Fabricated floating ecological breakwater combined with artificial fish reef

Abstract

The invention provides an assembly type floating ecological breakwater combined with an artificial fish reef, the breakwater is mainly composed of a floating wave blocking structure, a mooring system and an anchoring structure combined with the artificial fish reef, a three-dimensional multi-layer wave blocking structure from the water surface to the water bottom is formed, and formation of a rich and stable ecological system is facilitated. The prefabricated structure is adopted, all the components can be transported to a designated sea area to be assembled and launched after being manufactured in a land prefabrication site, and the advantages of being convenient to construct, low in manufacturing cost, environmentally friendly and the like are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of breakwaters, and in particular to an assembled floating ecological breakwater combined with an artificial fish reef. Background Art

[0002] Breakwaters are important hydraulic structures that defend against wave invasion and form sheltered waters. Their main function is to ensure that there is a stable water area behind them and to defend against the invasion of waves on ports and coasts. The traditional design of breakwaters mainly focuses on the function of seawalls to resist natural disasters. The structure is monotonous and the materials used are single, while the original flora and fauna and natural landscapes are ignored, which is not conducive to biological habitats, affects the local ecological structure, and causes the breakwaters to lose their ecological benefits. With the continuous strengthening of marine ecological construction, the ecological function of breakwaters needs to be improved urgently. It is particularly important to seek an ecological seawall type that can both prevent tides and waves and meet the needs of ecological benefits.

[0003] The existing technology has structures such as combining breakwaters with aquaculture cages, covering twisted block face stones with planting, and combining submerged dikes with artificial fish reefs. Although these structures can increase the ecology of breakwaters to a certain extent, the resulting ecosystem structure is relatively simple and fragile, and there is a big gap compared with the original natural ecosystem. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an assembled floating ecological breakwater combined with an artificial fish reef to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] An assembled floating ecological breakwater combined with artificial fish reefs, comprising a floating wave-blocking structure, an anchoring structure combined with artificial fish reefs, and a mooring system, wherein a plurality of anchoring structures combined with artificial fish reefs are arranged below the bottom of the floating wave-blocking structure, and the floating wave-blocking structure and the plurality of anchoring structures combined with artificial fish reefs are connected through the mooring system;

[0007] The floating wave-breaking structure comprises a concrete pontoon and a wave-breaking board. The wave-breaking boards are arranged on both sides of the concrete pontoon. The wave-breaking boards are of reinforced concrete structure. The wave-facing and wave-removing surfaces of the wave-breaking boards are provided with circular wave-breaking holes. The outer wall of the concrete pontoon adopts a reinforced concrete structure. The interior of the concrete pontoon is filled with polystyrene foam. The wave-facing surfaces of the top and the bottom of the concrete pontoon are provided with wave-breaking walls. The groove area surrounded by the two wave-breaking walls is provided with a Binger cage. Emergent plants are planted inside the Binger cage. The bottom corners of the concrete pontoon are provided with first cable guide holes on both sides. The first cable guide holes are connected to the mooring system.

[0008] The anchoring structure combined with the artificial reef includes an upper artificial reef structure and a lower pile foundation. The artificial reef structure is divided into two layers, the upper layer includes two fish reef upper outer plates, a fish reef upper neutral plate, and fish reef upper water-permeable holes. The fish reef upper neutral plate is arranged in a vertical direction. The fish reef upper outer plates are inclinedly arranged on both sides of the top of the fish reef upper neutral plate. A plurality of fish reef upper water-permeable holes are opened through the surfaces of the two fish reef upper outer plates and the fish reef upper neutral plate.

[0009] The lower layer includes a fish reef lower layer panel, a horizontal partition, and a longitudinal partition. Several of the fish reef lower layer panels are spliced ​​into a square hexahedron structure. The other ends of the two fish reef upper layer outer panels are respectively connected to the two sides of the top of different square hexahedron structures. A horizontal partition is arranged along the horizontal plane in the middle of the inner part of the square hexahedron structure. Several longitudinal partitions are arranged in sequence along the transverse direction on the surface of the longitudinal partition. The top and bottom of the longitudinal partition are respectively connected to the top and bottom of the inner part of the square hexahedron structure. The front end and rear end of the longitudinal partition are respectively connected to the front end and rear end of the inner part of the square hexahedron structure. A pile foundation is arranged at the bottom center of the square hexahedron structure, and the pile foundation is inserted into the seabed.

[0010] A second cable guide hole is arranged at the top center of the anchoring structure combined with the artificial fishing reef, and the second cable guide hole is connected to the other side of the mooring system.

[0011] Preferably, the wave-breaking plate and the concrete pontoon are connected by a single pin connection structure, a single ear is provided at the four corners of the wave-receiving surface of the wave-breaking plate, and double ears are provided at the concrete pontoon corresponding to the single ear of the wave-breaking plate, and the single ear is inserted into the interior of the double ears and connected by a connecting pin.

[0012] Preferably, the concrete pontoon and the wave-breaking plates on both sides are combined to form a breakwater structural unit, and the breakwater structural units are connected by a single pin connection structure arranged on both sides of the concrete pontoon, and two ears are arranged at the upper ends of one side of the concrete pontoon, and single ears are arranged at the lower ends, and single ears are arranged at the upper ends of the other side of the concrete pontoon, and double ears are arranged at the lower ends. The single ear and double ears of the concrete pontoon on one side are inserted into the single ear and double ears on the other side of the other concrete pontoon and are connected by a connecting pin.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of square water-permeable holes for the lower layer of fish reefs are opened through the lower parts of the outer panel, horizontal partition and longitudinal partition, and a plurality of circular water-permeable holes for the lower layer of fish reefs are opened through the upper parts of the outer panel, horizontal partition and longitudinal partition.

[0014] Preferably, three circular water-permeable holes are arranged in sequence along the vertical direction in the lower layer of the fish reef.

[0015] Preferably, the mooring system is a steel chain or a high-strength fiber mooring rope, and seaweed attachment ropes are provided below the floating wave-breaking structure and above the anchoring structure combined with the artificial fishing reef. The seaweed attachment ropes are divided into vertical attachment ropes and transverse attachment ropes. The transverse attachment ropes are connected to the mooring system, and the vertical attachment ropes are connected between the upper and lower transverse attachment ropes.

[0016] Preferably, a connecting plate is provided on the outer side of the two outermost breakwater structural units, a floating ball is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting plate, and the first water inlet and outlet and the second water inlet and outlet are respectively connected to the two sides of the floating ball.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] The present invention proposes an assembled floating ecological breakwater combined with an artificial fish reef. By using a three-dimensional multi-level structural system from the water surface to the bottom of the water, it provides a larger habitat for more species of organisms while maintaining the normal function of the breakwater, thereby forming a richer and more stable ecosystem.

[0019] The present invention is a prefabricated floating ecological breakwater combined with an artificial reef. The invention adopts a prefabricated structure. All components can be manufactured in a prefabrication site on land and then transported to a designated sea area for assembly and launching. The size of the structural components can be adjusted according to the design requirements and the requirements of the prefabrication site. It has the advantages of easy transportation and installation, convenient dismantling, and reusability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is the overall effect diagram of the assembled floating ecological breakwater combined with artificial fish reefs of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the upper floating wave-blocking structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the anchoring structure combined with artificial reefs of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 A front view of an anchoring structure combined with an artificial reef according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 A side view of the anchoring structure of the present invention combined with an artificial reef;

[0025] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of an anchoring structure in combination with an artificial reef according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a single pin connection structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the floating wave-blocking structure and the buoy in the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. floating wave-breaking structure; 2. anchoring structure combined with artificial fishing reef; 3. mooring system; 4. seaweed attachment rope; 5. connecting plate; 6. first water inlet and outlet; 7. second water inlet and outlet; 8. buoy; 101. wave-breaking plate; 102. concrete pontoon; 103. wave-breaking wall; 104. single-pin connecting structure; 105. double ears; 106. single ear; 107. first cable guide hole; 108. water-permeable hole; 109. connecting pin; 201. upper outer plate of fish reef; 202. upper neutral plate of fish reef; 203. upper water-permeable hole of fish reef; 204. lower outer plate of fish reef; 205. circular water-permeable hole of fish reef; 206. square water-permeable hole of fish reef; 207. pile foundation; 208. second cable guide hole; 209. longitudinal partition; 210. horizontal partition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "vertical", "up", "down", "horizontal", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] See also Figure 1-8 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0033] An assembled floating ecological breakwater combined with artificial fish reefs comprises a floating wave-blocking structure 1, an anchoring structure 2 combined with artificial fish reefs, and a mooring system 3. A plurality of anchoring structures 2 combined with artificial fish reefs are arranged below the bottom of the floating wave-blocking structure 1. The floating wave-blocking structure 1 and the plurality of anchoring structures 2 combined with artificial fish reefs are connected through the mooring system 3.

[0034] The floating wave-breaking structure 1 includes a concrete pontoon 102 and a wave-breaking board 101. The wave-breaking boards 101 are arranged on both sides of the concrete pontoon 102. The wave-breaking boards 101 are reinforced concrete structures. The wave-facing surface and the wave-removing surface of the wave-breaking board 101 are provided with circular wave-breaking holes 108. The outer wall of the concrete pontoon 102 adopts a reinforced concrete structure. The concrete pontoon 102 is filled with polystyrene foam. Wave-breaking walls 103 are arranged on the wave-facing surfaces of the top and sides of the concrete pontoon 102. Binger cages are arranged in the groove area surrounded by the two wave-breaking walls 103. Emergent plants are planted inside the Binger cages. First fairlead holes 107 are arranged on both sides of the bottom corners of the concrete pontoon 102. The first fairlead holes 107 are connected to the mooring system 3.

[0035] The anchoring structure 2 combined with the artificial reef includes an upper artificial reef structure and a lower pile foundation 207. The artificial reef structure is divided into two layers, the upper layer includes two fish reef upper outer plates 201, a fish reef upper neutral plate 202, and fish reef upper water-permeable holes 203. The fish reef upper neutral plate 202 is arranged in a vertical direction, and the fish reef upper outer plates 201 are inclinedly arranged on both sides of the top of the fish reef upper neutral plate 202. A plurality of fish reef upper water-permeable holes 203 are opened through the surfaces of the two fish reef upper outer plates 201 and the fish reef upper neutral plate 202. The size of the fish reef upper water-permeable holes 203 can be adjusted on land according to the characteristics of fish. The hollow structure has good water permeability, and the inclined wave-facing surface can form an upwelling flow well, thereby improving the vertical water flow exchange rate in the water area. A longer circulation area can be formed behind the reef body, which is conducive to the retention and habitat of fish, and the larger surface area also provides a better attachment base for the attachment of marine organisms.

[0036] The lower layer includes a fish reef lower layer panel 204, a horizontal partition 210, and a longitudinal partition 209. Several fish reef lower layer panels 204 are spliced ​​into a square hexahedron structure. The other ends of the two fish reef upper layer outer panels 201 are respectively connected to the two sides of the top of different square hexahedron structures. A horizontal partition 210 is arranged along the horizontal plane in the middle of the inner part of the square hexahedron structure. Several longitudinal partitions 209 are arranged in sequence along the horizontal direction on the surface of the longitudinal partition 209. The top and bottom of the longitudinal partition 209 are respectively connected to the top and bottom of the inner part of the square hexahedron structure. The front end and rear end of the longitudinal partition 209 are respectively connected to the front end and rear end of the inner part of the square hexahedron structure. A pile foundation 207 is arranged at the bottom center of the square hexahedron structure, and the pile foundation 207 is inserted into the seabed.

[0037] A second chock 208 is provided at the top center of the anchoring structure 2 combined with the artificial fishing reef, and the second chock 208 is connected to the other side of the mooring system 3 .

[0038] Furthermore, the wave-breaking plate 101 and the concrete pontoon 102 are connected by a single pin connection structure 104. A single ear 106 is provided at the four corners of the wave-receiving surface of the wave-breaking plate 101. The concrete pontoon 102 is provided with double ears 105 corresponding to the single ear 106 of the wave-breaking plate 101. The single ear 106 is inserted into the interior of the double ears 105 and connected by a connecting pin 109.

[0039] Furthermore, the concrete pontoon 102 and the wave-breaking plates 101 on both sides are combined to form a breakwater structural unit, and the breakwater structural units are connected by a single pin connection structure 104 arranged on both sides of the concrete pontoon 102. Two ears 105 are arranged at both ends of the upper part of one side of the concrete pontoon 102, and a single ear 106 is arranged at both ends of the lower part. Two ears 106 are arranged at both ends of the upper part of the other side of the concrete pontoon 102, and two ears 105 are arranged at both ends of the lower part. The single ear 106 and the double ears 105 of the concrete pontoon 102 on one side are inserted into the single ear 106 and the double ears 105 on the other side of the other concrete pontoon 102 and are connected by a connecting pin 109.

[0040] Furthermore, a plurality of square water-permeable holes 206 for the lower layer of fish reefs are provided below the outer panel 204, the horizontal partition 210 and the longitudinal partition 209, which help to prevent scouring. A plurality of circular water-permeable holes 205 for the lower layer of fish reefs are provided above the outer panel 204, the horizontal partition 210 and the longitudinal partition 209.

[0041] Furthermore, three circular water-permeable holes 205 in the lower layer of the fish reef are arranged in sequence along the vertical direction.

[0042] Specifically, the provision of the circular permeable holes 205 in the lower layer of the fish reef helps to form a turbulent and complex flow field near the reef body. The large surface area of ​​the lower reef body is conducive to the attachment of shellfish, while attracting reef-loving fish to inhabit and stay. The existence of the upper artificial fish reef can effectively prevent the scouring of the pile foundation 207 by the water flow, which is conducive to the stability of the anchoring.

[0043] Furthermore, the mooring system 3 is a steel chain or a high-strength fiber mooring rope, and a seaweed attachment rope 4 is arranged below the floating wave-breaking structure 1 and above the anchoring structure 2 combined with the artificial fishing reef. The seaweed attachment rope 4 is divided into a vertical attachment rope and a horizontal attachment rope. The horizontal attachment rope is connected to the mooring system 3, and the vertical attachment rope is connected between the upper and lower horizontal attachment ropes. After the assembled floating ecological breakwater is installed in place, various seaweed plants such as kelp and laver can be placed on the seaweed attachment rope 3. After the seaweed plants are successfully attached, they can not only slow down the water flow, but also provide bait for the organisms attracted by the fish reefs below.

[0044] Furthermore, a connecting plate 5 is provided on the outer side of the two outermost breakwater structural units, a floating ball 8 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting plate 5, and the first water inlet and outlet 6 and the second water inlet and outlet 7 are respectively connected to both sides of the floating ball 8.

[0045] Specifically, after the floating wave-blocking structure 1, the anchoring structure 2 combined with the artificial fish reef, the mooring system 3 and the seaweed attachment rope 4 are installed, the connecting plate 5 can be connected at the two outermost breakwater structural units through the single-pin connecting structure 104. A buoy 8 is arranged on the outer side of the connecting plate 5. In normal times, when the sea is calm, the buoy 8 is flat. When the waves are large, part of the waves will be driven into the first inlet and outlet 6 and the second inlet and outlet 7, and the seawater will enter the interior of the buoy 8, which will expand to a certain extent, thereby increasing the buoyancy of the entire device and allowing the device to remain stable under large waves.

[0046] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An assembled floating ecological breakwater combined with an artificial reef, comprising a floating wave-blocking structure (1), an anchoring structure combined with an artificial reef (2), and a mooring system (3), characterized in that: A plurality of anchoring structures (2) combined with artificial fishing reefs are arranged below the bottom of the floating wave-blocking structure (1), and the floating wave-blocking structure (1) and the plurality of anchoring structures (2) combined with artificial fishing reefs are connected via a mooring system (3); The floating wave-breaking structure (1) comprises a concrete pontoon (102) and a wave-breaking board (101). The wave-breaking boards (101) are arranged on both sides of the concrete pontoon (102). The wave-breaking boards (101) are of reinforced concrete structure. The wave-facing surface and the wave-removing surface of the wave-breaking board (101) are provided with circular wave-breaking holes (108). The outer wall of the concrete pontoon (102) is of reinforced concrete structure. The interior of the concrete pontoon (102) is filled with polystyrene foam. The wave-facing surfaces of the top and the bottom sides of the concrete pontoon (102) are provided with wave-breaking walls (103). A Binger cage is arranged in a groove area surrounded by the two wave-breaking walls (103). Emergent plants are planted inside the Binger cage. First cable guide holes (107) are arranged on both sides of the bottom corners of the concrete pontoon (102). The first cable guide holes (107) are connected to a mooring system (3). The anchoring structure (2) combined with the artificial fish reef comprises an upper artificial fish reef structure and a lower pile foundation (207); the artificial fish reef structure is divided into an upper and lower layer, the upper layer comprises two fish reef upper outer plates (201), a fish reef upper neutral plate (202), and fish reef upper water permeable holes (203); the fish reef upper neutral plate (202) is arranged in a vertical direction, the fish reef upper outer plates (201) are obliquely arranged on both sides of the top of the fish reef upper neutral plate (202), and a plurality of fish reef upper water permeable holes (203) are opened through the surfaces of the two fish reef upper outer plates (201) and the fish reef upper neutral plate (202); The lower layer comprises a fish reef lower layer panel (204), a horizontal partition (210), and a longitudinal partition (209), wherein a plurality of the fish reef lower layer panels (204) are spliced ​​into a square hexahedron structure, the other ends of the two fish reef upper layer outer panels (201) are respectively connected to the two sides of the top of different square hexahedron structures, a horizontal partition (210) is arranged in the middle of the inner part of the square hexahedron structure along a horizontal plane, a plurality of longitudinal partitions (209) are sequentially arranged on the surface of the longitudinal partition (209) along a transverse direction, the top and bottom of the longitudinal partition (209) are respectively connected to the top and bottom of the inner part of the square hexahedron structure, the front end and the rear end of the longitudinal partition (209) are respectively connected to the front end and the rear end of the inner part of the square hexahedron structure, and a pile foundation (207) is arranged at the bottom center of the square hexahedron structure, and the pile foundation (207) is inserted into the seabed; A second cable guide hole (208) is provided at the top center of the anchoring structure (2) combined with the artificial fishing reef, and the second cable guide hole (208) is connected to the other side of the mooring system (3).

2. The assembled floating ecological breakwater combined with artificial reefs according to claim 1 is characterized by: The wave-breaking board (101) and the concrete pontoon (102) are connected via a single pin connection structure (104); the wave-breaking board (101) is provided with single ears (106) at four corners of the wave-receiving surface; the concrete pontoon (102) is provided with double ears (105) corresponding to the single ear (106) of the wave-breaking board (101); the single ear (106) is inserted into the double ears (105) and connected via a connection pin (109).

3. The assembled floating ecological breakwater combined with artificial reefs according to claim 1 is characterized by: The concrete pontoon (102) and the wave-breaking plates (101) on both sides are combined to form a breakwater structural unit. The breakwater structural units are connected by single pin connection structures 104 arranged on both sides of the concrete pontoon (102). Two ears (105) are arranged at both ends of the upper part of one side of the concrete pontoon (102), and single ears (106) are arranged at both ends of the lower part. Two ears (106) are arranged at both ends of the upper part of the other side of the concrete pontoon (102), and two ears (105) are arranged at both ends of the lower part. The single ear (106) and the double ears (105) of the concrete pontoon (102) on one side are inserted into the single ear (106) and the double ears (105) on the other side of the other concrete pontoon (102) and are connected by a connecting pin (109).

4. The assembled floating ecological breakwater combined with artificial reefs according to claim 1 is characterized by: A plurality of square water-permeable holes (206) for the lower layer of fish reefs are provided through the lower parts of the outer panel (204), the horizontal partition (210) and the longitudinal partition (209), and a plurality of circular water-permeable holes (205) for the lower layer of fish reefs are provided through the upper parts of the outer panel (204), the horizontal partition (210) and the longitudinal partition (209).

5. The assembled floating ecological breakwater combined with artificial reefs according to claim 4 is characterized by: The fish reef lower layer circular water permeable holes (205) are arranged three in sequence along the vertical direction.

6. The assembled floating ecological breakwater combined with artificial reefs according to claim 1 is characterized by: The mooring system (3) is a steel chain or a high-strength fiber mooring rope. A seaweed attachment rope (4) is arranged below the floating wave-blocking structure (1) and above the anchoring structure (2) combined with the artificial fishing reef. The seaweed attachment rope (4) is divided into a vertical attachment rope and a horizontal attachment rope. The horizontal attachment rope is connected to the mooring system (3), and the vertical attachment rope is connected between the upper and lower horizontal attachment ropes.

7. The assembled floating ecological breakwater combined with artificial reefs according to claim 1 is characterized by: A connecting plate (5) is arranged on the outside of the two outermost breakwater structural units, a floating ball (8) is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting plate (5), and the two sides of the floating ball (8) are respectively connected to a first water inlet and outlet (6) and a second water inlet and outlet (7).

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