Laser cladding nozzle and laser cladding device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of laser cladding, and discloses a laser cladding nozzle and a laser cladding device. Comprising a main body assembly and a plurality of powder feeding assemblies, a laser channel is formed in the axis position of the main body assembly in a penetrating mode, the main body assembly is obliquely provided with a plurality of containing grooves in the circumferential direction of the laser channel, and the powder feeding assemblies are arranged in the containing grooves in a one-to-one correspondence mode; the first powder feeding pipe is contained in the containing groove, a first connector is arranged at one end of the second powder feeding pipe, the first connector is partially inserted into the containing groove so that the first powder feeding pipe can be communicated with the second powder feeding pipe, and powder enters from the other end of the second powder feeding pipe and is sprayed out from the first powder feeding pipe. The first powder feeding pipes of the multiple powder feeding assemblies can spray out powder at the same time and intersect on the axis of the main body assembly to form powder spots, and the first powder feeding pipes are made of glass. And the first powder feeding pipe is a glass pipe, so that the inner wall of the first powder feeding pipe is smooth, powder discharging is facilitated, and the laser cladding quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding, and in particular to a laser cladding nozzle and a laser cladding device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of metal material surface modification technology, laser cladding technology is becoming more and more widely used in industrial production. Laser cladding technology uses high-energy laser beams as heat sources to melt metal powder materials onto the surface of parts to prepare high-performance protective coatings, improve the surface hardness of materials, and improve wear resistance, corrosion resistance, oxidation resistance, high temperature resistance and other properties, thereby improving the service life of parts, production efficiency and product quality.

[0003] The laser cladding nozzle in the prior art usually directly opens a channel on the nozzle body as a powder feeding channel, the powder feeding channel is connected to the powder feeding pipe, the powder enters the powder feeding channel through the powder feeding pipe, and then is sprayed out from the outlet of the powder feeding channel. However, since the inner wall of the powder feeding channel is not smooth, the powder discharge is not smooth. For nozzles with multiple powder feeding channels, it will also affect the convergence of the powder, thereby affecting the quality of subsequent cladding.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a laser cladding nozzle and a laser cladding device to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a.

[0006] To achieve this object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] Laser cladding nozzle, including:

[0008] A main body component, wherein a laser channel is provided through the axial center of the main body component, and a plurality of accommodating grooves are provided in an inclined manner around the circumference of the laser channel;

[0009] A plurality of powder feeding assemblies are arranged at circumferential intervals around the laser channel and correspond one-to-one to the plurality of the receiving grooves. The powder feeding assemblies include a first powder feeding tube and a second powder feeding tube. The first powder feeding tube is received in the receiving groove. A first joint is provided at one end of the second powder feeding tube. The first joint portion is inserted into the receiving groove so that the first powder feeding tube is connected with the second powder feeding tube. Powder enters from the other end of the second powder feeding tube and is sprayed out from the first powder feeding tube. The first powder feeding tubes of the plurality of powder feeding assemblies can spray powder at the same time and converge into a powder spot on the axis line of the main assembly. The first powder feeding tube is made of glass.

[0010] Preferably, the laser cladding nozzle comprises a protective member, and the protective member is sleeved on the outer wall of the first powder feeding pipe.

[0011] Preferably, a second joint is provided at the other end of the second powder delivery pipe, and the powder conveying device is connected to the second powder delivery pipe via the second joint.

[0012] Preferably, the main body component includes an inner core and an outer shell body sleeved outside the inner core, the inner core and the outer shell body are coaxially arranged, a cooling channel is provided between the inner core and the outer shell body, and a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are opened on the outer shell body, and the coolant flows into the cooling channel from the liquid inlet and flows out through the liquid outlet.

[0013] Preferably, the cooling channel is a spiral channel.

[0014] Preferably, it comprises a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe, wherein one end of the liquid inlet pipe is inserted in the liquid inlet and the other end is provided with a third joint, and one end of the liquid outlet pipe is inserted in the liquid outlet and the other end is provided with a fourth joint.

[0015] Preferably, a fastener is included, and the fastener is configured to fixedly connect the inner core and the outer shell.

[0016] Preferably, the distance L between the powder spot and the exit end face of the laser channel is 20 mm to 22 mm.

[0017] Preferably, the second powder delivery pipe is made of stainless steel.

[0018] The laser cladding device comprises the above-mentioned laser cladding nozzle and a device body, wherein the device body is connected to a laser generator, and the laser generator is connected to the laser cladding nozzle.

[0019] Beneficial effects:

[0020] This laser cladding nozzle includes a main body component and a plurality of powder feeding components. A laser channel is provided through the axial position of the main body component, and a plurality of receiving grooves are provided on the main body component at an angle around the circumference of the laser channel. The plurality of powder feeding components are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the laser channel and correspond to the plurality of receiving grooves one by one. The powder feeding component includes a first powder feeding tube and a second powder feeding tube. The first powder feeding tube is accommodated in the receiving groove, and a first joint is provided at one end of the second powder feeding tube. The first joint part is inserted in the receiving groove so that the first powder feeding tube is connected with the second powder feeding tube. The powder enters from the other end of the second powder feeding tube and is ejected from the first powder feeding tube. The first powder feeding tubes of the plurality of powder feeding components can eject powder at the same time and intersect to form powder spots on the axial line of the main body component. At least the inner wall of the first powder feeding tube is made of glass.

[0021] During laser cladding, the powder first enters from the other end of the second powder feeding tube, flows to the first powder feeding tube, and finally ejects through the first powder feeding tube. Multiple first powder feeding tubes eject powder simultaneously and converge into powder spots on the axis of the main assembly. It can be understood that the shape and size of the powder spots correspond to the laser spot. The laser is emitted from the laser channel to the powder spots, and the powder spots melt under the action of the laser, and then combine with the substrate to form a cladding layer. By selecting glass as the inner wall material of the first powder feeding tube, the inner wall of the first powder feeding tube is ensured to be smooth, which is conducive to powder discharge, and the convergence of the powder is ensured, which helps to improve the quality of laser cladding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a laser cladding nozzle provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is one of the cross-sectional views of the laser cladding nozzle provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is the second cross-sectional view of the laser cladding nozzle provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a laser cladding nozzle provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the laser cladding nozzle provided in the third embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure:

[0028] 100. Powder;

[0029] 1. Main body assembly; 11. Laser channel; 12. Inner core; 13. Outer shell; 14. Cooling channel;

[0030] 2. Powder delivery assembly; 21. First powder delivery pipe; 22. Second powder delivery pipe; 221. First joint; 222. Second joint; 23. Protective member;

[0031] 3. Liquid inlet pipe; 31. Third joint;

[0032] 4. liquid outlet pipe; 41. fourth connector;

[0033] 5. Fasteners. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. It should also be noted that, for ease of description, only parts related to the present invention, rather than all structures, are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0035] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0037] In the description of this embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", etc., directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish in the description and have no special meaning.

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and through specific implementation methods.

[0039] Embodiment 1

[0040] The laser cladding nozzle in the prior art usually directly opens a channel on the nozzle body as a powder feeding channel, the powder feeding channel is connected to the powder feeding pipe, the powder enters the powder feeding channel through the powder feeding pipe, and then is sprayed out from the outlet of the powder feeding channel. However, since the inner wall of the powder feeding channel is not smooth, the powder discharge is not smooth. For nozzles with multiple powder feeding channels, it will also affect the convergence of the powder, thereby affecting the quality of subsequent cladding.

[0041] In order to solve the above problems, Figure 1 to Figure 3As shown, this embodiment provides a laser cladding nozzle. This laser cladding nozzle includes a main body component 1 and a plurality of powder feeding components 2. A laser channel 11 is provided through the axial position of the main body component 1, and a plurality of accommodating grooves are provided at the circumferential inclination of the main body component 1 around the laser channel 11. The plurality of powder feeding components 2 are arranged in the plurality of accommodating grooves in a one-to-one correspondence. The powder feeding component 2 includes a first powder feeding tube 21 and a second powder feeding tube 22. The first powder feeding tube 21 is accommodated in the accommodating groove, and a first joint 221 is provided at one end of the second powder feeding tube 22. The first joint 221 is partially inserted in the accommodating groove so that the first powder feeding tube 21 is connected with the second powder feeding tube 22. The powder 100 enters from the other end of the second powder feeding tube 22 and is ejected from the first powder feeding tube 21. The first powder feeding tubes 21 of the plurality of powder feeding components 2 can eject the powder 100 at the same time and converge into powder spots on the axial line of the main body component 1. The material of the first powder feeding tube 21 is glass.

[0042] During laser cladding, the powder 100 first enters from the other end of the second powder delivery tube 22, flows to the first powder delivery tube 21, and finally is ejected through the first powder delivery tube 21. Multiple first powder delivery tubes 21 eject powder 100 simultaneously and converge into powder spots on the axis of the main component 1. It can be understood that the shape and size of the powder spots correspond to the laser spot. The laser is emitted from the laser channel 11 onto the powder spots, and the powder spots melt under the action of the laser, and then combine with the substrate to form a cladding layer. By selecting the inner wall material of the first powder delivery tube 21 as glass, the inner wall of the first powder delivery tube 21 is ensured to be smooth, which is conducive to powder discharge, and the convergence of the powder 100 is ensured, which helps to improve the quality of laser cladding.

[0043] Among them, the caliber of the first powder delivery tube 21 is 0.8mm, 1.0mm, 1.5mm, etc., and the first powder delivery tube 21 of the corresponding caliber can be selected according to the cladding requirements. It can be understood that the smaller the caliber, the smaller the powder output. Specifically, the shape of the tube mouth of the first powder delivery tube 21 can be set to be circular or rectangular to adapt to different cladding requirements, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0044] It should be noted that if Figure 2 As shown, the diameter A at the outlet of the laser channel 11 is 6 mm to 10 mm. The specific value of A can be determined according to the cladding requirements, and this embodiment does not limit this. Specifically, while the laser is emitted from the outlet of the laser channel 11, a protective gas is also emitted from the laser channel 11 and blown to the molten pool to prevent the molten pool from oxidation and blackening, thereby ensuring the quality of the molten pool.

[0045] Preferably, if Figure 2As shown, the distance between the powder spot and the outlet end face of the laser channel 11 is L, and L is 20 mm to 22 mm. If the value of L is too small, the nozzle may be easily damaged by high temperature. If the value of L is too large, the powder 100 sprayed from the multiple first powder delivery pipes 21 may have poor convergence, resulting in low utilization of the powder 100 and reduced cladding quality. Setting the value of L between 20 mm and 22 mm can ensure that the nozzle is not easily damaged by high temperature and can also ensure the convergence of the powder 100.

[0046] In order to prevent the first powder feeding tube 21 made of glass from being burned out and causing powder discharge to be blocked due to high temperatures caused by unavoidable reasons such as workpiece reflection and light source heat radiation during laser cladding, please refer to Figure 2 In this embodiment, the outer wall of the first powder delivery pipe 21 is provided with a protective member 23, and the protective member 23 can reduce the risk of the first powder delivery pipe 21 melting and being damaged at high temperature.

[0047] Exemplarily, the protective member 23 can be a ceramic sleeve. The ceramic material has excellent high temperature resistance and good thermal stability. It is not easy to react chemically with glass and can effectively isolate high temperature to prevent the glass tube from melting. The protective member 23 can also be a sleeve made of a metal with low thermal conductivity to reduce heat transfer.

[0048] In addition, high temperature paint or coating may be applied to the outer wall of the first powder feeding pipe 21 to increase its high temperature resistance.

[0049] In this embodiment, the second powder delivery pipe 22 is made of stainless steel. Stainless steel has excellent corrosion resistance, can maintain the integrity of its structure and performance for a long time, and has a long service life. Stainless steel can withstand greater pressure and impact force and is not prone to deformation or rupture.

[0050] It should be noted that the material of the second powder delivery tube 22 may also be other metals or alloys, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0051] Preferably, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the other end of the second powder delivery pipe 22 is provided with a second joint 222, and the powder delivery device is connected to the second powder delivery pipe 22 through the second joint 222. The second joint 222 can conveniently connect the powder delivery pipe of the powder delivery device with the second powder delivery pipe 22, making the installation process simpler and faster. At the same time, when the second powder delivery pipe 22 needs to be repaired or replaced, it can also be easily disassembled, reducing maintenance costs and time. In addition, the second joint 222 can also ensure that the connection between the powder delivery pipe and the second powder delivery pipe 22 is tight and leak-free, preventing environmental pollution and other problems caused by leakage of powder 100 during powder delivery.

[0052] It is worth mentioning that the number of powder feeding assemblies 2 is determined according to the cladding requirements. The more powder feeding assemblies 2 there are, the more uniform the powder spots are, and the smoother the cladding layer obtained after cladding. Of course, the more powder feeding assemblies 2 there are, the greater the power required.

[0053] In this embodiment, the number of the powder feeding components 2 is 6.

[0054] Preferably, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the main body component 1 includes an inner core 12 and an outer shell 13 sleeved outside the inner core 12. The inner core 12 and the outer shell 13 are coaxially arranged. A cooling channel 14 is provided between the inner core 12 and the outer shell 13. A liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are provided on the outer shell 13. The coolant flows into the cooling channel 14 from the liquid inlet and flows out through the liquid outlet. The low-temperature coolant enters the cooling channel 14 from the liquid inlet, and the high-temperature coolant is discharged from the liquid outlet. When the low-temperature coolant flows in the cooling channel 14, it directly contacts the inner core 12 and the outer shell 13, taking away a large amount of heat, so that both the inner core 12 and the outer shell 13 can maintain a low temperature, extending the service life of both.

[0055] In this embodiment, the cooling channel 14 is a spiral channel. The design of the spiral channel allows the coolant to rotate in the channel, thereby increasing the contact area between the coolant and the inner core 12 and the outer shell 13, and improving the heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, within the effective space, the spiral structure can make the cooling channel 14 longer, that is, it can cool more area and improve the cooling effect.

[0056] In other embodiments, the cooling channel 14 may be a straight channel or a curved channel, and the shape of the cooling channel 14 may be designed according to actual needs, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0057] Preferably, if Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the laser cladding nozzle includes a liquid inlet pipe 3 and a liquid outlet pipe 4, one end of the liquid inlet pipe 3 is inserted in the liquid inlet and the other end is provided with a third joint 31, and one end of the liquid outlet pipe 4 is inserted in the liquid outlet and the other end is provided with a fourth joint 41. The coolant input pipe is connected to the liquid inlet pipe 3 through the third joint 31, and the coolant output pipe is connected to the liquid outlet pipe 4 through the fourth joint 41. The third joint 31 can ensure that the connection between the coolant input pipe and the liquid inlet pipe 3 is tight and leak-free, and the fourth joint 41 can ensure that the connection between the coolant output pipe and the liquid outlet pipe 4 is tight and leak-free, thereby preventing problems such as environmental pollution caused by coolant leakage.

[0058] For example, Figure 2As shown, the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet are opened on both sides of the outer shell 13, and the liquid inlet is higher than the liquid outlet. The coolant can flow to the liquid outlet more smoothly under the action of gravity, which helps to maintain the stable flow state of the coolant in the flow channel and improve the cooling effect. In order to avoid interference with the outer shell 13, the liquid inlet pipe 3 is inserted into the liquid inlet in an L shape.

[0059] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the laser cladding nozzle includes a fastener 5, which is configured to fix the inner core 12 and the outer shell 13. The inner core 12 and the outer shell 13 can be fixed as one by the fastener 5, and when one of the inner core 12 or the outer shell 13 needs to be maintained or replaced, the two can be separated by removing the fastener 5, thereby reducing the difficulty of maintenance and replacement cost.

[0060] In this embodiment, the fastener 5 is a screw, which passes through the inner core 12 and the outer shell 13 in sequence to fix the two. In order to make the connection more stable, a plurality of fasteners 5 are arranged at intervals around the circumference of the laser channel 11.

[0061] In other embodiments, the fastener 5 may also be a buckle, etc. It should be noted that in the prior art, any structure that can fix the inner core 12 and the outer shell 13 can be used as the fastener 5 in this embodiment, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0062] Embodiment 2

[0063] This embodiment provides a laser cladding nozzle. The specific structure of the laser cladding nozzle provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment. The specific structure of the laser cladding nozzle provided in this embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that the number of powder feeding components 2 is different.

[0064] In this embodiment, if Figure 4 As shown, the number of powder feeding components 2 is 3.

[0065] Embodiment 3

[0066] This embodiment provides a laser cladding nozzle. The specific structure of the laser cladding nozzle provided in this embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment. The specific structure of the laser cladding nozzle provided in this embodiment is different from that of the first embodiment in that the number of powder feeding components 2 is different.

[0067] In this embodiment, if Figure 5 As shown, the number of powder feeding components 2 is four.

[0068] Embodiment 4

[0069] This embodiment provides a laser cladding device, comprising the laser cladding nozzle and a device body provided in any one of the above embodiments, wherein the device body is connected to a laser generator, and the laser generator is connected to the laser cladding nozzle.

[0070] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various obvious changes, readjustments and substitutions can be made without departing from the protection scope of the present invention. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. Laser cladding nozzle, characterized in that: include: A main body component (1), wherein a laser channel (11) is provided through the axial center of the main body component (1), and a plurality of accommodating grooves are provided in an inclined manner around the circumference of the laser channel (11); A plurality of powder delivery components (2) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence in the plurality of the containing grooves, the powder delivery components (2) comprising a first powder delivery pipe (21) and a second powder delivery pipe (22), the first powder delivery pipe (21) being accommodated in the containing groove, one end of the second powder delivery pipe (22) being provided with a first joint (221), the first joint (221) being partially inserted in the containing groove so that the first powder delivery pipe (21) and the second powder delivery pipe (22) are connected, the powder (100) enters from the other end of the second powder delivery pipe (22) and is sprayed out from the first powder delivery pipe (21), the first powder delivery pipes (21) of the plurality of powder delivery components (2) can spray out the powder (100) at the same time and converge on the axis of the main component (1) to form a powder spot, the first powder delivery pipe (21) is made of glass.

2. The laser cladding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder delivery assembly (2) comprises a protective member (23), and the protective member (23) is sleeved on the outer wall of the first powder delivery pipe (21).

3. The laser cladding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The other end of the second powder delivery pipe (22) is provided with a second joint (222), and the powder conveying device is connected to the second powder delivery pipe (22) via the second joint (222).

4. The laser cladding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body component (1) comprises an inner core (12) and an outer shell (13) sleeved outside the inner core (12); the inner core (12) and the outer shell (13) are coaxially arranged; a cooling channel (14) is provided between the inner core (12) and the outer shell (13); a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are provided on the outer shell (13); coolant flows into the cooling channel (14) from the liquid inlet and flows out through the liquid outlet.

5. The laser cladding nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cooling channel (14) is a spiral channel.

6. The laser cladding nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: It comprises a liquid inlet pipe (3) and a liquid outlet pipe (4), wherein one end of the liquid inlet pipe (3) is inserted into the liquid inlet and the other end is provided with a third joint (31), and one end of the liquid outlet pipe (4) is inserted into the liquid outlet and the other end is provided with a fourth joint (41).

7. The laser cladding nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: It comprises a fastener (5), wherein the fastener (5) is configured to fixedly connect the inner core (12) and the outer shell (13).

8. The laser cladding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance L between the powder spot and the exit end face of the laser channel (11) is 20 mm to 22 mm.

9. The laser cladding nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second powder delivery pipe (22) is made of stainless steel.

10. Laser cladding device, characterized in that, It comprises the laser cladding nozzle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 and a device body, wherein the device body is connected to a laser generator, and the laser generator is connected to the laser cladding nozzle.

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