 1 The difference between before and after treatment is not difficult to find that the main difference between the two is 760-770cm -1 The halide peaks at 690-700 cm -1The former appears in the structure of Fengshouyan conditioner but decreases after mixing, which may be a local reaction after mixing - CX peak dehalogenation reaction; and it reappears after treatment and the content of the compound bond increases, thanks to the potassium chloride soaking process; at the same time, the halide peak (most likely C-Cl) has a shift process, which may also be a confirmation of the above reaction process (or the result of molecular weight increase). The latter only has obvious primary amide NH2 characteristic peaks after treatment (more obvious and larger peak area than before treatment), which may be caused by the replacement of carboxylic acid hydroxyl with amino group during the treatment process, which may come from the side chain interchain reaction of resin powder.

[0099] 2) Water retention test

[0100] At the same time, water retention tests were carried out on the three materials before and after treatment. The experiment adopted a method similar to the soil water retention test: first, symmetrically take three materials of the same mass before treatment, after treatment, and after treatment with organic fertilizer, mixed fertilizer, and shrimp shell powder, add water to fully saturate, and take them out after 24 hours; wipe off the floating water on the surface with filter paper and place them in an oven for static, set the temperature to a constant 85℃, weigh them every 4 hours, record the mass and calculate the cumulative water loss, and keep weighing until constant weight. The total water loss mass is the soil water retention capacity. The results showed that the soil water retention capacity of the three materials were 11.53±0.15g, 13.27±1.10g, and 13.96±0.76g, respectively. The soil water retention capacity of the treated material was about 15.1% higher than that before treatment, and the difference in soil water retention capacity between the treated and added materials was small, indicating that the treated material had better water retention performance (and was less affected by the subsequent addition of materials). Combined with the infrared results, it can be judged that it is very likely that the amino group can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, thereby enhancing the water retention performance of the material. At the same time, although some carboxyl hydroxyl groups are replaced, the treated material may newly generate some compounds that wrap water molecules through molecular chains to prevent water evaporation, thereby improving water retention performance.

[0101] In summary, the soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land of the present invention has at least the following advantages: 1) good soil improvement effect, significantly improving the soil organic matter content and various quick-acting nutrient contents; 2) high efficiency of plow layer construction: the cost of the combination of the improver is relatively low, and the combination uses a small amount of improver input and a short time (1 year) to show a more significant soil fertility improvement effect and a relatively considerable increase in rice yield; 3) wide scope of application: it only enters the field through surface application, and some individual farmers who do not have advanced machinery and equipment can also use it. It can also be used as a base fertilizer, and the operation is generally convenient; at the same time, because the improver has a good regulating effect on soil pH and other aspects, most neutral and acidic newly reclaimed land are applicable. Therefore, the soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land of the present invention, through the combined use of exogenous organic materials and functional improvers, improves soil structure and increases crop yield while improving soil nutrients such as soil organic matter. It is a soil conditioner combination that is easy to operate, relatively low in cost and has good practical effects, and has promotion and application value in the field of soil improvement technology.

[0102] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitution or change made by a person skilled in the art based on the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land, characterized in that: Includes coated conditioners, shrimp shell powder, organic fertilizers and blended fertilizers; The coated conditioning agent is a core-shell structure, the core is a mixture of Fengshouyan conditioning agent, earthworm castings and dry moss, and the outer shell is a highly absorbent resin; The Fengshouyan soil conditioner is selected from alkaline calcium magnesium silicon material, the alkaline calcium magnesium silicon material is a mixture of magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide and Ca2Si2O7(CO3)2, and the mass ratio of magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium hydroxide and Ca2Si2O7(CO3)2 is 2.6:5.6:2.3:1; The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps: Mix the Harvest Extension Conditioner, earthworm castings and dry moss, soak them in potassium chloride solution, and dry them until the moisture content is 10% to 20% to obtain a granular mixture; The surface of the mixture is coated with a layer of highly absorbent resin and then frozen to obtain a coated conditioning agent; The coated conditioner, shrimp shell powder, organic fertilizer and blended fertilizer are mixed to obtain a soil conditioner capable of improving the soil quality of newly reclaimed land; The concentration of potassium chloride in the potassium chloride solution is 1.8M~2.4M; The soaking time is 12 h to 24 h; The freezing temperature is -20°C; The freezing time is 4 h.

2. The soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the harvest-extending conditioner, earthworm castings, shrimp shell powder, dry moss, organic fertilizer and blended fertilizer is 1-5:12-16:20-30:1-3:40-60:4-8.

3. The soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material of the highly water-absorbent resin is acrylic acid material; And / or, the thickness of the shell is D,0 mm <D<2mm。 4. The soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pH of the alkaline calcium magnesium silicon material is greater than 10.

5. The soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer contains 2-3% total nitrogen, 4-6% total phosphorus, 1-3% total potassium, 0.05-0.15% chloride ion by mass, 38-40% organic matter, 25-30% water, and the rest are inorganic nutrients. The organic matter includes livestock and poultry manure and mushroom residue.

6. The soil conditioner for improving the soil fertility of newly reclaimed land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blended fertilizer contains 18-24% nitrogen, 8-12% phosphorus pentoxide and 14-16% potassium oxide, 15-30% chloride ions, and the rest are carbon-containing organic impurities.

7. A soil conditioner for improving the soil quality of newly reclaimed land according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Application of the soil conditioner as a basal fertilizer on the surface of newly reclaimed soil; The thickness of the surface layer of the newly reclaimed land soil is between 0 and 20 cm; The soil of the newly reclaimed land is newly reclaimed land where acidic purple sandstone is developed.

Images