A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined heat and power hot water supply system

Abstract

This application relates to the technical field of optoelectronics, and in particular to a circulating solar PVT heat pump combined heat and power hot water supply system, which includes a water storage tank and a solar thermal panel connected by a heat pump unit. A plurality of solar thermal panels are provided and arranged in a rectangular array, and all the solar thermal panels together form a solar thermal unit; First winders are provided at the four corners of the solar thermal unit, and two first winders in the same row are connected to the same first moving trolley by a first steel wire rope; Second winders are installed on both first moving trolleys, and the two second winders are connected to the same second moving trolley by a second steel wire rope; A rotating seat and a driving unit are provided on the second moving trolley, and a dust suction unit, a flushing unit and a wiping unit are arranged in sequence on the rotating seat along the arrangement direction of the solar thermal panels in the same column. This application can ensure the normal combined heat and power function of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of optoelectronics, and particularly to a circulating solar PVT heat pump combined supply hot water system. Background Art

[0002] Solar photovoltaic / thermal (PVT) technology combines photovoltaics and solar thermal energy, enabling a higher utilization rate of solar energy. To save energy and reduce emissions, PVT heat pump systems are usually installed on the roofs of civil high-rise buildings.

[0003] Solar energy first irradiates the photovoltaic cells on the upper layer of the PVT collector, generating direct current. Then, the thermal energy of the solar energy is absorbed by the heat transfer fluid in the heat absorption plate on the lower layer of the PVT collector. The heat transfer fluid will carry away the heat through its own flow for use by the heat pump unit. The heat pump unit will cooperate with the water storage tank to achieve the combined supply of power generation, heating, refrigeration, and hot water.

[0004] In cities with poor environmental governance, and there are construction sites or low vegetation density around civil buildings, there are often more dust particles floating in the air. When the heat and light panel composed of photovoltaic cells and heat absorption plates is exposed on the roof for a long time, more dust will accumulate on its surface, reducing the power generation and heat absorption efficiency of the heat and light panel, and thus affecting the combined supply function of the system. If it is cleaned specially by personnel, it will be time-consuming and laborious, so it needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to ensure the normal combined supply function of the system, the present application provides a circulating solar PVT heat pump combined supply hot water system.

[0006] A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined supply hot water system provided by the present application adopts the following technical solution: A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined supply hot water system includes a water storage tank and a heat and light panel connected through a heat pump unit. There are multiple heat and light panels arranged in a rectangular array, and all the heat and light panels together form a heat and light unit;

[0007] At the four corners of the heat and light unit, there are first winding machines. Two first winding machines in the same row are connected to the same first moving trolley through a first steel wire rope, and the first winding machine can drive the first moving trolley to move to any column of heat and light panels;

[0008] On both first moving trolleys, there are second winding machines. The two second winding machines are connected to the same second moving trolley through a second steel wire rope, and the second winding machine can drive the second moving trolley to move to any row of heat and light panels;

[0009] On the second moving trolley, there is a rotating seat located above the solar heat plate and a driving unit for driving the rotating seat to rotate on the plane where the upper surface of the solar heat plate is located. On the rotating seat, there are arranged a dust suction unit, a flushing unit and a wiping unit in sequence along the arrangement direction of the solar heat plates in the same column. The dust suction unit is used to suck the dust on the upper surface of the solar heat plate, the flushing unit is used to flush the upper surface of the solar heat plate, and the wiping unit is used to wipe the upper surface of the solar heat plate.

[0010] Optionally, two limiting plates are installed on the rotating seat, and the arrangement direction of the two limiting plates is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the solar heat plates in the same column;

[0011] When the rotating seat moves directly above the solar heat plate, the two limiting plates will jointly clamp the solar heat plate.

[0012] Optionally, the dust suction unit includes a vacuum cleaner installed on the second moving trolley. The vacuum cleaner is connected with a dust suction hood through a first hose. The dust suction hood is installed on the rotating seat and faces the upper surface of the solar heat plate;

[0013] A brush roller is rotatably connected inside the dust suction hood. During rotation, the brush roller will clean the upper surface of the solar heat plate;

[0014] A first motor is installed on the dust suction hood, and the output shaft of the first motor is coaxially connected to the brush roller.

[0015] Optionally, the flushing unit includes a high-pressure air pump, a water tank and a water pump installed on the second moving trolley. The water pump communicates with the inside of the water tank and is connected with a spray nozzle through a second hose. The spray nozzle is installed on the rotating seat and faces the upper surface of the solar heat plate;

[0016] The high-pressure air pump communicates with the second hose through a third hose, and the high-pressure air pump is connected with a jet nozzle through a fourth hose. The jet nozzle is installed on the rotating seat and faces the upper surface of the solar heat plate. The jet nozzle is located between the spray nozzle and the wiping unit.

[0017] Optionally, the wiping unit includes a second motor, two rotating rollers and two pressure rollers. The second motor is installed on the rotating seat, and the output shaft of the second motor is coaxially connected to one of the rotating rollers;

[0018] The arrangement direction of the two rotating rollers is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the solar heat plates in the same column. The two rotating rollers are both rotatably connected to the rotating seat around their own axes and jointly wind the same belt. A water absorbent cloth is installed on the surface of the belt. During movement, the belt will drive the water absorbent cloth to wipe the surface of the solar heat plate;

[0019] The pressure rollers correspond to the rotating rollers one by one and jointly clamp the water absorbent cloth and the belt. The pressure rollers are located obliquely above the solar heat plate, and the solar heat plate is located between the two pressure rollers.

[0020] Optionally, the rotating seat is rotatably connected to the second moving trolley through a rotating shaft. A magnet is installed on the rotating seat, and an iron block is installed on the second moving trolley;

[0021] When the dust suction unit, the flushing unit, and the wiping unit are arranged in sequence along the arrangement direction of the heat collecting plates in the same column, the magnet will adsorb and fix the iron block;

[0022] The driving unit includes a gear and two racks. The gear is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft. The two racks are respectively connected to the two first moving trolleys through elastic telescopic rods. A locking member for locking and fixing the rack is provided on the first moving trolley;

[0023] When the locking member locks and fixes the rack, the second moving trolley can drive the gear to rotate at least 180° on the rack through the rotating shaft;

[0024] When the locking of the rack by the locking member is cancelled, the elastic telescopic rod will drive the rack to move out of the movement path of the gear.

[0025] Optionally, the locking member is a locking frame, and the locking frame is connected to the first moving trolley through a spring;

[0026] A locking groove is provided on the rack. When the spring is in a natural state, the locking frame can be inserted into the locking groove so that the rack is locked and fixed;

[0027] A pressure ring is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft. In the process of the second moving trolley approaching the first moving trolley, the rotation directions of the gear on the two racks are opposite, and when the gear rotates 180° on the rack, the pressure ring will push the locking frame to move out of the locking groove.

[0028] Optionally, two push plates are installed on the rotating seat. The push plates correspond to the racks one by one. The two racks are on different horizontal planes, and the movement paths of the two push plates are also on different planes;

[0029] In the process of the second moving trolley approaching the first moving trolley, the push plate will push the rack to move until the locking frame is inserted into the locking groove, and then the push plate will disengage from the rack, and the gear will mesh with the rack.

[0030] Optionally, the heat collecting plate is inclined and faces due south, and the included angle between the heat collecting plate and the ground is 20° to 45°.

[0031] Optionally, it further includes a control panel. A contact sensor and an infrared sensor are installed on the first moving trolley. The contact sensor, the infrared sensor, the drive motor in the first rewinder, and the drive motor in the second rewinder are all coupled to the control panel;

[0032] When the pressing ring pushes the locking frame out of the locking groove, the pressing ring will abut against the contact sensor, and the contact sensor will transmit a reverse signal to the control panel. The control panel will control the drive motors in the two second winding machines to reverse synchronously, causing the second moving trolley to move in the reverse direction. The control panel will also control the drive motors in the four first winding machines to start synchronously, causing the first moving trolley to move;

[0033] When the infrared sensor detects an object within the specified range, the infrared sensor will transmit a stop signal to the control panel. The control panel will control the drive motors in the four first winding machines to turn off synchronously, causing the first moving trolley to stop at the next row of heat collecting plates.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] 1. Through the cooperation of the first winding machine and the second winding machine, the second moving trolley can be moved to any heat collecting plate, so that the dust suction unit, the flushing unit and the wiping unit can sequentially clean the upper surface of the heat collecting plate;

[0036] 2. The setting of the limiting plate and the cooperation of the magnet and the iron block make the rotating seat stable on the second moving trolley and the heat collecting plate, so as to ensure the cleaning effect on the upper surface of the heat collecting plate;

[0037] 3. After a row of heat collecting plates is cleaned, the second moving trolley will move to the first moving trolley, causing the rotating seat to automatically rotate 180°, so as to ensure that the dust suction unit, the flushing unit and the wiping unit can sequentially clean the upper surface of the heat collecting plate. Description of the Drawings

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the heating mode system cycle of the heat pump unit in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the heating mode system cycle of the heat pump unit in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0040] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat pump unit in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0041] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structures of the heat collecting plate, the first moving trolley and the second moving trolley in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0042] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second moving trolley in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0043] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the upper side of the rotating seat in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0044] Figure 7It is a schematic structural diagram of the lower side of the rotating seat in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0045] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second moving trolley and the rotating seat in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0046] Figure 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of a row of solar thermal panels in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0047] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first moving trolley and the second moving trolley in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0048] Figure 11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first moving trolley and the solar thermal panel in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0049] Figure 12 It is a schematic structural diagram of the driving unit in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0050] Figure 13 It is a schematic structural diagram of the rotating seat and the driving unit in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

[0051] Figure 14 It is a schematic structural diagram of the PVT module (ethylene glycol medium) in Embodiment 3 of the present application;

[0052] Figure 15 It is a schematic structural diagram of the PVT module (Freon medium) in Embodiment 3 of the present application;

[0053] Figure 16 It is a schematic diagram of the Freon system in Embodiment 3 of the present application;

[0054] Figure 17 It is a schematic diagram of the ethylene glycol system in Embodiment 3 of the present application.

[0055] Reference numerals: 1, heat pump unit; 11, compressor; 12, first heat exchanger; 13, second heat exchanger; 14, liquid storage tank; 15, filter; 16, expansion valve; 17, electric reversing valve; 2, water storage tank; 3, solar thermal panel; 4, first rewinder; 41, first steel wire rope; 5, first mobile trolley; 6, second rewinder; 61, second steel wire rope; 7, second mobile trolley; 71, iron block; 8, rotating seat; 81, dust suction unit; 811, vacuum cleaner; 812, first hose; 813, dust suction hood; 814, brush roller; 815, first motor; 82, flushing unit; 821, high-pressure air pump; 822, water tank; 823, water pump; 824, second hose; 825, spray nozzle; 826, third hose; 827, fourth hose; 828, air jet nozzle; 83, wiping unit; 831, second motor; 832, rotating roller; 833, pressure roller; 834, belt; 835, water absorbent cloth; 84, limiting plate; 85, rotating shaft; 851, pressing ring; 86, driving unit; 861, gear; 862, rack; 863, elastic telescopic rod; 864, locking frame; 865, spring; 866, locking groove; 87, magnet; 88, push plate; 9, control panel; 91, contact sensor; 92, infrared sensor. Detailed implementation manners

[0056] The preferred implementation manners of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these implementation manners are only used to explain the technical principle of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0057] The following will Figure 1-17 further elaborate on this application.

[0058] Embodiment 1

[0059] An embodiment of the present application discloses a circulating solar PVT heat pump combined heat and power hot water supply system. As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, during the day with strong solar radiation intensity in winter, summer, and the transitional seasons, the system can operate in the combined heat and power supply mode. At this time, the PVT heat collector panel serves as the evaporator of the PVT heat pump system to absorb heat. The heat absorbed mainly includes solar radiation energy, the heat conducted from the photovoltaic module itself to the heat exchange panel, and the natural convection heat exchange between the heat exchange panel and the air. The refrigerant in the PVT heat pump system is discharged from the compressor and passes through the four-way reversing valve to be connected to the inlet of the high-efficiency heat exchanger in the heat storage water tank, which serves as the condenser of the heat pump system. After passing through the refrigerant check valve group at the outlet, it is successively connected to the liquid storage tank, the dryer filter, and the electronic expansion valve, and then connected to the inlet of the PVT heat collector panel, which serves as the evaporator of the PVT heat pump system. The liquid refrigerant absorbs heat and evaporates in the PVT heat collector panel, and its volume gradually expands. The refrigerant flow channels also gradually branch along the pipeline, splitting from two pipes to multiple pipes, flowing out from the outlet, passing through the four-way reversing valve and the vapor-liquid separator, and then connected to the compressor suction port to form a closed heat pump system heating cycle. The inlet and outlet of the high-efficiency heat exchanger built in the heat storage water tank are respectively controlled by two refrigerant solenoid valves.

[0060] During the night in summer and the transitional seasons with a cooling demand, as well as during the day with low solar radiation intensity on rainy days, the system can operate in the refrigeration mode. The PVT heat collector panel serves as the condenser of the heat pump system to release heat. The heat exchange energy sources mainly include the long-wave cold radiation energy from the sky and the natural convection heat exchange between the heat exchange panel and the air. The refrigerant at the outlet of the high-efficiency heat exchange coil in the ice storage tank, which serves as the evaporator of the heat pump system, enters the compressor discharge through the four-way reversing valve and the vapor-liquid separator, and then is connected to the inlet of the PVT heat collector panel, which serves as the condenser of the PVT heat pump system. The gaseous refrigerant releases heat and condenses in the PVT heat collector panel, changing from gaseous to liquid state, and its volume gradually shrinks. The refrigerant flow channels also converge from multiple pipes to two pipes along the pipeline, and finally flow out from the outlet. After passing through the refrigerant check valve group, it is successively connected to the liquid storage tank, the dryer filter, and the electronic expansion valve, and then enters the inlet of the high-efficiency heat exchange coil in the ice storage tank. The inlet and outlet of the high-efficiency heat exchange coil in the ice storage tank are respectively controlled by two refrigerant solenoid valves.

[0061] The heat pump cycle takes away the heat generated by the photovoltaic module during power generation, achieving the effect of cooling the photovoltaic cells, thus significantly improving the power generation and power generation efficiency of the system. The two systems promote each other. Moreover, the entire system can achieve self-sufficiency in electric energy, and the power generation during the day is sufficient to supply the power consumption equipment in the system for the whole day.

[0062] This system integrates multiple functions such as heating, cooling, and power generation. The system equipment is simple in composition, has a high utilization rate of all-weather operating equipment, remarkable energy-saving effects, can maximize the energy utilization rate, realize high-efficiency energy storage, reduce energy losses, and at the same time meet different energy consumption needs, achieving multi-purpose in one machine and time-sharing combined heat, power, and cooling supply. It is a green, energy-saving, and environmentally friendly composite energy system with a wide range of applications and great promotion value.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] As Figure 3 shown, a cyclic solar PVT heat pump combined heat and power hot water supply system includes a water storage tank 2 and a solar thermal panel 3 connected by a heat pump unit 1. The solar thermal panel 3 receives sunlight irradiation and generates direct current, meeting the power generation requirement.

[0065] The heat pump unit 1 is a heat pump unit 1 with refrigeration and heating functions composed of a compressor 11, a first heat exchanger 12, a second heat exchanger 13, a liquid storage tank 14, a filter 15, an expansion valve 16 and an electric reversing valve 17. The electric reversing valve 17 controls the switching of the refrigeration and heating modes of the heat pump unit 1. The liquid storage tank 14 stores a refrigerant medium. The first heat exchanger 12 is arranged in the water storage tank 2, and the second heat exchanger 13 is installed indoors. The compressor 11, the first heat exchanger 12, the liquid storage tank 14, the filter 15, the expansion valve 16 and the second heat exchanger 13 are connected in sequence to form a circulating loop. The compressor 11, the first heat exchanger 12 and the second heat exchanger 13 are also connected through the electric reversing valve 17.

[0066] In summer for cooling, the liquid refrigerant medium first absorbs heat from the air in the second heat exchanger 13 and evaporates to form steam, then is compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas by the compressor 11 and enters the first heat exchanger 12 in the water storage tank 2 to condense into liquid. The heat in the gas is transferred to the water to be heated. The liquid refrigerant medium returns to the second heat exchanger 13 after being depressurized and expanded by the expansion valve 16, absorbs heat and evaporates to complete a cycle; repeating this process, the heat in the room is gradually output to the water being heated, heating the water in the water storage tank 2 to a predetermined temperature, meeting the requirements of hot water and refrigeration.

[0067] In winter for heating, the liquid refrigerant medium vaporizes in the first heat exchanger 12 in the water storage tank 2. The low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant medium is compressed by the compressor 11 to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gas and enters the second heat exchanger 13. Since the temperature of the refrigerant medium is higher than the indoor air temperature, the refrigerant medium transfers heat to the air, and the gaseous refrigerant medium condenses into a high-pressure liquid. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant medium enters the first heat exchanger 12 after throttling by the expansion valve 16, and the low-pressure liquid refrigerant medium vaporizes again to complete a cycle; repeating this process, the heat of the water in the water storage tank 2 is gradually output to the indoor air, meeting the heating requirement.

[0068] In summary, the present application can achieve combined heat and power supply of power generation, heating, refrigeration and hot water.

[0069] As Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, there are multiple solar thermal panels 3 arranged in a rectangular array. The solar thermal panels 3 are inclined and face due south. Since most of the sunlight comes from the south, the photovoltaic panels in the due south direction are irradiated by the sun for the longest time, thus making full use of solar energy.

[0070] It should be noted that in the Northern Hemisphere, the solar thermal panels 3 facing 20 degrees southwest can ensure good lighting in different seasons. This is because the Earth's axis of rotation 85 and the orbital plane of revolution are not perpendicular, resulting in different solar angles in different seasons.

[0071] In this embodiment, the included angle between the solar thermal panels 3 and the ground is 20° to 45°. The installation angle of the photovoltaic panels is affected by factors such as latitude and season. In the Northern Hemisphere, the optimal installation angle of the solar thermal panels 3 is approximately between 30 degrees and 40 degrees because the altitude angle of the sun in the Northern Hemisphere is relatively low.

[0072] As Figure 5 shown, all the solar thermal panels 3 together form a solar thermal unit. At the four corners of the solar thermal unit, there are first winding machines 4. Two first winding machines 4 in the same row are connected to the same first moving trolley 5 through a first steel wire rope 41. By respectively winding and unwinding the first steel wire rope 41 by the two first winding machines 4 in the same row, the first moving trolley 5 can be moved to any column of the solar thermal panels 3.

[0073] On both of the two first moving trolleys 5, there are second winding machines 6. The two second winding machines 6 are connected to the same second moving trolley 7 through a second steel wire rope 61. By respectively winding and unwinding the second steel wire rope 61 by the two second winding machines 6, the second moving trolley 7 can be moved to any row of the solar thermal panels 3.

[0074] Therefore, through the cooperation of the first winding machine 4 and the second winding machine 6, the second moving trolley 7 can be moved to any one of the solar thermal panels 3.

[0075] It should be noted that a power supply for powering the first winding machine 4 can be installed on the roof, and a power supply for powering the second winding machine 6 can be installed on the first moving trolley 5.

[0076] As Figures 5 to 7 shown, on the second moving trolley 7, there is a rotating seat 8 located above the solar thermal panel 3. On the rotating seat 8, there are a dust suction unit 81, a flushing unit 82, and a wiping unit 83 arranged in sequence along the arrangement direction of the solar thermal panels 3 in the same column. When the second moving trolley 7 drives the rotating seat 8 to pass by each solar thermal panel 3 in the same column in sequence, the dust suction unit 81 will suck the dust on the upper surface of the solar thermal panel 3, the flushing unit 82 will flush the upper surface of the solar thermal panel 3, and the wiping unit 83 will wipe the upper surface of the solar thermal panel 3, realizing the cleaning of the upper surface of the solar thermal panel 3.

[0077] Two limiting plates 84 are installed on the rotating seat 8, and the arrangement direction of the two limiting plates 84 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the solar thermal plates 3 in the same column. When the rotating seat 8 moves directly above the solar thermal plate 3, the two limiting plates 84 will jointly clamp the solar thermal plate 3, making it difficult for the rotating seat 8 to shake relative to the solar thermal plate 3, so as to ensure the cleaning effect of the dust suction unit 81, the flushing unit 82 and the wiping unit 83 on the solar thermal plate 3.

[0078] The dust suction unit 81 includes a vacuum cleaner 811 installed on the second moving trolley 7. The vacuum cleaner 811 is connected with a dust suction hood 813 through a first hose 812. The dust suction hood 813 is installed on the rotating seat 8 and faces the upper surface of the solar thermal plate 3; a brush roller 814 is rotatably connected in the dust suction hood 813, and a first motor 815 is installed on the dust suction hood 813. The output shaft of the first motor 815 is coaxially connected to the brush roller 814.

[0079] The first motor 815 can drive the brush roller 814 to rotate, so that the brush roller 814 sweeps the dust on the upper surface of the solar thermal plate 3, realizing the primary cleaning of the solar thermal plate 3; under the action of the vacuum cleaner 811, the swept dust will enter the vacuum cleaner 811 through the dust suction hood 813 and the first hose 812, realizing the secondary cleaning of the solar thermal plate 3.

[0080] The flushing unit 82 includes a high-pressure air pump 821, a water tank 822 and a water pump 823 installed on the second moving trolley 7. The water pump 823 communicates with the inside of the water tank 822 and is connected with a spray nozzle 825 through a second hose 824. The spray nozzle 825 is installed on the rotating seat 8 and faces the upper surface of the solar thermal plate 3; the high-pressure air pump 821 communicates with the second hose 824 through a third hose 826, and the high-pressure air pump 821 is connected with an air jet nozzle 828 through a fourth hose 827. The air jet nozzle 828 is installed on the rotating seat 8 and faces the upper surface of the solar thermal plate 3, and the air jet nozzle 828 is located between the spray nozzle 825 and the wiping unit 83.

[0081] The water pump 823 can extract the water in the water tank 822 and introduce the water into the second hose 824. The high-pressure air pump 821 can inject high-pressure gas into the second hose 824 through the third hose 826. The high-pressure gas and water in the second hose 824 will collide with each other and form high-pressure water mist. The high-pressure water mist will be sprayed onto the upper surface of the solar thermal plate 3 through the spray nozzle 825, so that the residual dust on the solar thermal plate 3 is washed away, realizing the third cleaning of the solar thermal plate 3; the high-pressure air pump 821 can also inject high-pressure gas into the air jet nozzle 828 through the fourth hose 827. The high-pressure gas in the air jet nozzle 828 will be directly sprayed onto the upper surface of the solar thermal plate 3, so that the residual dust and residual water mist on the solar thermal plate 3 are blown away, realizing the fourth cleaning of the solar thermal plate 3.

[0082] The wiping unit 83 includes a second motor 831, two rotating rollers 832 and two pressing rollers 833. The arrangement direction of the two rotating rollers 832 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the heat collecting plates 3 in the same column. The same belt 834 is wound around the two rotating rollers 832, and a water-absorbing cloth 835 is installed on the surface of the belt 834. The water-absorbing cloth 835 on the belt 834 can wipe the residual dust and residual water mist on the upper surface of the heat collecting plate 3, achieving four times of cleaning of the heat collecting plate 3.

[0083] The second motor 831 is installed on the rotating seat 8. The output shaft of the second motor 831 is coaxially connected to one of the rotating rollers 832. Both of the two rotating rollers 832 are rotatably connected to the rotating seat 8 around their own axes. The pressing rollers 833 correspond to the rotating rollers 832 one by one and jointly clamp the water-absorbing cloth 835 and the belt 834. The pressing rollers 833 are located obliquely above the heat collecting plate 3, and the heat collecting plate 3 is located between the two pressing rollers 833.

[0084] The second motor 831 can drive one of the rotating rollers 832 to rotate, so that the belt 834 and the water-absorbing cloth 835 make a circular motion. The pressing rollers 833 will jointly squeeze the water-absorbing cloth 835 on the belt 834 with the rotating rollers 832, so that the water in the water-absorbing cloth 835 is squeezed out, ensuring that the water-absorbing cloth 835 can dry the upper surface of the heat collecting plate 3, and the squeezed water will directly fall on the roof, avoiding the sewage from soiling the upper surface of the heat collecting plate 3.

[0085] It should be noted that a power supply for powering the vacuum cleaner 811, the first motor 815, the high-pressure air pump 821, the water pump 823 and the second motor 831 can be installed on the second moving trolley 7.

[0086] As Figures 8 to 10 shown, the rotating seat 8 is rotatably connected to the second moving trolley 7 through a rotating shaft 85. A driving unit 86 for driving the rotating seat 8 to rotate on the plane where the upper surface of the heat collecting plate 3 is located is provided on the second moving trolley 7. The driving unit 86 includes a gear 861 and two racks 862. The gear 861 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 85, and the two racks 862 are respectively connected to the two first moving trolleys 5 through elastic telescopic rods 863.

[0087] A locking member for locking and fixing the rack 862 is provided on the first moving trolley 5. When the locking member locks and fixes the rack 862, the second moving trolley 7 can drive the gear 861 to rotate on the rack 862 by at least 180° through the rotating shaft 85.

[0088] After the solar thermal panels 3 in a column are cleaned, the second moving trolley 7 will move to the first moving trolley 5. At this time, the locking member can lock and fix the rack 862. During the movement of the second moving trolley 7, the gear 861 can be driven by the rotating shaft 85 to rotate 180° on the rack 862, so that the dust suction unit 81, the flushing unit 82 and the wiping unit 83 change positions, so that the second moving trolley 7 can sequentially perform dust suction, flushing and wiping on the solar thermal panels 3 in the next column during the reverse movement.

[0089] As Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, two magnets 87 are installed on the rotating seat 8, and two iron blocks 71 are installed on the second moving trolley 7. The magnets 87 and the iron blocks 71 correspond one by one. When the dust suction unit 81, the flushing unit 82 and the wiping unit 83 are arranged in sequence along the arrangement direction of the solar thermal panels 3 in the same column, the magnets 87 will adsorb and fix the iron blocks 71, so that the rotating seat 8 is kept stable on the second moving trolley 7 to ensure the cleaning effect on the upper surface of the solar thermal panels 3.

[0090] As Figures 11 to 13 shown, it is worth noting that the locking member is the locking frame 864, and the locking frame 864 is connected to the first moving trolley 5 through the spring 865; a locking groove 866 is provided on the rack 862. When the spring 865 is in the natural state, the locking frame 864 can be inserted into the locking groove 866, so that the rack 862 is locked and fixed.

[0091] A pressure ring 851 is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft 85. During the process of the second moving trolley 7 approaching the first moving trolley 5, the gear 861 will rotate on the locked rack 862 until the gear 861 rotates 180°. At this time, the pressure ring 851 will push the locking frame 864 to move out of the locking groove 866, and the rack 862 will no longer be locked and fixed. The elastic telescopic rod 863 will return to the natural state and urge the rack 862 to move away from the gear 861, so that the rack 862 is separated from the movement path of the gear 861. Therefore, when the second moving trolley 7 moves away from the first moving trolley 5 in the reverse direction, it will not cause the gear 861 to rotate on the rack 862, so that the second moving trolley 7 only rotates 180° each time it moves to the first moving trolley 5, so as to ensure that the dust suction unit 81, the flushing unit 82 and the wiping unit 83 can sequentially clean the upper surface of the solar thermal panels 3.

[0092] It is worth noting that the rotation directions of the gear 861 on the two racks 862 are opposite. Therefore, during the movement of the second moving trolley 7 between the two first moving trolleys 5, the gear 861 will first rotate 180° at one of the first moving trolleys 5 and then reverse 180° at the other first moving trolley 5, so that the first hose 812, the second hose 824, the third hose 826 and the fourth hose 827 are not easily damaged due to excessive twisting.

[0093] There are two push plates 88 installed on the rotating seat 8. The push plates 88 correspond to the racks 862 one by one. During the process of the second moving cart 7 approaching the first moving cart 5, the push plates 88 will push the racks 862 to move until the locking frame 864 is re-inserted into the locking slot 866. At this time, the racks 862 will be locked and fixed. Subsequently, the push plates 88 will disengage from the racks 862, and the gears 861 will mesh with the racks 862 so that the dust suction unit 81, the flushing unit 82, and the wiping unit 83 can change positions.

[0094] It should be noted that the two racks 862 are on different horizontal planes, and the movement paths of the two push plates 88 are also on different planes. Therefore, when one of the push plates 88 pushes the rack 862 to move, causing the dust suction unit 81, the flushing unit 82, and the wiping unit 83 to change positions, this push plate 88 will no longer be able to contact this rack 862 again, and the other push plate 88 will also not be able to contact this rack 862, so as to ensure that the second moving cart 7 can continue to clean the next row of solar thermal panels 3.

[0095] As Figure 4 and Figure 11 shown, it also includes a control panel 9. A contact sensor 91 and an infrared sensor 92 are installed on the first moving cart 5. The contact sensor 91, the infrared sensor 92, the drive motors in the first reel 4, and the drive motors in the second reel 6 are all coupled to the control panel 9.

[0096] The implementation principle of a cyclic solar PVT heat pump combined heat and power hot water supply system in an embodiment of the present application is as follows: During the cleaning process of the solar thermal panel 3, the first reel 4 will drive the first moving cart 5 to move to the first row of solar thermal panels 3, and the second reel 6 will drive the second moving cart 7 to pass by each solar thermal panel 3 in the first row in sequence.

[0097] The first motor 815 will drive the brush roller 814 to rotate to clean the dust on the upper surface of the solar thermal panel 3, and the swept dust will enter the vacuum cleaner 811 through the dust suction hood 813 and the first hose 812.

[0098] The water pump 823 will pump the water in the water tank 822 and introduce the water into the second hose 824. The high-pressure air pump 821 can spray high-pressure gas into the second hose 824 through the third hose 826. The high-pressure gas and water in the second hose 824 will collide with each other to form high-pressure water mist, and the high-pressure water mist will be sprayed onto the upper surface of the solar thermal panel 3 through the spray nozzle 825, so that the residual dust on the solar thermal panel 3 is washed away.

[0099] The high-pressure air pump 821 can also spray high-pressure gas into the air jet nozzle 828 through the fourth hose 827, and the high-pressure gas in the air jet nozzle 828 will be directly sprayed onto the upper surface of the solar thermal panel 3, so that the residual dust and residual water mist on the solar thermal panel 3 are blown away.

[0100] The water-absorbing cloth 835 on the belt 834 will wipe the residual dust and residual water mist on the upper surface of the photothermal plate 3. The second motor 831 will drive one of the rotating rollers 832 to rotate, causing the belt 834 and the water-absorbing cloth 835 to move in a circular motion. The pressure roller 833 will jointly squeeze the water-absorbing cloth 835 on the belt 834 with the rotating roller 832, so that the water in the water-absorbing cloth 835 is squeezed out. The squeezed water will directly fall on the roof, avoiding sewage from soiling the upper surface of the photothermal plate 3.

[0101] When the photothermal plates 3 in a row are cleaned, the second moving trolley 7 will move to the first moving trolley 5. The push plate 88 will push the rack 862 to move until the locking frame 864 is reinserted into the locking groove 866. Subsequently, the push plate 88 will disengage from the rack 862, and the gear 861 will engage with the rack 862 until the gear 861 and the rotating seat 8 rotate 180°. At this time, the pressure ring 851 will push the locking frame 864 to move out of the locking groove 866, and the elastic telescopic rod 863 will return to its natural state and cause the rack 862 to move away from the gear 861, so that the rack 862 is out of the movement path of the gear 861. At the same time, the pressure ring 851 will contact the contact sensor 91, and the contact sensor 91 will send a reverse signal to the control panel 9. The control panel 9 will control the drive motors in the two second winding machines 6 to reverse synchronously, causing the second moving trolley 7 to move in the reverse direction. The control panel 9 will also control the drive motors in the four first winding machines 4 to start synchronously, causing the first moving trolley 5 to move to the photothermal plates 3 in the next row.

[0102] When the infrared sensor 92 detects that there is an object within the specified range, it means that the first moving trolley 5 has moved to the photothermal plates 3 in the next row. At this time, the infrared sensor 92 will send a stop signal to the control panel 9. The control panel 9 will control the drive motors in the four first winding machines 4 to close synchronously, causing the first moving trolley 5 to stop. The second moving trolley 7 will continue to move and clean the photothermal plates 3 in the next row.

[0103] In summary, the present application can realize the automatic cleaning of the upper surface of the photothermal plate 3, ensure the power generation and heat absorption efficiency of the photothermal plate 3, and further ensure the normal combined supply function of the system.

[0104] Embodiment 3

[0105] As Figures 14 to 17 shown, a circulating solar PVT heat pump combined heat and power water heating system is composed of a photovoltaic-thermal PVT module combined with a heat pump, including a PVT power generation system and a water heating system. According to the different fluid working media in the PVT module, it is divided into two types: a Freon system and an ethylene glycol system.

[0106] Freon system:

[0107] (1) The PVT module mainly consists of a glass cover plate, EVA, a photovoltaic cell array, TPT, and an aluminum honeycomb channel blown plate.

[0108] (2) PVT power generation system: The basic device for photovoltaic-electric conversion is a solar cell. A solar cell is a device that directly converts solar light energy into electrical energy due to the photovoltaic effect. It is a semiconductor photodiode. When sunlight shines on the photodiode, the photodiode converts the solar light energy into electrical energy and generates an electric current. The direct current is converted into alternating current by an inverter and then provides electrical energy for the compressor and water supply pump via a power supply box. Or the electrical energy is stored in a lithium battery pack for use.

[0109] (3) Hot water heating system: A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined heat and power hot water supply system uses the PVT module directly as the evaporator of the heat pump unit. The refrigerant (Freon) acts as the heat collection medium, enters the PVT module to absorb the heat of solar radiation, then enters the compressor to become high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and then becomes low-temperature and high-pressure liquid through the condenser. During the heat release process in the condenser, the heat is transferred from the Freon pipeline to the water pipeline. All the hot water in the water pipeline flows into the constant temperature water tank. The water tank has two upper and lower pipes. The upper pipe is the hot water outlet pipe, and the lower pipe is the makeup water pipe. At this time, the liquefied refrigerant (Freon) flows out of the condenser under the action of a circulation pump and passes through the liquid receiver, dryer filter, and expansion valve in sequence, and returns to the PVT collector after throttling and pressure reduction, forming a circulation loop. The basic temperature of the water in the whole system is increased by the heat exchange effect. Under sunny and sufficient light conditions, the temperature of the water after elevation can reach about 55 degrees.

[0110] Ethylene glycol system:

[0111] (1) The PVT module mainly consists of a glass cover plate, EVA, a photovoltaic cell array, TPT, an aluminum honeycomb channel blown plate, galvanized square pipes, EPP insulation boards, etc.

[0112] The principle of the PVT power generation system is the same: The basic device for photovoltaic-electric conversion is a solar cell. A solar cell is a device that directly converts solar light energy into electrical energy due to the photovoltaic effect. It is a semiconductor photodiode. When sunlight shines on the photodiode, the photodiode converts the solar light energy into electrical energy and generates an electric current.

[0113] (3) Heating water system: A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined heat and power water heating system uses PVT modules directly as the collectors of the heat pump unit, and antifreeze (ethylene glycol) as the heat collection medium. The antifreeze enters the PVT module to absorb solar radiant energy, and then flows into the coil of the coil heat exchange and pressure-bearing water tank, where it exchanges heat with water in the tank. There are a total of 4 pipes on the water tank, which are, from top to bottom, the hot water outflow pipe, the antifreeze (ethylene glycol) outflow pipe, the antifreeze (ethylene glycol) inflow pipe, and the water makeup inflow pipe. The antifreeze that has changed to a liquid state during heat exchange in the coil returns to the aluminum honeycomb blown plate flow channel of the PVT module under the action of the circulation pump to form a circulation loop.

[0114] A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined heat and power water heating system is an energy utilization method that combines photovoltaic power generation and heat pump systems. It adopts the technical principle of advanced photovoltaic-thermal integrated modules (PVT modules), combines photovoltaic technology and solar thermal technology, reduces the working temperature of photovoltaic cells while extracting heat, realizes efficient solar thermoelectric combined supply, and improves the comprehensive utilization efficiency of solar photovoltaic and solar thermal energy. This system is not only more energy-efficient than traditional coal, gas, and electric heating, but also has a higher coefficient of performance compared with other heat pump forms. Moreover, its design is flexible and can be applied in different situations, which helps to optimize the energy utilization structure, reduce the user's investment cost, and shorten the investment payback period. Compared with various conventional energy supply forms in buildings, the PVT heat pump system is one of the important technical solutions for building energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0115] Example 4

[0116] To address climate change and reduce carbon dioxide emissions is the unified consensus reached by the entire human society. The total carbon emissions from the whole process of Chinese buildings account for 51.3% of the national carbon emissions, among which the carbon emissions during the building operation stage account for about 21.9% of the national carbon emissions. The carbon emissions during the building operation stage account for a relatively high proportion. The energy structure during the building operation stage is mainly for the demands of "heat, electricity, and cooling". It is necessary to vigorously develop a new type of building integrated energy supply system mainly based on renewable energy to reduce carbon emissions in the building field.

[0117] China is rich in solar energy resources. Areas with annual sunshine hours greater than 2000h account for more than 2 / 3 of the total national area. However, solar energy is affected by conditions such as rainy and cloudy weather, seasonality, and day and night, resulting in problems such as discontinuous and unstable energy output. The ground-source heat pump system uses the soil as the cold / heat source. Due to the small annual temperature fluctuation of the soil and its lag with respect to the atmospheric temperature, its coefficient of performance is higher than that of traditional air-source heat pump systems. It is an energy-efficient, pollution-free, and renewable building energy utilization form. However, in the severe cold and cold regions of northern China, due to the low outdoor temperature and long heating period, the heat load is much greater than the cold load. Over time, it will cause underground cold accumulation.

[0118] A photovoltaic system collects solar energy and converts it into electrical energy. Approximately 20% of the solar irradiance is converted into electrical energy, while the other approximately 80% is converted into heat energy or dissipated. Moreover, the temperature effect of photovoltaic modules is significant (for every 1°C increase in temperature, the power generation efficiency decreases by approximately 0.3%). When the waste heat generated by photovoltaic modules cannot be utilized, there will also be a problem of suppressing power generation. The solar photovoltaic-thermal module (PVT) converts solar energy into electrical energy while collecting some heat energy (waste heat). It can recover and utilize the excess heat energy (waste heat) during solar photovoltaic power generation, has a cooling effect on photovoltaic cells, and can improve the power generation efficiency and the lifespan of the module. The hot water temperature generated by PVT generally can reach 45°C, which can be used for building heating, domestic hot water, and can store heat across seasons for the ground source heat pump soil, achieving the optimal matching of building heat load, electrical load, and cooling load, and greatly reducing the cost of the building energy system.

[0119] The PVT heat pump technology has good operating performance COP. With a water outlet temperature of 45°C, the COP is close to 6.0, showing good operating economy.

[0120] The energy efficiency ratio (COP) of the heat pump technology is the ratio of the heat energy output to the electrical energy input. The higher this ratio, the higher the energy utilization efficiency of the heat pump. A COP value of 6.0 indicates that this heat pump technology can output heat energy six times that of the input electrical energy, making it highly efficient in energy conversion.

[0121] A water outlet temperature of 45°C indicates that this heat pump technology is suitable for uses such as providing hot water or heating air. This temperature range can meet the requirements of most application scenarios and can provide a relatively comfortable indoor environment.

[0122] For the selection of PVT heat pumps mainly for refrigeration, for the payback periods of both types of heat pump units, they gradually increase as the designed chilled water outlet temperature rises. The cooling capacity and coefficient of performance of refrigeration vary significantly under different operating modes (operating time intervals). For a system that only considers the refrigeration mode, as the operating time decreases, the payback period of the system continuously increases. However, for a system that takes into account the heating mode, as the operating time decreases, the payback period of the system continuously decreases, and the payback period of the solar PVT heat pump system that combines heating and refrigeration modes is much shorter than that of the system that only considers the refrigeration mode.

[0123] Example 5

[0124] In terms of global energy consumption, building energy consumption accounts for as high as 36%, of which residential buildings account for 22%; in terms of carbon emissions, building carbon emissions account for 39%, of which residential building carbon emissions account for 17%; and in residential buildings, heating (33%), hot water (19%), electrical appliances (16%), lighting (5%), etc. have relatively high proportions, that is, the demand for electricity and heat in buildings is significant, and there is great potential for energy conservation and emission reduction in this regard; the building-integrated solar thermoelectric co-generation system is an effective way to meet the electricity and heat demand of residential buildings and achieve building energy conservation.

[0125] Traditional solar heating technologies have the following technical bottlenecks: low heat collection efficiency, and the heat collection efficiency decreases as the heat collection temperature increases, with a low heat collection efficiency and an upper limit of about 80%; unstable output, and the thermal output of the collector is unstable due to drastic fluctuations in external environmental conditions (such as sunny, cloudy, rainy, snowy, etc.).

[0126] The solar heat pump effectively reduces the temperature difference between the working temperature and the ambient temperature, reduces heat loss, and improves efficiency. The solar collector / evaporator has a much higher heat collection efficiency than traditional solar collectors under good irradiation conditions and when the heat collection temperature is lower than the ambient temperature.

[0127] The solar heat pump combines the conversion and utilization of solar energy with the heat pump capacity conversion principle, rationally utilizes solar energy, electric energy, and other forms of environmental energy such as air source, and is an energy conversion device that meets the continuous and stable heating, heating, and air-conditioning demands.

[0128] The research on solar heat pumps has a long history. Since 2001, the direct expansion solar collector / evaporator has been studied. After four generations of technological innovations, the quantitative production of the direct expansion PVT collector / evaporator has been achieved, and an efficient solar PVT heat pump system has been constructed. The original heat collection efficiency was about 40%, which has been increased to more than 80%. Among them, the existing PVT components are the technical means with the highest solar comprehensive utilization rate.

[0129] PVT converts part of the solar irradiation into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect, and part is converted into waste heat and stored in the solar cell. The blown-type collector / evaporator is attached to the back of the photovoltaic module, and the waste heat is taken away by the working fluid (heat pump working medium), which improves the power generation efficiency while using the heat pump cycle to convert it into high-grade heat energy, thus realizing efficient thermoelectric co-generation.

[0130] PVT uses the cooling component (blown plate) to take away the waste heat generated by the photovoltaic module through the working fluid, reducing the working temperature of the photovoltaic module. While improving the power generation efficiency, the waste heat is effectively recovered, realizing efficient solar thermoelectric co-generation.

[0131] The PVT heat pump couples the direct expansion PVT module with the heat pump system to form a solar PVT thermal system, achieving high-efficiency combined heat and power generation for buildings. Compared with traditional single photovoltaic or solar thermal systems, the comprehensive solar energy utilization rate is significantly improved.

[0132] The PVT heat pump conducts mathematical modeling for each component and constructs a mathematical model of the system cycle based on the thermodynamic cycle, thereby simulating the system operation, energy efficiency ratio, power generation efficiency, heat collection efficiency, etc. under various working conditions. This provides a theoretical basis for designing and optimizing the component matching. In addition, according to the system matching parameters, the conditions and principles for the self-operation of the system are proposed, that is, the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic module meets the electricity demand of the compressor and the system.

[0133] Example 6

[0134] During the day with good solar irradiance, the system can operate in both the heating mode and the power generation mode simultaneously. The PVT heat pump system can provide heating for buildings in winter and supply domestic hot water and electric energy throughout the year. At this time, the solar cells in the PVT module convert part of the solar energy into electric energy, and at the same time, the PVT module serves as the evaporator of the heat pump system, absorbing the heat of solar radiation or the heat in the air. At night in summer, the system operates in the cooling mode. The PVT module serves as the condenser of the heat pump system, and it dissipates heat to the external environment through the heat transfer methods of long-wave cold radiation to the sky and convection. At this time, the heat pump unit can produce chilled water for air conditioning or prepare ice with a lower temperature. The nights in summer are divided into clear nights and cloudy nights. According to the experimental research results, the performance of the unit for producing chilled water on clear summer nights is better than that on cloudy nights. On rainy days in summer, the system is suitable for operating in the cooling mode. The heat transfer method between the rainwater dripping on the surface of the PVT module and the PVT module is water-cooled heat transfer, and the active water-cooled heat dissipation method can improve the cooling performance of the system.

[0135] When the PVT heat pump system is used as the heat source of the heating system in winter, it is advisable to be paired with a floor radiant heating system. For the floor radiant heating system, a water supply temperature of 45°C can meet the heating demand. Therefore, 45°C is used as the control basis for determining whether the PVT heat pump system can be directly utilized. The switching control of various modes of the PVT heat pump is determined by the water temperature of the hot water storage tank, the outdoor air temperature, and the water temperature of the heat pump outlet. For the direct heating operation mode of the PVT heat pump unit, when the ambient temperature is lower than -20°C, the performance of the heat pump unit decreases and the operating efficiency is relatively low. Therefore, the outdoor temperature of -20°C is used as a control basis for the start and stop of the PVT heat pump unit. To ensure the safe, stable, and high-efficiency operation of the unit, when the outdoor temperature is lower than -20°C, the PVT heat pump unit stops operating. To ensure that the heat load demand for user heating and the thermal comfort of indoor heating can be met, the water tank temperature of 35°C is used as the critical condition for starting the electric heating mode. When the water temperature in the water tank is lower than 35°C, the electric heater starts. At this time, if the operating conditions of the heat pump unit are met, the heat pump unit should also remain in the operating state. If the outdoor temperature is lower than -20°C, the heat pump unit should be shut down, and only the electric heating direct heating mode is operating at this time.

[0136] Due to different uses and usage methods on the user side, different water outlet temperatures are required for the heat pump unit. For heating, due to different forms of heating terminals, the water outlet temperatures are also different. In the air source heat pump unit standard, the corresponding water outlet temperatures for fan coil heating, floor heating, and radiator heating are 41, 35, and 50°C respectively. For domestic hot water, the water outlet temperature is generally specified as 55°C. Since the PVT heat pump belongs to an energy storage type energy system, the water outlet temperature of the unit will determine the heat pump performance and initial investment. For the heating mode, if the water outlet temperature of the unit is low, a larger water tank is required, and the floor area and initial investment of the system will increase. However, the water outlet temperature cannot be set too high either. When the environmental parameters are certain, as the water outlet temperature increases, the heating performance shows a downward trend. Without the need to blindly pursue a high water outlet temperature when meeting the user's needs, the energy efficiency of the heat pump unit should be taken into account as much as possible. The specified operating conditions on the user side in the Technical Specification for Solar PVT Heat Pumps are a water outlet temperature of 50°C, which is applicable to both domestic hot water and heating hot water.

[0137] In the PVT heat pump system, the heating performance of the gas-injected enhanced enthalpy heat pump system is also affected by the wind speed. When the outdoor temperature is relatively low, the influence of the wind speed on the heating performance is relatively small, and the change in the heating COP corresponding to different wind speeds is not significant. The wind speed mainly affects the convective heat transfer between the PVT module and the air. When the temperature of the PVT module is lower than the outdoor temperature, an increase in the outdoor wind speed will help the PVT module absorb heat from the air, thereby improving the heating performance of the system. When the ambient temperature is lower than 15°C, the influence of the change in the wind speed on the heating COP is smaller than that when the ambient temperature is above 15°C.

[0138] In summary, the main relationship between the heating performance of the solar heat pump and outdoor meteorological parameters is that it is greatly affected by solar radiation and temperature, and less affected by wind speed fluctuations. When the solar radiation intensity and wind speed remain constant, as the outdoor temperature decreases, the evaporation temperature will decrease when the condensation temperature remains unchanged. First, because the suction specific volume will increase, and second, because the volumetric efficiency of the compressor decreases. Therefore, when the PVT heat pump operates at a lower outdoor temperature, the refrigerant mass flow rate decreases, which in turn leads to a decrease in the heating capacity and a reduction in the heating performance. Under the same outdoor temperature and wind speed conditions, the greater the solar radiation intensity, the greater the heat absorption of the PVT module per unit time. When the condensation temperature remains unchanged, the increase in the evaporation temperature causes an increase in the refrigerant mass flow rate, an increase in the heating capacity of the unit, and an improvement in the heating performance. When the ambient temperature is below 15°C, the influence of wind speed on the heating performance is not significant.

[0139] So far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system, comprising a water storage tank (2) and a solar thermal panel (3) connected via a heat pump unit (1), characterized in that: A plurality of photothermal panels (3) are provided and arranged in a rectangular array, and all photothermal panels (3) together form a photothermal unit; A first winder (4) is provided at each of the four corners of the photothermal unit; two first winders (4) in the same row are connected to the same first moving trolley (5) via a first steel wire rope (41); the first winders (4) can drive the first moving trolley (5) to move to any row of photothermal panels (3); The two first movable carriages (5) are both equipped with a second winder (6), and the two second winders (6) are connected to the same second movable carriage (7) via a second steel wire rope (61). The second winders (6) can drive the second movable carriage (7) to move to any row of photothermal plates (3); The second moving trolley (7) is provided with a rotating seat (8) located above the photothermal plate (3) and a driving unit (86) for driving the rotating seat (8) to rotate on a plane where the upper surface of the photothermal plate (3) is located. The rotating seat (8) is provided with a dust suction unit (81), a flushing unit (82) and a wiping unit (83) arranged in sequence along the arrangement direction of the photothermal plates (3) in the same row. The dust suction unit (81) is used to suck away dust on the upper surface of the photothermal plate (3). The flushing unit (82) is used to flush the upper surface of the photothermal plate (3). The wiping unit (83) is used to wipe the upper surface of the photothermal plate (3). The rotating seat (8) is rotatably connected to the second moving trolley (7) via a rotating shaft (85); a magnet (87) is mounted on the rotating seat (8); and an iron block (71) is mounted on the second moving trolley (7); When the dust collecting unit (81), the flushing unit (82) and the wiping unit (83) are arranged in sequence along the arrangement direction of the photothermal plates (3) in the same row, the magnet (87) will absorb and fix the iron block (71); The driving unit (86) comprises a gear (861) and two racks (862); the gear (861) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (85); the two racks (862) are respectively connected to two first movable carriages (5) via elastic telescopic rods (863); and the first movable carriage (5) is provided with a locking member for locking and fixing the racks (862); When the locking member locks and fixes the rack (862), the second movable carriage (7) can drive the gear (861) to rotate on the rack (862) by at least 180 degrees via the rotating shaft (85); When the locking member cancels the locking fixation on the rack (862), the elastic telescopic rod (863) will drive the rack (862) to move away from the movement path of the gear (861).

2. A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two limit plates (84) are mounted on the rotating seat (8), and the arrangement direction of the two limit plates (84) is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the photothermal panels (3) in the same row; When the rotating seat (8) moves directly above the photothermal plate (3), the two limiting plates (84) will be clamped together on the photothermal plate (3).

3. A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust collection unit (81) comprises a dust collector (811) mounted on the second movable trolley (7); the dust collector (811) is connected to a dust collection hood (813) via a first hose (812); the dust collection hood (813) is mounted on the rotating seat (8) and faces the upper surface of the photothermal plate (3); A brush roller (814) is rotatably connected inside the dust cover (813), and the brush roller (814) cleans the upper surface of the photothermal plate (3) during rotation; A first motor (815) is mounted on the dust collection hood (813), and an output shaft of the first motor (815) is coaxially connected to the brush roller (814).

4. A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flushing unit (82) comprises a high-pressure air pump (821), a water tank (822) and a water pump (823) mounted on the second moving trolley (7); the water pump (823) is connected to the inside of the water tank (822) and is connected to a spray nozzle (825) via a second hose (824); the spray nozzle (825) is mounted on the rotating seat (8) and faces the upper surface of the photothermal plate (3); The high-pressure air pump (821) is connected to the second hose (824) via a third hose (826), and the high-pressure air pump (821) is connected to an air nozzle (828) via a fourth hose (827). The air nozzle (828) is mounted on the rotating seat (8) and faces the upper surface of the photothermal plate (3). The air nozzle (828) is located between the spray nozzle (825) and the wiping unit (83).

5. A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wiping unit (83) comprises a second motor (831), two rotating rollers (832) and two pressing rollers (833); the second motor (831) is mounted on the rotating seat (8); and the output shaft of the second motor (831) is coaxially connected to one of the rotating rollers (832); The arrangement direction of the two rotating rollers (832) is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the photothermal plates (3) in the same row; the two rotating rollers (832) are connected to the rotating seat (8) and rotate around their own axes and are wrapped with a belt (834); a water-absorbing cloth (835) is installed on the surface of the belt (834); and the belt (834) drives the water-absorbing cloth (835) to wipe the surface of the photothermal plates (3) during movement; The pressure rollers (833) correspond to the rotating rollers (832) one by one and are clamped together on the water-absorbing cloth (835) and the belt (834); the pressure rollers (833) are located obliquely above the photothermal plate (3); and the photothermal plate (3) is located between the two pressure rollers (833).

6. A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking member is a locking frame (864), and the locking frame (864) is connected to the first moving trolley (5) via a spring (865); A locking groove (866) is provided on the rack (862), and when the spring (865) is in a natural state, the locking frame (864) can be inserted into the locking groove (866), so that the rack (862) is locked and fixed; A pressing ring (851) is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft (85). When the second moving trolley (7) approaches the first moving trolley (5), the rotation directions of the gear (861) on the two racks (862) are opposite, and when the gear (861) rotates 180° on the racks (862), the pressing ring (851) pushes the locking frame (864) to move out of the locking groove (866).

7. A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two push plates (88) are mounted on the rotating seat (8), the push plates (88) correspond to the racks (862) one by one, the two racks (862) are located on different horizontal planes, and the movement paths of the two push plates (88) are also located on different planes; When the second moving trolley (7) approaches the first moving trolley (5), the push plate (88) will push the rack (862) to move until the locking frame (864) is inserted into the locking groove (866), and then the push plate (88) will be disengaged from the rack (862) and the gear (861) will be engaged with the rack (862).

8. A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The photothermal panel (3) is arranged in an inclined manner and faces due south, and the angle between the photothermal panel (3) and the ground is in the range of 20° to 45°.

9. A circulating solar PVT heat pump combined hot water system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a control panel (9), a contact sensor (91) and an infrared sensor (92) are installed on the first moving trolley (5), and the contact sensor (91), the infrared sensor (92), the driving motor in the first winding machine (4), and the driving motor in the second winding machine (6) are all coupled to the control panel (9); When the pressure ring (851) pushes the locking frame (864) to disengage from the locking groove (866), the pressure ring (851) will contact the contact sensor (91), and the contact sensor (91) will send a reverse signal to the control panel (9). The control panel (9) will control the drive motors in the two second winding machines (6) to reverse synchronously, so that the second moving trolley (7) moves in the opposite direction. The control panel (9) will also control the drive motors in the four first winding machines (4) to start synchronously, so that the first moving trolley (5) moves. When the infrared sensor (92) detects the presence of an object within the specified range, the infrared sensor (92) will transmit a stop signal to the control panel (9), and the control panel (9) will control the drive motors in the four first winders (4) to be turned off synchronously, so that the first moving trolley (5) stops at the next row of photothermal plates (3).

Images