A carbon emission accounting method and carbon footprint assessment system during the sugarcane planting process

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of agricultural technology, and discloses a carbon emission accounting method and a carbon footprint assessment system in the process of sugarcane planting, including the following steps: (a) classifying sugarcane by source and different planting patterns; (b) dividing the sugarcane planting process into three stages, clarifying the activities of each stage and drawing a system boundary map; (c) determining the functional unit of carbon footprint accounting; (d) collecting the amount of materials used in each stage of sugarcane planting and selecting the carbon emission factors of each project; (e) constructing a carbon emission accounting model for the sugarcane planting process; (f) performing uncertainty analysis and sensitivity analysis. The present invention can scientifically, objectively and comprehensively calculate the carbon emissions in the sugarcane planting process, which is helpful to promote the green development of agriculture, ensure food safety and quality, and promote farmers' income and rural development.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a carbon emission accounting method and a carbon footprint assessment system in the process of sugarcane cultivation. Background Art

[0002] Sugarcane is a multi-purpose agricultural economic crop. The cultivation of sugarcane aims to provide essential edible sucrose for humans. In addition, its waste can be used for ethanol processing or fiberboard production. By selecting parent plants with excellent characteristics, such as strong stress resistance, the stability of sugarcane yield and quality can be improved, which is of great significance for ensuring the sustainable development of the sugarcane industry, and can also reduce resource waste and carbon footprint.

[0003] Carbon footprint accounting is a quantification method used to evaluate the greenhouse gas emissions generated by a specific activity, product, or system throughout its life cycle. For sugarcane cultivation, understanding the carbon emissions at different stages is of great significance for reducing carbon emissions and promoting sustainable development.

[0004] CN115829130A discloses a patent for a carbon emission prediction method, including determining emission sources as agricultural emissions, transportation emissions, building emissions, and trade emissions, and establishing an emission database through big data. However, this method is only a carbon emission prediction method. CN117151921A discloses a carbon sink measurement system and method for planting agriculture, including a total carbon fixation estimation module, a carbon consumption estimation module, a waste treatment module, and a carbon sink measurement module. According to the planting correlation information of the plants in the target area, the total carbon value in the target area during the planting period is estimated. However, this invention only accounts for planting agriculture and does not account for a specific crop. CN16519875A discloses a method for calculating the carbon emissions of the entire life cycle of sucrose products, including determining the measurement stages of the entire life cycle of sucrose products as the sugarcane planting stage, production and processing stage, product packaging stage, and product storage stage, collecting the carbon emission factors of carbon emission items and carbon emission sources in each link, and establishing a carbon emission factor library for the entire life cycle of sucrose products. However, this invention only accounts for the carbon emissions of the entire life cycle of sucrose products, does not account for different sources of sugarcane and different sugarcane planting modes separately, and cannot clearly identify the main carbon emission sources under different modes, guide the formulation and implementation of emission reduction measures, and evaluate the emission reduction effect.

[0005] In summary, there is currently no patent for a detailed carbon emission accounting method for sugarcane cultivation. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a carbon emission accounting method applicable to the process of sugarcane cultivation and the carbon trading market, and at the same time, to carry out the process of sugarcane cultivation scientifically and reasonably, and correctly lead the low-carbon development of the entire life cycle of sugarcane cultivation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a carbon emission accounting method and a carbon footprint assessment system during the sugarcane planting process to solve the problems in the prior art. The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A carbon emission accounting method during the sugarcane planting process includes the following steps:

[0008] (a) Classify according to the source of sugarcane and different planting modes;

[0009] (b) Divide the sugarcane planting process into three stages, clarify the activities in each stage, and draw a system boundary diagram;

[0010] (c) Determine the functional unit for carbon footprint accounting;

[0011] (d) Collect the amounts of materials used in each stage of sugarcane planting and select the carbon emission factors for each item;

[0012] (e) Construct a carbon emission accounting model for the sugarcane planting process;

[0013] (f) Conduct uncertainty analysis and sensitivity analysis.

[0014] A carbon footprint assessment system during the sugarcane planting process applies the above-mentioned carbon emission accounting method during the sugarcane planting process to conduct uncertainty and sensitivity analysis, analyze the emission proportion and data quality, count the activity data that has an important impact on the carbon emission accounting during the sugarcane planting process, and understand their interactions and the comprehensive impact on the carbon footprint, including the following steps:

[0015] (A) Determine the changing factors: Identify the key changing factors that affect the carbon footprint;

[0016] (B) Design an experimental scheme: Select the orthogonal experimental design;

[0017] (C) Determine the activity data and carbon emission factors: Collect the activity data involved in each link and stage, and establish a carbon emission factor library;

[0018] (D) Conduct experiments: According to the experimental scheme, conduct experiments on different levels of each changing factor and record;

[0019] (E) Analyze the results: Use statistical methods to evaluate the impact of each changing factor on the carbon footprint;

[0020] (F) Interpret the results: Interpret the degree of impact of each changing factor on the carbon footprint;

[0021] (G) Draw conclusions: Based on the statistical analysis and result interpretation, determine which factors have an important impact on the carbon footprint, and propose optimization measures and management strategies.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] (1) The carbon footprint accounting method for the sugarcane planting process divides the sugarcane planting modes into the traditional planting mode of newly planted sugarcane; the intensive planting mode of newly planted sugarcane; the traditional planting mode of ratoon sugarcane; the intensive planting mode of ratoon sugarcane; which can more clearly identify the main carbon emission sources under each mode; understand the current situation of greenhouse gas emissions under different planting modes, guide the formulation and implementation of emission reduction measures, and evaluate the emission reduction effect;

[0024] (2) The carbon footprint accounting method for the sugarcane planting process divides the sugarcane planting process into three stages: the sowing stage, the field cultivation stage, and the harvesting stage; which is conducive to objectively and accurately calculating the carbon footprint of each stage subsequently; after collecting the input category data of each stage, calculate the carbon footprint of each sub-stage, and then sum up the carbon footprints to calculate the total carbon footprint of the sugarcane planting process. Through conversion, the carbon footprint per hectare of sugarcane in the entire sugarcane planting process can be calculated;

[0025] (3) The present invention can reduce carbon emissions during the planting process of this industry, contribute to achieving the emission reduction goal during the long-term development of sugarcane, and promote green and low-carbon development;

[0026] (4) The present invention provides a carbon footprint accounting method for the sugarcane planting process, filling the gap in carbon emission accounting for the sugarcane planting process;

[0027] (5) The carbon footprint accounting method for the sugarcane planting process of the present invention provides a standardized life cycle inventory analysis method for the full life cycle accounting of sugarcane planting;

[0028] (6) The present invention conducts carbon emission accounting from multiple perspectives for agricultural carbon emissions, performs more refined calculations, conducts accounting from different emission sources, and makes the accounting of carbon emissions more comprehensive;

[0029] (7) The carbon emission accounting method of the present invention systematically and detailedly covers the process from sowing, field management to harvesting, and is applicable to the carbon emission accounting method for agricultural systems in the agricultural field, providing an accounting basis for agricultural planting carbon emission analysis;

[0030] (8) Using the carbon emission accounting method of the present invention provides a series of important emission coefficients for sowing, field management, and harvesting processes for the existing carbon emission database, contributing to the carbon footprint research in the agricultural industry;

[0031] (9) When using the carbon footprint calculation method proposed by the present invention, the key points of greenhouse gas emissions in the product life cycle can be found, and the carbon emissions during the sugarcane planting process can be reduced as much as possible;

[0032] (10) Carbon emission accounting in the planting process helps to formulate and implement effective agroforestry management and climate change mitigation policies. It also provides important data support for the carbon market, promotes the development of carbon trading and carbon pricing mechanisms, and encourages emission reduction and carbon sequestration projects;

[0033] (11) Sugarcane planting plays an important role in sugar production, provides strong support for agricultural development, and helps to improve the sustainable development, resource utilization efficiency, and industrial competitiveness of the sugarcane planting process;

[0034] (12) The present invention can scientifically and objectively account for the carbon emissions in the sugarcane planting process, identify the direction of carbon emission reduction flow, quantitatively measure the carbon emission intensity, achieve the goal of low-carbon and green development, and help to promote the green development of agriculture, ensure food safety and quality, promote farmers' income increase and rural development, and encourage all sectors of society to jointly participate in low-carbon actions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 is the overall flowchart of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the carbon footprint assessment system process;

[0037] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the carbon emission accounting method for the traditional planting process of newly planted sugarcane;

[0038] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the carbon emission accounting method for the intensive planting process of newly planted sugarcane;

[0039] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the carbon emission accounting method for the traditional planting process of ratoon cane;

[0040] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the carbon emission accounting method for the intensive planting process of ratoon cane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0041] The following will combine the Figures 1-6 in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. If not specifically specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0042] A carbon emission accounting method for the sugarcane planting process includes the following steps:

[0043] (a) Classify according to the source of sugarcane and different planting modes;

[0044] (b) Divide the sugarcane planting process into three stages, clarify the activities in each stage, and draw a system boundary diagram;

[0045] (c) Determine the functional unit for carbon footprint accounting;

[0046] (d) Collect the amounts of materials used in each stage of sugarcane cultivation and select the carbon emission factors for each item;

[0047] (e) Construct a carbon emission accounting model for the process of sugarcane cultivation;

[0048] (f) Conduct uncertainty analysis and sensitivity analysis.

[0049] Specifically: Sugarcane is a light-loving and warm-loving crop that combines functions such as food consumption, sugar production, ethanol production, and fiberboard production;

[0050] Furthermore, in the step (a), sugarcane includes newly planted sugarcane and ratoon sugarcane; among them, (i) newly planted sugarcane refers to sugarcane grown from sugarcane seeds; (ii) ratoon sugarcane refers to the sugarcane plants that germinate and emerge from the buds of the sugarcane stumps left in the sugarcane field after the sugarcane harvest in the previous year under suitable environmental conditions such as temperature and humidity, and then grow into sugarcane plants;

[0051] It includes two sugarcane cultivation modes: (i) traditional cultivation mode; (ii) intensive cultivation mode;

[0052] The (i) traditional cultivation mode means that in a piece of land, only sugarcane is planted during a complete plant growth period, and the cultivation is carried out only under traditional production methods;

[0053] The (ii) intensive cultivation mode means that in a piece of land, only sugarcane is planted during a complete plant growth period, but modern technologies such as mechanized cultivation, integrated agricultural water and fertilizer technology, and plastic film mulching are used;

[0054] It includes a total of traditional cultivation of newly planted sugarcane, intensive cultivation of newly planted sugarcane, traditional cultivation of ratoon sugarcane, and intensive cultivation of ratoon sugarcane

[0055] Furthermore, in the step (b), the carbon emission accounting boundary includes: sowing stage, field management stage, and harvesting stage, among which: the sowing stage includes: removing leaf sheaths, disinfection, plowing, fertilization, sowing, pest control, pre-emergence weeding, and film mulching; the field management stage includes activities such as ridge breaking and root loosening, film mulching, fertilization, pre-emergence weeding, irrigation, top dressing, and pest control; the harvesting stage includes: cutting and transportation.

[0056] In the step (b), the ratoon sugarcane cultivation does not include the sowing stage; the newly planted sugarcane cultivation does not include the activities of ridge breaking and root loosening and film mulching in the field management stage;

[0057] The removal of leaf sheaths in the sowing stage refers to removing the leaf sheaths from the seed stems and cutting them into double-bud or triple-bud segments with a sharp knife;

[0058] The disinfection in the sowing stage refers to soaking the sugarcane seeds with chemicals and other operations to prevent seed rot.

[0059] The tillage in the sowing stage refers to deeply plowing and subsoiling the selected sugarcane field by machine or manually. Different tillage methods are used for traditional planting and intensive planting respectively.

[0060] The fertilization in the sowing stage refers to determining the type and quantity of fertilizers to be applied according to the local conditions, i.e., the soil and ecological conditions of the sugarcane-growing area. Fertilization of the selected sugarcane field can be carried out by machine or manually. Different fertilization methods are used for traditional planting and intensive planting respectively.

[0061] The pest and disease control in the sowing stage refers to applying corresponding chemicals to protect the sugarcane seedlings from pests and diseases and ensure the healthy growth of sugarcane.

[0062] The pre-emergence weeding in the sowing stage means that in the initial stage when sugarcane grows out of the planting ground, it is necessary to keep the ground clean and increase the growth space for sugarcane.

[0063] The film mulching in the sowing stage refers to covering the planting furrow with plastic film after sowing and covering the soil to ensure full and strong seedlings.

[0064] The irrigation in the field management stage refers to storing water to prevent drought in the middle stage of management. Different irrigation methods are used for traditional planting and intensive planting respectively. For example, intensive planting can use electric irrigation.

[0065] The ridge breaking and root loosening in the field management stage refers to the operation of breaking the sugarcane ridges by manual or mechanical means to expose the sugarcane stumps after sugarcane harvest.

[0066] The film mulching in the field management stage refers to covering the planting furrow with plastic film after sowing and covering the soil to ensure full and strong seedlings for winter-planted sugarcane and early-spring sugarcane in intensive planting.

[0067] The pre-emergence weeding in the field management stage refers to weeding after crop sowing and before emergence.

[0068] The topdressing in the field management stage refers to supplementing various elements of sugarcane during the growth period, so fertilizers with corresponding elements need to be supplemented. Fertilization of the selected sugarcane field can be carried out by machine or manually. Different fertilization methods are used for traditional planting and intensive planting respectively.

[0069] The pest and disease control in the field management stage refers to carrying out an appropriate number of pest and disease control operations after the harvest of other crops to prevent insect pests and rodent damage in the later stage of sugarcane growth.

[0070] The cutting and harvesting in the harvesting stage refers to cutting and harvesting the sugarcane by machine or manually after it matures. Different methods are used for traditional planting and intensive planting respectively.

[0071] The transportation in the harvesting stage refers to transporting the cut sugarcane in the sugarcane field to the warehouse.

[0072] Furthermore, in the step (a), the functional unit of carbon footprint accounting is the carbon emission of one hectare of sugarcane field, with the unit of kgCO 2 eq / ha sugarcane field;

[0073] Furthermore, in the step (d), data collection needs to be completed through research, and the collection content includes the following aspects: (1) Sugarcane sowing stage: Specific activity information includes the types of fertilizers, chemicals, agricultural supplies, energy sources used for producing per hectare of sugarcane, the usage amounts of various fertilizers, various chemicals, various agricultural supplies, and various energy sources; (2) Field management stage: Specific activity information includes the types of fertilizers, chemicals, agricultural supplies, energy sources used for producing per hectare of sugarcane, the usage amounts of various fertilizers, various chemicals, various agricultural supplies, and various energy sources; (3) Harvesting stage: Specific activity information includes the energy sources and their usage amounts for producing per hectare of sugarcane;

[0074] Furthermore, in the step (e), the carbon emission accounting model for the sugarcane planting process is:

[0075] C = C 1 + C 2 + C 3

[0076] In the above formula: C is the carbon emission of per hectare of sugarcane planting process; C 1 is the carbon emission of per hectare of sugarcane in the sugarcane sowing stage; C 2 is the carbon emission of per hectare of sugarcane in the field management stage; C 3 is the carbon emission of per hectare of sugarcane in the harvesting stage;

[0077] The calculation formula of the said C 1 is:

[0078] C 1 = C f + C c + C a + C e

[0079] In the above formula, C f is the carbon emission generated by applying fertilizers for per hectare of sugarcane planting; C cCarbon emissions generated by applying chemicals per hectare of sugarcane cultivation; C a Carbon emissions generated by using agricultural supplies per hectare of sugarcane cultivation; C e Carbon emissions generated by using energy per hectare of sugarcane cultivation;

[0080] C f The calculation formula of is:

[0081]

[0082] In the above formula, A x is the application area of fertilizer x, in hectares (ha); M x is the amount of fertilizer x applied per unit area per time, in kg / ha / time; f x is the average number of fertilization times of fertilizer x, in times; EF x is the emission factor of greenhouse gases generated by fertilizer x, in (kgCO 2 e / kg); C c The calculation formula of is:

[0083]

[0084] In the above formula, AD c is the usage data of chemical c, in kg; EF c is the emission factor of greenhouse gases generated by chemical c, in kgCO 2 e / kg;

[0085] C a The calculation formula of is:

[0086] C a = AD f × EF f + AD w × EF w

[0087] In the above formula, AD f is the usage data of agricultural film f, in kg; EF f is the emission factor of greenhouse gases generated by agricultural film f, in kgCO 2 e / kg; AD w is the usage data of water w, in L; EF f is the emission factor of greenhouse gases generated by water w, in kgCO 2 e / kg;

[0088] C e The calculation formula of is:

[0089]

[0090] In the above formula, M t is the weight of the transportation functional unit (t); G t is the transportation distance of the functional unit (km); EFt is the transportation production emission factor (kgCO 2 e / (t·km)); U ma is the fuel a consumption per unit time of machine m, with the unit of liters per hour (L / h); ef m is the energy conversion efficiency of machine m; T m is the working hours of machine m, with the unit of hours (h); EF m is the emission factor of greenhouse gas generated by fuel m, with the unit of kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilojoule (kgCO2e / KJ); Q a is the average low calorific value of fuel a, with the unit of kilojoules per liter (KJ / L);; AD d is the fuel used for the functional unit, with the unit of liters (L); EF d is the fuel use emission factor (kgCO 2 e / L); AD l is the labor used for the functional unit (person); EF l is the labor use emission factor (kgCO 2 e / (person·day));

[0091] Furthermore, the calculation formula of the said C 2 is:

[0092] C 2 = C f + C c + C a + C e

[0093] In the above formula, C f is the carbon emission generated by applying fertilizers per hectare of sugarcane cultivation; C c is the carbon emission generated by applying chemicals per hectare of sugarcane cultivation; C a is the carbon emission generated by the use of agricultural materials per hectare of sugarcane cultivation; C e is the carbon emission generated by the use of energy per hectare of sugarcane cultivation;

[0094] C f 's calculation formula is:

[0095]

[0096] In the above formula, A x is the application area of fertilizer x, with the unit of hectares (ha); M xx is the amount of fertilizer applied per unit area per application, in kg / ha / application; f x EF is the average number of fertilizer applications for fertilizer x, in applications; EF x EF is the emission factor for greenhouse gas emissions from fertilizer x, in (kgCO 2 e / kg); C c The calculation formula for C is:

[0097]

[0098] In the above formula, AD c is the usage data of chemical c, in kg; EF c is the emission factor for greenhouse gas emissions from chemical c, in kgCO 2 e / kg;

[0099] C a The calculation formula for C is:

[0100] C a = AD f × EF f + AD w × EF w

[0101] In the above formula, AD f is the usage data of agricultural film f, in kg; EF f is the emission factor for greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural film f, in kgCO 2 e / kg; AD w is the usage data of water w, in L; EF f is the emission factor for greenhouse gas emissions from water w, in kgCO 2 e / kg;

[0102] C e The calculation formula for C is:

[0103]

[0104] In the above formula, M t is the weight of the transportation functional unit (t); G t is the transportation distance of the functional unit (km); EFt is the transportation production emission factor (kgCO 2 e / (t·km)); U ma is the fuel a consumption per unit time of machine m, in liters per hour (L / h); ef m is the energy conversion efficiency of machine m; T m is the working duration of machine m, in hours (h); EF mis the emission factor of greenhouse gases generated by fuel m, with the unit of kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilojoule (kgCO2e / KJ); Q a is the average lower heating value of fuel a, with the unit of kilojoules per liter (KJ / L);; AD d is the fuel (liters) used by the functional unit; EF d is the emission factor for manual use (kgCO 2 e / L); G Elec is the electricity consumption (KWh) used by the functional unit; EF Elec is the emission factor for electricity production (kgCO 2 e / KWh); AD l is the labor (persons) used by the functional unit; EF l is the emission factor for manual use (kgCO 2 e / (person·day));

[0105] Furthermore, the formula for C 3 is:

[0106] C 3 = C e

[0107] In the above formula, C e is the carbon emission generated by the use of energy per hectare of sugarcane cultivation;

[0108]

[0109] In the above formula, M t is the weight (t) of the transportation functional unit; G t is the transportation distance (km) of the functional unit; EFt is the emission factor for transportation production (kgCO 2 e / (t·km)); U ma is the fuel a consumption per unit time of machine m, with the unit of liters per hour (L / h); ef m is the energy conversion efficiency of machine m; T m is the working hours of machine m, with the unit of hours (h); EF m is the emission factor of greenhouse gases generated by fuel m, with the unit of kilograms of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilojoule (kgCO2e / KJ); Q a is the average lower heating value of fuel a, with the unit of kilojoules per liter (KJ / L); AD d is the fuel (liters) used by the functional unit; EF d is the emission factor for manual use (kgCO 2 e / L); AD l is the labor (persons) used by the functional unit; EF l is the emission factor for manual use (kgCO2 e / (person·day))。

[0110] A carbon footprint assessment system in the process of sugarcane planting, applying the carbon emission accounting method in the process of sugarcane planting described above, conducts uncertainty and sensitivity analysis, analyzes the emission proportion and data quality, counts the activity data that has an important impact on the carbon emission accounting in the process of sugarcane planting, and understands its interaction and comprehensive impact on the carbon footprint, including the following steps

[0111] (A) Determine the change factors: Identify the key change factors that may affect the carbon footprint;

[0112] (B) Design the experimental plan: Select the orthogonal experimental design;

[0113] (C) Determine the activity data and carbon emission factors: Collect the activity data involved in each link and stage, and establish a carbon emission factor library at the same time;

[0114] (D) Conduct the experiment: According to the experimental plan, conduct experiments on different levels of each change factor and record;

[0115] (E) Analyze the results: Use statistical methods to evaluate the impact of each change factor on the carbon footprint;

[0116] (F) Interpret the results: Interpret the degree of influence of each change factor on the carbon footprint;

[0117] (G) Draw conclusions: According to the statistical analysis and result interpretation, determine which factors have an important impact on the carbon footprint, and propose optimization measures and management strategies.

[0118] Furthermore, due to the existence of the carbon sequestration process in the system output, it is necessary to consider the carbon budget, including the following steps:

[0119] (1) Determine the accounting objectives and define the accounting scope: Clearly conduct the accounting of the carbon emissions in the process of sugarcane planting, and include each link or process in the accounting scope;

[0120] (2) Data collection and collation: Comprehensively collect the input and output data related to sugarcane planting and production, and collate the carbon sequestration data, which are crucial for evaluating the carbon budget;

[0121] (3) Quantification processing and modeling: According to the collected data, construct a carbon emission and carbon sequestration model for the whole life cycle of sugarcane planting and product production, and conduct quantitative analysis through mathematical models and calculation methods, and conduct quantitative processing on the carbon emissions and carbon sequestration amounts in the model to obtain specific numerical results;

[0122] (4) Carbon budget balance analysis: Calculate the carbon budget: Compare and analyze the carbon emissions and carbon sequestration amounts, and calculate the difference in the carbon budget. If the carbon emissions are greater than the carbon sequestration amount, it is a net carbon emission; otherwise, it is a carbon surplus.

[0123] (5) Compile an assessment report and put forward suggestions.

[0124] The following gives specific embodiments:

[0125] Embodiment 1: A carbon emission accounting method for the process of traditional planting of newly planted sugarcane, intensive planting of newly planted sugarcane, traditional planting of ratoon cane, or intensive planting of ratoon cane, includes the following steps:

[0126] Step (a): Classify sugarcane according to different sources and different planting patterns into four planting patterns: traditional planting of newly planted sugarcane, intensive planting of newly planted sugarcane, traditional planting of ratoon cane, or intensive planting of ratoon cane.

[0127] Step (b): Divide the sugarcane planting process into three stages, clarify the activities in each stage, determine the carbon emission boundary of the sugarcane planting process and draw its system boundary diagram.

[0128] In this step, although the sugarcane planting process has complex links, according to the flow direction of carbon emissions in each link, the system boundary diagram of the sugarcane planting process can be drawn, and its carbon emission range can be determined. The specific links and ranges are shown in Figures 3-6 . The carbon emission accounting boundary includes: Sowing stage: leaf sheath peeling, disinfection, ploughing, fertilization, sowing, pest control, pre-emergence weeding; Field management stage: ridge breaking and soil loosening, fertilization, pre-emergence weeding, irrigation, top dressing, pest control, etc.; Harvest stage includes: cutting, transportation and other links.

[0129] Step (c): The functional unit of carbon footprint accounting is the carbon emission of one hectare of sugarcane, with the unit of kgCO 2 eq / ha sugarcane.

[0130] Step (d): Determine the CO 2 emission sources in each link of sugarcane planting and collect the corresponding data, and sort out the obtained input-output data information.

[0131] In this step, the data collection is completed through research, and the collection content includes the following aspects:

[0132] 1. Sowing stage: The specific activity information includes the types of fertilizers, chemicals, agricultural materials, energy used for producing one hectare of sugarcane, the usage amounts of various fertilizers, various chemicals, various agricultural materials, various energy, and the emission factors of the used materials.

[0133] 2. Field management stage: Specific activity information includes the types of fertilizers, chemicals, agricultural materials, energy sources used per hectare of sugarcane production, the usage amounts of various fertilizers, chemicals, agricultural materials, energy sources, and the emission factors of the materials used.

[0134] 3. Harvesting stage: Specific activity information includes the energy sources used per hectare of sugarcane production, the usage amounts of various energy sources, and the emission factors of the materials used.

[0135] Refer to the following table:

[0136]

[0137]

[0138] Step (e), construct a carbon emission accounting model for the sugarcane planting process;

[0139] In this step, the carbon emission measurement model for the sugarcane planting process is:

[0140] C = C 1 + C 2 + C 3 ;

[0141] In this step, the calculation methods for carbon emissions in each stage of sugarcane planting are as follows:

[0142] 1. Sugarcane sowing stage: There are mainly carbon emissions from applying fertilizers (farmyard manure, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer), chemicals (carbendazim, phoxim, atrazine), agricultural materials (agricultural film, water), energy sources (machines, electricity, diesel, labor, transportation), etc. The calculation formula is:

[0143] C 1 = C f + C c + C a + C e ;

[0144] 2. Field management stage: There are mainly carbon emissions from applying fertilizers (nitrogen fertilizer, compound fertilizer), chemicals (acephate, imidacloprid, methomyl), agricultural materials (agricultural film, water), energy sources (machines, electricity, diesel, labor, transportation), etc. The calculation formula is: C 2 = C f + C c + C a + C e ;

[0145] The calculation formula for C f is: C f = ∑ i (A x × Mx ×f x ×EF x );

[0146] C c The calculation formula of C is: C c = ∑ i (AD c ×EF c );

[0147] C a The calculation formula of C is: C a = AD f ×EF f + AD w ×EF w

[0148] C e The calculation formula is:

[0149] 3. Harvest stage: mainly carbon emissions of energy (diesel, labor, transportation), etc., and the calculation formula is: C 3 = C e ;

[0150]

[0151] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various deformations, variations, modifications, and substitutions made by those of ordinary skill in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating carbon emissions during sugarcane planting, characterized in that: The steps include: (a) Classification by sugarcane source and different planting patterns; (b) Divide the sugarcane cultivation process into three stages, identify the activities in each stage and draw a system boundary map; (c) determine the functional units for carbon footprint accounting; (d) Collect the amount of materials used in each stage of sugarcane planting and select the carbon emission factors of each project; (e) Construct a carbon emission accounting model for the sugarcane planting process; (f) Conduct uncertainty analysis and sensitivity analysis; In the step (c), the functional unit of carbon footprint calculation is the carbon emissions of one hectare of sugarcane field, with the unit of kgCO2eq / ha of sugarcane field; The data collection in step (d) is completed through investigation, including: Sugarcane planting stage: including the types of fertilizers, chemicals, agricultural materials, energy, the amount of each type of fertilizer, the amount of each type of chemical, the amount of each agricultural material, the amount of each energy used and the emission factors of the materials used per hectare of sugarcane production; Field management stage: including the types of fertilizers, chemicals, agricultural materials, energy, the amount of each type of fertilizer, the amount of each type of chemical, the amount of each agricultural material, the amount of each energy used and the emission factors of the materials used per hectare of sugarcane production; Harvest stage: including the types of energy used to produce each hectare of sugarcane, the amount of each energy used and the emission factors of the materials used; In the step (e), the carbon emission accounting model of the sugarcane planting process is: C=C1+C2+C3 Among them: C is the carbon emission per hectare during the sugarcane planting process; C1 is the carbon emission per hectare of sugarcane in the sugarcane sowing stage; C2 is the carbon emission per hectare of sugarcane in the field management stage; C3 is the carbon emission per hectare of sugarcane in the harvesting stage.

2. The method for calculating carbon emissions during sugarcane planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (a), sugarcane planting includes traditional planting of newly planted sugarcane, intensive planting of newly planted sugarcane, traditional planting of ratoon sugarcane and intensive planting of ratoon sugarcane.

3. The method for calculating carbon emissions during sugarcane planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step (b), the carbon emission accounting boundaries include: sowing stage, field management stage, and harvesting stage; wherein: the sowing stage includes: sheath stripping, disinfection, tillage, fertilization, sowing, pest and disease control, pre-bud weeding, and film mulching; the field management stage includes: ridge breaking and stump loosening, film mulching, fertilization, pre-bud weeding, irrigation, topdressing, and pest and disease control; the harvesting stage includes: harvesting and transportation.

4. The method for calculating carbon emissions during sugarcane planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula of C1 is: C1=C f +C c +C a +C e Among them, C f is the carbon emissions generated by applying fertilizer per hectare of sugarcane cultivation; C c is the carbon emissions generated by the application of chemicals per hectare of sugarcane cultivation; C a is the carbon emissions generated by the use of agricultural materials per hectare of sugarcane cultivation; C e Carbon emissions generated through energy use per hectare of sugarcane cultivation; C f The calculation formula is: Among them, A x M is the application area of ​​fertilizer x; x f is the amount of fertilizer x applied per unit area at a time; x is the average number of fertilization times of fertilizer x; EF x The greenhouse gas emission factor for fertilizer x; C c The calculation formula is: Among them, AD c is the usage data of chemical c; EF c Greenhouse gas emission factors for chemical c; C a The calculation formula is: C a =AD f ×EF f +AD w ×EF w Among them, AD f The usage data of agricultural film f; EF f AD is the greenhouse gas emission factor produced by agricultural film f; w is the usage data of water w; EF f greenhouse gas emission factors for water w; C e The calculation formula is: Among them, M t is the weight of the transport functional unit (t); G t is the functional unit transportation distance (km); EFt is the transportation production emission factor; U ma is the fuel consumption per unit time of machine m; ef m is the energy conversion efficiency of machine m; T m is the working time of machine m; EF m is the greenhouse gas emission factor generated by fuel m; Q a is the average low calorific value of fuel a; AD d Fuel used for functional units; EF d Use emission factors for fuel oil; AD l Use labor for functional units; EF l Emission factors are used artificially.

5. A carbon footprint assessment system in the sugarcane planting process, characterized in that: Applying the carbon emission accounting method in the sugarcane planting process described in claim 1, performing uncertainty and sensitivity analysis, analyzing emission proportion and data quality, and statistically analyzing activity data that have an important impact on the carbon emission accounting in the sugarcane planting process, and understanding their interactions and comprehensive impact on carbon footprint, including the following steps: (A) Determine the factors of change: Identify the key factors of change that affect the carbon footprint; (B) Design the experimental plan: select orthogonal experimental design; (C) Determine activity data and carbon emission factors: collect activity data involved in each link and stage and establish a carbon emission factor library; (D) Conduct experiments: According to the experimental plan, conduct experiments on different levels of each variable factor and record them; (E) Analyze the results: Use statistical methods to evaluate the impact of each variable on the carbon footprint; (F) Explain the results: explain the impact of each variable on the carbon footprint; (G) Draw conclusions: Based on statistical analysis and interpretation of results, determine which factors have a significant impact on carbon footprint and propose optimization measures and management strategies.

6. The carbon footprint assessment system in the sugarcane planting process according to claim 5, characterized in that: Carbon budget considerations are also included, which include the following steps: (1) Determine the accounting objectives and define the accounting scope: clarify the accounting of carbon emissions from the sugarcane planting process and include each link or process in the accounting scope; (2) Data collection and compilation: Comprehensively collect input and output data related to sugarcane planting and production, and compile carbon sequestration data, which are crucial for assessing carbon balance; (3) Quantification and modeling: Based on the collected data, a carbon emission and carbon sequestration model for the entire life cycle of sugarcane planting and product production is constructed, and quantitative analysis is performed through mathematical models and calculation methods. The carbon emissions and carbon sequestration in the model are quantified to obtain specific numerical results; (4) Carbon balance analysis: Calculate the carbon balance: Compare and analyze carbon emissions and carbon sequestration to calculate the difference between the carbon balance and the carbon balance. If carbon emissions are greater than carbon sequestration, it is a net carbon emission; otherwise, it is a carbon surplus. (5) Write an evaluation report and make recommendations.

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